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THE

CIRCULAR BUILT

ENVIRONMENT

PLAYBOOK

CIRCULARITY

ACCELERAT

The World Green Building Council (WorldGBC)

is the largest and most influential local-

regional-global action network, leading the

transformation to sustainable and decarbonised

built environments for everyone, everywhere.

Together, with 75+ Green Building Councils and

industry partners from all around the world, we

are driving systemic changes to:

• Address whole life carbon emissions of

existing and new buildings

• Enable resilient, healthy, equitable and

inclusive places

• Secureregenerative,resourceefcientand

waste-free infrastructure

We work with businesses, organisations and

governments to deliver on the ambitions of

the Paris Agreement and UN Global Goals for

Sustainable Development (SDGs).

Find out more www.worldgbc.org

About the World

Green Building

Council

CEO

Foreword

In the natural world nothing goes to

waste. It is undeniable that humans,

with our current linear systems which

extract, transform, use and waste

materials, are causing immeasurable

damage to ourselves and to the planet.

The use and waste of materials and

products is trending in a dangerously

unsustainable direction. Our homes,

localities and infrastructure cover less

than 2% of the earth’s surface, yet

our cities consume almost half the

resources extracted globally1. Current

estimates calculate that the world

is only 7.2% circular, and continually

overshooting planetary boundaries2.

A circular economy is an essential

part of the sustainability solution. All

governments and the building and

construction sector must prioritise the

massive material and waste footprint of

our current linear system and embrace

a circular transition that leverages

social value for all. The transition to

a circular economy within the built

environment brings opportunities

to decouple economic growth from

carbon emissions and could yield up

toUS$4.5trillionineconomicbenets

between today and 20303.

Through the Circular Built Environment

Playbook, we hope to make the

complex principles of the circular

economy easy to understand for every

actor in the built environment value

chain. We have mapped out more than

20 strategies of implementing circular

design, construction and operation for

the built environment, illustrated with

best practice case studies from all

over the world. We hope this will be an

invaluable resource to guide the much

needed system change from linear to

circular.

I would like to thank our Circularity

Accelerator programme partners

and Green Building Councils whose

shared ambition and collaboration

has brought this important resource

to fruition. Their innovation and case

studies, which form the basis of this

report, demonstrate that together we

can close material loops in the built

environment and drive the transition

to a more sustainable future. We

hope that the launch of this report will

accelerate change within the built

environment and demonstrate the

urgency to scale sustainable solutions,

now, and shape a future and circular

economy that we are proud to live in.

Cristina Gamboa

CEO, World Green Building Council

WorldGBC’s Circularity Accelerator is

kindly supported by:

Global Programme Partners

Report Partners

32 The Circular Built Environment Playbook

Our Call

to Action

Regenerate

Nature Levers for

Change The Circular-Ready

Checklist

About Principles of a

Circular Economy Building and

Construction Materials Design and

Retrot

Introduction Glossary

Executive

Summary

Why a circular economy?

Globally, our linear take-make-waste systems are putting us

on track to environmental, social and economic disaster, with

the use of materials and products trending in a dangerously

unsustainable direction – 2023 estimates predict the world

is only 7.2% circular4 (a reduction from 8.6% in 2020 and 9.1%

in 2018)5. Today, high-income countries are generating more

than one-third of the world’s waste, yet they only account for

16% of the world’s population. In lower-income countries an

estimated 93% of waste is illegally dumped6, and by 2050

waste generation in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to more

than triple from current levels7.

An estimated 2 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste was

generated in 2016, and in 2050, this number is expected to

grow by 70% globally to 3.4 billion tonnes8. In 2022, a year’s

worth of biological resources were used in just seven months,

which means the equivalent of 1.75 planet Earths would

be required to supply this level of demand per year9. Today,

veoftheninekey‘planetaryboundaries’thatmeasure

environmental health across land, water and air have been

broken10.

Today’s efforts to combat climate change have focused

predominantly on the critical role of renewable energy and

energy-efciencymeasureswithinthebuiltenvironment;

these measures would address 55% of emissions from the

sector. However, meeting climate targets will also require

tackling and prioritising the remaining 45% of emissions

associated with the things we make, including building

materials.11.

Through the publication of The Circular Built Environment

Playbook, the WorldGBC network aspires to increase

awareness and accessibility of circular economy solutions,

by guiding all stakeholders within the built environment value

chain towards sustainable, circular decision-making.

Through this work our global network is driving action towards

ourguidinggoalsforresourceefciencyandcircularity;

“A built environment that facilitates the regeneration of

resources and natural systems, whilst providing socio-

economic benets through a circular economy.”

Image Credit: Patrick Ward

The path to a better future is clear – a circular

economy is an essential part of the sustainability

solution.

