《bp世界能源统计年鉴》2021第70版专注世界能源数据70年目录引言1集团首席执行官致辞22020年概览3集团首席经济学家分析一次能源10消费量11分燃料消费量13人均消费量CO2碳15二氧化碳排放量石油16储量18产量22消费量28价格30炼油32贸易流向天然气34储量36产量38消费量41价格42贸易流向煤炭46储量48产量49消费量51价格与贸易流向核能52消费量水电53消费量可再生能源55可再生能源消费量56可再生能源发电量57分种类发电量58太阳能发电量59风力发电量60生物燃料产量61生物燃料消费量电力63发电量65分燃料发电量重要矿产66产量67储量67价格附录68近似换算系数69定义69更多信息更多在线资源请访问bp.com/statisticalreview,在线获取纸质版统计年鉴的所有图表及补充资源，包括：绘图工具：根据能源类型、地区、国家和年份查看预制报告或利用相关数据制图。自1965年以来各市场领域的历史数据，覆盖更多国家和地区的所有消费量图表。关于成品油需求、天然气、煤炭、水电、核能、可再生能源的其他数据。PDF和PPT格式的图表、地图和图解包，以及Excel工作簿格式和数据库格式的数据。下载“bp世界能源”应用在平板电脑和手机上深入探索了解能源世界。自制图表并进行计算，在线和离线状态下均可查看数据。苹果应用商城或谷歌Play商店均可免费下载。For66years,theBPStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergyhasprovidedhigh-qualityobjectiveandgloballyconsistentdataonworldenergymarkets.Thereviewisoneofthemostwidelyrespectedandauthoritativepublicationsinthefieldofenergyeconomics,usedforreferencebythemedia,academia,worldgovernmentsandenergycompanies.AneweditionispublishedeveryJune.DiscovermoreonlineAllthetablesandchartsfoundinthelatestprintededitionareavailableatbp.com/statisticalreviewplusanumberofextras,including:•Theenergychartingtool–viewpredeterminedreportsorchartspecificdataaccordingtoenergytype,region,countryandyear.•Historicaldatafrom1965formanysections.•Additionaldataforrefinedoilproductiondemand,naturalgas,coal,hydroelectricity,nuclearenergyandrenewables.•PDFversionsandPowerPointslidepacksofthecharts,mapsandgraphs,plusanExcelworkbookofthedata.•Regionalandcountryfactsheets.