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2023-04-18
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Prime Air

Delivering Progress

Every Day

Amazon’s 2021 Sustainability Report

Prime Air

About This Report

At Amazon, we are committed to and invested in

sustainability because it’s a win all around—it’s good

for the planet, for business, for our customers, and for

our communities.

Our 2021 Sustainability Report builds on our sustainability

progress over the last decade—particularly since we co-

founded The Climate Pledge in 2019 and announced our

commitment to achieve net-zero carbon emissions across

our business by 2040. This report also includes our work

on a wide range of Amazon commitments and initiatives

to support our employees, our supply chain partners, and

the communities where we operate around the world.

All financial figures are reported in U.S. dollars ($),

unless otherwise stated.

Please note that data within this report primarily reects

progress as of 2021, and all data that is timebound

since a certain date is updated as of June 2022, unless

otherwise indicated.

This report includes appendices that are informed

by the following frameworks: the Sustainability

Accounting Standards Board (SASB), the Task Force

on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD),

and the United Nations Guiding Principles (UNGP)

Reporting Framework.

About Amazon

Amazon is guided by four principles: customer obsession

rather than competitor focus, passion for invention,

commitment to operational excellence, and long-term

thinking. We strive to be Earth’s most customer-centric

company, Earth’s best employer, and Earth’s safest

place to work. Customer reviews, 1-Click shopping,

personalized recommendations, Prime, Fulfillment by

Amazon, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Kindle Direct

Publishing, Kindle, Career Choice, Fire tablets, Fire

TV, Amazon Echo, Alexa, Just Walk Out technology,

Amazon Studios, and The Climate Pledge are some of

the things pioneered by Amazon. We have more than

1.6 million employees worldwide, with operations

in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, India, Latin America,

the Middle East, and North America.

Introduction

3 Opening Letter From Kara Hurst, Vice

President, Worldwide Sustainability

4 Our Business

5 Sustainability Around the Globe

6 Goals and Progress

7 Continuing Our COVID-19 Response

Environment

10 Our Carbon Footprint

14 Growing The Climate Pledge

16 Investing in Innovation Through

The Climate Pledge Fund

18 Supporting Nature-Based Solutions

20 On the Path to 100% Renewable Energy

22 Incorporating Sustainability Into

Our Buildings

24 Decarbonizing Transportation

26 Avoiding and Managing Waste

28 Improving Our Packaging

30 Product Sustainability

35 Sustainability in the Cloud

Society

41 Respecting Human Rights Throughout

Our Business

46 Providing a Range of Employee Benefits

51 Fostering Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

57 Employee Engagement: Listening to

Our People

59 Safety, Health, and Well-Being at Amazon

61 Building a Supply Chain That Puts People First

69 Supporting Our Communities

Governance

75 Corporate Governance

77 Business Ethics

78 Advocacy and Public Policy

79 Partnerships

Appendix

81 SASB

84 UNGP Reporting Framework

90 TCFD

96 UN SDGs

97 Carbon Footprint Data

98 Supplier Assessments

99 Our Workforce Data

100 Disclaimer and

Forward-Looking Statements

Contents

Look out for these symbols

throughout the report:

A link that directs you to a website

A link within the report

A link to a download

Look out for these common

abbreviations throughout the report:

AWS—Amazon Web Services

UN—United Nations

NGO—Nongovernmental organizations

CO2—Carbon dioxide

CO2e—Carbon dioxide equivalent

2021 Sustainability Report Introduction I Environment I Society I Governance I Appendix 2

Delivering Progress for the Planet

In 2019, we co-founded The Climate Pledge and made a

commitment to achieve net-zero carbon by 2040—10 years

ahead of the Paris Agreement. We invited others to join

us and there are now more than 300 businesses and

organizations across 51 industries and 29 countries that

have signed the Pledge, which means we are collectively

coming at the climate crisis from nearly every sector and

nearly every angle.

As part of our efforts to decarbonize our business, we

became the world’s largest corporate purchaser of renewable

energy in 2020, and last year, we reached 85% renewable

energy across our business. We continue to expand our use

of zero-emission transportation such as electric delivery

vans, cargo bikes, and on-foot deliveries, and in 2021, more

than 100 million packages were delivered to our customers’

doorsteps globally using zero-emission vehicles. We are also

investing in nature-based solutions, and last year, we helped

to create the Lowering Emissions by Accelerating Forest

finance (LEAF) Coalition—a global initiative of governments

and leading companies that has already mobilized $1 billion

to protect the world’s tropical rainforests. We will continue

to act boldly to address climate change and to invest in

solutions to help meet our commitment to reach net-zero

carbon across our operations by 2040.

Delivering Progress for People

Our ability to be a force for change on behalf of our planet

relies on diverse perspectives from smart, passionate,

and committed people from all backgrounds. In 2021, we

continued to make progress on our diversity goals, including

increasing the number of Black directors and vice presidents

by almost 70%, and we remain committed to increasing

Vice President, Worldwide

Sustainability, Amazon

Every day at Amazon, we ask ourselves, “How can we make

this product, this service, or this experience better for our

customers?” We continually seek ways to challenge ourselves

and improve how we deliver for our customers, support

our employees, and accelerate the pace of innovation.

This mindset is ingrained in our culture, so every day, we

apply the same relentless pursuit to delivering progress

on our sustainability commitments.

The journey to become more sustainable is not simple or

straightforward for any organization. For a company of

the size and broad scope of Amazon, it’s a big challenge.

But at Amazon, we don’t shy away from big challenges.

We innovate and create. We don’t have all the answers

today, but we believe in the need to act now.

This is reflected in one of our newest Leadership Principles,

introduced last year: Success and Scale Bring Broad

Responsibility. It says that “we are big, we impact the world,

and we are far from perfect. We must be humble and

thoughtful about even the secondary effects of our actions.

Our local communities, planet, and future generations

need us to be better every day.” We apply our Leadership

Principles daily—whether we are discussing ideas for new

inventions or deciding on the best approach to solve a

problem. Throughout 2021, we embedded the spirit of

this Leadership Principle into our everyday actions and

continued to make progress on our environmental and

social commitments.

diverse representation in our workforce at the most senior

levels. We’ve helped more than 70,000 Amazon employees

learn new skills and advance their careers as part of our

Upskilling 2025 pledge, and we are enabling thousands of

hourly employees in 14 countries to earn certificates and

degrees through Amazon Career Choice. Earlier this year, we

also expanded travel reimbursements for our employees in

the U.S. to cover treatment for non-life-threatening medical

issues when travel is required, including elective abortion and

infertility, starting in 2022.

In our communities, we are supporting initiatives to address

the affordable housing crisis—including a commitment of

more than $2 billion from the Amazon Housing Equity Fund,

launched last year. As of March 2022, these commitments

have already preserved or created 8,000 affordable units to

house more than 18,000 people. Also last year—in service

to people in our communities and supply chain—we signed

the United Nations’ (UN) Women’s Empowerment Principles,

which offers businesses guidance on ways to promote

gender equity in the workplace and global community; we

created a $150 million Black Business Accelerator program

in partnership with our Black Employee Network affinity

group; and we launched a $12 million, five-year partnership

with the U.S. National Safety Council to uncover new ways

to prevent and address musculoskeletal disorders.

Since the beginning of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in early

2022, we quickly mobilized to provide humanitarian aid and

assistance to the people of Ukraine, including financial and

in-kind donations, cloud computing credits, resettlement

support, and more. We are proud of how our global teams

came together to support this effort and are honored

to have been awarded the Ukraine Peace Prize for the

support AWS has shown the Ukraine government and the

Ukrainian people.

Delivering Progress Every Day

We are proud of the progress we’ve made, but we

recognize we have more to do. Our everyday actions to

deliver progress are in service of achieving long-term,

systemic change that improves the well-being of people,

communities, and the planet.

The path to achieving some of our goals will be long and

complex, but we are not deterred. At Amazon, we thrive on

pushing the boundaries of what’s possible. We are taking

the same tenacity we use to invent and problem solve for

our customers and applying it to how we help address some

of the world’s biggest challenges. I hope you enjoy learning

more about how we are doing this as you read our 2021

Sustainability Report.