54The Circular Built Environment Playbook

The Circular Built Environment Playbook

Our Call

to Action

Regenerate

Nature Levers for

Change The Circular-Ready

Checklist

About Principles of a

Circular Economy Building and

Construction Materials Design and

Retrot

Introduction Glossary

/97

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CIRCULARITYACCELERATORTHECIRCULARBUILTENVIRONMENTPLAYBOOKAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistAbouttheWorldCEOGreenBuildingForewordCouncilWorldGBC’sCircularityAcceleratorisInthenaturalworldnothinggoestoThroughtheCircularBuiltEnvironment<TheWorldGreenBuildingCouncil(WorldGBC)kindlysupportedby:waste.Itisundeniablethathumans,Playbook,wehopetomaketheisthelargestandmostinfluentiallocal-withourcurrentlinearsystemswhichcomplexprinciplesofthecircularCristinaGamboaregional-globalactionnetwork,leadingtheGlobalProgrammePartnersextract,transform,useandwasteeconomyeasytounderstandforeveryCEO,WorldGreenBuildingCounciltransformationtosustainableanddecarbonisedmaterials,arecausingimmeasurableactorinthebuiltenvironmentvaluebuiltenvironmentsforeveryone,everywhere.ReportPartnersdamagetoourselvesandtotheplanet.chain.Wehavemappedoutmorethan20strategiesofimplementingcircularTogether,with75+GreenBuildingCouncilsandTheuseandwasteofmaterialsanddesign,constructionandoperationforindustrypartnersfromallaroundtheworld,weproductsistrendinginadangerouslythebuiltenvironment,illustratedwitharedrivingsystemicchangesto:unsustainabledirection.Ourhomes,bestpracticecasestudiesfromalllocalitiesandinfrastructurecoverlessovertheworld.Wehopethiswillbean<•Addresswholelifecarbonemissionsofthan2%oftheearth’ssurface,yetinvaluableresourcetoguidethemuchexistingandnewbuildingsourcitiesconsumealmosthalftheneededsystemchangefromlineartoresourcesextractedglobally1.Currentcircular.•Enableresilient,healthy,equitableandestimatescalculatethattheworldinclusiveplacesisonly7.2%circular,andcontinuallyIwouldliketothankourCircularityovershootingplanetaryboundaries2.Acceleratorprogrammepartners•Secureregenerative,resourceefficientandandGreenBuildingCouncilswhosewaste-freeinfrastructureAcirculareconomyisanessentialsharedambitionandcollaborationpartofthesustainabilitysolution.AllhasbroughtthisimportantresourceWeworkwithbusinesses,organisationsandgovernmentsandthebuildingandtofruition.Theirinnovationandcasegovernmentstodeliverontheambitionsofconstructionsectormustprioritisethestudies,whichformthebasisofthistheParisAgreementandUNGlobalGoalsformassivematerialandwastefootprintofreport,demonstratethattogetherweSustainableDevelopment(SDGs).ourcurrentlinearsystemandembracecanclosematerialloopsinthebuiltacirculartransitionthatleveragesenvironmentanddrivethetransitionFindoutmorewww.worldgbc.orgsocialvalueforall.Thetransitiontotoamoresustainablefuture.Weacirculareconomywithinthebuilthopethatthelaunchofthisreportwillenvironmentbringsopportunitiesacceleratechangewithinthebuilttodecoupleeconomicgrowthfromenvironmentanddemonstratethecarbonemissionsandcouldyieldupurgencytoscalesustainablesolutions,toUS$4.5trillionineconomicbenefitsnow,andshapeafutureandcircularbetweentodayand20303.economythatweareproudtolivein.2TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook3AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistExecutiveWhyacirculareconomy?ThroughthepublicationofTheCircularBuiltEnvironmentSummaryPlaybook,theWorldGBCnetworkaspirestoincreaseGlobally,ourlineartake-make-wastesystemsareputtingusawarenessandaccessibilityofcirculareconomysolutions,<ontracktoenvironmental,socialandeconomicdisaster,withbyguidingallstakeholderswithinthebuiltenvironmentvaluetheuseofmaterialsandproductstrendinginadangerouslychaintowardssustainable,circulardecision-making.unsustainabledirection–2023estimatespredicttheworldisonly7.2%circular4(areductionfrom8.6%in2020and9.1%Throughthisworkourglobalnetworkisdrivingactiontowardsin2018)5.Today,high-incomecountriesaregeneratingmoreourguidinggoalsforresourceefficiencyandcircularity;thanone-thirdoftheworld’swaste,yettheyonlyaccountfor“Abuiltenvironmentthatfacilitatestheregenerationof16%oftheworld’spopulation.Inlower-incomecountriesanresourcesandnaturalsystems,whilstprovidingsocio-estimated93%ofwasteisillegallydumped6,andby2050economicbenefitsthroughacirculareconomy.”wastegenerationinSub-SaharanAfricaisexpectedtomorethantriplefromcurrentlevels7.<Anestimated2billiontonnesofmunicipalsolidwastewasgeneratedin2016,andin2050,thisnumberisexpectedtogrowby70%globallyto3.4billiontonnes8.In2022,ayear’sworthofbiologicalresourceswereusedinjustsevenmonths,whichmeanstheequivalentof1.75planetEarthswouldberequiredtosupplythislevelofdemandperyear9.Today,fiveoftheninekey‘planetaryboundaries’thatmeasureenvironmentalhealthacrossland,waterandairhavebeenbroken10.Today’seffortstocombatclimatechangehavefocusedpredominantlyonthecriticalroleofrenewableenergyandenergy-efficiencymeasureswithinthebuiltenvironment;thesemeasureswouldaddress55%ofemissionsfromthesector.However,meetingclimatetargetswillalsorequiretacklingandprioritisingtheremaining45%ofemissionsassociatedwiththethingswemake,includingbuildingmaterials.11.Thepathtoabetterfutureisclear–acirculareconomyisanessentialpartofthesustainabilitysolution.4TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook5ImageCredit:PatrickWardAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistTheFundamentalPrinciplesofaCircularEconomyTAKEMAKEUSEDISPOSEWASTETAKEThecoreprinciplesofacirculareconomyforthebuiltThestrategiesunderpinningthesethemesthroughallenvironmentare:buildingstagesareexaminedindetailthroughoutthisLINEARECONOMYENDOFCIRCULARreport.LIFEECONOMY•ReductioninconsumptionofmaterialsandresourcesTacklingthesesustainabilityissueswillrequireaMAKEsystemictransformationacrosstheentirebuiltasset•Optimisationoflifespanformaterialandvaluechain.Theprinciplesofacirculareconomymustproductusebeimplementedatallbuildingscalesandacrossallgeographiesandregions,whilstbeingapplicabletoassets•Designfordisassembly,reuseandrecycling,ofalltypologies,bothnewandexistingbuildingsandandtheeliminationofallwasteinfrastructure•Regenerationofnature.<RETROFITCalltoActionMoredetailinthemeasuresthatpractitionerscantaketoimplementthecallstoactioncanbeUSEAllstakeholdersinthebuiltenvironmentalvaluechainfoundinthechecklist.<havearoletoplayinenablingcircularsolutionsatADefinitionforaCircularBuildingis:•Longevity,resilience,durability,easymaintenancescale.CirculardesignandconstructionoffersextensiveFormoreinformationonWorldGBC’sCircularityandreparabilityenvironmentalopportunitiesandsocio-economicAcceleratorglobalprogramme,pleasevisitAcircularbuildingoptimisestheuseofresourcesbenefitsiftheappropriatedesignandconstructionworldgbc.org/circularity-acceleratorwhilstminimisingwastethroughoutitswholelifecycle.•Disassembly,reuseorrecyclingofembeddedstrategiesareimplemented.Inpracticalterms,itrequiresThebuilding’sdesign,operationanddeconstructionmaterial,componentsandsystemsallstakeholdersincludinginvestors,clients,developersWorldGBC’sglobalnetworkofGreenBuildingmaximisevalueovertimeusing:anddesignteamstotakealonger-termview,consideringCouncilsarecommittedtodrivingasustainablebuilt•Lifecycleassessment(LCA),lifecyclecostingthepast,presentandfutureuseofabuilding’sproductsenvironmentforeveryone,everywhere—byconvening•Durableproductsandservicesmadeofsecondary,(LCC)andreadilyavailabledigitalinformationandparts.industry,knowledgedissemination,developingnon-toxic,sustainablysourced,orrenewable,(suchasbuildingmaterialpassports)12.bestpracticestandardsandcertificationtoolsreusableorrecyclablematerialsLeadershipfrombothprivateandpublicsectoractorsacrossdifferentmarkets,anddrivingnationalandWBCSD(2021)Thebusinesscaseforcircularbuildings:willbeessentialinguidingthelarge-scalecircularinternationalpolicychange.•SpaceefficiencyovertimethroughsharedExploringtheeconomic,environmentalandsocialvalueeconomytransition.WorldGBCcallsallactorsfromoccupancy,flexibilityandadaptabilityacrossthevaluechaintoembracethenecessaryFormoreinformationpleasereachouttoyourlocalactionstobecome‘circular-ready’asthenecessaryGreenBuildingCouncil.marketconditionsareputintoplacetocreateathrivingregenerativeeconomyoperatinginalignmentwithplanetaryboundaries.6TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook7AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist01Inthisreport,WorldGBCexaminesthecirculareconomyintheIntroductionbuiltenvironment,recognisingitsessentialroleintacklingthe<globalclimateandbiodiversity<crises,regeneratingresourcesandacceleratingsocio-economicdevelopment.Wearelivinginaperiodofenvironmentalbreakdown:aclimateemergency,massbiodiversityloss,pollutionandextinction,theover-utilisationofnaturalresourcesandaglobalwastecrisis.Thereareanincreasingnumberofcomplexglobalrisksacceleratingourplanet’sbreakdown,anditisundeniablethatourcurrentlinearsystemswhichextract,transformandusematerialsarecausingimmeasurabledamagetotheplanetanditspeople.Thisreportpresentsanoverviewofcirculareconomystrategiesforthebuiltenvironment,andfeaturesmarketleadershipandsolutionsfromacrosstheWorldGBCglobalnetwork.Thecasestudyevidenceinthispublicationshowcasesexistingsolutionsthatcouldbeimplementedatscale.Throughthisreport,WorldGBCdemonstratesstrategiesthatwillhelpthebuiltenvironmenttransitiontowardsaclosed-loopsystem,andcallsformass-marketcollaborationtomakeourcirculareconomyaspirationsbusinessasusualforallbuiltassets.8TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook9AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist1.1GlobalContextOurhomes,localitiesandinfrastructureThetransitiontoacirculareconomycoverlessthan2%oftheearth’swithinthebuiltenvironmentwillbringsurface,yetourcitiesproduceantogetherresourceefficiencyandestimated70%ofallglobalopportunitiestodecoupleeconomicgreenhousegasemissions13andgrowthfromcarbonemissions.consumealmosthalftheresourcesGlobally,thecirculareconomycouldextractedglobally14.Onceacityisbuilt,yielduptoUS$4.5trillionineconomicBuildingoperationsitsphysicalformandland-usepatternsbenefitsbetweentodayand2030.andthematerialsusedcanbelockedinforgenerations,leadingInEuropealoneitisestimatedthattounsustainablesprawl.Projectionsatransitiontoacirculareconomysuggestthistrendisonlyaccelerating,couldgenerateaneteconomicgainintheconstructionwithestimatesstatingthat68%oftheof€1.8trillionperyear,thisrepresentsofbuildingsareworld’spopulationwillliveincitiesbyapotential7%increaseintheregion’sestimatedto2050.Today,theexpansionofurbanGDP20.landconsumptionoutpacespopulationgrowthbyasmuchas50%,whichisaccountforaroundexpectedtoadd1.2millionkm²ofnew<37%ofglobalCO2urbanbuilt-upareatotheworldby203016.<emissions15.High-incomecountriesaregeneratingmorethanone-thirdoftheworld’swaste,yettheyonlyaccountfor16%oftheworld’spopulation.Inlower-incomecountriesanestimated93%ofwasteisillegallydumped,andby2050wastegenerationinSub-SaharanAfricaisexpectedtomorethantriplefromcurrentlevels.Anestimated2billiontonnesofmunicipalsolidwastewasgeneratedin2016,andin2050,thisnumberisexpectedtogrowto3.4billiontonnes19–thatrepresentsanincreaseof70%.10TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook11ImageCredit:DaveHerringAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistThewaywecurrentlyutiliseresourcesinthebuiltenvironmentisOurNetwork’sGuidingGoalsunsustainableforthreecorereasons:1.TheEarthdoesnothaveaninfinitesupplyoftheTheWorldGreenBuildingCouncilglobalnetwork’sguidinggoalsforacircular,resourcesonwhichwehavebuiltglobaleconomies,resource-efficientbuiltenvironmentis:Depletionofparticularlyfossilfuels,heavymetals,soilandwater.finiteresources:Weoperateinaworldwheremorethan90%ofallAbuiltenvironmentthatfacilitatestheregenerationofresourcesandnaturalmaterialsextractedandusedarewasted.Betweensystems,whilstprovidingsocio-economicbenefitthroughacirculareconomy.COP21inParisandCOP26inGlasgow,theglobaleconomyconsumed70%morerawmaterialsthantheEarthcouldsafelyreplenish21.<2.Theemissionsresultingfromthewaybuildings2030Goal:2050Goal:<Greenhousegasandmaterialsareproduced,usedanddisposedof,ThesustainablemanagementandAbuiltenvironmentwithnetzeroemissionsacceleratingarecausingunprecedentedclimatechangeandefficientuseofnaturalresourceswithinwholeliferesourcedepletion,environmentaldamage.thebuiltenvironment,achievingzeroworkingtowardstherestorationofclimatechange:wastetolandfilltargetsandworkingresourcesandnaturalsystemswithintowardsabuiltenvironmentwithnetathrivingcirculareconomy.zerowholeliferesourcedepletion.3.Thebuildingandconstructionsectoremploysatleast7%ofpeopleworldwide12.Howeverthesocio-Inequitiesandhumaneconomicstructuressurroundingtheextraction,trade,rightschallenges:constructionanduseofthesematerialsareunjust.Forcedlabourandinequalityatallstagesofthesupplychainmustbetackled.Wemustaddress‘embodiedinjustice’alongsideembodiedcarbonemissions.12TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookFindoutmore:WorldGBC’s‘CircularityAccelerator’GlobalProgramme13AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist02<TheFundamentalPrinciplesofaCircularEconomy<14TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook15AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist2.1ACircularWhatisaCircularEconomy?AtMANUFACTURINGstage,makeuseoflocal,alternativeandreusedmaterialsEconomyfortheUnlikelineareconomicmodels-inwhichresourcesaredisposedofat(particularlythosedeconstructedfromBuiltEnvironmentendofinitialfunctionaluse-acirculareconomyoptimisestheuseofexistingbuildingsorassets),prioritisingresourceswhilstminimisingwastethroughoutitswholelifecycle.InthetheuseofrenewableenergysourcesandCircularityhasbuiltenvironment,thesestagesare:operatingwithefficientuseofnaturalbecomeapopularresources,suchaswater.wordinrecentyears,TAKEMAKEUSEDISPOSEWASTETAKEbutthetruthisthatAtDESIGNstage,prioritiseenergybuildingshavebeenLINEARECONOMYENDOFCIRCULARefficiency,makeuseofpassivedesign<LIFEECONOMYstrategies,prioritiserenewableenergy<circularformillennia.Atend-of-lifestage,prioritisefulldisassemblyandDECONSTRUCTIONtoallowforgenerationandutilisation,facilitatereuseofallbuildingmaterials,productsandcomponents.DemolitionandsendingMAKEwaterharvestingandregenerationUrbanmining,buildingsasmaterialbuildingcomponentstolandfillshouldbeavoided.ofnature,andprioritiseuseoflocallybanks,anddesignfordisassemblysourced,reusedoralternativematerials.maysoundlikenewideas,butinThroughouttheoperationallifeofabuilding,maintenanceandadaptabilityRETROFITDesignforeaseofmaintenance,fact,peoplehavebeenreusingandallowsfortheextendedlifespanofanasset.AttheRETROFITstageallassetsUSEdisassemblyanddeconstructionandrepurposingbuildingmaterialsandareretrofittedaccordingtohighersustainabilityperformancestandards.Reuseensurenon-toxicmaterialchoicestoproductsthroughouthistory.It’sonlyinisprioritisedoverdemolition,withpreferenceforalternative,renewable,reusedorallowfuturereuseandcirculation.ourrelativelyrecenthistorythatwe’verecycledmaterialuseforassetrenovations.overlookedsomeofthesebuildingAtCONSTRUCTIONphase,lowprinciplesandbeguntoinflictsevereembodiedcarbonconstructionenvironmentaldamage.Todaytheprocessesareutilised—suchascircularuseofmaterialsandproductsmodularconstruction—andhigherisnottrendingintherightdirection–performancestandardsare2023estimatescalculatetheworldisimplementedaroundconstructiononly7.2%circular13(areductionfromwaste.Theuseofsustainablematerials8.6%circularin2020and9.1%circularandproductsisaprioritythroughallin2018)14.decisionmakingprocesses.DuringtheOPERATIONALphase,buildingsarewellmaintained—enablingalongerlifeofassetsandtheirparts.Wastecreationisminimised,andnaturalcapitalisrestoredandprotectedonsite.16TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook17AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistBasedonWorldGBC’smarketanalysistheGlobally,therearenumerousdefinitionsADefinitionforaCircularBuildingis:AnalysisofCircularEconomyDefinitionsmostcommonthemesandcoreprinciplesofofacirculareconomybeingutilisedacirculareconomyinthebuiltenvironmentacrossallsectors.Afewofthemost“AcircularbuildingoptimisestheDigitalisationanduseSocialbenefitandcanbesummarisedasfollows:prominentandwidelyuseduseofresourceswhilstminimisingofdata-driventoolscommunityresiliencedefinitionsinclude:wastethroughoutitswholelifecycle.•ReductioninconsumptionofThebuilding’sdesign,operationandUseofalternativematerialsandresources“Anindustrialsystemthatisdeconstructionmaximisevalueoverrestorativeorregenerativebyintentiontimeusing:Usecircularstrategiesmaterials•Optimisationoflifespanforanddesign.Itreplacestheend-of-materialandproductuselifeconceptwithrestoration,shifts•Durableproductsandservicesandsolutionstowardstheuseofrenewableenergy,madeofsecondary,non-toxic,•Designfordisassembly,reuseeliminatestheuseoftoxicchemicals,sustainablysourced,orrenewable,Builtenvironmentandrecycling,andtheeliminationwhichimpairreuseandreturntothereusableorrecyclablematerialsupplychainofallwastebiosphere,andaimsfortheeliminationofwastethroughthesuperiordesign•SpaceefficiencyovertimethroughNetzero•Regenerationofnature.ofmaterials,products,systems,andsharedoccUpancy,flexibilityandemissionsbusinessmodels.”adaptabilityWithinthecontextofthebuiltenvironment,Reducetheconsumptionthecoreprinciplesofthecirculareconomyofmaterialsandresourcesmustbeimplementedatallscales:Nature-based•Product,building,neighbourhood,solutionsinfrastructure,cityandsystemTheWorldEconomicForum•Longevity,resilience,durability,•Allgeographiesandregions;andapplicabletobuildingsofalltypologies,<“ThecirculareconomyisanewandeasymaintenanceandreparabilityHealthymaterials/avoidingencompassingnewandretrofitted<inclusiveeconomicparadigmthathazardoussubstancebuildings.aimstominimisepollutionandwaste,•Disassembly,reuseorrecyclingofextendproductlifecycles,andenableembeddedmaterial,componentsCircularThedesignandconstructionstrategiesbroadsharingofphysicalandnaturalandsystemsbusinessunderpinningthesethemesareexaminedindetailinthesubsequentsectionsofthisassets.Itstrivesforacompetitive•Lifecycleassessment(LCA),modelsRegeneratereport.economythatcreatesgreenandlifecyclecosting(LCC)andreadilynaturedecentjobsandkeepsresourceuseavailabledigitalinformation(suchSources:withinplanetaryboundaries.”asbuildingmaterialpassports)22.”ARUP,BAMB,C40,CircleEconomy,CIRCuIT,DGNB,ChathamHouse,EEA,EllenMacArthurUNECE’sEconomicCooperationandFoundation,GBCA,GBCItalia,Hauptetal(2017),Hobson(2016),Metabolic,Moreauetal(2017),TradeDivision(ECTD)NorwegianGBC,OECD,PACE,PBL,PolishGBC,Ramboll,SinghandOrdonez(2016),SITRA,“ThecirculareconomyreferstoanDespitethechallengeofmultipleUsewasteasaDesignforUsematerialsandWBCSD,WEF,WorldBank,WRI,UKGBC,UNECEindustrialeconomythatisrestorativedefinitionsinuse,thereareclearresource/materialdisassembly,resourcesforasbyintention;aimstorelyonrenewableoverlapsbetweendifferentdefinitions,longaspossible19energy;minimises,tracks,andframeworksandacademicliteraturecascadingreuseandeliminatestheuseoftoxicchemicals;incirculationtoday.Acrossnumerousrecyclinguserid:572586,docid:151525,date:2024-01-16,sgpjbg.comanderadicateswastethroughcarefulpublicationsacommonsetof‘core’Materialdesign.”circulareconomyprinciplesemerge.efficiencyForthepurposeofprovidingclarityEllenMacArthurFoundationandoverviewinthisdocument,ananalysisofprominentsourcesfromwithinthebuiltenvironmenthasbeenSetofcommondenominatorsacrossdifferentconducted.definitionsofacircularbuilding.Thelargerthedistributionthehigherthenumberofmentions.18TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist2.2CreatingaCircularWorldGBCcallsallactorsfromacrossthevalueCONTRACTORS:chaintoembracethenecessaryactionstobecomeValueChainintheBuilt‘circular-ready’asthenecessarymarketconditionsareConstructassetsthatareabletobeadapted,Environmentputintoplacetocreateathrivingregenerativeeconomymaintainedanddisassembled.Implementoperatinginalignmentwithplanetaryboundaries.sustainableprocurementpracticesthatprioritiseAllstakeholdersacrossthelocallysourcedmaterials,withlowembodiedbuiltenvironmentvaluecarbon,nohazardoussubstancesandstorage,chainhavearoletoplayinover-ordering,andsuppliertakebackschemes.enablingcircularsolutionsDevelopaplantominimiseconstructionwaste.atscale.DEVELOPERSANDINVESTORS:ASSETOWNER/OCCUPIERS,USERSANDMANAGERS:<AddressingexistinggapsineducationandSetcirculareconomyrequirementsaspartofInnovatepracticestoutilisesharingbusinessskillsdevelopmentwillbecrucial,astheESGandsustainabilitystrategy.Mandateuseofmodels,andchampionadaptationofassetstocirculareconomyisaconceptthatrequireslifecycleassessmentsalongsidedigitalmodellingotherusetypes.Protectandenhancenatureallstakeholderstothinkandactdifferently.toguideplanninganddecision-making,includingandnaturalresourceson-site.DevelopaplanTransitioningtoafullycirculareconomywithinallowancesforuseofalternativematerialswheretominimiseoperationalwastegenerationandthebuiltenvironmentwillrequireurgentandpossible.disposaltolandfill.large-scaleactionfromallpartsofsociety,particularlysupportedbybothregulatoryMANUFACTURERSANDSUPPLIERS:DECONSTRUCTION:<enforcementfromthepublicsectorandPOLICYMAKERS:leadershipoftheprivatesector.ConsiderandtargettheuseofalternativeAttheendofassetfunctionaluse,takebackallmaterials,prioritisingreusedmaterialsandmaterialsandfacilitatereuse/repair/recyclingThecalltoactionandkeyoutcomesforexploringproducttake-backbusinessmodels.tokeepproductsandmaterialsinextendedusefultheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookStartcollectinganddisclosingdatatostimulatelifeandavoiddemolitionwaste.Whereproductsreportcanbeanalysedindetailwithinthemarkettransparencyandcreatearippleeffectormaterialscan’tberepurposed,employmaterialindustry-specificWorldGBC‘Circular-Readyacrossthesupplychain.cascadinghierarchytodowncyclematerialsforChecklist.’furtherfunctionaluse.DESIGNERS:PolicymakerscanenableandfacilitatethePrioritisetheimplementationofkeycircularityimplementationofcirculardesignprinciplesprinciplesthroughdesignandretrofit,suchthroughappropriateregulatorychangethatasadaptability,disassemblyandfor-natureincentivisestheuseofcircularservicesandgeneration.Specifymaterialswithpassportsandproducts.EPDs,includingtheuseofalternativeandreusedmaterials,tostimulatethemarketforsecondaryandbio-basedmaterials.20TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook21AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistTheCircular1.MANUFACTURING2.DESIGN3.CONSTRUCTIONBuiltEnvironmentMaterialsaremanufacturedlocallyusinglocalskillsandresources.Holisticcirculardesignapproachmakesuseofpassivedesign,BuildingsareconstructedtohighersustainabilityperformanceAcircularbuiltFocusisplacedonreducingallemissionsandwaste,usingalternative,renewableenergy,waterharvestingandlocalmaterialstomitigatestandardsandmodularelementsinconstructionareused,makingenvironmentwillbio-basedandrenewablematerialsandreducingthedependenceonemissionsandallowforregenerationofnaturalresources.Designingbuildingseasiertorepairandmaintain,disassembleandrelocaterequireactionateveryminingandmanufacturingofnewmaterials.Manufacturersprovideforoperationalneedsisconsideredupfront,focusingonthemulti-useorrefurbishforreuse.Constructionwasteiseradicatedasfarstageofthebuildingmaterialpassportsforproducts,assembliesandfabricatedelementsofspaces,designforflexibility,adaptability,disassemblyandlongeraspossible,whilstsupportingimprovedqualityandtimelinesforandconstructionwhichalignwithbestpracticeguidelinesandrethinkbusinessmodelslifecycles.Allmaterialsincludingalternative,bio-basedandrenewableconstruction.lifecycle.touselessmaterialsoradoptingproducttake-backschemes.materialsaresustainablysourcedandprocured.4.OPERATIONBuildingsareresourceefficientandwellmaintained,enablingalongerlifeofbuildingsandtheirpartswhilereducingallwasteandcarbonemissions.Technologyisusedtoenhanceoperationalefficiency,andallmaterialsthatarepartofexistingassetsareconsideredresourcesforthebuildingsoftomorrow.Buildingfacilitiesaresharedandcontributetotheresilienceofcommunities.<<7.REUSEANDRECYCLING6.DECONSTRUCTION5.RETROFITEnd-of-lifeconsiderationsarepartofthefulldesignprocessEnd-of-lifeconsiderationsarepartofthefulldesignprocessAllassetsareretrofittedaccordingtohighersustainabilityperformanceenablingopportunitiesforreuseandrecycling.Thevalueofenablingopportunitiesfordisassemblyanddeconstruction.standards.Reuseisprioritisedoverdemolition,anddisassemblyandrecoveredbuildingproductsisfullyunderstood,andupcyclingThevalueofrecoveredbuildingproductsisfullyunderstood,deconstructionareapartofstandardbuildingpractices.Themajorityopportunitiesareavailable.Buildingsaredeconstructedandthewherebybuildingsaredeconstructedandbuildingproductsareofmaterialsarelocallysourcedandprocuredwhichsupportsthematerialsarereusedagainandagain.reusedagainandagain.economicresilienceofthelocalcommunity.22TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook23AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist2.3MeasuringCircularityintheBuiltEnvironmentWecan’timprovewhatwedon’tDigitalmaterialpassportsareakeyThroughfocusedcollaboration,thestrategyfortrackingthecirculationofbuildingandconstructionsectorhasMeasuringthemeasure.Theimplementationbuildingandconstructionmaterialsinatheopportunitytoclosetheloopprogressofaofstrategiesthatretainanasset’sclosedloopsystem,byhostingopen-throughoutthesupplychain,butonlysourcedatadefiningthecharacteristicswiththeprovisionofreliabledatatovalueandusefulnessrequiresofmaterialsinproductsused,andinformthemarket.enablingtheidentificationofvalueforcirculareconomyislong-termplanning.Throughfocusedrecovery,reuseandrecycling.collaboration,thebuildingand<essentialtotheactualconstructionsectorhastheimplementationofaopportunitytoclosetheloopthroughoutthesupplychain,butfunctioningcircularonlywiththeprovisionofreliabledataeconomicsystem.toinformthemarket.<Themeasurementofacircularbuildingorassetisaquestionthatremainsunresolvedacrosstheindustry.Howeverstrategiesandframeworkscoveringabroadrangeoftopicssuchasproductavailabilityandquality,materialstoragelocation,reusability,andincludingcircularityratingsforanentireasset,areenablingleadershipwithinthemarket.HowcanwemeasurethecircularityImageCredit:FlorianWehdeofmaterials?Whilstthecircularityofabuildingcannotbefullymeasureduntiltheendofitslife,thefollowingindicatorshavebeenproposedtoestablishquantifiablegoalsandindicatorsatdifferentstages.24TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook25AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistCircularBuiltEnvironment:ResourcesfortheGlobalIndustryTheWorldGBCglobalnetworkaspirestoincreaseawarenessandaccessibilityofcirculareconomysolutionsforthebuiltenvironment.ThisinteractivemapfeaturesmarketleadershipfromGreenBuildingCouncilswhoparticipateintheCircularityAcceleratorglobalprogramme,inadditiontoindustrypartners.