•Videosandspeeches.EnergyOutlookWatchtheBPEnergyOutlook2017video,containingourprojectionsoflong-termenergytrendsto2035.Downloadthebookletandpresentationmaterialsatbp.com/energyoutlookJointheconversation#BPstatsDownloadtheBPWorldEnergyappExploretheworldofenergyfromyourtabletorsmartphone.Customizechartsandperformthecalculations.Reviewthedataonlineandoffline.DownloadtheappforfreefromtheAppleAppStoreandGoogleplaystore.1bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）集团首席执行官致辞样是1945年以来的最大降幅。尽管去年碳排放量的下降在现代和平时期史无前例，但也只相当于未来30年全球实现《巴黎协定》目标所需的年均下降水平。不只是绿色，还需要绿色转型种种令人担忧的迹象表明，随着全球经济复苏、各国解除封锁，去年因疫情而实现的碳排放量减少将只是短暂性的。当前所面临的难题是，如何在不严重干扰我们生计和日常生活的前提下，实现持续的、有相当规模的年同比减排。自2015年巴黎第21届缔约方大会（COP21）以来，各国大幅上调碳减排远景目标。目前，全球各类净零排放目标与相关承诺合计约占全球碳减排量的70%。然而，高涨的雄心壮志尚未转化为排放量的决定性减少。应对这一挑战的下一个重要事件，是今年晚些时候在苏格兰格拉斯哥举行的第26届缔约方大会（COP26）。可以说这是自巴黎大会以来最重要的联合国气候变化会议。我希望，未来数年我们在谈到《格拉斯哥协定》时，能抱着对待《巴黎协定》目标同等的重视与敬意。我深信，像bp这样有“净零”排放远景、协调一致的规划以及短期与中长期目标且致力于“绿色转型”的企业，将会为实现《巴黎协定》目标发挥极为重要的作用。的确，世界需要更多低碳企业。但是，或许最为重要的是，现有能源企业需要降低碳排放，并在此过程中利用其规模和专业技术，助力全球能源系统完成深度、复杂的改造与重构。这是未来30年全球对能源行业的期望与需求。为此，生产者、消费者，以及企业、政府乃至全社会应通力合作，实施必要的变革。《bp世界能源统计年鉴》100周年再过30年，《bp世界能源统计年鉴》将会在迎来100周年之际报告和分析2050年能源发展状况，这一年也将是实现众多净零排放规划和目标的一年。30年后，我们的后辈将会回顾哪些事件和发展进程？全球是否会为降低气候变化影响做出足够迅速和果断的反应？bp正致力于发挥应有的作用。希望今年的《年鉴》能够对实施类似转型的各位有所助益。若非全球各国政府与统计机构每年提供官方数据，坚持与我们合作并一贯保持透明，若非bp团队设法让人们能够轻松访问和使用《年鉴》数据，今年的《年鉴》将无从谈起。因此，我要向你们表示衷心感谢！如往年一样，戴思攀先生及其团队欢迎您提出任何反馈意见。陆博纳（BernardLooney）首席执行官2021年7月2020年，疫情彻底颠覆了我们的日常生活，人们将永远铭记这一年。首先，这是一场人类悲剧。本文撰写期间，约400万人因新冠肺炎死亡。几乎可以肯定的是，真实数字还要高得多，而且还在持续攀升。这场疫情，加上为遏制疫情所采取的各项措施，引发了现代和平时期最大的衰退。如此巨大的损失，则主要由全球最贫穷和最不发达国家的人们承受。而疫情造成的经济创伤可能还会持续数年。当然，疫情和随之而来的经济动荡，也蔓延至全球能源市场，造成了史无前例的波动与破坏。致力于‘绿色转型’的企业，将对实现《巴黎协定》目标发挥极为重要的作用。本年度《bp世界能源统计年鉴》（第70版），为各方提供了客观且及时的数据，让我们能够切实了解到过去70年里最动荡、对能源市场造成巨大影响的事件。2020年能源市场回顾2020年全球能源需求约下降4.5%。这是自二战结束以来最为严重的衰退，原因是全球各地实施的封锁政策导致运输相关的需求锐减，石油需求空前崩盘。石油消费量的下降约占能源需求下降总量的四分之三。天然气表现出较大韧性，主要得益于中国的持续强劲增长。尽管2020年形势动荡，但以风能、太阳能为主的可再生能源仍实现大幅增长。