Abstract: To address climate change, countries have successively proposed carbon neutral goals, and China has put forward a long-term goal in 2020 to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. This study first analyzes the global carbon neutrality target, and analyzes the nationally determined contributions (NDCs), implementation, and NDC updates in 2020. Second, the Global Carbon Neutrality Development Index is proposed from the three sub-indexes of “mitigation ambition,” “action performance,” and “pressure-bearing” in addressing climate change, aiming to evaluate the country’s carbon neutrality process and performance. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation was performed for 50 countries that covered more than 85% of global carbon emissions and announced carbon neutrality targets. The results demonstrate that EU countries are at the forefront worldwide in terms of mitigation ambition, action performance, and pressure-bearing, leading to global carbon neutrality progress; China ranks first among developing countries and has set a good example for global carbon neutrality; more than 3/4 of the countries have a serious lag in NDC implementation. To achieve the global carbon neutrality target, it is urgent to strengthen the NDCs with strict implementation.Keywords: climate change; carbon neutrality; carbon neutrality development index; NDC; comprehensive assessment摘 要：为应对气候变化，各国陆续提出碳中和目标，中国在2020年提出了努力争取2060年前实现碳中和的远期目标。首先梳理了全球碳中和形势，并分析了各国自主贡献目标雄心、具体履约情况以及2020年更新的国家自主贡献目标。其次，从应对气候变化“责任心”、“行动力”、“承压力”3个维度构建了全球碳中和发展指数，旨在评估各国碳中和进程及绩效。最后，对覆盖全球85%以上碳排放总量且提出碳中和目标的共50个国家进行了综合评价。结果表明：欧盟各国在责...