<<WorldGBCCircularAcceleratorSteeringCommitteeIndustryPartners26TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook27AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistINTRODUCINGKEYBUILDINGANDCONSTRUCTIONMATERIALS<THEMESFORTHEDESIGNANDRETROFITCIRCULARECONOMYREGENERATENATUREINTHEBUILTLEVERSFORCHANGEENVIRONMENT<ImageCredit:MatthewHenry28TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook29AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist03Thischapterexaminesbuildingand<constructionmaterials,andpresentsBUILDING&bestpracticecirculareconomyCONSTRUCTIONexamplesfromacrosstheglobalbuiltMATERIALSenvironment.<“Wehavealongtraditionofreusingmaterials.Rightupuntilthe1960s,therewerestrongtraditionsofsortingandreusingbuildingmaterialsinNorway,suchasnotchedlogs,joistsandbeams,roofstructures,bricks,rooftiles,windows,anddoors.Materialswereexpensiveandtherewasmoneytobesavedbyreusingthem.Amajorshiftinmaterialrecoveryoccurredinthe1950swhenwemovedfromusinglimemortartocementmortar.Fromthatpoint,itbecamepossibletoproduceverycheapbuildingmaterialsthroughindustrialprocesses.Efficientbuildingmethods,fewerrequirementsregardingtheservicelifeofbuildings,andlowermaterialcostsmadematerialrecoverylessimportantformany.”Think-twice-before-demolishing,GrønnByggallianse(NorwegianGreenBuildingCouncil)30TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook31AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist3.1BuildingandConstructionMaterialUseinIndustryAllmaterialsandMaterialusageintheconstructionResearchdemonstratesthatcircularityWitharound30%buildingshaveaindustryissettoincreaseexponentiallyprinciplesarenotbeingutilisedatofthecarboncarbonfootprintasaoverthecomingdecades,yetitisscaleinmanyoftheprimarymaterialsemissionsforthevitalthatthesectordoesnotexceedmarkets22.Thereforethematerialsconstructionsectortheglobalcarbonbudgetbasedonmarkethashugeuntappedpotentialbeinggeneratedattheproductandresultoftheembodiedplanetaryboundaries23.By2050,toembracethebenefitsofmoreconstructionstages,carbonemissionstheglobaldemandforconventionalsustainablematerialuse.Witharoundwecannotignorethatmaterials,suchassteel,cementand30%ofthecarbonemissionsforthefasteractionacrossthewholevaluechainaluminium,isprojectedtoincreaseconstructionsectorbeinggeneratedisneeded.<attheproductstage,wecannotgeneratedwhenwebyafactoroftwotofour24.EvenignorethatfasteractionacrossGlobalABCGlobalStatusReport2018EIAthewholevaluechainisneeded.A<withambitiousnetzerostrategies,focusonsafety,healthierproductsextractresourcesandemissionsfromtheproductionofmaterials,orwhenconventionalmaterialsalonewillreach,werepurposeexistingcumulatively,649billiontonnesofCO2eanddisclosurewillenablefasterproductsandbuildingby210025.decarbonisationaswellasnewparts.businessopportunities.TheproductionMaterialsandproductswithanduseofmaterialswithcircularcircularproperties(includingproperties,whetherconventionalorbothconventionalandalternativealternative,areessentialinreducingmaterials)aretypicallynon-toxic,carbonemissionsfromthebuiltminimisenaturalresourcedepletionenvironment.throughuseofrenewableresourcesand/orsecondarymaterials(encompassingreused,recoveredandrecycledmaterials).32TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook0433AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist3.2WhataretheDigitalMaterialmaterialresourcesofabuildingcanbeBuildingsasCASESTUDY:<Passportsusefulforrefurbishmentpurposes,orMaterialBanksKeyConcepts?whenabuildingisdeconstructedandTheRecycledHouses;Denmark.AmaterialpassportdocumenttheproductsbecomeavailableforotherEverybrick,wall,door,andwindow<describesthecharacteristicsandvaluebuildingsoruses.Materialdatabasespaneinabuildinghasavalue.‘Arerecycledmaterialsasdurableasnewmaterials?’BetweenofbuildingmaterialsandproductsneedtobetransparenttofacilitateWhenbuildingsarerefurbishedor1990-1994,threeapartmentbuildings,knownas‘TheRecycledforrecovery,reuseandrecyclingcomparisonwhilstdemonstratingthedemolished,thesematerialsareoftenHouses’,werebuiltfrom80-90%recycledmaterialsinHorsens,purposesinlargervolumesinopenresidualvalueofmaterialsattheenddisposedofinlandfillsitesorusedOdenseandCopenhagen.Theaimwastoemployfull-scale,markets26.Theconceptofthematerialofabuilding’slife.Digitalmaterialinenergyrecovery.Withtheconcepttraditionalconstructionmethodsmakingthegreatestpossibleusepassportiscurrentlybeingdevelopedpassportsenableallbuiltassetstoofbuildingsas‘materialbanks’,ofrecycledmaterials.bymultipleparties,particularlyinfunctionasmaterialbanks.buildingsareseenasplacesthatstoreEuropeancountries27.Therearematerialsthatcanbereused,recycled,CASESTUDY:severalexistingmarkettoolslinkedFormoreinformationandexamplesorupcycledfornewproducts48.InDeliveringsteel´sfullreusepotential.tomaterialpassports,whichincludeofmaterialdatabases:Commonacirculareconomy,materialsthatthemeasurementanddeclarationofMaterialsFramework,TransparencyarepartofexistingbuildingsareSteelreuseisnowaviablelow-carbonoptionforallpartiestoimpactsonsocialandenvironmentalCatalog,CradletoCradle(C2C)consideredresourcesforthebuildingsimplement;fromtheperspectivesofcontractor,steelproducer,indicators,suchasLifecycleAnalysisCertifiedProductsRegistry,Energyoftomorrow.Thiscreatesdemandfabricator,engineertotheclient,asitisdemonstratedbythe(LCA)andEnvironmentalProductEfficientProductsforConsumers,forreused,recycledorrepurposedElephantandCastleregenerationprojectinLondon,UK.Declarations(EPD)28.TheinformationSPOT,Ecoinvent,GlobalGreenTag.buildingparts;however,toachieveaboutproductsusedinabuildingcantheseaccuratematerialdatabases,35bemappedandrecordedindigitalrecordsandbillsofquantityaredatabases,bothfornewandexistingneeded.buildings.TheinformationabouttheThepledgefortransparencyImageCredit:RicardoGomezAngelCASESTUDY:andperformanceinmaterialsPasaportedematerialesyactivossostenibles(P+MAS)—apioneeringmaterialpassportplatforminLatinThecallforEnvironmentalProductAmerica.Declarations(EPDs)hasexponentiallyincreasedinthelastcoupleofThe“SustainableMaterialsandAssetsPassport:P+MAS”isaprojectdecadesasaresultofthecallformoredevelopedandmanagedbyChileGreenBuildingCouncil(ChileGBC)andtransparencyfromusers,developerstheTechnologicalCenterforInnovationinConstruction(CTeC),bothandauthorities.Infact,theEPDbeingnon-profitorganisationsandspecialists,promotingsustainabilitycreditisthemostpopularMaterialsandinnovationintheconstructionsectorinChile.Thisinitiativeispartof&ResourcescreditintheLEEDratingthecirculareconomychallengesfortheconstructionsectorofCORFOsystemandseveralmanufacturing(agencyoftheMinistryofEconomy)andisco-financedwithcontributionscompanies,suchasSaint-Gobainhavefromrenownedmaterialmanufacturingandrealestatecompanies.embracedthismovementandareraisingthebarinthecircularitygoals.34TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistLocallySourcedUrbanMiningandMaterialsMaterialCascadingLocalisingthesupplychainrepresentsatremendousCASESTUDY:UrbanminingistheprocessofThisconceptisoftenassociatedwithSOLIDWOODopportunitytohelptheenvironmentandthelocalreclaimingmaterialsfromvarioustheforestrysector,inwhichcascadingwastestreams.Itconsidersthewasteusecanbeeffectivelydemonstrated.VENEERWOODeconomy.TheamountofenergyittakestoproducegeneratedbycitiesasavaluableForexample,aresourceeffectivePRODUCTSresource,allowingforthemonetisationcascademaystartwithrecentlyandtransportmaterialsshouldbeconsideredcrucialinofanymaterialandproductfromanyharvested,solidwoodthatgoesPARTICLE-BASEDwastestream.Howeverwhendemolitionintoveneerwoodproducts.AfterPRODUCTStheselectionprocessofmaterials,asthesefactorsareXiaoJingWanUniversity,China–isadoptedbyprojectteams,itoftenonelifecycle,ifdirectreuseisnotmakestheseparationofmaterialtechnicallyfeasible,thenbecomesFIBRE-BASEDreflectedintheembodiedcarbonemissionsofanasset.ahistoryoflocallysourcedbrickmasonrystreamsdifficult.particle-basedproducts,whichthenPRODUCTSMaterialsandproductsvaryintheamountofenergybuildings.becomesfiber-basedproducts,whichtheyrequireforproduction,asdovarioustransportationMaterialcascadingmaximisesthenbecomesbio-basedchemicalBIO-BASEDresourceeffectivenessbyre-products,whichthenbecomesenergyCHEMICALPRODUCTSmodes.Thecomplexnatureofuniversitybuildingswasusingproductstocreatethemostforelectricityandheat30.TheprincipleeconomicvalueovermultipleofconsecutivefunctioningusesofaENERGYFORWhentransportationandenergyconsumptionaredesignedandconstructedtorespectthearea’slifetimesThisapproachtoproductionmaterialorproductisequallyrelevantELECTRICITYreduced,emissionsthatcauseclimatechangeandvernacularheritagewhilstminimisingtheenvironmentalandconsumptionstatesthatenergyforthebuiltenvironment,inparticularimpacthumanhealtharealsolowered.Procuringimpactofconstructionbysourcingandmanufacturingrecoveryshouldbethelastoption,ideallyforconstructionmaterials.ANDHEATmaterialslocallycanenableentrepreneurialactivity,materialslocally.withefficientincinerationprocesses,minimisingcarbonemissions.withthepotentialtoprovideemploymenttotraditionallyunderservedbranchesofsociety,suchaswomen<andyoungpeopleenteringlabourmarketsandfacing<unemployment41.ImageCredit:ZeeshanWaniResponsibleandCASESTUDY:CASESTUDY:HealthyMaterialsCreatingCircularMaterials,CompatibleCross-laminatedsecondarytimber(CLST).KeyglobalorganisationsareencouragingtheuseofwithLife:Acompilationofleadingenvironmentallyresponsible,healthy,lowcarbonproductsindustryresourcestoguidehealthy,Solidtimberwasteistypicallychippedanddowncycledintoproductssuchasparticlereadyforacirculareconomybydeliveringacommonnon-toxicmaterialuseinbuildingsboardandanimalbeddingwithlimitedreclamationofsolidtimberthroughsalvageyards.languageandmulti-attributecriteriathatcanbeusedtoInacirculareconomy,biologicalmaterialsshouldbecascadedthroughreuseandhigh-selectbetterproducts.Foryears,circularitypractitionershaveneededtodevelopvaluerecycling,whichincreasethebuiltenvironment’scapacitytostorebiogeniccarbon,anadvancedknowledgeoftoxicologytobeabletoaskbeforedowncyclingtolower-gradeproductsandeventuallyreturningtothebiosphere.Existingframeworks,suchas‘MindfulMaterials’andtherightquestionsoftheirsupplychaintoexcludeAnexampleofhigh-valuerecyclingisusingrecoveredwoodinmasstimberproductsGBCA’s‘ResponsibleProductsFramework’,haveanythingsuspectedtobeharmfultolife.ToincreasethelikeCLTandglulam,whichcandisplacetheneedforcarbon-intensivevirginmaterials.significantcommonalities,includingsettingoutcriteriaaccessibilityofcircular,sustainableandhealthymaterials,Upcyclewastetimbertoretainitssequesteredcarbonoverthelongterm,andallowlocalrelevantforbuildingproductsandmaterialsbasedontheirexpertsatBrightworksSustainabilityhavepartneredproductionofmasstimberproducts29.impactonpeople,place,andplanet.ThesearebasedonwithvisionaryleadersthroughyearsofstakeholderestablishedindustryprotocolssuchasEPDsandHPDs.engagementandmaterialvettingtoofferthefollowingfreeWhiletheremaybesomedifferencesbetweentoolsandcomprehensiveresources.andsystems,thereisagrowingconsensusonthecoreattributesofaresponsibleproduct.36TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook37AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistMaterialCASESTUDY:Carbon-StoringCASESTUDY:<Take-BackMaterialsProducttake-backmodelsinusein84HarringtonStreetinCapeTown,SouthAfrica,Materialtake-backintoday’smarketsthecommercialrealestatesectorCarbonstorageinconstructionnamedworld’stallesthempbuiltbuildingisoftenorganisedbyamanufacturermaterialsisessentialtoachievingnetorretailertocollectusedproductsThebuiltenvironmenthasasignificantpotentialtoreducecarbonzerocarbontargetswithinthebuilt84HarringtonStreetinCapeTown,SouthAfricaisa12-storeyormaterialsfromconsumersandemissionsthroughcircularpracticesinfit-outs.Abuildingfit-outisenvironment31.Theuseofembodiedbuildingfeaturingatotalof50apartmentsbuiltusinghempcretereintroducethemtotheoriginalaprocesswherebyinteriorbuildingmaterialsandcomponentsarecarbonaccountingtoolstomeasureblocksandhempconstructionmaterials.Hempcretesequestersprocessingandmanufacturingcycle.installed,includingflooring,wallandwindowcoverings,partitions,emissionscanhelpprioritisecarbon-about108kgofCO2whichcanbelockedawayasbiomassperAcompanymayimplementthisdoors,furnitureandequipment.Onaverage,fit-outshappeneverystoringmaterialsinsteadofoffsettingcubicmeterofhempcreteforthelifespanofthebuilding.programmeincollaborationwithend-eightyearsandareresponsibleforathirdofemissionsoverthelifecarbon-emittingmaterials.of-lifelogisticsandmaterialprocessingofabuilding.CASESTUDY:firms45.TheprocessofmaterialCarbondioxidecanbestoredwithintake-backreducestherequirementCASESTUDY:materials,includingthoseusedforCutting-edgetechnologiestowardsfornewmaterialsinproductcreationbuildingsandconstructioninanumbercarbon-neutralconcreteandincentivisesbetterdesignHungaryleadinginnovationofthecircularofways.Twoprominentmethodsfordisassemblyandreusebytheeconomybyenablingthetradeofreclaimedinclude:Concreteisawidelyusedmaterialinthebuiltenvironmentasitismanufacturer.refrigerantsastrong,durable,andversatilematerialthatcanwithstandgreat•Bio-basedmaterialsandproducts–stresseswithoutyielding.Apartfromprovidingstructuralstrength,<TherearemultiplebenefitsforThroughamendmentstothecurrentlegislation,theHungarianwhicharederivedfromlivingconcretecancontributetoenergyefficiencyofbuildingswhenimplementingatake-backprogramme,Governmentisencouragingunitownersandservicecompaniesorganisms:whenaplantdiesandprovidingthermalmassfortheappropriateapplications.including:strongercustomertochoosereclamationasanalternativetodisposalforrecovereddecays,someofthecarbonisTechnologiestodecarboniseconcreteincludethecarboncapturerelationships,lowercostofgoodsfluorinatedgreenhousegases(F-GHG),sothattheyonlybecomestoredinthesoilwhiletherestisinmineralstobeusedaslowemissionrawmaterialingreensoldduetosecondarymaterialsupply,wastewhenabsolutelynecessary.releasedbackintotheatmosphere.cementandtheCarbonCaptureUtilisationandStorageprojectsalternativesupplyofcriticalrawIftheseplantresourcesareinstead(CCUS).Holcim,agloballeaderinthesectorispartneringwithminerals,mitigatedrisksassociatedTheroleoftheExtendedProducerharvestedandconvertedintoaresearchorganisationstofindgloballyscalabletechnologiestowithhazardousmaterialshandlingResponsibility(EPR)buildingproduct,thecarbonisaccelerateindustrialdecarbonisation.andreducedenvironmentalimpacts.effectivelystoredforthelifeoftheThesebenefitscanresultinlowerExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)isanenvironmentalpolicybuilding.39costordiscountstoconsumersapproachunderwhichproducersaregivenasignificantresponsibilitywhentheyparticipate.However–financialand/orphysical–forthecollectionandtreatmentof•Mineralcarbonationorweatheringtheseprogrammescanbecomplexpost-consumerproducts.Assigningsuchresponsibilityinprincipleprocess–wheredissolvedcarbontoimplementasitmaybeamajorprovidesincentivestopreventwasteatthesource,promoteproductdioxidereactswiththemineralsinchallengetoconvertendproductsdesignfortheenvironmentandsupporttheachievementofpublicrocktoproducecarbonate,whichbacktorawmaterial,andthecostofrecyclingandmaterialsmanagementgoals30.isstableoveralongperiodoftimerecyclingmaybehigh.Thesupportofandcanbeusedinconstruction.governmentsisrequiredtoassistinThistechniqueisbeingusedbycreatingthenecessaryinfrastructure,industry-leadingcompaniestoincentivesandwasteregulationstodevelopproductsincludingcementacceleratetheimplementationoftake-bricksandplasterboards32.backprogrammesatscale45.38TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist3.3OvercomingAnalysisfromToovercomethesechallenges,collaborationand<‘Towardsacircularbuiltcommitmentoftheentirevaluechainisrequired:Challenges:environmentinEurope–AHowCanWeSystemsAnalysis’,•ManufacturershaveexpressedtheneedformorefinancialMainstreamthebytheCircularBuildingsCoalition.support.ThiscouldcomefromadditionalcreditlinesforUseofCircularthedevelopmentandimplementationofgreenproductsorMaterials?Althoughmaterialswithcircularfeaturesarerecognisedincentivesfromlocalandnationalgovernments,orincentivesasessentialelements,insupportofsustainableeconomicforthecertificationprocesses.<growthandthedecarbonisationofthebuiltenvironment54,whencomparedtotraditionalmaterialsandproducts,such•Thecompetitivenessofalternativematerialscouldalsomaterialsfacekeychallengesthatinclude:increasebyincorporatingexternalitiesintothepricesofconstructionmaterials.Traditionalandnewmaterialsusually•Complexcertificationprocessesandlackofappropriatedonotreflecttheenvironmentalimpactandthecarbonregulations–thecurrentpoliciesandmandatoryemissions,whichiswhysomecountriesareexploringthemeasuresdonotincentivisetheuseofalternativeideaofextendingcarbonandhealth-relatedtaxes55.materialsatscale.Traditionalproducts´standardsandassessmentmethodsdonotrecogniseallproduct•Themanufacturingsectormustdevelopcertifiedalternativeperformances.Furthermore,thelackofstandardisationmaterialswithcompetitivecostswhilethedemandsideneedsusuallyresultsintheneedformorethanonecertification,tobesufficientlymotivated.Forinstance,thepublicsectorwhichiscostlyandtimeconsuming.couldleadbyexamplebyshowcasingexemplarycircularbuildingsusingthird-partycertificationsoraligningwithbest-•Costcompetitiveness–currentmarketsexperiencein-classinitiativessuchastheupcomingEUTaxonomy.highcostsfortheproductionandcertificationofalternativematerials,lowprofitmarginsandlowcostof•Thedemandforcircularsolutionstobesupportedbyvirginmaterials,whichmakesitdifficultforbuilderstodatabases,platforms,andtheappropriatelogisticstoconnectjustifyusingthem,eveniftheyaremoresustainable.manufacturerswithdevelopers.Databasesprovidedesignersandconstructorswiththeavailabilityoflocal,certifiedalternativeproducts,makingiteasierforthemtoincludeintotheirspecificationsanddecreasecostsandcarbonemissionsduetotransportation.Platformscouldsupporttheconnectionbetweenprovidersandcontractors,andcertainservices(suchasstoragewarehouses)coulddecreasetheamountofwasteandfacilitatetheconstructionprocess.•Oncedatabasesandplatformsareinplace,massdatacaptureofmaterialusecanoccur,whereEnvironmentalProductDeclarations(EPDs)andLifecycleAssessments(LCAs)promotetransparency.40TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook41AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist3.4CalltoActionThischapterexaminesDRIVECIRCULARMATERIALUSE:“‘‘Youcanonlyimprovewhat“Wecannotmovefromasupply“Hazardoussubstancesintheroleofbuildingincreasethedemandforsustainablysourcedandyoumeasure’hasbecomethechaintoasupplycirclewithoutconstructionmaterialsposeprocuredmaterialsandproductswhichpreservemantraofourindustry.Dataensuringourproductsarecreatedasignificanthealthrisktodrivendecisionmakingcompletelyusingsubstancesthatarecommunitiesbothnearproductionandconstructionbiologicaldiversityinnature,whilstensuringitrevolutionisesthesustainabilityconducivetolife.Weshouldtakeasites,tofactory-andconstructionmaterialsinordertosustainseconomicviability.outcomesforcompanies.Datahardlookatthewaywecreateanyworkers,aswellastobuildingdemonstratetheinsightscansignificantlyboostobjectandensureitisalignedwithusersandtheenvironment.ByREDUCETHECONSUMPTIONOFRESOURCES:operationalefficiencies,improvelife’schemistry.”tacklingthelackoftransparencymaterialsthatarepartofexistingbuildingsprocessesandreducewasteandminimisinghazardouswhilstdeliveringcost,rawmaterialJackDinning,SeniorMaterialsSpecialist,substancesinconstruction<feasibilityofcircularareconsideredresourcesforthebuildingsofconsumptionandcarbonsavingsBrightworksmaterials,wecanachievehealthier<tomorrow.Avoidtheproductionanduseofnewaspartofacirculareconomy.”environmentswhileincentivisingeconomyapproachesbuildingmaterialsaswellastheconstructionofthepotentialforreusingandwithinthebuiltnewbuiltassets.DorotaBacal,SustainabilityandupcyclingproductsinfutureInnovationLead,VinZerocycles.”environment,withLOCALISETHESUPPLYCHAIN:thefollowingcallstolocalisingthesupplychainandprocuringmaterialsRikkeBjerregaardOrry,SustainabilityandproductslocallyrepresentsatremendousDirector,RambollBuildingsactionforindustry:opportunitytohelptheenvironmentandthelocaleconomy.42TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook43AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist04ThischapterexaminesdesignandconstructionpracticesintheDESIGNANDcirculareconomy,analysingandpresentingstrategiesinactionRETROFITfromacrosstheglobalbuiltenvironment.<<Designingacircularbuildingwillprincipallymeanthatnobuildingassetattheendofitslifecyclewillbecomewaste,butwillinsteadremainincorporatedinthesupplychain.“Circularityinthebuiltenvironmentreferstotheconceptofdesigningandoperatingbuildings,infrastructure,andotherconstructedspacesinawaythatmimicstheclosed-loopsystemsfoundinnature.”TowardsacircularbuiltenvironmentinEurope-ASystemsAnalysis,CircularBuildingsCoalition44TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook45AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist4.1CircularBuildingDesignforReuseOverMultipleLifeTimesDesignandConstructionInbuiltenvironmentdesign,buildingStrategiesreuse(alsocalledadaptivereuse)referstotherepurposingofanexistingbuildingDesignersofbuildingsorstructureforanewpurpose,avoidingtheuseofnewbuildingcomponentsandandinfrastructurepartswhenmoresustainableapproachesareachievable.Buildingreusestrategiesarewell-placedtominimiseemissionsandmaterialuse,reduceconstructionwastewhilechallengebusiness-mitigatingsocialchallengesrelatedtourbansprawl.Duringdesign,considering<as-usualapproachestheadaptabilitypotentialofthebuilding<andunleashforward-duringitsoperationalphaseisessential,asthefunctionallifespanofbuildingsislookingdesignsthatrelativelyshortversusitsphysicalcapacitytoexistinasafemanner57.DesignmustconsidertheentireLinkingNetZeroandCircularity:consciouslyfacilitatethelongerfunctionalModularConstructionuseandeaseofmaintenanceofbuildinglifecycleofanasset.TheimplementationofcirculardesignprinciplesisanessentialproductsandpartstokeepthematahighModularconstructionisakeycomponentofdesignforreusepartofthesolutionforanetzerocarbonfuture.Whileindustryvalueovermultiplelifetimes.throughacircularbuiltenvironment,asstandardisedbuildingCirculardesignandconstructionoffershastraditionallyfocusedonaddressingoperationalcarbon,partsareeasiertorepairandmaintain,disassembleandrelocateextensiveenvironmentalopportunitiesincreasedeffortstotackleembodiedcarbonemissionsataMaterialswhichposeapotentialriskorrefurbishforreuse.Thedemandforrawmaterialsandenergyandsocio-economicbenefitsiftheglobalscalemustnowbeequallyprioritised.tohumanhealtharelikelytopreventisreducedduringtheproductionofnewunitswithinaclosedappropriatedesignandconstructionthereusabilityofbuildingproductsinfactoryenvironmentratherthanatanopenconstructionsitestrategiesareimplemented.InpracticalWorldGBC’sWholeLifeCarbonVisioncallsforallnewbuildingsthefuture,thusimpedingonthevalue(whichcouldbepronetoexternaldisturbances)andasaresultterms,itrequiresallstakeholderstobenetzerocarboninoperationandallnewbuildings,retentionpotential.Preventingtheusetheproductionwasteismoreeasilyreducedduetomorecontrolincludinginvestors,clients,developersinfrastructureandrenovationstohaveatleast40%lessofmaterialsandproductsthathaveovermaterialrecyclingandtheprotectionofbuildingmaterials.anddesignteamstotakealonger-termembodiedcarbonwithsignificantupfrontcarbonreductionbyanegativeimpactonthehealthandTherefurbishmentofmodularbuildingunitsandtheirpartsview,consideringthepast,present2030.By2050,allnewbuildings,infrastructureandrenovationswellbeingofbuildingoccupantsandratherthanthereplacementoftheentireunit(orbuilding)leadsandfutureuseofabuilding’sproductsmusthavenetzeroembodiedcarbon.workersisfundamentaltocirculardesign.toextendedproductlifetimes,reducingthenumberofbuildingandcomponents–includinghowtoExistingbuildingsmaycontainhazardousproductsdisposedofprematurely.procure,maintainandretaintheirvaluematerials,presentinglong-termhumanandusefulnessovermultiplelifetimes.healthrisks;hazardousmaterialsmust47beidentifiedinadvanceofconstructiontopreventaccidentalexposurefortheoccupants.Hazardousmaterialsinclude:asbestos,lead,polychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs),chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)andheavymetalsamongothers58.46TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistDesignforDisassemblyandDeconstructionItisimportantatanearlystageinStrategiesthatpromotethereuse,commonandsimilarfasteners(e.g.thedesignprocesstodesignfortherepurposingandrecyclingofproductsscrews)willrequireonlyafewstandarddisassemblyanddeconstructionoftheandcomponentsmustbeprioritisedtools,simplifyingandimprovingthebuildinginordertorecovertheresidualoverdemolitiononaprinciplebasis.speedofdisassembly.Importantly,valueoftheassetatitsend-of-lifestage.DeconstructionisamoreresourceupskillingandandtrainingaroundDesigningfordisassemblyshouldcreateefficientalternativeasitinvolvesthedisassemblyanddeconstructionwillbuildingsthatfunctionasmaterialselectivedismantlingandremovalofhelpcontractorsunderstandhowbanks,eliminatewaste,andareeasytomaterialsandproductsfrombuildingsbesttodisassembleandreassemblemaintain,retrofit,andreuse.whileretainingtheoriginalvalueofbuildingcomponents33.buildingcomponents.CASESTUDY:CASESTUDY:CASESTUDY:DemolitioniscommonplaceintheconstructionindustryandthewasteitDesigningfordisassemblyandgeneratesiscatastrophic,makingthedeconstructioninvolvessomeseparationofmaterialstreams,andthestraightforwardtactics:thefewerpartsconsequentreuseofthemdifficulttoyouuse,thefewerpartstherearetofacilitate.takeapart,andadditionallytheuseof<QuayQuarterTower,BurwoodBrickworksCanada’slargestAccordingtotheISO2088761:<SydneyAustralia-ShoppingCentre,heritagerehabilitationSustainabilityinbuildingsandcivilengineeringworks—DesignforsettingaglobalAustralia-anindustryprojectdisassemblyandadaptability,thefollowingprinciplesshouldbebenchmarkforadaptiveleadingsustainableCanada’s100-year-oldparliamentconsideredwhendesigningfor:reuseretaildesignandbuilding,CentreBlockinOttawa,•Disassembly:constructionisundergoinganextraordinaryDesignedandconstructedretrofitthatblendsheritage1.Easeofaccess,tohaveanet-positiveoratDevelopedbyFrasersPropertyconservationwithsensitive2.Independence,leastanet-zeroimpactonAustralia,theBurwoodcontemporaryinterventions3.Avoidanceofunnecessarytreatmentsandfinishes,theenvironment,ratherthanBrickworksShoppingCentreincludingseismicupgrades,4.Supportingreusebusinessmodels,beingdemolished,theexistingprojectteamconducted‘healthy’modernisedbuildingsystems,5.Simplicity,commercialskyscraperwasmaterialsresearchtocreateaandnewspacestosupport6.Standardisation,upcycled,retainingmorethanfreelyavailableresourceknownparliamentaryoperations.7.Safetyofdisassembly60%ofitsexistingstructureandastheGreensheetfortheextendingtheasset’sdesignAustralianmarket.