值得注意的是，去年风能和太阳能装机容量大幅增长238吉瓦——比往年峰值高出50%。同样，风能和太阳能发电量在全球电力结构中的占比也创下新高。可再生能源相对未受去年各种事件的影响，令人欣慰。能源使用产生的碳排放量也有惊人的减少。2020年排放量减少6%以上，同2bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）能源发展状况2020年一次能源消费减少4.5%，为1945年以来的最大降幅。石油是能源消费减少的主要因素，约占净减少量的四分之三；天然气和煤炭消费也明显减少。尽管总体能源需求下降，风电、太阳能和水力发电量均有所增加。从各国情况来看，美国、印度和俄罗斯的能源消费降幅最大。中国增幅最大（2.1%），是去年全球能源需求增加的少数国家之一。碳排放因能源使用而产生的碳排放量减少6.3%，达到2011年以来的最低水平。就一次能源而言，这也是二战结束以来的最大降幅。石油2020年平均石油价格（即期布伦特现货价）为41.84美元/桶，为2004年以来的最低价。石油消费量创纪录地减少了910万桶/天（b/d），降幅9.3%，为2011年以来的最低消费量。美国的石油需求降幅最大（减少230万桶/天），欧盟（减少150万桶/天）和印度（减少48万桶/天）紧随其后。实际上，中国是唯一的石油消费增长的国家（22万桶/天）。全球石油产量减少660万桶/天，其中石油输出国组织（OPEC）占降幅的三分之二。利比亚（减少92万桶/天）和沙特阿拉伯（减少79万桶/天）是石油输出国组织成员国中石油产量降幅最大的国家；同时，在非石油输出国组织成员国中，俄罗斯（减少100万桶/天）和美国（减少60万桶/天）降幅最大。炼厂开工率创纪录地下降8.0个百分点，降至74.1%，是1985年以来的最低水平。天然气天然气价格跌至多年低点：2020年美国亨利枢纽（HenryHub）平均价格是1.99美元/百万英热单位，是1995年以来的最低价格；亚洲液化天然气价格（日韩基准）亦创下历史新低，为4.39美元/百万英热单位。天然气消费量减少810亿立方米，降幅2.3%。尽管如此，天然气在一次能源中的占比仍持续上升，创下24.7%的历史新高。俄罗斯（减少330亿立方米）和美国（减少170亿立方米）是2020年天然气需求降幅最大的国家，而中国（220亿立方米）和伊朗（100亿立方米）增幅最大。管道气交易量减少540亿立方米（10.9%），导致跨区域天然气交易量下降5.3%。液化天然气供应量增加40亿立方米，增幅0.6%，远低于过去10年6.8%的平均增速。其中，美国液化天然气供应量增加140亿立方米（29%），但其他大部分地区供应量减少（尤其是欧洲和非洲）部分抵消了全球增长总量。煤炭煤炭消费减少6.2艾焦（EJ），降幅4.2%，其中，美国（减少2.1艾焦）和印度（减少1.1艾焦）降幅最大，经合组织（OECD）的煤炭消费则下降至1965年有数据记录以来的最低水平。中国和马来西亚是两个明显的例外，两国的煤消费量分别增加0.5艾焦和0.2艾焦。全球煤炭产量减少8.3艾焦（下降5.2%）。就消费量而言，中国的产能增加（1.1艾焦）被美国（减少3.6艾焦）、印度尼西亚（减少1.3艾焦）和哥伦比亚（减少1.0艾焦）等几个国家的大幅减少所抵消。可再生能源、水电和核电可再生能源（包括生物燃料，但不包括水电）增长9.7%，增幅低于过去10年平均水平（平均每年13.4%），但是能源增量（2.9艾焦）同2017、2018和2019年相似。太阳能发电创纪录地增长1.3艾焦（20%），在可再生能源增长量中，风能增幅（1.5艾焦）占比最大。太阳能发电装机容量增长127吉瓦（GW）；风能容量增长111吉瓦，几乎是往年最大增幅的两倍。中国是可再生能源增幅最大的国家（1.0艾焦），其次是美国（0.4艾焦）。欧洲作为一个地区，整体增长0.7艾焦。水电增长1.0%，其中中国增长量最大（0.4艾焦）。核电下降4.1%，其中法国（减少0.4艾焦）、美国（减少0.2艾焦）和日本（减少0.2艾焦）降幅最大。