With gratitude,

Kara Hurst

Opening Letter From

Kara Hurst

2021 Sustainability Report Introduction I Environment I Society I Governance I Appendix 3

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PrimeAirDeliveringProgressEveryDayAmazon’s2021SustainabilityReportPrimeAirAboutThisReportAtAmazon,wearecommittedtoandinvestedinsustainabilitybecauseit’sawinallaround—it’sgoodfortheplanet,forbusiness,forourcustomers,andforourcommunities.Our2021SustainabilityReportbuildsonoursustainabilityprogressoverthelastdecade—particularlysinceweco-foundedTheClimatePledgein2019andannouncedourcommitmenttoachievenet-zerocarbonemissionsacrossourbusinessby2040.ThisreportalsoincludesourworkonawiderangeofAmazoncommitmentsandinitiativestosupportouremployees,oursupplychainpartners,andthecommunitieswhereweoperatearoundtheworld.AllfinancialfiguresarereportedinU.S.dollars($),unlessotherwisestated.Pleasenotethatdatawithinthisreportprimarilyreflectsprogressasof2021,andalldatathatistimeboundsinceacertaindateisupdatedasofJune2022,unlessotherwiseindicated.Thisreportincludesappendicesthatareinformedbythefollowingframeworks:theSustainabilityAccountingStandardsBoard(SASB),theTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD),andtheUnitedNationsGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework.AboutAmazonAmazonisguidedbyfourprinciples:customerobsessionratherthancompetitorfocus,passionforinvention,commitmenttooperationalexcellence,andlong-termthinking.WestrivetobeEarth’smostcustomer-centriccompany,Earth’sbestemployer,andEarth’ssafestplacetowork.Customerreviews,1-Clickshopping,personalizedrecommendations,Prime,FulfillmentbyAmazon,AmazonWebServices(AWS),KindleDirectPublishing,Kindle,CareerChoice,Firetablets,FireTV,AmazonEcho,Alexa,JustWalkOuttechnology,AmazonStudios,andTheClimatePledgearesomeofthethingspioneeredbyAmazon.Wehavemorethan1.6millionemployeesworldwide,withoperationsinAfrica,Asia-Pacific,Europe,India,LatinAmerica,theMiddleEast,andNorthAmerica.Introduction3OpeningLetterFromKaraHurst,VicePresident,WorldwideSustainability4OurBusiness5SustainabilityAroundtheGlobe6GoalsandProgress7ContinuingOurCOVID-19ResponseEnvironment10OurCarbonFootprint14GrowingTheClimatePledge16InvestinginInnovationThroughTheClimatePledgeFund18SupportingNature-BasedSolutions20OnthePathto100%RenewableEnergy22IncorporatingSustainabilityIntoOurBuildings24DecarbonizingTransportation26AvoidingandManagingWaste28ImprovingOurPackaging30ProductSustainability35SustainabilityintheCloudSociety41RespectingHumanRightsThroughoutOurBusiness46ProvidingaRangeofEmployeeBenefits51FosteringDiversity,Equity,andInclusion57EmployeeEngagement:ListeningtoOurPeople59Safety,Health,andWell-BeingatAmazon61BuildingaSupplyChainThatPutsPeopleFirst69SupportingOurCommunitiesGovernance75CorporateGovernance77BusinessEthics78AdvocacyandPublicPolicy79PartnershipsAppendix81SASB84UNGPReportingFramework90TCFD96UNSDGs97CarbonFootprintData98SupplierAssessments99OurWorkforceData100DisclaimerandForward-LookingStatementsContentsLookoutforthesesymbolsthroughoutthereport:AlinkthatdirectsyoutoawebsiteAlinkwithinthereportAlinktoadownloadLookoutforthesecommonabbreviationsthroughoutthereport:AWS—AmazonWebServicesUN—UnitedNationsNGO—NongovernmentalorganizationsCO2—CarbondioxideCO2e—Carbondioxideequivalent2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix2DeliveringProgressforthePlanetIn2019,weco-foundedTheClimatePledgeandmadeacommitmenttoachievenet-zerocarbonby2040—10yearsaheadoftheParisAgreement.Weinvitedotherstojoinusandtherearenowmorethan300businessesandorganizationsacross51industriesand29countriesthathavesignedthePledge,whichmeanswearecollectivelycomingattheclimatecrisisfromnearlyeverysectorandnearlyeveryangle.Aspartofoureffortstodecarbonizeourbusiness,webecametheworld’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergyin2020,andlastyear,wereached85%renewableenergyacrossourbusiness.Wecontinuetoexpandouruseofzero-emissiontransportationsuchaselectricdeliveryvans,cargobikes,andon-footdeliveries,andin2021,morethan100millionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsgloballyusingzero-emissionvehicles.Wearealsoinvestinginnature-basedsolutions,andlastyear,wehelpedtocreatetheLoweringEmissionsbyAcceleratingForestfinance(LEAF)Coalition—aglobalinitiativeofgovernmentsandleadingcompaniesthathasalreadymobilized$1billiontoprotecttheworld’stropicalrainforests.Wewillcontinuetoactboldlytoaddressclimatechangeandtoinvestinsolutionstohelpmeetourcommitmenttoreachnet-zerocarbonacrossouroperationsby2040.DeliveringProgressforPeopleOurabilitytobeaforceforchangeonbehalfofourplanetreliesondiverseperspectivesfromsmart,passionate,andcommittedpeoplefromallbackgrounds.In2021,wecontinuedtomakeprogressonourdiversitygoals,includingincreasingthenumberofBlackdirectorsandvicepresidentsbyalmost70%,andweremaincommittedtoincreasingVicePresident,WorldwideSustainability,AmazonEverydayatAmazon,weaskourselves,“Howcanwemakethisproduct,thisservice,orthisexperiencebetterforourcustomers?”Wecontinuallyseekwaystochallengeourselvesandimprovehowwedeliverforourcustomers,supportouremployees,andacceleratethepaceofinnovation.Thismindsetisingrainedinourculture,soeveryday,weapplythesamerelentlesspursuittodeliveringprogressonoursustainabilitycommitments.Thejourneytobecomemoresustainableisnotsimpleorstraightforwardforanyorganization.ForacompanyofthesizeandbroadscopeofAmazon,it’sabigchallenge.ButatAmazon,wedon’tshyawayfrombigchallenges.Weinnovateandcreate.Wedon’thavealltheanswerstoday,butwebelieveintheneedtoactnow.ThisisreflectedinoneofournewestLeadershipPrinciples,introducedlastyear:SuccessandScaleBringBroadResponsibility.Itsaysthat“wearebig,weimpacttheworld,andwearefarfromperfect.Wemustbehumbleandthoughtfulabouteventhesecondaryeffectsofouractions.Ourlocalcommunities,planet,andfuturegenerationsneedustobebettereveryday.”WeapplyourLeadershipPrinciplesdaily—whetherwearediscussingideasfornewinventionsordecidingonthebestapproachtosolveaproblem.Throughout2021,weembeddedthespiritofthisLeadershipPrincipleintooureverydayactionsandcontinuedtomakeprogressonourenvironmentalandsocialcommitments.diverserepresentationinourworkforceatthemostseniorlevels.We’vehelpedmorethan70,000AmazonemployeeslearnnewskillsandadvancetheircareersaspartofourUpskilling2025pledge,andweareenablingthousandsofhourlyemployeesin14countriestoearncertificatesanddegreesthroughAmazonCareerChoice.Earlierthisyear,wealsoexpandedtravelreimbursementsforouremployeesintheU.S.tocovertreatmentfornon-life-threateningmedicalissueswhentravelisrequired,includingelectiveabortionandinfertility,startingin2022.Inourcommunities,wearesupportinginitiativestoaddresstheaffordablehousingcrisis—includingacommitmentofmorethan$2billionfromtheAmazonHousingEquityFund,launchedlastyear.AsofMarch2022,thesecommitmentshavealreadypreservedorcreated8,000affordableunitstohousemorethan18,000people.Alsolastyear—inservicetopeopleinourcommunitiesandsupplychain—wesignedtheUnitedNations’(UN)Women’sEmpowermentPrinciples,whichoffersbusinessesguidanceonwaystopromotegenderequityintheworkplaceandglobalcommunity;wecreateda$150millionBlackBusinessAcceleratorprograminpartnershipwithourBlackEmployeeNetworkaffinitygroup;andwelauncheda$12million,five-yearpartnershipwiththeU.S.NationalSafetyCounciltouncovernewwaystopreventandaddressmusculoskeletaldisorders.SincethebeginningofRussia’sinvasionofUkraineinearly2022,wequicklymobilizedtoprovidehumanitarianaidandassistancetothepeopleofUkraine,includingfinancialandin-kinddonations,cloudcomputingcredits,resettlementsupport,andmore.WeareproudofhowourglobalteamscametogethertosupportthiseffortandarehonoredtohavebeenawardedtheUkrainePeacePrizeforthesupportAWShasshowntheUkrainegovernmentandtheUkrainianpeople.DeliveringProgressEveryDayWeareproudoftheprogresswe’vemade,butwerecognizewehavemoretodo.Oureverydayactionstodeliverprogressareinserviceofachievinglong-term,systemicchangethatimprovesthewell-beingofpeople,communities,andtheplanet.Thepathtoachievingsomeofourgoalswillbelongandcomplex,butwearenotdeterred.AtAmazon,wethriveonpushingtheboundariesofwhat’spossible.Wearetakingthesametenacityweusetoinventandproblemsolveforourcustomersandapplyingittohowwehelpaddresssomeoftheworld’sbiggestchallenges.Ihopeyouenjoylearningmoreabouthowwearedoingthisasyoureadour2021SustainabilityReport.Withgratitude,KaraHurstOpeningLetterFromKaraHurst2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix3OurBusinessAspartofourmissiontobeEarth’smostcustomer-centriccompany,wearecommittedtobuildingasustainablebusinessforouremployees,customers,andcommunities,includingthepeoplethatsupportourentirevaluechain.OurOperationsWeofferaccesstoawideselectionofproductssoldbyusandbythirdpartiesacrossdozensofcategories.Wehelpmakecustomers’liveseasierandmoreenjoyablethroughourdevicesandservices.Wecreateandprovideaccesstoworld-classcontentandentertainment.Weprovidetheworld’smostcomprehensiveandbroadlyadoptedcloudoffering.Allofthisandmoreisunderscoredbyourcommitmenttocustomerserviceandastate-of-the-artlogisticsanddeliverynetwork.OurCommunitiesWeleverageourscaleandassetsforgoodtosupportcharitableorganizationsandstrengthencommunitieswhereouremployeesandcustomersliveandwork.Ourcultureisbuiltaroundsolvingseeminglyimpossibleproblems,whichiswhywetakeadifferent,morehands-onapproachthanmost.Weusethisapproachtosupporteducationforunderrepresentedgroups,addressdirectneedsincludingfamilyhunger,homelessness,andnaturaldisasters,andprotectourplanettobuildabetterfutureforall.OurSupplyChainOurapproachisdesignedtodriveengagementwithsuppliersthatmeetourexpectationsforrespectinghumanrights,providingsafeandinclusiveworkplaces,andpromotingasustainablefuture.Weengagewithsuppliersacrosstheglobethatarerequiredtomeetthestandardsweoutlineandcommittotheseprinciples.OurCustomersWearealwaysfindingnewwaystodelightourcustomerswhileconstantlyaimingtoofferlowerprices,betterselections,andmoreconvenientservices.Weserveourprimarycustomersetsinthefollowingways:consumersthroughouronlineandphysicalstores;sellersthroughprogramsthatenablethemtogrowtheirbusinesses;developersandenterprisesofallsizesthroughAWS;contentcreatorsthroughservicesthatenablethemtopublishandsellcontent;andadvertisersthroughadvertisingservices.OurPrinciplesWehave16LeadershipPrinciples,whichdescribehowwedobusinessandhowwekeepthecustomeratthecenterofourdecisions.In2021,weaddedtwonewLeadershipPrinciples:StrivetobeEarth’sBestEmployerandSuccessandScaleBringBroadResponsibility.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix4SustainabilityAroundtheGlobeOurglobalsustainabilityeffortsaremakingapositiveimpactincommunitiesaroundtheworld.Learnmoreaboutourglobalinitiativesonourwebsite.AustraliaIndonesiaIndiaSingaporeItalyTanzaniaBrazilUnitedStatesCanadaSouthAfricaSupportedSolcasttousecloudcover,solarradiation,andphotovoltaicpowerdatatoprovideforecaststothesolarpowerindustry.PartneredwithWater.organdWaterAidinIndiaandIndonesiatoprovidecleanwatertoover250,000communitymembers.Beganadding10,000electricvehiclestoourexistingfleet.AnnouncedourfirstrenewableenergyprojectinSingapore,a62-megawatt(MW)solarprojectmadeupofaseriesofsolarpanelsmountedonagroundsystemthatwillgenerate80,000MWhofcleanenergyannually.SupportedParcoItalia,anurbanforestryprogramthataimstoplant22milliontreesacross14metropolitanareasinItaly.GermanyPartneredwithTheNatureConservancy’sUrbanGreeningPrograminGermanyandsupportedmappingandanalysisforroofs,grasslands,andurbanstreetscapesinBerlin.BeganhostingdataonAWSontheDigitalEarthAfricaplatformtomonitorhowcoastalerosion,risingsealevels,anddeforestationarecontributingtothedegradationofmangrovetreesontheisland.PartneredwithTheNatureConservancytolaunchtheAgroforestryandRestorationAcceleratortorestorenativerainforesttonaturallytrapandstorecarbonandmitigateclimatechange.WomenatAmazonintheU.S.earned99.9centsforeverydollarthatmenearnedperformingthesamejobsin2021.AnnouncedourlargestrenewableenergyprojectinCanadainJune2021.Onceonline,ourrenewableprojectsinCanadawillproducemorethan1millionmegawatt-hours(MWh)eachyear.LaunchedourfirstoperationalsolarprojectinSouthAfrica,expectedtogenerateupto28,000MWhofrenewableenergyperyearforthegrid.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix5GoalsandProgressBoldthinkingandrelentlessinnovation.That’swhatwedoatAmazon,andhowweapproachsustainabilityisnoexception.Ourapproachcombineslong-termcommitmentsandeverydayactions,reinforcedbyourLeadershipPrinciplesandour“Day1”mentality.Weapplyourhistoryofinventiontoideasandeffortsthatsupportpeopleandcommunities.Wemaketargetedinvestmentstosupportourambitionsandthedevelopmentofsustainabletechnologies.Thesearejustsomeofthemanywaysweareworkingtodeliverprogressonthepathtoachievingourlong-termgoals.LearnmoreaboutourGoalsandProgressonourwebsite.TransformingOurOperationsContributingtoaMoreEquitableSocietyActivatingCollectiveImpactSuccessandScaleBringBroadResponsibilityOnapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025Increaserepresentationofemployeesfromdiversebackgroundsacrossourbusiness274Renewableprojectsannouncedasoftheendof2021+70%IncreaseinthenumberofBlackdirectorsandvicepresidentsin2021225M+In-kinddonateditems,includingpersonalprotectiveequipmentandessentials,in202185%Renewableenergy(electricity)reachedacrossAmazon’sbusinessin202145.5%FemalerepresentationonAmazon’sBoardofDirectorsasof2021$2BInvestmentthroughtheAmazonHousingEquityFundtosupportaffordablehousing#1World’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergy100K+EmployeeparticipantsinAmazonaffinitygroupsgloballyin20219K+AmazontransportationassociatestrainedtoidentifyandrespondtopotentialvictimsofhumantraffickingInspireandempowerotherstojoinusonamissiontoreachnet-zerocarbonby2040Make50%ofAmazonshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030StrivetobeEarth’sBestEmployer100M+Packagesdeliveredtocustomers’doorstepsusingzero-emissionvehiclesin2021$1.2BInvestmentaspartofourUpskilling2025pledge300+CompaniesthathavejoinedAmazoninsigningTheClimatePledge1.5M+Tonsofpackagingeliminatedsince2015$300M+Investmentsinsafety,includingcapitalimprovementsandnewtechnology,in2021370M+ClimatePledgeFriendlyunitsshippedtoAmazoncustomersin202138%Reductioninper-shipmentpackagingweightsince2015$18+AveragestartingwageperhourforrolesinfulfillmentandtransportationintheU.S.$2BInvestmentthroughTheClimatePledgeFundtosupportthedevelopmentofsustainabletechnologies2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix6EnablingGlobalInnovationOurinfrastructurehasalsobeenhelpingscientistsgainandshareknowledgeofRNAvirusesinrecordtime.DiseasescausedbyRNAvirusesincludethecommoncold,influenza,SARS,COVID-19,hepatitisC,Ebola,rabies,polio,andmeasles.AninternationalteamofscientistsfromtheSerratusprojectbuiltapowerfulsupercomputeronAWSinjusteightweeks.Thesupercomputersearchedalmost6millionpubliclyavailablebiologicalsamplesforthepresenceofRNAvirusesinlessthantwoweeksfor$24,000—achievingwhatwouldhavetakenastandardcomputerwellover2,000yearsandcostatleast10timesmore.Throughthisprocess,theresearchteamusedtheAWSCloudtoidentifymorethan130,000newRNAviruses,includingninenewcoronaviruses,creatinga“globalviralsurveillancesystem”thatcouldhelppreventfuturepandemics.AHelpingHandInearly2021,AmazontookimmediateactiontohelpaddresstheCOVID-19surgeinIndia.Weutilizedourgloballogisticsnetworktopurchase,airlift,anddelivermedicalequipmentidentifiedascriticallyneededbythegovernmentofIndiaandlocalcharities.Weworkedwithindustrypartnersandnongovernmentalorganizations(NGOs)todelivermorethan8,000oxygenconcentratorsand500BiPAPmachinestoIndia.ThismedicalequipmentwasdonatedtohospitalsandpublicinstitutionstoincreasetheircapacitytohelpCOVID-19-infectedpatientsacrossmultiplecities.WealsojoinedtheU.S.ChamberofCommerce’sGlobalTaskForceonPandemicResponsetodeliverventilatorstoIndia.InNepal,AmazonteamedupwiththeUNWorldFoodProgrammetodonateanddeliversuppliestocommunitiesaffectedbyCOVID-19,including850,000personalprotectiveitems.AWSDiagnosticDevelopmentInitiativeTheAWSDiagnosticDevelopmentInitiative(DDI)isatwo-year,$20millioncommitmenttoaccelerateresearchandinnovationtoadvancethecollectiveunderstandinganddetectionofCOVID-19andotherinfectiousdiseasesinordertomitigatecurrentandfutureoutbreaks.InthefirstphaseoftheAWSDDI,AWSsupported87organizationsin17countries,rangingfromnonprofitsandresearchinstitutionstostartupsandlargebusinesses.AWSawarded$8milliontosupportarangeofdiagnosticprojects,includingmoleculartestsforantibodies,antigens,andnucleicacids;diagnosticimaging;wearables;anddataanalyticstoolsthatuseartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningtodetectCOVID-19.InApril2021,AWSlaunchedthenextphaseandbroadenedtheInitiative’sscopetothreenewareas:1)earlydiseasedetectiontoidentifyoutbreaksattheindividualandatthecommunitylevel;2)prognosistobetterunderstanddiseasetrajectory;and3)publichealthgenomicstobolsterviralgenomesequencingworldwide.HelpingEmployeesGetBacktoWorkWhenthetimecameforemployeestostartreturningtocorporateoffices,weengagedwithourteamstofindoutwhatkindofflexibilitytheyneededtokeepeveryonesafe,ratherthanspecifyingaone-size-fits-allapproachforallbusinessunits.Weencouragedleaderstodeterminehowmanydaystheirteammemberswouldbeintheofficeandwhichdaysthosewouldbe,solongasthatdecisionwasguidedbywhatwouldbemosteffectiveforourcustomersandsafestforouremployees.Someteamscontinueworkingmostlyremotely,othersworkacombinationofremotelyandintheoffice,andothersworkmostlyintheoffice.VaccineSupportFromMarchthroughearlyDecember2021,wehostedmorethan1,800on-sitevaccinationeventsforfront-lineemployees.WealsolaunchedtheMaxYourVaxsweepstakestoencourageourfront-lineoperationsemployeestogetvaccinated.Weofferedavarietyofweeklyprizes—includingtwo$500,000grandprizes,six$100,000cashprizes,fivenewvehiclesvaluedat$40,000each,andfivevacationseachvaluedat$12,000thatincluded40hoursofpaidtimeoff.EmpoweringCustomerstoManageHealthandSafetyThroughoutthepandemic,wehaveinvestedbillionsofdollarsinthehealthandsafetyofouremployeesandcustomers,includingbuildinganin-houseCOVID-19testingprogramtoensurefront-lineemployeeshaveaccesstofree,regulartestingintheU.S.andtheUK.ByJanuary2021,ournationalCOVID-19testinglablocatedinKentuckyprocessedmorethan1millionCOVID-19testsforfront-lineemployeesfrommorethan700testingsites,andprovidedaccesstoCOVID-19testingtonearlyallfront‑lineemployees.Attheheightofthepandemic,ourlabswereprocessingmorethan30,000testseachday.Wetookwhatwelearnedfromthisprocesstocreateourownat-homeCOVID-19testcollectionkitforcustomers.ThetestsreceivedEmergencyUseAuthorizationfromtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationinJune2021,providinganaffordable,reliable,andconvenientwayforcustomerstotestforCOVID-19athome.ThekitsareprocessedbyAmazon’sin-houselaboratoryusingthediagnosticapproachrecommendedbytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.ContinuingOurCOVID-19ResponseSincetheearlystagesoftheCOVID-19pandemic,wehaveworkednonstoptomakehundredsofchangestoouroperationalprocessestoprotectthehealthofouremployeesandcommunities.In2021,amidnewvariantsandfurtherlockdowns,wecontinuedtoinvestheavilyinsupportingouremployees,customers,andcommunities.Learnmoreaboutourglobaleffortstosupportcustomers,employees,andcommunitiesthroughtheCOVID-19pandemic.$15B+COVID-19-relatedcostsincurredsincethestartofthepandemictohelpkeepemployeessafewhiledeliveringforourcustomers2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix7Operatingsustainablyisnolongerachoice—it’sanimperative.Makingmeaningfulprogresstoaddressclimatechangetakesunprecedentedactionacrossallindustriesandsocieties.Amazonrecognizesthisandacknowledgesthatthewayswedobusinesshaveimpactsfarbeyondourowncompany.There’snotimetowaste,andthat’swhyweareinvestingineffortstoprotecttheenvironmentsofthepeopleandcommunitiesweserve—bothnowandinthefuture.EnvironmentInvestinginPositiveImpactInThisSectionOurCarbonFootprintTheClimatePledgeTheClimatePledgeFundNature-BasedSolutionsRenewableEnergyOurBuildingsDecarbonizingTransportationAvoidingandManagingWastePackagingProductSustainabilitySustainabilityintheCloud2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix8LearnmoreaboutourcompletelistofGoalsandProgressonourwebsite.Reachnet-zerocarbonemissionsacrossouroperationsby2040Reducefoodwasteby50%acrossourU.S.andEuropeoperationsby2030Make50%ofAmazonshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030RenewableEnergyWith274renewableprojectsannouncedasoftheendof2021,Amazonistheworld’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergy.TheClimatePledgeOver300signatorieshavejoinedAmazoninsigningTheClimatePledge.ProductsIn2021,morethan370millionClimatePledgeFriendlyunitswereshippedtoAmazoncustomersandwewelcomed20newthird‑partysustainabilitycertificationstotheClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram.Onapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetof2030OurEnvironmentalCommitmentsandProgressCommitmentCommitmentCommitmentCommitmentShipmentZeroIn2021,morethan100millionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsgloballyusingzero-emissionvehicles.Since2015,wehavereducedper-shipmentpackagingweightby38%andeliminatedover1.5milliontonsofpackaging.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix9OurCarbonFootprintClimatechangeisoneoftheworld’sgreatestcrises,andtoaddressit,thepublicandprivatesectorsneedtoacttogether.That’swhyweco-foundedTheClimatePledge,acommitmenttoreachnet-zerocarbonby2040—10yearsaheadoftheParisAgreement.SincewecreatedthePledgein2019,morethan300companieshavejoinedAmazoninmakingthiscommitment.Thepathtodecarbonizationremainschallenging.ThisisespeciallytrueforabusinessofthesizeandbroadscopeofAmazon.Weoperatebusinesses—deliveryandtransportationlogistics,physicalstores,grocery,manufacturing,andcloudcomputingservices—thatinvolvemovingproducts,manufacturinggoods,andcreatingcomputingcapacity,allatscale.Whilesomeofthesebusinesses—includingcloudcomputingande-commerce—offergreaterefficiencies,somearemorecarbon-intensiveendeavors.Inreducingtheircarbonfootprintthroughinvestmentandinnovation,wewillenableevengreaterefficiencyandmore-sustainablechoicesforourcustomers.Asweworktodecarbonizeourcompany,Amazonisgrowingrapidly.Wehavescaledourbusinessatanunprecedentedpacetohelpmeettheneedsofourcustomersthroughthepandemic.Fromearly2020totheendof2021,wecreatedmorethan750,000full-timeandpart-timejobsworldwideanddoubledthesizeofthefulfillmentnetworkthatwehadbuiltovertheprevious25years.Atthesametime,anincreasingnumberofcompaniesaroundtheworldmovedtheirtechnologytothecloud,gainingsignificantspeed,innovation,andcostadvantages,andAWSgrewitsrevenueby37%year-over-yearin2021.Thesedevelopmentsmeantwehadtobuildnewfacilities—forbothourconsumerandcloudbusinesses—andexpandourtransportationnetwork.Throughoutthisgrowth,weremainedfocusedonimprovingourefficiencythroughmore-sustainablesolutions,includingelectricvehiclesandalternativefueloptionsaswellaswindandsolarpoweracrossournetwork.InAWS,theteamspentconsiderableresourceinnovatingonpowerefficiency,removingthecentralUninterruptiblePowerSupplyfromourdatacenterdesign,integratingpowersuppliesintoourracks,andutilizingGravitonEC2instancesthatuseupto60%lessenergyforthesameperformancethancomparableAmazonEC2instances.Withallofourgrowthin2021,ourabsolutecarbonemissionsincreasedby18%in2021;however,importantly,ourcarbonintensitydecreasedby1.9%—thisisthethirdyearinarowwe’veseenourcarbonintensitydecrease.Thismeasurementquantifiestotalcarbonemissions,ingramsofcarbondioxideequivalent(CO₂e),perdollarofgrossmerchandisesales(GMS).Ascompaniesinvestinnewproductsandservices,andtheirbusinessesgrowsubstantially,thefocusshouldnotbesolelyonacompany’scarbonfootprintintermsofabsolutecarbonemissions,butalsoonwhetherit’sloweringitscarbonintensity.Overtime,continueddecreasesincarbonintensitycanleadtolowerabsoluteemissions.SeetheAppendixforourcarbondata.Whilewe’vehadsuccesscuttingemissionsfromsomeoperations,wearestillearlyintheprocessoftransformingothers.Someactionsandinvestmentshaveimmediatecarbonsavings,whileotherswilltakeyearstodemonstrateresults.Thepathtonet-zerocarbonhasmanyobstacles,butwethriveonbigchallenges.Afewofthosebigchallengesinclude:•Poweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025•Developingmore-sustainabletransportationinfrastructure•Constructingmore-sustainablebuildings•DecarbonizingthesupplychainPoweringOperationsWith100%RenewableEnergyIn2021,wereached85%renewableenergyacrossouroperations,andweareonapathtoachieve100%by2025—fiveyearsaheadoftheoriginaltargetof2030.Thistransitionto100%renewableenergybenefitsourcustomersaswell.Studiesbytheinternationalanalystfirm451Researchfoundthatmovingon-premisescomputingworkloadstoAWScanlowerworkloadcarbonfootprintbynearly80%comparedtosurveyedenterprisedatacenters.Thatnumbercouldimprovetoashighas96%onceAWSispoweredwith100%renewableenergy—atargetweareonpathtomeetby2025.AWS’infrastructureis3.6timesmoreenergyefficientthanthemedianofsurveyedU.S.enterprisedatacentersanduptofivetimesmoreenergyefficientthantheaverageEuropeanenterprisedatacenter.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix10DevelopingMore-SustainableTransportationInfrastructureReducingcarbonemissionsintransportationisacomplexchallengeformanycompanies.Weplantomakehalfofourshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030,andtodothat,wearecreatingaworldwidefleetofzero-emissionvehicles.Rightnow,thevehiclesandcharginginfrastructuredon’texistatthescaleneededtoservecustomers.Weneedthesupplytoincreasedramatically.Wehaveordered100,000electricvehicles(EVs)fromRivian,andthousandsmorefrommanufacturerssuchasMercedes-Benz,Stellantis,andMahindraElectric.Theseordershavesentademandsignalthatisshiftingthemarkettomeetnotonlyourneeds,butalsotheneedsofothercompaniesaroundtheworld.WeannouncedinNovemberthat,inthecityofParis,two-thirdsofourshipmentsaredeliveredusingzero-emissiontransportsuchasEVs,electriccargobikes,andon-footdeliveries.Wealsoareexploringgreenhydrogentechnologies:Amazon’sClimatePledgeFund—acorporateventurefundthatinvestsinsustainability—recentlyannouncedithasinvestedinEH2intheU.S.andSunfireinGermany,twocompanieshelpingtopushthegreenhydrogenindustryforward.Itwilltaketimetoremovecarbonemissionsfromheavytransportationsystems,includingoceanshipping,aviation,andtrucking.Governmentsandtheprivatesectorneedtocometogetheronthisimportantwork.Amazonisattheheartofsuchindustryinitiativesandgovernmentpartnerships,includingtheCargoOwnersforZeroEmissionVesselsnetwork(coZEV),theFirstMoversCoalition,theSustainableAviationBuyersAllianceAviatorsGroup(SABA),andtheCleanEnergyDemandInitiative.ConstructingMore-SustainableBuildingsBusinessesalsofacethechallengeofremovingcarbonemissionsfromnewbuildingconstruction.ViaTheClimatePledgeFund,AmazonhasinvestedinCarbonCureTechnologies,whichenablesconcreteproducerstomakethesamehigh-qualityconcretewithalowercarbonfootprint,andBrimstoneEnergy,whichseekstomakecementcarbon-neutralthroughaprocessfocusedoncalciumsilicaterocks,whichhavenoembeddedCO2,aswellasmagnesiumspecies,whichpassivelyabsorbCO2.AmazonisloweringthecarbonfootprintofourbuildingsbyusingCarbonCure’ssystemsandBrimstoneEnergycementinsomenewconstruction,includinginAmazon’ssecondheadquartersinVirginia(HQ2).HQ2willbeamodelforsustainableconstruction.We’veelectrifiedtheoperationsofHQ2,eliminatingtheuseoffossilfuelsforbuildingssystemsandfoodservice.Wehavecommittedtopowering100%ofHQ2’soperationswithrenewableenergythroughacombinationofoff-siteandon-sitesolarprojects.AndweplantoachieveLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED)Platinumcertification,thehighestsustainabilitybuildingcertificationissuedbytheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil.Wealsocontinuetoinnovatewithconstructiontechniquestomakeourfulfillmentcentersmoresustainable.ManyofourfulfillmentfacilitiesthroughouttheU.S.,Europe,andIndiaarepoweredbyon-sitesolar,wherearooftopinstallationcanpowerupto80%ofthefacility’senergyuse.Asof2021,115ofourglobalfulfillmentfacilitieshaverooftopsolarinstallations.ConstructingourAWSdatacentersalsopresentschallengesrelatedtosustainability.Concreteandsteelusedinconstructionaretwoofthelargestcontributorsofembodiedcarboninadatacenterbuilding,andwehavemultipleinitiativestoreducetheircarbonimpact.Forexample,ourdesignstandardsnowrequireconcretewitha20%reductioninembodiedcarboncomparedwithstandardconcretefornewU.S.datacenters,andweareexpandingthisrequirementglobally.Also,insteadofusingsteelfromoxygenfurnacesthatburncoalorgas,wearemovingtosteelfromelectric-arcfurnaces,whichusescrapsteelandcancreatesteelusingrenewableenergyandupto100%recycledcontent.In2021,sixAWSdatacenterswereconstructedwithsteelmadethisway,andwehaveplanstobuildmoreinthefuture.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix11DecarbonizingtheSupplyChainAmazonutilizesanextensivesupplychaintodelivergoodsandservicestoourcustomers.OurcarbonaccountingprocessaddressesallthreeScopesofemissionsundertheGreenhouseGasProtocol.Since2019,wehavesharedtheScope1,2,and3emissionsincludedinourfootprintthroughourannualSustainabilityReport,alongwithadetaileddescriptionofthecomprehensivemethodologyunderlyingourcalculations.Measurementiscriticalasweworktowardourgoalofnet-zerocarbonby2040—wehavetomeasureandunderstandemissionsinordertoeliminatethem.Likeothercompanies,weareworkingtoimprovethegranularityofdataavailableandwillcontinuetoseekimprovementstoourreportingprocesses.Wealreadyworkwithorganizationsandregulatorybodiesaroundtheglobetopromotetransparentandcomparableclimatereporting.OneexampleofthisisthroughourpartnershipwiththeWeMeanBusinessCoalition,agroupofnonprofitsfocusedonacceleratingthetransitiontoanet-zeroeconomy.WesupporttheCoalition’sSMEClimateHub—aglobalinitiativethatgivessmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,likethoseinoursupplychain,freetoolsandresourcestomeasureandreporttheiremissions.WiththeHub’ssupport,thesecompaniesarecommittingtohalvetheiremissionsby2030andtoreachnet-zeroby2050.WeThriveonBigChallengesThechallengeswecollectivelyfaceonthepathtonet-zerocarbonareconsiderable.Manynewtechnologiesareshowingpromiseintheirabilitytoreducecarbonemissions,butmaystillrequiresignificantdevelopment.Weneedtobothinventnewsolutionsandscaleanddrivedownthecostsofknownsolutions.In2021,wereached85%renewableenergyacrossouroperations,andweareonapathtoachieve100%by2025—fiveyearsaheadoftheoriginaltargetof2030.Progressisnoteasy,andwearefarfromdone.However,oursuccessindeployingrenewableenergygloballyprovidesuswithaplaybookthatwearedeployingtotacklebigchallengesliketransportation,buildingconstruction,andsupplychaindecarbonizationstrategies.Withourrelentlesscultureofinnovation,andatenaciousteamofsustainabilityscientistsandprofessionals,wearecommittedtoreachingour2040target.Butwecan’tdoitalone.Wewillcontinuetoworkwithpartnersinthepublicandprivatesectorstodriveinnovation,technologyadvancements,andglobalpolicychange.Tothepublicsector,wesay:Wesupportandencouragepoliciesandpublic-privatepartnershipsthatwillhelpaccelerateclimatesolutions.Andasoneofmorethan300signatoriestoTheClimatePledge,wesaytotheinnovators,scientists,builders,andentrepreneurs:Ourdoorisopen.Weallneedtodecarbonize.Theworkmaynotmaketheheadlinesorbringimmediaterewards,butachallengelikethiswillneverberesolvedovernight.Thesearethehardstepsthatneedtobetaken.Wewelcomeyoutojoinusinfindingsolutionstothisglobalcrisis.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix12PrimeAirHowAmazonIsAddressingtheGlobalChallengesinCarbonReductionThepathtodecarbonizationisincrediblycomplex,butwethriveonbigchallenges.Here’sasnapshotofhowweareaddressingsomeofthem.Reachnet-zerocarbonemissionsacrossouroperationsby2040CommitmentEliminatingtheuseoffossilfuelsforbuildingssystemsandfoodserviceatHQ2andachievingLEEDPlatinumcertificationConstructingdatacentersusingsteelmadewithrenewableenergyandupto100%recycledcontentOrderingaworldwidefleetofmorethan100,000EVs,poweringourgoaltomakehalfourshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030Launchingpartnershipstodecarbonizeshippingandairfreightindustries,suchascoZEV,FirstMoversCoalition,andSABASupportingtheadoptionoflow-carbonfuelstandardsandpoliciesthataccelerateEVcharginginfrastructureRecruitingmorethan300businessestojoinusinthepledgetoreachthegoaloftheParisAgreement10yearsearly,andbenet-zerocarbonby2040Collaboratingwithotherstoimprovecarbonemissionsreporting,suchastheWeMeanBusinessCoalition’sSMEClimateHubSupportingthetransparencyofcarbonemissionsreportingandworkingtoimprovethegranularityofdataavailableOnapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetHelpingourcustomersmeettheirnet-zerogoals:Studiesfoundthatmovingon-premisesworkloadstoAWScanlowerworkloadcarbonfootprintbynearly80%2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix13“Inthefaceofgreatperil,whichiswhatthelatestsciencedepicts,thebusinesscommunitymusthaveaclearpathforward.Stepupandaccelerateemissionsreductionssothatwemightavoidtheworstofthedamagesyettocome.It’sencouragingthat300companiesarecommittedtoworkingtogethertoachievenet-zerocarbonby2040orsoonerthroughTheClimatePledge.But300companiesarenotenoughtodeliverthetransformationsweneed.Iencourageallbusinessleaderstogettogripswiththescience,translateitfortheirbusinesses,andenablethechangesweneedwithoutdelay.”ChristianaFigueresFoundingPartnerofGlobalOptimism,FormerExecutiveSecretaryoftheUNFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeProgressin2021In2021,253companiesjoinedAmazonassignatoriesofTheClimatePledge—anincreaseofover700%insignatoriesoverthepreviousyear.Collectively,TheClimatePledgesignatoriesrepresent:300+Businessesandorganizations$3.5T+Inglobalannualrevenue8M+Employees29Countries51IndustriesGrowingTheClimatePledgeTheClimatePledgeisacommitmenttoreachnet-zerocarbonemissionsby2040—10yearsaheadoftheParisAgreement.Amazonco‑foundedTheClimatePledgein2019tobuildacross-sectorcommunityofcompanies,organizations,individuals,andpartnersworkingtogethertoaddresstheclimatecrisisandsolvethechallengesofdecarbonizingoureconomy.OurApproachJoiningTheClimatePledgeisanopportunityforcompaniestobepartofacommunitycommittedtotransformationalactiontoprotecttheenvironmentfromthedisruptiverisksassociatedwithclimatechange.Signatoriescommittoreachingnet-zerocarbonemissionsby2040andplayacriticalroleinstimulatinginvestmentinthedevelopmentoflow-carbonproductsandservices.AmazonbecamethefirstcompanytosignTheClimatePledgeafterco-foundingtheinitiativewithGlobalOptimism,apurpose-drivenorganizationledbyChristianaFigueresandTomRivett-Carnac,whooversawthedeliveryofthehistoricParisAgreement,thefirstglobalaccordonclimatechange.TheClimatePledgejoinsleadingorganizationsliketheWeMeanBusinessCoalition,RacetoZero,TEDCountdown,andtheScienceBasedTargetsinitiative(SBTi)toprovideresourcesandsupporttomobilizetheprivatesectortoreachnet-zerocarbonby2040.ThePledgeCommitmentsSignatoriesofTheClimatePledgeagreetothreeareasofaction:RegularReporting:Measureandreportgreenhousegasemissionsonaregularbasis.CarbonElimination:ImplementdecarbonizationstrategiesinlinewiththeParisAgreementthroughrealbusinesschangesandinnovations,includingefficiencyimprovements,renewableenergy,materialsreductions,andothercarbon-emission-eliminationstrategies.CredibleOffsets:Neutralizeanyremainingemissionswithadditional,quantifiable,real,permanent,andsociallybeneficialoffsetstoachievenet-zeroannualcarbonemissionsby2040.Learnmoreaboutthelateststories,progress,andsignatoriesonTheClimatePledgewebsite.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix14PuttingPrinciplesIntoPracticeThepowerofTheClimatePledgeisbringingcompaniestogethertoaccelerateaction—andthat’sjustwhathappenedwithClimatePledgeArena.OakViewGroup,theSeattleKraken,andAmazon—allsignatoriesofTheClimatePledge—workedtogethertobuildthemostsustainablearenaintheworld.NamedbyAmazonandopenedin2021,Seattle’shistory-makingClimatePledgeArenaembodiesthespiritofthePledgeandaimstosetanewsustainabilitybarforthesportsandeventsindustry.InNovember2020,thearenasubmitteditsnet-zerocarbonregistrationtotheInternationalLivingFutureInstitute.Ifcertificationisachieved,ClimatePledgeArenawillbethefirstnet-zerocarboncertifiedarenaintheworld.Renewableelectricityfromon-sitesolarpanelsandoff-siterenewableenergypowers100%ofthearena’soperations.Thestadiumusesreclaimedrainwaterstoredintheicerinksystem,aconceptcalled“RaintoRink,”tocreatethegreenesticeintheNationalHockeyLeague(NHL).Thebuildingitselfisalsoafeat;theoriginal44-million-poundrooffromthepreviousKeyArenawasreusedintheconstructiontosignificantlyreducetheembodiedcarbonofthenewarena.Thearenaisalsoaimingtodivertover97%ofwasteandeliminate100%ofsingle-useplasticsby2024.Asfortheguestexperience,atleast75%oftheingredientsoffoodservedinthearenawillbesourcedwithina300-mileradiusandonaseasonalbasistosupportregionalfarmersandproducers.Allviableunusedfoodfromeventswillbedonatedtolocalcommunityfoodprograms.Thearenastandsasalivingexampleofwhat’spossibleinthetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy.It’snotaboutgivingupthingswelove—it’saboutusinginnovation,technology,andgreatdesigntodothembetterthanbefore.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix15Investmentsin2021In2021,Amazoninvestedinthefollowingcompaniesandinitiativestoacceleratesustainabilityprogressacrosstheareasoftransportation,aviation,freight,packaging,farming,andtechnology:Amogyisdevelopingasystemtoconvertgreenammoniatopowerthatwillbeemission-freeatthepointofuse.Withthepotentialtobecomeoneofthefirstscalableammonia-to-powersystems,Amogy’stechnologycarriesenoughenergydensitytosupportlong-distancetransportationsuchascargoshipping.Thiswouldbeasignificantstepinhelpingdecarbonizethemaintransportmodeforglobaltrade.Amogy’stechnologyalsohasfutureimplicationsforAmazon’sowndecarbonizationgoals,includingthosesetbyTheClimatePledge.InvestinginInnovationThroughTheClimatePledgeFundWeknowthatsubstantialinvestmentisneededtodevelopsolutionsthatwillfacilitatethetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy.TheClimatePledgeFundisa$2billionventureinvestmentprogramsupportingthedevelopmentofsustainabletechnologiesandservicesthatwillenableAmazontomeetournet-zerocarbongoal.Asoftheendof2021,Amazonhadinvestedin13companiesacrossmultipleindustrysectorssincelaunchingthisfundin2020.BETATechnologiesisreshapingairtransportationwithanelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft.Thisaircraft,calledtheALIA,cancarrythreecargopallets,oruptosixpeople,forzerooperationalemissionsdeliveryofcargo,medicalsupplies,orpassengers.Amazon’sinvestmentinBETATechnologiesadvancesourpathtozero-emissionspackagedeliveryandbuildsonourpreviousinvestmentinZeroAvia,thedevelopersofhydrogen-electricaviationsolutions.HippoHarvestisanagriculturalcompanyusingplantscience,machinelearning,androboticstogrowleafygreensandotherproduceingreenhouseenvironments.HippoHarvest’stechnologyaddressestheemissionsandwastethatresultfromtraditionalproducefarming.Theseincludefertilizerandlanduse,transportation,andlandfillmethanefromwastedproduce,whichaccountforroughly30%oftheemissionsfromcropsgrownforhumanconsumption.Thegreenhousesystemcanbedeployedalmostanywhere,allowingproducetobegrownclosertoconsumers.Thiscutsdownemissionsfromproducetransportationandincreasestheshelflifeoffreshproducebyuptofivedays.Asagroceryretailer,AmazoniscommittedtosupportingnewproducesolutionslikethoseofferedbyHippoHarvestaswegrowourproductofferingsatourAmazonFreshandWholeFoodsMarketstores.CMCMachinerydesignsandmanufacturescustom-sizedboxestailoredtothedimensionsoftheitemsineachorder.Thistechnologylowersorremovestheneedforsingle-useplasticpaddingwhilestillprotectingitemsduringshipping.Amazonexpectsthatbytheendof2022,thistechnologycouldreducethecubicvolumeoftheboxesweuseforpackagedeliveriesby24%onaverage,andthetechnologyisprojectedtoreduceouruseofapproximately1billionplasticairpillowsbytheendof2022.