•Adaptability:lifeby50years.In2022,the1.Versatility,2.ConvertibilityprojectwontheWorldBuilding3.ExpandabilityoftheYearawardattheWorldArchitectureFestivalinLisbon.48TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook49AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistCASESTUDY:DesignOutWastemanagementplansforconstructionmustbepreparedintheearlystagesofaproject,consideringwasteasavaluablePyörreHouse,Finland-thefirstFinnishbuildingImplementingcirculareconomyprinciplesandapproachesresource.EnvironmentalimpactsarereducedwhenthedesignedandconstructedtotesttheEU’sisessentialwhendesigningoutwaste.Byusingresourcescontractordivertsatargetedpercentageofconstructionanddesigncriteriaforadaptability,disassemblyandefficientlyfromthedesignstage,theaimistoplantousedemolitionwastefromlandfill.Equally,anappropriateplanrecyclabilityavailablematerialsasefficientlyaspossibleinordertoforoperationalwasteshouldbepreparedthatensurestheminimisetheamountusedduringanasset’sconstructionandbuildingdesignincludesadequatelysizedwastestoragePyörreHouseisasteel-framedsingle-storeydetachedhousebuiltforoperation.34.areastofacilitateefficient,safeseparation,collectionandtheLohjaHousingFairin2021.Thebuildinghas227m2offloorspacerecovery.andtheprimaryconstructionismadeofsteel.ThehousehasbeenSustainablewastemanagementclosestheloopthroughthedesignedandconstructedtoembracelow-carboncircularprinciplesreuseandrecyclingofasmuchwasteaspossible,allowingitAcirculareconomyisnotpossiblewithoutsustainablewasteandstrategiesandofallthematerialsusedontheproject,itismadetore-entertheeconomyinsteadofbeingsenttoalandfill.managementsystems.Adoptingazero-to-landfillapproachupof22.1%recycled,15.3%renewableand62.6%non-renewableAcirculareconomydependsuponusingmaterialstotheirisaspecific,measurableandachievabletarget.Howeveritmaterials.Thedesignteamcarefullymappedtheuseofmaterialsmostefficientextent,andwastemanagementisthelaststepisalsoessentialtohavetransparent,publisheddataontheandbuildingcomponentsfortheproject,exploringwaysinwhichtheinthatprocess61.recoveryanddestinationmarketsavailableforallmaterialsbuildingcouldretainitsvalueandusefulnessoverthelongterm.andproducts.Wherewasteisinevitableandproductsarenotpractically<reusable,carefulconsiderationmustbegiventoachieveoptimumuseofallwastestreams.Bestpracticewaste<CASESTUDY:TheWasteHierarchy:PREVENTIONPRODUCT(NON-WASTE)Minimisingwasteatdeconstruction,KāingaOraInordertominimisenegativeimpactsPREPARINGFORREUSEWASTE–HomesandCommunitiesofwaste,theWasteHierarchywasRECYCLINGproposedasamodeltoestablishRECOVERYConstructionanddemolitionwastemayrepresentupto50%(6preferredprogrammeprioritiesandDISPOSALmilliontonnesperyear)ofallwastetolandfillsinNewZealand.evaluateprocessesthatprotectConsequently,themunicipalityofKāingaOraestablishedanresources.ambitiousdeconstructionanddemolitionprogramme,whichaimstoreuseorrecycleupto80%,ormore,ofuncontaminatedmaterialsTheEuropeanCommission,forbyweightinAucklandandNorthlanddevelopmentareas,and60%instance,developedafive-stepofuncontaminatedmaterialsinallotherregions.“wastehierarchy”fortheEUWasteFrameworkDirective,inwhichpreventingwasteisthepreferredoption,andsendingwastetolandfillshouldbethelastresort35:50TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook51AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistCASESTUDY:4.2Overcoming•Tacklinglinearmindsets:additionalstoragecostswhenprojectDesigningtocloseloopsisatimingisnotaligned.Youcan’timprovewhatyoudon’tmeasure,theChallengeswhenrelativelynewconceptformarketPetinelliheadquartersinBrazilleadsbyexample:Designingastakeholders.Clients,designersandToovercomethesechallenges,theCircularBuildingcontractorshavethechallengeoffollowingrecommendationsareTheCuritibaheadquartersofBrazilianengineeringandgreenbuildingculturallyembracingnot-brand-newprovidedtothemanufacturingindustry,consultingfirmPetinelli,wasthefirstbuildingtocertifyusingLEEDZero,aThereareunavoidableassetsandproducts,promotingdesignersanddeveloperstoofferprogrammewhichtracksnetzeroperformanceinthecategoriesofwaste,barrierstobefacedunderstandingthatqualityisnotguidancearoundcommonchallengeswater,energyandcarbon.InadditiontoachievingLEEDZeroWaste,theintermsofdesigningcompromised,andmeetingprojectfacedwhenlookingtodevelopafullybuildinghasalsoachievedambitiousnetzerotargetssetforenergyandandconstructingatimingsandbudget.circularbuilding:water.circularbuildingorasset,withprominent•Appropriatetools:1.Settingalignedinterimtargets:CASESTUDY:examplesincluding:CircularbuildingdesignrequirestheThepublicsectorcanpromotethesupportsoftwareandmodellingdevelopmentofcircularbuildingsJPMorganChaseHQ-NewYorkCity’sfirstall-electric,toolsthatincorporatelifecycledata,atscalebysettinguptargetsandincludingperformance(structural,facilitatingthecollaborationofthe<circularandnet-zeroskyscraperthermal,etc),lifespans,maintenancevaluechain.Regionalattempts,such<andreplacementrequirements,astheTaxonomies,aresendingLocatedattheheartofManhattan,Foster+Partnersconceptualisedthisembodiedcarbon,etc.WhilemanysignalsonthequantitativegoalsandBuildingInformationModelling(BIM)thetimelinesthatpublicauthoritiesbuildingasthecity’sfirstall-electrictower,withaprogrammethatprioritisestoolsareworkingonincorporatingshouldaimfor.Localauthoritiesthisinformation,theyarestillmayreferenceandadapttheseemployeewellnessandsustainability.exemplaryandnotyetacommontoalignwiththelocalneedsonpractice.climatemitigation,adaptationandsustainabilitygoals.•Supportingregulations:Currentregulationscanbean2.Financialsupport:obstacletodesigningwithcertainFinancialproductsforinnovationmaterials,whichdiscouragetheandincentivescansupportthetransitiontoafullycircularmindset.developmentofplatforms,simulationFurthermore,theyoftendonotfostertools,trainingprogrammesandmorelocalmarketstoachieveambitiousexemplaryprojectstoboostcircularcircularandenvironmentaltargets.buildingsatscale.•Costcompetitiveness:3.Sharingknowledgeanddata:ThelackofcostcompetitivenessUpskilledprofessionals,aswellasofalternativematerials,theneedcreatingasocietythatembracesforadditionaltoolstodesignandcircularity,areessentialtoavoidthelackofexpandedknowledgeonunnecessarynewproductsandcircularpracticescanincreasetheassetsandminimisewaste.costofcircularprojects.CircularProfessionalscansupportdataeconomiesincludeadditionallabourcollectionandreporttransparency.costsfordeconstruction,sortingandreuse,andtherearetypically5352TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookAboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist4.3CalltoCHALLENGESHORT-TERMTHINKING:“Adoptingcircularityinthebuiltenvironmentisessentialtoachievearegenerativebalance,byfacilitatingthedecarbonisationoftheindustry,limitingActionAllstakeholdersincludinginvestors,clients,developersandfiniterawmaterialsextractionandwasteproductionallwhilestayingwithindesignteamsmusttakealonger-termview,consideringtheplanetaryboundaries.”past,presentandfutureuseofabuilding’sproductsandcomponents–includinghowtoprocure,maintainandretainChrisTrott,PartnerHeadofSustainability,Foster+Partnerstheirvalueandusefulnessovermultiplelifetimes.“Acircularbuiltenvironmentcan,notonlydriveenvironmentalstewardshipbyDESIGNFORREUSEOVERMULTIPLELIFETIMES:reducingthenegativeimpactslinkedtooverconsumptionofbuildingmaterials,butalsoitwillfostersocialequitybyupskillinglocalworkforcesandsupportThischapterDesignmustconsciouslyfacilitatethelongerfunctionalusesustainablegrowthandresilienceofthesector.”hasexaminedandeaseofmaintenanceofbuildingproductsandpartstostrategiesforcircularkeepthematahighvalueovermultiplelifetimes.ModularityHeleneCarpentier,GlobalHeadofCircularEconomy&ZeroWaste,CBREisakeycomponentofdesigninacircularbuiltenvironment,asstandardisedbuildingpartsareeasiertorepairandbuildingdesignmaintain,disassembleandrelocateorrefurbishforreuse.andconstruction,DESIGNFORDISASSEMBLYANDDECONSTRUCTION:presentingtheDesigningfordisassemblyanddeconstructionshouldcreate<followingcallstobuildingsthatfunctionasamaterialbank,eliminatewaste,andareeasytomaintain,retrofit,andreuse.<actionforindustry:DESIGNOUTWASTE:Implementingcirculareconomyprinciplesandapproachesisessentialwhendesigningoutwaste.Byusingresourcesefficientlyfromthedesignstage,theaimistoplantouseavailablematerialsasefficientlyaspossibleinordertominimisetheamountusedduringanasset’sconstructionandoperation.Adoptingazero-to-landfillapproachisaspecific,measurableandachievabletarget.54TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook55AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist05ThischapterexamineshowthebuiltenvironmentcangaininspirationfromnaturalREGENERATEsystemstoimplementcirculareconomysolutionsatscale.NATUREAregenerativemodelemulatesnaturalGrowingpublicawarenessisputting<systems,prioritisingbothpeoplepressureonbusinessestohelpreverse<andplanet,andsupportsnaturaltheglobalbiodiversitycrisis.Manyregionsprocesseswhichallownaturetoareaddressingbiodiversitythroughlocalthrive.planningpoliciesandrequirements,suchasbiodiversitynetgainandoffsettingSpeciesaredyingoutataratenotseensinceregulations,greenroofbylawsandurbanthelastmassextinction66millionyearsecologytargets56.AttheUNBiodiversityago36,andourgrowingworldpopulationConferenceCOP152022,theparticipatingandresource-intensiveeconomiesarenationsadoptedtheKunming-MontrealhavingavastlynegativeimpactontheGlobalBiodiversityFrameworkagreeingtoplanet’sbiodiversity,landuse,andrenewableconserveandmanageatleast30%ofthefreshwaterresources37.Everyyeartheworld’slands,inlandwaters,coastalareasplanet’ssafeenvironmentallimitsareandoceans,withemphasisonareasofexceeded.TheCircularGapReport2023particularimportanceforbiodiversityandprovidesasimplemessage,“Ourcurrentecosystemfunctioningandservices38.developmentisnotsafe.Notfortheplanet,norforpeople”.Today,fiveoftheninekey‘planetaryboundaries’thatmeasureenvironmentalhealthacrossland,waterandairhavebeenbroken.Acirculareconomycouldsubstantiallyaddressthisbyreducingglobalmaterialextractionandusebyone-third.ImageCredit:ChrisLawton56TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookTHEPLANETARYBOUNDARIES:Theplanetaryboundariesconceptpresentsasetofnineplanetaryboundarieswithinwhichhumanitycancontinuetodevelopandthriveforgenerationstocome.Crossingtheseboundariesincreasestheriskofgeneratinglarge-scaleabruptorirreversibleenvironmentalchanges39.57AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist5.1Byimplementingnature-basedsolutionsourcitiescancloseInspirationfromNatureandmaterialloopswhilerestoringNature-BasedSolutionstherelationshipbetweencitiesandnaturalsystems.ThebuiltenvironmentNothingiswastedinnature.TheAcircularbuiltenvironmentaimstohasusednatureasanavoidance,orsignificantreduction,ofintegratenature-basedsolutionsinwasteinourcitiesiskeytoachieveordertocloseresourceloopsandinspirationformanythesustainabledevelopmentthatwillreducenewresourceconsumption.applications.Citiesguaranteeahealthyfuture.Nature-BasedSolutionscanalsolowerRecentstudieshavequantifiedtheenergydemandforbuildings,when<passivedesignapproachesminimiseandbuildingsvalueprovidedbynatureinthebuilttherequirementsforheating,coolingandventilation.Ataneighbourhoodenvironment,usingnaturalcapitalasascale,greencorridorsinurbanareascouldextendthetoolthatenablesustoplaceafinancial<useofnature-basedvalueontheinvaluablenaturalservicesprinciplesevenfurther,providedbyourplanet.NaturalcapitalcouldmitigatetheurbanheatislandbydevelopingisvaluedatUSD$145trillion/year,effectwhileimprovingairquality.NBSsolutionsinspiredbytwiceasmuchastheglobalaggregateshouldbeintegratedintoclimateGDP40.Intherealestatesector,thereresiliencemeasuresaswell.Notablyinisanopportunitytoenhancenaturalcoastallocations;byusingvegetationnaturalcycles.capitalbysupportingNature-Basedtheshorelineisstabilised,soilerosionSolutions(NBS).NBSaresustainableisreducedandtheriskoffloodingplanning,design,environmentalisminimisedwhilstsafeguardingmanagementandengineeringecosystemservicesandallowingpracticesthatweavenaturalfeaturesornaturetoregenerateandthrive.processesintothebuiltenvironmenttopromoteadaptationandresilience.58TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook59AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistBiomimicry-BringingNature’sBestPracticestotheBuiltEnvironmentFivecenturiesago,LeonardodaVinciandabundantresources;asbonesaredifficulttoreuseandrecycle.urgedhisstudentsto“seektheirlessonsarerenewedfromtheremnantsofImaginethatthefibresandtheCASESTUDY:innature”.Today,thisapproachisatheiroldstructure.BuildingscanmatrixofourcompositeswereMODULATIO’designsbiomimicrysolutionsforindustry.structuredmethodology:biomimicry.mimicthesefeaturesandinsteadmadeofoneandthesamematerial,Withinastructure,stressisnotdistributedevenly:Itisbothaschoolofthoughtandaofextractinghugeamountsofrarebutorganisedindifferentways,sosomeareasmustwithstandconsiderableloads,whileothershavemoderateorlittleforceexerteduponscientificandtechnologicaldiscipline:and/ornonrenewablematerialsatthatattheendoftheirlife,productsthem.So,thequestionis:whyusethesamedensityofmaterialeverywhere?Inspiredbythisquestion,itisbasedontheprincipleofusinggreatdistancesfromwheretheyarewouldonceagainbecomerawMODULATIO’createdasolutioninspiredbynatureandreplicablewithdifferentmaterials:TheAlveolarandnatureasamodeltomeetsustainablerequired,analysingwhichstructuresmaterialandreusable.LatticeStructureswithVariationofEffortandDensity(SALVED).developmentchallenges,andaaremoreefficientrequiresfewerCASESTUDY:combinationofbiologyandtechnologymaterialsthatcanbelocally•Innature,resourcesareusedandApplePark-Acampustopromotetosolvehumanproblemsbytransferringsourced.reusedoverandover.creativity,innovationandwellbeing.modelsfromlivingorganisms.Indeed,Whenwintercomes,treeleavesTheApplePark,inCupertinoCalifornia,wasconceivedasaprojectfullyconnectedwithnaturethesemodelshavebeentestedand•Prioritisingresiliencerather-havingfulfilledtheirmultiple-itslandscapeandbuildingsareallencompassedbyflowingparklandthatenhancesthebuildingsasvalidatedby3.8billionyearsofevolutionthanmaximisingperformance.functions-donotjustbecomeplacestosocialise,exerciseandwork.Thecampusispoweredby100%renewableenergy,andistheandselection.Livingthingsusemultifunctionalwastebut,onthecontrary,astocklargestLEEDPlatinum-certifiedofficebuildinginNorthAmerica.<Biomimicryisnotonlyaboutlearningsolutions(theleafofthetreeisfoodforlocalanimalswhose<bothasolarpanel,anevaporator,excrementwillfeedthesymbiontfromtheresultsofevolution(suchandaninsulatingparasol),thatmicro-organismsofthetree,while,asform,function,orrelationship),butareredundant(treesdonothaveafterseverallives,theconstituentsalsoaboutlearningfromtheprocessasingle,super-efficientleaf),andoftheleafwillreturntothetree,ofevolution(suchascollectivedecentralised(aleafdoesnotneedfollowingcompletecycles.Weintelligence),andtheevolutionsuccessthetreetosignanorderformforittodreamofahumanproductionparameters(suchaspermanentreuse).capturesolarenergy).IfwedesignsystemswhichiscapableofdoingItisasystemicapproachthatplacesusaccordingtotheseprinciples,ourthesame:makingthingsthatcanwithinourecosystem.buildingswillhavealongerlifespanbedisassembled,reusedseparatelyandwillevenbeabletohaveseveralfornewuses,andthenrecycledtoThebiomimeticapproachappliesthesuccessivelives(officestoday,provideastockofrawmaterials.principlesoflivingthings’effectivenesshomestomorrow,shopsthedaytothedesignofproducts,buildings,aftertomorrow)becausetheywillbeExamplesofbiomimicryinnovationsareservices,orevenorganisations.Formulti-purpose.alreadynumerous,fromvelcrotoaircraftexample:wingletsandglueforsurgicaluse.The•Naturetendstousesimpleconstructionsectorcouldwellbewhere•Natureusesonlythequantityofmaterialstopromotebiomimicrywillhavethemostimpactmatternecessary.Forinstance,thedecompositionattheendoflife.tomorrow.ImageCredit:CarlesRabadaalveolarstructuresofbonesallowConversely,humankindproducesthemtobebothsolidandlight,whileobjectscomposedofsophisticateddrawinglocallyfromrenewableandheterogeneousmixturesthat60TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook61AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist5.2RegenerativeCitiesUrbanisationiswellasitsresilience.Insteadofurbangrowingatansprawlandexpandingonvirginland,regenerativeurbandevelopmentshouldunprecedentedallowfordensercitiesbyredevelopingrate,whichcontributesandregeneratingtheexistingurbansignificantlytothefabric,restoringtherelationshipbetweenresource-dependentcitiesandthenaturalsystems.<climatecrisisandUrbanregenerationprojectsshouldCASESTUDY:CASESTUDY:<focusonmakingcitiesmorepeople-biodiversityloss.Citiescentred,andincreasinglyfunctionalMakingthecaseforcleanLaBordasocialhousingcomplexinholdmanypotentialforthecommunity42.Whenourcitiesconstruction:MexicoCity.Barcelona.solutionstoreverseareplannedwellandwithambitiousTheGreenFactorMethodImplementingcleanconstructionprinciplesispartoftheCo-operativeinvolvementwascrucialfordefiningthethesetrends.policies,theycanreducehumanity’ssolutiontocreategreener,moreequitableandliveableproject’senvironmentalstrategies;theparticipationenvironmentalimpactsastheymeetcities.SincesigningtheC40CleanBuildingAcceleratorofthebuildingoccupantsinallphases,fromthehumanneedsmoreefficientlyandfindin2020,MexicoCityhasintegratedambitiouscleandesigntotheconstructionandfurtheroperationalbuildingstrategieswhichinclusivelyaddressthemanagement,wasessential.LaBordasocialhousingCitiesaccountforanestimatedsynergiesbetweenurbandevelopmentManycitiesincountriesliketheimpactsofourbuiltenvironmentonourcarboncomplexinBarcelonawasdrivenbyitsfocuson80%ofglobalGDPandconsumeandnatureconservation.UK,Germany,Sweden,Finlandfootprint,andclimateandsocialresilience.Rigorouscommunity,proposinganewparadigminsocialequityassessments,citizenengagementanddatahousingfocussingonthebasicsofsocial,communalalmosthalftheresourcesextractedandtheUSareusingtheGreenanalysishasbeenconductedandinturnarecreatingspaces.Thebuildingisthehighestconstructedenablingconditionsforthecitytoscaleupitscleanbuildingfromcross-laminatedtimber(CLT)inSpain.globally40.SustainablecitiesmustFactorMethodtoensurethatconstructionefforts.CLTiswell-knownforitscarbonsequestrationbenefitsandtypicallyshorterconstructionperiodberegenerative,withtheabilitytourbanregenerationprojectsrequired.regeneratethenaturalresourcesmaximisethemultiplebenefitsImageCredit:AlexisTostadoconsumed.Forexample,foodsuppliesofgreenandblueinfrastructurecouldbesupplementedthroughurbanindeliveringresilient,healthyandagriculture,energythroughsolarenvironmentallyfriendlycities.rooftops,geothermalandbio-waste,TheGreenFactorMethodisatoolandwaterthroughstormwaterusedtomitigatetheeffectsofcollectionattheneighbourhoodscale.constructionbyensuringsufficientThisenhancedecosystemservicequantityandqualityofgreenandinfrastructurewithintheurbanareaimprovesthecity’sself-sufficiencyasblueinfrastructure.62TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook0463AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist5.3RegenerationofNature-5.4CalltoActionUnderstandingtheKeyChallengesThereareunavoidableKnowledgeGaps:Financingandfunding:ThischapterGaininspirationfromnature:barrierstobefacedThereareknowledgegapsregardingtheCitiesoftenlackfunds,potentiallyasexamineshowthenothingiswastedinnature.Byimplementingnature-basedsolutionsourcitiesintermsofdesigninglong-termeffectivenessofnature-basedaresultofthestructureofmunicipalbuiltenvironmentcancanclosematerialloopswhilerestoringtherelationshipbetweencitiesandandregenerativesolutionsforclimaterevenuesandspending.Areportbythesupportregenerationnaturalsystems.changemitigationandadaptation.OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationofnaturalsystemsthroughtheProtectwaterresources:promotewaterefficiencyandqualityatallstagesoftheCurrentresearchisstillinconclusiveandDevelopment(OECD)highlightsimplementationbuildinglifecycle,andincludewaterusewithinthereportingconductedduringatheroleprivateinvestmentscanplayofcirculareconomybuilding’sconstructionandoperationphases.andconstructingaandincompleteonaseriesofaspects,tofillfundinggapsprovidedcertainsolutionsatscalecircularassetfortheincludingtheeffectivenessofnature-conditionsaremet44.andinalignmentwith‘Itisvitalthatallstakeholdersembraceacirculareconomycallstoactionforandwholelifecarbonprinciplestodisruptexistingwastefulbasedsolutions(forinstance,asregardsindustry.practicesatallstagesofaproject–theopportunitiesto<regenerationofnature,topositiveeffectsonhumanhealthandinnovateareendless…’<wellbeingorthecomparativemeritsofDavidLeversha,LeaderofWSPProperty&BuildingsGlobalNetZeroCarbonnetwork,WSPprominentexamplesvariousapproachesinthelongterm)42.include:Implementation:Animportantelementinanintegratedapproachtoscalingupsolutionsaremeasurestoensurethatotherunwantedsocialandenvironmentalconsequencesareavoidedoverthelong-term.Standardsshouldbeconsideredwhenimplementingsolutionsatscale,outliningtherequirementsthatneedtomeetacertainlevelofqualityandserveasabasisforassessingcomplianceorquality,includingrespectfortherightsofindigenouspeoplesandlocalcommunities,includingtolandandnaturalresources43.ImageCredit:AlexGalperin64TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook65AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist06Thischapterpresentsahigh-levelsummaryofthevaluepropositionLEVERSFORforacircularbuiltenvironment,alongsideananalysisoftheCHANGEenablingstrategiesandactionsrequiredacrossthevaluechaintoclosematerialloops.<<ImageCredit:MarkStoop66TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook67AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist6.1ThevaluepropositionforacircularbuiltenvironmentBuildingthebusinesscaseBenefitstogovernment,businessandcitizensfromtransitioningtoacirculareconomyInordertostimulateaProductasaService(PAAS):GOVERNMENTBUSINESSCITIZENSlarge-scaletransition,stakeholdersfromService-basedbusinessmodelscanincreasetheutilisationofReducedwastefromconstructionandAssigningvaluetoexistingprocessedEnablefuturetenantstoadaptthespacetoacrosstheentireunderusedproducts,componentsandbuildings81.Ratherthanprocuringademolitionworksmaterials,creatinganewmarketfortheiranticipatedneedsproduct,businessesandgovernmentscanalsoprocurethe‘use’ofaproduct.otherwisedisposableproductsandThiscanincentivisethesuppliertolengthenthelifespanofaproductandreuseSocialvaluecreationthroughdevelopmentnewjobsinthesectorReducedcostsoverthewholelifeoftake-backinfrastructure,materialsupplychainmustbeitmultipletimes.storageandemploymentopportunitiesBenefitsofmodulardesignasanContributestoimprovedhealthandimprovementtotheefficiencyofthewellbeingforbuildingusersthrough‘circularready’toplayReducedembodiedcarbonemissionsconstructionprocessmaterialingredienttransparencyandfromthebuildingandconstructionsector(lesswaste,faster=cheaper)optimisationtheirpartinawiderCASESTUDY:<CompliancewithenvironmentalandsocialRecoveryofanasset’svalueatendBenefitsfromgreenandblue<systemicchange.legislationofservicelife,enablingfuturereuseofinfrastructure,reducedairpollution,buildingcomponentsandlowerextractionreducedhazardousmaterialsinbuildingsThiswillrequireaBuildasustainablesupplychainforthecostsfuturecompellingvalueLightingasaServiceReducedmaterialextractionandmoreRemovalofhazardoussubstancesinpropositionforefficientuseofnaturalresourcesbytheproductscontributestoimprovedhealthLightingasaService(LaaS)isabusinessmodelinwhichlightingistreatedbuildingandconstructionsectorandwellbeinginthematerialproductionindustryandtothefuturereusabilityallbuiltenvironmentasaserviceandacontractissetbasedonasubscription.ThemodelSustainableprocurementintiativespotentialofmaterialsactors,inbothenablescustomerstoreduceinstallationandmaintenancecostwhilesignificantlyreducingCO2emissions.RecognitionthroughsustainabilitybenchmarkingschemespublicandprivateTosupportthesegoals,Signify,aworldleaderinlighting,created“ALight”-Controlofcostsbyadoptingawidersectors.aprojectdesignedspecificallytohelpreducethebuildingcarbonfootprintofapproachtowholelifecostingthecompanyAirLiquid,whileachievingeconomicalsavings,andimprovingEffectivemanagementofriskandtheworkspaceenvironmentwithhighqualitylighting.reputationImageCredit:SebastianoPiazziAkeypartofthebusinesscaseforESGreportingopportunitycirculareconomy-aswellasbeinganenablerofaclosed-loopfuture-istheuseofinnovativebusinessmodels,suchasProductasaService.68TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookFormoreinformationonthebusinesscaseforcirculareconomyinthebuiltenvironment,pleasesee‘Thebusinesscaseforcircularbuildings:Exploringtheeconomic,environmentalandsocialvalue’report(WBCSD,2021).69AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist6.2EnablingValueConsumershavethepowertomakeCircularProcurementCASESTUDY:CASESTUDY:choicesthatembodycorecircularityChainActionforaprinciples,suchaspurchasingreusedThepublicsectorcancreateaArdenPrecinct–circulareconomyACity´sLeadershiptounlockfullCircularFutureorrecycledproducts,orselectingnon-thrivingenvironmentforacircularembeddedintomasterplanningandcircularitypotential–SanFrancisco.toxicproductsthatcanbekeptinaeconomy.Thiscanalsogeneratebuildingdesign.Everyonecancatalyseclosed-loopsystem.However,inorderlocalemployment,byestablishingWiththegoaltobeanetzerocarboncityby2040actiontowardsatostimulatealarge-scaletransition,procurementpoliciesandpracticesThroughtheadoptionofcirculareconomyprinciples,withoutthepurchaseofoffsets,theCityofSancirculareconomy.acompellingvaluepropositionmustthatcallprimarilyfortheuseofcircularapioneeringprecinct-widewastemanagementFranciscohasseenincircularityanopportunitybecreatedforsimultaneousandproducts.CitygovernmentshavelargeplanhasbeendevelopedfortheArdenPrecinctintooptimiseresourcesandtackleclimatechange.ambitiousactionfromgovernments,purchasingpowerwhichgivesthemthenorthofMelbourne,Australia.This44.6-hectareThevisionwaskey:whiletheprivatesectorisakeybusinessesandcitizens.theabilitytocreatedemandandshiftdevelopmentwillaccommodate34,000jobsandinnovatoranddeveloper,thepublicsectorneedstobethemarkettonewwaysofproviding15,000residents.Itaspirestosetthestandardforbestafacilitatortoovercomeobstacles.Theprivatesectorcanimplementproductsandservices.InEurope,practiceinsustainableurbanrenewal,aimingtobecomeandexecutesustainabilityactionspublicprocurementmakesup14%ofMelbourne’sfirstcircularandtowardzerowasteSanFranciscoco-ledthedevelopmentofthethatgobeyondlocalandnationalGDP(EUR2trillionannually),whilstinprecinct,inlinewithnet-zerocarbonemissionstargetsadvancingtowardzerowastedeclarationinpolicyrequirements,makingfast,developingcountriesitisaround30%44.by2040.2018,whichaimstoreducedisposaltolandfillorindependentdecisionsfortheirincinerationby50%by2030,usinga2015baselineandreducethegenerationofmaterialsby15%.Afterownvaluechains.ThismakesthemLocalisingthesupplychainandprevention,theCitybelievesthatmaterialreuseandmarketsarecriticalforcircularity.Therefore,thegoalinnovationdrivers,andoneoftheprocuringmaterialsandproductsistoensurethatthereisinfrastructureinplacetosupportanyrequirements.Theapproachistobolsterreasonswhybusinessesaroundthelocallyrepresentsatremendousthreedistinctareas:<worldhavebeenearlyadoptersoftheopportunitytohelptheenvironment1.Thenetworkofsuppliersandreceivers<circulareconomymodel82.andlocaleconomy,particularlyinless-2.AvirtualinventoryandassetmanagementThepublicsectorcancreateandevelopedcountries.Thedevelopmentplatformenablingenvironmentforacircularofacirculareconomycould3.Physicalstoragespace.economybycatalysingactionalongtheprovideemploymenttotraditionallysupplychain,expandingtheeconomyunderservedbranchesofsociety,onboththesupplyanddemandside.enteringlabourmarketsandfacingAllgovernmentscanencouragecircularunemployment.economyinnovationsinproductsandservicesbyprovidingregulatoryandfinancialsupportespeciallyforresearch,businessinnovation,aswellasearly-stageandhigh-riskprojectsthatneedadditionalfinancialsupport83.Procurementprovidesauniqueandlarge-scaleopportunityforgovernmentstomainstreamcirculareconomyprinciples.ImageCredit:RagnorVorel70TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook71AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistPrivateSectorLeadershiptowardsTheRoleofESGFrameworksinthe6.3CalltoImplementationofnewbusinessCircularityintheaCircularEconomyCircularEconomymodels:anumberofinnovativeconstructionsectorActionbusinessmodelshavethepotentialrequirescollaboration.TheprivatesectorhasbeenthesourceofmuchoftheEnvironmental,socialandcorporategovernance(ESG)aretocreatevaluefromimplementingWeseetheprogressmadetodateinimplementingcirculareconomybecomingapriorityformainstreamfinance,asinvestorsThischapterexaminescircularprinciples.ExamplesincludeExtendedProducermodels45.Measurablecircularitystrategiescandemonstratestarttounderstandthe‘true’valueofsustainablesolutions.enablingstrategiesproductasaservice,virtualisation,Responsibilityschemethesocio-economicbenefitsassociatedwithresourceESGinvestmenthasincreasedsignificantlytooverUSDandactionsthatmustremanufacturingandmaterialinFrancetobereallyefficiencyandwasteincluding;materialcostsavings,40trillionin2020,upfromUSD23trillionin201646.bepursuedinordermarketplaceschemes.importanttothereducedpricevolatility,improvedsecurityofsupply,Renewableenergy,wastegenerationandresource,energytoscaleupcircularcollectionandsortingemploymentcreation,aswellasthereducedenvironmentalandwaterconsumptionareallfactoredintoESGratings.Aeconomysolutions,inImprovedataavailabilityandofconstructionwasteimpacts.Thisdatacancreateacompellingbusinesscase,growingnumberoffinancialinstitutionsandinvestorshavealignmentwithcallstoreporting:participationincircularvalue–andtofindingnewandtriggermass-marketinterestthroughknowledge-sharingidentifiedthecirculareconomyasapositiveframeworktoactionforindustry.chainsshouldbeincentivisedandtakensecondaryusesforandreporting.BusinessescanalsouseESGtonormaliseaddressglobalissues.intoaccountthroughEnvironmental,thesematerialsattheSocialandGovernance(ESG)reportingandenhanceambitionaroundthecirculareconomy.Usinginnovativedata-driven,digitaltoolsESGreportingandassessmentofScope3emissions-highestvalue.specificchallenges.hasthepotentialtostronglysupportthefasteradoptionJonnaByskata-HeadofEUEvolvecertificationandlabellingPublicAffairs,Kingspanofcirculareconomypracticesacrossdifferentsectors.schemes:certificationandlabellingschemesshouldprovidetheBusinessesareencouragedtouseESGtonormaliseandappropriateguidanceandindicatorstoalignwithcircularityprinciples,for<Sustainablefinancecatalysingenhancethecirculareconomyby:example,thecertificationofreused<ESGdisclosureproducts.•Reportingonwholelifecarbonemissions,circularitystrategiesimplemented,andnewbusinessmodelsTheinvestmentlandscapeischanging–sustainableutilisedfinanceisnolongeratrendbutagroundswell.TheflowofcapitaltowardsESGorientedfundshas•Drivinginnovationinindustrybytargetingambitiousnetexperiencedasteepexponentialincrease;inthezerostrategiesandcertificationsforecology,emissions,Upskillandeducate:globallyaddressingexistinggapsineducationthirdquarterof2021globalsustainablefundshitwater,andwasteandskillsdevelopmentwillbecrucialasthecirculareconomyisaconceptarecordhighof$3.9trillion,morethandoublinginthatrequiresallstakeholderstothinkandactdifferently.lessthan12months45.Thistrendreflectsgrowing•ImprovingtheESGreportprocessbycollaboratingandinterestfromprivatefirmsinsustainableandenergysharinglessonslearnedwithinindustry.transitionprojects.OneofthemainreasonsisthatcompaniesthatcandemonstratesustainablesupplychainsandgoodhumanrightsrecordsarelessCollaborateandbuildpartnerships:wholevaluechaincollaborationisvulnerabletoenvironmentalshocksorreputationalanessentialleverforcatalysingthecirculareconomy,whichmustbedamage.Additionally,climatechangeandotherundertakeninaspiritofknowledgesharing,transparencyandcommitmentsocietalchallengesalsoposesignificantinvestmenttoprogress.risksthatareincreasinglyrecognisedbythefinancialsector,andtransformativeactioncanbetakentofuture-proofassetsandreduceportfolioriskfrombothregulatoryandphysicalclimatedamagedrivers.72TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook73AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistInthisreport,WorldGBChas07examinedthecirculareconomywithinthebuiltenvironment,OURCALLrecognisingitsessentialroleintacklingtheglobalenvironmentalTOACTIONcrisesandprovidinganunparalleledopportunityto<regenerateresourcesand<acceleratesocio-economicdevelopment.AcirculareconomycanenablehumanitytothriveinpartnershipwiththeEarth,withinplanetaryboundaries.Theonlywaytoproduceacircularclosed-loopsystemisthroughtransformativeactionfromeveryactoracrossthesupplychain.Allstakeholdersmusttakeactionandhelptransitionthesectortowardcircularitybecomingbusiness-as-usual.Everyactorinthesupplychainmustprioritiseandimplementcircularityprinciples-collaboratingwithsustainabilityprofessionalsandmemberorganisationstoovercomebarrierstowardsacircularfuture.WorldGBC’snetworkaspirestoseeleadershipfromallgovernmentsandbusinesses.Acirculareconomyisanessentialpartofthesustainabilitysolution-providingafoundationforfuturepolicychangeandbusinessinnovation.ImageCredit:MicheleBitetto74TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook75AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist7.1The‘Circular-Ready’BuiltEnvironmentChecklistSTRATEGYRESPONSIBILITYCIRCULAR-READYCHECKOUTCOMEBUILDINGSTAGEDrivealternativematerialuseNationalHasacentralisedmaterialdatabasebeenestablished?Yes/NoNationalgovernmentestablishesanationwidematerialdatabase,buildingoncity-levelnetworks,toreflectthelatestmaterialinformationPlanningGovernmentandYes/Noavailable.Additionally,pre-demolitionandpre-redevelopmentsurveysareintroducednationally,toidentifybuildingproductsandpartsforIncreasethedemandforsustainablysourcedandLocalAuthoritiesAredigitalmaterialpassportsavailableforallbuildingYes/Noreuseandrecycling,withlocalauthoritiesprovidinglocationswheretheycanbestored.Manufacturingprocuredmaterialsandproductswhichpreservematerials,productsandparts?Planning&DesignManufacturersYes/NoManufacturersprovidedigitalmaterialpassportsforallmaterialsandproducts,inalignmentwithbestpracticeguidelinestofacilitatethebiologicaldiversityinnature,whilstensuringitHascircularperformance-basedprocurementcriteriaprocurementandspecificationof(circular)materialsandproductsandthedevelopmentofamaterialinventoryforaproject.Planning&Designsustainseconomicviability.Developersandbeenincludedincontractspecifications?ArchitectsDevelopersandarchitectsexaminetheuseofmaterialpassportsonprojectsandengageearlywithcontractorsandmanufacturersDoesthecostanalysisidentifycost-savingtoincorporatecircularperformance-basedprocurementcriteria(e.g.designforreuse,avoidingtheuseofrawmaterialsthroughtheQuantitySurveyoropportunitiesfortheprojectwhenalternativeorinclusionofreusedmaterialsandrecycledcontent)intocontractspecificationdocumentation.andDesignTeamregenerativematerialsandproductsareprocured?Allstakeholderssharematerialuseinformationwiththequantitysurveyor(QS)andidentifycost-savingopportunitiesfortheprojecti.e.costbenefitofmaterialreuse.Thisisfactoredintotheoverallcostanalysisbythequantitysurveyorandtheinformationdemonstratesenergyandcarbonsavings.TheoutputfromtheQSanddesignteamincludestargetsforalternativematerialuse,andonpreviouslydevelopedsites,acomparisonbetweenreusingtheentireassetversusreusingbuildingpartsisprovided.<ReducetheNationalHasanextendedproducerresponsibilitypolicybeenYes/NoNationalgovernmentdevelopsanextendedproducerresponsibilitypolicyensuringtake-backschemesandProductasaService(PAAS)Planning<Governmentdeveloped?Yes/Noinitiativesareinplace.ManufacturingconsumptionofresourcesYes/NoDesign&RetrofitManufacturersHavetake-backschemesbeencreatedfortheManufacturersandcontractorscreatetakebackschemesfortherefurbishment,recyclingandtheresaleofbuildingmaterials,productsBUILDING&MaterialsthatarepartofexistingbuildingsandContractorsrefurbishment,recyclingandtheresaleofbuildingandpartsorworkwiththirdpartieslocallytoprovidetheseservices.CONSTRUCTIONandinfrastructureareconsideredresourcesforproducts?DevelopersandDevelopersprioritisethereuseofexistingbuildingstructures,whereverpossible,andstarttheprocessofcommissioningapre-MATERIALSthebuiltassetsoftomorrow.AvoidingtheContractorsHasamaterialinventorybeencreatedfortheasset?refurbishment/pre-demolitionaudit,ifamaterialinventoryhasnotbeenpreparedforthebuilding.Pre-demolitionsurveysarekeytoproductionanduseofnewbuildingmaterials,Ifnot,hasapre-refurbishment/pre-demolitionidentifyingreuseandretentionopportunities.Contractorscarryoutdetailedpre-refurbishmentandpre-demolitionaudits,toensurethataswellasprioritisingretrofitandadaptationauditbeenconducted?existingmaterialscanbekeptattheirhighestvalue.overtheconstructionofnewbuiltassets,iskeytoreducingemissionsfromthesectorandDesignTeamandDoestheOperation&MaintenancemanualincludeTheproposedassetrefurbishmentanddeconstructionmethodologyisincludedintheOperation&Maintenancemanual,alongwithDesign&implementingacirculareconomy.Contractorstechnicalguidanceforanasset’srefurbishmentandamaterialinventorylistingandprovidingdataanddocumentation(materialpassports)forallbuildingmaterials,productsandparts.Constructiondeconstruction?Documentationishandedovertofacilitymanagement,owners,andoccupiersattheendoftheconstructionstageandupdatedYes/Nothroughoutthebuilding’slife.LocalisethesupplychainLocalAuthoritiesHavelocalauthoritiesanddevelopersworkedtogetherYes/NoLocalauthoritiesanddevelopersworktogetherwithsupplychainsinordertodrivethegrowthofcircularservicesandproductsPlanning&DesignandDeveloperswithsupplychainstocollateinformationonmaterialYes/No(i.e.PAASandmaterialtake-backschemes).Localauthoritiescollateinformationonmaterialavailabilityandstorage,aspartofaLocalisingthesupplychainandprocuringavailabilityandstorage?Yes/Nopublicdatabaseillustratingsupplypotential.Planning,DesignmaterialsandproductsclosetositerepresentsQuantitySurveyor,&ConstructionanopportunitytoreduceembodiedcarbonofanyDesignTeamandHaslocalsourcingbeenprioritisedbasedonQuantitysurveyoranddesignteamsproducetechnicalspecificationsthatprioritiseprocuringbuildingmaterialsandproductsavailability,consideringmaterialpassportsandLCA's,locally.ContractorsworkwiththesupplychaintoidentifyopportunitiesforprocuringreusedmaterialsandensureproductsareManufacturingbuiltassetandstimulatethelocaleconomyContractorswhenmaterialsandproductsareprocured?installedtoenablefuturereuse.ManufacturersandHaveembodiedcarbonreductionplansforproductsMaterialmanufacturersdevelopembodiedcarbonreductionplansfortheirproductsandoperations,focusingonreducingContractorsandoperationsbeendeveloped?materials,energyusage,manufacturingwaste,andtransportneeds.Contractorsworkwiththeirmaterialmanufacturersandsupplychainstosetcarbonintensityreductiontargets,requiremandatorydisclosureofsupplychaindata,andtrackandreduceconstructionsiteemissions.Carbonisevaluatedalongsidecostinallvalueengineeringexercises.76TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook77AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistSTRATEGYRESPONSIBILITYCIRCULAR-READYCHECKOUTCOMEBUILDINGSTAGEChallengeshort-termthinkingNationalHasanationalcirculareconomyplanningframeworkYes/NoAnationalcirculareconomyplanningframeworkpolicyisdeveloped,andnationalgovernmentincentivisestheuseofcirculardesignGovernmentandpolicybeendeveloped?principles,andworkswithlocalauthoritiestosupportfurtherpolicydevelopment.PlanningAllstakeholdersincludingpolicymakers,LocalAuthoritiesinvestors,clients,developersanddesignteamsHaveWholeLifeCarbontargetsbeensetwithinYes/NoClientssetoutclearWholeLifeCarbontargetsandevaluatecirculareconomyapproachesusingcircularity-relatedmetrics(e.g.theAteverymusttakealonger-termview,consideringtheAssetOwnerscontractsandhasprogressbeenmonitoredateveryreductioninrawmaterialuse,constructionwastetolandfill,useofalternativeorsecondarymaterialsandbiodiversityonsite).buildingstagebuildingstage?past,presentandfutureuseofabuilding’sDevelopersYes/NoDevelopersandarchitectsexaminetheuseofmaterialpassportsonprojectsandengageearlywithcontractorsandmanufacturersPlanning&Designproductsandcomponents–includinghowtoandArchitectsHavecircularperformance-basedprocurementcriteriatoincorporatecircularperformance-basedprocurementcriteria(e.g.designforreuse,avoidingtheuseofrawmaterialsthroughthebeenincludedincontractspecifications?inclusionorreusedandrecycledcontent)intocontractspecificationdocumentation.procure,maintainandretaintheirvalueandusefulnessovermultiplelifetimesInvestorsHavethebenefitsofimplementingcirculareconomyYes/NoFinancialsectoragentsengagewiththelocalauthoritiestosupportandpromotetheimplementationofcircularprinciplesinPlanningapproachesbeenconveyedtoassetowners?constructionprojects.Investorsandagentsunderstandandreportonthebenefitsofazero-to-landfillapproach,buildingreuse,designfordisassembly,andrecycling.Designforbuildingreuse,Developers,Clients,HavedemolitioncontractorsordeconstructionexpertsYes/NoClientsappointdemolitioncontractorsordeconstructionexpertsaspartofthedesignteam,earlyenoughsopre-refurbishmentorPlanning,DesigndisassemblyanddeconstructionContractorsandbeenappointedaspartofthedesignteam?Ifyes,haspre-demolitionauditscanbeconsidered.Structuralengineersproactivelyidentifyopportunitiestoutilisereusedstructuralelementsand&ConstructionDesignTeamthecontractorconductedapre-refurbishmentorpre-identifyopportunitiestodesignfordisassembly.Contractorscarryoutdetailedpre-refurbishmentorpre-demolitionauditstoensurethatDesignmustconsciouslyfacilitatethelongerdemolitionaudit?existingmaterialscanbekeptattheirhighestvalue.Thedemolition/refurbishmentcontractorreviewsthematerialinventorydataand<functionaluseandeaseofmaintenanceofprovidescommentsandupdates.Theproductsandmaterialsidentifiedforreusewithinthedevelopmentarespecifiedtobecarefullydisassembledandstored.Developersensuretheprogrammeplanningallowsformaterialstoberemoved,stored,andretrievedfor<buildingproductsandpartstokeepthematreuse.DESIGNANDahighvalueovermultiplelifetimes.ModularityRETROFITisakeycomponentofdesigninacircularbuiltenvironment,asstandardisedbuildingpartsareDevelopersHavematerialpassportsbeenexaminedfortheprojectYes/NoDevelopersandarchitectsexaminetheuseofmaterialpassportsonprojectstomakematerialsandproductseasilyidentifiableandPlanning,Designeasiertorepairandmaintain,disassembleandandArchitectsconsideringend-of-lifeoptions?traceablewhendisassemblingbuildingsorforfuturefit-outs.Thematerialinventoryisdevelopedandupdatedtoinformdesignteamsof&Constructionfuturematerialavailability.Thisprinciplecanalsobeappliedtorefurbishmentprojects,storingdatasothatdeconstructedelementscanrelocateorrefurbishforreuse.Designingforbeusedinthenearfuture.disassemblyanddeconstructionshouldcreatebuildingsthatfunctionasmaterialbanksandeliminatewaste.AssetOwners,Docontractualrequirementsrelatedtoacquisition,Yes/NoOwnersshouldembracegreencontractsandleasesfortheirassets.Thesemightincludeclausesonfit-out,wasteavoidance,Operation,Retrofit,FacilitiesManagersownershipandrental,suchasgreenleases,includerestrictionsonmaterialselection,orresponsibilitiesfordeconstructionattheendofthelease.BasedonagreenleaseandtenancyRecyclingandclausesrelatedtocirculareconomyapproaches?agreement,thetenantmustnotifythefacilitiesmanagerofanychangesthatwillbemadetothebuildingduringthelease.DeconstructionandOccupiersDesignoutwasteOwner,DesignTeamHasazero-to-landfillapproachbeentargetedandYes/NoOwner,designteamandcontractorstargetandadoptazero-to-landfillapproachacrossallstagesofthebuildinglifecycleandtheAteveryandDemolitionadoptedacrossallstagesofthebuildinglifecycle?demolitioncontractorsrecoverproductsandbuildingpartsforreuseasidentifiedinthecontractdocuments.buildingstageDevelopstrategiestopreventunnecessaryContractorswastegenerationbycreatingazero-to-landfillplanwithspecific,measurableandachievabletargets.78TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook79AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistSTRATEGYRESPONSIBILITYCIRCULAR-READYCHECKOUTCOMEBUILDINGSTAGEGaininspirationfromnatureNationalHavebiodiversity-enhancingpoliciesbeenestablishedYes/NoNationalgovernmentandlocalauthoritiesestablishbiodiversity-enhancingpolicieswhichincentivisestheuseofcirculardesignGovernmentandwithincentivestoimplementcirculardesignprinciplesandtheimplementationofnature-basedsolutions.PlanningNothingiswastedinnature.ByimplementingLocalAuthoritiesapproachesandnature-basedsolutions?REGENERATEnature-basedsolutionsourcitiescancloseYes/NoAssetowners,designteamsandcontractorsadoptcirculareconomydesignprinciplesandconstructionprocessestoimplementnature-Design&NATUREAssetOwners,Arebiodiversity-enhancingnature-basedsolutionsbasedsolutions,forresidential,commercial,andmajorinfrastructureprojects(e.g.greencorridorsincities).ConstructionmaterialloopswhilerestoringtherelationshipDesignTeamsandandcirculardesignapproachesimplemented?betweencitiesandnaturalsystemsContractorsProtectwaterresourcesOwner,DesignTeamHasanet-zerowaterapproachbeentargetedandYes/NoOwner,designteamandcontractorstargetandadoptanet-zerowaterapproachforallstagesofbuilding(i.e.anetzerowaterbuilding,AteverybuildingandContractorsadopted?constructedorrenovated,isdesignedto:i)minimisetotalwaterconsumption:ii)maximisealternativewatersources;andiii)minimisestagePromotewaterefficiencyandqualityatallstageswastewaterdischargefromthebuildingandreturnwatertotheoriginalwatersource.ofthebuildinglifecycle,andincludewaterusewithinthereportingconductedduringabuilding’sconstructionandoperationphases.<ImplementnewbusinessmodelsInvestors,NationalHavecircularbusinessmodelapproaches,thatrecover,Yes/NoInvestorsreportonthebenefitsofcirculareconomyapproachesincludingthepotentialforcompetitivereturnswhilereducingwaste,PlanningandatInnovativenewbusinessmodels(eg.productGovernment,Localreuseorrecyclematerialsandproducts,beenadoptedpreservingnaturalresources,andaddressingclimatechange.Investorsexplore,withlegalteams,contractarrangementstoaddresseverybuildingasaservice)canincreasetheutilisationofAuthorities,Clientswithinlocalsupplychains?riskrelatedtocircularbusinessmodels(e.g.challengeswithusingalternativeorregenerativematerials).Nationalgovernmentandlocalunderusedproducts,componentsandbuildings.authoritiesstrengthenpolicyframeworkstomobiliseprivatefinanceandinvestmentinsupportofcircularity.ClientsanddevelopersstageandDevelopersadoptnewcircularbusinessmodelapproaches(suchasPAASandtake-backschemes)andevaluatecirculareconomycriteriaateachbuildingstage.<ImprovedataavailabilityClients,DesignArecircularity-relatedmetricsincludedwithinESGYes/NoClients,designteamandcontractorsreportoncircularity-relatedmetricswithinESGreporting.ThisdataassistsinvestorstoalignwithAteverybuildingandreportingTeamandreporting?(e.g.reductioninrawmaterialuse,waste,newsustainablefinanceregulations(e.gTCFD,SFDR)andallstakeholdersinvolvedworktowardsaconsistentESGreportingformattostageContractorswateruseandalternativematerialuseallowforcomparabledataandreporting.ParticipationincircularvaluechainsshouldbeLEVERSFORincentivisedandtakenintoaccountthroughCHANGEEnvironmental,SocialandGovernance(ESG)reportingandassessmentofScope3emissions.AllStakeholdersAreupdatedmaterialdatasetsavailableforuseinYes/NoNationalgovernmentandlocalauthoritiesenablematerialdata(includingwholelifecarbondata)tobecollectedandincludedwithinAteverybuildingcertificationandlabellingschemes?acentraliseddatabase,supportingtheindustryinmeasuringandreportingoncircularity.CertificationandlabellingschemesarestageEvolvecertificationandcontinuallyupdatedtoassesscircularity-relatedmetricsandindicators.Allstakeholdersincreasedatatransparencyandimprovelabellingschemescertificationsschemeswhencentraliseddatabasesareutilised.However,dataownershipwillvaryacrosseachstakeholderandcollaborationacrossthevaluechainwillberequired.Certificationandlabellingschemesshouldprovidetheappropriateguidanceandindicatorstoalignwithcircularityprinciples.Upskill,educate,collaborateOwner,DesignTeamHavenetzeroskillsandtrainingplansbeenYes/NoOwner,designteamandcontractorsadoptnetzero(waste,water,carbonandecology)skillsandtrainingplanssupportedbyPlanningandatandbuildpartnershipsandContractorsimplemented?Yes/Noprofessionalinstitutions.Thisshouldalsoincludecirculareconomydesignprinciplesandretrofitcompetencyrequirements,andeverybuildingappliestoallbuiltenvironmentstakeholders,notjustsustainabilityprofessionals.Globally,addressingexistinggapsineducationAllstakeholdersHavebestpracticeexamplesandchallengesbeenstageandskillsdevelopmentwillbecrucialasthesharedsotheindustrycanlearnhowdifferentcircularAllstakeholders,includingdevelopers,owners,designteamandcontractors,exploremodelsforcollaboration,wherepartnershipseconomyprocesses(e.g.procurementofreusedfacilitateaknowledgesharingprocessthatallowsfortransparencysothattheindustrycanlearnhowdifferentcirculareconomyAteverybuildingcirculareconomyisaconceptthatrequiresallmaterials)canhappen?processes(e.g.procurementofreusedmaterials)canhappen.stagestakeholderstothinkandactdifferently.80TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook81AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist7.2NextStepsNextstepsfortheCircularityAcceleratorglobalprogrammeinclude:<WorldGBC’snetwork•Developingaclosed-loopvision:thecirculareconomymovementisandpartnersareurgentlyinneedofarallyingcry-arecognisablesymbolofhighest-committedtodrivinglevelambitionandbestpracticethatallinterimtargetscanworktheadaptationofatowards.‘Netzerocarbonemissions’istheguidinggoalforthecirculareconomydecarbonisationagenda,andthissub-sectorneedsanaccessible,throughoutallcommunicablehigh-levelgoaltosettargetsagainst.stagesofthebuiltenvironment.•Consistencyinmeasurementmethodologiesandindicators:estimatessuggestthatover400indicatorsarecurrentlybeingused<tomeasurecirculareconomyfactorsacrossthebuiltenvironment.ConsistencyandguidancefortheindustryaroundkeyindicatorstousefortrackingprogressandperformancebenchmarksisapriorityforWorldGBCtoexplorealongsideournetworkandindustrypartners.•Trainingandupskillingforcirculareconomy:WorldGBCiscommittedtothedisseminationofqualitytrainingandcommunicationmaterialsforourglobalnetwork,incollaborationwith75+GreenBuildingCouncils(GBCs)andindustrypartnersfromallaroundtheworld.GBCsbringpeopletogetherandprovideindustryguidance.Throughtheleadershipoftheirmembersandbusinessesacrossthevaluechain,theyarepavingthewayindemonstratingthatactioncan,andmust,betakeninthetransitiontocircularpractices.•Advocacy:nationalandsub-nationalpolicychangeremainsakeyleverinthetransitiontoacirculareconomy,andtheWorldGBCnetworkwillsupportthedevelopmentandimplementationofclearandimpactfulpolicyrecommendations.FormoreinformationontheWorldGBC’sCircularityAcceleratorglobalprogrammepleasevisitworldgbc.org/circularity-accelerator82TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybookImageCredit:LanceAnderson83AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist08ENDOFLIFEThecarbonemissionsassociatedwithdeconstruction(ordemolition),transportfromsite,wasteprocessingCARBON:anddisposalphasesofabuildingorinfrastructure’slifecyclewhichoccurafteritsuse.GLOSSARYOFCOMMONTERMSNATURALIncludesnaturalassetsintheirroleofprovidingnaturalresourceinputsandenvironmentalservicesforCAPITAL:economicproduction.Naturalcapitalistheworld’sstockofnaturalresources,includinggeology,soils,air,waterandalllivingorganisms.NATURE-BASEDSOLUTIONS:Actionsinspiredby,supportedby,orcopiedfromnaturethataimtohelpsocietiesaddressavarietyofenvironmental,socialandeconomicchallengesinsustainableways.ALTERNATIVEConsistofsecondary,bio-basedandregenerative(renewable)materials.AlternativematerialsincludeNETZEROEMBODIEDAnetzeroembodiedcarbonassetisa(neworretrofitted)buildingorinfrastructureassetthatishighlyMATERIALS:naturalmaterialslikerockoradobethatarenotascommonlyinuseasmaterialssuchassteelorCARBON:resourceefficientwithupfrontcarbonminimisedtothegreatestextentpossible,asalastresort,offsettoaluminium.achievenetzero.BIO-BASEDNETZEROMATERIALS:Productsthatmainlyconsistofasubstance(orsubstances)derivedfromlivingmatter(biomass)andOPERATIONALCARBON:Anetzerooperationalcarbonassetisa(neworretrofitted)buildingorinfrastructureassetthatishighlyeitheroccurnaturallyoraresynthesised.energyefficientandpoweredusingon-siteand/oroff-siterenewablesources.BIODIVERSITY:Includesallthedifferentkindsoflifefoundinageographicarea,thisincludesthevarietyofanimals,NETZEROWHOLEAnetzerowholelifecarbonasset(neworretrofitted)ishighlyenergyefficient,withupfrontcarbonreduced<CLIMATEplants,fungi,andmicroorganismslikebacteriathatmakeupournaturalworld.EachofthesespeciesandLIFECARBON:tothegreatestextentpossibleandallremainingcarbonreducedor,asalastresort,offsettoachievenetCHANGE:organismsworktogetherinaninterconnectedecosystemtomaintainbalanceandsupportlife.zeroacrossthewholelifecycle.Thislifecycleencompassesbothembodiedandoperationalcarbon.Referstothelong-termshiftsintemperaturesandweatherpatterns.Theseshiftsmaybenatural,suchasOPERATIONALCARBON:Emissionsassociatedwithenergyusedtooperatethebuildingorinfrastructure.