电力全球发电量下降0.9%，超过2009年的降幅（下降0.5%），这是有数据记录（始于1985年）以来电力需求下降的唯一年份。可再生能源发电量的占比从10.3%增加到11.7%，同时，煤炭发电占比下降1.3个百分点，降至35.1%，是bp记录的数据新低。重要矿产由于澳大利亚产能下降，全球锂产量下降4.6%。刚果民主共和国的钴产量在2019年有所下降，但随着该国产能的部分恢复，2020年钴产量增长2.9%。受澳大利亚和美国强劲增长的影响，稀土金属产量增长23.2%。新冠疫情对能源市场产生巨大影响，一次能源和碳排放的减少速度创二战以来的新高。尽管如此，可再生能源需求持续增加，其中太阳能增长创历史纪录。全球一次能源消费量和碳排放量分别下降4.5%和6.3%为1945年以来的最大降幅。2020年概览3bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）对于全球能源系统而言，肆虐的疫情加上为缓解疫情影响所采取的各种措施，引发了现代和平时期空前的状况与后果。在能源行业，2020是史无前例的一年。本分析报告旨在利用新版《年鉴》的数据，聚焦三大关键问题，设法阐述此类状况。首先，过去一年里，我们每天都淹没在有关各种空前形势与波动的头条新闻中。抛开一切喧嚣，仔细想想：去年能源界究竟发生了什么？所发生的状况有多出乎意料？其次，全球流行病是所有压力测试之最。工程师们会告诉你，我们能够从系统在极端压力下的行为中汲取大量经验教训。那么，我们又从全球能源系统对新冠危机的反应中学到了什么？最后，这一切均是在社会和政治方面要求加快向净零能源系统转型的背景下发生的。事实上，原定于去年在苏格兰格拉斯哥举办的第26届缔约方大会（可以说是自巴黎大会以来最重要的联合国气候会议），但会议因疫情原因不得不推迟到2021年11月。那么，在准备格拉斯哥大会的过程中，我们能够从过去一年（更广泛地说，从巴黎大会之后出现的种种趋势）吸取哪些教训并将其用于应对今年大会所面临的种种挑战与机遇？2020年的能源市场：形势如何？有多出乎意料？首先来看看去年实际上发生了什么，以及有多出人意料？其中一些主要数据相当引人注目。据估算，世界能源需求下降4.5%，全球能源使用造成的碳排放量则下降6.3%。按照历史标准来看，此降幅巨大，是二战以来能源需求和碳排放量的最大降幅。事实上，二氧化碳排放量减少20亿吨以上，这意味着去年的碳排放量已回归2011年的水平。同样令人震惊的是，能源结构的碳强度（即使用每单位能源的平均碳排放量）下降了1.8%，也是战后最大降幅之一。2020年能源格局：新冠病毒元年今年是《bp世界能源统计年鉴》诞生70周年，对此，我们倍感自豪。自1952年首次发布以来，《bp世界能源统计年鉴》一直是客观、全面的数据与分析结果来源。最重要的是，它可以提供值得信赖的数据，帮助行业、政府和评论人士了解全球能源市场的发展趋势。在过去70年时间里，《年鉴》深入探讨了全球能源系统历史上一些最引人注目的事件，包括1956年的苏伊士运河危机、1973年的石油禁运、紧随其后的1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命以及最近的2011年福岛核事故。这些均为全球能源行业极具动荡性的事件，但与去年的形势对比却相形见绌。最重要的是，去年席卷全球的新冠肺炎疫情，实属一场人道主义悲剧。据报道，截至7月初，全球近400万人死于新冠。真实数字可能要高得多，且还在持续攀升。疫情也导致了巨大的经济损失。据估计，去年全球GDP下降3.5%以上，是大萧条以来和平时期最大的衰退。据国际货币基金组织（IMF）估计，全球约1亿人因新冠病毒陷入贫困。疫情对经济造成的创伤，尤其是对全球最贫穷和最不发达经济体造成的冲击，预计在病毒得到控制后仍将持续多年。新冠病毒还将长期以各种不同形态存在。