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix16Infiniumisarenewableelectrofuelssolutionproviderthatfocusesonconvertingcapturedcarbondioxideandhydrogenfeedstocksintonet-zerocarbonfuelsforuseintoday’sairtransport,marinefreight,andheavytruckfleets.Infiniumelectrofuelshavethepotentialtoenableorganizationstomeettheircarbon-reductiongoalsbyacceleratingthetransitionawayfromfossilfuels.ResilientPower(RP)buildsefficientandeffectivetransformer-basedEVchargingtechnology.RP’stechnologyenablesEVfast-charginginfrastructuretobebuiltatone-tenththesizeandinstallationtimeoftraditionalchargingtechnology,andiscapableofchargingupto24vehiclesatatimewithoutrequiringexpensivedistributiongridupgrades.RP’stechnologyhasthepotentialtohelpAmazonmeetourgoalofdeploying100,000Rivianelectricvansby2030,byensuringthatvehiclescanbequicklyrechargedtosupportdeliveryofcustomerpackages.CollaboratingtoAccelerateInventionIn2021,TheClimatePledgeFundjoinedGreentownLabs,thelargestclimatetechstartupincubatorinNorthAmerica.GreentownLabshasagrowingnetworkofindustry-leadingorganizationscommittedtoclimateactionandinnovation.TheClimatePledgeFund’sengagementwithclimatetechstartupswillhelpacceleratethetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy.LearnmoreaboutourfulllistofinvestmentsonTheClimatePledgewebsite.TheClimatePledgeFundhasalsojoinedElementalExcelerator’sScale-UpProgram.Together,ElementalExceleratorandAmazonareworkingtoaccelerateapathwaytodecarbonizationthatmitigatestheimpactofclimatechangemorequicklyandequitablybyidentifyingandsupportingtechnologystartupsattheforefrontofcleanenergy,mobility,agriculture,andthecirculareconomy.IONEnergydevelopssoftwaretoimprovethelifeandperformanceoflithium-ionbatteriesthatpowerelectricvehicles(EVs)andenergy-storagesystems.IONworkswithmorethan75customersinthemobilityandenergyindustryacross15countries,includingIndia,France,Spain,andtheU.S.WebelievethatION’smissiontoimprovethelifeandperformanceoflithium-ionbatterieswillultimatelyscalesolutionsthathelpusallachieveourambitiousclimategoals.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix17SupportingNature-BasedSolutionsClimatescienceistellingusthat,evenwithaggressivedecarbonizationefforts,companieswillneedtogobeyondtheirownoperationstoreachnet-zeroemissionsby2050.Webelievethatcompanies,includingAmazon,candrasticallyreducetheirownemissionswhilealsoinvestingoutsidetheiroperationsininitiativesthatsignificantlycontributetoachievingtheParisAgreement.Onewaywearedoingthisisbyinvestinginnature-basedsolutionsthatconserve,restore,andimprovelandmanagementactivitiestoincreasecarbonstorageinavarietyofhabitats.OurApproachIn2019,AmazoncreatedtheRightNowClimateFund,a$100millionfundfornature-basedsolutionstorestoreandconserveforests,wetlands,andgrasslandsaroundtheworld.Amazonusesnature-basedsolutionstomitigatecarbonemissionsoutsideofourvaluechainandsupplementthecarbon-reductioneffortswearedrivingacrossouroperations.Nature-basedsolutionsalsohavetheadditionalbenefitofhelpingtopreservethenaturalworldbyconservingwildlifehabitats,protectingbiodiversity,improvingwaterquality,andreducingfloodrisk.Alloftheseimpactscangreatlyenhancewell-beingincommunitiesaroundtheworld.WefollowscientificresearchtofundinitiativesthatarecriticaltohittingthetargetsoftheParisAgreementandstavingoffthemostcatastrophiceffectsofclimatechange.Ourapproachtocarbonneutralizationfocusesonthreeactionsoutsideourvaluechainthatcandeliverneededmitigationandthathaveasignificantunmetneedforinvestment:•Reducingdeforestationtonearzero,especiallyintropicalregions•Scalinguptheremovalofcarbonfromtheatmospherewithnature-basedsolutionssuchasreforestationandagroforestry•Scalingupcarbon-removaltechnologies,suchasdirectaircarboncaptureandstorageScalingUpNature-BasedCarbonRemovalNature-basedcarbonremovalhasthepotentialtotakebillionsoftonsofcarbondioxideoutoftheatmosphere.Ournature-basedcarbonremovalactionscenterondevelopingsystems,tools,scientificknowledge,andscalablebusinessmodelsforreforestationandregenerativeagroforestry.Overtime,wewilllooktoexpandourfocustoincludeotherformsofnature-basedcarbonremoval,suchasrestoringmangroveforestsandmarineecosystems.Nature-BasedCarbonRemovalinBrazilIn2021,AmazonpartneredwithTheNatureConservancytolaunchtheAgroforestryandRestorationAccelerator.TheAcceleratorwillrestorenativerainforesttonaturallytrapandstorecarbonandmitigateclimatechange.ItwillalsocreateamoresustainablesourceofincomeforthousandsoflocalfarmersintheBrazilianAmazonianstateofPará.TheAcceleratorisexperimentingwithinnovativewaystosupportfarmersandnurturemarketsforsustainablecommoditiesandwilladvancenewapproachesandsatellite-basedtechnologiestoquantifyandmonitorcarbonremoval.ReducingEmissionsFromDeforestationSignificantinvestmentisurgentlyneededtohelpcommunitiessetacoursethatbothprovidesforsustainableeconomicdevelopmentandprotectsforests,particularlyintropicalforestregions.ProtectingtheWorld’sTropicalRainforestsIn2021,AmazonhelpedtocreatetheLoweringEmissionsbyAcceleratingForestfinance(LEAF)Coalition,aglobalinitiativeofgovernmentsandleadingcompaniesthathasalreadymobilized$1billiontoprotecttheworld’stropicalrainforests.Thepublic-privateprojectisdesignedtoaccelerateclimateactionbyprovidingfinancingtohelpcountriesprotecttheirtropicalrainforests.InNovember2021,thecoalitionsignedLettersofIntentwithfivetropicalforestcountries:Ecuador,CostaRica,Ghana,Vietnam,andNepal.TheLEAFCoalitionisexpectedtobecomeoneofthelargestinitiativesevertoprotecttropicalforestsandsupportsustainabledevelopment,andwillbenefitbillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhodependontherainforests.SupportingFamilyForestsintheU.S.In2020,Amazoncommitted$10milliontosupporttwoprogramsincollaborationwithTheNatureConservancy.TheprogramshelpfamilyforestownerssequestercarbonacrosstheAppalachianregionoftheEasternU.S.,whichhasbeenidentifiedasdisproportionatelyimportantforconservingbiodiversityandmitigatingclimatechange.Amazon’sgrantsupportseffortstoexpandtheprogramstonewregions,developascientificapproachtomeasuringregionalcarbonimpact,andenhancecarbonverificationmethodologyfortheseprojects.In2021,theprogramsadded107newfamilylandownersandexpandedaccesstotheprogramto130counties.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix18Nature-BasedInvestmentsinCommunitiesAcrossEuropeNaturecantransformurbancommunitieswhilealsomitigatingsomeoftheeffectsofclimatechange,likeurbanheat,flooding,andbiodiversityloss.Therefore,inadditiontoourworkandfundingtowardlarge-scalecarbonemissionsmitigationthroughnature-basedsolutions,wearealsofundingsmaller-scalenatureprojectsinthecommunitieswhereweoperate.AspartofourRightNowClimateFund,Amazonhascommitted€20milliontowardnature-basedprojectsincommunitiesacrossEurope.Theseprojectswillhaverobust,science-basedenvironmentalbenefitsforcarbonremovalandbiodiversity,alongwithsocialbenefitssuchasjobcreationandaccesstonature.PromotingReforestationinItalyIn2021,Amazoncommitted€2milliontosupportParcoItalia,anurbanforestryprogramthataimstoplant22milliontreesacross14metropolitanareasinItaly.Thistranslatestoonetreeplantedpercityresident.Amazon’ssupportforthisprojectwillhelpcitiesbecomemoreresilienttoclimatechangebyincreasingurbanbiodiversity,improvingairquality,andpromotingurbancooling.UrbanGreeninginGermanyIn2020,Amazoncommitted€3.75milliontoTheNatureConservancy’sUrbanGreeningPrograminGermany,whichpromotesbiodiversity,reducesurbanheatislands,andimprovesstormwatermanagementinthefaceofclimatechange.WithAmazon’ssupport,theprogramlaunchedinBerlin’sCharlottenburg-Wilmersdorfdistrictin2020.In2021,theUrbanGreeningProgramdevelopedmappingandanalysisforroofs,grasslands,andurbanstreetscapesforgreeningpotential.LearnmoreaboutAmazon’sscience-drivenapproachtocarbonneutralizationandnature-basedsolutions.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix19OnthePathto100%RenewableEnergyTransitioningtorenewableenergyisoneofthehighest-impactwaystoimmediatelyloweremissions.With274renewableprojectsannouncedasoftheendof2021,Amazonistheworld’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergyandisonapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetof2030.OurApproachSince2014,Amazonhasinvestedinglobalrenewableenergygenerationtodecarbonizeourbusinessacrossourworldwideoperations.Weprocurenewrenewableenergythroughcontractsforutility-scalewindandsolar,on-siterooftopsolarinstallations,andgreentariffswithlocalutilitiesthatdelivernew,renewableenergytothegridswhereweoperate.OurprojectssupplyrenewableenergyforavarietyofAmazonfacilities,includingcorporateoffices,fulfillmentcenters,datacenters,andphysicalstores,whichcollectivelyservemillionsofcustomersglobally.TheseprojectsalsohelpmeetAmazon’scommitmenttoproducethecleanenergyequivalentoftheelectricityusedbyeverycustomer’sEchodevice.Wearemakingadditionallarge-scaleinvestmentsinwindandsolarfarmcapacity,whichwillproducethecleanenergyequivalenttotheelectricityusedbyallEcho,FireTV,andRingdevicesworldwideby2025.OurJourneyIn2021,wereached85%renewableenergyacrossourbusiness,withmorethan12gigawatts(GW)ofrenewableenergyproductioncapacityacrossourglobalportfolio.Oncetheseprojectsarefullyoperational,theyareexpectedtodeliverupto33,700gigawatt-hoursofenergyannually—theelectricityoutputequivalenttopoweringmorethan3millionU.S.homesforoneyear.Theseprojectshelpedpowermorethan30millionmegawatt-hours(MWh)ofelectricityusedbyAmazonin2021andledtoa23%reductioninourcarbonemissionsfrompurchasedelectricityfrom2020to2021.In2021,weexpandedourrenewableenergyfootprintintonewgeographies,andbytheendoftheyear,announcedrenewableenergyprojectsacross18countries.OurfirstsolarprojectsinSouthAfricaandtheUnitedArabEmiratescameonline,andweannouncednewprojectsinSingapore,Japan,Australia,andChina.OurprojectsinSouthAfricaandJapanarethefirstcorporate-backed,utility-scalesolarfarmsinthesecountries.274Globalrenewableenergyprojects105Utility-scalewindandsolarprojects169SolarrooftopsonfacilitiesandstoresWealsoannouncedtwonewoffshorewindprojectsinEurope,includingourlargestrenewableenergyprojecttodate.AsofDecember2021,wehaveenabledmorethan3.5GWofrenewableenergyinEuropethrough80projects,makingAmazonthelargestpurchaserofrenewableenergyinEurope.InJune2021,AmazonannouncedourlargestrenewableenergyprojectinCanada.Onceonline,Amazon’srenewableprojectsinCanadawillproducemorethan1millionMWheachyear—enoughtopowermorethan100,000Canadianhomes.Asoftheendof2021,Amazonhadannounced:2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix20ASouthAfricanSolarFarmIn2021,Amazon’sfirstoperationalsolarprojectinSouthAfricastartedtosupplyclean,renewableenergytothegridthatpowersAWSdatacenters,contributingtothecountry’s2030renewableenergygoals.LocatedintheNorthernCapeprovince,the10-megawatt(MW)solarprojectisexpectedtogenerateupto28,000MWhofrenewableenergyperyear,whichisequivalenttotheannualelectricityconsumptionofover8,000averageSouthAfricanhomes.Thesolarprojectconsistsofmorethan24,000solarpanelsthattrackthesunfromeasttowest,rotatingonasinglepoint.Altogether,theprojectcoversanareaof20hectaresintheNorthernCape,wheresunlightisanabundantresource.Theproject’sdesignwillavoidanestimated25,000tonsofcarbonemissionsannually,theequivalentofremoving5,400carsfromtheroadinSouthAfrica.Thesolarprojectismajority-ownedbylocalwomenandoperatedbyafullySouthAfrican-ownedcompany.Theprojecthasreducedwastebydonatingunusedmaterialsfromconstruction,includingpalletsandelectricalcabledrums,tolocalfurniturebusinessesandspecialskillsschoolstosupportsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesses.EnergyStorageSolutionsKeepingthepowergridsuppliedwhenthesunisn’tshiningandthewindisn’tblowingdemandsinnovativesolutionstocontinuallygeneratecarbon-freeelectricity.In2021,Amazonannouncedourfirstsolarenergyandstorageprojects,whichprovidetheinfrastructurerequiredtostoresolarenergygeneratedwhenthesunisshining.Theseutility-scaleprojectshelpenableelectricitygridstooperatewithcarbon-freeelectricitywhenthesunisn’tshining.MakingtheGridGreenerThroughRenewableEnergyOptimizationAsouruseofrenewableenergygrows,wemonitortheoperationalperformanceofhundredsofglobalprojectstohelpusachieveourrenewableenergygoals.Weemployateamdedicatedtorenewableenergyoptimization(REO),whichleveragesAWSCloudtechnologytoimprovetheperformanceofAmazon’sportfolioofwindandsolarprojects.OurREOteamdevelopedanend-to-endsolutionusingAWSservicestoperformnearreal-timemonitoringofourrenewableenergyprojects.TheteamusedAWSInternetofThings-basedarchitecturetocreateahighlysecure,reliable,scalable,andlow-costsolutionthatmanagesdatafromhundredsofrenewableenergyprojects.Thisenablesustorapidlyidentifyandtroubleshootinefficienciesandfindmoreopportunitiesforgreaterimpact.By2025,weexpecttheseoptimizationswilldeliverthesameamountofadditionalcleanenergyasanew150-MWwindfarm.24K+Solarpanels25KTonscarbonemissionsavoidedannuallyLearnmoreaboutourglobalrenewableenergyprojectsonourwebsite.©SOLAGROUP2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix21IncorporatingSustainabilityIntoOurBuildingsAmazonoperatesthousandsofworld-classfacilitiesthatserveourglobalemployees,customers,andcommunities.Westrivetoreducetheenvironmentalimpactsofourbuildingswhilecreatingapositiveexperienceforthepeoplewhooccupythem.OurApproachWeleverageindustrybestpracticesandemergingtechnologiesinfacilitydesignandoperationtodrivereductionsacrosscarbon,energy,water,andwaste.Wefocusonthedirectemissionsthatresultfrompoweringourbuildings,aswellastheindirectemissionsfromtheembodiedcarbon—thecarbonemittedduringconstruction—inourbuildingmaterialsandequipment.Weuseproventechnologiestoenhanceefficiencyacrossourfacilitiesandpilotnewideas,includinginnovationssupportedbyTheClimatePledgeFund,totransitionourbuildingstonet-zerocarbon.InCorporateOfficesWeuseinnovativedesigntobuildsustainabilityintoourphysicalcampuses.Energy-efficientlighting,low-flowwaterfixtures,composting,andrecyclingarecommonfeaturesinourcorporateoffices.Manyofourofficebuildingsofferplazasandopengreenspacesforpublicuse,alongwithgreenroofsthatprovideoutdooramenityspacewhilesupportingecologicalfunctionslikestormwatermanagement.Wealsoofferplug-inelectricvehicle(EV)chargingstationsandbicycleparkingtoencouragelow-carbontransportationforemployeesandvisitors.In2021,weunveiledourlatestplansforsustainabledesignenhancementsatPenPlace,thesecondphaseofourHQ2developmentinVirginia.Fromthestart,sustainabilityhasbeenakeyelementofourHQ2campusandwearecommittedtoachievingLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED)Platinumcertification,thehighestsustainabilitycertificationforadevelopmentissuedbytheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil.Oncecompleted,weaimforPenPlacetoachieveaminimumof:•10%reductionintheamountofembodiedcarboncomparedtotypicalconstructionpractices,followedbyacommitmenttooffset100%oftheremainingembodiedcarbon.•50%reductioninwaterconsumptionbeyondnationalstandards,usinglow-flowfixturesandreclaimedwater.•30%energysavingsbelowtheAmericanSocietyofHeating,RefrigeratingandAir-ConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE)baseline,withelectrifiedbuildingsystemspoweredby100%renewableenergythroughacombinationofbothon-sitesolarandlocaloff-sitesolargeneration.InformedbyanactiveandongoingengagementprocesswithArlingtonCounty,wearereintroducingnativeplantspeciesandcreatingagreen,walkable,safe,andenjoyablecommunityparkforemployees,nearbyresidents,andvisitors.Wearealsoexpandingtheplantedareaby5,500squarefeet,bringingthetotalareaofpublicspaceatPenPlaceto2.5acres.Inaddition,wearemakingiteasierforpedestriansandcycliststonavigatethecampus.ProtectedbikelanesconnectPenPlacetothecomprehensivelocalbiketransitplan,ensuringourpresencehelpspushforwardArlington’sownsustainabilityambitions.InFulfillmentFacilitiesOurfulfillmentfacilitiesarestate-of-the-artwarehouseswhereweprocessordersforourcustomers.In2021,weconductedpilotprojectsatseveralnewfulfillmentfacilitiesusingalow-carbonconcretetechnologyproducedbyCarbonCure,acompanyAmazonhasinvestedinthroughTheClimatePledgeFund.CarbonCure’stechnologyenablestheconcreteindustrytosequestercarbonpermanentlyinfreshconcrete,reducingembodiedcarbonatnewconstructionsites.WealsolaunchedpilotprojectsatfulfillmentfacilitiesinNorthAmericatoimproveouron-sitewatermanagement.Thisinvolvedretrofittingsitestodivertexcesswaterrunoffawayfromstormwaterdrainsandtowardpondsthatexistoneachfacility’sproperty.Inaddition,manyofourfulfillmentfacilitiesthroughouttheU.S.,Europe,andIndiaarepoweredbyon-sitesolar,wherearooftopinstallationcanpowerupto80%ofthefacility’senergyuse.Asof2021,115ofourglobalfulfillmentfacilitieshaverooftopsolarinstallationsandwecontinuetoscalethisprogramglobally.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix22InOurStoresSustainablebuildingdesignisalsoimportantinourphysicalstores.Inearly2022,ourAmazonFreshlocationinSeattle,Washington,becametheworld’sfirstgrocerystoretopursueZeroCarbonCertificationfromtheInternationalLivingFutureInstitute,aleadingnonprofitdedicatedtoadvancingsustainablebuildingpractices.Morethanadozenupgradeswereincorporatedthroughoutthedevelopmentofthestore,includingtransitioningtoaCO2-basedrefrigerationsystemthatreducesgreenhousegasemissionsby38metrictonsperyearcomparedtoaconventionalsystem.Thestorealsousessteelbyproductsintheconcretefloortoreduceembodiedcarbonbynearly40%comparedtoastandardconcretefloor.Otherkeyfeaturesincludeafullyelectrickitchenspacethatreducestheneedforfossilfuelcombustioninthestore,electrifyingthestoreusing100%renewableelectricitysourcedfromAmazon’srenewableenergyprojects,incorporationoflow-flowfixturesinrestroomsandkitchenstoreducewateruse,andfreeEVchargingforcustomers.Asaresultoftheseupgrades,weexpectthestorewillsavenearly185tonsofCO2eeachyear—theequivalentofdrivingaroundtheEarth18timesinastandardpassengervehicle.1OurWholeFoodsMarketstoresfeaturesimilarsustainabilitybenefitsandupgrades.Attheendof2021,200EVchargingstationswereavailableinWholeFoodsMarketparkinglotsthroughouttheU.S.Nearly50WholeFoodsMarketstoresutilizedrefrigerationsystemsthatrelyonnaturalrefrigerantswithlowglobalwarmingpotentialsandover70WholeFoodsMarketstoreshadsolarrooftops.AmazonSustainabilityAmbassadorsSustainabilityAmbassadorsaresustainability-mindedAmazonemployeeswhoworktoamplifyglobal,companywideeffortsatthelocallevel.AmbassadorsleadprojectsonAmazoncampusesandcreatevirtualengagementopportunitiestoinspirefellowemployees,bothatworkandathome.Theprogramalsoservesasacommunityforsharingbestpracticesamongteamsindifferentsettingsandlocations.Sincelaunchingin2018,theSustainabilityAmbassadorprogramhastransformedintoacollaborativenetworkacross1,250globallocations.Asof2021,morethan8,900Amazonemployeesparticipateintheprogram—upfrom7,500in2020.In2021,welaunchednewchaptersinIndia,Brazil,Australia,Mexico,theUnitedArabEmirates,andbeyond.DrivingLocalImpact,GloballyAmbassadorswhoworkatphysicalsites,likefulfillmentcenters,focusonopportunitiestoengagefellowemployeesthroughon-siteinitiatives.In2021,AmbassadorsatafacilityinWisconsinpartneredwithalocalwastevendortoinstallrecyclingstationsforemployeestodepositusedelectronics.InItaly,anAmbassadorspearheadedanefforttoincludesustainabilityinformationinnewhireorientationprogrammingforthousandsofnewAmazonemployees.InTennessee,morethan35Ambassadorshostedaneventatanearbymiddleschooltoplantatotalof44treesthatwillhelpsequestercarbonanddivertstormwaterattheschoolcampus.AmbassadorsinSingaporealsoledatree-plantingeventtosupporttheSingaporeBotanicGardens.Ambassadorsinourcorporateofficesarefocusedonsustainabilityinitiativesthatcanbedonevirtuallyinanysetting.In2021,5,600AmbassadorsacrosstheglobeparticipatedintheFour-WeekSustainabilityChallenge,pickinguplitteroreatingplant-basedfoods,amongothereverydayactionsthathelppromoteamoresustainablelifestyle.Aspartofthechallenge,agroupofparticipantsinEuropecollectedmorethan2,500piecesofplasticwasteinjust15days.Forthesecondyearinarow,SustainabilityAmbassadorsledAmazon’sSustainabilitySummit,avirtualeducationaleventavailabletoallemployeestolearnmoreaboutourcorporatesustainabilityprogramsandpartnerships.Theeventdrew13,000registrationsacross23virtualsessionsin2021andfeaturedspeakersfromAmazon’ssustainabilityleadershipteam,SustainabilityAmbassadorchapters,andsignatoriesofTheClimatePledge.ThesummitalsofeaturedoursecondcrowdsourcingchallengeforAmazonemployeestopresentinnovativeideasonsustainability,whichreceived89submissions.1CalculationbasedonCO2esaved,usingtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)carboncalculator.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix23DecarbonizingTransportationDeliveringforourglobalcustomersrequiresAmazontorelyonavarietyoftransportationsolutionsforlongandshortdistances.DecarbonizingourtransportationnetworkisakeypartofmeetingTheClimatePledgeby2040andmaking50%ofAmazonshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030,whichiswhyweareactivelytransformingourfleetnetworkandoperations.OurApproachOneofthewayswearedecarbonizingourtransportationnetworkisbydeployingtechnicalsolutionsincludingzero-emissionvehiclesandlow-carbonfuels.Wearepreparingoursystemsandfacilitiestoaccommodatethelarge-scaleadoptionofzero-emissionvehiclesinthecomingyears,whichwillrequirenewrefuelinginfrastructureandoperatingpatterns.Achievingournet-zerocarbongoalwillalsodemandlong-termsolutionsthathavenotyetbeeninvented,alongwithanabundantsupplyofcleanenergysourcestopowerthosetechnologies.Knowingthis,weareinvestinginbreakthroughinnovationsthroughTheClimatePledgeFundandforgingindustrypartnershipstoacceleratechange.DeployingSolutionsAcrossOurNetworkLast-MileDeliveryWeusearangeofdeliverymethodstoreduceemissionsonlast-mileroutestoourcustomers’doorsteps.Theseincludeelectricdeliveryvehiclesandmicromobilitytechnologiesthatcanbeusedforshorterjourneys.In2019,weordered100,000customelectricdeliveryvehiclesfromRivian—thelargestordereverofelectricdeliveryvehicles.Werolledoutthefirstofthesevehiclesin2021.WeexpandedourEuropeanelectricdeliveryfleetwithanorderfor1,800electricvansfromMercedes-Benz,asignatoryofTheClimatePledge.InIndia,weareadding10,000electricvehicles(EVs)toourexistingfleet,includingtwo-wheeler,three-wheeler,andfour-wheelervehiclesbuiltbylocalmanufacturers.Wearealsopilotingelectricdeliveryvehiclesinotherlocations,includingLatinAmerica,Asia,andtheMiddleEast.In2021,morethan100millionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsacrossEuropewithafleetofover3,000electricdeliveryvansandotherzero-emissionvehicles.Additionally,overhalfamillionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsinNorthAmericawithEVs.Morethan100AmazondeliverystationsacrossNorthAmericaandEuropeareequippedforEVusage,andallnewdeliverystationsaredesignedtomeettheneedsofourcurrentandfutureelectricdeliveryfleets.Zero-EmissionTransportationinParisWeannouncedinNovember2021that,inthecityofParis,two-thirdsofourshipmentsaredeliveredusingzero-emissiontransportation.ThiswasachievedthroughacombinationofEVs,cargobikes,andcartsfordeliveriesonfootthroughourDeliveryServicePartners—allofwhichcontributetodecarbonizingthelast-miledeliveryprocess.Additionally,weareusingmicromobilitytechnologiestotransformthewaypackagesaredelivered,particularlyinurbansettings.In2021,morethan5millionshipmentsacross17Europeancitiesand30millionpackagesinManhattan,NewYork,weredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsusingcargobikesandwalkers.Ourglobalbicyclefleetincludestraditionalbicyclesandelectricbikesconnectedtocargotrailersthatcancarryupto45packagesatatime.Morethan400cargobikesareusedtomakedeliveriesforWholeFoodsMarketandAmazonFreshtocustomersinManhattanandBrooklyninNewYorkCity.100M+PackagesdeliveredacrossEuropewithzero-emissionvehicles30MPackagesdeliveredinManhattan,NewYork,usingcargobikesandwalkers5M+ShipmentsdeliveredinEuropeusingmicromobilitysolutions2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix24Wealsopurchasedsustainablefuelmadefromwastecookingoiltoreduceshippingemissionsinoceanshipping.Thispurchasewasestimatedtohavereducedemissionsbyapproximately20,000metrictonsofCO2ein2021,whichwillbecontinuedin2022.Wecontinuetoadvancepublicpoliciesatthenationalandmultinationallevelsthatwillsupportthedecarbonizationofthemaritimeshippingsector.PartneringtoSupportSolutionsoftheFutureWeknowthatmovingtomore-sustainabletransportationwillrequireinnovativesolutionsandsustainablefuelsthatdonotyetexist.ThroughTheClimatePledgeFund,wearehelpinginventorsandentrepreneursmovefasterwithaninvestmentportfoliothatincludesbreakthroughtransportationtechnologies,suchasthosebeingdevelopedbyRivian,BETATechnologies,ResilientPower,Amogy,Infinium,andZeroAvia.In2021,wehelpedlaunchCargoOwnersforZeroEmissionVessels(coZEV)withtheAspenInstitute.ThroughcoZEV,Amazonissupportinginitiativestoincreasetheavailabilityofzero-emissiontechnologiesandfuelswhilegainingsupportfromshippinglines,cargoowners,ports,andotherorganizationsthatcanenableenergytransition.WealsobecameafoundingprivatesectormemberoftheFirstMoversCoalitiontoleaddecarbonizationofthemaritimeshippingindustry.Thecoalitionbringsglobalcompaniestogethertoharnesstheirpurchasingpowerandsupplychainstocreateearlymarketsforinnovativecleanenergytechnologiesthatarekeyfortacklingtheclimatecrisis.Withthislaunch,weannouncedourcommitmenttouseshipswithzero-emissionfuelsforatleast10%ofthevolumeofourgoodsshippedinternationallyby2030and100%by2040.Additionally,wearedrivingpoliciesthatsupporttheadoptionofgreentechnologyaroundtheworld.InMay2021,wesupportedapolicyproposaltotheJapanesegovernmentfortheadoptionofzero-emissionvehiclesinthedeliveryindustrybytheJapanClimateLeaders’Partnership.Thegovernmentsetanewtargetof100%electricorfuelcellvehiclesinnewdeliveryvehiclesalesby2040.ItalsointroducedintensivemeasurestoadoptEVsoverthenextdecadethroughtheGreenGrowthStrategyinJune2021.AmazonFASTforwardAmazonworkswiththousandsofexternaltransportationproviders,fromindividualtruckownerstomultinationallogisticsservicecompanies.Aspartofourworktodecarbonizeourtransportationnetwork,wewanttomakecleantechnologiesavailableandaccessibletoallofthem.In2021,weheldourfirstvirtualtransportationsustainabilitysummit,FASTforward,focusedonFutureAdvancedSustainableTransportation.Thesummitbroughttogetherindustryleaders,fleetoperatorsandmanufacturers,researchers,andpolicyexpertsfromEuropetoshareexperiencesandinspireaction.Middle-MileandLong-DistanceTransportationWhenitcomestotransportinggoodsoverlongerdistances,werelyontransportationacrossroads,rail,air,andwater,eachofwhichoffersfewexistinglow-carbonsolutionsthatcanbeimmediatelydeployedatscale.Wearepromotingtheuseoflow-carbonsolutionsintheneartermwhilealsoinvestinginemergingtechnologiesandcollaboratingwithotherstoacceleratecross-sectorinnovationinmiddle-mileandlong-distancetransportationforthefuture.InNorthAmericaandEurope,weincreasedourtotalrailloadvolumeandexpandedourAmazonandleasedrailassetsin2021.WestarteddeployingbatteryEVtrucksacrossourheavycommercialtruckingfleetsandbeganswitchingtovehiclesthatusealternativefuelsources,likecompressednaturalgas(CNG)trucks.Asof2021,wehadorderedmorethan3,000CNGvehicles,andweareprocuringmillionsofgallonsofrenewablenaturalgascreatedfromwastestockstopowerthem,significantlyreducingcarbonemissionsandparticulatematterpollutants.Weareinvestinginalternativefuels,suchassustainableaviationfuel,whichreducescarbonemissionsinflightupto20%overstandardaviationfuel.Amazonsecuredmorethan5milliongallonsoflow-carbonaviationfuelin2020andagreedtopurchaseupto6.5milliongallonsin2021and2022.WealsojoinedtheSustainableAviationBuyersAlliancein2021andbecameoneofthegroup’sfoundingmemberstodriveinvestmentandsendmarketsignalsinsupportofsustainableaviationfuel.“ByjoiningtheFirstMoversCoalition,wearesendingaclearsignalthatcompanieslikeAmazonareseekinglong-term,low-carbonfuelsolutionstohelpusachievenet-zerocarbonby2040.WewelcometheBidenadministrationandtheWorldEconomicForum’sdecisiontolaunchtheFirstMoversCoalition,whichwillhelpfurtheraccelerateoureffortstodecarbonizeouroperationsthroughrealbusinesschangeandinnovation.”AndyJassyPresidentandCEO,Amazon2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix25AvoidingandManagingWasteBeyondAmazon’scommitmenttodecarbonizeouroperations,weareworkingtosendlessmaterialtolandfillsandmorebackintothecirculareconomyloop.Themajorityofthewasteweproducecomesthroughourcustomerfulfillmentoperations,frommaterialsthatbecomeobsoleteinoursupplychain,orfromsurplusinventory,includingitemsthatareoverstocked,returned,cosmeticallydamaged,ornearexpiration.OurApproachThebestwaytoreducewasteistoavoidcreatingitinthefirstplace,throughwaste-preventionprogramsandoptimizedinventorymanagement.Reuseisthenextbestoption,andisachievedbyrepairing,repurposing,anddonatingusableitems—allactionswe’vedevelopedprogramstosupport.Wethenrelyonrecyclingandcompostingtoenabletherecoveryofrawmaterials,andasalastresort,weseektorecoverenergyfromanywastematerialthatmustbesenttolandfill.ReimaginingtheProductLifecycleThroughAmazonSecondChanceThroughAmazonSecondChance,weprovidecustomerswithwaystoresponsiblyretiretheirproducts.CustomersintheU.S.,UK,Canada,France,Germany,Italy,Spain,Sweden,andJapancanaccessarangeofservicestorecycle,repair,ortradeintheiritems,aswellasshopforlike-newandrefurbishedproducts.WealsoprovideguidanceontheresponsibledisposalofAmazonpackaging.Howtoshoppre-owneditems:AmazonRenewedoffersrefurbishedproductssuchaselectronics,homeappliances,andmore.AllproductsareprofessionallyinspectedandtestedtoworkandlooklikenewandarebackedbytheAmazonRenewedGuarantee.AmazonWarehousegivesasecondlifetoproductsreturnedbycustomers.Eachproductundergoesarigorous20-pointinspectionprocessbeforebeingsoldatadiscount.Pre-OwnedAmazonDevicesprovidescustomerswithaccesstocertifiedrefurbished,like-newAmazondevicesthathavebeenscreenedandtestedbyAmazonandarebackedwiththesamelimitedwarrantyasanewdevice.Howtorecycleortradeinproducts:AmazonTrade-InallowscustomersintheU.S.,UK,andGermanytotradeinthousandsofeligibleelectronics,suchasAmazondevicesandselectthird-partycellphones,tablets,videogamesandconsoles,Bluetoothdevices,andmore,inexchangeforanAmazonGiftCard.Traded-inAmazondevicesareprocessedandresoldtonewowners,andanydevicesnotqualifiedforresalearerecycledthroughanAmazon-approvedrecycler.Forelectronicequipmentthatcannotberepairedortradedin,customerscanrecycletheiritemsfreeofchargethroughAmazonDeviceRecyclingintheU.S.andthroughvariousrecyclinginitiativesinEurope.Theseprogramsrouteelectronicequipmenttorecyclingpartnersandverifythattheyarerecycledandrepurposed.Howtorepairitems:Freeproductsupportprovidescustomerswithtechnicalassistanceforselectitems,encouragingcustomerstofixitemsandmaximizetheirlifespanbeforereplacingordisposingofthem.IntheU.S.,repairsupportisalsoavailablethroughiFixit.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix26AvoidingWasteThroughProductDonationsAtourglobalfulfillmentcenters,weusesoftwaretoidentifyandsorteligibleitemsthatarefitfordonation.WepartnerwithlocalcommunityorganizationstocollecttheseitemsfromAmazonfacilitiesanddistributethemtopeopleinneed.Bydonatingsurplusinventorytocharitableorganizations,wekeepusableproductsoutofthewastestreamandhelpstrengthenourlocalcommunities.ManyofourproductdonationsaregeneratedthroughourFulfillmentbyAmazon(FBA)donationsprogram,whichautomatestheprocessforAmazonsellingpartnerstodonatetheiroverstockedorreturneditems.Theservicerequiresnoadditionalactionfromsellingpartners,allowingAmazontoeasilyscaleproductdonationsthroughourexistinglogistics.WedistributethemajorityofourproductdonationsthroughGood360,anonprofitthatworkswithanetworkof100,000charitypartnersintheU.S.ThroughourpartnershipwithGood360,Amazonproductdonationsaredistributedtolow-incomehouseholds,fosterfamilies,individualswithspecialneedsordisabilities,seniors,veterans,immigrants,andmore.InEurope,wepartnerdirectlywithmorethan100charitiesandlocalorganizationstodistributeproductdonations.Since2019,Amazonhascontributedmorethan100millionproductstoourglobalcharitypartnersinNorthAmerica,Europe,Australia,andJapan.WearecontinuingtoexpandourproductdonationsprogramgloballybyaddingnewlocationsintheMiddleEast,NorthAfrica,andSouthAmerica.RedirectingFoodWasteAsanonlinefoodretailerandanoperatorofphysicalgrocerystores,Amazoniscommittedtoreducingourfoodwasteby50%acrossourU.S.andEuropeoperationsby2030.WebecameamemberoftheFoodLossandWaste2030ChampionsthroughtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin2020,andextendedourcommitmenttoreducingfoodwastetoourEuropeoperationsin2021.Toachievethis,weareoptimizingourfoodinventorymanagementsystemstominimizewastefromtheoutsetandprioritizingwaystoavoidlandfills.Whereverpossible,wedonatesurplusfoodtoindividualsandfamilieswhoneeditmostthroughcommunityredistributionprograms.In2021,wedonated85millionpoundsoffood—equivalenttomorethan70millionmeals—throughFeedingAmericaintheU.S.FeedingAmericaisanetworkoffoodbanks,pantries,soupkitchens,shelters,andothercommunity-basedagenciesthathelpsAmazonmaximizetheimpactofourfooddonations.InEurope,wedonatedmorethan4,000tonsoffood—equivalentto10millionmeals—in2021.AllofourUKgrocerystoreshaveadonationpartnerinplacethathelpsdeliversurplusfoodtocharitiesaroundLondon.Similarly,allofourU.S.grocerystoreshaveadonationpartner.Forfoodthatcan’tbedonated,weturntoprocessesthatavoidlandfills,suchascompostingandanaerobicdigestion.In2021,wediverted27,000tonsoffoodthroughcompostingandanaerobicdigestionacrossourworldwideoperations.AllAmazonFreshstoresoperatingintheU.S.havecompostingprogramsforfoodthatcannotbedonated,andweareexpandingouron-sitecompostingcapabilitiesacrossourfacilities.AtourWholeFoodsMarketstores,wehaveactivecompostingprogramsatnearly470locationsandcollectivelydivertedmorethan155,000tonsoffoodwastebytheendof2021.Another2,775tonsoffoodwasteweresenttoanaerobicdigestionfacilitiesthroughanorganicwasterecyclingsystemcalledGrind2Energy.TheGrind2Energysystemhashelpedtodivert12,500tonsoffoodwasteatWholeFoodsMarketstoressince2014.Asaresult,wehavepreventednearly9,000metrictonsofCO2efromenteringtheatmosphereandproducedenoughclean,renewableenergytopowerover2,500U.S.homesforamonth.RecyclingSolutionsAcrossOurOperationsCorrugatedboardisthemostcommonmaterialthatflowsthroughourfulfillmentcenteroperations,andweworkwiththird-partyrecyclinghaulerstoremoveexcesscorrugatefromourfacilitiesforoff-siterecycling.ManyofthesehaulersalsosupplyAmazonwiththepackagingmaterialsthatweuseforcustomershipments,convertingwastematerialrecoveredfromAmazonoperationsintonew,recycledpackaging.Notallthematerialsweusecanbeeasilyrecycledwithcurrentsystems,sowelookforinnovativesolutionstorecyclethesechallengingmaterials.Oneexampleisplasticfilm,whichisnotcommonlyacceptedthroughmunicipalrecyclingprograms.Wehaveon-siteplasticfilmrecyclingsystemsatmanyAmazonoperationsfacilitiesacrossNorthAmericaandEurope,enablingustoconvertplasticfilmintobagsmadeof100%recycledmaterial.Wecontinuetoexplorealternativesolutionsforothermaterialsthatarechallengingtorecycle.In2021,wecompletedapilottorecycleandrepairdamagedbagsusedtosortandstowitemsinourfulfillmentoperationsintoreusablematerials.Additionally,weworkwithourshippinglabelsuppliersinseveralEuropeanlocationstorecyclethesiliconebackingpaperfromshippinglabelstomakenewones.CityServeCityServe,basedinCalifornia,isoneexampleofaGood360CommunityRedistributionPartner;itworkswithanetworkoflocalchurchestodelivernecessitiestothousandsofindividualsandfamilies.In2021,ourdonationsenabledCityServetoprovidepersonalcaresuppliestomorethan20,000people.CityServestaffandvolunteersassembled“blessingbags”fullofitemsdonatedbyAmazon,includingtoothpaste,toothbrushes,handtowels,anddisposablemasks.Thebagsweredistributedtoindividualsandfamilieswithouthousing.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix27ImprovingOurPackagingPackagingplaysacriticalroleinthecustomerdeliveryexperience,andAmazoniscommittedtodeliveringproductssafelyandsustainably.Since2015,wehaveinvestedinmaterials,processes,andtechnologiesthathavereducedper-shipmentpackagingweightby38%andeliminatedover1.5milliontonsofpackaging.OurApproachAmazoncustomerswantright-sized,recyclablepackagingthatminimizeswasteandensuresdamage-freedelivery.Weworktoreinventandsimplifyoursustainablepackagingoptionsusingascience-basedapproachthatcombineslabtesting,machinelearning,materialsscience,andmanufacturingpartnershipstoscalesustainablechangeacrossthepackagingsupplychain.EliminatingPackagingWherePossibleFrustration-FreePackaging(FFP)isAmazon’sflagshipprogramdesignedtoreinventthepackagingexperience.FFPproductsoffermore-sustainablepackagingthatiseasytoopen,fullyrecyclable,andcapableofshippingwithoutadditionalpackagingprotection.In2021,webeganofferingincentivestovendorsthatconverttheirpackagingtoFFPtoencouragemorevendorstoadoptthesebest-in-classstandards.Wealsoofferadditionalincentiveswhenthosechangesincludereductionsintotalcubicvolume.Thisgenerateslesspackagingwasteforcustomersandenablesmorepackagesperdeliveryvehicle.Bytheendof2021,morethan2millionproductsqualifiedunderourFFPprograms.PartneringforBetterPackagingSomeproductsaremoredifficulttoshipthanothers.Stemware,forexample,isfragileandfrequentlyarriveswithmultiplelayersofpaddingtopreventdamage.Thisadditionalmaterialcanmakeforafrustratingcustomerexperienceanddoesn’talwaysprotecttheproduct.Todemonstratethate-commercepackagingcanbebothminimalandeffective,wefacilitatedacompleteredesignofstemwarepackagingforLenox,awell-knownbrandthathasspecializedintablewareandglasswareforover130years.Thisnovelpackagingdesignincludeschangingproductorientationtooptimizeforspace.Italsoincludesaprotectivecorrugateinsert,replacingtheneedforbubblewrap,furtherreducingplasticwasteandimprovingthecustomerexperience.Theresultisafullyrecyclablepackagethatuses83%lessmaterialweightand78%lessvolumewithoutcompromisingprotectionoftheiteminside.ColdGroceries,DeliveredMoreSustainablyIn2021,U.S.groceryteamslaunchednewcurbside-recyclablepackagingtoreplacenonrecyclableinsulationthatprotectschilleditemsingrocerydeliveries.Thishaseliminatedtheannualneedfor1,500tonsofnaturalcottonfiberand7,500tonsofnonrecyclablemixedplasticthatwaspreviouslyrequiredtosafelydeliverchilledorfrozengroceriesfromAmazonFreshandWholeFoodsMarket.Itisparticularlychallengingtodesignnewsolutionsthatmaintainadequateinsulationpropertiestokeepproductschilled.Ourinnovativepackaginguseslayersoftissuetoprovidebothdurabilityandinsulationwithoutsacrificingrecyclability.Customerswerewithusforeverystepofthisjourney.LearnmoreabouthowwetestedthispackaginginseveralU.S.citiesandincorporatedimprovementsintothedesignbasedoncustomerfeedback.