第第43 卷卷第第4期期
2022 年年8月月
Vol.43 No.4
Aug. 2022
发 电 技 术发 电 技 术
Power Generation Technology
直接空气捕碳材料研究进展
王焕君 1,2,刘牛 1,2,郑棹方 1,2,邢侠 3,郜时旺 1,2,
刘练波 1,2,牛红伟 1,2,郭东方 1,2*
(1. 高效灵活煤电及碳捕集利用封存全国重点实验室(中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院
有限公司),北京市 昌平区 102209;2. 二氧化碳捕集与处理北京市重点实验室(中国华能
集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司),北京市 昌平区 102209;3. 华能上海石洞口发电
有限责任公司,上海市 宝山区 200942)
Research Progress of Materials for Direct Capture of CO2From Ambient Air
WANG Huanjun1,2, LIU Niu1,2, ZHENG Zhaofang1,2, XING Xia3, GAO Shiwang1,2,
LIU Lianbo1,2, NIU Hongwei1,2, GUO Dongfang1,2*
(1. National Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage
(China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.), Changping District, Beijing 102209, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2Capture and Treatment (China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Technology Research Institute
Co., Ltd.), Changping District, Beijing 102209, China; 3. Huaneng Shanghai Shidongkou Power Generation Co., Ltd.,
Baoshan District, Shanghai 200942, China)
摘要摘要:全球气候变化是对人类可持续发展的最大威胁,控
制CO2排放是应对气候变化的主要举措。直接空气捕集
(direct air capture,DAC)技术作为一种负排放技术,能够
对交通、农林、建筑行业等分布源排放的 CO2进行捕集。
DAC 材料的性能及成本是决定 DAC 技术能否实现大规模
应用的最主要因素。综述了 DAC 材料的技术发展现状 ,
总结了化学吸收材料、化学吸附材料、物理吸附材料和双
功能碳捕集材料的性能指标和优缺点,并对不同的 DAC
材料进行了技术经济性分析,指出开发低成本、高通量、
高选择性、高稳定性的碳捕集材料是实现 DAC 技术规模
化应用的关键。
关键词关键词:碳捕集;直接空气捕集(DAC);化学吸收;物
理吸附;双功能材料(DFM);变湿吸附(MSA)
ABSTRACT: Global climate change is the biggest threat to
the sustainable development of human, and controlling CO2
emissions is a major measure to deal with climate change. As
a negative emission technology, the direct air capture (DAC)
can capture CO2emitted from distributed sources, such as
transportation, agriculture, forestry, and construction
industries. The performance and cost of DAC materials are
the most important factors that determine the widespread
application of DAC technology. This paper reviewed the
current research and development status of DAC materials.
The performances, advantages and disadvantages of chemical
absorption materials, chemical adsorption materials,
physisorption materials and multifunctional carbon capture
materials were summarized. The techno-economic analysis of
different DAC materials was carried out. It is pointed out that
the development of carbon capture materials with low cost,
high capacity, high selectivity, and high stability is the key to
realize the large-scale application of DAC technology.
KEY WORDS: carbon capture; direct air capture (DAC);
chemical absorption; physisorption; dual function material
(DFM); moisture swing adsorption (MSA)
0引言引言
全球性工业革命导致温室气体大量排放,夏
威夷莫纳罗亚天文台指出,目前大气中 CO2体积
分数上升至 4.2×10−4,比工业革命前大气中 CO2体
积分数(2.8×10−4)提高了 50%。国际气候变化委员
会研究指出,除了工业及电力行业等固定源的
CO2排放外,还有近 50% 来自于分布源排放的
DOI::10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22073 中图分类号: TK 09; TQ 028. 8
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0116800); 中 国
华能集团科技项目(HNKJ20-H58, HNKJ21-H67, HNKJ21-H18)。
Project Supported by National Key Research and Development
Program of China (2018YFE0116800); China Huaneng Group Science
and Technology Projects (HNKJ20-H58, HNKJ21-H67, HNKJ21-H18).