集团首席经济学家分析减少21亿吨碳排放量减少，使得二氧化碳排放量降至2011年以来的最低水平04-42-26预测的能源消费一次能源消费20002004200220062008201020122014201620182020全球能源需求量：实际与预测-6年度变化（%）年度变化1940507080900010602020-5%-10%5%0%10%-20%15%-15%全球能源需求量与碳排放量一次能源消费能源使用产生的二氧化碳排放年度变化1940507080900010602020-5%-10%5%0%10%-20%15%-15%4bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）能源需求增长图中的黄色竖条，采用了类似的建模方法来预测各类能源可能出现的需求波动。如图所示，2020年石油消费量的下降，远大于根据过往比例计算出的预期幅度。预测和实际的石油需求降幅之间的差异，远大于需求增长图中其他所有类型的能源。天然气需求的下降与模型所预测的结果基本一致，而电力消费量的实际降幅低于预测值。其实，如果你喜欢从统计数据的角度来思考，那么唯一在统计上显著的预测失误，发生在能源总需求和石油需求上。出乎意料的能源总需求量，完全可以用大于预期的石油需求降幅来解释。当然，对于去年经历过长期封锁的人们来说，这也并不意外。各国封锁政策以一种迥异于正常经济衰退的方式导致石油需求下降，抑制了与运输相关的需求。出行方面的指标全面下降。根据估算，由于全球大部分地区的客机均已停飞，航空煤油的使用量下降了40%（减少320万桶/天）。我们该如何看待这样的减少？对比以往，能源需求量和碳排放量显然急剧减少。但展望未来，去年碳排放量减速只是勉强达到未来30年全球实现《巴黎协定》气候目标所需的年均减速。具体来说，如果未来30年碳排放量的平均减速与去年一样，到2050年全球碳排放量将减少85%左右。你若熟读过最新的《bp世界能源展望》，便知道这大致介于快速转型情景和净零情景之间，即大致满足全球升温分别保持在远低于2˚C和低于1.5˚C的要求。去年碳排放量的减少，显然由经济产出和经济活动蒙受的巨大损失所驱动。将排放量的减少与全球经济产出的减少相对照，通过简单计算可得出碳的隐含价格约为每吨1400美元，这样的价格高到令人生畏。我们面对的挑战是要在不对日常生活和生计造成大规模破坏和损害的情况下减少排放。因此，“去年能源需求和碳排放量的下降有多出人意料”这个问题便显得极有意思。是的，去年能源需求和碳排放量都出现了75年来最大降幅。然而，如此下降的背后，却是全球疫情和战后历史上最严重的经济衰退。那么，考虑到种种负面形势，这样的下降到底又有多意外？全球能源需求图表中的黄色“预测”线，与我们在2019年《年鉴》中的能源需求波动的分析基于相同的简单框架。该框架采用GDP增长、石油价格（代替能源价格）的波动，以及极端炎热和寒冷的天数来预测各国能源需求的增长，并将其相加得出全球能源需求的增长1。它的巧妙之处在于，虽然简单到令人不解，却足以阐明过去20年左右能源的大致需求。去年能源需求下降的主要特征是降幅惊人。即使在经济活动的崩溃得到控制的情况下，能源需求的降幅也已接近“预测”幅度的两倍：降幅达4.5%，而预测值为2.5%左右。通过研究不同能源需求的降幅，可更好地理解这种惊人的下降。据估算，2020年，石油需求出现了前所未有的下降，下降幅度达9.3%（减少910万桶/天），远大于历史上任何下降，也远大于其他能源需求的下降。事实上，石油需求的下降约占能源消费下降总量的四分之三。这也是能源结构中碳强度实现接近历史降幅的关键因素。减少9.3%石油消费出现史上最大降幅0%10%5%-5%15%194019501960197019801990200020102020石油需求量增长-10%年度变化1中国的国家级模型还含有一个变量，用于体现GDP增长的产业构成。