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix28Sizewithnewalgorithm1,393inch334.7%ExternalcubereductionSizewitholdalgorithm2,133inch3NoAmazonPackagingPaperboardEnvelopesUnpaddedBagsRecyclablePaperPaddedMailerlockerlockerPaddedMailerlockerlockerlockerFlexibleMailerslockerBoxesShipmentZeroPackagingFlexiblesCorrugated8%ofshipments49%ofshipments43%ofshipmentsLowerWasteOptimizingMaterialsWherePackagingIsNecessaryWhenadditionalAmazonpackagingisrequiredtoshipaproduct,westrivetooptimizethatpackagingforincreasedrecyclabilityalongwithreducedwasteandcarbon.Wearetransitioningtomaterialsthatarecompatiblewithlocalpaperandplasticrecyclingstreamswhereweoperate.WealsosupportinitiativestoexpandtheavailabilityofcurbsiderecyclinginfrastructuretothepublicthroughinvestmentsinTheRecyclingPartnershipandtheClosedLoopInfrastructureFund.IntheU.S.,weexpandedtheuseofourrecyclablepaperpaddedmailer,replacingnearly70%ofourmixedmaterialbubblemailersin2021.Wealsoimprovedthecompositionofoursingle-useplasticpackagingtouselessmaterialandincorporatemorerecycledcontent.In2021,weincreasedtherecycledcontentofourplasticfilmbagsfrom25%to50%andthatofourplasticpaddedbagsfrom15%toover40%.Throughthesecollectiveefforts,weavoidedover30,000tonsofplasticacrossNorthAmericain2021.AlgorithmPackagingEfficienciesOurFulfillmentPackagingBreakdownin2021whensmallerproductsaresuitableforflexiblepackaging,suchaspaddedmailersandbags,whichareupto75%lighterthansimilar-sizedboxes.Overthepastfiveyears,thesealgorithmshaveallowedustoreducetheuseofcorrugatedboxesbyover35%.In2021,wedeployeddata-sciencealgorithmstooptimizethenumberandsizeofboxesusedfor12geographiesaroundtheworld.Thesealgorithms—whichhelpourfulfillmentcentersmaintaintherightmixofboxsizes—nowcover65%ofglobalboxshipments,withplanstoscaleto97%in2022.Wealsointroducedadvancedfittingalgorithmsdesignedtoreducepackagingspecificallyforshipmentswithmultipleitems.Thesenewalgorithmscalculatethepossiblearrangementsofproductsforbestfitinathree-dimensionalvirtualpackage.Sincelaunch,thistechnologyhasdowngradedthesizeortypeofpackagingfor7%oftotalshipmentsandweplantodeployitgloballyin2022.InEurope,weswitchedfromsingle-useplasticdeliverybagstorecyclablepaperdeliverybagsandcardboardenvelopesforordersshippedfromfulfillmentcentersin2021.Wealsoremovedawiderangeofsingle-useplasticproductsfromourEuropeanstores.InAustralia,wereplacedallsingle-useairpillowswith100%recyclablepapermaterialtoprotectgoodsduringshipping.AmazonalsobecameafoundingmemberoftheIndiaPlasticsPactafterremovingsingle-use,thinfilmplasticsfromAmazonpackagingthroughoutIndiafulfillmentcentersin2020.UsingTechnologytoOptimizePackagingTypeandFitWeusearangeofboxesandmailersacrossourfulfillmentnetwork,andforeveryshipmentthatrequirespackaging,weusescience-basedsystemstodetermineoptimalpackagingsizesandtypes.Thisstartswithusingmachinelearningtoidentifyproductsthatcanbedeliveredsafelywithlessmaterial.Machinelearningalgorithmshelpusdetermine2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix29ProductSustainabilityAspartofourmissiontobeEarth’smostcustomer-centriccompany,wearegivingcustomersaccesstoproductsthataremoresustainable.ThisincludesbothourAmazon-brandedproductsandthethird-partyitemsweofferthatfeaturesustainabilitycertificationsthroughourClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram.MakingSustainableShoppingSimplerAspeoplechangethewaytheyshopandsearchforproductsthatalignwiththeirvalues,Amazonisempoweringourcustomerstomakemoreinformedshoppingdecisionseveryday.OurApproachThroughtheClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram,wearehelpingcustomersintheU.S.andEuropediscoverandshopformore-sustainableproducts.Toidentifytheseproducts,wepartnerwithawiderangeoftrustedandtransparentexternalcertifications.Qualifyingproductsarelabeledinshoppingresultsandhaveadditionalsustainabilityinformationontheirproductpages.Wealsodevelopedourowncertification,CompactbyDesign,toidentifyproductsthathaveamoreefficientdesign.Byeliminatingexcessair,water,andpackaging,productsrequirelesspackagingandbecomemoreefficienttoship.Atscale,thesesmalldifferencesinproductsizeandweightleadtosignificantcarbon-emissionreductions.OurJourneySincewelaunchedClimatePledgeFriendlyin2020,thenumberofproductsincludedintheprogramhasgrownfrom75,000tomorethan250,000bytheendof2021.Searchratesfortheseproductshavealsoincreasedsignificantlyduringthesametimeframe.In2021,morethan370millionClimatePledgeFriendlyunitswereshippedtoAmazoncustomersandwewelcomed20newthird-partysustainabilitycertificationstotheprogram.SeeafulllistofClimatePledgeFriendlycertificationsonAmazon.com.370M+ClimatePledgeFriendlyunitsshippedtoAmazoncustomersin2021250K+ClimatePledgeFriendlyproducts36ParticipatingexternalcertificationsAdditionally,in2021,welaunched17featuresandexperimentstoincreasethediscoverabilityofClimatePledgeFriendlyproducts.ThisincludedanewGuidedBuyingtoolforAmazonBusinessPrimecustomers,designedtospotlightClimatePledgeFriendlyproducts.Thetoolhasbeenadoptedby1,650organizationssincelaunchinginJuly2021.GuidedBuyingsteersbusinesscustomerstoClimatePledgeFriendlyproductsasthepreferredprocurementoptionbytheirorganizations.EverydayEssentials,ConsciouslyCreatedWithAmazonAwareInearly2022,AmazonlaunchedAmazonAware,anewlineofeverydayessentialitemswiththird-partycertificationsfeaturedinourClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram.AmazonAwarehelpscustomersintheU.S.,Canada,andEuropetoshopforproductsmadefrommaterialssuchasrecycledpolyester,organiccotton,andbio-basedingredients.Thelinefeaturesproductsacrossapparel,home,beauty,andothercategories—allwithproduct-specificcertifications,suchasGlobalRecycledStandardforrecycledpolyestercontentinapparelitems.BeddingandbathproductsusecertifiedorganiccottonandarecertifiedbyMADEINGREENbyOEKO-TEX,whichverifiesthatproductsaretestedforharmfulsubstancesandmadeinsaferworkplaceswithreducedenvironmentalimpacts.HouseholdcleanersaremadewithU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture-certified,bio-basedcleaningformulas.LearnmoreaboutthelaunchofAmazonAware.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix30EmpoweringSustainableBusinessesInadditiontohelpingshoppersfindmore-sustainableproducts,ClimatePledgeFriendlyisencouragingmorebrandsandsellingpartnerstojointheprogramandgrowourimpact.“We’reencouragedbyAmazon’sClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram,itsrecognitionthatconsumerswanttotakeanactiveroleinhelpingourplanet,anditscommitmenttomakingiteasiertoshopforsustainableoptions,suchasourNestléTollHousemorsels.”StevePresleyU.S.MarketHeadandCEO,NestléUSAHearFromClimatePledgeFriendlyCertificationPartnersCarbonneutralbyClimatePartnerverifiesthatthecarbonfootprintofaproductiscontinuouslycalculatedandreduced,withanyremainingemissionsoffset.TheCarbonneutrallabelhasbeenonthemarketformorethanadecadeandisrecognizedasatrustworthycertificationbyindependentandgovernmentalinstitutions.“PeoplewanttoshopmoreconsciouslyandAmazonismakingthateasier.ClimatePartnerisproudtobepartofthisimportantjourney,providingtransparencyandcredibilitywithitsverificationofclimateneutrality.”TristanFoersterCEOandCo-Founder,ClimatePartnerEWGVERIFIEDproductsarereviewedtoensuretheyarefreefromEnvironmentalWorkingGroup(EWG)’sknownchemicalsofconcernandadheretostricthealthstandards.Foralmost30years,EWGhastrackedchemicalsafetyandwarnedconsumersaboutcompaniesthatusehazardouschemicalsinitemssuchascosmeticsandotherpersonalcareproducts.“WearedelightedthatAmazonhasselectedEWGVERIFIEDtoincludeinitsefforttofeaturemore-sustainableproductsasawaytoprotectourclimate.WhenAmazonshoppersseetheClimatePledgeFriendlylabelonaproductthathasearnedtheEWGVERIFIEDmark,they’llknowthatitisalsooneoftheproductsidentifiedasmoresustainableonAmazon,inadditiontomeetingourindustry-leadingbenchmarksforhealth.”KenCookPresident,EWG2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix31ThefollowingsetofsustainabilitycommitmentsguideAmazonPrivateBrandsandWholeFoodsMarketdecisionsforsourcingmaterialsandingredients:AnimalWelfareAsretailersofanimal-derivedproducts,werecognizeourresponsibilitytoupholdanimalwelfarewithinoursupplychain.WeexpectoursupplierstoupholdtheFiveFreedomsframeworkforanimalwelfare,whichmandatesfreedomfromhungerandthirst;freedomfromdiscomfort;freedomfrompain,injury,ordisease;freedomtoexpressnormalbehavior;andfreedomfromfearanddistress.Weexpectoursupplierstocomplywithallapplicablelawsandtotakeazero-toleranceapproachtoanimalcruelty,abuse,andneglect.Weencouragesupplierstocontinuouslyimprovetheiranimalwelfarestandardsandpractices,andtoworktowardrecognizedanimalwelfarecertificationsorindustryguidelinesthatincludewelfareprovisions.ForinformationaboutanimalwelfareatWholeFoodsMarket,seeourMeatDepartmentQualityStandards.Cocoa,Coffee,andTeaAmazoniscommittedtosourcingcocoa,coffee,andteathatiscertifiedagainstsustainabilitystandardsbyRainforestAllianceorFairtradeInternationalforourgroceryAmazonPrivateBrands2selectioninEurope.ForcocoaproductsinEurope,otherindependentlyverifiedthird-partyschemes(suchasCocoaHorizons)mayalsobeused,subjecttoreviewandapproval.MostofourPrivateBrandsground,wholebean,andpodscoffeeproductsinNorthAmericaarealsocertifiedbyRainforestAlliance,FairtradeInternational,orFairTradeUSA,andweexpecttheremainingselectiontotransitionin2022.SourcingSustainableMaterialsInadditiontoofferingmore-sustainablechoices,wewantourAmazonPrivateBrandstosupportresponsiblesupplychainsandcontributetogrowingcirculareconomies.Fromgroceriesandcleaningsuppliestofashionanddevices,wecarefullyconsiderthematerialsandlifecycleimpactsacrossourproductcategoriesbyasking:Howcantheseproductsbebetter?OurApproachWeareworkingtoenhancethecertificationandtraceabilityofkeyrawmaterialsandingredientsinourconsumableproducts.Wealsoparticipateinindustrypartnershipsandworkinggroupsthatdrivegreateradoptionofsustainableandresponsiblepractices.Additionally,weareincreasingtheamountofrecycledfiberusedinmanyofourAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelproducts.All365byWholeFoodsMarketbrandchocolatebars,chocolatechips,andbakingchocolatearecertifiedbyFairTradeUSA,andin2021,wetransitionedallteaunderthesamebrandtobecertifiedbyeitherFairTradeUSAorRainforestAlliance.Inaddition,all365byWholeFoodsMarketpackagedcoffeeisresponsiblysourcedandcertifiedaccordingtoanapprovedthird-partycertification,includingRainforestAlliance,FairTradeUSA,orFairtradeInternational.WholeFoodsMarketisalsoamemberofConservationInternational’sSustainableCoffeeChallenge,acollaborativeeffortofcompanies,governments,NGOs,researchinstitutions,andotherstotransitionthecoffeesectortobemoresustainable.CottonWearestrivingtosourceallcottonforourAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelproductsfrommore-sustainablesourcesbytheendof2022.Thisincludesusingcottonsourcedfromrecycledmaterials,fromfarmscertifiedasproducingorganiccotton,orthroughBetterCotton,aglobalnonprofitthataimstotransformthecottonsupplychainbydevelopingBetterCottonasasustainablemainstreamcommodity.EggsAmazoniscommittedtosourcingcage-freeeggsinourgroceryPrivateBrandswholeshelleggproductsinNorthAmericaandEurope.AtWholeFoodsMarket,allshellandliquideggssoldinourdairycasesandusedinourkitchensandbakeriesintheU.S.gobeyondcage-freeandareauditedtooneoffourproductionsystemstomeetWholeFoodsMarket’sAnimalWelfareStandardsforLayingHens.AtWholeFoodsMarketinCanada,alleggscomefromcage-freehens.LeatherWearestrivingtosourceallleatherforourAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelandshoeproductsfrommore-sustainablesourcesbytheendof2023.Toachievethis,wewillsourcefromtanneriesthatmeettheLeatherWorkingGroup’sbronzelevelawardorhigher.2Asusedhere,Amazon’sgroceryPrivateBrandsincludebrandsunderourFresh,Kitchen,andConsumablesbusinesses.WholeFoodsMarketreferstoWholeFoodsMarketintheU.S.,exceptwherestatedotherwise.AmazonPrivateBrandsconsistofproductsacrossseveralcategorytypes,includingapparel,grocery,home,electronics,andmore.ExploreourPrivateBrandsonAmazon.com.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix32PorkInadditiontocomplyingwiththeEuropeanrestrictionsontheuseofgestationcrates,Amazoniscommittedtosourcinggestationcrate-freeporkby2025inourgroceryPrivateBrandsfreshporkproductsinNorthAmerica.AtWholeFoodsMarket,allporksoldintheMeatDepartmentisalsocrate-freeandcertifiedbytheGlobalAnimalPartnership—anonprofitallianceofproducers,retailers,animaladvocates,andscientiststhatcertifiesproducers’animalwelfarepracticestomorethan100animalwelfarestandards.SeeWholeFoodsMarket’sMeatDepartmentQualityStandardsformoreinformation.RecycledFabricsWeareincreasingtheuseofrecycledfabricsinAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelproducts,includingmovingfromconventionaltorecycledpolyester,andlaunchingproductsmadefrominnovativerecycledfibers.SeafoodAmazoniscommittedtosourcingseafoodthatiscertifiedorratedagainstsustainabilitystandardsforourgroceryPrivateBrandsselectioninNorthAmericaandEurope,aswellasthroughoutWholeFoodsMarket’sSeafoodDepartment.Forwild-caughtseafoodundertheseselections,single-ingredientfresh,frozen,andcannedproductsmustbesourcedfromfisheriesthatarecertifiedagainstsustainabilitycriteriabytheMarineStewardshipCouncilStandardorrated“Green”or“Yellow”byMontereyBayAquariumSeafoodWatchprogram.Amazon’sgroceryPrivateBrandswild-caughtseafoodproductsmayalsobepartofacrediblefisheryimprovementprogramwithaprogressratingofCMan-MadeCellulosicFibersWearestrivingtosourceallman-madecellulosicfibers—includingrayon,viscose,lyocell,andmodal—forourAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelproductsfrommore-sustainablesourcesbytheendof2022.WeusethenonprofitCanopy’stoolsandreportstohelpavoidfiberssourcedfromendangeredforests,endangeredspecies’habitats,orothercontroversialsources.PalmOilAmazonusespalmoilcertifiedagainstsustainabilitystandardsinourPrivateBrandsfoodandnonfoodproductsinNorthAmericaandEurope.Inasmallnumberofcases,palmoilcreditsmaybeusedtocoversmallvolumesandcomplexderivatives.Werevisitthesecasesannuallywithapplicablesuppliersandagreeonplanstotransitiontophysicallycertifiedpalmoilwherepossible.Inaddition,100%of365byWholeFoodsMarketbrandfooditemscontainingpalmoil,palmkerneloil,palmfruitoil,andpalmshorteningareproducedusingsustainableoilproducts.PaperInNorthAmericaandEurope,AmazongroceryPrivateBrandsarecommittedtosourcingpaperproductssuchaspapertowels,toiletpaper,andfacialtissuethatarecertifiedagainstsustainabilitystandardsorasrecycledbyorganizationssuchastheForestStewardshipCouncil(FSC),SustainableForestryInitiative,andProgrammefortheEndorsementofForestCertification.Inaddition,all365byWholeFoodsMarketpaperproductsareeithermadefrom100%recycledmaterialsorcertifiedbyFSC.orhigher.Forsingle-ingredientfarmedseafood,AmazongroceryPrivateBrandsproductsmustbecertifiedbytheAquacultureStewardshipCouncil,certifiedorganicbyEUorganic,Naturland,orotherapprovedschemes,orcertified2starsorhigherbytheGlobalAquacultureAlliance’sBestAquaculturePractices.AllWholeFoodsMarketfarm-raisedfreshorfrozenseafoodmeetsourResponsiblyFarmedstandards,istraceabletothesource,andrequiresthird-partyverificationofwaterqualityanddozensofotherqualitystandards.SeeWholeFoodsMarket’sSeafoodDepartmentQualityStandardsformoreinformation.LearnmoreaboutourRestrictedSubstanceList,whichprovidesanextensivelistofchemicalsweseektoavoidinAmazonPrivateBrandsbaby,householdcleaning,personalcare,andbeautyproducts,andappliestoallsuppliersoftheseproductcategoriesintheU.S.andEurope.OurFoodContactMaterialsRestrictedSubstanceListoutlinesthechemicalsofconcernandnonrecyclablematerialsweprohibitinAmazonKitchenfoodcontactpackaging.Inaddition,everyfoodproductsoldbyWholeFoodsMarketmustmeetrigorousqualitystandards,whichprohibitmorethan230preservatives,flavors,colors,sweeteners,andotheringredients.WholeFoodsMarketalsohasstandardsforallhouseholdcleaning,beauty,andbodycare.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix33DesigningOurDevicesandServicesforSustainabilityAmazondevicesandservicesareapartofeverydaylifeformillionsofcustomersaroundtheworld.Theyinform,entertain,andconnectourcustomers,andweareworkinghardtomakeourdevicesmoresustainable.Thatincludeshelpingcustomersreducetheirimpactontheenvironmentthroughourproductsandservices.OurApproachWedesignourdevicestobemoresustainablebymeasuringandreducingcarbonemissionsatallstagesoftheproductlifecycle,fromhowthedevicesaremadetohowtheyareusedandultimatelydisposedof.Weextendourimpactbydeliveringproductsandexperiencestohelpcustomersmanagetheirownenvironmentalimpact.MaterialsandChemicalsWeincorporaterecycledmaterialsintomanynewAmazondevices.In2021,welaunchedseveralEcho,FireTV,FireTablet,Kindle,andSmartHomedevicesandaccessoriesthatincludeupto60%recycledmoldedplastic,upto100%recycledfabrics,upto100%recycledaluminum,andupto70%recycledmagnesium,dependingontheproduct.Wealsoincorporated50%recycledplasticintocertainpoweradaptersthatshipwithourdevices.Toadvancethemovetosaferchemistry,wejoinedChemFORWARDasaco-designpartner.Throughthispartnership,wearecollaboratingwithindustrypeerstoproactivelyidentifyharmfulchemicalsandsaferalternativesaheadofregulations.PackagingIn2020,wecommittedtomakingAmazondevicepackaging100%recyclableby2023.Additionally,weareworkingtosource100%ofthewoodfiberinourpackagingfromresponsiblymanagedforestsorrecycledsources.Wehavemadesignificantprogresstowardourgoals,eliminatingmorethan29millionplasticbagsfromourdevicepackagingbetweenSeptember2020andSeptember2021.FornewEcho,FireTVStick,FireTablet,andKindlePaperwhitedeviceslaunchedin2021,94%–98%ofthepackagingismadeofwoodfiber-basedmaterialsfromresponsiblymanagedforestsorrecycledsources,dependingontheproduct.EnergyIn2020,Amazonbecamethefirstconsumerelectronicscompanytocommittoaddressingtheelectricityusedbyourdevicesthroughrenewableenergydevelopment,startingwithourEchodevices.Wearealsomakinginvestmentsinadditionalwindandsolarfarmcapacitythat,by2025,willbeequaltotheenergyuseofFireTVandRingdevicesworldwide.Combined,weexpecttheseprojectswillproduceover5millionmegawatt-hoursofcleanenergyperyear—that’senoughtopowermorethan400,000homes.Toaccompanyourinvestmentsinrenewableenergy,wealsocontinuetomakeourdevicesmoreenergyefficient.WehavebeenrollingoutLowPowerModetonewdevices,aswellastoolderdevicesalreadyincustomers’homes.Bytheendof2021,over50%ofallEchoandFireTVdevicesincustomers’homeshadLowPowerMode.WealsolaunchedanumberofnewFireTablet,FireTV,andAmazonSmartHomedevicesin2021thatweredesignedforenergyefficiencyandearnedtheENERGYSTARcertification.ReliabilityWedesignourdeviceswithbest-in-classreliabilitymodelssothattheyaremoreresilient,lastlonger,anddon’tneedtobereplacedasoften.Wealsoreleaseover-the-airsoftwareupdatesforourcustomers’deviceswithfeatureandsecurityupdates.SuppliersWeworkwithoursupplierstoencouragesustainabilityasatoppriority.In2021,welaunchedourZeroWastetoLandfillprogramforsuppliers.TenofoursuppliersitesresponsibleforthefinalassemblyofsomeofourmostpopularEcho,Kindle,andFireTVdevicesachievedUL’sZeroWastetoLandfillSilverorPlatinumcertification—asignificantsteptowardachievingourzero-wasteambitions.Thiscertificationindicatesthatwastehasbeenhandledinenvironmentallyresponsibleways,divertingmorethan90%ofafacility’swastefromlandfillthroughmethodsotherthanwastetoenergy.ClimatePledgeFriendlyWepartnerwithtrustedandtransparentexternalcertificationstovalidatethesustainabilityofourproductsandclearlycommunicatethistocustomerswiththeClimatePledgeFriendlylabel.In2020and2021,ourEcho,FireTV,FireTablet,KindlePaperwhite,andSmartHomedevicesandaccessorieslaunchedwiththeClimatePledgeFriendlylabel.ManyoftheseproductscarrytheCarbonTrust’sReducingCO2certification,demonstratingareductioninthecarbonemissionsofaproductyearoveryear.TheAmazonSmartThermostatisthefirstAmazondevicetobeECOLOGOSilvercertified—acertificationthatdemonstratesproductsmeetstandardsthatcanreducetheenvironmentalimpactofoneormorestagesoftheproductlifecycle.AlexaWearemakingiteasierforcustomerstounderstandtheirhomeenergyusewiththeAlexaenergydashboard,availableintheU.S.Thedashboardworkswithcompatiblesmartlights,plugs,switches,waterheaters,thermostats,televisions,andEchodevices,allowingcustomerstoeasilyestimatetheenergyusedbythesedevices.CustomerscanalsoenableAlexatohelpthemconserveenergywithHunches.Forexample,ifAlexahasaHunchthatacustomerisawayandforgottoturnoffalight,Alexacanautomaticallyturnitoff,helpingcustomerssaveenergyandreducecarbonemissions.ExtendingOurImpactTodrivechangebeyondourbusiness,welookforwaystosharelearningsandinnovationsthathaveshapedthewaywedesignourproducts.Thisallowsotherstoleverageourexpertiseandmakemore-sustainableproductsfortheirowncustomers.Inearly2022,wepublishedapapercalledDecarbonizingandNeutralizingtheUsePhaseofConnectedDevices,focusedonhowweareintegratingcarbon-reductionstrategiesacrosstheusephaseofourdevices.Thesestrategiesaccountforanestimated10%–15%oftheoverallcarbonfootprintofrechargeablebattery-operateddevicesandanestimated60%–80%ofthefootprintofplugged-indevices.AtAmazon,werecognizethatwecannotsolvethischallengealone,andweareeagertoinviteotherconsumerelectronicscompaniesandconnecteddevicemanufacturerstojointhemissionofdrivingtoanet-zerocarbonusephase.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix34SustainabilityintheCloudAWSistheworld’smostcomprehensiveandbroadlyadoptedcloudoffering,withmillionsofglobalusersdependingoniteveryday.Tobuildasustainablebusinessforourcustomersandfortheworldweallshare,wearedesigningdatacentersthatprovidetheefficient,resilientserviceourcustomersexpectwhileminimizingourenvironmentalfootprint—andtheirs.OurApproachWefocusonefficiencyacrossallaspectsofourinfrastructure,fromthedesignofourdatacentersandhardwaretomodelingtheperformanceofouroperationsforcontinuousenhancedefficiency.Weareonapathtopowerouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025.Theserenewableenergyinvestmentshelppowerourdatacenters,aspartofourcommitmenttoreachnet-zerocarbonacrossouroperationsby2040.ForAWS,operatingsustainablyalsomeansreducingtheamountofwaterweusetocoolourdatacenters.OurholisticapproachminimizesbothenergyandwaterconsumptioninouroperationsandguidesthedevelopmentofourwaterusestrategyforeachAWSRegionwhereweoperate.Inaddition,weworktoreducethecarbonemittedduringtheextraction,manufacturing,andtransportationofmaterialstodatacenterconstructionsites.Reducingthisembodiedcarbonoffersasignificantopportunitytocutouroverallemissionsfromdatacenters.EnergyEfficiencyWeareusinginnovationtoimprovepowerefficiencyinmultipleways,includingourinvestmentinAWS-designedchipsandtheAWSNitroSystem.Forinstance,AWS-designedGraviton3isourmostpower-efficientgeneral-purposeprocessor.Graviton3-basedElasticComputeCloud(EC2)instancesuseupto60%lessenergyforthesameperformancethannon-GravitonEC2instances.Withtheworld’sincreasingneedforcomputingandasmachinelearninghasbecomemainstream,continuallyinnovatingatthechiplevelwillbecriticaltosustainablypoweringtheworkloadsofthefuture.AWSalsocontinuallyinnovatesoncoolingefficiency.Forexample,weworkedwithourvendorstooptimizethelongevityandairflowperformanceofthecoolingmediumusedinourdatacentercoolingsystems.Thenewmediumprovidestwicetheservicelifeandallowsairtopassthroughmoreeasilythanpreviousiterations,savingfanenergy.Thishassignificantimpactsonbuildingenergyperformance,reducingtheenergyuseofcoolingequipmentby20%.PredictingandTrackingPerformanceWeuseadvancedmodelingmethods,suchascomputationalfluiddynamicstools,tooptimizeourdatacenterdesign.Thisallowsustofullyunderstandhowthedatacenterwillperformbeforeitiseverbuilt,enablingustooptimizeforhigherreliabilityandenergyefficiencyinoursystems.Onceourdatacentersareoperational,real-time,physics-basedmodelsallowustofurtherimproveandoptimizeourdesigns.WebuildthesecustommodelsusingAWSservicesandweatherdatasetsfromtheAmazonSustainabilityDataInitiativetopredictsystemperformanceforoursitesandtracktheirperformanceagainsthowtheyshouldbeoperating.ReducingEmbodiedCarbonInadditiontoemissionsfromourenergyusage,AWSaddressesawiderangeofindirectemissions—includingthoseassociatedwiththeconstructionofourdatacenters.SteelisoneofthelargestcontributorsofembodiedcarboninthestructureofAWSdatacentersandweareloweringtheseemissionsbyworkingwithmillsusingelectricarcfurnaceproductionprocesses.Unlikeconventionalsteelproducedfromprimarymaterials,coal,andgas,oursuppliersareusingupto100%recycledcontentandarepoweredbyelectricityonly,reducingembodiedcarbonupto70%.Wedeliveredsixprojectsconstructedwithrecycledsteelin2021andwillexpandthistoallfutureU.S.andEuropeandatacentersmovingforward.Concretealsocontributesalargeshareofembodiedcarbonindatacenterconstruction,andAWShasmultipleinitiativestoreducethecarbonimpactoftheconcreterequired.Forexample,ourdesignstandardsnowrequireconcretewitha20%reductioninembodiedcarbonversusstandardconcretefornewU.S.datacenters,andweareexpandingthisrequirementglobally.5xAWSisuptofivetimesmoreenergyefficientthantheaveragedatacentersurveyedinEurope3.6xAWSis3.6timesmoreenergyefficientthanthemedianofU.S.enterprisedatacenterssurveyed2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix35AWSCustomerCarbonFootprintToolAsAWScontinuestoinvestinsustainabilityacrossourinfrastructure,manyofourcustomershaveaskedustohelpmeasurethecarbonfootprintoftheirAWSworkloads—bothtounderstandhowmovingtoAWSreducestheircarbonfootprintandtoreporttheiroverallfootprint.Ournewcustomercarbonfootprinttoolusessimplevisualizationstoshowcustomerstheirhistoricalcarbonemissions,evaluaterelatedtrendsastheiruseofAWSevolves,estimateemissionsavoidedbyusingAWSinsteadofanon-premisesdatacenter,andreviewforecastedemissionsbasedontheircurrentusage.Theforecastshowshowcustomers’footprintswillchangeasAmazonstaysonpathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025,fiveyearsearlierthantheoriginaltargetof2030,anddrivestowardnet-zerocarbonby2040.Inaddition,historicalcarbonemissionsdataisavailablebasedonacustomer’sAWSusefromJanuary2020onward.ThisdataincludesScope1andScope2emissions.Scope1emissionscomedirectlyfromacompany’soperations,whileScope2emissionscomefromthegenerationofpurchasedenergy,suchastheelectricityusedtopowerAmazonfacilities.ThecustomercarbonfootprinttoolusescarbondatathatmeetsthewidelyadoptedinternationalstandardoftheGreenhouseGasProtocol,whichsuppliestheworld’smostwidelyusedgreenhousegasaccountingstandards.WhensignedintotheAWSBillingconsole,customerscanviewtheircarbonemissionsdatabygeographicallocationandbyAWSservice,suchasEC2andAmazonSimpleStorageService(AmazonS3).Theycanalsomeasurechangesintheircarbonfootprintovertime,astheydeploynewresourcesinthecloud.MovingtoAWSCanHelpSignificantlyLowerCarbonStudiesby451Research,partofS&PGlobalMarketIntelligence,haveshownthatAWS’infrastructureismoreefficientthanon-premisesdatacenters.AWSis3.6timesmoreenergyefficientthanthemedianofU.S.enterprisedatacenterssurveyedanduptofivetimesmoreenergyefficientthantheaverageinEurope.AsimilarstudythatsurveyedorganizationsinJapan,SouthKorea,Singapore,Australia,andIndiafoundthat,onaverage,movingtothecloudwasuptofivetimesmoreenergyefficientthanusingtheiron-premisesdatacenters.Afteranalyzingseveralregions,451ResearchalsofoundthatAWScanlowercustomers’workloadcarbonfootprintsbynearly80%comparedtosurveyedenterprisedatacenters,andupto96%onceAWSispoweredwith100%renewableenergy—atargetweareonpathtomeetby2025.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix36CommunityWaterProgramsWaterisakeyresourcewesharewiththosewholivewhereweoperate,sowelookforopportunitiestoreturnwatertothesecommunities.Forexample,wepartneredwiththeCityofUmatillaandtheWestExtensionIrrigationDistricttodeliverwatertofarmersinOregon.Insteadofgoingtoawastewatertreatmentplant,ourcleancoolingwatergoesintoacanalthatdeliversthewatertofarmersforuseinirrigation.Withthisproject,wereuseupto96%ofthewastewaterwedischargefromourdatacentersinthisregion.In2021,wefundedwatershedrestorationeffortsbyTheNatureConservancyinCapeTown,SouthAfrica,andRecycledWaterWeevaluatetheopportunitytoreduceourconsumptionofpotablewaterandareactivelyexpandingouruseofnonpotableandrecycledwaterforcoolingpurposes.Incertainregions,weworkdirectlywithutilitiesandregulatorstoobtainapprovalfortheuseofrecycledwaterindirectevaporativecoolingtechnology.Wearecontinuingtoworkwithwaterutilitiesinvariousregionstoexpandthisrecycledwaterinfrastructure.Throughtheseactions,weareactivelycontributingtosustainablewatersolutionsbyreducingourimpactonthelocalpotablewatersupplyforthecommunitieswhereweoperate.On-SiteWaterTreatmentWeuseon-site,modularwater-treatmentsystemsinmultipleregions,whichallowustoremovescale-formingmineralsandreusewaterformorecycles.Increasingour“cyclesofconcentration”contributestoreducingthewaterintakeneededtocoolourdatacenters.WaterStewardshipinDataCentersAmazonknowswaterisapreciousresource.OurholisticapproachminimizesbothenergyandwaterconsumptioninourdatacenteroperationsandguidesourwaterusestrategyforeachAWSRegion.Thisstartswithevaluatingclimatepatterns,localwatermanagementandavailability,andopportunitiestoavoidusingpotablewatersourceswheneverpossible.Wearecommittedtoconservingandreusingwater,bothinouron-siteoperationsandbyworkingwithprivateandpublicentitiestosupportwateravailabilityincommunitieswhereweoperatedatacenters.EvaporativeCoolingOurpreferredcoolingstrategyfordatacentersusesevaporativetechnologies.Weanalyzetheweatherineachregionandmonitorourcoolingsystem,whichisdesignedtomaximizeenvironmentalcoolingandminimizewateruse.Duringthehottestmonthsoftheyear,wehaveoptimizedsystemstominimizewaterusage.Outsideairiscooledthroughanevaporativeprocessandpushedintotheserverroomstokeephardwareatstableoperatingtemperatures.Withthisdesign,evenourlargestdatacentersatfullcapacitywoulduse,onaverage,aboutthesamewaterinayearasonly25U.S.households.Duringcoolermonths,wherepossible,outsideairissupplieddirectlytothedatacenterwithoutneedingtobecooled.Weareconstantlyinnovatingthedesignofourcoolingsystemstofurtherreducewaterusage.Weareinstallingsensorsthatprovidereal-timewater-usedatatooperatorsandsustainabilityteams.Byanalyzingthisdata,wecanidentifyopportunitiestoreducewaterusageandrapidlymakeoperationalchanges.SãoPaulo,Brazil.Thesecompletedprojectshaverestored365hectaresoflandandincreasedwatersupplyavailabilityby45milliongallonsperyear.ThroughpartnershipswithWater.organdWaterAidinIndiaandIndonesia,weinitiallyintendedtoprovidecleanwaterto165,000people.Bythetimethesepartnershipsconcludedinearly2022,wesurpassedourgoalandprovidedcleanwaterandsanitationtoover250,000communitymembers.In2022,webegansupportinganewsetofprojects,whichincludewetlandcreationintheThamesRiverBasininEnglandandwaterqualityprojectsintheChesapeakeBaywatershedintheU.S.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix37AmazonSustainabilityDataInitiativeTheAmazonSustainabilityDataInitiative(ASDI)helpsresearchers,scientists,andinnovatorsaroundtheworldadvancetheirworkonsustainability-relatedresearch.Theprogramprovidespubliclyavailable,freeaccesstoimportantscientificdatathatcanotherwisebehardforresearcherstoaccessoranalyze.OurApproachASDIworkswithscientificorganizationsaroundtheworldtoidentifyimportantdatasets,whicharethenhostedforfreebytheAWSOpenDataSponsorshipProgram.Theprogramcurrentlyhostspetabytesofdataincludingweatherobservations,oceantemperatures,climateprojectiondata,andsatelliteimagery.Ourapproachallowssustainabilityexpertstoanalyzemassiveamountsofdatainminutes,regardlessofwheretheyareintheworldorhowmuchlocalstoragespaceorcomputingcapacitytheycanaccess.InnovatingforSustainabilityintheCloudFromuniversityresearcherstolocalgovernmentsandfederalagenciestoprivatestartups,organizationsleverageASDItohelpaddressmajorsustainabilitychallenges.ASDIencouragesthisbyprovidingcloudgrantstothoseinterestedinexploringtheuseofAWS’technology.HerearesomeexamplesofhowASDIishelpingdrivesustainabilityinnovations:SolcastSolcastisanAustraliancompanythatbuildsforecastsforsolarindustrycustomersusingcloudcover,solarradiation,andphotovoltaic(PV)powerdata.TheforecastshelpsolarproducerspredicttheamountofsolarirradianceandtheamountofsolarPVenergythattheirfarmsmayreceive.Solcast’sforecastsrelyonlargedatasetsfromaglobalfleetofweathersatellites,includingGeostationaryOperationalEnvironmentalSatellites(GOES)datafromtheU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA),whichSolcastaccessesthroughASDI.Thedatahelpssolarcustomersorchestraterenewableenergygenerationacrosselectricalgrids,visualizetheimpactofthousandsofPVsystems,andoptimizeutility-scalebatteriesandsolarfarms.Inaddition,thedatahelpsidentifythebestlocationsforsolarfarms,enablinggovernmentsaroundtheworldtoplantheirtransitiontowarda100%renewableenergyfuture.LearnmoreontheAWSblog.DigitalEarthAfricaDigitalEarthAfricaisanonprofitworkingwithAfricannationstoprovidelocalleaderswithinformationtoplanforimpactsrelatedtoclimatechange,likeflooding,droughts,anderosion.ThroughacollaborationwithASDI,DigitalEarthAfricaisusingsatelliteimageryhostedonAWStocreateaplatformthathelpsmonitorenvironmentalconditionsintheAfricancontinent.InZanzibar,Tanzania,governmentofficialsandtheStateUniversityofZanzibarareusingtheDigitalEarthAfricaplatformtomonitorhowcoastalerosion,risingsealevels,anddeforestationarecontributingtothedegradationofmangrovetreesontheisland.ThedatahostedonAWS,whichlocalofficialspreviouslyhadnowaytoaccess,hashelpedleadersunderstandtheneedtorestoretheirmangrovesandledtoanefforttoplant1,000mangroveseedsperweek.Weatherdatainparticularcanhelpshippersoptimizetheirroutes.Traditionally,theseandotherclimate‐relateddatasetshaveresidedaroundtheworldinlargefilesandcomplexsystems,makingthemhardtoaccesswithouttheaidofspecializedcomputers.Tosolvethis,nauticAiisleveragingweatherforecastdatathroughASDIfromNOAAandtheFinnishMeteorologicalInstitute.nauticAi’stechnologyalsousesmachinelearningandartificialintelligencetoolsonAWStofurtherimprovemaritimeoperations.nauticAinauticAiisamaritimestartupcompanyfromFinlandthatoffersoceanfreightshippingcompaniesareal-timecloudplatformtohelpthemoperatetheirfleetsmoreefficiently.Thetechnologyanalyzesavarietyofdata,includingweatherforecasts,engineperformance,humidity,andmotion,whichoperatorscanusetoimproveships’performanceandhelpvesselsavoiddamagingstorms.QhubTheEarthScienceInformationPartnersLab,ascientificnonprofit,isworkingwithASDItoextendcloudcreditstosupportthedeploymentofQhub,adevelopmentspaceontheAWSCloudthatgivesmorethan90scientistsacrossfourU.S.governmentagenciesanareatoshareandanalyzedata.ThisnewspaceenablestheU.S.federalgovernmentandthescientiststocollaborateinwaysthatwerepreviouslydifficultduetothelackofasharedcomputinginfrastructure.Theefforthashelpedaccelerateresearchoneverythingfromfloodingtoillegalminingwhilehelpingthescientistslearnthebenefitsofcollaborativedataandcomputing.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix38Wedependonthepeoplewhosupportourentirevaluechainandarecommittedtoensuringtheyaretreatedwithdignityandrespecteachandeveryday.Weknowwehavemoretodo,andwearecommittedtocontinuouslywideningourlenstobetterunderstandthepotentialhumanrightsimpactsofourbusiness.SocietyContributingtoaMoreEquitableSocietyInThisSectionHumanRightsEmployeeBenefitsDiversity,Equity,andInclusionEmployeeEngagementSafety,Health,andWell-BeingSupplyChainCommunities2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix39StartingWagesWeofferanaveragestartingwageof$18+perhourforrolesinfulfillmentandtransportationintheU.S.—morethandoublethefederalminimumwage.DonationsThroughtheAmazonBusinessDonationsHub,wecontributedmorethan225millionin-kinddonateditemsin2021,includingpersonalprotectiveequipment,schoolsupplies,andotheressentials.BlackBusinessAcceleratorIn2021,welaunchedtheBlackBusinessAccelerator,a$150millioninitiativetohelpbuildsustainableequityandgrowthforBlack-ownedbusinesses.GenderEquityWesignedandadoptedtheUNWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciplesaspartofourlong-standingcommitmenttogenderequity.IncreaserepresentationofemployeesfromdiversebackgroundsacrossourbusinessSuccessandScaleBringBroadResponsibilityUpskill300,000Amazonemployeesby2025StrivetobeEarth’sBestEmployerCommitmentLeadershipPrincipleCommitmentLeadershipPrincipleOurSocietalCommitmentsandProgressLearnmoreaboutourcompletelistofGoalsandProgressonourwebsite.