<throughvariationsinthesolarcycle.Butsincethe1800s,humanactivitieshavebeenthemaindriverofclimatechange,primarilyduetoburningfossilfuelslikecoal,oilandgas.RECYCLEDMATERIAL:CARBONReferstoallgreenhousegasemissions(GHG).Wheretheglobalwarmingpotential(GWP)ofemissionsSECONDARYHasbeenreprocessedfromrecoveredmaterialbymeansofamanufacturingprocess.EMISSIONS:isquantifiedinunitsofcarbondioxideequivalence-onekilogramofcarbondioxidethereforehasaGWPMATERIALS:of1kgCO2e.Materialsorproductswithrecycledcontent(ISO14021).Recycledcontentbyproportionormassincluding:•Pre-consumer:materialdivertedfromthewastestreamduringthemanufacturingCARBONFOOTPRINT:Referstotheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedintotheatmosphereasaresultoftheactivitiesofaparticularindividual,organisation,orcommunity.process.•Post-consumer:materialgeneratedwhichcannolongerbeusedforitsintendedpurpose.ECOSYSTEM:Anecosystemisageographicareawhereplants,animals,andotherorganisms,aswellasweatherandUPFRONTCARBON:Emissionsfrommaterials’productionandconstructionphasesofthelifecyclebeforethebuildingorlandscape,worktogethertoformlife.WHOLELIFECARBON:infrastructurebeginsoperation.ECOSYSTEMSERVICES:Includesthedirectandindirectcontributionsofecosystemstohumanwellbeing.ExamplesincludeEmissionsthroughoutthelifecycleofabuiltasset.Thislifecycleencompassesbothembodiedandprovisioningservices(providingfood,wood,water,medicine);regulatingservices(regulatingclimateandoperationalcarbon.EMBODIEDairquality,storingcarbon,protectingagainstextremeweatherevents,preventingsoilerosion,treatingCARBON:wastewater,pollinating);culturalservices(recreationandtourism);andhabitatservices(providingspecieswithhabitat).Includesmaterialextractionandproduction,transportation,manufacturing,constructionandmaintenance(includingrepair,replacementandrenovation)anddeconstructionandend-of-lifeprocessingforreuse,recoveryorrecyclinganddisposalofwaste.84TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook85AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklistReportPartners8.1AcknowledgementsWiththanksto:SectionGlobalProgrammePartnersLeadauthor:AdrianJackson,CircularityAcceleratorProgrammeOfficer,WorldGBCCo-authors:ExpertReviewPanelCatrionaBrady,DirectorofStrategyandDevelopment,WorldGBCCarolinaMontanoOwen,PhD,CircularityAcceleratorProgrammeCoordinator,WorldGBC<SteeringCommitteeGBCs:HongKongGreenBuildingCouncilARUPPennState<HungaryGreenBuildingCouncilC40CitiesSITRAAllianceHQE-GBCFranceGreenBuildingCouncilItaliaCircleEconomySOMAustrianSustainableBuildingCouncil(ÖGNI)IrishGreenBuildingCouncilClimateGroupUCLChileGreenBuildingCouncil(CCCS)KenyaGreenBuildingSocietyCradletoCradleProductsInnovationInstituteUNEnvironmentProgrammeColombiaGreenBuildingCouncilNewZealandGreenBuildingCouncilEllenMacarthurFoundationUnitedNationsOnePlanetNetworkGreenBuildingCouncilCostaRicaNorwegianGreenBuildingCouncilICLEIWorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopmentDutchGreenBuildingCouncil(DGNB)PolishGreenBuildingCouncilInfrastructureClientGroupWorldEconomicForumGermanSustainableBuildingCouncilSingaporeGreenBuildingCouncilMetabolicWorldResourcesInstituteEmiratesGreenBuildingCouncilSustentabilidadparaMéxico(SUMe)GreenBuildingCouncilofAustraliaTurkishGreenBuildingCouncilIndividuals:UshaIyer-Raniga,EdenBrukman,SuprajaSudharsan,XimenaWalersteinGreenBuildingCouncilofSouthAfricaU.S.GreenBuildingCouncilGreenBuildingCouncilEspañaUKGreenBuildingCouncilFormoreinformationoncirculareconomyinthebuiltenvironment,seeWorldGBC’s‘CircularityGreenBuildingCouncilFinlandAccelerator’globalprogramme,andreachouttoyournationalGreenBuildingCouncilforlocalGuatemalaGreenBuildingCouncilactivities.DatePublished:10May2023CIRCULARITYACCELERATOR86TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook87AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist8.2References1UNHabitat(2022)11TheEllenMacArthurFoundation(2021)20EuropeanCommission(2023)Circular29UKCLT()CircularMassTimberFor37WorldinData()44EuropeanCommission()CircularEcono-Construction:Adhesive-FreeBondingOfhttps://ourworldindata.org/water-use-myActionPlanhttps://www.un.org/en/climatechange/CompletingthePicture:HowtheCirculareconomyRecoveredTimberForStructuralMassstresshttps://ec.europa.eu/environment/circu-TimberProductionlar-economy/pdf/new_circular_econo-climate-solutions/cities-pollutionEconomyTacklesClimateChangehttps://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/https://ce-hub.org/news/sec-38UnitedNationsBiodiversityConferencemy_action_plan.pdfond-round-of-funded-circular-econo-COP15(2022)https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy_enmy-feasibility-studies-announced/https://www.cbd.int/article/cop15-cbd-45TheAmbitionLoop(2018)Howbusinesspress-release-final-19dec2022andgovernmentcanadvancepoliciesthat2CircleEconomy(2023)CircularityGapcompleting-the-picture30WBCSD(2018)CircleEconomyfasttrackzero-carboneconomicgrowthPractitionersGuide39https://www.stockholmresilience.org/https://ambitionloop.org/Report202321CircularityGapReportingInitiative(2022)https://www.ceguide.org/Strate-research/planetary-boundaries.htmlgies-and-examples/Dispose/Cascad-46TheEllenMacArthurFoundation(2021)https://www.circularity-gap.world/202312McKinsey&Company(2017) Re-CircularityGapReporting#:~:text=Cascading%20maximizes%2040WWF(2021)UrbanNature-basedSolutionsUnlockingthevalueofthecircularresource%20effectiveness%20by,and%20https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/down-economyinventingconstruction:Aroutetohigherhttps://www.circularity-gap.world/services%20have%20been%20exhaustedloads/exe_wwf_a4_template_sbn_final2.pdfhttps://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/articles/unlocking-the-value-of-the-circu-3WorldEconomicForum(2022)productivity31iea()Carboncapture,utilisationandstorage40OECD(2019)Biodiversity:Financeandlar-economyhttps://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technolo-theEconomicandBusinessCaseforhttps://www.weforum.org/agen-https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/22OECD(2021)Towardsamorere-gies/carbon-capture-utilisation-and-stor-Actionhttps://www.oecd.org/environment/47https://www.daikin-ce.com/loopageresources/biodiversity/G7-report-Biodiver-da/2022/06/what-is-the-circular-econo-operations/our-insights/reinventing-con-source-efficientandcircularecono-sity-Finance-and-the-Economic-and-Busi-48GrønnByggallianse-NorwegianGreen32iea()Carboncapture,utilisationandness-Case-for-Action.pdfBuildingCouncil(2019)Thinktwicebeforemy/#:~:text=Extracting%20and%20process-struction-through-a-productivity-revolutionmy&nbspstoragedemolishing41OECD(2020)LABOURMARKEThttps://byggalliansen.no/wp-content/ing%20raw%20materials,a%20report%20https://www.oecd.org/env/waste/OECD-33wbcsd(2018)CircularEconomyPracti-CONSEQUENCESOFATRANSITIONTOuploads/2019/11/Think-twice-before-de-tionerGuideDesignfordisassembly/de-ACIRCULARECONOMYmolishing.pdfby%20Accenture%20estimates.13CircleEconomy(2023)CircularityGapG20-Towards-a-more-Resource-Efficient-construction-CircularEconomyGuidehttps://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=ENV/49OpenEditionJournalshttps://journals.Report2023and-Circular-Economy.pdf34GlobalABC(2022)GlobalStatusReportWKP(2020)9&docLanguage=Enopenedition.org/factsreports/6557https://globalabc.org/our-work/track-4CircleEconomy(2023)CircularityGaphttps://www.circularity-gap.world/2023ing-progress-global-status-report42EcologyandSociety(2016)Nature-based52WEF(2020)solutionstoclimatechangemitigationandhttps://www.weforum.org/agen-<Report202314CircleEconomy(2020)CircularityGap23EarthSystemsScienceData(2021)Global34OECD(2021)Towardsamoreresource-adaptationinurbanareas:perspectivesonda/2020/11/an-expert-explains-how-to-<https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023Report2020CarbonBudget2021efficientandcirculareconomyhttps://indicators,knowledgegaps,barriers,andturn-carbon-into-useful-building-materi-5CircleEconomy(2020)CircularityGaphttps://www.circle-economy.com/news/https://essd.copernicus.org/arti-www.oecd.org/env/waste/OECD-G20-To-opportunitiesforactionals/cles/14/1917/2022/essd-14-1917-2022.wards-a-more-Resource-Efficient-and-Cir-https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol21/cular-Economy.pdfiss2/art39/53AsconcretecanprovideinertiaagainstReport2020our-world-is-now-only-8-6-circularpdftemperaturefluctuations,theenergycon-35https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/43EKLIPSE(2020)Animpactevaluationsumptioncouldbelowered.https://www.circle-economy.com/news/waste-and-recycling/waste-framework-di-frameworktosupportplanningandevalua-rective_entionofnature-basedsolutionsprojectshttp://our-world-is-now-only-8-6-circular152022GlobalStatusReportforBuildingsand24MaterialEconomics(2019)IndustrialTrans-www.eklipse-mechanism.eu/apps/Eklipse_36Sitra(2022)Tacklingrootcauses–Haltingdata/website/EKLIPSE_Report1-NBS_FINAL_Construction(2022)formation2050biodiversitylossthroughthecirculareconomyComplete-08022017_LowRes_4Web.pdf6TheWorldBank(2018)WHATAWASTE2.0https://www.unep.org/resources/publi-https://materialeconomics.com/https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-cation/2022-global-status-report-build-material-economics-industrial-trans-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.ings-and-constructionformation-2050.pdf?cms_fileid=303ee-html49891120acc9ea3d13bbd498d1316TheWorldBank(2022)UrbanDevelopment7TheWorldBank(2018)WHATAWASTE2.0https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/ur-25GlobalABC(2022)GlobalStatusReporthttps://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-bandevelopment/overviewhttps://globalabc.org/our-work/track-a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_manage-ing-progress-global-status-reportment.html17TheWorldBank(2018)WHATAWASTE2.0https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-26BAMB(2020)MATERIALSPASSPORTS8TheWorldBank(2018)WHATAWASTE2.0a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_manage-https://www.bamb2020.eu/topics/materi-https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-ment.htmlals-passports/a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_manage-ment.html19TheWorldBank(2018)WHATAWASTE2.027Encyclopedia()MaterialPassporthttps://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/288739EarthOvershootDay(2022)waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.28BAMB(2020)STANDARDIZATIONANDhttps://www.overshootday.org/htmlEXISTINGTOOLS10CircularEconomy(2023)https://www.bamb2020.eu/topics/materi-https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023als-passports/standardization-tools/88TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook89AboutIntroductionPrinciplesofaBuildingandDesignandRegenerateLeversforOurCallTheCircular-ReadyGlossaryCircularEconomyConstructionMaterialsRetrofitNatureChangetoActionChecklist54McKinseySustainability(2016)The70UnitedNationsBiodiversityConference82TheAmbitionLoop(2018)Howbusiness92https://vinciworks.com/blog/is-esg-re-porting-mandatory-in-the-uk-the-eu-and-circulareconomy:MovingfromtheorytoCOP15(2022)andgovernmentcanadvancepoliciesthatthe-us/practicehttps://www.mckinsey.com/busi-https://www.cbd.int/article/cop15-cbd-fasttrackzero-carboneconomicgrowth93TheWhiteHouse(2021)ExecutiveOrderonClimate-RelatedFinancialRiskness-functions/sustainability/our-insights/press-release-final-19dec2022https://ambitionloop.org/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-ac-the-circular-economy-moving-from-theo-tions/2021/05/20/executive-order-on-cli-mate-related-financial-risk/ry-to-practice7183EuropeanCommission()CircularEcono-94TheTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinan-myActionPlancialDisclosures()https://www.fsb-tcfd.org/recommenda-55EUROACTIVE73WWF(2021)UrbanNature-basedhttps://ec.europa.eu/environment/circu-tions/https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/Solutionslar-economy/pdf/new_circular_econo-95PRIAssociation()WhatarethePrinciplesforResponsibleInvestment?opinion/why-a-carbon-tax-is-the-most-ef-https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/down-my_action_plan.pdfhttps://www.unpri.org/about-us/what-are-the-principles-for-responsi-fective-price-signal-for-the-building-sectorloads/exe_wwf_a4_template_sbn_final2.pdfble-investment84EuropeanCommission()Circular96GRESB(2022)ActionableESGdataandbenchmarksforfinancialmarkets56WSP74WWF(2021)UrbanNature-basedSolutionsEconomyActionPlanhttps://www.gresb.com/nl-en/https://www.wsp.com/-/media/Service/https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/down-https://ec.europa.eu/environment/circu-97ScienceBasedTargetsinitiative(SBTI)https://www.wri.org/initiatives/sci-Global/Document/2022/WSP-Biodiversi-loads/exe_wwf_a4_template_sbn_final2.pdflar-economy/pdf/new_circular_econo-ence-based-targetsty-primer-EN.pdfmy_action_plan.pdf98CRREM(CarbonRiskRealEstateMonitor)https://www.crrem.eu/75WorldFutureCouncil(2016)Cities99ClimateBondsInitiativehttps://www.climatebonds.net/57MDPI(2021)AdaptabilityofBuildings:AmustbeRegenerative.Butwhatkindof85OECD(2020)LABOURMARKETCONSE-100EUPlatformofSustainableFinance(2022)CriticalReviewontheConceptEvolutionRegenerationareweactuallytalkingabout?QUENCESOFATRANSITIONTOAhttps://finance.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-03/220330-sustainable-fi-https://www.mdpi.com/2076-https://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/CIRCULARECONOMYnance-platform-finance-report-remain-ing-environmental-objectives-taxono-3417/11/10/4483cities-must-regenerative-kind-regenera-https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/my-annex_en.pdftion-actually-talking/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=ENV/103CradletoCradleProductsInnovationIn-stitute(2017)WhatIsDesignforDisassem-58WSP()AsbestosandHazardousMaterialsWKP(2020)9&docLanguage=Enbly?https://www.c2ccertified.org/news/article/what-is-design-for-disassemblyManagement76https://www.berlin.de/sen/uvk/en/<https://www.wsp.com/en-qa/services/nature-and-green/landscape-planning/86TheMinistryofInfrastructureandthe<asbestos-and-hazardous-materials-man-baf-biotope-area-factor/calculat-EnvironmentandtheMinistryofEconomicagementing-the-baf/Affairs(2016)ACircularEconomyintheNetherlandsby205060wbcsd(2018)CircularEconomy79Springer()ImplementingNature-https://circulareconomy.europa.eu/PractitionerGuideDesignfordisassembly/BasedSolutionsinUrbanAreas:platform/sites/default/files/17037circu-deconstruction-CircularEconomyGuideFinancingandGovernanceAspectslaireeconomie_en.pdf/https://link.springer.com/chap-61ISO20887(2020)Designfordisassemblyter/10.1007/978-3-319-56091-5_1888EuropeanEnvironmentAgency(2019)andadaptabilityResourceefficiencyandwastehttps://www.steelconstruct.com/wp-con-80BelgianBiodiversityPlatform(2015)tent/uploads/ISO-20887_2020_01.pdfNature-basedSolutions:NewInfluencefor89TheEllenMacArthurFoundation(2021)EnvironmentalManagementandResearchUnlockingthevalueofthecircularecono-64https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustain-inEuropemyhttps://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/able-materials-management-non-haz-https://www.biodiversa.org/898/downloadarticles/unlocking-the-value-of-the-circu-ardous-materials-and-waste-manage-lar-economyment-hierarchy81EuropeanNetworkoftheHeadsofEnvironmentProtectionAgencies(EPANet-90Reuters:67CircularEconomy(2023)work) (2021)CIRCULARBUSINESShttps://www.reuters.com/business/https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023MODELS:PRODUCT-SERVICESYSTEMSONsustainable-business/global-sustainable-THEWAYTOACIRCULARECONOMY fund-assets-hit-record-39-trillion-q3-69WSPhttps://epanet.eea.europa.eu/reports-let-says-morningstar-2021-10-29/https://www.wsp.com/-/media/Service/ters/reports-and-letters/circular_busi-Global/Document/2022/WSP-Biodiversi-ness_models_interest-group-green-and-cir-91WorldEconomicForum():ty-primer-EN.pdfcular-economy.pdfhttps://www.weforum.org/agen-da/2022/05/esg-reporting-stakehold-er-capitalism/90TheCircularBuiltEnvironmentPlaybook91DIGITALMATERIALPASSPORTS:Digitalmaterialspassportsareakeystrategyfortrackingthecirculationofbuildingandconstructionmaterialsinaclosed-loopsystem,byhostingopen-sourcedatadefiningthecharacteristicsofmaterialsinproductsused,andenablingtheidentificationofvalueforrecovery,reuseandrecycling.Materialpassportscanbeconnectedtowiderdigitaltools–suchasBuildingInformationModelling(BIM)software,digitalinventoriesandlogs,whichcouldbefurtherconnectedtosupplychains16,loggingallmodificationsandmaintenanceanassethasundergone.Forusefulproduct-leveldatatobecomeavailableitiscriticalthatalltiersofthesupplychainworktogetherwithacommitmenttotransparencyanddata-sharinginordertofacilitatetheimplementationofcircularbusinessmodelsandstrategiesacrossthewiderbuiltenvironment.FormoreinformationrefertoreportSection3.2CircularEconomy:In2021,CircleEconomyandBCGintroducedtheCIRCelligenceIndicatorsFramework.CIRCelligence17isaproprietarymetricandtoolthatanalysestheentirevaluechainfrominputtoendoflife,andanchorscircularthinkingintothebusinessanditsecosystems.Itevaluatesmaterialflowsbutalsoqualitativecomponents,suchasmaterialvaluesandengagementswiththebroaderbusinessecosystem.18WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment(WBCSD):WBCSDdevelopedthe‘CircularTransitionIndicators(CTI)–MetricsforBusiness,byBusiness’.TheCTIprocesshelpscompanies’scopeandpreparetheassessmentandinterpretitsresults,understanditsrisksandopportunities,prioritiseactionsandestablishSMARTtargetstomonitorprogress.EuropeanCommission:TheEuropeanCommission’sLevel(s)FrameworkisavoluntaryreportingmechanismthatusesexistingstandardsandprovidesacommonEUapproachtotheassessmentofenvironmentalperformanceinthebuiltenvironment.Thisframeworkcanbeusedforunifiedprocurementframeworks.CASESTUDY:PasaportedematerialesyactivossosteniblesForbuildings,theplatformconsiderstheentryofinformation(P+MAS)-apioneeringmaterialpassportbycategoriesandsubcategoriesinastandardisedformatplatforminLatinAmericatofacilitatetheentryofportfoliosandfavorthecomparisonamongassets.ThepurposeofthepassportistocollectThe“SustainableMaterialsandAssetsPassport:P+MAS”andverifysupportingevidencethatcommunicatesisaprojectdevelopedandmanagedbyChileGreenBuildingsustainabilityattributesinmaterialsandbuildings,promotingCouncil(ChileGBC)andtheTechnologicalCenterforInnovationandencouragingregeneration,non-renewableresourcesinConstruction(CTeC),bothbeingnon-profitorganisationspreservation,emissionsreduction,transparencyofchemicalandspecialists,promotingsustainabilityandinnovationinthecomponentsandavoidanceofhazardouschemicals,henceconstructionsectorinChile.ThisinitiativeispartofthecircularreducingtheenvironmentalandsocialfootprintofthebuilteconomychallengesfortheconstructionsectorofCORFOenvironment,inadditiontocollectingrelevantinformationfor(agencyoftheMinistryofEconomy)andisco-financedwithuseinpublicpoliciesandframeworks.contributionsfromrenownedmaterialmanufacturingandrealestatecompanies.P+MASisaninitiativethatcontributestothedevelopmentandimplementationofwholelife-cyclecircularitymodels.P+MASisaninnovativeandpioneeringtechnologicalplatformFormoreinformation:atthenationalandLatinAmericanlevelanditsobjectiveisPlataformaPasaportedeMaterialesparalathedisclosureofmaterialpassportsofrealestateassets,Construcciónbasedonverifiedinformationthatsupportsattributesofcircularity,environmentalimpactsandtoxicityofalltheSource:ChileGBCmaterials,productsandcomponentsofabuilding,becomingalargeinventoryfortheactorsoftheecosystemandprovidingdetailedinformationthatwillsupportthesustainablemanagementofrealestateassets.CASESTUDY:TheRecycledHouses;Denmark.‘Arerecycledmaterialsasdurableasnewmaterials?’Between•After30years,therecycledmaterialsareseentohave1990-1994,threeapartmentbuildings,knownas‘TheRecycledthesamequalityintermsofdurabilityandqualityasHouses’,werebuiltfrom80-90%recycledmaterialsinHorsens,correspondingnewmaterials.UponexaminationoftheOdenseandCopenhagen.Theaimwastoemployfull-scale,recycledpropertiesandcomparingthemwithreferencetraditionalconstructionmethodsmakingthegreatestpossiblebuildings,nosignificantdifferencesindurabilityandstrengthuseofrecycledmaterials.wereobserved.Whilstcirculareconomyandrecyclingofmaterialsinthe•Mostmaterialsappearingoodcondition30yearslaterandconstructionsectorareahighpriority,thereisstilluncertaintyhavenotrequiredmoremaintenancethanusual.andalackofdocumentationforrecycledmaterials’qualityanddurability.Currentlythisisoneofthebiggestchallengesfor•Interviewswereconductedwithoperators(housingtheimplementationofrecycledmaterialsinconstructiononacompanies)andresidentstoheartheirexperiencesofthelargerscale.Theevaluationoftherecycledapartments,whichconditionoftheapartments.Themajorityofresidentsarehavebeeninoperationfor30years,supportsthedevelopmenthappylivinginthesebuildingsanddonothaveanynegativeofcirculareconomyandrecyclingintheconstructionsector,perceptionsoftherecycledmaterialsused–insteadtheydemonstratingthat:areproudofit.•Aslongasrecycledmaterialsarecarefullyselectedand,inFormoreinformation:manycases,testedpriortoconstruction,theirqualityandTheRecycledHomesconditionwillbeequaltothatofnewmaterialsafter30yearsoflivinginandusingtherecycledproperty.ItmakesnoSource:WSPdifferencewhethermaterialsareoldornew,whatmattersistheirquality.CASESTUDY:Deliveringsteel´sfullreusepotentialSteelreuseisnowaviablelow-carbonmatchingtooltoenabletheprojecttomatterofminutes,ensuringthatdesignoptionforallpartiestoimplement.Thisachievetheoptimumconfigurationfortheiterationscanbequicklyproducedandsentisdemonstrated,fromtheperspectivesreplacementofnewbyreclaimedsteel,andtotheprojectteam.Thisensuresthatweofcontractor,steelproducer,fabricator,thereforethegreatestcarbonsaving.canrapidlyrespondtochangingstocklistsengineerandtheclient,ontheElephantandofexistingsteelandkeepthewiderteamCastleTownCentreprojectinLondon,UK.Theautomatedtoolusesanoptimisationupdated.algorithmtomaximisethetonnageofTheprojectisamixed-usedevelopmentdesignedsteelsectionstobereplacedSuchdigitaltoolshelpovercomeonewithfourbuildingsandasharedbasement.withreclaimedsections.ItallowstheofthemainchallengesforcircularityinItiscurrentlyonsiteandbeingconstructedusertochangetheallowabledepthandconstructionmaterials,theuncertainty,andbyMultiplex.Theprojectoriginallyhadawidthincreaseofthesteelsections,whichalackofdocumentationontheirqualityandtotalof372tonnesofdesignedsteel,andincreasesthepossibilityofareusedsectiondurability.bysubstituting26%ofthiswithreclaimedmatchbeingfound.Parametershavebeensteel,theteamwillbeabletoachieveacarefullyconsideredtocreateaholisticFormoreinformation:savingof160tonnesofCO2e(A1-A3).ThisapproachsuchasmaximumallowableElephantandCastleTownCentreisasignificantachievementandhighlightsweightincreaseofthesectiontooptimisetheopportunitiesforcarbonsavings,whilstthecarbonsavingonthisprojectwhilealsoSource:WSPremainingcostneutral.ensuringthatgreatercarbonbenefitsfromuseofthesectiononadifferentprojectorTounlockthefullpotentialofthereuseprocessarenotprevented.Thetoolallowsofsteel,WSPdevelopedadigitalsectiontheRevitModelstobeupdatedwithinaCASESTUDY:XiaoJingWanUniversity,China-ahistoryoflocallysourcedbrickmasonrybuildingsThecomplexofuniversitybuildingswasdesignedandconstructedtorespectthearea’svernacularheritagewhilstminimisingtheenvironmentalimpactofconstructionbysourcingandmanufacturingmaterialslocally.Thelocalarea,eastofShenzhen,hasalongtraditionofconstructingmasonrybrickbuildingsusinglocallysourcedsoil,thereforetheentiremanufacturingprocesswascarriedoutataneighbouringfactory,reducingtheembodiedcarbonproducedduringthematerialextractionandproduction,transportation,manufacturingandconstructionprocesses.Themainmaterialsusedarepurpose-madebricksandconcrete.XiaoJingWanisacoastaluniversity-stylecampusdesignedbyFosterandPartnersforChinaResourcesGroup,andachievedtheCertificateofGreenBuildingDesignLabel-2Star.The55,000square-metreuniversitycampusispartofalargermixed-usedevelopment,consistingofahotel,clubhouse,retailandresidentialcomponents.Formoreinformation:XiaoJingWanUniversityProjectsFoster+PartnersSource:Foster+PartnersCASESTUDY:Cross-laminatedsecondarytimber(CLST)laminatedsecondarytimber’(CLST),withsupportfromtheRambollFoundation,theUKNationalInterdisciplinaryCircularSolidtimberwasteistypicallychippedanddowncycledintoEconomyResearchCE-Hub,andUKResearchandInnovation.productssuchasparticleboardandanimalbeddingwithlimitedreclamationofsolidtimberthroughsalvageyards.InacircularAsDrColinRose,leadresearcherandinventorofCLSTsays,economy,biologicalmaterialsshouldbecascadedthroughreuse“TransformingsecondarytimberintoCLSTpresentsabusinessandhigh-valuerecycling,whichincreasethebuiltenvironment’scaseforreusingorupcyclingmaterialsonanindustrialscale.capacitytostorebiogeniccarbon,beforedowncyclingtolower-Theprocessturnslow-valuematerialsintoastandardisedgradeproductsandeventuallyreturningtothebiosphere.Ancomponent.It’sthekindofproductweurgentlyneedtomeetexampleofhigh-valuerecyclingisusingrecoveredwoodinmassthedemandsoftheconstructionindustry,whilevastlyreducingtimberproductslikeCLTandglulam,whichcandisplacetheneedenvironmentalimpacts.”forcarbon-intensivevirginmaterials.Upcyclewastetimbertoretainitssequesteredcarbonoverthelongterm,andallowlocalFindoutmoreabouttheresearchhere:productionofmasstimberproducts31.https://ukclt.com/Onthisbasis,ateamatUniversityCollegeLondonhasbeenresearchingthepotentialtousesalvagedwoodtomake‘cross-CASESTUDY:Producttake-backmodelsinassecond-handcomponents,salvagedsquaremetres(11.24tonnes)ofcarpetuseinthecommercialrealmaterialsorrecycledasfeedstockfornewfromgoingintoalandfillusingclosed-estatesectorproducts.looprecycling.About35%oftheoldcarpetwasturnedinto“fluffyyarn”andThebuiltenvironmenthasasignificantSeveralcompaniesareleadingtheincorporatedintoengineeringplasticspotentialtoreducecarbonemissionsexplorationofcircularbusinessmodelstoandmaterials.Incomparison,65%ofthroughcircularpracticesinfit-outs.supportmoresustainablebuildingfit-outs.itwasmadeintocrumbswhichwereAbuildingfit-outisaprocesswherebyForexample,SaintGobainistakingbackconvertedintoGlasbacREsheets,ainteriorbuildingmaterialsandcomponentsglassforclosed-looprecycling,andCBREmaterialtocreateabrand-newcarpetareinstalled,includingflooring,wallandsavednearly315,000poundsofemissionstile.windowcoverings,partitions,doors,byusingrecycledcontenttofurnishtheirfurnitureandequipment.Onaverage,officesin2021.