要了解详细信息，请点击以下链接：https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2019-full-report.pdf-8%-10%-4%-6%-2%预测值2020年年度变化一次能源石油天然气煤炭电力-12%2020年的能源需求增长0%5bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）发达国家需在能源效率方面取得更大进展。我们曾在《bp世界能源展望》（2020年版）中强调，对于大量新兴市场经济体而言，要在确保促进能源获取的同时极大减少煤炭的使用，或需要在未来15到20年内实现天然气以及可再生能源的扩张。最后，对本节进行总结，去年的碳排放量下降到底有多“出乎意料”？或者换句话说，我们从这样的下降可看出怎样的讯息从而能够预测未来的碳趋势？这样的下降，是否开启了备受期待的排放下降趋势？又或者只是因疫情而引发的暂时性下降？碳排放量近乎创纪录的下降，由两个因素相结合所致。一是能源需求下降，二是能源结构的碳强度下降。而这两大因素，在很大程度上都源于封锁引发的石油需求的空前下降。这就意味着，随着全球各国封锁政策放宽和经济活动开始复苏，去年碳排放量下降的趋势很可能会出现逆转。其实，国际能源署（IEA）近期的估算结果显示，去年12月碳排放量就已经恢复了到危机前的水平。我们从这场由新冠引发的压力测试中能够学到什么？来看看今天的第二个问题：从能源系统应对新冠疫情引发的极端压力测试时表现出的行为，我们能够从中学到什么？此处的重点是供应侧做出的反应，即能源行业各部门如何应对突然的、意料之外的需求下降？正如我之前所说，可再生能源的持续扩张，并未受到疫情的影响，这令人吃惊。如此韧性，实在瞩目。稍后我将深入谈谈可再生能源方面的好消息。此处我要重点探讨去年受种种事件影响较严重的石油和天然气市场。此外，随着能源转型的步伐加快，石油天然气市场可能会面临日益艰巨的挑战。因此，我们能否从石油天然气市场应对去年的压力测试时的反应中了解到任何讯息、从而一窥其未来的行为，这个问题便极具启发性。同样，由于公路出行几近停滞，汽油需求也减少约13%左右（310万桶/天）。相比之下，与石化行业最密切相关的产品（石脑油、乙烷和液化石油气）需求基本持平，部分源于个人防护装备等医疗卫生相关用品的需求有所增长。与汽油相比，天然气则表现出更大韧性。据估算，2020年天然气需求下降2.3%（810亿立方米），与2009年金融危机后的降幅大致相同。多数地区天然气消费都有所减少，但中国显然是个例外，其天然气需求增长近7%。天然气之所以具备相对免疫力，源于天然气价格的大幅下跌。这使天然气发电在美国电力市场占据一定份额，同时在欧盟也保持一席之地。据估算，在最终能源需求的各类主要能源中，电力消费量的降幅最小，2020年仅下降了0.9%。电力使用量的相对韧性源于各国推出的封锁措施，工业和商业建筑电力需求的下降，有一部分因企业员工居家办公和被封锁家庭的用电量增加而抵消。电力需求的相对韧性，则掩盖了发电结构较显著的转变。具体来说，尽管电力需求整体有所下降，但可再生能源（风能、太阳能、生物能源和地热能，不包括水电）的发电量却出现了有史以来的最大增长（358太瓦时）。如此增长，源自风能发电量（173太瓦时）和太阳能发电量（148太瓦时）的强劲增长。可喜的是，可再生能源在全球发电总量中的占比出现了创记录的增加，从而延续了近年的强劲增长。过去五年里，可再生能源发电在全球发电量的增长中占比约为60%，其中风能发电量和太阳能发电量增加了一倍多。去年可再生能源发电量的增长，主要以燃煤发电量下降为代价。燃煤发电量经历了其有史以来的最大降幅（405太瓦时，4.4%）。除电力需求下降和可再生能源部署的增长外，煤炭也因相对于天然气丧失竞争力而发电量有所下降，这在美国和欧盟表现尤为突出。这样的趋势符合世界各国向净零排放过渡的预期：可再生能源实现强劲增长，并取代煤炭。不过，过去五年风能与太阳能发电量“增加了一倍多”，但实际上对煤炭总发电量的影响甚微。2020年煤炭发电量与2015年基本持平，因为去年的下降仅仅抵消了前几年的增长。