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix40RespectingHumanRightsThroughoutOurBusinessOurApproachOurcommitmentandapproachareinformedbyleadinginternationalstandardsandframeworksdevelopedbytheUNandtheInternationalLabourOrganization(ILO).AmazoniscommittedtorespectingandsupportingtheUNGuidingPrinciplesonBusinessandHumanRights(UNGPs),theUNUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights,thecoreConventionsoftheILO,andtheILODeclarationonFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork.OurstrategytodeliveronthesecommitmentsisbasedontheUNGPsandhasfivepillars:developingstrongpolicies;embeddinghumanrightsintoourbusiness;assessing,prioritizing,andaddressingriskthroughmechanisms;transparencyandstakeholderengagement;andenablingaccesstoeffectiveremedy.Weworktocontinuouslyimprove,trackingourprogressonourhumanrightscommitmentsandreviewingandupdatingourpolicies,processes,andpracticestoputpeopleatthecenterofourwork.StrongPoliciesOureffortsareanchoredinpoliciesthatapplyacrossourbusiness—fromourownoperationstooursupplychain,andfromthedesignanduseofourtechnologytothecommunitiesweimpact.Weregularlyreviewourpoliciestoidentifyareasforupdateandimprovement,engagingexternalstakeholdersandbenchmarkingagainstinternationalhumanrightsstandardsandevolvingindustrynorms.OurGlobalHumanRightsPrinciplesdemonstrateourcommitmenttorespectinghumanrightsandthedignityofpeopleconnectedtoourbusinessaroundtheworld.OurSupplyChainStandardsdetailtherequirementsandexpectationsforoursuppliers,theirsupplychains,andsellingpartnersthatlistproductsinourstores.Theyaregroundedinprinciplesofinclusivity,continuousimprovement,andsupplychainaccountability.Weengagewithsuppliersthatarecommittedtothesesameprinciples;supplierscommittothesestandardsasaconditionofdoingbusinesswithus.Atleasteverythreeyears,inlinewithindustrybestpractices,wereviewourSupplyChainStandardsagainstpoliciesdevelopedbyindustryassociations.Additionally,wereviewthesestandardsinconsultationwithhumanrightsexpertsandorganizations,includingBusinessforSocialResponsibility(BSR),ImpacttLimited,InternationalCenterforResearchonWomen,Nest,theResponsibleBusinessAlliance(RBA),andUNWomen.EmbeddingHumanRightsIntoOurBusinessWearecommittedtoembeddinghumanrightsconsiderationsintodecision-makingacrossourcompanyandintoourpolicyandgovernanceframework.Amazon’sBoardofDirectorsisresponsibleforthecontrolanddirectionofAmazonandregularlyreviewsreportsonvariousaspectsofourbusiness,includingrelatedrisksandthestrategiesforaddressingthem.WhiletheentireBoardhasoverallresponsibilityforriskoversight,theBoardhasdelegatedresponsibilityforcertainriskstoitscommittees.Amongotherdutiesandresponsibilities,theNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeoverseesAmazon’senvironmental,social,andcorporategovernancepoliciesandinitiatives.Thisincludespoliciesandinitiativesrelatedtocorporatesocialresponsibility,suchashumanrightsandethicalbusinesspractices,andrelatedrisksmostrelevanttoAmazon’soperationsandengagementwithcustomers,suppliers,andcommunities.Amongotherdutiesandresponsibilities,theLeadershipDevelopmentandCompensationCommitteeoverseesAmazon’sstrategiesandpoliciesrelatedtohumancapitalmanagement,includingdiversityandinclusion,workplaceenvironmentandsafety,andcorporateculture.TheCommitteesregularlymeetwithmanagementandreviewthesematters.Asaglobalcompany,werecognizetheresponsibilityandopportunitywehavetoraiseawarenessamongouremployeesonhumanrightsissues.Wehaveacentralteamthatworksacrossthecompanytooperationalizehumanrightsduediligenceandembedhumanrightsconsiderationsintoeverydaybusinessdecisions.Wealsooffertrainingstailoredtosalienthumanrightsrisks.Forexample,ourforcedlaborawarenessprogrammakesongoingtrainingavailabletoemployeesaroundtheworldtorecognizeindicatorsofforcedlaborandreportconcernstoappropriateauthoritiesinawaythatputstheinterestsofpotentialvictimsfirst.Amazoniscommittedtotreatingthepeopleconnectedtoourentirevaluechainwithfundamentaldignityandrespect.Westrivetoembedrespectforhumanrightsthroughoutourbusinessactivitiesandrelationships.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix41MechanismstoAssess,Prioritize,andAddressRiskWearecommittedtoassessing,prioritizing,andaddressingadversehumanrightsimpactsconnectedtoourbusinessandwearecontinuallyworkingtoimproveourapproach.AtAmazon,businessesdeployavarietyofmechanismstodothis.Inoursupplychain,weassessandrespondtoriskbyleveraginginternalandexternaldataandguidancefromexternalstakeholders,includingindustryexperts,civilsocietygroups,andNGOs.WeengagedirectlywithsuppliersandtheirworkersandconductindependentauditstoverifycompliancewithourSupplyChainStandards.Wealsoworkwithsuppliersonappropriateremediationmeasuresandofferpartnershipsandprogramstohelpthemaddressrisksandinvestinworkerwell-being.Werecognizethatauditsaloneareinsufficienttodrivelong-termchangeacrossindustries.We,likemanycompaniesinsimilarindustries,areexploringnewwaystoencourageimprovementinworkerprotections.Thisincludessupportingsuppliers’effortstoimprovetheirgrievancemechanisms,suppliercapacity-buildingprograms,workertrainings,andcollaborationswithotherbrandsandcivilsociety.Wecurrentlyfocusoursupplychaineffortsonkeycommitmentareas:SafeWorkplaces,FreelyChosenEmployment,GenderEquity,FairWages,EnvironmentalProtection,andGrievanceMechanisms.IdentifyingSalientHumanRightsRisksTheUNGPsguidecompaniestoprioritizethemostsevereriskstopeopleconnectedtotheiroperationsandbusinessrelationshipsandarethefoundationofourhumanrightsduediligenceapproach.Teamsuseavarietyoftools—saliencyassessments,humanrightsimpactassessments(HRIAs),andotherhumanrights-basedprocessesgroundedintheUNGPs—toassess,prioritize,andaddressthemostsevereriskstopeople.In2020,AmazonworkedwithsustainabilityandhumanrightsconsultingfirmArticleOneAdvisorstoconductourfirstenterprisewidesaliencyassessment,focusedonidentifyingsalienthumanrightsrisksacrossourbusiness.Weconsultedadiversegroupofexternalhumanrightsexperts,incorporatedtheirfeedbackintotheresults,andbenchmarkedtheresultsagainstinternationallyrecognizedhumanrightsstandards.Theassessmentidentifiedasetofpriorityhumanrightsvalues,threefoundationalcommitments,andkeysalienthumanrightsrisksforAmazon.Thesaliencyassessmentwasakeymilestoneinthedevelopmentofourhumanrightsduediligencestrategy.Buildingonthiswork,in2021,wemadeprogressonoursalienthumanrightsrisksandfurtheredoureffortstoimplementhumanrightsduediligencemechanisms.Whatfollowsaresomeexamplesofhowweassessedandaddressedoursalientrisks,prioritizingourthreefoundationalcommitments.Learnmoreaboutourworktosourceproductsresponsibly.Learnmoreaboutourapproachtoemployeeengagement;oureffortsondiversity,equity,andinclusion;andourinvestmentsinworkplacesafety.Withinourownoperations,ourcentralteamfocusesonhumanrightsduediligenceandcollaborateswithteamsdedicatedtoassessing,prioritizing,andaddressinghumanrightsriskstoouremployees.TheseteamsfocusonestablishingopencommunicationwithAmazonemployees,providingthemwithmeaningfulgrievancemechanisms,buildingadiverseandinclusiveworkplace,andkeepingouremployeessafe.Weknowwehavemoretodo,andwearecommittedtowideningourlenstobetterunderstandthepotentialhumanrightsimpactsofourbusiness.MeaningfulConsultationwithStakeholdersOpportunityforConcernstobeHeardandIssuesResolvedFocusonVulnerableGroupsDiversity,Equity,andInclusionSafeandHealthyWorkingConditionsModernSlaveryandForcedLaborFairWagesandHoursFreedomofAssociationFutureofWorkRighttoPrivacyProductSafetyandSecuritySocial,Economic,andEnvironmentalJusticeHumanRightsValuesSalientRisksThreeFoundationalCommitmentsAmazon’sEnterprisewideSalientHumanRightsRisksRespectHumanRightsinOurSupplyChainEmpowerEmployeesandContractorsEarnandKeeptheTrustofOurCustomersStrengthentheCommunitiesWeServe2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix42MeaningfulConsultationWithStakeholdersWeworkedwithhumanrightsexpertorganizationstoadvanceourhumanrightsduediligence,includingArticleOneAdvisors,BSR,ImpacttLimited,andTheCentreforChildRightsandBusiness.SomeoftheoutcomesfromAmazon’spartnershipsandcollaborationsthatwereaccomplishedin2021include:•Wecreateda$150millionBlackBusinessAcceleratorprograminpartnershipwithourBlackEmployeeNetworkaffinitygroupandstrategicpartnerswithexperiencesupportingBlackbusinesses,includingtheMinorityBusinessDevelopmentAgencyandtheU.S.BlackChambers,Inc.Learnmoreonpage54.•WeengagedthePolicingProjectatNewYorkUniversitySchoolofLawtoaudittheNeighborsapplicationandNeighborsPublicSafetyService—whichprovideuserswithreal-timecrimeandsafetyalerts—tohelpimproveourRingproductsandservicesfromacivillibertiesandpolicingethicsperspective.ReadourreportontheRingblog.•WesignedandadoptedtheUNWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciples(WEPs)aspartofourlong-standingcommitmenttogenderequality.TheWEPswereestablishedbytheUNGlobalCompactandUNWomentoofferbusinessesguidanceonwaystopromotegenderequalityandwomen’sempowermentintheworkplace,marketplace,andcommunity.•WealsosignedtheTrustedCloudPrinciples,includingprinciplesrecognizingthat“internationalhumanrightslawenshrinesarighttoprivacy,”andcommittedtothePartnershiponAI,workingwithpartnerstohelpdriveresponsibleartificialintelligencesolutionsforpeopleandsociety.•Welauncheda$12million,five-yearpartnershipwiththeU.S.NationalSafetyCounciltouncovernewwaystopreventandaddressmusculoskeletaldisorders.OpportunityforConcernstobeHeardandIssuesResolvedWedevelopedasetofWorkerVoiceCriteria,outliningkeyexpectationsforworkervoicemechanismsinoursupplychain.Thisispartofoureffortstobuildourcapacitytoprovidesuppliersandserviceproviderswithavarietyoftrustedtools,products,andsystemsinordertoheardirectlyfromworkersabouttheirexperiencesandtosupporttheresolutionofissuesfromworkers’perspectives.FocusonVulnerableGroupsWesignedthememorandumon“StandingupforChildren’sRightsintheDigitalEnvironment”atthe2021ParisPeaceForum.Additionally,weexpandedpartnershipswithRBAandtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationtohelpstrengthensuppliers’practicesaroundresponsiblerecruitmentofforeignmigrantworkers.Learnmoreaboutourengagementwithstakeholdersonourwebsite.LearnmoreaboutourEthicsLine.LearnmoreaboutourhelpemailforinquiriesorcomplaintsaboutourhandlingofAmazoncustomers’personalinformationoraboutourprivacypracticesgenerallyonAmazon.com.Learnmoreinour2021ModernSlaveryStatement.HumanRightsImpactAssessmentsOurteamsuseHRIAsasaduediligencetooltoidentifyandaddressadverseimpactsbusinessactivitiesmighthaveonindividualssuchasworkers,localcommunitymembers,orconsumers.HRIAssurfacedetailedinformationaboutourhumanrightsrisksandrootcauses,aswellasstakeholderperspectives,sothatwecanaddressthoseriskswithtargetedaction.ForeachHRIA,wepartnerwithanindependenthumanrightsconsultingfirmtoconducttheassessment,facilitatestakeholderengagement,anddeliverrecommendationsforimprovedbusinesspracticestoaddresstherelevanthumanrightsrisks.BelowweprovideanupdateonourfirstHRIA,summarizedinour2020SustainabilityReport.UpdateonOurDevicesSupplyChainHRIAIn2020,weconductedAmazon’sfirstHRIAontherawandrecoveredmaterialssupplychainforAmazon-brandeddigitaldevices.UsingtheUNGPsasaframeworktoguidetheassessment,theHRIAresultsindicatedwearedirectlylinkedtopotentialrisksforTier1–2manufacturingandreverselogisticssuppliers.Forminerals,metals,plastics,andsyntheticssuppliers,resultsindicatedweareindirectlylinkedtopotentialrisks.Wehavepoliciesandmechanismsinplacetohelpaddressthesepotentialrisks,includingourSupplyChainStandards,regularsupplierassessments,andgrievancemechanisms.In2021,webeganimplementingrecommendationsfromtheHRIA,suchasincreasingoursupportforindustrycollaborationonresponsiblemineralsourcing,andbuildingthecapacityofoursupplychainpartnerstoeffectivelymanagehumanrightsrisks.Wealsobegandevelopingamultiyear,Amazon-brandeddigitaldevicesstrategytoaddressrisks,seekingperspectivesfromorganizationswithexpertiseinhumanrights,inclusiveeconomy,circularity,andresponsibleinnovationtomeettheexpectationsofourcustomersandimpactedcommunities.In2021,severalfinalassemblyandmanufacturingsuppliersofAmazon-brandeddigitaldevicesparticipatedintheRBAFactoryLeadCertificationProgram.Theprogramtrainsfactorymanagementoneffectiveworkercommunicationandmaintainingsafeworkingconditions,allowingsupplierstoproactivelypreventormitigatepotentialissuesbeforetheyarise.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix43TransparencyandStakeholderEngagementWearecommittedtodrivingbestpracticesinhumanrightsduediligencethroughincreaseddisclosuresaboutourapproachandbyexpandingourstakeholderengagement.Eachyear,wetrackprogressonourhumanrightscommitmentsandpubliclyshareup-to-dateinformationaboutourprograms,includingexternalpartnershipswithorganizationsthatshareourcorehumanrightsvalues.TransparencyTransparencyisanimportanttooltohelpusunderstandandaddressrisksinourvaluechainandidentifyopportunitiesforcollaborationonsystemicissues.WepublishaninteractivesupplychainmapthatprovidesdetailsonsuppliersofAmazon-brandedapparel,consumerelectronics,foodandbeverage,andhomegoodsproducts.Weprovidedatafromsupplierassessmentsannually,includingyear-over-yeardataonhigh-andmedium-levelissuesinoursupplychain.Wereportonactionstoprioritizethethreefoundationalcommitmentsidentifiedinourenterprisewidesaliencyassessment.WealsocontributelistsofourapparelsupplierstotheOpenApparelRegistrytofosterbrandcollaborationandactionintheapparelindustry.WereportannuallyinlinewiththeUNGPReportingFrameworkandpublishanannualModernSlaveryStatement.StakeholderEngagementEngagementwithexternalstakeholdersiskeytoourhumanrightsduediligenceapproach.ThiscollaborationisessentialtoidentifyingpositiveoutcomesforpeopleconnectedtoourbusinessandispartofourresponsibilitytorespecthumanrightsinlinewiththeUNGPs.Werelyonexpertsandaffectedrights-holderstoinformourapproachandvalidatethatoureffortshavetheintendedimpact.Throughregularstakeholderengagementandstrategicpartnerships,weincorporateinvaluableexpertinputintoourwork,helpingusachievegreaterimpactonpeopleconnectedtoourbusinessaroundtheworld.GenderEquityIn2021,wesignedandadoptedtheUNWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciples(WEPs).Supportedbymorethan6,000corporatesignatories,theWEPswereestablishedbytheUNGlobalCompactandUNWomentoofferbusinessesguidanceonwaystopromotegenderequalityandwomen’sempowermentintheworkplace,marketplace,andcommunity.“OursupportoftheWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciplesunderscoresourlong-standingworktopromotegenderequalityandempowermentintheworkplace,marketplace,andcommunities,andweareencouragedtoseeotherlike-mindedbusinessescomingtogethertodrivepositivechange.”AndyJassyPresidentandCEO,AmazonWealsomadea$1millioncontributiontotheResilienceFundforWomeninGlobalValueChains.TheResilienceFundpoolscorporateinvestmentstodrivelocal,women-ledsolutionstosomeofthetoughestproblemsfacingwomeninglobalvaluechains.EstablishedbyBSR,theUNFoundation,andWomenWin,theResilienceFundaimstoraiseatleast$10milliontomakestrategic,long-terminvestmentsinwomen’seconomicresilience,health,andwell-being.Amazon’sdonationwillbeinvestedinlocalorganizationsglobally,servingwomeninmanufacturing,apparel,andagriculturalsupplychaincommunities.Learnmoreaboutourpartnershipsonourwebsite,orseealistofourpartners.LearnmoreonAboutAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix44GrievanceMechanismsandEffectiveAccesstoRemedyAspartofourfirstenterprisewidehumanrightssaliencyassessment,wemadeafoundationalcommitmentthatthoseinourvaluechainhavetheopportunityforconcernstobeheardandissuesresolved.FocusingonlisteningtothepeopleconnectedtoourbusinessandunderstandingtheirexperiencestoaddressrisksandremedyissuesisacriticalelementofourhumanrightsapproachandacoreobligationundertheUNGPs.Inouroperations,consistent,honest,andopencommunicationwithouremployeesallowsustocontinuallyimproveourworkplaceexperience,empoweringindividualstovoiceconcernsandhavethemdirectlyaddressedbyleadership.Ourgoalistohearfromandlistentoeveryone.Dedicatedteamsacrossthecompanyfocusonestablishingopencommunicationwithouremployees,providingthemwithmeaningfulgrievancemechanismsandavenuesfordialoguewithleadership.AligningwiththeUNGPframework,Amazon’spoliciesandpracticesaredesignedtopromoterespectfortherightsoffreedomofassociationandcollectivebargainingandtocomplywiththelegalrequirementsofthecountrieswhereweoperate.AsstatedinourLeadershipPrinciples,weStrivetobeEarth’sBestEmployer,offeringasafer,moreproductive,higherperforming,morediverse,andmorejustworkenvironment.Wehavemanypolicies,practices,andmechanismsinplacetoprovideopenlinesofcommunicationbetweenleadershipandemployeesandactregularlytoaddressemployeeconcernsandmakeimprovements.WerecognizethatSuccessandScaleBringBroadResponsibility.Wemustbegineachdaywithadeterminationtomakebetter,dobetter,andbebetterforourcustomers,ouremployees,ourpartners,andtheworldatlarge.WorkerVoiceMechanismCriteriaWedevelopedasetofWorkerVoiceCriteriatooutlinekeyexpectationsanddrivebestpracticesforoursuppliersandserviceprovidersthatareimplementingandmaintainingworkervoicemechanisms.ThesecriteriadrawfromtheUNGPsandtheWorkerEngagementSupportedbyTechnology(WEST)Principlestoalignthesemechanismswithinternationallyrecognizedhumanrights.WorkerInclusive:Workertrustisparamount;workersshouldhaveinputintothemechanisms’designandperformance,particularlyhowworkervoicemechanismswilladdressandresolveissues.PrivacyEnsured:Mechanismsmustnevercauseharmtoworkers;mechanismsmusthaveadequatesafeguardsinplace,providingworkerswithnoticeofhowdatawillbeprotected.EquitableandAccessible:Mechanismsshouldaccommodatediversityandensurethatworkershavereasonableaccesstotheinformation,advice,andexpertisenecessarytoengagewiththemechanism.Workerswhofaceparticularbarriersduetolanguage,literacy,ordisabilityshouldhaveadequateassistance.TransparentandPredictable:Mechanismsshouldprovideuserswithclearprocedurestosetexpectationsontimeframes,howoutcomeswillbemonitored,andhowstakeholderswillbeinformedaboutthemechanism’seffectiveness.SourceofContinuousLearning:Newmechanismsshouldbeadequatelyresourced,developedtocomplementexistingmechanisms,andusedtounderstandareasofriskandintegratefeedbackintothedesignandimplementationofprograms.In2021,weexpandedoureffortstohelpsuppliersbuildandemployworkervoicetoolsandimprovetheircapacitytorespondtoworkergrievancesinCambodia,China,India,Pakistan,Bangladesh,andVietnam.Ouraimisthateveryworkeracrossoursupplychainhasaccesstoaneffectivegrievancemechanism.Weworkwithsupplierstoincreasetheircapacitytodevelopthesemechanismsbycreatingchannelstoheardirectlyfromworkersabouttheirexperiencesandtosupporttheresolutionofissuesfromworkers’perspectives.Learnmoreaboutourapproachtoemployeeengagement.LearnmoreaboutourResponsibleSourcingProgram.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix45OurApproachAmazonstrivestobeagreatplacetowork,whetherouremployeesarebuildinglifelongcareerswithusordevelopingskillstohelpthemontheirprofessionaljourneys.Thisbeginswithofferingcompetitivestartingwagesinlocationsaroundtheworld,andcontinueswithbenefits,support,andopportunitiestohelpemployeesreachtheirfullpotential.GoingAboveandBeyondWithStartingWagesWe’reproudthatouraveragestartingwagehasincreasedto$18perhourintheU.S.IntheUK,Germany,andFrance,ourminimumstartingwagesare10GBP,12EUR,and10.88EUR,respectively.ProvidingaRangeofEmployeeBenefitsWebelievethatadiverse,passionateworkforceiskeytoasuccessfulbusiness.Amazonisbuildingastrongcultureandmakinginvestmentstoattractandretainthetalentedemployeesweneedtodayandinthefuture.TheRippleEffectSylvia’sCafé,aCaribbean-stylerestaurantrunbywife-and-husbandteamSylviaBurkeandFrançoisTheodore,islocatedneara2.4millionsquare-footAmazonfulfillmentcenterinOpa-locka,Florida.Throughoutthepandemic,thepresenceofAmazonemployeeslookingforgreatfoodmeantthatthedoorsofSylvia’sCafédidn’tshut.Thiswasthanks,inpart,toemployeeslikeNellyNelson,whosehigherwagemeansshecanmakebetterfoodchoices.“Insteadoffastfood,I’mabletoeatbetter,healthierfood,”shesaid.Therearesimilarstoriesacrossouroperationsnetwork,fromEastBrewCaféandBakerynearafulfillmentcenterinEastvale,California,toTheParlorSalonandSpainMurfreesboro,Tennessee.ThesearesmallexamplesofthebigimpactourwagesarehavingoncommunitiesacrosstheU.S.2021AwardsandRecognition#1LinkedIn’sMostDesiredPlacetoWorkintheU.S.#2Fortune’sTopCompaniesin2021#4ForbesWorld’sBestEmployersin2021#1AmbitionBoxBestPlacetoWorkinIndiaAmongstMegaCompanies2021TopEmployerInFrance,Italy,andSpain(TopEmployersInstitute)AmazonalsoreceivedseveralawardsfromComparably,acompanythatreviewsandcomparescompanyculturesandmarketcompensationtoshowcasethemostfairandaccuratedisplayofemployerbrands.Theseawardsincluded:•BestGlobalCulture•BestPlacetoWork(Seattle,Atlanta,LosAngeles,andAustin)•BestEngineeringTeam•BestOperationsTeam•BestProduct&DesignTeam•BestCompanyOutlookLearnmoreonAboutAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix46OurInclusiveBenefitsTakingcareofouremployees’healthandwellnessisapriority.Westrivetoofferbenefitsthatareinclusiveforouremployees,regardlessoftheirpersonalcircumstances.Weofferhealthcarebenefitstoallregular,full-timeAmazonemployeesintheU.S.,includingmedical,prescriptiondrug,dental,andvisioncoverage.Inregionswithfeweroptionsforconvenientaccesstohigh-qualityandaffordableprimaryandmentalhealthcare,welaunchedNeighborhoodHealthCenterstosupportouremployeesandtheirfamilies,with17locationsacrosstheU.S.asoftheendof2021.Wealsodevelopedahealthcarebenefitssystemthat,wherepossible,providesgendertransitionbenefits,includinggenderaffirmation.Wemaintaininternalresourcestohelpmanagersandteammemberssupportemployeeswhoaretransitioning.HealthcareUpto20weeksofpaidleaveforbirthingparentsanduptosixweeksofpaidleaveforparentswhodonotgivebirthExpandedreimbursementoftravelcoststocovertreatmentfornon-life-threateningmedicalissueswhentravelisrequired,includingelectiveabortionandinfertilityAccesstoRampBack,whichallowsparentstoworkareducedscheduleforuptoeightweeksafterthebirthoradoptionofachildAccesstoLeaveShare,whichallowsemployeestodonateuptosixweeksoftheirpaidparentaltimetotheirpartner,shouldtheirpartner’semployernotofferpaidparentalleaveAnat-a-glancelookatourinvestmentsinthehealth,family,andlifeofouremployeesintheU.S.Medical,prescriptiondrug,dental,andvisioncoverageOn-siteandNeighborhoodHealthCentersprovidingconvenientaccesstohigh-qualitycareGendertransitionbenefits,includinggenderaffirmationIn-networkhealthoptionsforvirtualcare,specialtycentersofexcellence,andhealthcaredecisionsupportMentalhealthsupport,withfreeconfidentialcounselingandwork-lifeservicesforemployees,theirfamilies,andmembersoftheirhouseholdsAdoptionreimbursementAccesstocomprehensiveinfertilityresourcesandtreatmentcoverage2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix47AFamily-FriendlyEmployerWeknowthatthetimeemployeesspendatworkisjustonepartofwhatmakesthemwhotheyare,andthatbalancebetweenworkandhomeisessentialfortheirwell-being.Weprioritizebenefitsthatsupportemployees’familiesofallkinds.IntheU.S.,foreligiblefull-timeandreduced-timeemployees,Amazonoffersupto20weeksofpaidleaveforbirthingparentsanduptosixweeksfornon-birthparentsorparentswhoadopt.Wealsoofferadoptionreimbursementandaccesstocomprehensiveinfertilityresourcesandtreatmentcoverage.Inaddition,ourLeaveShareprogramallowsU.S.employeestodonateuptosixweeksoftheirpaidparentalleavetotheirpartnershouldtheirpartner’semployernotofferpaidparentalleave.OurRampBackprogramallowsparentstoworkareducedscheduleforuptoeightweeksafterthebirthoradoptionofachild.Mentalhealthresourcesareavailable24/7toallemployees,theirfamilies,andanyoneintheirhouseholdthroughAmazon’semployeeassistanceprogram(EAP),whichalsooffersvirtualtreatmentoptions.ThisincludesfreeaccesstoanewmentalhealthbenefitlaunchedintheU.S.in2021,calledResourcesforLiving.Thisserviceprovidesastreamlinedplaceforpersonalized,convenient,andconfidentialmentalhealthanddailylifesupport.ForemployeesoutsideoftheU.S.,weoffer24/7,on-demandsupportformentalhealthandwork-lifeconcerns,alongwithimmediateconsultationandsupportafteracriticalincidentortraumaticevent.TheseservicesareavailablethroughourglobalEAPpartners,includingWorkplaceOptions.Wealsobelieveinprovidingsupportforchildandadolescentmentalhealth,includingclinicalguidanceforparentsofchildrenwhohaveneurodevelopmentaldisorders,suchasautismspectrumdisorders,oranytypeofbehavioral,social,learning,oremotionalchallenge.AmazonprovidesemployeesintheU.S.freeaccesstoexpertconsultantsandeducationalmaterialsforparentstohelpchildrenbuildtheskillsneededtoreachtheirfullpotential.In2022,weareexpandingourprogramsgloballytoreachmoreemployees,providemorementalhealthsupportforchildrenandteens,andofferinnovativesolutionstomeettheneedsofneurodiversefamilies.Thiswillincludeaccesstotherapistsandcoaches,on-demandresources,andintegrationwithotherbenefitssuchastheEAP.Wecontinuetoevolveourbenefitsprogramstosupporttheneedsofourdiverseworkforce.Forexample,intheU.S.,AmazonoffersFamilyFlexbenefitstohelpbringmorewomenandparentsbacktotheworkforce.TheseincludeAnytimeShift,whichallowsemployeeswhochoosetheserolestocreatetheirownworkschedule.Therearecurrentlyover23,000openrolesthatqualifyforAnytimeShift,andmorethan100,000employeeshavetakenadvantageofthisoption.InclusiveBenefitsforAllThebenefitsofferedbyAmazoncanbetrulylife-changing.TakeLuv-Luv,aformerhairdresserwhochosetoworkatanAmazonfulfillmentcenterbecauseofthequalityofhealthbenefitsofferedfromthefirstdayonthejob.CruciallyforLuv-Luv,thisincludesequalhealthcoveragefortransgenderindividuals,withoutexclusionformedicallynecessarycare.SincestartingattheAmazonfulfillmentcenterinShakopee,Minnesota,nearlyfouryearsago,Luv-Luv’shealthbenefitshavecoveredfoursurgeries.“BeforeAmazon,Iwaspre-optransgender,andsincethen,I’vefullytransitioned,”shesaid.“Amazonpaidforallthat.”Thoughtheinsurancebenefitwashermainreasonforjoiningthecompany,thepayatAmazonhelpedLuv-Luvandhertwopetsaffordacomfortablelifestyle.Inadditiontofindingahealthyenvironmentandworksheloves,Luv-Luv’sroleatAmazonofferedanotherimportantbenefit:inclusion,onherterms.“AmazonhasallowedmetoliveacomfortablelifethatI’vealwaysdreamedof,”shesaid.“IliveonmyowntermsandI’mnotdependentonanyoneelse.It’sbeenaphenomenaljourneyforme.”LearnmoreaboutoursupportforLGBTQ+employees.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix48SubsidizingTuitionFeesThroughCareerChoiceFormanypeopleaspiringtogrowprofessionally,educationmaybethefirststeppingstone—andyet,itcanbechallengingtofindtheflexibilityorresourcestodosowhileworking.ThankstoAmazonCareerChoice,ourpre-paidtuitionprogram,thousandsofhourlyemployeesin14countriesareearningcertificatesanddegrees.Asofearly2022,coursesavailablethroughCareerChoiceincludethosethatemployeescantaketopursueanassociatedegreeorbachelor’sdegreeinfieldsrangingfrominformationtechnologytocomputerscience,andfromhealthcaretotransportation.Inaddition,ourCareerChoiceprogramalsosupportsemployeespursuinghighschoolcompletion,GeneralEducationDiplomas(GEDs),andEnglishasaSecondLanguage(ESL)proficiencycertifications.U.S.hourlyemployeeswhohavebeenemployedatAmazonfor90daysareeligibletoparticipateinCareerChoice.Tomaketrainingevenmoreaccessibleandreducetheneedtocommutetoclasses,we’vebuiltmorethan140on-siteclassrooms,enablingemployeestotakecollegeandtechnicalclassesinsideourfulfillmentcenters.50K+EmployeeshaveparticipatedinCareerChoice140+On-siteclassroomsglobally“Thereareveryfewcompaniesouttherethatarewillingtoinvestinnewpeopleinthismanner…Thisprogramopensthedoorforpeopletogetpaidtolearnandfigureoutiftheyenjoyafield.Andiftheydoreallywell,they’llhaveajob.”MelfiPerezAmazonTechnicalApprenticeshipEmpoweringEmployeesThroughTrainingandEducationWebelieveallemployeesshouldhavetheopportunitytolearnnewskills,grow,andbuildtheircareersastheydeveloptheirprofessionaljourneys.SomeemployeesfocusonskillsthatbenefittheirworkatAmazonandsomefocusonskillsthatbenefittheirlong-termcareeraspirations.LearnmoreabouttherangeofprogramsweofferinourUpskilling2025Report.$1.2BAmazoninvestmenttoupskill300,000ofourownemployeesby2025aspartofourUpskilling2025pledgeHelpingOurEmployeesLevelUpWewanteveryAmazonemployeetopursuetheirpassionsandgoals.Upskillingprogramshelpemployeesgainin-demandskillsetsandpropelthemintonewcareers.ThroughUpskilling2025,Amazoniscreatingpathwaystocareersinfieldsthatwillcontinuegrowingintheyearstocome.Throughthiscommitment,weofferdifferentskillstrainingandeducationprograms,includingapprenticeshipprogramstohelpparticipantstakethefirststepsintheircareers.In2021,weaddedthreenewprogramstoourportfolio,foratotalofninecompany-fundedtrainingoptions.Morethan70,000employeeshaveparticipatedinoneoftheseprogramssincewelaunchedourUpskilling2025pledgein2019.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix49TakingaNewPath—FromAmazontoMedicineThereisarisingdemandforhealthworkers,offeringanewopportunityformorepeople,likeErnestoRegis.ErnestowasworkinginafulfillmentcenterinFloridawhenhissupervisorintroducedhimtoAmazonCareerChoice.Shortlyaftercompletingamedicalassistant’scoursethroughCareerChoice,Ernestowasofferedajobasamedicalassistant.Today,Ernestoiscontinuinghisjourneyinthehealthcarefield.“Iamnowworkingasaphlebotomistandmedicalassistant.ButIamnotdoneyet,”hesaid.“I’veenrolledinnursingandI’mtakingclassestobecomearegisterednurse.Amazonsupportedandfinancedabetterfutureforme.Eventhoughthatfuturedidn’tincludethem.”ErnestoRegisMedicalAssistantandformerAmazonfulfillmentcenteremployee2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix50FosteringDiversity,Equity,andInclusionAmazon’sabilitytoinnovateonbehalfofourcustomersreliesontheperspectivesandknowledgeofpeoplefromallbackgrounds.Wethinkbigger,bolder,andbetterwhenwehavediverseperspectivesacrossourteamsandwearecommittedtoputtingdiversity,equity,andinclusion(DEI)atthefrontandcenterofeverythingwedo.OurApproachWerespectandvaluepeopleofallidentitiesandbackgrounds,includinggender,genderidentity,race,ethnicity,religion,sexualorientation,militarystatus,disability,andmore.Wetakeanintersectionalapproachtothepolicies,programs,andstrategieswecreateforouremployees,sellingpartners,suppliers,andcustomerstobuildrepresentationandinclusionintoourbusiness.“WhenIthinkaboutAmazonandthepotentialforimpact,I’menergizedbythepossibilities.Thisworkwillrequireustoengageallcommunities,thinkglobally,andcultivateaworkplacethatnotonlyisdiversebutalsoinspiresadeepsenseofbelongingforeveryoneofouremployees.Ifwegetthisright,togetherwecancreateagreatersenseofinclusion,notonlywithinAmazon,butforAmazoncustomersaroundtheworld.”CandiCastleberryVicePresidentofGlobalDEI,AmazonATeamPoweringChangeSettinggoals,regularlyreviewingprogress,andstrongmanagementarevitaltodrivinglastingactionandimprovingrepresentationandinclusionthroughoutourbusiness.In2021,wewelcomedanewVicePresidentofGlobalDEI,bringingin-depthexpertiseandexperience.CandiCastleberryandherteamareleadingtherefinementofAmazon’sglobalDEIstrategyandcompanywidegoals.OurDEIChampionsOurworkisguidedbyhundredsofglobaldedicatedDEIprofessionalswhoworkcloselywithbusinessleaderstohelpAmazonmaintainadiverseandhigh-performingworkenvironment.OurapproachtoembeddingDEIacrossourorganizationalsoextendstohowwesupportoursellingpartnersandlaunchproductsandservicestotheworld.AccessibilityAcrossAmazonWhenwethinkinclusivelyanddesignwithdifferentneedsinmind,technologycanempowereveryoneandsupportpeoplewithdisabilitiesinnewways.Wearecontinuallyenhancingourdevicesandserviceswithnewaccessibilityfeatures,whetherintegratingBrailleintoourFiretabletorimprovingAlexatosupportourcustomerswithdisabilities.Alexaaccessibilityfeaturesrangefromadaptivelisteningtoon-screencaptioningandmore.Forexample,welaunchedtheAWSImpactAccelerator,a$30millioncommitmenttoprovidingBlack,Latinx,women,andLGBTQ+foundersofstartupswithequitableaccesstotraining,mentorship,tools,andresources.Startupswillreceiveanunrestricted$125,000cashgrantandupto$100,000inAWSActivatecredits,aswellasguidancefromAWStechnologyexperts,investors,andpartners.ScalingOurWorkThroughStrategicExternalPartnershipsWebelievewecanachievemorebycollaboratingwithleadingorganizationsthataremakingadifferenceinhistoricallyunderrepresentedcommunities.AmazonpartnerswithnonprofitslikeManagementLeadershipforTomorrow,whichworkstostrengthentherecruitmentandretentionofBlack,Latinx,andNativeAmericantalent.Inaddition,ouraffinitygroupsareinstrumentalinbuildingandnurturingexternalrelationshipsasbrandambassadors.LearnmoreonAboutAmazon.$30MCommitmentthroughtheAWSImpactAccelerator100K+Employeesparticipatedinaffinitygroupsin2021$150MCommitmentthroughtheBlackBusinessAccelerator2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix51CreatinganInclusiveCultureAtAmazon,inclusionmeansbeingvalued,trusted,connected,andinformedsothatwecandeliverthebestresultsforourcustomers.Webelievethatbuildingasenseofbelonging,value,andopportunityisintegraltopeoplethrivingintheirlivesandatwork—andtowhatwecanachieveasacompany.Amazon’scultureofinclusionisreinforcedbyourLeadershipPrinciples,whichremindteammemberstoseekdiverseperspectives,learnandbecurious,andleadwithempathy.OneofournewestLeadershipPrinciples—StrivetobeEarth’sBestEmployer—specificallycallsonleaderstoworkeverydaytocreateasafer,moreproductive,higherperforming,morediverse,andmorejustworkenvironment.OurInclusionGoalsIn2021,wesetenterprisewidegoalstorapidlyscaleamoreinclusivecultureforemployeesacrossAmazon.SpotlightingOur2021InclusionGoals•Ensurethat100%ofemployeestakecompanywiderequiredinclusiontraining.•Buildscalablemechanismsthataddressnewinstancesofnoninclusivetermsinourcodeanddocumentrepositoriesordevelopmenttools.•BuildascalablemechanisminConnections—ourreal-timeemployeelisteningtool—toinspectinclusionsentimentbydemographicforallemployees.•Retainemployeesatstatisticallysimilarratesacrossalldemographics.Amazon’sAffinityGroupsOuraffinitygroupsareAmazoncommunitieswhereemployeescanshareexperiencesandideastopassionatelyandpositivelyimpactthecompany.OurdedicatedDEIteamsconsultwithaffinitygroupleaderstoimproveourinclusioneffortsinternallyandexternally,andeachaffinitygrouphasanexecutivesponsorwhosupportsthemwithengagementefforts.Collectively,morethan100,000Amazonemployeesparticipatedinouraffinitygroupsin2021.ASelectionofAffinityGroups•AmazonPeoplewithDisabilities•Asians@Amazon•BlackEmployeeNetwork•Glamazon•Indigenous@Amazon•Latinos@Amazon•Warriors@Amazon•Women@AmazonMentoringfortheMilitaryCommunityAmazonrecruitsexperiencedmilitaryleadersfromallbranchesandallbackgrounds.Together,theseleadersformimportantpipelinesoftalent.WeofferveteranstheMilitaryMentoringProgram(MMP),acareer-developmentresourcethatconnectsnewemployeeswithexperiencedemployeeswhohelpthemtranslateandapplytheirknowledgetoAmazon.NewveteranhireswhojointheMMPcompleteabriefprofilebeforebeingmatchedwithamentor,whothencollaborateswiththemthroughouttheirfirstyearatAmazon.MentorsalsoassistmenteeswithprogressingintheMilitaryAmbassadorProgram,a12-monthdevelopmentprogramfocusedonsharingresourcessuchaswritingexercises,videos,andvirtualhuddles.LGBTQ+EqualityAmazonandouremployeesstandtogetherwiththeLGBTQ+community.Asof2021,thereweremorethan100globalchaptersofGlamazon,ourLGBTQ+affinitygroup.WearecommittedtoadvancingequalrightsandhavealongtrackrecordofadvocatingforprotectionsfortheLGBTQ+community.IntheU.S.andIndia,Amazonprovidestransgender-inclusivehealthbenefitsandgendertransitionbenefitsbasedontheStandardsofCarepublishedbytheWorldProfessionalAssociationforTransgenderHealth.Amazonalsoholdsagenderidentityconferencetobuildcommunity,educatethoseoutsideoftheLGBTQ+community,andprovideprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiesforthoseatAmazonwhoaretransitioningopenlyintheworkplace.Learnmoreaboutourinclusivebenefitsforemployees.“Diversityexistswhenyougoaboveandbeyondbeingawareofdifferencesoracceptingdifferences,toactivelyincludingpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyouandinvitingthemtoinfluence.”RenitaClarkeAreaManager,GlobalSpecialtyFacilities,Amazon2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix52RepresentationinOurWorkforceWearecommittedtoincreasingrepresentationofemployeesfromhistoricallyunderrepresentedbackgroundsateverylevelofourorganization.Todoso,wefocusonhiring,retention,growth,development,andpromotion.Tofindthebesttalentandsupportoursearchfordiversetalent,wepartnerwithorganizationsandacademicinstitutionslinkedtounderrepresentedcommunities.IntheU.S.,theseorganizationsincludehistoricallyBlackcollegesanduniversities(HBCUs),Hispanic-servinginstitutions,women’scolleges,andtribalcolleges.StudentsvisitAmazon’scampusforarangeofprogramsandcareerenrichmentexperiences,suchasourRepresenttheFutureSummit.WealsopartnerwithorganizationslikeGraceHopperCelebration,GlobalEntrepreneurshipMonitorConsortiumFellows,AfroTech,AnitaB.org,LesbiansWhoTech,GirlsinTech,AmericanIndianScienceandEngineeringSociety,andothers.AmazondevelopedanonlinecertificationprogramwithCityUniversityofSeattletooffertrainingtomilitaryemployeesandtheirfamiliesforhigher-payingjobs.WealsoworkwithCityUniversityonitsApprentiprogram,whichtrainsnewcomerstothetechindustryandplacestheminpaidapprenticeshipsatcompanieslikeAmazon.2xDoublethenumberofU.S.BlackemployeesinLevel8(Director)andLevel10(VicePresident)positionsyearoveryearfrom2020numbers.30%IncreasethenumberofwomenatLevel8andLevel10positionsintechandsciencerolesby30%yearoveryear.RetainEmployeesRetainemployeesatstatisticallysimilarratesacrossalldemographics.30%IncreasehiringofU.S.BlackemployeesinLevel4throughLevel7positionsbyatleast30%yearoveryearfrom2020hiring.40%IncreasethenumberofU.S.Blacksoftwaredevelopmentengineerinternsbyatleast40%.1.6MReach1.6millionunderrepresentedstudentsgloballythroughAmazonFutureEngineerwithreal-world-inspiredvirtualandhands-oncomputerscienceprojectlearning.100K+Hiremorethan100,000U.S.veteransandmilitaryspousesby2024,buildingonourcommitmenttomilitaryfamiliesafterexceedingour2016WhiteHousepledgetohire25,000veteransandmilitaryspousesbyMay2021.AmazonStudios’InclusionPlaybookTheworkofDEIrequireseveryonetodisruptbiasesthatbuildbarriersandcreateinequities.Thisincludesrepresentationintheworkplace,aswellasinthemediaweconsumedaily.Theworkisnoteasy,butwearecommittedtoachievingreal,lastingchange.WorkingcloselywiththeUniversityofSouthernCalifornia’sAnnenbergInclusionInitiative,theInternationalDocumentaryAssociation,andGamechangerFilms,wecreatedtheInclusionPlaybooktohelppeoplerecognizebiasesthatoccuracrossthelifecycleofaseriesormovie—fromproductiontolaunch.ThePlaybookexploresthisissuefurtherbyallowingpeopletounderstandhowtheycanmeettheAmazonStudiosInclusionPolicy.Bythinkingaboutastory,casting,crewingup,andhowtotrackandreportinclusionsuccesses,thePlaybookisspecificallydesignedtoadvancethevisibilityandresponsibledepictionsofunderrepresentedcommunities.Weviewthisasanevolvingdocumentthatwillbeupdatedovertime,offeringamuch-neededtooltoguidedecision-makingincreativehiringpractices.“ThisInclusionPlaybookaddsimportant,additionaldepthandguidanceforourinternalteamsandexternalpartnerstoensurewecontinuetoadvanceoursharedmissionofamplifyingthebestcreativesandcontentaroundtheworld.”LatashaGillespieExecutiveHead,DEI,AmazonStudiosOurGoalsforIncreasingRepresentationIn2021,wesetanumberofgoalstoguideoureffortsandprogressforimprovedrepresentation:2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix53LivingOurPrinciplesAmazonprioritizesequalpay.Whenweevaluate2021compensation,includingbasecompensation,cashbonuses,andstock,ourreporteddatademonstratesthatwomengloballyandintheU.S.earned99.8centsand99.9cents,respectively,foreverydollarthatmenearnedperformingthesamejobs.RacialandethnicminoritiesintheU.S.earned99.2centsforeverydollarthatwhiteemployeesearnedperformingthesamejobs.In2021,wefurtherstrengthenedourlong-standingcommitmenttogenderequalitybysigningtheUNWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciples(WEPs).TheWEPswereestablishedbytheUNGlobalCompactandUNWomentoofferbusinessesguidanceonwaystopromotegenderequalityandwomen’sempowermentintheworkplace,marketplace,andcommunity.AdvancingSocialandRacialJusticeWearecommittedtousingourscaletoamplifyhistoricallyunderrepresentedvoicesandempowerdiversecommunities.Oneofthewayswearedoingthisisbybridgingthetechnologyandsciencedivideforunderrepresentedgroupsthroughscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)educationprogramsandvariouslearningevents.ThisincludesAmazonFutureEngineer,ournewAdvancedPlacementComputerScienceprogrammingcurriculumfocusedonequityandlaunchedwithCode.org.WealsopartnerwithGirlsinTechthroughAWSAcademy,whereweworkcloselywithminority-servinginstitutions(MSIs)andcommunitycollegestoprovideafree,ready-to-teachcloudcomputingcurriculum.In2021,wealsoannounced21undergraduateandgraduaterecipientsfromHBCUsandMSIsforourSupplyChainOptimizationTechnologiesorganization’sfellowship.ThroughAWSeducationprograms,weannouncedacollaborativeeffortwithHowardUniversitytoequipstudentswithcompetitivetechnicalskills,provideeducatorswithprofessionaldevelopmentopportunities,anddriveentrepreneurshipattheuniversity.We’vealsolaunchedstatewidetrainingandeducationinitiatives,whicharetypicallyanchoredbycommunitycolleges.CollaborationwithcommunitycollegeshelpsAWSreachdiversepopulationsofminority,underrepresented,andveteranpopulations,aswellasurbanandruralcommunities.In2021,wealsoannouncedthe$10millionAWSArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearningScholarship,designedtoprepareunderrepresentedandunderservedstudentsgloballyforcareersinmachinelearning.IntroducingAmazon’sBlackBusinessAcceleratorIn2021,welaunchedtheBlackBusinessAccelerator(BBA)totargetbarrierstoaccessandadvancement,todriveeconomicequityforBlackentrepreneurs,andtoplayapartinincreasingthenumberofBlackbusinessownersinourindustry.Throughour$150millioncommitment,weareprovidingaccesstocapital,businessguidance,growth,andmarketingsupportforcurrentandaspiringBlacksmallbusinessownerssellinginAmazon’sstoretogrowtheirbusinesses.WeareproudtohavecreatedthisinitiativewithourBlackEmployeeNetworkaffinitygroupandstrategicpartners,includingtheMinorityBusinessDevelopmentAgencyandtheU.S.BlackChambers,Inc.,whichhavedeepexperienceinsupportingBlackbusinesses.AspartoftheAccelerator,wealsointroduceda12-monthmentorshipandnetworkingbenefitcalledBBAConnecttoprovideongoingsupportforentrepreneurs.