•Reuseprogramme:fit-outshappeneveryeightyearsandareRepairingfurnituretobesoldbackintoresponsibleforathirdofemissionsoverOtherorganisationssuchasGlobechainworkspacesordonated.CBREpartneredthelifeofabuilding.orRheaplyareenablingmaterialwithCrownWorkspacetoassistalifemarketplaces,andByFusionisscienceclientindivertingunwantedHolisticprocurementstrategiescancompressingsingle-useplasticsfromfurniturefromalandfill.Thisreusebreakthesilosbetweenthestakeholdersbuildingstouseasbuildingblocks.programmegenerated£40,000inresaleinvolvedinfit-outsandstrip-outsbyfeesand£12,000worthofdonations,designingspaceswithawastereductionOtherinitiativesfromCBREinclude:providingasecondlifeandreducingmindsetandworkingwithmaterialcarbonemissionstoapproximatelysupplierstoclosethelooponend-of-life•Closed-looprecycling:10,800squaremetresofclearedfixturesmaterialssofewermaterialswouldbeRecyclingcarpettilesasfeedstockandfittings.required.Duringstrip-outs,end-of-lifefornewcarpet.ThroughtheInterfacematerialscanreturntothesupplychainReEntryProgramme,CBREhelpedaSource:CBREtechnologyclientpreventabout1,700CASESTUDY:HungaryleadinginnovationTheprinciplesofL∞Paresimple,buttheinvestorsisclosingtheloopbyprovidingofthecirculareconomyenvironmentalimpactissignificant:thethemareliablesupplyofreclaimedbyenablingthetradeofinitiativehasallowedthemtoavoidtherefrigerantsforcertifiedDaikinunitsattheirreclaimedrefrigerantsyearlyproductionof250.000kgofvirginsites.refrigerantgasesforcoolingandheatingThroughamendmentstothecurrentsystems.TheL∞PbyDaikin–Recover-Howdoes“L∞PbyDaikin–legislation,theHungarianGovernmentReclaim-ReuseforkeyaccountsandRecover-Reclaim-Reuse”work?isencouragingunitownersandservicecompaniestochoosereclamationasanalternativetodisposalforrecoveredfluorinatedgreenhousegases(F-GHG),sothattheyonlybecomewastewhenabsolutelynecessary.Tohelpthishappen,businessesandL∞PbyDaikin–individualscanstore,sell,orprovidetheRecover-Reclaim-Reusecirculareconomyforrefrigerants.refrigerantrecoveredfromtheirownunitsCopyrightsDaikinforreclamationordisposal.Embracingthenewopportunities,Daikin,amemberofHungaryGreenBuildingCouncil(HuGBC),createdtheprogramme“L∞PbyDaikin–Recover-Reclaim-Reuse34”tolowertheenvironmentalimpactofcoolingandheating,especiallyinretailandotherindustries.TheroleoftheExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)ExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)ThankstothelawonthecircularTheFrenchEPRschemewillcovertheisanenvironmentalpolicyapproacheconomypassedin2020,thissystemisconstructionsectorfromMay2023,whichunderwhichproducersaregivenadevelopingevenfurtherandhasmodifiedisconsideredamajordevelopmenttodrivesignificantresponsibility–financialandstrengthenedtheEPRsystem.Inthecollection,sortingandbuild-upoftheand/orphysical–forthetreatmentoraddition,thereisastrongerincentivenecessarybusinessmodeltorecognisethedisposalofpost-consumerproducts.foreco-modulation,fundsdedicatedtovaluetosecondarymaterialstreams.Assigningsuchresponsibilityinprinciplerepair,reuse,andmanyotherproposalsprovidesincentivestopreventwasteatfavourabletotheevolutionofconsumptionthesource,promoteproductdesignforthepatterns36.environmentandsupporttheachievementofpublicrecyclingandmaterialsmanagementgoals35.InFrance,forinstance,theEPRhasbeenpartofthelegislationsince1975.Thelawstatesthatproducers,importersanddistributorsmayberequiredtocontributetothedisposalofwastefromtheirproducts.Since1992,thelawappliestohouseholdwaste,andthenumberofEPRchannelshasincreasedsincetheninFranceandinEurope.CASESTUDY:84HarringtonStreetinCapeTown,SouthAfrica,namedworld’stallesthempbuiltbuilding84HarringtonStreetinCapeTown,SouthHempgrowsquicklyandcontributestothe•IthasexcellentthermalinsulationvaluesAfricaisa12-storeybuildingfeaturingapurificationofcontaminatedsoils,requiresandgoodthermalmasswellabovetotalof50apartmentsbuiltusinghempcretelittlewater,nopesticidesorherbicidesregulationstandardsinSouthAfrica,blocksandhempconstructionmaterials.andisinherentlypestresistant.ThereforeleadingtosubstantialenergysavingsHempcreteisacarbonnegativematerial,itscultivationcanbecompletelytoxin-comparedwithconventionalbuildingmeaningthatitsequestersCO2fromthefree.Thematerialalsohasthecapacitytotechnologies.Thesuperioracousticatmosphere.About108kgofCO2canbemaintainhealthyindoorairquality.performanceensuresprivacybetweenlockedawayasbiomasspercubicmeterofunits.Itissimultaneouslybreathablehempcreteforthelifespanofthebuilding.Thebenefitsofbuildingwithhempinaandinherentlyairtight.Asavapour-multi-storybuilding:permeablebuildingenvelope,itregulatesDevelopedbyHemporiumandAfrimatinternalrelativehumidity,eliminatingHemp,theprojecthassetnewstandardsfor•Hempis100%natural,CO2absorbing,condensationoninternalfaces.constructingmulti-storeybuildingsusingenergysaving,verylightweightandalternativeregenerativebuildingmaterials,durable.Usinghempblocksreduces•HempconstructioncanbeverysimpleinspiredbyhempblockscreatedinEurope.theCO2footprintofabuildinginandlow-tech.IthasthepotentialtoWithitssuitableclimateSouthAfricacouldconstructionaswellasitsoperationalcreateawholenewindustryparticularlyallowforthelarge-scalecultivationofCO2footprint.IthasthepotentialtobearelevantinaSouthAfricancontext.industrialhemp,consideringthathempiszero-wastematerial,aspreviouslyusedaversatilematerialthatcouldbeusedinhempcretecanbereusedandaddedtoFormoreinformationonthetextiles,cosmeticsandevenprocessedtonewmixes.project:Materiality–WOLF+WOLFcreateanalternativetoplastic.Source:HemporiumandAfrimatCASESTUDY:Cutting-edgetechnologiestowardsTheC2Bprojectusesgasseparationmembranesthatallowsomecarbon-neutralconcretecomponentsofagasmixturetopassmorereadilythanothers,andhencecapturingCO2inagaseousstate.In2022,theprojectConcreteisanessentialelementforthebuiltenvironmentasitissuccessfullycompletedtestingprovingthatthemethodologyastrong,durable,andversatilematerialthatcanwithstandgreatisfeasibleforuseincementmanufacturingfacilities.Thenextstresseswithoutyielding.Apartfromprovidingstructuralstrength,phase,startingin2023,willusethesametechnologyatalargerconcretecontributestoenergyefficiencyofbuildingswhenscale,asaone-yeartestdurationaimingtocapture6,000tonnesprovidingthermalmassfortheappropriateapplications.ofCO2.TechnologiestodecarboniseconcreteincludethecarboncaptureinmineralstobeusedaslowemissionrawmaterialingreenHolcimhasalsopartneredwithEnitostoreCO2intoolivine,acementandtheCarbonCaptureUtilisationandStorageprojectswidelyavailablemineral.ResearchersatHolcim’sInnovation(CCUS).Holcim,agloballeaderininnovativeandsustainableCenterareexploringtheuseofthiscarbonatedolivineasanewbuildingsolutions,ispartneringwithresearchorganisationslowemissionrawmaterialfortheformulationofitsgreencement.tofindgloballyscalabletechnologiestoaccelerateindustrialHolcimandEni’sglobaloperations,combinedwitholivine’sbroaddecarbonisation.availabilityworldwide,wouldmaketheCCUSsolutionhighlyscalable.ItwouldenablethepermanentsequestrationofCO2intoHolcimcurrentlyhasover50CarbonCaptureUseandStoragebuildingmaterialsforgreenerconstruction.(CCUS)projectsinvariousstagesofdevelopment,includingtheCarbontoBusiness(C2B)projectattheHövercementplantinSource:HolcimGermanybeingimplementedwithtechnologypartnersCoolPlanetTechnologyandHereon.Linkingnetzeroandcircularitypursuedaspartofastrategytodecarbonisethewholebuildinglifecycle,recognisingtheurgencyofaddressingembodiedTheimplementationofcirculardesignprinciplesisanessentialemissions,whicharebeingreleasedintotheatmospherenow,aspartofthesolutionforanetzerocarbonfuture.Whileindustryhaswecontinuetoextractandmanufacturematerialsandproductstraditionallyfocusedonaddressingoperationalcarbon,increasedforconstruction.Asoperationalcarbonisreduced,embodiedeffortstotackleembodiedcarbonemissionsataglobalscalecarbonwillcontinuetogrowinimportanceasaproportionoftotalmustnowbeequallyprioritised.emissions.WorldGBC’sWholeLifeCarbonVisioncallsforallnewbuildingsFormoreinformation:WholeLifeCarbonVision-WorldGreentobenetzerocarboninoperationandallnewbuildings,BuildingCouncilinfrastructureandrenovationstohaveatleast40%lessembodiedcarbonwithsignificantupfrontcarbonreductionby2030.ByFormoreinformation:2050,allnewbuildings,infrastructureandrenovationsmusthaveWholeLifeCarbonVision-WorldGreenBuildingCouncilnetzeroembodiedcarbon.By2050,allbuildings,includingexistingbuildingsmustbenetzerooperationalcarbon42.NetzeroembodiedcarbonshouldbeCASESTUDY:QuayQuarterTower,SydneyAustralia-Keychallenges:•Acomprehensivestructuraltestingprogramwassettingaglobalbenchmarkforadaptiveimplementedtodeterminethestrengthoftheexistingreuse•Tointegratetheoldstructurewiththenewstructure;structureDesignedandconstructedtohaveanet-positiveorat•Tounderstandtheoriginalstructureandtoretainit;•Thehealthofthestructurewasmonitoredduringtheleastanet-zeroimpactontheenvironment,ratherthanconstructionbytheinstallationofvariousinstrumentsbeingdemolished,theexistingcommercialskyscraper•Tointegratingthenewstructurewiththeoldstructureandsensorstodemonstratethestructuralsufficiencyofwasupcycled,retainingmorethan60%ofitsexistingand;existingstructurestructureandextendingtheasset’sdesignlifeby50yearswithminimalintervention.In2022,theprojectwonthe•Toverifythecomplexdesignofthenewmodel,thefirst•Thelifeoftheassetwasextendedbyatleast50yearsWorldBuildingoftheYearawardattheWorldArchitectureofitskindintheworld.FestivalinLisbon.FormoreinsightonthedesignjourneyandtheCircularityoutcomescollaborationbetweenallthestakeholders,listenheretoTheprojecthasbeencertifiedbyWELL,6StarGreenStarRezaHassinisharethejourneytotransformtheoldAMPOfficeDesignv3,and5.5StarNABERSOfficeEnergyRating•66%ofthebuilding’sexistingcolumns,beamsandslabsCentretotheworldclassQuayQuarterTower.BaseBuilding.Itwasdevelopedinacollaborationbetweenand95%ofitsinternalwallswereretainedArchitects3XN(Danish),BVN(Australian),StructuralFindmoreinformationabouttheprojecthere.EngineersBG&EandADG,MEP/FaçadeEngineers,Arup,•50%ofthebuilding’sresourceswerereusedfromtheandMultiplexConstruction,’’ToachievenetzerotargetsweexistingbuildingSource:VinZeroneededtoworkcollaborativelywithallstakeholderpartiesincludingarchitects,engineersandgovernment.Weneeded•Thereuseofmaterialsresultedinatotalcarbonsavingtothinkoutofthebox,usethelatesttechnologiesandspeedofover7,500tonnes,anestimatedeconomicsavingsofupourdigitalskills.Structuralengineersarefallingbehindon$130millionandanestimatedconstructiontimesavingdigitaltechnology,soweneedtocatchup,buildmomentum,of12monthsandstartusingdigitaltoolseffectivelyinourstructuraldesign.IgetexcitedeverytimeIseeanewdevelopmentandanew•A4Dstructuralmodel(digitaltwininETABS)waswayofdesign,becauseIseeweareclosertoachievingthatdevelopedandcalibratedduringtheconstructiontogreatoutcome”-RezaHassini,BG&E.studythecurrentandfuturestructuralbehaviourCASESTUDY:BurwoodBrickworksShoppingimpacts,anditsimpactsonairqualitywhenusedCentre,Australia-anindustryleadinginternally.Throughoutthedesign,constructionandsustainableretaildesignoperationphasesoftheproject,thewastehierarchyandconstructionhasbeenadoptedandthroughthisprocess,99%ofconstructionwastewasdivertedfromlandfill.DevelopedbyFrasersPropertyAustraliatheBurwoodIn2021,theBurwoodBrickworksformallyachievedBrickworksShoppingCentreprojectteamconductedtheLivingBuildingChallengePetalCertification.‘healthy’materialsresearchtocreateafreelyavailableThecertificationrequiredthedevelopmenttohaveresourceknownastheGreensheetfortheAustraliananet-positiveimpact,operatinginacleanandmarket.efficientmanner.ThissustainableretaildesignandconstructionwasafirstinAustralia,andcurrently,TheGreensheetprovidesacomprehensivelistofnootherretailcentredevelopmentgloballyhasbuildingmaterialsusedinthebuilding’sconstruction,accomplishedthisrating.thislivingdocumentlistssome1,400+buildingmaterialswhichgosignificantlybeyondbeingFormoreinformation:’sustainable’–theyhavebeenthoroughlyvettedBurwoodBrickworksShoppingCentre,basedoncriteriacontributingtotheregenerativeAustraliabuildings’movement.EachproducthasbeenexaminedbasedonfactorssuchasitsplaceofSource:GBCA(GreenBuildingCounciloforigin,materialsusedinitsmanufacture,whetheritisAustralia)responsiblysourced,itsembodiedcarbon,itswasteCASESTUDY:Canada’slargestheritageReusingsteelhasasignificantenvironmentalbenefitThisreuseofsteelissalvagingtheequivalentof1250tonnesrehabilitationprojectoverrecycling,asthere-meltingandshapingofsteelintoofcarbonemissionsfromtheexistingsteel,inadditiontousablemembersaccountsforapproximately95%ofsteel’sreducingembodiedcarbonfromnewsteelbyapproximatelyCanada’s100-year-oldparliamentbuilding,CentreBlockembodiedcarbon.Extensivetesting,aspartoftheseismic120tonnes.inOttawa,isundergoinganextraordinaryretrofitthatupgradesprocess,demonstratedthattheexistingsteelwasblendsheritageconservationwithsensitivecontemporarystructurallysuitableforreuse.Approximately200tonnesConservingandreusinghistoricbuildingsisintegraltoainterventionsincludingseismicupgrades,modernisedwillbereusedwithinCentreBlock,200tonneswillbemadecirculareconomy.Thisprojectdemonstratestheimportancebuildingsystems,andnewspacestosupportparliamentaryavailableforusebyotherprojectswithintheParliamentaryofassessingtheopportunitytoreusematerials,notjustoperations.Precinct,andanyremainingsteelwillberepurposedonotherrecyclethem,andthewiderbenefitsthiscouldbring.projectsorrecycled.TheprojectteamsatWSPandHOKaregoingtogreatFormoreinformation:lengthstopreserveandrepurposeasmuchoftheTherewasaninitialassumptionthatdeconstructingandCanada’sLargestandMostComplexbuilding’sexistingfabricaspossible.Forexample,aspartreusingsteelwouldbeexpensive.Butfollowinganin-depthHeritageRehabilitationProjectoftheseismicupgradesandthedesigninterventions,reviewoftheprocessandcosts,itwasdeterminedtobeapproximately500metrictonnesofsteelwillberemovedcost-neutralandpotentiallycost-savingduetotherisingSource:WSPfromthebuildingandrepurposed.priceofsteel.AccordingtotheISO20887:facilitatealternativeusesevenovertheimpactonitandadjacentassemblies.-Simplicity:isthequalityofanassemblySustainabilityinbuildingscourseofaday.Thiscanreducetheoverall-Independence:allowsparts,components,orsystemthatisdesignedtobeandcivilengineeringworks—buildingfootprint,requiredfloorarea,costs,straightforward,easytounderstandandDesignfordisassemblyandandresources.modulesandsystemstoberemovedmeetperformancerequirementswiththeadaptability,thefollowingorupgradedwithoutaffectingtheleastamountofcustomisation.Itreducesprinciplesshouldbeconsidered-Convertibility:istheabilitytoperformanceofconnectedoradjacentthenumberofelements,componentswhendesigningfor:accommodatesubstantialchangesinsystems.(subcomponents),ormaterialstotheuserneedsbymakingnon-structuralminimumrequiredtoexecutetheintended•Disassembly:1.Easeofaccess,modifications,eitheronaregularor-Avoidanceofunnecessarytreatmentsfunction.irregularbasis.Thiscanimprovetheandfinishes:finishesthatcanpreventthe2.Independence,3.Avoidanceofprofitabilityofaspace,aswellasreducesubstratefrombeingreusedorrecycled-Standardisation:useofcommonunnecessarytreatmentsandfinishes,theneedforotherfacilities,therebyshouldbeavoided.Finishesshouldservecomponents,products,orprocesses4.Supportingreusebusinessmodels,reducingresourceandenergyuse.aspecificpurpose,e.g.forfireand/ortosatisfyamultitudeofrequirements.5.Simplicity,6.Standardisation,corrosionprotection.Theymakeiteasierforcontractorsto7.Safetyofdisassembly-Expandability:istheabilitytodisassemblestructureswhileusingaccommodateasubstantialchangethat-Supportingreusebusinessmodels:thisefficientandrepetitivetechniques.•Adaptability:1.Versatility,supportsorfacilitatestheadditionofnewprincipleisconcernedwithsupportingspace,forinstance,allowingverticalorthemarketforre-used,refurbished,-Safetyofdisassembly:anycomponent,2.Convertibilityand3.Expandability.horizontaladditionsinfloorspace.remanufacturedandrecycledmaterialsmoduleorsystemtobedisassembledandproductsnowandinthefuture,inrequiresadisassemblyplanthatisAdaptabilityprinciplesDisassemblyprinciplessupportofcirculareconomybusinessconsideredattheonsetofdesigntoensuremodels.Designapproachestoprovideitseffectiveness.-Versatility:istheabilitytoaccommodate-Easeofaccess:allowsforcomponents,resourcesforfutureconstructionworksdifferentfunctionswithminorsystemespeciallythosewiththeshortestshouldfacilitatetheuseofsecondaryFormoreinformation:changes,likecommunityroomsorsportanticipatedlifecycle,tobeeasilymaterialsandresourcesinbuildingsandISO20887:2020halls;versatilestructuresandspacesapproached,withminimaldamagetoandinfrastructure.CASESTUDY:PyörreHouse,Finland-thefirstFinnishandtherewerefewmethodsinEuropethatweresuitablespecificallycreatedtodevelopasetofsuitablecriteriabuildingdesignedandconstructedtotestforaquantitativeassessmentofcircularity.Therefore,thethroughwhichbuildingsofalltypes(includingresidential)theEU’sdesigncriteriaforadaptability,assessmentofcircularitywasbasedonacombinationcouldassesstheircarbonfootprintandcarbonhandprint,disassemblyandrecyclabilityofthreecomplementaryassessmentmethods:EU´swherecarbonhandprintisthepositiveactionstakentohaveLevel(s)1,GermanDGNBandtheBuildingCircularityToolapositiveimpactontheclimate-theoppositeoffootprint.PyörreHouseisasteel-framedsingle-storeydetachedhouseofOneClickLCAsoftware,withthiscombinedmethod,itThecarbonhandprintofthebuildingisalmostashighasbuiltfortheLohjaHousingFairin2021.Thebuildinghaswaspossibletoquantifybothclimateburdens(carbonitscarbonfootprint.Thisisduetothegoodrecyclability227m2offloorspaceandtheprimaryconstructionismadefootprint)andpotentialclimatebenefits(carbonhandprint).potentialofthechosenbuildingmaterials,especiallyofsteel.ThehousehasbeendesignedandconstructedAssessmentfortheeaseofdisassemblyandfortheregardingsteelcomponents.toembracelow-carboncircularprinciplesandstrategies.utilisationofdisassembledproductsandmaterialshasbeenOfallthematerialsusedontheproject,itismadeupofmadebasedondesigndocuments.AlthoughtheutilisationFormoreinformation:22.1%recycled,15.3%renewableand62.6%non-renewablewouldtakeplaceinthefuture,itspotentialhasconservativelyHousePyörre,NationalHousingFairatLohja2021,materials.Thedesignteamcarefullymappedtheuseofbeenestimatedaccordingtotoday’spractices.ForexampleMaterialandclimatedeclarationmaterialsandbuildingcomponentsfortheproject,exploringtheloadbearingframesmadeupofsteel,glulamandtimberwaysinwhichthebuildingcouldretainitsvalueandpartsareattachedtoeachotherwithscrewsandattachmentSource:FinlandGBCusefulnessoverthelongterm.platesandwithintheassessmenttheutilisationpotentialofthesebuildingparts,opportunitieswereidentifiedforAnevaluationofthebuildingwascarriedoutduringthethereuseofcomponents,therecyclingofsteelandenergydesignandconstructionphases,beforetakingthebuildingrecoveryofwood.intouse.Atthetimeoftheevaluation,therewerenoofficialmethodsforassessingthecirculareconomyofbuildingsTheprojecthasbeenincludedwithintheMinistryoftheEnvironment’slow-carbonconstructionpilotprogramme,CASESTUDY:Minimisingwasteatdeconstruction,areasnationally.ThesetargetscomplementtheKāingaOraKāingaOra–HomesandCommunitiesEnvironmentStrategywhichincludesarangeofinitiativesaimedatreducingtheimpactofconstructionanddemolitionConstructionanddemolitionwastemayrepresentuptoontheenvironment.50%(6milliontonnesperyear)ofallwastetolandfillsinNewZealand.Consequently,themunicipalityofKāingaOraTheKāingaOramunicipalitycompleteditsfirstpublicestablishedanambitiousdeconstructionanddemolitionhousingdeconstructionproject,where8houseswereprogramme,whichaimstoreuseorrecycleupto80%,removedusingdeconstructionataMountAlbertormore,ofuncontaminatedmaterialsbyweightindevelopmentinAuckland.Theprojectachieved85%AucklandandNorthlanddevelopmentareas,and60%ofdiversionfromlandfill,diverting203tonnesofbuildinguncontaminatedmaterialsinallotherregions.constructionanddemolitionwaste.What’smore,thecostanddurationofthedeconstructionwerefoundtobesimilarTheprogrammeprioritiseshouserelocationandtoconventionaldemolition.deconstructionoverdemolition,whereverpossible.Relocationenablesawholehousetoberepurposed,whileFormoreinformation:deconstructionallowsforgreaterreuseofmaterials.In2021,KāingaOra–HomesandCommunitiesKāingaOraexpandedtherelocationprogrammetocoveratleast7%ofallpublichousesremovedfromdevelopmentSource:NZGBC(NewZealandGreenBuildingCouncil)TheWasteHierarchy:TheDirectivehighlightswastemanagementprinciples,suchas:Inordertominimisenegativeimpactsofwaste,theWasteHierarchywasproposedasa-avoidendangeringhumanhealthandharmingtheenvironment,modeltoestablishpreferredprogrammeprioritiesandevaluateprocessesthatprotect-avoidriskingwater,air,soil,plantsoranimals,resources.-avoidcausinganuisancethroughnoiseorodours,and-avoidadverselyaffectingthecountrysideorplacesofspecialinterestTheEuropeanCommissionforinstance,developedafive-step“wastehierarchy”fortheEUWasteFrameworkDirective,inwhichpreventingwasteisthepreferredoption,andsendingItexplainswhenwasteceasestobewasteandbecomesasecondaryrawmaterial,andhowwastetolandfillshouldbethelastresort50.todistinguishbetweenwasteandby-products.TheDirectivealsointroducesthe“polluterpaysprinciple”andthe“extendedproducerresponsibility”.PREVENTIONPRODUCT(NON-WASTE)OrganisationssuchastheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyfollowasimilarPREPARINGFORREUSEWASTEhierarchyandhighlightthepotentialofenergyrecovery.Convertingnon-recyclablewasteRECYCLINGmaterialsintoelectricityandheatgeneratesarenewableenergysourceandreducescarbonRECOVERYemissionsbyoffsettingtheneedforenergyfromfossilsources,andreducesmethaneDISPOSALgenerationfromlandfills.Afterenergyisrecovered,approximatelytenpercentofthevolumeremainsasash,whichisgenerallysenttoalandfill64.CASESTUDY:Youcan’timprovewhatyoudon’tmeasurewithanenergy-useintensityforthesiteofonly25kilowatt-responsibleoperationalhourspersquaremeter,peryear.A15kilowattphotovoltaicwastemanagementarrayprovidesaround125%oftheenergyneededtorunthe25-personoffice.WhileBraziloffersplentyofsunforTheCuritibaheadquartersofBrazilianengineeringandgreenPetinelli’ssolararray,italsorains200daysoutoftheyearinbuildingconsultingfirm,Petinelli,amembercompanywithCuritiba,consequentlyasystemforharvestingandtreatingUSGBC,wasthefirstbuildingtocertifyusingLEEDZero,rainwaterhasbeeninstalledatthecompany’sheadquarters.aprogrammewhichtracksnetzeroperformanceintheHavingachievedLEEDZeroEnergyandLEEDZeroWastecategoriesofwaste,water,energyandcarbon.Inadditiontocertificationspreviously,theheadquartersfunctionsasaachievingLEEDZeroWaste,thebuildinghasalsoachieved“livinglaboratoryandshowroom”ofperformanceobjectivesambitiousnetzerotargetssetforenergyandwater.thatthefirmencouragesforitsclients.Thezerowasteinitiativeledtopracticesthatcontinued‘Youcan’timprovewhatyoudon’tmeasure’isanessentialtoreducewastewhilsttrainingbuildingoccupantsandprinciplewhenitcomestoimplementingresponsibleduringaoneyearperiod,850kgofwastewascompostedoperationalwastemanagementpractices,wherewasteinsteadofsenttolandfill.Atthesametime,wastereductionstreamsneedtobemeasured,monitoredandimproveduponstrategieswereimplementedtoavoidtheuseofsingleoverthebuilding’sentireoperationalphase.useitemssuchaspaperandplasticandthuspreventedtheuseof70kgofthesematerialsduringtheassessmentFormoreinformation:period.The440-square-meterofficebuildingishousedinaPetinelliCuritibaconvertedwarehousewhereallenergyisproducedon-site,Source:USGBCCASESTUDY:JPMorganChaseHQ-NewYorkCity’sTheprojectispartofNewYorkCity’sMidtownEastrezoningfirstall-electric,circularandnet-zeroplan.Thetowerwillrisetoaheightof423metresover60skyscraperstoreysonitsprojectedcompletionin2025.Hostingavariedprogrammethatwillbuildonthelegacyofitspredecessor,LocatedattheheartofManhattan,Foster+Partnersthenewtowerwillintegrategreenspaces,astreetlevelconceptualisedthisbuildingasthecity’sfirstall-electricpublicplaza,and2.5millionsquarefeetofflexibleandtower,withaprogrammethatprioritisesemployeewellnesscollaborativeworkspace.andsustainability.NormanFoster,FounderandExecutiveChairmanofFosterTheprojectrecycled,reusedorupcycled97%ofthebuilding+Partners,statesinanofficialrelease,“270ParkAvenuematerialsfromthedemolition–farexceedingthe75%issettobeanewlandmarkthatrespondstoitshistoricrequirementoftheleadinggreenbuildingstandard.It’s100%location,aswellasthelegacyofJPMorganChaseinNewpoweredbyrenewableenergysourcedfromahydroelectricYork.Theuniquedesignrisestothechallengeofrespectingplant.Inadditiontooperatingonnetzerocarbonemissions,therhythmanddistinctivestreetscapeofParkAvenue,whilethebuildingwillusestate-of-the-artbuildingtechnologyaccommodatingthevitaltransportinfrastructureofthecityandsystemstoensureitoperatesasefficientlyaspossible,below.”includingintelligentbuildingtechnologythatusessensors,AIandmachinelearningsystemstopredict,respondandadaptFindmoreinformationabouttheprojecthere.toenergyneeds;advancedwaterstorageandreusesystemstoreducewaterusagebymorethan40%.Source:Foster+PartnersThePlanetaryBoundaries:Theplanetaryboundariesconceptpresentsasetofnineplanetaryboundarieswithinwhichhumanitycancontinuetodevelopandthriveforgenerationstocome.Crossingtheseboundariesincreasestheriskofgeneratinglarge-scaleabruptorirreversibleenvironmentalchanges.Sincethentheplanetaryboundariesframeworkhasgeneratedenormousinterestwithinscience,policy,andpractice55.AnalysisofplanetaryboundariesovershootbyCircularEconomy:Formoreinformation:CGR2023CASESTUDY:CreatingCircularMaterials,CompatiblehaveworkedextensivelywiththeirsupplierstoensurethatHealthProductDeclarationCollaborative-OpenStandardwithLife:AcompilationofleadingindustrytheproductstheyusewillbringtheCircularEconomyeverBuildingGreen–ProductGuidanceresourcestoguidehealthy,closer.MindfulMaterials-TheCommonMaterialsFrameworknon-toxicmaterialuseinbuildingsSalesforce–HealthyandSustainableMaterialsGuideForyears,CircularitypractitionershaveneededtodevelopanTheDurstOrganization–BuildingCaseStudiesItiswidelyunderstoodthatcircularityisthepracticebyadvancedknowledgeoftoxicologytobeabletoasktherightwhichresourcesaremanagedinwaysthatprovidebenefitquestionsoftheirsupplychaintoexcludeanythingsuspectedHarvardUniversity–HarvardHealthierBuildingMaterialstoalllife,asystemssolutionframeworkthattacklestobeharmfultolife.Toincreasetheaccessibilityofcircular,Academyglobalchallengeslikeclimatechange,biodiversityloss,sustainableandhealthymaterials,expertsatBrightworkswaste,andpollution.OurresourcesbeginaspartoftheSustainabilityhavepartneredwithvisionaryleadersthroughIncreatingtheseresources,thematerialhealthexpertsatearth,andwillcontinuetobecircular,providedtheyareyearsofstakeholderengagementandmaterialvettingtoBrightworksandourpartnershavebeensupportedbytheappropriatelyextractedandmanaged.Boththemostofferthefollowingfreeandcomprehensiveresources(seefoundationalworkcompletedbyourpeersaroundtheworld:essentialandcomplextaskinpracticingcircularityislistedbelow).achievingthisbyengagingwithstakeholdersintheextractionTheGreenSciencePolicyInstitute-TheSixClassesandmanufacturingcommunityatalllevels,toensurethatTheseleadingorganisationshavecommittedtoprioritisingproductsarenotharmfultohumansorthenaturalworldatalltheuseofresponsiblymanufacturedmaterials,whichTheLivingFutureInstitute-TheRedListstagesoftheirlife.arehealthyandlow-carbon,andexcludeanysubstancessuspectedtobeharmfultohumansortheenvironment,TheHealthyBuildingNetwork–HomeFreeSource:BrightworksSustainability,Salesforce,whichhasapositiveimpactforbuildingoccupants,aswellasHarvardUniversity,andTheDurstOrganizationpeopleandcommunitiesthroughoutthesupplychain.TheyTheEuropeanCommission–REACHCASESTUDY:MODULATIO’designsbiomimicryMODULATIO’isayoungstart-upwhosemissionistosignificantlyreducingtheCO2footprintofthesolutionsolutionsforindustryhelpindustryreducetheconsumptionofrawmaterials.fromoptimisedmaterialdesign.ThelowerweightresultsinTherefore,MODULATIO’isworkingonseveralprojectswithlesstransportationandtheoptimisationofotherstructuralWithinastructure,stressisnotdistributedevenly:someareasmultinationalcompanies,includingMINrAll:aconstructionparts,suchasfoundations.mustwithstandconsiderableconstraint,whileothershavesystemco-developedwithHOLCIMandSIKA.Itcombinesmoderateorlittleforceexerteduponthem.So,thequestiontwotechnologies:CarbonPrestressedConcrete(CPC)Slabs•Participateinthecirculareconomy.Themodularapproachis:Whyusethesamedensityofmaterialeverywhere?andMODULATIO’structures.CPCslabsareoneofHolcim’sallowsthedisassemblingandreusingofcomponents.TheInspiredbythisquestion,MODULATIO’createdasolutionlow-carbonmaterials;theyusehigh-strengthconcretesystemismostlymineral(nosteelbars).Thismeansitisinspiredbynatureandreplicablewithdifferentmaterials:Thereinforcedwithprestressedcarbonfiberstomakethemupeasytorecycleattheproduct’sendoflife.AlveolarandLatticeStructureswithVariationofEffortandto5timesthinnerandlighterthanatraditionalreinforcedDensity(SALVED).concreteslab.CPCpanelshaveahightensileresistance,•Industrialiseproduction.CPCslabsandMODULATIO’swhereasMODULATIO’structureshaveahighresistancestructuresaremanufacturedbyHolciminoff-sitefacilitiesThistechnology(MODULATIO’spatented)makespossibletocompression.MINrALLmakesasandwichwithbothandconnectedbySika.Theprefabricatedsolutionsaretoadaptthequantityofamaterialtospecificneeds.Thecomponentsinordertoachieveresilienceandrigidity.fastandeasytoinstallon-site.mechanicalperformanceisequivalenttoasolidstructure,with2or3timeslessmaterial,weight,andCO2emissions,MINrAllenablestheconstructionsectorto:ThefirstapplicationofMINrALLwillbeonaheavyvehicleandsincethesestructuresareobtainedbymolding,theybridge.Thepilotofthislow-carbon,lightandcircular-canbemass-producedandadaptedtodifferentmaterials.