要将煤炭从全球电力行业中剔除，需要的不仅仅是可再生能源的强劲增长，毕竟这一目标还需尽快实现。要将煤炭挤出电力行业，还有很长的路要走。358太瓦时可再生能源发电量增长创历史新高100200可再生能源煤炭太阳能风能地热能、生物质能等占比年度变化（太瓦时）2010201220142016201830%40%10%20%50%20202010201220142016201820200%400300发电可再生能源发电可再生能源和煤炭在全球发电量中的占比06bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油首先来看石油。据估算，2020年全年全球石油产量每天减少660万桶，同样属于战后最大降幅。要了解供应侧做出响应的时间线与内容构成，则可将2020年分为三个阶段。第一阶段是2019年12月至2020年4月全球疫情爆发初期。该期间全球石油消费实质上处于崩盘状态。4月份石油需求跌至低谷，与疫情爆发前的需求相比每天少2000万桶以上。这与历史上任何降幅相比都是破记录的。疫情初期供应侧的反应完全令人失望，甚至还起到了反作用。当时明显能够迅速响应的供应来源是石油输出国组织（OPEC）。然而，众所周知，3月初重要的OPEC+会议以分歧而告终。当时供应量上涨已持续一段时间，爆发了短暂的价格战。石油库存以创纪录的速度累积，短短四个月内便增加了约7.5亿桶。如此不平衡的规模，是闻所未闻的，引发了严重的物流问题，包括储存空间不足以及无法让过剩供应的石油迅速进入仓库。价格也相应出现了波动。4月份布伦特原油价跌至每桶20美元以下的低点。与此同时，美国WTI价格有史以来首次跌至负值，导致石油市场上了头版头条。第二阶段是2020年4月到8月。该期间供应侧有明显响应，主要来自OPEC+。该组织同意在5月至6月期间将石油产量削减970万桶/天，随后又延期至7月。美国致密油供应商也有所响应，将3月至5月期间的产量下调200万桶/天左右。致密油行业对需求下降的反应，通常是急剧降低致密油盆地开采的速度，同时迅速暂停新的投资。但去年春季美国方面的反应远快于自然下降，这主要源于物流与经济条件的双重作用导致多个采油井关闭。美国致密油产量下降的同时，常规石油的供应量也在下降。总而言之，2020年3月至5月期间，北美洲石油产量下降400万桶/天左右，大约是俄罗斯降幅的两倍。与此同时，随着封锁放宽，需求也部分恢复，最初是亚洲，之后美国和欧洲也日益复苏。这使得产量和消费量能够相匹配，库存也大致稳定在新的、较高的水平。第三个也是最后一个阶段，即8月到年底，是一个逐步调整的时期。该期间需求继续缓慢攀升，但各地区蔓延的第二波疫情减缓了复苏的步伐。OPEC+和美国致密油市场供应侧所做出的响应，在一定程度上有所放松。但OPEC+组织持续受限，且要遵守产量下调约定，这意味着市场产量不足，库存开始正常化。到年底，上半年累积的过剩库存已清空大约一半。价格也回升至大概50美元/桶的水平。那么，从全球石油市场真实面对的这场压力测试中，我们能够汲取到什么经验？我认为，其中的要点是OPEC+能够且愿意主动介入、稳定石油市场。而这是否意味着OPEC+总是能够这样做，则取决于影响石油市场的冲击类型。OPEC跨时期转移库存的能力，本质上意味着该组织有能力抵消临时性短暂冲击。其实，OPEC在哪种需求冲击面前具备最强的维稳能力是一个经济学问题，最佳答案便是此次以成功接种收场的全球新冠肺炎疫情，也就是相对短暂的临时性冲击。正因如此，OPEC未能在2020年3月疫情初期达成一致，就更是令人不解。相比之下，OPEC是否有能力和动机顺应全球向净零排放转型的趋势而抵消石油需求的持续下降，这一点尚不明确。在此情况下，有个别OPEC成员国或更担心能否保住和增加自己的市场份额，而不是担心能否稳住市场。减少660万桶/天全球石油产量下降，是战后最大降幅阶段1（2019年12月至2020年4月）阶段2（4月至8月）阶段3（8月至12月）-30-1010-2020变化（每阶段初期至每阶段末），单位：百万桶/天数据来源：美国能源信息署（需求侧）、国际能源署（供应侧）、标普全球普氏能源资讯（S&PGlobalPlatts）（价格）。