“TheopportunitytoconnectwithpeopleinsideAmazontocontinuetohelpusmatureourcapabilitiesissupervalidatingbutalsoextremelyrewarding.WithAmazon’ssupport,theskyreallyfeelslikeit’sthelimit.”PernellCezarBLK&BoldLearnmoreaboutourinvestmentsineducationtoeliminatetheSTEMgap.Learnmoreaboutourpartnershipsandinvestmentstopromotegenderempowermentintheworkplaceandcommunity.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix54“OurworkattheAsianAmericanWriters’Workshopcentersthesafeguardingandcultivationofourcommunity’simaginations,andweareincrediblygratefultotheAmazonLiteraryPartnershipfortheircontinuedsupportthatmakesthiscriticallynecessaryworkpossible.”JafreenUddinExecutiveDirector,AsianAmericanWriters’WorkshopSupportingInclusivityinOurCommunitiesWearecommittedtopromotingpeopleinourcommunitieswhocomefromhistoricallyunderrepresentedcommunities.Forexample,atWholeFoodsMarket,ourInclusiveProductStrategyexpandsourexistingpartnershipswithbrandsthatareownedandoperatedbywomen,membersoftheLGBTQ+community,andpeopleofcolor.Aspartofthisstrategy,wespotlightonesupplierpermonthacrossinternalcommunicationschannels.Selectsupplierspotlightsfrom2021include:•SheaRadiance,aBlack-andwomen-ownedbeautybrandwhosesheabutterissourceddirectlyfromwomen-runcooperativestocreateeconomicaccessthroughtrade.•UndefinedBeauty,aBlack-,women-,andLGBTQ+-ownedbusinessthatdeliversinnovativeandhigh-qualityproductsatanaccessiblepricepoint.•Pop&Bottle,awomen-operatedand-owned,plant-basedbottledcoffeebusinessfoundedbytwonewmotherswithaninterestinwellness.AnotherexampleisourcontinuedcommitmenttotheAmazonLiteraryPartnership(ALP)—agrantprogramfoundedin2009thatfundsorganizationschampioningdiverse,marginalized,andunderrepresentedauthorsandstorytellers.In2021,ALPawarded80grantstotalingmorethan$1milliontoorganizationsacrossthecountrythatsupportwritersandunderrepresentedvoices.$21MillionProgramforRealEstateDevelopersofColorAddressingthehousingcrisisstartswithremovingbarriers.In2021,weannouncedanacceleratorprogramtohelprealestatedevelopersofcolorkick-starttheirprojectsthroughtheAmazonHousingEquityFund.The$21million,two-year,part-timeprofessionaldevelopmentprogramaimstohelprealestatedevelopersofcolorprogressinanindustryknownforhighbarrierstoentry.Wepartneredwithlocalsocialimpactandeconomicjusticeorganizationstodevelopcurriculumsandnetworkingopportunitiesthatreflectthespecificissuesfacingtheircommunities.WealsopartnerwithEnterpriseCommunityLoanFund,Inc.toadministergrantsofupto$200,000toqualifiedrealestatedevelopersofcolor.ThesegrantsareopentoanyonewhoappliestotheAmazonHousingEquityFundandneedsassistancewiththecapacity-buildingandpre-developmentexpensesassociatedwiththepreservationandcreationofaffordablehousingwithinAmazon’sthreefocusregions.Learnmoreabouthowwesupportdiverseentrepreneurs,businessowners,andlocalproducers.LearnmoreonAboutAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix55GlobalInclusion:BytheNumbersRealprogressrequiresactionsthatcanbetracked.WemeasureandshareDEIdatatobetterunderstandwhereweareinourjourneyandwhereweneedtogo.SeetheAppendixforthefullsetofdiversityandinclusiondata,includingforFieldandCustomerSupport,CorporateEmployees,andSeniorLeaders.U.S.AmazonWorkforce(AllLevels)U.S.Race/EthnicityGlobalPeopleManagersU.S.U.S.Race/Ethnicity20192020202127.8%Women72.2%Men29.3%Women70.7%Men30.8%Women69.2%Men20192020202128.0%Women72.0%Men29.0%Women71.0%Men30.5%Women69.5%Men20192020202121.1%Asian58.9%White3.0%Multiracial0.6%NativeAmerican19.5%Asian10.6%Black56.4%White3.2%Multiracial0.7%NativeAmerican19.9%Asian12.0%Black53.1%White3.3%Multiracial8.1%Latinx9.5%Latinx10.9%Latinx8.3%Black0.7%NativeAmerican202120192020202142.7%Women57.3%Men44.6%Women55.4%Men44.8%Women55.2%Men20192020202145.4%Women54.6%Men46.9%Women53.1%Men47.0%Women53.0%Men20192020202118.6%Latinx15.4%Asian34.6%White26.4%Black3.6%Multiracial1.3%NativeAmerican22.8%Latinx13.6%Asian32.1%White26.5%Black3.6%Multiracial1.5%NativeAmerican23.6%Latinx13.2%Asian30.2%White28.2%Black3.3%Multiracial1.5%NativeAmerican20212021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix56EmployeeEngagement:ListeningtoOurPeopleWithmorethan1.6milliondirectemployeesworldwide,employeeengagementisfundamentaltooursuccess.Ourgoalistohearfromandlistentoallofouremployees.Wehaveavarietyofengagement,feedback,andremediationmechanismsthathelpuscontinuallyimproveourworkplaceexperience.Open-DoorPhilosophyWebelievecandidandconstructivecommunicationinanenvironmentofmutualrespectisessentialtoourcollectivesuccess.Ouropen-doorphilosophymeanswewelcomeandencourageanyemployeetodiscusssuggestions,concerns,orfeedbackwiththeirmanager,aHumanResourcesteammember,oranymemberofAmazon’sleadershipteam.FeedbackMechanismsWearecommittedtoprovidingouremployeeswithgrievancemechanismsandremedialaction,regardlessofcollectivebargainingpresence.Weworkhardtolistentoouremployees,makecontinualimprovements,andinvestheavilytooffercompetitivepayandbenefitsinasafeandinclusiveworkplace.VoiceoftheAssociateBoardsWeofferourteammemberstheopportunitytoexpressthemselvesopenly.Forourassociates,ourVoiceoftheAssociate(VOA)boardsandtheirdigitalcounterpart,MyVoice,areavailableatAmazonfacilitiesaroundtheglobe.Thesegiveemployeesaforumforexpressingtheirconcerns,offeringsuggestions,andaskingquestionsonadailybasis.Leadershipteamsreplydirectly,promotingdialogueandefficientremediationofissues.In2021,Amazonmanagersreceivedandrespondedtomorethan210,000submissions.ConnectionsConnectionsisareal-time,companywideemployeefeedbackmechanism,designedtolistentoandlearnfromemployeesatscaletoimprovetheemployeeexperience.Eachday,ConnectionsquestionsaredeliveredtoeveryAmazonemployeeonacomputer,workstationdevice,orhandscanner,generatingmorethan1.5milliondailyresponsesfromemployees.Employeescanchoosetorespondtoaquestionornot,andindividualresponsesareaggregatedandsharedwithmanagersattheteamleveltomaintainconfidentiality.Connectionsanalyzesresponsedataandprovidesinsightstomanagersandleaderstoreviewandtakeactionsasnecessary.EmployeesrespondtoConnectionsquestionsin55countries,andquestionsaredeliveredin26languages.210K+Suggestions,questions,andcommentsaddressedthroughVOAboardsAppealsProcessWebelievethateveryonedeservestohavetheirvoiceheard,includingwhenappealinganydecisions.IntheU.S.andCanada,Amazonoffersanonline,paperlessappealsprocess,throughwhicheligibleemployeescanchallengecertaindisciplinaryactions.Theappealsmayinvolveareviewfromasecond-levelmanagerorgeneralmanagertoverifythatpolicieshavebeenappliedcorrectly.Ifthisisnotfoundtobethecase,weremediateasappropriate.EthicalBehaviorWhileworking,ouremployeesshouldalwaysactlawfully,ethically,andinthebestinterestsofAmazon.OurCodeofBusinessConductandEthics(CodeofConduct)setsoutbasicguidingprinciplesforallemployees.EmployeesmayraisequestionsorreportsuspectedviolationsofourCodeofConductthroughAmazon’sEthicsLine,byphoneoronline.EthicsLineTheEthicsLineisacommonlyutilizedmethodforemployeestoraiseconcerns,offeredin165languagesand63countries.ReportstotheEthicsLineareansweredbyanindependentthirdpartyandmaybemadeanonymouslyonrequest.OurBusinessConductandEthicsteamrecords,reviews,investigates(ordirectsotherstoinvestigate),andreportsallegedviolationsoftheCodeofConduct,trackinganyremediationrequired.Wetakeallallegationsofunlawfulconductintheworkplaceextremelyseriously.Wecarefullyreviewandinvestigateallegationsofunlawfulconductorotherconductthatviolatesanyofourpolicies.Inaddition,wewillnotallowretaliationagainstanemployeeforreportingmisconductbyothersingoodfaith.Ourseniorleadershipteamreceivesregularupdatesonanyallegationsofunlawfulharassmentanddiscrimination1.5M+ResponseseverydaytoConnectionsquestionsin26languagesin55countriesagainstemployeesindirector-levelpositionsoraboveandiskeptapprisedoftheprogressandfindingsofourinvestigations.TheLeadershipDevelopmentandCompensationCommitteeoftheBoardofDirectors,comprisingindependentdirectors,receivesdetailedquarterlyupdatesonanyallegationsofunlawfulharassmentanddiscriminationagainstemployeesinvice-president-levelpositionsoraboveoremployeesinvestigatedonbehalfofAmazonbyanexternalinvestigator.Uponcompletionofeachinvestigation,wetakeappropriateactionagainstanyonefoundtohaveengagedinunlawfulconductortohaveviolatedourpolicies.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix57EngagingOurEmployeesWevalueemployeefeedback.Webelieveitisinthebestinterestsofouremployeesandourcompanytocontinueourdirectcommunications,andthatthebestwaytoeffectpositivechangeisforouremployeesandmanagerstocontinueworkingtogetherdirectly.Weencourageouremployeestoprovidefeedbackregularly.Employeeshavedailyopportunitiestoengagewithleaders,raiseissues,andmakesuggestionstocontinuallyimproveourworkplacethroughall-handsmeetingswithgeneralmanagers,stand-upmeetingswithdirectsupervisors,andone-on-onemeetings.AssociateRoundtablesThepurposeofAssociateRoundtablemeetingsistoprovideleadersandassociateswithmeaningfulopportunitiestodiscussissues.Leadersheardirectlyfromhourlyassociates,whocanaskquestionsaboutanytopicandsharethoughtsabouttheirjob,workenvironment,andanychallengestheymightbefacing.Theleadershipteamusestheinformationtoimprovetheworkplaceandtheassociateexperience.AssociateForumsAmazonhasdozensofAssociateForumsinEuropeandAfricathatenableemployeestoregularlyinteractdirectlywiththeirsiteleadershipteams.AssociateForumsconsistofsiteleadershipandrepresentativeselectedbyworkplaceemployeeswhomeetregularlytoshareinformation,feedback,andideas.Thisgivesassociatesandleadersatthesiteanopportunitytoconsultdirectlyonkeydecisionsthataffectthesiteorassociateexperience,includingworkingpractices,shiftschedules,andassociatewell-being.AssociateSafetyCommitteesAnotherwayAmazonobtainsfeedbackandinputfromemployeesisthroughAssociateSafetyCommittees.Thesecommitteesexistatmanysitesaroundtheworld,includinginjurisdictionsorstatesintheU.S.wheretheyarenotlegallymandated.PracticesRelatedtoFreedomofAssociationandCollectiveBargainingWerespectfreedomofassociationandouremployees’righttojoin,form,ornottojoinalaborunionorotherlawfulorganizationoftheirownselection,withoutfearofreprisal,intimidation,orharassment.Theserightsshouldbeexercisedinaninformedandthoughtfulmanner.Amazonhasavarietyofelectedassociateforumsandworkcouncilsaroundtheworld,andwehaveassociatesrepresentedbysomeformofcollectivebargaininginmanycountries.Wevalueworkerfeedback,andarecommittedtoprovidingouremployeeswithgrievancemechanismsandremedialaction,regardlessofcollectivebargainingpresence.Wefirmlybelieveitisinthebestinterestsofouremployeesandourcompanytocontinueourdirectcommunications,andthatthebestwaytoeffectpositivechangeisforouremployeesandmanagerstocontinueworkingtogetherdirectly.Weworkhardtolistentoouremployees,makecontinualimprovements,andinvestheavilytooffercompetitivepayandbenefitsinasafeandinclusiveworkplace.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix58Safety,Health,andWell-BeingatAmazonSafetyisintegraltoeverythingwedoatAmazon,andwestrivetobesafereverydayforouremployees,partners,andcommunities.Ourworkenvironmentsallowouremployees,regardlessofbackground,skilllevel,orexperience,toworkwithconfidence.OurApproachWestructureouroperationstofulfillcustomerordersasefficientlyandsafelyaspossible,andworktooptimizeourprocesses,equipment,andfacilitiesforsafetyandproductivity.Weprovideextensivesafetytraining,coaching,andengagementopportunitiestoouroperationsemployeestocontinuallyimproveworkplacesafety.Weemploythousandsofsafetyprofessionalstosolvecomplexproblems,maintainsafetyequipment,andestablishnewindustrybestpractices.Wecontinuallyidentifyopportunitiestoinnovateandinvestinachievingbetteroutcomesandsolutionsforourpeople.Theserangefromintegratingnewsafetytechnology,suchasvehiclesafetycontrolsforourdeliverynetwork,toengineeringergonomicsolutionsforemployeesinourfulfillmentcenters.Wecontinuetoresearch,invest,andapplydataandinsightstoimprovesafetyinourworkplaces.PrioritizingSafetyFromDay1Fromanemployee’sfirstdayatAmazon,wehighlightandreinforcetheimportanceofsafetythroughournew-hireorientationprogram,whichdetailssafetyexpectationsandpolicies.Helpingemployeesunderstandhowtousetheequipmentandprocessesdesignedtokeepthemsafethroughtrainingopportunities—suchasmicrolearning,just-in-timetraining,andlearningbydoing—isatoppriority.Thisprovidesourstaffwiththechancetobuildsafetyskillsandcompetenciesonanongoingbasis.Weprovidecontinualtrainingontopicssuchasbodymechanicsandfallhazardsthroughroutinereminders,alertswhenloggingontoaworkstation,andmessagesinourmobileappforemployees.Everyoperationsmanageralsoparticipatesinannualsafetytraining,reinforcingbasicconceptslikeemergencypreparednessandhazardidentification.SmartTechforSmarterWorkWeusetechnologytohelpreducephysicaldemandsonouremployees.Forexample,weprovideourfulfillmentcenteremployeeswithintelligent,wearablesafetyitemsthatcancommunicatewithroboticequipmentinrealtime.Wealsohavemobileandvehicletechnologytohelpdriversperformpickups,deliveries,andreturnsefficientlyandsafely.Weareconstantlyevaluatingnewopportunitiesandlearningprogramstocreateinnovativesolutionsintechnology,robotics,andautomationthatimprovesafetyacrossouroperations.Onemajorareaoffocusisusingtechnologytoadvancedriver-centriccustomizationthroughoutourdeliveryfleetandbringingsafetytotheforefrontofvehicledesign.Weareinvestinganincremental$100millionacrossourfleetin2022tobringinnovationsinergonomicsanddriverassistancetechnologies.AllAmazon-brandeddeliveryvehiclesareequippedwithdriversafetyandcomfortfeatures,includingactivesystemslikeautomaticemergencybraking,technologiesthatimprovevisibility,andalertsfornearbyvehicles.In2021,wepilotedourcustomelectricdeliveryvan,builtinpartnershipwithRivian,inover15U.S.cities.Thesevansaredesignedwiththehumanbodyinmind,andinclude12advanceddriverassistancefeaturesthatconsiderthesafetyandcomfortneedsofourdrivers.Wearealsocollaboratingwithdriverstodevelopvehicleimprovementsbasedontheirfeedback.SafetyataGlance:$300M+Investedinsafetyprojectsin2021$15B+COVID-19-relatedcostsincurredsincethestartofthepandemictohelpkeepemployeessafe$12MFive-yearpartnershipwiththeU.S.NationalSafetyCouncil(NSC)launchedtouncovernewwaystopreventandaddressmusculoskeletaldisorders(MSDs)GreenCrossSafetyInnovationAwardAmazonwasthe2021recipientoftheGreenCrossforSafetyInnovationAward,presentedannuallybytheNSC2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix59“Theappwasdevelopedwithemployees,foremployees.Wewantedtomakesureit’snotonlyeasytousebutalsobeneficial,whethersomeoneisstartingtheirhealthandwellnessjourneyorcontinuingtheirsafetyeducation.”ChandniChandihokWorkplaceHealthandSafetyProductManager,AmazonHowTechnologyIsMakingRoadsSaferIn2021,thousandsofdriversnavigatedover2billionmilesdeliveringpackagestoourcustomersaroundtheworld.Asourtransportationbusinesseshaveexpanded,we’vefocusedonmakingourroadssaferforourdriversandcommunitiesthroughinnovativemobileandvehicletechnology.Artificialintelligencereducesaccidentsbycapturingdataandprovidingreal-timealertsforunsafedrivingbehavior,suchasdriverdistraction,closefollowingdistance,stopsignandsignalviolations,andseatbeltinfractions.Our2021investmentofmorethan$130millioninnewtransportationsafetytechnologyandprogramsresultedinnearly50%feweraccidentssinceOctober2020,andweareinvestinganincremental$100millionin2022toscaleinnovationsinergonomicsanddriverassistancetechnologiesacrossourdeliveryfleet.BoostingWellnessandWell-BeingWhenpeoplearegiventhetoolstotakecareoftheirwell-beingatworkandathome,theyarenotonlylesspronetoinjuriesbuttheyfeelbetter,healthier,andhappier.Weproactivelyhelpemployeesmanagetheirhealthandwellnessthroughawiderangeofprograms.WealsoprovideaccesstoconvenienthealthcarethroughourNeighborhoodHealthCenters,with17facilitieslocatednearfulfillmentcentersintheU.S.asof2021.OurinnovativeWorkingWellprogramusesacademicresearchandcertifiedathletictrainerstoeducatenewemployeesabouttheirbodies,health,andwellnesstohelpthemsuccessfullyadapttoworkingatAmazon.Aftertheonboardingphase,WorkingWellcontinuestoprovidesupporttoemployeesthroughHuddles,whicharemeetingsamongsmallgroupsofemployeescoveringtopicssuchastraining,conditioning,bending,andhandlingobjects.Theseregularconnectionsprovideopportunitiestodiscussthebenefitsofstrongbodymechanicsandprovideongoingsafetyeducation.WealsoprovideshortactivitiescalledMindandBodyMoments,whichappearonworkstationscreensatsitesacrossNorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,India,andEurope.Thesemessagesencourageemployeestotakeregularbreakstostretch,breathe,andbemindful.Thegoalistoimproveemployees’mentalandphysicalwell-being,reducefatigueandstress,andimprovehealthandsafetyengagement.“Asadriver,IfeelprotectedandsaferwithAmazon’stechnology.Ifsomethinghappens,thefootageistheretohelpme.Alertsprovidealevelofsafetythatwasn’ttherebefore,helpingmeconsciouslythinkaboutsafety—evenaftermyshiftendswhenI’mdrivingmyownvehicle.”NickOperationsManager,AmazonOur2021Impact:WorkingWell2021Impact:$130M+Investmentinvehicletechandprograms~1.2MEmployeesreached130Huddlescustomizedtositesbasedonoperationtypeandlanguage15%+ReductioninMSDincidentsforthoseparticipatinginHuddlescomparedtononparticipants1AppIntheU.S.toenableevenmoreemployeestoaccesssessionswhetheratworkorhomeVehicleSafetyTechnologyIn-vehiclecamerasafetytechnologyinstalledinAmazon-brandeddeliveryvehiclesoperatedbyDeliveryServiceProviderdrivers~50%Nearly50%reductioninaccidents~80%Nearly80%reductioninstopsignviolations75%ReductionindriverdistractionLearnmoreinourreportonsafety,health,andwell‑beingatAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix60BuildingaSupplyChainThatPutsPeopleFirstAmazoniscommittedtoconductingourbusinessinalawfulandresponsiblemanner,includingengagingwithsuppliersthatrespecthumanrights,providesafeandinclusiveworkplaces,andpromoteasustainablefuture.OurApproachOurgoalisforourproductsandservicestobeprovidedinawaythatrespectshumanrightsandtheenvironment.Ourglobalteamsworkcloselywithsupplierstocommunicateourstandardsandhelpsuppliersbuildtheircapacitytoprovideworkingenvironmentsthataresafeandrespectfulofhumanrights.SupplyChainStandardsWesetahighbarforourselvesandoursuppliers.Amazon’sSupplyChainStandardsdetailtherequirementsandexpectationsforoursuppliers,theirsupplychains,andsellingpartnersthatlistproductsinourstores.Theyaregroundedinprinciplesofinclusivity,continuousimprovement,andsupplychainaccountability.Weengagewithsuppliersthatarecommittedtothesesameprinciples,andsupplierscommittothesestandardsasaconditionofdoingbusinesswithus.Atleasteverythreeyears,inlinewithindustrybestpractices,wereviewourSupplyChainStandardsagainstpoliciesdevelopedbyindustryassociations.Additionally,wereviewthesestandardsinconsultationwithhumanrightsexpertsandorganizations,includingBusinessforSocialResponsibility(BSR),ImpacttLimited,InternationalCenterforResearchonWomen,Nest,ResponsibleBusinessAlliance(RBA),andUNWomen.SupplyChainRiskAssessmentsWeevaluateoursupplychaintounderstandthehighestriskstoworkersandtoprioritizeourefforts.Todothis,weengagekeyinternalandexternalstakeholders,analyzeourrisksusinginternationalriskindicessuchastheWorldBank’sWorldwideGovernanceIndicators,runworkersurveys,andconductassessmentsthatincludeworkerinterviews,managementinterviews,documentreviews,andon-sitevisits.Weregularlyconsultindustryexpertstoreviewourapproachtoriskassessmentagainstgloballyrecognizedinternationalstandardsandindustrybestpractices.WeconductregularassessmentsofsuppliersofAmazon-brandedproducts,includingAmazonPrivateBrandsandAmazondevices,aswellasacuratedselectionofbrandsexclusivelysoldinAmazon’sstore.Weexpectoursupplierstoconsistentlymonitorandenforceourstandardsintheirownoperationsandsupplychain,aswellasmakingimprovementstomeetorexceedourexpectations.ContinuousImprovementOurapproachisbasedonacommitmenttoworkersandtocontinuousimprovement.Weputthesafetyandinterestsofworkersfirstandworktostrengthensuppliers’capacitiestomanageandmitigaterisksintheirvaluechains.Wehavededicatedteamsinkeysourcingregionsthatengagedirectlywithsuppliersandtheirworkers.Ifanissueisfound,weworkwithsupplierstoremediatetheissuebyprioritizingworkerfeedbackandofferingsuppliersresourcestohelptheminvestinworkerwell-beingandsafeworkplaces.Teamsacrossthecompanysetgoalswithseniorleadershiptotrackprogressandincentivizeimprovementacrossoursupplychain.TopFiveSourcingCountriesin2021China,India,Japan,UnitedKingdom,UnitedStatesLearnmoreaboutourResponsibleSourcingProgram,includingourSupplyChainStandards,ourSupplierManual,andoursupplychainmap,onourwebsite.SellingPartnersSellingpartnersarethird-partysellersandretailvendorsthatofferproductsforsaleinAmazon’sstores.OurSupplyChainStandardsapplytoeveryproductsoldinourstoresandweexpectsellingpartnerstodotheirownduediligenceinsupportofproducingeveryproductinsafe,healthy,andinclusiveworkenvironments.WeevaluatecredibleallegationsofsellingpartnerviolationsofourSupplyChainStandardsincluding,butnotlimitedto,thosepublishedbygovernments,civilsociety,reputableinvestigators,journalists,orhumanrightsdefenders.Ifwehavereasontosuspectcertainproductsdonotmeetourstandards,wemayrequestthatthesellingpartnerdemonstratetheproductsitsellsinourstoreweremanufacturedinaccordancewithAmazon’sSupplyChainStandards,suchasprovidingevidenceofauditingprotocols,showingprocessesforassessingfactoryworkingconditions,engaginginunannouncedaudits,participatinginanapprovedindustryassociationthatincludesfactorymonitoring,orverifyingwheretheproductsaremade.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix61OurProgressin2021In2021,westrengthenedourengagementwithsuppliers,workers,andcommunitiestofurtherembedrespectforhumanrightsthroughoutourvaluechain.Wearebuildingoureffortsinourkeycommitmentareas,includingGenderEquityandResponsibleRecruitment,andstrengthenedourduediligencemechanisms.Workersremainatthecenterofourwork;wesupportoursupplierstomitigateriskandinvestinsupplychainworkerwell-being.SupplyChainCommitmentsWeevaluateoursupplychaintoidentifytheindustries,countries,andissueswherewehavethegreatestopportunitiestoidentifyandaddressrisksandhaveapositiveimpactonworkers.Weworkcloselywithoursuppliersaroundtheworld,andconsistentlyworktoidentifypartnershipsandprogramstohelpoursuppliersinvestinworkerwell-beingandsafeworkplaces.Weareproudtoshareourprogressonourkeycommitmentareas.Learnmoreaboutourkeysupplychaincommitmentareasonourwebsite.SafeandHealthyWorkplacesMaintainingsafeandhealthyworkplacesisatoppriorityforAmazon.Wehaveglobalteamswhopartnerwithsupplierstoincreaseworkerawarenessofsafetyissues,promoteworkerparticipationintheirfacility’ssafetyculture,andpromoteinitiativesfocusedonthewell-beingofworkersonissuesthatmattermosttothem.SupplyChainTransparencySupplychaintransparencyisessentialtoourapproachtohumanrightsduediligence,andanimportanttooltohelpusaddressrisksinoursupplychainandidentifyopportunitiesforcollaborationonsystemicsupplychainissues.WepublishasupplierlistandinteractivesupplychainmapthatprovidesdetailsonsuppliersofAmazon-brandedapparel,consumerelectronics,foodandbeverage,andhomegoodsproducts.Weupdateoursupplychainmapatleastannuallytoprovidecustomersandexternalstakeholdersvisibilityintowherewesource.WealsocontributelistsofourapparelsupplierstotheOpenApparelRegistrytofosterbrandcollaborationandactionintheapparelindustry.“IfeelproudtobeapartoftheprogramunderSwasti.Beforethetraining,Iwasnotveryconsciousofmyhealth.Ihavenotbeeneatingwellinthemorning.ThetraininghelpedmetounderstandhowtoaddresssymptomsIwasexperiencingandcounseledmeonwaystomanagethroughhealthylifestyleandexercise.Theeasyaccessibilitytothehealthcounselorandnutritionisthelpedmegraduallycontrolandimprovemysymptoms.”T.N.ManjulaSupervisoratJustJuteProductsandparticipantinSwastihealthtrainingLearnmoreaboutoursupplychainmapandlistonourwebsite.In2021,wecontinuedtostrengthenourmechanismstoaddressandimproveworkplacesafetybyconductingbuilding,electrical,andfiresafetyassessmentsforat-risksuppliersinBangladeshandPakistan.Wealsotrainedselectedsuppliersonhowtoimprovemanagementsystemsandworkplacedialogue,andwecreatedissue-specificguidebookstoenablesupplierstobetterunderstandtherootcausesoftheseissuesandhelppreventissuesfromoccurring.WeexpandedourworkwiththeSustainingCompetitiveandResponsibleEnterprises(SCORE)program,aleanmanufacturingprogramfocusedonimprovingproductivityandsafeworkingconditionsinsmallandmedium-sizedmanufacturers,withanemphasisonworkerparticipationasanessentialcomponenttostrongsafetymanagementpractices.Todate,wehaveenrolled50supplierslocatedinIndia,China,andVietnam,providingover28,900workerswithacumulative8,800hoursoftraining.Throughanindependentassessmentoftheprogram,wefoundareductioninhealthandsafetyfindingsandaccidents,andincreasedproductivityandworkersatisfaction.Toprovideprogramstoworkersinoursupplychain,wepartnerwithSwasti,aglobalnonprofitcommittedtoensuringaccesstoqualityhealthcareforworkersinmarginalizedcommunities.Asof2021,Swastireachedover1,200workersinAmazon’ssupplychaininIndia,providingcriticalmentalhealth,healthcare,andsocialentitlementsupporttoworkers,theirfamilies,andtheircommunities.Swastiprovidesatelecarehealthcounselingprogram,factorymanagementtrainingonCOVID-19preventionandmanagement,andscreeningforharmfulhealthconditions,includinghypertensionanddiabetes.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix62ProtectingWorkersDuringCOVID-19Millionsofworkersworldwideremainaffectedbydeepeningpoverty,inequality,andjobuncertaintyduetothelingeringimpactsoftheCOVID-19pandemic.InmanypartsofAsia,whicharecriticalmanufacturingandsourcingregionsforAmazon’sgoods,workerscontinuetoexperiencehealthandfinancialchallengesduetolowvaccinationratesandreoccurringlockdowns,whichcanshutterfactories.Buildingonour2020investmentsinorganizationsprovidingcriticalfront-linesupporttoworkersimpactedbythepandemic,in2021,wemadeanadditional$1.65millioninvestmenttocollaboratewithseveralorganizationsandinvestdirectlyinsuppliersofAmazon-brandedproducts.Thisinvestmentwillhelpprovideanestimated54,000workerswithaccesstocrisisresponseresources,withafocusonAsia’smostCOVID-vulnerableregions.ThroughacollaborationwithCatalystManagementServices,asocialinvestmentspecialistgroup,andPATH,aglobalpublichealthnonprofit,thiscommitmentwillfacilitatevaccineassistance,provideamedicalhotlineforworkersandtheirfamilies,andassistfactoriesinestablishingcrisisresponseplans.Additionally,wecontinueourcollaborationwithNesttoprovidetoolsandtrainingtohelpmorethan70artisansmallbusinessownersinIndonesia,Cambodia,andthePhilippinesweatherthefinancialimpactofshopclosures,staffingshortages,andcanceledorders.Learnmoreaboutourhumanrightspartnerships.GenderEquityGenderequityisafundamentalhumanrightandanecessaryfoundationofasustainablesupplychain.Qualityjobsforwomentranslatetopositiveimpactsforcommunities,andweareactivelyworkingtoempowerwomentomaketheirowndecisionsonhealth,finances,andcareerdevelopment.In2021,wescaledourworkandinvestmentstoadvancetherightsoffemaleworkersinsupplychains.Wemadea$1millioninvestmentintheResilienceFundforWomeninGlobalValueChains.TheResilienceFundpoolscorporateinvestmentstodrivelocal,women-ledsolutionstosomeofthetoughestproblemsfacingwomeninglobalvaluechains.EstablishedbyBSR,theUNFoundation,andWomenWin,theResilienceFundaimstoraiseatleast$10milliontomakestrategic,long-terminvestmentsinwomen’seconomicresilience,health,andwell-being.LearnmoreonAboutAmazon.WeworkedwithInternationalCenterforResearchonWomen(ICRW)AdvisorsandTheMaraPartnerstoadvancewomen’srightsacrossourglobalvaluechain,andjoinedBetterCotton’sWorkingGrouponDecentWork&Gendertoimproveworkingconditionsforcottonfarmers.Inaddition,wesignedandadoptedtheUNWomen’sEmpowermentPrinciples(WEPs).Supportedbymorethan6,000corporatesignatories,theWEPswereestablishedbytheUNGlobalCompactandUNWomentoofferbusinessesguidanceonwaystopromotegenderequalityandwomen’sempowermentintheworkplace,marketplace,andcommunity.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix63AmazonPartnershipWithNestToadvanceourgenderequitycommitments,wesupportfemalebusinessleaders,entrepreneurs,andmakersacrossoursupplychain.Aspartofthiseffort,in2021,AmazonHandmadeandNestteameduptosupportartisanandmakerbusinessestoincreasetheirsalesandimpactbyleveragingthepowerofAmazon’smarketplace.Nest,anonprofitsupportingtheresponsiblegrowthandcreativeengagementoftheartisanandmakereconomytodrivegenderequity,supportsagrowingnetworkofover1,600artisanbusinessesacross120countries.ThepartnershipbetweenNestandAmazonHandmadeledtothelaunchofadedicatedcohortofNestartisanbusinessesthatwerepromotedthroughadedicatedgatewayonAmazonHandmade.InthewakeofCOVID-19,providingartisanbusinesseswithamultichannelsalesstrategyisessentialtotheirresilienceandabilitytowithstandunprecedentedtimesforsmallmakerbusinesses.Forexample,EspacioHandmade,basedinAustin,Texas,isawomen-ownedleathergoodsbusinessthatwashighlightedinour2020SustainabilityReport.AmazonHandmadealsofeaturedthebusinessinthe“OurFavoriteFinds”section,andwithinweeks,EspacioHandmadehadreceivedhundredsoforders.AmazonHandmadeisproudtosupportcreativemakerandartisanbusinessesastheynavigateoptimalwaystoleveragethedirect-to-consumerplatformthatbothAmazonandAmazonHandmadeprovide.GenderEquityTrainingforWorkersinOurSupplyChainAmazonpartnerswithBSR’sHERproject,aninitiativethatbringstogetherglobalbrands,theirsuppliers,andlocalpartnerstocreateandimplementworkplace-basedinterventionsonhealth,financialinclusion,andrespectforwomen’srights.ThroughourBSRpartnership,weengagesuppliersinChina,Bangladesh,Vietnam,andIndia.Asof2021,wesupportednearly16,000workers—including10,000women—withtrainingsonhealthandfinancialskills,andwehelpedworkersandfactorymanagementtocombatgender-baseddiscriminationintheworkplace.SunitaGiriisagarmentworkeratDhruvGlobalsLtd.inIndiawhoattendedaHERfinanceprogram.Sheisasinglemotheroftwochildren,andherfamilydependsonherincomealone.ThroughHERfinancetraining,Sunitalearnedthevalueofinvestingandsavingforhealthandfutureexpenses.Thetrainingtaughtheraboutfinancialplanningtoolsandoptionstobuildhersavingstosupporthershort-termandlong-termgoals.Italsoinspiredhertoopenasavingsaccount,wheresheregularlydepositsfunds,andenabledhertousedigitalpaymenttoolsthatsupportfairwagepayments.Sunitasharedwhatshelearnedwithhercolleagues,family,andneighbors,sothattheyalsobenefitedfromtheinformationshereceived.“ItisbecauseofthistrainingthatIhavestartedtothinkaboutmyselfandmyfuture,asIdonotwanttodependonanyone[in]myoldage,”shesaid.LearnmoreonAboutAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix64ResponsibleRecruitmentandFreelyChosenEmploymentAmazondoesnottoleratetheuseofforcedlabor.Forcedlaborisahiddencrimethatishardtocombat,andworkplaceenvironmentsandrecruitmentpracticesaredynamic.Forvulnerablegroupssuchasforeignmigrantworkers,weareincreasingourunderstandingofforcedlaborriskacrossbothhomeanddestinationcountries.Workervoicemechanismsareimportanttoenableworkerstoraiseissuesinasafeandconfidentialmanner.Werecognizerealprogressinthisspacewillonlybeachievedthroughcollaborativeaction—bycompanies,governments,andcivilsociety—tospursystemwidechange.Withoperationsandsupplychainsspanningtheglobe,wearecommittedtoimprovingtheworkingconditionsofpeoplewhoareconnectedtoourbusinessandrecognizetheneedtomonitorforconditionsthatputworkersatriskofmodernslavery.Weworktoidentifyandreducetheriskofforcedlabor.OurSupplyChainStandardsprohibitallformsofforcedlaborandhumantrafficking,andsetrequirementsaimedatreducingrisk.Forexample,workersmustnotberequiredtopayrecruitmentfees,andsuppliersmustnotretainpassportsorpersonaldocumentation.DuringassessmentsofAmazon-brandedsuppliers,wetrackwhereworkersmigratedfromandhowmuchtheypaidinrecruitmentfees.Iffeeshavebeenpaid,werequirethesuppliertoreimburseworkersinfull.In2021,weexpandedourrelationshipswithkeyexternalpartnersRBAandtheInternationalOrganizationforMigration(IOM).WealsobeganpartneringwiththeIssaraInstitutetoaddressissuesofhumantraffickingandforcedlaborthroughworkervoice,partnership,andinnovation.Weareworkingwiththeseorganizationstobetterunderstandhotspotsacrossoursupplychainsothattherightsofworkersvulnerabletoforcedlaborcontinuetoberespectedandpromoted.Wearealsoworkingwiththemtoleveragecollectiveindustryresponsesforimprovedduediligenceanddevelopimpactfulriskmitigationstrategiesthatputtheinterestsofworkersfirst.Additionally,weexpandedourtrainingonresponsiblerecruitmentpracticestoover50suppliersthroughtheRBA’sResponsibleLaborInitiativeandIOM.Wealsoofferedworkerawarenesstrainingtoworkersatsitesinhigh-riskregionstoimprovethewell-beingofforeignmigrantworkers.Thesetrainingprogramsfocusedonmodernslaveryrisksandtheimportanceofresponsiblerecruitment,includingteachingparticipantshowtoimplementeffectiveriskmitigationcontrols,identifyissuesintheirrecruitmentandhiringprocessesformigrantworkers,anddraftanimplementationplanforaddressingtheseissues.StandinginPartnershipAgainstChildLaborTheUNdesignated2021asInternationalYearfortheEliminationofChildLabour.BuildingonourworkwithTheCentreforChildRightsandBusiness,AmazoncommittedtotheJointActionPledgetostrengthentheprotectionofchildren’srightsandaccelerateactiontoaddresschildlaboringlobalsupplychains.Throughthiscommitment,wewillworkwithotherretailerstofurtherextendduediligence,remediation,andmonitoringactivities.Thiswillenableustoincreaseourunderstandingofchildlaborinsupplychains,deliverprogramstosupportjuvenileworkers,buildthecapabilitiesofsupplierstoaddresschildlabor,workcollaborativelyasagrouptosharelearnings,andestablishbestpracticestoaddresschildlabor.“Amazoniscommittedtoensuringourproductsandservicesareprovidedinawaythatrespectshumanrights,andcombatingforcedandchildlaboringlobalsupplychainsisanimportantpartofthatpledge.InthisInternationalYearfortheEliminationofChildLabour,weareproudtoreinforceourcommitmentbyjoiningtheJointActionPledgeandlookforwardtoworkingcollaborativelywithTheCentreforChildRightsandBusiness,peercompanies,andotherstakeholderstostrengthenprotectionsforchildren’srightsandeliminatechildlabor.”LeighAnneDeWineDirectorofSocialResponsibility,AmazonFairWagesWearecommittedtoworkingcloselywithsuppliers,businesspartners,andmultistakeholderassociationstomonitorandpromotecontinualimprovementinworkingconditions,includingfairandon-timepaymentofwages.Wehavededicatedteamsacrosstheglobethatworkdirectlywithsupplierstotrackandreportperformanceagainstthesestandards.Oursuppliersarerequiredtopaylegallyrequiredcompensation,includingovertimeandbenefits,andweencouragethemtocontinuallyevaluatewhethertheirworkersearnenoughtomeettheirbasicneedsandtheneedsoftheirfamilies.Makingsureworkersarepaidfairlyisachallengeacrossallindustriesinglobalsupplychains.WeareworkingtobetterunderstandwagepaymentsinoursupplychaintomeaningfullyengagewithsuppliersandenhanceourduediligenceundertheUNGuidingPrinciplesonBusinessandHumanRightsonthisissue.Wewillcontinuetoenrolloursuppliersininternationalprogramsthatimprovelivelihoods,helpsuppliersinvestinworkerwell-being,andcontributetothesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofregionswherewesourceandoperate.ProgramssuchasSCOREandBetterWorkaddresstheholisticchallengesworkersfacebyfocusingonimprovingworkingconditionsandpromotingrespectforlaborrights.AnindependentimpactassessmentoftheSCOREprogramfoundincreasedproductivityandincreasedwagesforAmazonsuppliersparticipatingintheprogram.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix65•TechAgainstTraffickingisacoalitionofcompaniescollaboratingwithglobalexpertstohelperadicatehumantraffickingusingtechnology.Amazonsitsontheorganization’ssteeringcommitteeandhasleveragedtheexpertiseandresourcesofAWStohelpexploreandscaletheuseoftechnologysolutionsacrosstheanti-traffickingfield.•Thorn,anorganizationthatbuildstechnologytodefendchildrenfromsexualabuse,leveragesAWSmachinelearningtoolsinitsSpotlightproduct.Spotlight’ssophisticatedmachinelearningcapabilitiessavetimeforinvestigatorsbyautomaticallyflaggingadslikelytorepresentvictimsofchildsextrafficking.InvestigatorssearchSpotlight’sconstantlygrowingdatabaseofadsandsetupautomatedalertstoempowerproactiveinvestigations.Spotlighthashelpedidentifymorethan20,000childsextraffickingvictims.•AmazonisanofficialcorporatesponsorofTruckersAgainstTrafficking(TAT),anorganizationdedicatedtocombatinghumantraffickinginthetruckingindustry.WebeganincorporatingTATtrainingmodulesintotrainingsforourinternalfleetofdriverstoteachthemhowtoidentifyandrespondtopotentialvictimsofhumantrafficking.Sincelaunchingthispartnership,wehavetrainedover9,000Amazontransportationassociates.•WesupporttheUK-wideModernSlavery&ExploitationHelplineoperatedbyUnseen,investinginitseffortstoprovideimmediateandlong-termassistancetopotentialvictimsofmodernslaveryandtoensurethehelpline’scontinuedgrowth.Thehelplineprovidesdirectresponseandservicestopotentialvictimsofmodernslaveryandhelpsshapetrainingsandwiderservicesforvulnerablepeople.CombatingForcedLaborAmazoniscurrentlyworkingwiththeseorganizationstodeviseholisticapproachestocombatingforcedlabor:•AmazonsupportsPolaris,anonprofitleadingasocialjusticemovementtofightsexandlabortraffickingatthemassivescaleoftheproblem—25millionpeopleworldwidedeprivedofthefreedomtochoosehowtheyliveandwork.ThroughtheU.S.NationalHumanTraffickingHotline,Polarishasrespondedtomorethan73,000situationsofhumantraffickingsince2007.AWSworkswithPolaristoinfusecutting-edgetechnologyintoitsinfrastructuretoacceleratethedevelopmentofthelargestknownU.S.datasetontrafficking.Withtheguidanceofsurvivors,Polarisusesthatdatatoimprovethewaytraffickingisidentified,howvictimsandsurvivorsareassisted,andhowcommunities,businesses,andgovernmentscanpreventhumantraffickingbytransformingtheunderlyinginequitiesandoppressionsthatmakeitpossible.