•Savenaturalresources.Atthisstageofthestudy,MINrALLconstructedbridgeisscheduledfor2024.SALVEDhasotherkeyfeaturessuchasheatdissipation,providesupto49%reductioninmaterialconsumptionsoundattenuationandvibrationabsorption.andmass.ThenextdevelopmentstepswillfocusonSource:MODULATIO’CASESTUDY:ApplePark-Acampustopromotemiles)ofwalkingandjoggingtrails.Therearenowover9,000creativity,innovationandwellbeingtreesonsite,includingindigenousoaksandorchards,aswellasmeadows,sportsfields,terracesandasecludedpond.TheApplePark,inCupertinoCalifornia,wasconceivedasaprojectfullyconnectedwithnature-itslandscapeandTheRingBuildingofthecampusisoneofthemostbuildingsareallencompassedbyflowingparklandthatadvancedprecastconcretestructuresintheworld,withoverenhancesthebuildingsasplacestosocialise,exerciseand4000‘voidslabs’,whichformthestructureandexposedwork.Thecampusispoweredby100%renewableenergy,ceiling,incorporateradiantheatingandcooling,andprovideandisthelargestLEEDPlatinum-certifiedofficebuildinginairreturn.NorthAmerica.Formoreinformation:The71-hectare(175-acre)sitewaspreviouslydominatedAppleParkOfficesandHeadquartersbyimpervioussurfaces.Today,thegreenspacehasbeenincreasedfrom20%to80%withoversixkilometres(fourSource:Foster+PartnersCASESTUDY:ThePledgeforTransparencyandPerformanceinMaterialsThecallforEnvironmentalProductDeclarations(EPDs)has•Naturalresourcesandcirculareconomy:80%reductioninexponentiallyincreasedinthelastcoupleofdecadesasaresultnon-recoveredproductionwaste;30%increaseinvirginrawofthecallformoretransparencyfromusers,developersandmaterialsavoided;authorities.Infact,theEPDcreditisthemostpopularMaterials&ResourcescreditintheLEEDratingsystemandSeveral•Water:50%reductioninindustrialwaterwithdrawal,zeromanufacturingcompanies,suchasSaint-Gobainhaveembraceddischargeindroughtareas;thismovementandareraisingthebarinthecircularitygoals.•Packaging:100%recyclablepackaging,containingmorethanSaint-Gobainincludedthefollowingstrategiesinits30%recycledorbiosourcedmaterials.decarbonisationroadmapandthe2030commitmentsoftheirenvironmentalstrategy:Formoreinformation:ClimatechangeSaint-Gobain•Productportfolio:third-partyverifiedEnvironmentalProductDeclarations(EPD),basedonLifeCycleAnalysis(LCA)for100%oftheproducts;CASESTUDY:TheGreenFactorMethodManycitiesincountriesliketheUK,Germany,Sweden,FinlandandtheUSareusingtheGreenFactorMethodtoensurethaturbanregenerationprojectsmaximisethemultiplebenefitsofgreenandblueinfrastructureindeliveringresilient,healthyandenvironmentallyfriendlycities.TheGreenFactorMethodisanecologicaltoolusedtomitigatetheeffectsofconstructionbyensuringsufficientquantityandqualityofgreeninfrastructure.CitieslikeBerlinusetheBiotopeAreaFactor(BAF)astheratiooftheecologicallyeffectivesurfaceareatothetotallandarea,andinthecalculation,theindividualpartsofaplotoflandareweightedaccordingtotheir“ecologicalvalue”,wheresealedsurfaces,forinstance,wouldhaveaweightingfactorof0.0andsurfaceswithvegetation,connectedtothesoilbelowwouldhaveaweightingfactorof1.063.Formoreinformation:Helsinki_GreenFactorCASESTUDY:MakingthecaseforCleanConstruction:adoptcircularanddecarbonisedmeasuresontheirbuiltMexicoCityenvironment.Thecity’sleadershipstemsfromtheirfirmcircularapproachonpreventionandreductionfirst,followedImplementingCleanConstructionprinciplesispartofthebymaterialreuseandmarkets.Therefore,thegoalistosolutiontoaresilient,resource-efficient,decarbonizedandensurethatinfrastructureisinplacetosupportanypolicyjustconstructionecosystemthatensuresallpeopleenjoyrequirements.Theapproachistobolsterthreedistinctareas:thrivingandhealthyurbanlives.SincesigningtheC40CleanConstructionAcceleratorin2020,MexicoCityhasintegrated1.Thenetworkofsuppliersandreceivers,ambitiousstrategiestotacklethenegativeimpactsofour2.Avirtualinventoryandassetmanagementplatform,currentconstructionsystems,suchastheuseofrecycled3.Physicallaydownspace.materials,guidelinesforunderusedassetsandurbangreeningprojectsarebeingpromotedthrougheconomicincentive,buildingcodesandenvironmentalstandards,scalingupthetransition.SanFranciscoco-ledthedevelopmentoftheC40AdvancingFormoreinformation:TowardsZeroWasteAcceleratorin2018,whichaimstoMakingacaseforCleanConstructionincitiesreducedisposaltolandfillorincinerationby50%by2030,usinga2015baselineandreducethegenerationofwasteSource:C40by15%.BysigningtheC40CleanConstructionAcceleratorin2021,SanFranciscoreinforceditscommitmenttoCASESTUDY:LaBordasocialhousingcomplexinBarcelonaCo-operativeinvolvementwascrucialfordefiningtheproject’scapturingsolarheatenergyduringthewinteranddrawinginthesharedlaundryroomwithfivewashingmachinesthatenvironmentalstrategies;theparticipationofthebuildingadditionalventilationthroughthesummer.LaBordahasarequirelessenergytorunthanonemachineperhousehold.occupantsinallphases,fromthedesigntotheconstructioncentralisedsystemtogeneratehotwaterandheatingusingaMonitoringenergydatarevealedthat,despiteitscommunalandfurtheroperationalmanagement,wasessential.Labiomassboiler,andsolarpanelswereinstalledontheupperusage,adisproportionateamountofenergywasbeingBordasocialhousingcomplexinBarcelonawasdriventerrace.expendedbythelaundryfacilities;asaresultonlyoneofthebyitsfocusoncommunity,proposinganewparadigminmachinesrunswithhotwaterandenergyconsumptionhassocialhousingfocussingonthebasicsofsocial,communalTheco-operativedecidedtonotbuildundergroundparkinggonedown.spaces.Thebuildingisthehighestconstructedbuildingfromforcarsandestimatedasaving,after75years,(constructioncross-laminatedtimber(CLT)inSpain.CLTiswell-knownanduse)of500-800tonnesofcarbondioxide.ThisstrategyAttheheartofthisprojectisanunderstandingofthelinkforitscarbonsequestrationbenefitsandtypicallyshorteralsogivesadirectbenefitinsustainablemobilityandreducingbetweensocialandenvironmentaljustice.constructionperiodrequired.theinhabitants’ecologicalfootprint.However,toachievethischangesintheregulationswereneeded;thiswasmadeatcityFormoreinformation:Passivebioclimaticstrategiesweredeveloped,withsolutionslevelinBarcelona,andnowappliestoallnewbuildings.Sustainablebuilding,sustainableliving:LaBorda,thatinvolvetheusers’activeroleinclimatemanagement.AllBarcelonabyLacoltheresidentialunitsareorganisedaroundacentralcourtyardCommunaldecisionshavebeenincorporatedintotheandbeneathapolycarbonateroofthatactsasagreenhouse,building’smanagement,wherecommunalfacilities,suchasSource:C40CASESTUDY:LightasaService(LaaS)traditionaltoLEDlightingwasidentifiedasanefficientandcost-effectiveproject.LightingasaService(LaaS)isabusinessmodelinwhichlightingistreatedasaserviceandacontractissetbasedSofar,AirLiquidehaslaunchedtheALightprojectacrossonasubscription.Themodelenablescustomerstoreduce31sitesinEurope,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,leadingtotheinstallationandmaintenancecostwhilesignificantlyinstallationofmorethan8,600newLEDfixtures,reducingreducingCO2emissions.energyconsumptionbyanestimated2,840Megawatt-hoursperyearandCO2emissionsbyaround770tonnesperyear.Tosupportthesegoals,Signify,aworldleaderinlighting,Thiscomparestotheyearlyemissionsofaround270cars,created“ALight”-aprojectdesignedspecificallytohelpor300round-tripflightsfromParistoNewYork—andAirreducethebuildingcarbonfootprintofthecompanyAirLiquideisshowingnosignsofstoppingthere!Liquid,whileachievingeconomicalsavings,andimprovingtheworkspaceenvironmentwithhighqualitylighting.Findmoreinformationhere.AirLiquideisaimingtoreduceitsCO2emissionsby33%bySource:C402035versus2020,andtargetingfullcarbonneutralityby2050.That’swhyanupgradeofthelightingnetworkfromCASESTUDY:ArdenPrecinct–CircularEconomyEmbeddedintoMasterplanningandBuildingDesignThroughtheadoptionofcirculareconomyprinciples,a•Significantcontributiontonet-zerocarbonemissionstargets•Endofservicestakeholders:disassembleand/orhandlepioneeringprecinct-widewastemanagementplanhasbeen•ExtensivefinancialsavingsmaterialsatendoftheircurrentusesotheymaybekeptindevelopedfortheArdenPrecinctinthenorthofMelbourne,•EnhancedsocialcapitaluseorreturnedtothesystemAustralia.This44.6-hectaredevelopmentwillaccommodate34,000jobsand15,000residents.ItaspirestosetthestandardTheprocessofembeddingcirculareconomythroughoutthe•Communityandbuildingusers:communityinitiatives,suchforbestpracticeinsustainableurbanrenewal,aimingtoArdenPrecinctvariesaccordingtothestatusofdifferentzonesashubsforupcycling,reuse,repairingandsharing;on-sitebecomeMelbourne’sfirstcircularandtowardzerowasteoftheproject:communitygardencomposting;plasticfreezones;spacesprecinct,inlinewithnet-zerocarbonemissionstargetsbyallocatedtomaterialsstorage2040.•BrownfieldzonesrequiringnodemolitionrepresenttheidealopportunitytoapplycirculardesignstrategiesfromdesignThestrategywillsettheinitialdirectionandwillbereviewedTheArdenCircularEconomyStrategyprovidespracticalthroughtoconstruction.Itmayincludenewstructuresandadaptedovertimetomeettheevolvingneedsofthelocalguidanceonhowcirculareconomyprinciplescanbedesignedfordisassemblyattheendoftheirlifecycles,communityandenvironment.embeddedintomasterplanningandbuildingdesign,inatherebyeliminatingfuturedemolitionwaste.holisticapproachthatspansthewholelifecycleoftheproject.Formoreinformation:Itincludes:•DevelopedzoneswithexistinginfrastructurefocusonArdenPrecinct–towardsaresilient,reusingexistingbuildingsandmaterialsasfaraspossible.zerowasteandcircularprecinct•Identifyingtargetsinlinewithcirculareconomyprinciples•PreservingheritagevalueThestrategyexploresopportunitiesforstakeholdersateverySource:WSP•Ensuringadequatespatialallocationstageoftheprecinct’slifecycletocontributetoitscirculareconomyoutcomes:Toeffectivelytransitiontoacirculareconomy,amindsetshiftisrequired,fromviewing‘waste’asaproblemthatneeds•Designstakeholders:integratecirculardesignprinciplestobedisposedof,to‘materials’withvalueforreuse,repair,fromtheoutsetrepurposingandrecycling.Thebenefitsofthisinclude:•Constructionstakeholders:minimisetheimpactofconstructionpractices•Operationalstakeholders:utilisethedesigneffectivelyandkeepmaterialsinuseaslongaspossiblethroughreuseandrepairCASESTUDY:ACity´sLeadershiptoUnlockFullCircularityPotential–SanFranciscoWiththegoaltobeanetzerocarboncityby2040withoutTheapproachistobolsterthreedistinctareas:TheBuildingResourcesInnovationCenter(BRIC)isunderthepurchaseofoffsets,theCityofSanFranciscohasseendevelopment.Thegoalistocreateareplicablesecondaryincircularityanopportunitytooptimiseresourcesandtackle1.Thenetworkofsuppliersandreceivers,marketforcommercialbuildingmaterialsinterwovenwithclimatechange.Thevisionwaskey:whiletheprivatesectoris2.Avirtualinventoryandassetmanagementplatform,novelcircularityprogrammes,aswellascommunityservices.akeyinnovatoranddeveloper,thepublicsectorneedstobea3.Physicallaydownspace.Someideasincludepilotingan“escrow”processforthefacilitatortoovercomeobstacles.temporarystorageofsalvageproductstoaggregatethelargerAsanexampletoenhancenetworking,theBayAreaAllForproductquantitiesrequiredforcommercialconstruction,SanFranciscoco-ledthedevelopmentoftheadvancingReuseAlliancewascreatedinpartnershipwithaneighbouringandalastmileextendedproducerresponsibilityprogrammetowardzerowastedeclarationin2018,whichaimstoreducemunicipality,theBusinessCouncilonClimateChange,andtogathertargetedproductsenmassefordonationfirst,disposaltolandfillorincinerationby50%by2030,usingatheAllForReuseInitiative.Whilethereareeducationalandandtheneventualpickupbythemanufacturer.TheBRIC2015baselineandreducethegenerationofmaterialsbynetworkingelements,theprimarypurposesoftheAlliancearecomponentsthemselveswillbeadaptableanddesignedfor15%.Afterprevention,theCitybelievesthatmaterialreusetosignontoacommonpledgeandcreateindividualactiondisassemblyandreassemblysothatitcanberelocatedifandmarketsarecriticalforcircularity.Therefore,thegoalisplanstoincreasereusewithineachorganisation,withafocusnecessarytorespondtothecity’sevolvingurbanfabric.toensurethatthereisinfrastructureinplacetosupportanyontenantimprovementprojects.requirements.Formoreinformation:https://sfenvironment.org/building-materials-management.Sustainablefinancecatalysing•InEurope,since2017,largecompanies(listedwithover•UNPrinciplesforResponsibleInvestment:ThesixPrinciplesESGdisclosure500employees)mustcomplywiththeEUNon-Financialweredevelopedtoassistinvestors,theyofferamenuofReportingDirective(NFRD),whichrequiresdisclosureofpossibleactionsforincorporatingESGissuesintoinvestmentTheinvestmentlandscapeischanging–sustainablefinancesocialandenvironmentalissuesinannualreports,andbypractice,suchasadvocatingforESGtrainingforinvestmentisnolongeratrendbutagroundswell.Theflowofcapital2023,theNFRDwillbeexpandedwiththeCorporateSocialprofessionals95.towardsESGorientedfundshasexperiencedasteepexponentialResponsibilityDirective(CSRD),whichwillintroducestricterincrease;inthethirdquarterof2021globalsustainablefundshitreportingrequirementsunderthenewEUsustainability•GRESB:ProvidesvalidatedESGperformancedataandpeerarecordhighof$3.9trillion,morethandoublinginlessthan12reportingstandardsandinlinewiththeEUTaxonomy.benchmarksforinvestorstoimprovebusinessintelligence,months90.Thistrendreflectsgrowinginterestfromprivatefirmsindustryengagementanddecision-makingbyinvestmentinsustainableandenergytransitionprojects.Oneofthemain•IntheUS,ESGreportingislargelynotmandatory,butthatprofessionals96.reasonsisthatcompaniesthatcandemonstratesustainablemightbechanging;theExecutiveOrderonClimate-RelatedsupplychainsandgoodhumanrightsrecordsarelessvulnerableFinancialRiskin2021includedacallforpublicdisclosureof•ScienceBasedTargetsinitiative(SBTi):Enablestheprivatetoenvironmentalshocksorreputationaldamage91.Additionally,suchrisks93.sectortosetscience-basedemissionsreductiontargets.climatechangeandothersocietalchallengesalsoposeThesetargetsprovideapathwayforcompaniestoreducesignificantinvestmentrisksthatareincreasinglyrecognisedbyThemostprominentreportingframeworksforthebuiltemissions,preventtheworstimpactsofclimatechangeandthefinancialsector,andtransformativeactioncanbetakentoenvironmentsectorinclude(attimeofpublicationinclude,butfuture-proofbusinessgrowth97.future-proofassetsandreduceportfolioriskfrombothregulatoryarenotlimitedto):andphysicalclimatedamagedrivers.•CRREM(CarbonRiskRealEstateMonitor):CRREMisatool•WorldGreenBuildingCouncilNetZeroCarbonBuildingsthatallowsinvestorsandpropertyownerstoassesstheirESGreportingisatoolthatcommunicatesactionsandCommitment:TheCommitmentprovidesaframeworktoassetstorisksbasedonenergyandemissiondataandtheperformancetowardssustainability.Therefore,ithasbeenrecogniseandpromoteadvancedclimateleadershipactionanalysisofregulatoryrequirements98.globallyusedbytheprivatesectoronavoluntarybasis,butinfrombusinesses,organisations,citiesandsubnationalviewofthecapabilitiesofthetoolandtheneedtoacceleratethegovernmentsindecarbonisingthebuiltenvironment,to•ClimateBondsInitiative:DevelopedtheClimateBondstransitiontosustainablesocieties,severalinitiativesworldwideinspireotherstotakesimilaractionandremovebarrierstoStandardandCertificationSchemetohelpdrivedownthearegraduallyintroducingmandatoryreporting:implementation.costofcapitalforclimateprojectsindevelopedandemergingmarkets99.•InJune2021,theG7FinanceMinistersannouncedtheir•TheTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosuressupportformandatoryESGdisclosures,statingthat(TCFD):Providesrecommendationstocompaniesonthe•TheEUTaxonomy:TheEUPlatformonSustainableFinance,suchdisclosures“provideconsistentanddecision-usefultypesofinformationthatcompaniesshoulddisclosetoproposedinMarch2022,thatbuildingscompriseatleast50%informationformarketparticipantsthatwillhelpmobilisesupportinvestors.Therecommendationsarestructuredfromacombinationofre-usedcomponents,recycledcontent,thetrillionsofdollarsofprivatesectorfinanceneeded,aroundfourthematicareasincluding:governance,strategy,orresponsibly-sourcedrenewablematerials,andthatatandreinforcegovernmentpolicytomeetournetzeroriskmanagement,andmetricsandtargets.Thisinformationleast90%ofthenon-hazardousconstructionanddemolitioncommitments”92.helpsinvestorsinassessingandpricingrisksrelatedtowastegeneratedontheconstructionsiteispreparedforre-climatechange94.useorrecycling100.[TheserecommendationsaresubjectedtomodificationsfromtheEuropeanCommission.]Pasaportedematerialesyactivossostenibles(P+MAS)The“SustainableMaterialsandAssetsPassport:P+MAS”isaprojectdevelopedandmanagedbyChileGreenBuildingCouncil(ChileGBC)andtheTechnologicalCenterforInnovationinConstruction(CTeC),bothbeingnon-profitorganizationsandspecialists,promotingsustainabilityandinnovationintheconstructionsectorinChile.ThisinitiativeispartofthecirculareconomychallengesfortheconstructionsectorofCORFO(agencyoftheMinistryofEconomy).CirculariteitWhatisourgoal?TheenvironmentalimpactoftheconstructionsectorintheNetherlandswillbe50%lowerin2030comparedto2020,withrawmaterialsbeingreusedasmuchaspossible.CircularEconomy-ClosingloopsmeansbeingfitforthefutureInrecentyears,theterm“circulareconomy”hasbecomeincreasinglywidespreadandhasalsoreachedtheconstructionindustry.Thereareavarietyofleversforimplementingtheconceptintheconstructionandrealestatesector.Inthereport“CircularEconomy-Closingloopsmeansbeingfitforthefuture”,theDGNBhasgatheredstrategicfieldsofactionandinformstherelevantstakeholdersabouthowtheycanactivelyparticipateinthetransformationtowardsacirculareconomy.Buildingownersandplannersareprovidedwithatoolboxthatshowshowtheideaofcirculareconomycanberealisedintheirconcreteproject.ResponsibleProductsFrameworkACircularEconomyDiscussionPaperThevisionoftheFrameworkistodrivethesupplyThecirculareconomyhasbeenhighlightedasoneofchaintodelivertransparent,healthy,low-impact,andthemegatrendsshapingthenextphaseofthebuiltnetzerocarbonproductsthatarepartofacircularenvironment.Momentumisgatheringacrosstheeconomy.TheFrameworkoutlinescriteriaforworld;however,Australiaislaggingbehindcountriesscoringhow‘responsible’aproductis,andtosupportinEuropeandAsia.thebuiltenvironmentindustryinadaptingtoanddrivingthischange.MindfulMaterials(aframeworkbasedonestablishedindustryprotocolssuchasEPDs)andGBCA’sResponsibleProductsFrameworkbothsetoutsimilarcriteriarelevantforbuildingproductsandmaterials,showcasingcoreattributesforaresponsibleproduct.TheGBCA’sframeworkdefinestheseattributesacrossfourcategories:Responsible,Healthy,Positive,andCircular.AdditionallyGBCAisdevelopingitsGreenStarFitoutstooltofocusprimarilyoncircularity.Thiswillrewardtheimplementationofcircularprinciples,suchas,materialandproductreuseanddesignfordisassembly.CircularEconomyintheBuildingSectorSpainbegan2020with26millionhomesoccupying977millionm2ofbuiltareaandafurther679millionm2occupiedbynon-residentialbuildings,jointlyaccountingfor40%ofthecountry’sCO2emissionsand30%ofenergyconsumption;andwiththeobligationtoachievea55%reductioninemissionsand40%inenergyconsumptionby2030.SustainableBuiltEnvironmentPublicationsGreenBuildingCouncilFinlandproducestudiesandoperatingmodelsthatenablethoseworkinginthefieldtoacceleratetheirownresponsibleoperations.Allourpublicationsarefreetodownload.CICGreenProductCertificationTheConstructionIndustryCouncil(CIC)andtheHongKongGreenBuildingCouncil(HKGBC)aretheauthoritativeorganisationsleadingtheconstructionandgreenbuildingindustriesinHongKong.Withtheirstrongbackings,CICGreenProductCertificationwillbedevelopedastheprimarycertificationschemeservingthelocalbuildingandconstructionindustry.PolicyPositionPaperGBCItaliaisdevotedtothetransformationofthemarkettowardsbuildingsthatoptimisethieruseofresourcesthroughoutthewholelifecycle.TheJengaGreenLibraryTheJengaGreenLibraryisadirectoryofGreenBuildingMaterialsandServicesdevelopedbyKenyaGreenBuildingSociety(KGBS)inpartnershipwithFSDKenya.Itaspirestobeaone-stop-shopfordisplayingtheentiresupplychainofsustainablebuildingmaterialsandservices.ThinkTwiceBeforeDemolishingThinktwicebeforedemolishingisanideabookletwithadviceforcarryingoutasuccessfulconstructionprojectwithoutdemolition.TRUETRUEisazerowastecertificationprogrammededicatedtomeasuring,improvingandrecognisingzerowasteperformance.SystemEnablersforaCircularEconomyCirculareconomyguidanceforconstructionclientsUKGBC’snewprogrammeofworkfocusesonsystemenablersforacirculareconomy.WhileUKGBChasproducedacirculareconomycirculareconomyprinciplesincreasinglyfindtheirguidanceforconstructionclients,whichprovideswayintoconstructionprojects,awidespreadcomprehensivepracticalguidancetosupportadoptionatscaleisstillnothappening.Matchingconstructionclientswhowanttoaskforcircularsupplyanddemandofreusedmaterials,questionsprinciplesintheirprojectbriefsfornon-domesticaroundriskandwarrantyandlegalframeworksarebuiltassets.justsomeoftheareasthatcurrentlystopacirculareconomyfrombecomingmainstream.BeyondTheBusinessCaseEUPolicyWholeLifeCarbonBringingEmbodiedCarbonUpfrontRoadmapThe‘BeyondtheBusinessCase’reportReleasedin2019,thepioneeringBringingprovidesatimelyanduniqueperspectiveWorldGBChasconvenedleadersfromEmbodiedCarbonUpfrontreportdemandsfordecisionmakerstoaccelerateacrossthevaluechaintoformulatearadicalcross-sectorcoordinationtothebuiltenvironment’ssustainabilitydetailedplanforhowEUpolicymakersandrevolutionisethebuildingsandconstructiontransformation;bycapitalisingonthethebuildingandconstructionsectorcansectortowardsanetzerofuture,andtackleeconomicopportunities,addressingriskworktogethertofullydecarbonisebuildingsembodiedcarbonemissions.mitigationand,importantly,embracingtheandconstructionby2050.socialvaluecase.MeasuringCircularBuildings–TheBusinessCaseforCircularCircularEconomy-KeyConsiderationsBuildings:Exploringtheeconomic,PractitionerGuideenvironmentalandsocialvalueBuildingonWBCSD’sCircularTransitionThePractitionerGuideisdesignedtohelpIndicatorsmethodology,thisdraftwhiteThisreportarticulatesthebusinesscaseofyouaccelerateyourtransitiontowardsthepaperisafirststeptowardcreatingpursuingcircularityinthebuiltenvironmentcirculareconomy.aunifiedframeworkforthebuiltconsistingoftheeconomicvalueenvironment,settingoutkeyconsiderationsalongsideabroadervaluecase,includingformeasuringcircularbuildings.Itdefinesenvironmentalandsocialfactors.Itbringswhatcompaniesneedtomeasure,howtotogetherqualitativeandquantitativemeasureitandhowtointerprettheresultsresearchidentifyinghowtoderivevaluetoassesshowcircularabuildingis.andwhocouldcapturethatvalue.ThisreportcomplementstheWorldGreenBuildingCouncil’s(WorldGBC)BeyondtheBusinessCasereport.BuiltEnvironment:ReimaginingOurBuildingsandSpacesforaCircularEconomyOurbuiltenvironment–madeupofthebuildings,roads,infrastructureandotherhuman-madefeaturesofoursurroundings–usesalmosthalfthematerialsextractedgloballyeveryyearandisasignificantcontributortogreenhousegasemissions.Currentprojectionsestimatethatbetweennowand2060acrosstheworldtheequivalentofthecityofPariswillbebuilteachweek.CircularBuildingsToolkitAruphasdevelopedtheCircularBuildingsToolkit(CBT),withourpartnerstheEllenMacarthurFoundation,tohelpdesigners,constructionclientsandassetownerstounderstandhowtoadoptthisvastlymoresustainablewayofproducingthebuiltenvironment.CIRCULARITYworldgbc.orgACCELERATOR

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