•AmazonisamemberoftheResponsibleLaborInitiative,amulti-industry,multistakeholderinitiativefocusedonensuringthattherightsofworkersvulnerabletoforcedlaboringlobalsupplychainsareconsistentlyrespectedandpromoted.•AmazonpartnerswithStolenYouth,aSeattle-basedorganizationwiththemissiontoendchildsextraffickinginthestateofWashingtonthroughprevention,connectingtraffickedyouthtoresourcesandservices,andempoweringsurvivorsalongtheirpathtorecoveryandapromisingfuture.WesupportStolenYouthbyprovidingbothfinancialsupportandgoodsdonations.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix66EnvironmentalProtectionWearecommittedtosourcingproductsandservicesthatdonotcauseunnecessaryenvironmentalharm,andworkwithindustryexpertsonwaystounderstandtheenvironmentalimpactofourproducts.WeareamemberoftheSustainableApparelCoalition,anindustrywidegroupofleadingapparelandfootwearbrands,retailers,manufacturers,NGOs,academicexperts,andgovernmentorganizationsworkingtoreducetheenvironmentalandsocialimpactsofapparelproductsaroundtheworld.WeencourageourAmazon-brandedsupplierstoevaluatetheirpracticesusingtheCoalition’sHiggIndex,atooltohelpmanufacturersmeasurethesocialandenvironmentalperformanceoftheirfacilities.Wearecommittedtodrivingadoptionofthisassessmentandhelpingoursuppliersunderstandtheirenvironmentalimpacts.Ouraimistoworkwithindustrypartnersandoursupplierstounderstandtheirenvironmentalfootprintsandsetgoalstoreduceenvironmentalimpacts.AccesstoEffectiveGrievanceMechanismsWearebuildingoureffortstoprovidepeopleconnectedtoourvaluechainwithaccesstoeffectivegrievancemechanismsaspartofoursupplychainduediligenceandinvestmentsinworkerwell-being,andhaveaddedthisasakeycommitmentarea.Wehelpoursuppliersworkwithanumberofglobalpartnerstoprovidesupplychainworkerswithaccesstoeffectivegrievancemechanisms,includingtheAmaderKothaHelplineinBangladesh;UlulainChina,Cambodia,India,Pakistan,andtheUK;theamforiSPEAKFORCHANGEProgrammeinVietnam;theResponsibleLaborInitiative’sSuaraKamihelplineinMalaysia;andSedexDirectWorkerReportinginIndia.Theseorganizationsarekeytohelpingoursupplierslistentotheirworkersandraiseawarenessofissuesinoursupplychain.Weprovideoursuppliersandserviceproviderswiththesetoolsinordertohelpthemheardirectlyfromworkersabouttheirexperiences,andtosupporttheresolutionofissuesfromtheworkers’perspectives.Acrossthesemechanismsusedin2021,92%ofclosedissueshavehadworkerverificationofremedialactions.Asanexampleofourworkinthisarea,weenrolledourBangladeshisuppliersinAmaderKotha,ahelplinethatprovidesworkersintheready-madegarmentsectorasafeandeffectivewaytoreportandresolveworkplaceissues.Weprovideongoingcapacity-buildingtosuppliersenrolledinAmaderKotha,assistingwithgrievancehandlingmechanismsandworkervoicetools.InourthirdyearofworkingwithAmaderKotha,weareseeingsignificantimpact.Morethan88%ofworkersemployedwithourBangladeshisuppliersreportedthattheyweresatisfiedwiththeusageoftheAmaderKothaHelpline.In2021,workersplaced530callstothehelpline—86%relatedtolaborissuesand4.6%relatedtosafetyissues.Thesecasesareresolveddirectlyinpartnershipwithfactorymanagementinlinewiththehelpline’sprotocols.CommoditiesandTraceabilityAssessingandMappingRiskCommoditysupplychainsarecomplicatedandfragmented,andimprovedvisibilityintorawmaterialsupplychainsbetterenablesbusinessestoidentifyhumanrightsandlaborrightsviolationsandholdsuppliersaccountable.In2021,wecompletedourfirstcommodityandmaterialityriskassessmentforAmazon-brandedproductsandidentifiedeightcommoditieswithsalientsocialandenvironmentalrisksasakeymilestoneinthedevelopmentofourresponsiblecommoditysourcingroadmap.FocusonCottonIn2021,wecontinuedtostrengthenoureffortstoaddresshumanrightsrisksinglobalcottonsupplychains.AmazonjoinedBetterCotton’sRetailerandBrandAdvisoryPanelonTraceabilitytohelpsteerBetterCotton’sinitialvisionandstrategytowardachievingmoretraceablecottoninthecomingyears.WealsoparticipatedintheResponsibleSourcingNetwork’sinitiativeYESS:YarnEthically&SustainablySourced.YESSworkstoaddressforcedlaborinthecottonvaluechainbyprovidingtrainingto,andmanagingtheassessmentof,spinnersandfabricmillstoidentifyandaddressforcedlaborincottonproduction.FocusonMineralsIn2021,weincreasedoursupportforindustrycollaborationtowardresponsiblemineralsourcing.WeremainmembersofthePublic-PrivateAllianceforResponsibleMineralsTradeandtheResponsibleMineralsInitiative(RMI).WealsoenhancedourcobaltduediligenceprogramusingtheRMI’scobaltreportingtemplate.WesupportedRMI’sSmelterAuditFundtoincreaseassessmentsfortin,tungsten,tantalum,andgoldsmelters.Theseassessmentsarecriticaltoresponsiblemineralsourcinginoursupplychains.In2022,wewillimplementadditionalsmelterduediligenceprotocolsasweworktoward100%oftin,tungsten,tantalum,andgoldmineralsmeltersandrefinersinoursupplychainbeingcertifiedusingarecognizedmineralsassuranceprogram.PurchasingPracticesSupplierfeedbackonourpurchasingpracticesisimportantinunderstandinghowwecanimprovesupplierrelationshipsandunderstandingourpotentialimpactonhumanrightsinoursupplychain.In2021,AmazonpartneredwiththeBetterBuyingInstitutetocaptureanonymoussupplierfeedbackonourpurchasingpracticesthroughanannualsurvey.Benchmarkedagainstindustrypeers,weidentifiedkeyareas,includingplanningandforecasting,supplierengagement,andon-timepayments,wherewecanimprovepracticestodriveabettersupplierexperienceofworkingwithAmazon.In2021,AmazonpartneredwithBetterBuyingandotherbrandstocreateane-learningcoursetoraiseawarenessabouttheimportanceoftheissue.Weareproudtohavebeenpartoftheefforttoendstate-imposedforcedlaborinUzbekistan’scottonsector.In2019,AmazonsignedtheCottonCampaign’sUzbekCottonPledgewithover300brandsandretailerstoraiseawarenessandopposethesystemicuseofforcedlaborinUzbekistan’scottonproduction.AsofMarch2022,theInternationalLabourOrganizationhasindependentlyverifiedthatthegovernmentofUzbekistanhasendedthepracticeofstate-imposedforcedlaborinitscottonsectorandtheCottonCampaignhasliftedtheUzbekCottonPledge,endingtheboycottofUzbekcotton.Learnmoreaboutourspotlightonworkervoice.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix67SupplierAssessmentsWeassessoursuppliersofAmazon-brandedproductsacrossfourmaincategories:1)Labor,2)HealthandSafety,3)Environment,and4)Ethics.Thesecategoriesaredividedintosubcategories,suchasnondiscrimination,emergencypreparedness,hazardoussubstances,andtransparency.FindingswithineachsubcategoryareflaggedasHigh,Medium,orLowdependingonthelevelofseverity.AmazonfocusesonsettingahighbarfornewsuppliersandrefusingtogotoproductionuntilsuppliersremediateHigh-levelfindingsidentifiedinourassessments.Werecognizethatsomeissuesmaytaketimetoeffectivelyremediate.ForMedium-levelissues,weexpectsupplierstoshowtheyaremakingmeaningfulprogresstowardremediationwithinadefinedtimeline.ForLow-levelissues,wemonitorsuppliersforcontinualimprovement.Wehavededicatedteamsbasedinkeysourcingcountriesaroundtheglobethatworkdirectlywithoursupplierstoidentifysolutionstochallengingproblemsandpromoteopendialogue.Weseektocreatelong-termrelationshipswithsuppliersthatalignwithourvaluesandarecommittedtoconstantlyimprovingconditions.Whereweseetrendsinissuesbeyondindividualsuppliers,suchaswidespreadhealthandsafetydeficitsorindustrywidefailurestoresponsiblyprotectmigrantworkers,weworktodefineregionalorglobalstrategiestoaddressunderlyingsystemicchallenges.Weshareoursupplierassessmentdata(seeAppendix)todemonstrateourcommitmenttotransparencyandcontributetoindustrywideknowledgeoncomplexandchangingsupplychainconditions.In2021,weconducted5,952assessmentstohelpusdeterminewhichsupplierstoworkwithand,forthosewedoengage,tohelpusunderstandandcontinuallyimprovethosesuppliers’practices.Weutilizethreetypesofassessments:•Pre-ProductionAssessments:SuppliersmustsubmitanAmazon-approvedassessmentoftheirfacilitiesbeforebeginningproductionofAmazon-brandedproducts(28%ofassessmentsconductedin2021werePre‑ProductionAssessments).•OngoingAssessments:SuppliersmustsubmitAmazon-approvedassessmentsonanongoingbasiswhileproducingAmazonproducts(51%ofassessmentsconductedin2021wereOngoingAssessments).•VerificationAssessments:Whereissuesareidentified,suppliersmustdevelopacorrectiveactionplandetailingactionstoaddressidentifiedissuesandalong-termplantopreventreoccurrence,andwherenecessary,mustundergoafollow-upassessmenttoremediateissues(21%ofassessmentsconductedin2021wereVerificationAssessments).Ourassessmentdatareflectsfindingsforsuppliersevaluatedin2019,2020,and2021,andincludesassessmentsofsupplierswenolongerworkwith,orwithwhichweneverbeganabusinessrelationship.Assessmentsmayhavefoundmorethanoneissuelisted.Weacceptassessmentscompletedbyqualifiedindependentauditfirmsbasedonourownassessmentstandardsandthoseofindustryassociations,includingSedex,amfori,andRBA;certificationstandardSocialAccountabilityInternational(SA8000);andtheBetterWorkprogram.Ourassessmentdatahelpsusdeterminewheretofocusoureffortsandresources,andprovidesinsightintoindustrywidechallengesandsystemicissues.Wearecontinuallyinnovatingtoincludenewassessmenttypesanddatasourcesinourduediligenceprogram.Weattributetheincreaseintransparencyissuestothe2021introductionofaremoteLearnmoreaboutoursupplierassessments.assessmenttool,whichrequiressupplierstoproviderecordsanddocumentationinrealtime.Wenowprovidesupplierswithadditionalnoticeofthisexpectationtohelppreempttransparencyissues.Inothercases,theincreasedrateoffindingsinspecificcategoriesrepresentsindustrywidechallengesthatrequireindustry-level,long-termsolutions.Wehavededicatedteamsengagingdirectlywithoursuppliersonkeysafety-,wage-,andworkinghours-relatedfindings.Werecognizethatwecannotaddressmanyofthesesystemicissuesalone,andwearecommittedtoengaginginindustry-levelinterventionsinordertodriveimprovementinworkingconditions.Wearededicatedtoworkingwithoursupplierstounderstandrootcausesandbuildstrongmanagementsystemstoaddressandmitigateissues.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix68SupportingOurCommunitiesAmazon’scultureisbuiltaroundsolvingimpossibleproblems—acultureweknowhasthepowertodrivemeaningfulchange.Welooktoleverageourscaleforgoodanduseourabilitytoinnovatequicklytostrengthencommunitiesaroundtheworldwhereouremployeesliveandwork.OurApproachWorkingalongsidecommunitypartners,wecreatesolutionstosomeoftheworld’smostpressingchallengesandbuildlong-termprogramsthathavealasting,positiveimpact.Weworktoaddressimmediateneeds,suchasreducinghungerandhomelessness,providingaffordablehousing,andservingcommunitiesinneedfollowingnaturaldisasters.Wealsolooktothefuture,byprovidingprogramsthatsupportscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)educationandskillstraining.AccesstoFoodandBasicNeedsWehelpaddressurgentissuesfacedbychildrenandfamiliesfromunderservedcommunitiesbyimprovingaccesstofoodandbasicnecessities.Weleverageourlogisticsnetworktosupportfoodbanksandcommunityorganizations,deliveringgroceriesandpre-packagedmealsdirectlytovulnerablefamilies.Wealsoworktoeliminatebarrierstolearningbyprovidingstudentswithclothing,hygieneproducts,andothersuppliesthathelpthemfocusontheirstudies.WedonatetononprofitssupportingschooldistrictsinWashingtonstate’sPugetSoundregion,NorthernVirginia,andNashville,Tennessee.Asof2021,Amazonhasprovidedmorethan$8millionand50,000instancesofsupporttostudentsandtheirfamiliessince2018.SupportingCharitableOrganizationsWithAmazonSmileDonationsAmazonSmilemakesiteasierforAmazoncustomerstogivebacktocharitablecauseswithjustoneclick.AmazonSmileisavailableintheU.S.,Germany,andtheUK,andofferscustomerstheopportunitytosupporttheirfavoritecharityfromalistofoveramillionorganizations.Amazondonates0.5%ofthepurchasepriceofeligibleorderstothechosencharity.CustomerscanalsodonateitemsdirectlytocharitiesusingAmazonSmileCharityLists.AmazonSmiledonationssupportcharitiesrangingfromglobalhumanitarianeffortsandanimalwelfaregroupstoparent-teacherassociationsandlocalhospitals.OrganizationsaroundtheworldhavebeenabletoexpandtheirworkandmakeameaningfulimpactintheircommunitiesthankstothesedonationsandthecustomerswhochoosetoshopusingAmazonSmile.“DonationsfromAmazonSmilesupportSavetheChildren’sworkintheU.S.andaroundtheworld.WithfundsfromAmazonSmiledonations,SavetheChildrencanprovidetemporarylearningcentersformorethan3,500childrenwhoareoutofschoolamidconflict,deliverfoodformorethan14,000childrenmissingmealsduetothepandemic,andequip14mobilehealthunits,ensuringvitalcaretothousandsmore.Wecouldn’tdoitwithoutyou.”PerryYeatmanHeadofCorporate,SavetheChildrenU.S.20MMealsdeliveredasof2021in25+U.S.cities,aswellasincommunitiesinAustralia,Japan,Singapore,Spain,andtheUK225M+In-kinddonateditems,includingpersonalprotectiveequipmentandessentials,in2021~4KNonprofitssupportedacrosstheU.S.in2021throughin-kindpersonalprotectiveequipmentdonations12MIn-kinddonationsofschoolsuppliesandotheressentialitemstomeethyperlocalcommunityneedsincommunitieswhereweoperatethroughoutNorthAmerica,theUK,andEurope2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix69HealthEquityforCommunitiesIn2021,AWScommitted$40millionoverthreeyearstohelporganizationsdevelopsolutionstoimprovehealthoutcomesforunderservedorunderrepresentedcommunities.TheprogramisopentoorganizationsaroundtheworldthatwanttoharnessAWStechnologyandexpertisetoadvancehealthequityinanyofthefollowingareas:•Increasingaccesstohealthservicesforunderservedcommunities•Reducingdisparitiesbyaddressingsocialdeterminantsofhealth•LeveragingdatatopromotemoreequitableandinclusivesystemsofcareThisprogramgivesorganizationsanotherwaytoaccessAWScreditsandtechnicalexpertisetoadvancetheirmissions.Incollaborationwithlocalnonprofits,AWSalsolaunchedcommunitydevelopmentinitiativesinvillagesadjoiningAWSinfrastructuresitesinWestJava,Indonesia,andTelangana,India.Initiativesincluderenovationofschools,provisionofcleanwaterfacilities,toilets,wastemanagementsystems,hyperlocalenvironmentalinitiatives,andskilldevelopmentprogramsforlocalyouth.WholeFoodsMarketWholeFoodsMarketwasfoundedwiththepurposetonourishpeopleandtheplanet.Tomakeanimpactinourcommunities,WholeFoodsMarkethasthreefoundationstosupportstrategicprogramsthatmakeanimpactacrosstheglobe:•WholePlanetFoundationiscommittedtoalleviatingglobalpovertyforpeoplelivingincommunitiesintheU.S.andaroundtheworldthatsupplyproductsforWholeFoodsMarketstores.•WholeCitiesFoundationexpandshealthyfoodaccessandnutritioneducationbypartneringwithcommunity-ledorganizationstobuildthrivinglocalfoodsystems.•WholeKidsFoundationsupportsschoolsandinspiresfamiliestoimprovechildren’snutritionandwellness.Eachquarter,WholeFoodsMarketsupportsnearly500community-basednonprofitswithalignedmissionsandvaluesthroughtheTeamMemberDirectedGivingprogram.Thisprogramisledbylocalteammembernetworksandfocusesonaddressingspecificneedswithineachcommunityweserve.FromOctobertoDecember2021alone,WholeFoodsMarketdonatedmorethan$1.1millionto489nonprofitsintheU.S.andCanada.SourcedforGoodIn2021,WholeFoodsMarketlaunchedSourcedforGood,anexclusiveprogramdedicatedtohelpingcustomerseasilyidentifyproductsthatsupportworkers,communities,andenvironmentalstewardshipwhereourproductsaresourced.WithourSourcedforGoodseal,wearecommittedtodemystifyingthedecision-makingprocessbyhelpingourcustomerseasilyidentifytheseproducts.CustomerscanfindtheSourcedforGoodsealonmorethan100productsinstores,includingonbananas,asparagus,peppers,tomatoes,andtulips.We’vealsoexpandedtheprogramtoseafoodaswellastodomesticsuppliers,aswestrivetoservemorecommunities.PurchasingSourcedforGoodproductsdirectlycontributestocausesthatWholeFoodsMarketandourcustomerschampion,includingfairwages,ethicaltrade,improvedhealthcareaccess,Celebrating10YearsofGrowingHealthyKidsTenyearsago,acashregistercampaign—aswellastheenthusiasmofcontributingteammembersandcustomers—plantedaseedofanidea,whicheventuallygrewintoWholeKidsFoundation.Theidea:Giventherightopportunities,kidswillgetexcitedaboutfreshfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andothernutritiouswholefoods.Sinceitsfoundingin2011,WholeKidsFoundation’scommunityinvestmentsintheU.S.,Canada,andtheUKhaveincreasedaccesstonutritiousschoolfoodandtransformedthewaystudentseatandthinkaboutfood.TheFoundationfacilitatesenvironmentsandpartnershipstocreatelastingchange.10MStudents12K+Schools700Beehives6K+Saladbars7K+Gardens22K+TrainedteachersLearnmoreabouttheWholeKidsFoundation.10yearsofimpactthroughWholeKidsFoundation:scholarships,plantingtrees,andmore—withmillionsofdollarsraisedannuallyforhundredsofcommunitiesacross12countries.SupportingLocalProducersWesupportlocalfoodproducersthroughWholeFoodsMarket.Inadditiontofeaturinglocalproductsinourstores,weareprovidingloanstosmall,local,independentfarmersandartisanalfoodproducerstohelpthemexpandtheirbusinessesthroughtheWholeFoodsLocalProducerLoanProgram.Loanrecipientshaveincludedorganicvegetablefarmers,aheritageturkeygrower,anutritionalproteinbarmaker,andmanyothers.TheLocalProducerLoanProgramhasprovidedmorethan370loanssince2007,representing$26millionincapital,tooursuppliers.In2021alone,morethan$536,000wasawardedthroughsixloans.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix70DisasterReliefandResponseAmazon’sdisasterreliefandresponseeffortsleverageourinnovativetechnologiesandgloballogisticsnetworktoprovidefastandeffectiveaidforcommunitiesimpactedbynaturaldisasters.WehavefilledcargojetsandshippedtruckloadsofAmazon-donateditemstocommunitiesacrosstheglobe.WealsoenablecustomerstodonateproductsandcashonAmazon.comandwehelpdisasterresponseorganizationsexpeditetheirresponseeffortsatscalethroughAWS.Since2017,wehavedonatedmorethan18millionreliefsuppliesandemergencyaiditems,includingflashlights,tents,andsearchandrescueequipment.In2021,Amazonsupportedglobalcommunitiesimpactedbynaturaldisasters,including:•SeverefloodsinWesternEuropeandNewSouthWales,Australia•WildfiresinTurkeyandCanada•AtornadointheCzechRepublic•AvolcaniceruptioninSaintVincentandtheGrenadines•MonsoonseasoninIndia•AnearthquakeinHaiti•WinterstormsinTexas,Mississippi,Tennessee,andAlabamaThroughtheAWSDisasterPreparednessandResponseprogram,weworkalongsidegovernments,nonprofits,internationalaidorganizations,andprivateentities.Weoffersupportthroughcloudcomputingtechnology,technicalexpertise,andvolunteertimetohelpcommunitiesateverystageofadisasterlifecycle.Inaddition,weprovidesupportandfinancialassistance,oftenintheformofgrants,toemployeesandpartnersfacingunexpectedhardship.In2021,weprovidedmorethan19,000grants,totaling$14million,fornaturaldisasterrelief,includinghardshipduetoaCOVID-19diagnosisorquarantine.Wealsosupportednearly1,800employees,partners,andtheirfamilieswithnearly100,000essentialitems,nearly17,000hotmeals,andcriticalpersonalservicessuchashousing,transportation,andcounseling.28NaturaldisastersAmazonprovidedreliefforin202118M+ReliefsuppliesAmazonhasdonatedanddeliveredsince2017FreshThinkinginDisasterReliefPlanningToenableanevenfasterresponsetonaturaldisasters,weopenedourfirstdisasterreliefhubinourAtlantafulfillmentcenterin2021—amajoradvancementindisasterreliefplanning.Itcantakemultipledaystorespondtoanaturaldisasterandassess,procure,consolidate,andpacksupplies.Toacceleratethisprocess,AmazonanalyzeddataacrossfouryearsofsupporttoprepareaheadofhurricaneseasonintheU.S.andCaribbean.Wedonatedandpre-stockedover500,000reliefsuppliesinourhub,whichspans10,000cubicfeet—bigenoughtofillanAmazonAir767cargoplane.ThispreparationensuredreadinessforhelpingsixofAmazon’shumanitarianreliefpartners,andthehubwasinstrumentalinprovidingsupporttoLouisianacommunitiesfollowingHurricaneIda.“Amazon’sdonationofcriticalreliefsuppliesandadvancepre-positioningeffortsallowtheAmericanRedCrosstostandreadytohelpatamoment’snotice.We’rehonoredtocountAmazonasoneofourmostvaluedpartnersandaregratefulfortheircontinuedsupporttofulfillourmission.”TrevorRiggenSeniorVicePresident,DisasterCycleServices,AmericanRedCross2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix71TheAWSInfrastructureCommunityEngagementProgram(AWSInCommunities)forgeslocalrelationshipsandcreatescommunity-focusedprogramswhereAWSbuilds,operates,andisexpandingourphysicalinfrastructure.AWSInCommunitiesfocusesonfourkeypillars:1.STEM/STEAM(STEM+arts)education,equity,andaccess2.Localtechupskilling3.Environmentalstewardship4.EmployeeengagementInaddition,AWSInCommunities’SignatureProgramsuseAWS’uniqueresourcestodeveloporinspirefuturebuildersfromunderrepresentedandunderservedcommunities.TheseincludeGirls’TechDay,AWSTechWeek,FamilyTechSeries,andThinkBigSpace.SkillsTrainingandSTEMEducationProgramsAmazonbelievesinthepowerofeducationtounlockhumanpotential,whichiswhyweareinvestinginarangeofsubjectsandtoolstohelpchildren,highereducationstudents,andadultstapintotheirpotential.SkillstrainingandSTEMeducationcanhaveabigimpactinanincreasinglydigitized,technologicalworld,andwearehelpingpeoplepursuecareersofthefuturethroughcomputerscienceandcodingskills.In2020,wepledgedtohelp29millionpeoplearoundtheworldgrowtheirtechnicalskillswithfreecloudcomputingskillstrainingby2025.Tosupportthiscommitment,wehaveanumberofinitiatives,rangingfromequippinghighereducationinstitutionswithafree,ready-to-teachcloudcurriculumtohelpingteachersbringcodingclassestoruralareas,andinspiringgirlsandyoungwomentopursuecareersintech.OurprogramsincludeAmazonFutureEngineer,AWSTrainingandCertification,AWSre/Start,AWSAcademy,AWSEducate,AWSThinkBigExperience,ourpartnershipwithGirlsinTech,andAWSGetIT.Forexample,AmazonFutureEngineerisourglobalchildhood-to-careercomputerscienceprogramcreatedtoinspireandeducatethousandsofstudentseachyearfromunderservedandunderrepresentedcommunities.Aspartofthisprogram,studentsexplorecomputersciencebymeetingactualAmazonemployeesinvirtuallivecareertalksorexplorationsofourreal-worldinnovations.In2021,AmazonFutureEngineerreached1.8millionstudents,anditisnowavailableintheU.S.,theUK,India,France,Germany,andCanada.AmazonFutureEngineeralsoawards250studentsintheU.S.eachyearwith$40,000scholarshipsandpaidinternshipsatAmazon,aswellashonoringTeacheroftheYearAwardwinnerswithmorethan$30,000forthemselvesandtheirschools.ThroughAmazonFutureEngineer,AmazonannouncedanewAdvancedPlacementComputerScienceprogrammingcurriculum,inpartnershipwithCode.org.Designedwithequityatitscore,thecurriculumisintendedtoempowereverystudent,regardlessoftheirbackground,toenvisionthemselvesusingcomputersciencetobringtheirdreamstolife.AWSlauncheda$10millionscholarshipprogramtoprepareunderrepresentedandunderservedstudentsgloballyforcareersinmachinelearning.Inaddition,theAWSInCommunitiesScholarshipProgramoffersatotalof$100,000inscholarshipstostudentsfromU.S.stateswhereAWShasdatacenteroperationstosupporttheirhighereducationambitionsinSTEM.Theprogramisopentostudentsenrollingincoursessuchaselectricalandelectronicsengineering,computerscience,artificialintelligence,biochemistry,softwareengineering,andphysics.Since2019,AWShasawarded120scholarshipstostudentsacrossfourU.S.states.1.8MStudentsreachedthroughAmazonFutureEngineerin202110K+Employeevolunteerhours1.2MPositivecommunityinteractionsTechnologyIrelandCSRAwardReceivedforour“TakeonaCause”programsponsoringnonprofitsandcommunitygroupsSpecialCommendationAwardReceivedfromtheFederationofIndianChambersofCommerce&IndustryforourcontributionstoCOVID-19reliefeffortsinIndia2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix72HousingEquityWebelievethatallpeopleshouldhaveaccesstohousingtheycanafford.InJanuary2021,AmazonlaunchedtheAmazonHousingEquityFund,acommitmentofover$2billiontopreserveandcreatemorethan20,000affordablehomesinthreecommunitieswherewehaveahighconcentrationofemployees:Washingtonstate’sPugetSoundregion;Washington,D.C.,andArlington,Virginia;andNashville,Tennessee.TheHousingEquityFundhelpscreateinclusivehousingdevelopmentsandpreserveexistinghousingthroughlow-rateloansandgrantstocommunity-basedorganizations,mission-drivenhousingproviders,traditionalandnontraditionalpublicagencies,andminority-ledorganizations.AsofMarch2022,theAmazonHousingEquityFundhadasignificant,positiveimpactonrentalaffordabilityincommunitiesAmazoncallshome,withmorethan$1.2billioninloansandgrantscommitted.Thesecommitmentshavepreservedorcreatedover8,000affordableunitstohousemorethan18,000people.$1.2B+Loansandgrantsfunded8K+Affordablehomescreatedorpreserved18K+PeoplesupportedLearnmoreaboutourprogressinourHousingEquityFundImpactReport.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix73InThisSectionCorporateGovernanceBusinessEthicsAdvocacyandPublicPolicyPartnershipsStronggovernanceisbehindthecultureofinventionandcuriositythathasdrivenourbusinessacrossregionsandindustries.Today,ourfocusisonimplementingbestpracticegovernanceprinciplestooperateanethicalbusinessthatourstakeholderstrust.GovernanceGoverningforanAgile,Resilient,andResponsibleAmazon2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix74CorporateGovernanceAmazon’sBoardofDirectorsisresponsibleforthecontrolanddirectionofAmazon.TheBoardrepresentstheshareholders,anditsprimarypurposeistobuildlong-termshareholdervalue.BoardLeadershipandRiskOversightAmazon’sBoardofDirectorsregularlyreviewsreportsonvariousaspectsofourbusiness,includingrelatedrisksandthestrategiesforaddressingthem.WhiletheentireBoardhasoverallresponsibilityforriskoversight,theBoardhasdelegatedresponsibilityforcertainriskstoitscommittees.TheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeoverseesmanagementofrisksrelatedtoourenvironmental,sustainability,andcorporatesocialresponsibilitypractices,includingrisksrelatedtoouroperationsandoursupplychain.TheLeadershipDevelopmentandCompensationCommitteeoverseesmanagementofrisksrelatedtosuccessionplanning,compensationforourexecutiveofficers,andouroverallcompensationprogram,includingourequity-basedcompensationplans,aswellasrisksrelatedtootherhumancapitalmanagementmatters,includingworkplacesafety,culture,diversity,discrimination,andharassment.TheAuditCommitteeoverseesmanagementofrisksrelatedtoourfinancialstatementsandfinancialreportingprocess,businesscontinuity,andoperationalrisks,thequalifications,independence,andperformanceofourindependentauditors,theperformanceofourinternalauditfunction,legalandregulatorymatters,andourcompliancepoliciesandprocedures.BoardandCommitteeEngagementin2021TheBoardmeetsregularlyduringtheyear,holdsspecialmeetings,andactsbyunanimouswrittenconsentwhenevercircumstancesrequire.During2021,therewerefivemeetingsoftheBoard.Inaddition,theBoardparticipatedinregularlyscheduledteleconferencediscussionsonvarioustopics,generallyonamonthlybasis.TheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeheldfourformalmeetingsduring2021andreviewedmattersthatincluded:•TheBoard’scomposition,diversity,andskillsinthecontextofidentifyingandevaluatingnewdirectorcandidatestojointheBoard•TheBoard’srecruitmentandself-evaluationprocesses•Boardcompensation•BoardCommitteemembershipandqualifications•ConsiderationofAmazon’spoliciesandinitiativesregardingtheenvironmentandsustainability,corporatesocialresponsibility,andcorporategovernance•FeedbackfromshareholderengagementTheLeadershipDevelopmentandCompensationCommitteeheldsixformalmeetingsduring2021andreviewedmattersthatincluded:•Design,amounts,andeffectivenessofAmazon’scompensationforseniorexecutives•Managementsuccessionplanning•Ourbenefitandcompensationprograms•Ourhumanresourcesprograms,includingreviewofworkplacediscriminationandharassmentreports,workersafetyandworkplaceconditions,anddiversity,equity,andinclusionmatters•FeedbackfromshareholderengagementTheAuditCommitteeheldsevenformalmeetingsduring2021andreviewedmattersthatincluded:•Ourriskassessmentandcompliancefunctions•Dataprivacyandsecurity3•Publicpolicyexpenditures•Treasuryandinvestmentmatters•Taxmatters•Accountingindustryissues•Theperformanceofourinternalauditfunction•Thereappointmentofourindependentauditor•PendinglitigationLearnmoreaboutourcommitteechartersonourInvestorRelationswebsite.3Asof2022,anadhoccommitteeoftheBoardreceivesreportsfrommanagementandreportstotheBoardatleastannuallyondataprotectionandcybersecuritymatters.Learnmoreonpage77.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix75BoardDiversityTheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeseeksoutcandidateswithadiversityofexperienceandperspectives,includingdiversitywithrespecttorace,gender,geography,andareasofexpertise.TheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeincludes,andhasanysearchfirmthatitengagesinclude,women,individualsfromunderrepresentedracial/ethnicgroups,andindividualswhoidentifyasLGBTQ+inthepoolfromwhichtheCommitteeselectsdirectorcandidates.WhenconsideringcandidatesaspotentialBoardmembers,theBoardandtheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeevaluatethecandidates’abilitytocontributetosuchdiversity.TheBoardassessesitseffectivenessinthisregardaspartofitsannualBoardanddirectorevaluationprocess.Currently,ofournineindependentdirectornominees,fivearewomen,twoarefromunderrepresentedracial/ethnicgroups,andthreehaveservedforfiveyearsorless.BoardDiversityMatrixTotalNumberofDirectors11FemaleMaleDirectors56NumberofDirectorsWhoIdentifyinAnyoftheCategoriesBelow:AfricanAmericanorBlack1–Asian1–White36ShareholderEngagementWebelievethateffectivecorporategovernanceincludesyear-roundengagementwithourshareholdersandotherstakeholders.Inatypicalyear,wewillengagewithdozensofshareholders,includingourlargestshareholders,twotothreetimes.ThisoutreachiscomplementarytothehundredsoftouchpointsourInvestorRelationsteamhaswithshareholderseachyear.Wefinditbeneficialtohaveongoingdialoguewithourshareholdersthroughouttheyearonafullrangeofinvestorpriorities.Dependingonthecircumstance,ourleaddirectororanotherindependentdirectormayengageintheseconversationswithshareholdersaswell.In2021,aspartofourcorporategovernanceengagement,wemetwithcorporategovernancerepresentativesatshareholdersowningover35%ofourstock(notcountingtheapproximately13%votedbyourfounderandExecutiveChair)andrespondedtonumerouslettersfromourinvestors.Ourdirectengagementwithshareholdershelpsusbetterunderstandourshareholders’priorities,perspectives,andissuesofconcernwhilegivingusanopportunitytoelaborateonourmanyinitiativesandpracticesandtoaddresstheextenttowhichvariousaspectsofthesemattersare(orarenot)significantgiventhescopeandnatureofouroperationsandourexistingpractices.WetakeinsightsfromthisfeedbackintoconsiderationandregularlysharethemwithourBoardaswereviewandevolveourpracticesanddisclosures.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix76BusinessEthicsAmazonencouragesandenforcesstrictadherencetolocal,state,federal,andinternationallaws.OurCodeofBusinessConductandEthics(CodeofConduct)outlinesthebehaviorweexpectfromemployeesregardingpotentialethicalissuessuchasconflictsofinterest,insidertrading,discriminationandharassment,andcompliance.BriberyandCorruptionAmazonhaszerotoleranceforbriberyandcorruptioninanyformforanyofourbusinesses.Ouranti-corruptioncomplianceprogramisimplementedaspartofacentralizedglobalcomplianceprogram,ledbytheVicePresidentforBusinessConductandEthics.TheprogramisgroundedinourCodeofConduct,whichissupportedbynumerousadditionalpolicies,procedures,andothercommunications,andincludesanoutrightprohibitiononbriberyofanykind.OurBusinessConductandEthicsprogramincludesariskassessmentandcompliancegoal-settingprocessthatgathersbroaderbusinessinputthroughregularclientinterviews,awhistleblowerhotline,centralizedinvestigationandreportingofviolations,duediligenceprocessesdesignedtodetectpotentialcomplianceissuesbeforeengagingintransactionswiththirdparties,andawidevarietyofonlineandin-persontrainingaboutcompliance-relatedtopicsandthecompany’scompliancepolicies.Amazonhasextensivecontrolsrelatingtofinancialtransactions,throughwhichgroupssuchasaccounting,financeoperationsservices,accountspayable,andpayrollallownprocessesthatidentify,monitor,andevaluaterisksincludingfraud,misappropriationofassets,corruption,andtheintegrityoffinancialreporting.Othercontrolfunctionssuchasfinance,procurement,andinternalauditallworktogetherwiththeBusinessConductandEthicsteamtoprevent,detect,anddetercorruption.DataPrivacyAmazonunderstandsthatcustomerscarehowtheirpersonaldataiscollected,used,andshared,andweworkeverydaytoearnandmaintaincustomertrust.Acrossallofourproductsandservices,ourprincipledapproachtoprivacybeginswithtransparency,customercontrol,andsecurity.Weinformourcustomersofourprivacyanddatasecuritypolicies,practices,andtechnologiesthroughourprivacynotices,includingtheAmazon.comPrivacyNoticeandtheAWSPrivacyNotice.WearealsoenhancingcybersecurityawarenessbeyondAmazonbyofferingthetrainingweuseforourownemployeesfreetoindividualsandbusinesses.DataPrivacyOversightAnadhoccommitteeoftheBoardappointedin2022receivesreportsfrommanagementandreportstotheBoardatleastannuallyondataprotectionandcybersecuritymatters.ThiscommitteealsoreviewsthemeasuresimplementedbyAmazontoidentifyandmitigatedataprotectionandcybersecurityrisks.Amazonrequiresemployeeswithaccesstoinformationsystems,includingallcorporateemployees,toundertakedataprotectionandcybersecuritytrainingandcomplianceprogramsannually.WhistleblowingAmazonprovidessecureandaccessiblechannelswhereemployeescanraiseconcernsandreportviolationsinconfidenceandwithoutriskofreprisal.AsdescribedinourCodeofBusinessConductandEthics,employeescanspeakwithanyoneintheirmanagementchainortheLegalDepartmentwhentheyhaveaquestionabouttheapplicationoftheCodeofConductorwhenindoubtabouthowtoproperlyactinaparticularsituation.TheLegalDepartmenthasprovidedguidelinesforhowemployeescanreportconcerns.Wedonotallowretaliationagainstanemployeeforreportingmisconductbyothersingoodfaith.Employeesmustcooperateininternalinvestigationsofpotentialorallegedmisconduct,andthosewhoviolatetheCodeofConductwillbesubjecttodisciplinaryactionuptoandincludingdischarge.Inaddition,suggestionsorcomplaintsemailedtoamemberoftheseniorleadershipteamareconsideredExecutiveEscalations.Anyemployeecanutilizethismethodofprovidingasuggestionorraisingaconcerntoleadership.AllescalationsareindependentlyreviewedbyHumanResources,usedasalearningopportunity,andmaybeusedtoupdateourprocessestopreventgapsinthefuture.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix77AdvocacyandPublicPolicyWeoperateinregionsallovertheworld,andremaincommittedtogivingcustomerseverywherethesamestandardofexcellence.OurApproachWeengagewithauthoritiesatthelocal,state,national,andinternationallevelstooverseetheseamlessoperationsofourinternationalbusinessthroughdifferentlegislativedemandsandcompliancerequirements.OurPublicPolicyteamsworkwithawiderangeofpolicymakers,multilateralorganizations,industryassociations,coalitions,andotherpartnersacrossnumerousregulatoryandpolicyissues.Likeourbusinessinterests,ourpolicyissuesarebroad,forwardthinking,anddrivenbywhatisbestforourcustomers.Wehavepubliclystatedourpositiononseveralkeyissues.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto:•Ourbeliefthattheminimumfederalwageshouldberaised•Ourstatementthatboldactionisneededtocombathuman-inducedclimatechange•Ourrecognitionofthefundamentalimportanceofdiversity,equity,andinclusion•OursupportfortheBlack,LGBTQ+,andindigenouscommunities•Ourcommitmenttoaccesstoaffordablehousing•Ourbeliefintheprotectionofdataprivacy•Oursupportforcommonsenseimmigrationreform•OurcommitmenttohelppromotedemocracyandrespectforhumanrightsSupportingOurPrinciplesWebelievethatthepublicandprivatesectorsmustacttogethertoaddresstheworld’smostpressingchallenges.Weadvocateonvarioustopicsthatarematerialtoourbusiness,includingclimateaction,communityempowerment,immigrationreform,andmore.Weseekoutopportunitiestopartnerwiththepublicsectortoadvancenewtechnologies,investinneededsolutions,andsupportpublicpoliciesthatprovidecertaintyandadvanceinnovation.In2021,wesupportedtheU.S.federalgovernment’sactionstoaddressclimatechange.Thisincludedsupportingemissions-reducinginvestmentsintheBipartisanInfrastructureLawandtheclimateprovisionsintheproposedBuildBackBetterlegislation.Weadvocatedforalternativefuelvehicles,electricvehiclecharginginfrastructure,sustainableaviationfuels,renewableelectricitydata,federalfleetelectrification,windandsolarenergy,andlow-carbonresearchanddevelopment.WealsojoinedtheWeMeanBusinessCoalitionincallingfortheU.S.tosetassoonaspossibleanambitiousandattainablegoaltoreduceemissionsby2030.Wealsopubliclysupportedthelow-carbonfuelsstandardproposedbythestateofWashington.Inaddition,wecontinuedtoadvocateforhigherfederalandstateminimumwagesandrenewedourcommitmenttoimmigrantrightsandimmigrationreform.Wecollaboratedwiththepublicsectoronhousingequityandcalledforgreatersupportandfundingforcomputerscienceeducationinpublicschools,especiallyinunderrepresentedcommunities.WepublishanannualpoliticalengagementreportonourInvestorRelationswebsite.ThestatementdetailsourlobbyingactivitiesintheU.S.anddisclosesourspecificspendingonballotinitiativesandpublicorganizations,aswellaswithrepresentativesatstateandlocallevels.LearnmoreabouteachofthesepositionsonAboutAmazon.LearnmoreaboutouradvocacyandpublicpolicyworkonAboutAmazon.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix78PartnershipsPartnershipsenhanceourimpactandhelpsupportsustainabilityeffortsbeyondAmazon.Wecollaboratewithcredible,knowledgeable,andinnovativeindustrypartnersaroundtheworldwhoshareourvision.•AdvancedEnergyBuyersGroup•AdvancedEnergyEconomy•AmaderKothaHelpline•AmericanCleanPowerAssociation•AmericanCouncilonRenewableEnergy•amfori•ArticleOneAdvisors•AspenInstitute•BetterBuyingInstitute•BetterCotton•BetterWork•BipartisanPolicyCenter•BrandEthicalWorkingGroup•BuildingTransparency•BusinessAlliancetoScaleClimateSolutions•BusinessforSocialResponsibility(BSR)•BSRHERproject•CarbonLeadershipForum•CargoOwnersforZeroEmissionVessels•CatalystManagementServices•CenterforClimateandEnergySolutions•Ceres•CityHarvestLondon•CleanEnergyBuyersAssociation•CleanEnergyDemandInitiative•CleanEnergyInvestmentAcceleratorIndonesia•ClimateNeutralDataCentrePact•ClosedLoopPartners,ClosedLoopInfrastructureFund•CorporateElectricVehicleAlliance•EllenMacArthurFoundation•FeedingAmerica•FirstMoversCoalition•GlobalLogisticsEmissionsCouncil•GlobalOptimism•Good360•GreenChemistry&CommerceCouncil•InKindDirect•InternationalCenterforResearchonWomenAdvisors•InternationalOrganizationforMigration•IssaraInstitute•JapanClimateLeaders’Partnership•LeatherWorkingGroup•LoweringEmissionsbyAcceleratingForestfinanceCoalition•Nest•OpenApparelRegistry•PATH•Polaris•Public-PrivateAllianceforResponsibleMineralsTrade•RE-SourcePlatform•RenewableEnergyDemandEnhancementInitiative,India•ResilienceFundforWomeninGlobalValueChains•ResponsibleBusinessAlliance•ResponsibleLaborInitiative•ResponsibleMineralsInitiative•ResponsibleSourcingNetwork•Sedex•SolarPowerEurope•StolenYouth•SustainableApparelCoalition•SustainingCompetitiveandResponsibleEnterprises•Swasti•TechAgainstTrafficking•TextileExchange•TheCentreforChildRightsandBusiness•TheMaraPartners•TheNatureConservancy•TheRecyclingPartnership•Thorn•TruckersAgainstTrafficking•U.S.CottonTrustProtocol•UnitedStatesCouncilforInternationalBusiness•Unseen•WeMeanBusinessCoalition•WindEurope•WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment•WorldEconomicForum,1t.org2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix79InThisSectionSASBUNGPReportingFrameworkTCFDUNSDGsCarbonFootprintDataSupplierAssessmentsWorkforceDataDisclaimerandForward-LookingStatementsAppendix2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix80SustainabilityAccountingStandardsBoard(SASB)MetricCodeDisclosureHardwareInfrastructureEnergyandWaterManagement(1)Totalenergyconsumed,(2)percentagegridelectricity,(3)percentagerenewableCG-EC-130a.1In2021,Amazonconsumed30.88millionmegawatt-hoursofelectricityandreached85%renewableenergyacrossourbusiness.Readmoreaboutourpathtoachieving100%renewableenergyby2025onpages20–21.DiscussionoftheintegrationofenvironmentalconsiderationsintostrategicplanningfordatacenterneedsCG-EC-130a.3AWScarefullychoosesourdatacenterlocationstomitigateenvironmentalrisk,suchasflooding,extremeweather,andseismicactivity.WealsoleverageweatherdatafromtheAmazonSustainabilityDataInitiativetobetterassesstheimpactofweatheronAWSdatacenters.Readmoreabouthowweareinnovatingforsustainabilityinthecloudonpages35–38.DataPrivacyandAdvertisingStandardsDescriptionofpoliciesandpracticesrelatingtobehavioraladvertisinganduserprivacyCG-EC-220a.2Interest-basedadsaresometimesreferredtoaspersonalizedortargetedads.Weshowinterest-basedadstodisplayfeatures,products,andservices.Amazonoffersallcustomersthechoicetonotreceiveinterest-basedadsthroughAmazonAdvertisingPreferences.SeeInterest-BasedAds,Amazon.comPrivacyNotice,andAboutCookies.DataSecurityDescriptionofapproachtoidentifyingandaddressingdatasecurityrisksCG-EC-230a.1Wedesignoursystemswithcustomersecurityandprivacyinmind.Weworktoprotectthesecurityofpersonalinformationduringtransmissionbyusingencryptionprotocolsandsoftware.Wemaintainphysical,electronic,andproceduralsafeguardsinconnectionwiththecollection,storage,anddisclosureofpersonalcustomerinformation.Oursecurityproceduresmeanthatwemayoccasionallyrequestproofofidentitybeforewedisclosepersonalinformationtocustomers.Ourdevicesoffersecurityfeaturestoprotectthemagainstunauthorizedaccessandlossofdata.Userscancontrolthesefeaturesandconfigurethembasedontheirneeds.WefollowthePaymentCardIndustryDataSecurityStandardwhenhandlingcreditcarddata.SeeAmazon.comPrivacyNotice.Inaddition,AWSarchitectsournetwork,services,anddatacenterstoprotectAWScustomers’information,identities,applications,anddevices.SeeAWSCloudSecurityandAWSPrivacyNotice.SASBisanindependentstandardsboardthatisaccountableforthedueprocess,outcomes,andratificationoftheSASBStandards,whichseektoidentifyfinanciallymaterialsustainabilityinformation.ThetablebelowliststopicsclassifiedasapplicabletotheE-commerceindustry.ThistableincludesaselectionofmetricsfromthefullSASBindex.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix81MetricCodeDisclosureEmployeeRecruitment,Inclusion,andPerformanceEmployeeengagementasapercentageCG-EC-330a.1Connectionsisareal-time,companywideemployeefeedbackmechanism,designedtolistentoandlearnfromemployeesatscaletoimprovetheemployeeexperience.ConnectionsquestionsaredeliveredtoeveryAmazonemployeedailyacross55countriesandin26languages,generatingmorethan1.5millionresponseseachday.Readmoreaboutourapproachtoemployeeengagementonpages57–58.Percentageofgenderandracial/ethnicgrouprepresentationfor(1)management,(2)technicalstaff,and(3)allotheremployeesCG-EC-330a.3AsofDecember31,2021,amongpeoplemanagersglobally,30.8%identifyaswomenand69.2%identifyasmen.AmongpeoplemanagersintheU.S.,19.9%identifyasAsian,12%asBlack,10.9%asLatinx,3.3%asMultiracial,0.7%asNativeAmerican,and53.1%asWhite.AsofDecember31,2021,amongseniorleadersglobally,23.1%identifyaswomenand76.9%identifyasmen.AmongseniorleadersintheU.S.,21.5%identifyasAsian,5.5%asBlack,4.5%asLatinx,1.8%asMultiracial,0.2%asNativeAmerican,and66.4%asWhite.AsofDecember31,2021,amongallemployeesglobally,44.8%identifyaswomenand55.2%identifyasmen.AmongallemployeesintheU.S.,13.2%identifyasAsian,28.2%asBlack,23.6%asLatinx,3.3%asMultiracial,1.5%asNativeAmerican,and30.2%asWhite.Seeourworkforcedataonpages56and99.ProductPackagingandDistributionTotalgreenhousegas(GHG)footprintofproductshipmentsCG-EC-410a.1Seeourcarbonfootprintonpage97.SustainabilityAccountingStandardsBoard(SASB)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix82MetricCodeDisclosureDiscussionofstrategiestoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofproductdeliveryCG-EC-410a.2ShipmentZeroisourgoaltodeliver50%ofAmazonshipmentswithnet-zerocarbonby2030throughsustainableprocessimprovements,recycledmaterials,investmentsinvehicleelectrification,renewableenergyinitiatives,andmore.In2021,morethan100millionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsacrossEuropewithafleetofover3,000electricdeliveryvansandotherzero-emissionvehicles.Alsoin2021,morethanhalfamillionpackagesweredeliveredtoourcustomers’doorstepsinNorthAmericawithelectricvehicles(EVs).Approximately8%ofAmazonshipmentsweredeliveredtocustomersinNorthAmericaandEuropewithoutadditionalpackagingin2021.Todecarbonizeourtransportationnetwork,wearedeployingzero-emissionvehicles,usinglow-carbonfuels,investinginemergingtechnologies,andcollaboratingtoacceleratecross-sectorinnovation.In2019,weordered100,000customelectricdeliveryvehiclesfromRivianandthousandsmorefrommanufacturerssuchasStellantisandMahindraElectric.WestarteddeployingbatteryEVtrucksacrossourheavycommercialtruckingfleetsandbeganswitchingtovehiclesthatusealternativefuelsources,likecompressednaturalgastrucks.Micromobilitytechnologies,suchascargobikesandwalkers,areusedtodeliverpackagesinurbansettings.Readmoreabouthowwearedecarbonizingourtransportationonpages24–25.Toreinventandsimplifyoursustainablepackagingoptions,weuseascience-basedapproachthatcombineslabtesting,machinelearning,materialsscience,andmanufacturingpartnershipstoscalesustainablechangeacrossthepackagingsupplychain.Frustration-FreePackagingisourflagshipprogramtooffermore-sustainablepackagingthatiseasytoopen,fullyrecyclable,andcapableofshippingwithoutadditionalpackagingprotection.Since2015,wehavereducedper-shipmentpackagingweightby38%andeliminatedover1.5milliontonsofpackaging.Readmoreabouthowweareimprovingourpackagingonpages28–29.With274renewableenergyprojectsannouncedasoftheendof2021,Amazonistheworld’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergyandisonapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetof2030.Seeourpublicmethodologyformoreonourapproach.Asof2021,115ofourglobalfulfillmentfacilitiesarepoweredbyon-sitesolar,wherearooftopinstallationcanpowerupto80%ofthefacility’senergyuse.Readmoreaboutourinvestmentsinrenewableenergyonpages20–21.ActivityMetricsEntity-definedmeasureofuseractivityCG-EC-000.ATherearemorethan200millionpaidPrimemembersaroundtheworld.SustainabilityAccountingStandardsBoard(SASB)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix83UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFrameworkSectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksPolicyCommitmentA1Whatdoesthecompanysaypubliclyaboutitscommitmenttorespecthumanrights?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68);Governance(AdvocacyandPublicPolicy,page78))•2022ProxyStatement•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•OurPositions•SupplyChainStandardsManual•SupplyChainStandardsA1.1Howhasthepubliccommitmentbeendeveloped?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45))•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciplesA1.2Whosehumanrightsdoesthepubliccommitmentaddress?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68)•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•SupplyChainStandardsManual•SupplyChainStandardsA1.3Howisthepubliccommitmentdisseminated?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages39–73)•2022ProxyStatement•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•SupplyChainStandardsManual•SupplyChainStandardsTheUNGPReportingFrameworkprovidescomprehensiveguidanceforcompaniestoreportonhumanrightsissuesinlinewiththeirresponsibilitytorespecthumanrights.ThisisanindexofAmazon’spubliccontentrelatedtoeachsubsectionoftheUNGPReportingFrameworkandrepresentsinformationasofJune2022.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix84SectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksEmbeddingRespectA2Howdoesthecompanydemonstratetheimportanceitattachestotheimplementationofitshumanrightscommitment?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))•2022ProxyStatement•CorporateGovernanceDocumentsandCharters•SupplyChainStandardsManualA2.1Howisday-to-dayresponsibilityforhumanrightsperformanceorganizedwithinthecompany,andwhy?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))•CorporateGovernanceDocumentsandChartersA2.2WhatkindsofhumanrightsissuesarediscussedbyseniormanagementandbytheBoardandwhy?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45);Governance(CorporateGovernance,page75))•2022ProxyStatement•CorporateGovernanceDocumentsandChartersA2.3Howareemployeesandcontractworkersmadeawareofthewaysinwhichrespectforhumanrightsshouldinformtheirdecisionsandactions?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68)•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciplesA2.4Howdoesthecompanymakeclearinitsbusinessrelationshipstheimportanceitplacesonrespectforhumanrights?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))•SellerCentralPolicies•SupplyChainStandardsManual•SupplyChainStandardsA2.5Whatlessonshasthecompanylearnedduringthereportingperiodaboutachievingrespectforhumanrights,andwhathaschangedasaresult?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix85SectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksStatementofSalientIssuesB1Statementofsalienthumanrightsissuesassociatedwiththecompany’sactivitiesandbusinessrelationshipsduringthereportingperiod.•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45);Partnerships,page79)•2022ProxyStatement•AmazonFranceLogistiqueS.A.S.DutyofVigilancePlan2021•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciplesExplanationofSalientIssuesB2Describehowthesalienthumanrightsissuesweredetermined,includinganyinputfromstakeholders.•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68);Partnerships,page79)•AmazonFranceLogistiqueS.A.S.DutyofVigilancePlan2021GeographicalFocusB3Ifreportingonthesalienthumanrightsissuesfocusesonparticulargeographies,explainhowthatchoicewasmade.•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68))AdditionalSevereImpactsB4Identifyanysevereimpactsonhumanrightsthatoccurredorwerestillbeingaddressedduringthereportingperiod,butwhichfalloutsidethesalienthumanrightsissues,andexplainhowtheyhavebeenaddressed.•2021ModernSlaveryStatement(SeeModernSlaveryintheContextofCOVID-19,page14)•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)•AmazonFranceLogistiqueS.A.S.DutyofVigilancePlan2021•OurPositionsSpecificPoliciesC1Doesthecompanyhaveanyspecificpoliciesthataddressitssalienthumanrightsissues,andifso,whatarethey?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•OurPositions•SupplyChainStandardsManual•SupplyChainStandardsC1.1Howdoesthecompanymakecleartherelevanceandsignificanceofsuchpoliciestothosewhoneedtoimplementthem?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68)•SupplyChainStandardsManual(availablein11languages)•SupplyChainStandards(availablein18languages)UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix86SectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksStakeholderEngagementC2Whatisthecompany’sapproachtoengagementwithstakeholdersinrelationtoeachsalienthumanrightsissue?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68);Partnerships,page79)•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciplesC2.1Howdoesthecompanyidentifywhichstakeholderstoengagewithinrelationtoeachsalientissue,andwhenandhowtodoso?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68);Partnerships,page79)C2.2Duringthereportingperiod,whichstakeholdershasthecompanyengagedwithregardingeachsalientissue,andwhy?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68);Partnerships,page79);C2.3Duringthereportingperiod,howhavetheviewsofstakeholdersinfluencedthecompany’sunderstandingofeachsalientissueand/oritsapproachtoaddressingit?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68);Partnerships,page79)AssessingImpactsC3Howdoesthecompanyidentifyanychangesinthenatureofeachsalienthumanrightsissueovertime?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45;SupplyChain,pages61–68))C3.1Duringthereportingperiod,werethereanynotabletrendsorpatternsinimpactsrelatedtoasalientissue,andifso,whatwerethey?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)C3.2Duringthereportingperiod,didanysevereimpactsoccurthatwererelatedtoasalientissueand,ifso,whatwerethey?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix87SectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksIntegratingFindingsandTakingActionC4Howdoesthecompanyintegrateitsfindingsabouteachsalienthumanrightsissueintoitsdecision-makingprocessandactions?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68)•CorporateGovernanceDocumentsandCharters•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•SupplyChainStandardsManualC4.1Howarethosepartsofthecompanywhosedecisionsandactionscanaffectthemanagementofsalientissues,involvedinfindingandimplementingsolutions?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(HumanRights,pages41–45))•AmazonFranceLogistiqueS.A.S.DutyofVigilancePlan2021C4.2Whentensionsarisebetweenthepreventionormitigationofimpactsrelatedtoasalientissueandotherbusinessobjectives,howarethesetensionsaddressed?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68))•CorporateGovernanceDocumentsandCharters•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•SupplyChainStandardsManualC4.3Duringthereportingperiod,whatactionshasthecompanytakentopreventormitigatepotentialimpactsrelatedtoeachsalientissue?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68;Partnerships,page79)TrackingPerformanceC5Howdoesthecompanyknowifitseffortstoaddresseachsalienthumanrightsissueareeffectiveinpractice?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68))C5.1Whatspecificexamplesfromthereportingperiodillustrateifeachsalientissueisbeingmanagedeffectively?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68))UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix88SectionIndicator/QuestionReferencesandLinksRemediationC6Howdoesthecompanyenableeffectiveremedyifpeopleareharmedbyitsactionsordecisionsinrelationtothesalienthumanrightsissues?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68;Partnerships,page79)•AmazonFranceLogistiqueS.A.S.DutyofVigilancePlan2021•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples•SupplyChainStandardsC6.1Throughwhatmeanscanthecompanyreceivecomplaintsorconcernsrelatedtoeachsalientissue?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)•CodeofBusinessConductandEthics•GlobalHumanRightsPrinciples(SeeEmployeecommunication)•SupplyChainStandardsC6.2Howdoesthecompanyknowifpeoplefeelableandempoweredtoraisecomplaintsorconcerns?•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)C6.3Howdoesthecompanyprocesscomplaintsandassesstheeffectivenessofoutcomes?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages41–68;Partnerships,page79)•CodeofBusinessConductandEthicsC6.4Duringthereportingperiod,whatwerethetrendsandpatternsincomplaintsorconcernsandtheiroutcomesregardingeachsalientissue?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety,pages46–68)C6.5Duringthereportingperiod,didthecompanyprovideorenableremedyforanyactualimpactsrelatedtoasalientissueand,ifso,whataretypicalorsignificantexamples?•2021ModernSlaveryStatement•2021SustainabilityReport(SeeSociety(SupplyChain,pages61–68))UNGuidingPrinciples(UNGP)ReportingFramework2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix89Learnmoreaboutourcorporategovernance.TaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)OurApproachWeaimtoconsistentlydeliverprogressonourclimate-relatedperformance,whetherinourownoperationsorbyenablingmeaningfulchangebeyondourbusiness.Wetakeascience-based,customer-centricapproachtoclimate,usingastructuredlifecycleassessment(LCA)modeltomeasureandmapenvironmentalhotspotsacrossourvaluechain.Ourapproachtoquantifyingourcarbonfootprintreflectsthecomplexityofourbusiness.Ourteamofresearchersandscientistshascombinedcutting-edgeLCAscienceandAWStechnologytodeveloparobustsoftwaresolutionthatprocessesbillionsofoperationalandfinancialrecordsfromAmazon’soperationsacrosstheworldtocalculateourcarbonfootprint.Thesoftwareestimatescarbonemissionsforallactivitieswithinoursystemboundaryusingadollar-basedenvironmentalassessmentmodel,thenenhancestheaccuracyofcarbon-intensiveactivitieswithdetailed,process-basedLCAmodels.Wecategorizeclimaterisksandopportunitiesbyconsideringcustomerandstakeholderexpectations,regulations,businessrisks,industrybestpractices,andemergingtrends.Weembedavarietyofmechanismsacrossourbusinessoperationstoaddresssustainabilityissues,includingclimate-relatedrisks,andweintegratesustainabilitypracticesintooureverydayoperationsthroughgoal-setting,metrics,andleadershipreviews.GovernanceWehaveanestablishedgovernanceframeworktohelpensurethatrisksassociatedwithclimatechangeareconsideredatthemostseniorlevelsofourbusiness.•BoardOversight:TheNominatingandCorporateGovernanceCommitteeofAmazon’sBoardofDirectorsoverseesenvironmental,sustainability,andcorporatesocialresponsibilitypractices,andourcorporategovernancepoliciesandinitiatives.ThecommitteealsooverseesourprogressonTheClimatePledgeandrisksrelatedtoouroperations,supplychain,andcustomerengagement.•ManagementOversight:Amazon’sWorldwideSustainabilityteam,alongwithdedicatedteamsacrossthecompany,areworkingtomakeoperationalchangesthatreduceoreliminatecarboninourbusiness.Ourcompanywidecarbonaccountingmodelprovidesspecificoperationalmetricstobusinessteamsontheiremissionsandallowsthemtotrackprogressondecarbonization.WealsoholdquarterlybusinessreviewswithAmazonleadershipteamstotrackourprogress.Climate-relatedRisksandOpportunitiesWearecommittedtominimizingourcarbonemissionsbyoptimizingourtransportationnetworkandinvestinginelectricvehicles;improvingproductpackagingtodriveefficiencyinthedistributionofproducts;implementingenergyefficiencymeasuresinouroperations;usingrenewableenergytorunourbusiness;andsupportingglobalreforestation.WehavejoinednumerousindustrypartnershipsincludingCeres,AmericanCouncilonRenewableEnergy,AdvancedEnergyBuyersGroup,CarbonLeadershipForum,WeMeanBusinessCoalition,FirstMoversCoalition,andCleanEnergyBuyersAlliancetoexpresssupportforactiononclimatechangeandtoacceleratethetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy.MetricsandTargetsWehaveacomprehensiveunderstandingofthecarbonemissionsacrossourbusinessandhavedoneextensiveanalysistodevelopscience-basedtargets,strategies,andmetricstoreducethem.LearnmoreaboutthescienceandtechnologybehindourcarbonfootprintinourCarbonMethodology.Ourcarbonfootprint,includingScope1,Scope2,andScope3greenhousegasemissions,isavailableonpage97.Amazonco-foundedTheClimatePledge—acommitmenttobenet-zerocarbonacrossourbusinessby2040.Wehaveagoaltodeliver50%ofAmazonshipmentswithnet-zerocarbonby2030.Wearealsoonapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetof2030.Seeourpublicmethodologyformoreonourapproach.AspartofourcommitmenttoTheClimatePledge,weareproudtohavejoinedtheScienceBasedTargetsinitiative(SBTi)andareworkingtowardsettingscience-basedtargets.Thisreaffirmsourcommitmenttoreducecarbonemissionsinlinewithourongoingscience-basedapproachtotackleclimatechange.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix90Climate-relatedRisks:Wehaveidentifiedthefollowingclimate-relatedrisksbasedonTCFDrisktypesandclassifications.Physicalrisksareclassifiedaseither:1)Acute(extremeweatherevents)or2)Chronic(changingweatherpatternsandrisingmeantemperatureandsealevels).Transitionrisksareclassifiedasoneormoreofthefollowing:1)PolicyandLegal;2)Technology;3)Market;and4)Reputation.RiskTypeDescriptionClassificationPhysicalIncreasingriskoffloodordamagesduetoclimate-relatedeventscouldincreaseourphysicalandoperationalrisksandthecosttoinsureourbuildings.Repeateddamageduetofloodingcouldresultinaninabilitytoinsureexistingbuildings.AcuteWeather-relatedeventssuchashurricanescouldcauseassetdamagetoourbuildings,preventdeliveriestocustomers,andnegativelyimpactsales.AcuteExtremeandprolongedweathereventssuchasdroughtscouldimpactwateravailabilityfordatacenteroperations.AcuteWeather-relatedeventscouldimpactourabilitytoaccessrawmaterialsanddeliverfinalproducts.AcuteAwarmingclimatecouldincreasethermalstressandoutdoorassociateexposuretocriteriaairpollutants.Thesestressescouldnegativelyimpactthehealthofouremployees,closesites,anddelaycustomerdeliveries.ChronicAstemperaturesincreaseandwateravailabilitydecreases,wecouldexperiencerisingcostsfordatacentercooling.ChronicTransitionIncreasingregulationsandevolvingpublicpreferencemayrequireafastertransitiontoalow-carboneconomy,whichcouldincreaseoperatingcostsand/orreducedemandsforsomeproductsandservices.PolicyandLegal;Market;ReputationTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix91Climate-relatedOpportunities:Wehaveidentifiedthefollowingclimate-relatedopportunitiesbasedonTCFDclassifications.Opportunitiesareclassifiedasoneormoreofthefollowing:1)ResourceEfficiency;2)EnergySource;3)ProductsandServices;4)Markets;and5)Resilience.DescriptionClassificationTheClimatePledgeAmazonbecamethefirstcompanytosignTheClimatePledgeafterco-foundingtheinitiativewithGlobalOptimismin2019.Sincethen,morethan300businessesandorganizationshavesignedthePledge.Signatoriescommittoreachingnet-zerocarbonemissionsby2040andplayacriticalroleinstimulatinginvestmentinthedevelopmentoflow-carbonproductsandservices.Collectively,signatoriesgenerateover$3.5trillioninglobalannualrevenuesandhavemorethan8millionemployeesacross51industriesin29countries.ReadmoreaboutTheClimatePledgeonpages14–15.Markets;ProductsandServicesTheClimatePledgeFundTheClimatePledgeFundisa$2billionventureinvestmentprogramsupportingthedevelopmentofsustainabletechnologiesandservicesthatwillenableAmazontomeetournet-zerocarbongoal.Asoftheendof2021,Amazonhadinvestedin13companiesacrossmultipleindustrysectorssincelaunchingthisfundin2020.ReadmoreaboutourinvestmentsthroughTheClimatePledgeFundonpages16–17.ResourceEfficiency;EnergySource;ProductsandServicesNature-BasedSolutionsAmazoninvestsinnature-basedsolutionstomitigatecarbonemissionsoutsideofourvaluechainandsupplementthecarbon-reductioneffortswearedrivingacrossouroperations.In2019,wecreatedtheRightNowClimateFund,a$100millionfundfornature-basedsolutionstorestoreandconserveforests,wetlands,andgrasslandsaroundtheworld.In2021,AmazonhelpedtocreatetheLoweringEmissionsbyAcceleratingForestfinance(LEAF)Coalition,aglobalinitiativeofgovernmentsandleadingcompaniesthathasalreadymobilized$1billiontoprotecttheworld’stropicalrainforests.WealsopartneredwithTheNatureConservancytolaunchtheAgroforestryandRestorationAccelerator.Readmoreaboutourworktosupportnature-basedsolutionsonpages18–19.Resilience;ResourceEfficiencyTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix92DescriptionClassificationRenewableEnergyAmazonisonapathtopoweringouroperationswith100%renewableenergyby2025—fiveyearsaheadofouroriginaltargetof2030.Seeourpublicmethodologyformoreonourapproach..With274renewableenergyprojectsannouncedasoftheendof2021,Amazonistheworld’slargestcorporatepurchaserofrenewableenergy.In2021,wereached85%renewableenergyacrossourbusiness,withmorethan12gigawattsofrenewableenergyproductioncapacityacrossourglobalportfolio.Oncetheseprojectsarefullyoperational,theyareexpectedtodeliverupto33,700gigawatt-hoursofenergyannually—theelectricityoutputequivalenttopoweringmorethan3millionU.S.homesforoneyear.In2021,weexpandedourrenewableenergyfootprintintonewgeographies,andbytheendoftheyear,announcedrenewableenergyprojectsacross18countries.OurfirstsolarprojectsinSouthAfricaandtheUnitedArabEmiratescameonlineandweannouncednewprojectsinlocationsincludingSingapore,Japan,Australia,andChina.OurprojectsinSouthAfricaandJapanarethefirstcorporate-backed,utility-scalesolarfarmsinthesecountries.Readmoreaboutourinvestmentsinrenewableenergyonpages20–21.EnergySource;ResilienceOurBuildingsAmazonisworkingtoreducethecarbonemissionsassociatedwithourbuildings,fromthecarbonembodiedinconstructionmaterialstotheoperationalemissionsfrompoweringouractivities.Weleverageindustrybestpracticesandemergingtechnologiesinfacilitydesignandoperationtodrivereductionsacrosscarbon,energy,water,andwaste.In2021,weunveiledourlatestplansforsustainabledesignenhancementsatPenPlace,thesecondphaseofourHQ2developmentinVirginia.Fromthestart,sustainabilityhasbeenakeyelementofourHQ2campus,withcommitmentstouse100%renewableenergy,reduceembodiedcarbonfromconstruction,andachieveLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED)Platinumcertification,thehighestsustainabilitycertificationforadevelopmentissuedbytheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil.Inearly2022,ourAmazonFreshlocationinSeattle,Washington,becametheworld’sfirstgrocerystoretopursueZeroCarbonCertificationfromtheInternationalLivingFutureInstitute.Readmoreabouthowweincorporatesustainabilityintoourbuildingsonpages22–23.ResourceEfficiency;EnergySource;ResilienceTransportationDecarbonizingourtransportationnetworkisakeypartofmeetingTheClimatePledgeby2040andmaking50%ofshipmentsnet-zerocarbonby2030,whichiswhyweareactivelytransformingourfleetnetworkandoperations.Wearedeployingzero-emissionvehicles,usinglow-carbonfuels,investinginemergingtechnologies,andcollaboratingwithotherstoacceleratecross-sectorinnovation.In2019,weordered100,000customelectricdeliveryvehiclesfromRivianandthousandsmorefromglobalmanufacturerssuchasStellantisandMahindraElectric.In2021,morethan100millionpackagesweredeliveredtocustomers’doorstepsacrossEuropewithafleetofover3,000electricdeliveryvansandotherzero-emissionvehicles.Alsoin2021,morethanhalfamillionpackagesweredeliveredtocustomers’doorstepsinNorthAmericawithelectricvehicles(EVs).WealsostarteddeployingbatteryEVtrucksacrossourheavycommercialtruckingfleetsandbeganswitchingtovehiclesthatusealternativefuelsources,likecompressednaturalgastrucks.Micromobilitytechnologies,suchascargobikesandwalkers,areusedtodeliverpackagesinurbansettings.In2021,wehelpedlaunchCargoOwnersforZeroEmissionVesselsandbecameafoundingprivatesectormemberoftheFirstMoversCoalitiontoleaddecarbonizationofthemaritimeshippingindustry.Readmoreabouthowwearedecarbonizingourtransportationnetworkonpages24–25.ResourceEfficiency;EnergySourceTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix93DescriptionClassificationWasteandRecyclingAmazonisworkingtosendlessmaterialtolandfillsandmorebackintothecirculareconomyloopbydevelopingwaste-preventionand-reuseprogramswithinourownoperationsandforourcustomers.ThroughAmazonSecondChance,weoffercustomersaccesstoarangeofservicestorecycle,repair,ortradeintheiritems,aswellasshopforlike-newandrefurbishedproducts.Atourglobalfulfillmentcenters,weusesoftwaretoidentifyandsorteligibleitemsthatarefitfordonation.WepartnerwithlocalcommunityorganizationstocollecttheseitemsfromAmazonfacilitiesanddistributethemtopeopleinneed.Since2019,Amazonhascontributedmorethan100millionproductstoourglobalcharitypartnersinNorthAmerica,Europe,Australia,andJapan.Weworkwiththird-partyrecyclinghaulerstoremoveexcesscorrugatedboardfromourfacilitiesforoff-siterecycling.ManyofthesehaulersalsosupplyAmazonwiththepackagingmaterialsthatweuseforcustomershipments,convertingwastematerialrecoveredfromAmazonoperationsintonew,recycledpackaging.Forplasticfilm,whichisnotcommonlyacceptedthroughmunicipalrecyclingprograms,wehavedevelopedon-siterecyclingsystemsthatenableustoconvertplasticfilmintobagsmadeof100%recycledmaterial.Weincorporaterecycledplastics,fabrics,andmetalsintomanynewAmazondevices,givingnewlifetomaterialsthatcouldhaveotherwiseendedupinwastestreams.In2021,welaunchedseveralEcho,FireTV,FireTablet,Kindle,andSmartHomedevicesandaccessoriesthatincludeupto60%recycledmoldedplastic,upto100%recycledfabrics,upto100%recycledaluminum,andupto70%recycledmagnesium,dependingontheproduct.Readmoreabouthowwearereducingwasteandimprovingrecyclingonpages26–27.ResourceEfficiency;ProductsandServicesPackagingWeworktoreinventandsimplifyoursustainablepackagingoptionsusingascience-basedapproachthatcombineslabtesting,machinelearning,materialsscience,andmanufacturingpartnershipstoscalesustainablechangeacrossthepackagingsupplychain.Frustration-FreePackaging(FFP)isourflagshipprogramtooffermore-sustainablepackagingthatiseasytoopen,fullyrecyclable,andcapableofshippingwithoutadditionalpackagingprotection.Bytheendof2021,morethan2millionproductsqualifiedunderourFFPprograms.Since2015,wehavereducedper-shipmentpackagingweightby38%andeliminatedover1.5milliontonsofpackaging.Readmoreabouthowweareimprovingourpackagingonpages28–29.ResourceEfficiency;ProductsandServicesProductSustainabilityAspartofourmissiontobeEarth’smostcustomer-centriccompany,wearegivingcustomersaccesstoproductsthataremoresustainable.ThisincludesbothourAmazon-brandedproductsandthethird-partyitemsweofferthatfeaturesustainabilitycertificationsthroughourClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram.SincewelaunchedClimatePledgeFriendlyin2020,thenumberofproductsincludedintheprogramhasgrownfrom75,000tomorethan250,000.In2021,morethan370millionClimatePledgeFriendlyunitswereshippedtoAmazoncustomers,andwewelcomed20newthird-partysustainabilitycertificationstotheprogram.Inearly2022,welaunchedAmazonAware,anewlineofeverydayessentialitems,allwiththird-partycertificationsfeaturedinourClimatePledgeFriendlyprogram.Inadditiontoofferingmore-sustainablechoices,wewantourAmazonPrivateBrandstosupportresponsiblesupplychainsandcontributetogrowingcirculareconomies.Weareworkingtoenhancethecertificationandtraceabilityofkeyrawmaterialsandingredientsinourconsumableproducts.Weparticipateinindustrypartnershipsandworkinggroupsthatdrivegreateradoptionofsustainableandresponsiblepractices.Additionally,weareincreasingtheamountofrecycledfiberusedinmanyofourAmazonPrivateBrandsapparelproducts.Readmoreaboutourcommitmenttoproductsustainabilityonpages30–34.ResourceEfficiency;ProductsandServicesTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix94DescriptionClassificationSustainabilityintheCloudAstheworld’smostcomprehensiveandbroadlyadoptedcloudoffering,wearedesigningdatacentersthatprovidetheefficient,resilientserviceourcustomersexpectwhileminimizingourenvironmentalfootprint—andtheirs.Wefocusonefficiencyacrossallaspectsofourinfrastructure,fromthedesignofourdatacentersandhardwaretomodelingtheperformanceofouroperationsforcontinualefficiencyenhancements.Wealsoofferacustomercarbonfootprinttoolthatusessimplevisualizationstoshowcustomerstheirhistoricalcarbonemissions,evaluaterelatedtrendsastheiruseofAWSevolves,estimateemissionsavoidedthroughAWScomparedwithon-premisesdatacenters,andreviewforecastedemissionsbasedontheircurrentuse.ReadmoreaboutAWSonpages35–38.ResourceEfficiency;ProductsandServicesWaterStewardshipOurholisticapproachtowaterstewardshipminimizesbothenergyandwaterconsumptioninourdatacenteroperationsandguidesourwaterusestrategyforeachAWSRegion.Thisstartswithevaluatingclimatepatterns,localwatermanagementandavailability,andopportunitiestoavoidusingpotablewatersourceswheneverpossible.Wearecommittedtoconservingandreusingwater,bothinouron-siteoperationsandbyworkingwithprivateandpublicentitiestosupportwateravailabilityincommunitieswhereweoperatedatacenters.Readmoreaboutourapproachtowaterstewardshiponpage37.ResourceEfficiencyAmazonSustainabilityDataInitiative(ASDI)ASDIhelpsresearchers,scientists,andinnovatorsaroundtheworldadvancetheirworkonsustainability-relatedresearch.Theprogramprovidespubliclyavailable,freeaccesstoimportantscientificdatathatcanotherwisebehardforresearcherstoaccessoranalyze.ASDIworkswithscientificorganizationsliketheU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,NASA,theUKMetOffice,andtheQueenslandgovernmenttoidentify,host,anddeploykeydatasetsontheAWSCloud,includingweatherobservations,weatherforecasts,climateprojectiondata,satelliteimagery,hydrologicaldata,airqualitydata,andoceanforecastdata.ReadmoreaboutASDIonpage38.ProductsandServicesTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix95UNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsTheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs)areacollectionof17globalgoalssetbytheUNGeneralAssemblytoprovideasharedblueprintforpeaceandprosperityforpeopleandtheplanet,nowandintothefuture.AtAmazon,therearemultiplewaysoursustainabilityworkalignswiththeseglobalgoals.ThefollowingshowshowourprogramscorrespondtotheUNSDGs.BuildingsandTransportationRenewableEnergyWasteandPackagingProductSustainabilitySustainabilityintheCloudEmployeeBenefitsDiversity,Equity,andInclusionSupplyChainCommunitiesPartnerships2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix96CarbonIntensity201920202021YOY%CarbonIntensity(gramsofCO₂eper$ofGMS)122.8102.7100.8-1.9%EmissionsCategory(mmtCO₂e)201920202021YOY%EmissionsfromDirectOperations(Scope1)5.769.6212.1126%Fossilfuels5.579.3711.8927%Refrigerants0.190.250.22-12%EmissionsfromPurchasedElectricity(Scope2)5.505.274.07-23%EmissionsfromIndirectSources(Scope3)39.9145.7555.3621%CorporatepurchasesandAmazon-brandedproductemissions(e.g.,operatingexpenses,businesstravel,andAmazon-brandedproductmanufacturing,usephase,andend-of-life)15.4116.7019.0914%Capitalgoods(e.g.,buildingconstruction,serversandotherhardware,equipment,vehicles)8.0110.5215.3746%Otherindirectemissions(e.g.,third-partytransportation,packaging,upstreamenergy-related)12.4415.7718.0014%LifecycleemissionsfromcustomertripstoAmazon’sphysicalstores4.052.772.915%Amazon’sTotalFootprint51.1760.6471.5418%mmt=Millionmetrictons;CO2e=Carbondioxideequivalent;GMS=GrossmerchandisesalesCarbonFootprintDataAmazon’sEnterprisewideCarbonFootprint,2019–20212021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix97201920202021LaborFreedomofAssociation<1%<1%<1%FreelyChosenEmployment3.2%8%4.4%HumaneTreatment<1%1.4%<1%Nondiscrimination<1%1%<1%SubcontractorandNext-TierSupplierResponsibility<1%<1%<1%WagesandBenefits40.7%47%40.6%WorkerGrievance/ComplaintMechanism<1%<1%<1%WorkingHours7.9%5.7%5.0%YoungWorkers<1%<1%<1%EthicalBehaviorBusinessIntegrity2.3%2.9%1.7%Transparency2.9%1.7%2.7%EnvironmentHazardousSubstances<1%<1%<1%PollutionManagementandPrevention<1%3%<1%HealthandSafetyEmergencyPreparednessandResponse10.5%12.9%7.8%IndustrialHygiene9.5%16.2%13.6%MachineSafeguarding<1%<1%<1%Sanitation,Dormitory,andCanteen2.3%1.8%1.3%SupplierAssessmentsHigh-andMedium-LevelFindingsbySubcategory,2019–2021(%ofallassessmentfindings)2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix98GlobalU.S.U.S.Race/EthnicitySeniorLeaders(Level8+)20192020202179.6%Men77.9%Men23.1%Women76.9%Men20.4%Women21.2%Women20192020202178.9%Men77.2%Men76.0%Men21.1%Women22.8%Women24.0%Women20192020202119.8%Asian73.9%White1.4%Multiracial0.1%NativeAmerican20.0%Asian70.7%White1.4%Multiracial0.2%NativeAmerican21.5%Asian66.4%White1.8%Multiracial2.9%Latinx3.9%Latinx4.5%Latinx1.9%Black3.8%Black5.5%Black0.2%NativeAmerican2021GlobalU.S.U.S.Race/EthnicityFieldandCustomerSupport(Level1–Level3)20192020202147.7%Women52.3%Men48.5%Women51.5%Men48.3%Women51.7%Men20192020202150.6%Women49.4%Men50.5%Women49.5%Men50.3%Women49.7%MenCorporateEmployees(Level4–Level7)GlobalU.S.U.S.Race/Ethnicity20192020202130.1%Women69.9%Men31.4%Women68.6%Men32.8%Women67.2%Men20192020202130.0%Women70.0%Men31.4%Women68.6%Men32.7%Women67.3%Men20192020202136.2%Asian48.4%White2.9%Multiracial0.5%NativeAmerican34.8%Asian47.0%White3.0%Multiracial0.5%NativeAmerican34.4%Asian44.6%White3.2%Multiracial6.6%Latinx7.5%Latinx8.7%Latinx5.4%Black7.2%Black8.5%Black0.6%NativeAmerican202120192020202122.6%Latinx8.6%Asian29.9%White33.5%Black3.9%Multiracial1.6%NativeAmerican26.4%Latinx8.7%Asian28.5%White31.0%Black3.7%Multiracial1.7%NativeAmerican27.2%Latinx8.2%Asian26.7%White32.9%Black3.3%Multiracial1.7%NativeAmerican2021OurWorkforceData2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix99DisclaimerandForward-LookingStatementsTheinformationandopinionscontainedinthisreportareprovidedasofthedateofthisreportandaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Amazondoesnotundertaketoupdateorreviseanysuchstatements.ThisreportrepresentscurrentAmazonpolicyandintentandisnotintendedtocreatelegalrightsorobligations.Thisreportmaycontainorincorporatebyreferencepublicinformationnotseparatelyreviewed,approved,orendorsedbyAmazon,andnorepresentation,warranty,orundertakingismadebyAmazonastotheaccuracy,reasonableness,orcompletenessofsuchinformation.InclusionofinformationinthisreportisnotanindicationthatthesubjectorinformationismaterialtoAmazon’sbusinessoroperatingresults.ThisreportwasoriginallydraftedinEnglishandthentranslatedintootherlanguages.TheEnglishversionistheauthoritativeversion.Thisreportincludesforward-lookingstatementswithinthemeaningofthePrivateSecuritiesLitigationReformActof1995.Allstatementsotherthanstatementsofhistoricalorcurrentfacts,includingstatementsregardingourplans,initiatives,projections,goals,commitments,expectations,orprospects,areforward-looking.Weusewordssuchasaim,believe,commit,drive,estimate,ensure,expect,goal,intend,may,mission,plan,project,seek,strategy,strive,target,andwillorsimilarexpressionstoidentifyforward-lookingstatements.Forward-lookingstatementsreflectmanagement’scurrentexpectationsandinherentlyinvolverisksanduncertainties.Actualresultscoulddiffermateriallyduetoavarietyoffactors,includingassumptionsnotbeingrealized,scientificortechnologicaldevelopments,evolvingsustainabilitystrategies,changesincarbonmarkets,evolvinggovernmentregulations,ourexpansionintonewproducts,services,technologies,andgeographicregions,orotherchangesincircumstances,aswellasthefactorssetforthinthe“RiskFactors”sectionofAmazon’smostrecentAnnualReportonForm10-Kandsubsequentfilings.Thestandardsofmeasurementandperformancecontainedinthereportaredevelopingandbasedonassumptions,andnoassurancecanbegiventhatanyplan,initiative,projection,goal,commitment,expectation,orprospectsetforthinthisreportcanorwillbeachieved.2021SustainabilityReportIntroductionIEnvironmentISocietyIGovernanceIAppendix100

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