2020年的石油市场需求供应石油需求与供应0880084009200千桶全球石油库存8000604020080美元/桶石油价格（布伦特）7bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气对于天然气市场，我们重点看看欧洲天然气市场，毕竟欧洲是最大的天然气市场，有着活跃的竞争性定价机制。此外，欧洲还承担着全球液化天然气（LNG）市场平衡者的重要角色。那么，从欧洲天然气市场应对疫情造成的压力时的行为，我们能够学到什么？毕竟去年欧洲天然气进口量下降8.5%以上。欧洲的天然气竞争，是管道天然气进口（主要来自俄罗斯）与液化天然气进口（主要来自美国，该国是欧洲少量进口液化天然气时的来源国）之间的竞争。近年来液化天然气进口量的增长引发了一个问题，即俄罗斯和其他管道天然气出口国为了保住其市场份额，将与液化天然气供应商有怎样的竞争？又或者会否为避免价格被过度压低而放弃部分份额？随着欧洲逐渐摒弃天然气，不同天然气供应源之间竞争不断加剧，这个问题或会日益尖锐。虽然存在着大量复杂而细枝末节问题，但俄罗斯出口商去年似乎已准备放弃部分市场份额。从俄罗斯进口的管道天然气，在欧洲天然气需求中的占比，从2019年的35%降至2020年的31%，且大部分发生于去年上半年。其中一部分是最初由2019年底前累积的创纪录储量所导致，但整个2季度期间，当疫情对欧洲天然气需求的影响达到高点时，俄罗斯的产量保持低位。相比之下，2020年上半年液化天然气进口同比有所增长。2020年全年，液化天然气在欧洲需求量中的占比大致保持不变，为21%。然而，我们能否凭此预测未来俄罗斯的管道天然气出口行为，这一点尚不太明确。这一结论与我们在前文中就OPEC展开的探讨类似。管道出口商为应对预计相对短暂的需求下降，借助其灵活性暂时减少供应以帮助稳定市场并支撑价格，这或是合情合理的。但是，在欧洲逐步摒弃化石燃料的背景下，天然气进口不断加剧的持续萎缩会造成迥然不同的反应。在此情况下，俄罗斯管道出口商会有更大的动力参与竞争，力求成为唯一幸存的生产商。去年管道出口商供应商有关欧洲的价格需下跌到多低才能逼停液化天然气出口的见解，是影响他们反应的一大因素。这就涉及到我之前提及的第二个因素，即欧洲担当液化天然气市场流动的平衡者。直到去年，液化天然气出口的逼停价格在很大程度上仍是假设性的，毕竟之前从未真正发生过大规模的出口停滞。而这一切在去年发生了变化。去年欧洲液化天然气远期价格低于其运营成本，使美国液化天然气出口大量关闭。美国液化天然气设施的平均开工率从去年4月开始下降，盛夏期间降至30%到35%左右的低点。2020年美国液化天然气出口仍增长30%左右，原因是新上马了三列液化天然气火车，且另有几列正在筹备中。然而，若非取消了货物运输，美国液化天然气出口的增长本应接近80%。巴黎第21届缔约方大会以来有何进展——全球形势如何？最后，第三个问题。因为格拉斯哥缔约方会议正在紧锣密鼓地筹备，我想花几分钟时间，以2015年巴黎缔约方大会以来取得的进展为广泛背景，谈谈去年的形势。当时在巴黎商定的目标被广泛视为一道分水岭，是全球就限制气温上升达成的、统一的远景目标，所有国家都同意为实现这些目标做出贡献。如今巴黎大会已过去近六年，全球又是怎样的局面？2015年以来最大的变化之一，是净零排放得到了极大重视，全球对此设定了极为宏伟的目标。巴黎大会期间，没有一个大国正式承诺实现净零排放。因此，瑞典于2017年6月承诺到2045年实现碳中和，值得称赞。时至今日，已有10个国家和欧盟将净零排放目标写进法律。另外34个国家要么提出了立法，要么概括了具有相同意愿的官方政策取向。据国际能源署近期的估算，此类承诺和意愿在全球碳排放量中合计占比70%2。目前虽然仍处于早期阶段，但已有喜人的迹象表明，疫情导致的集体性动荡与巨额成本或已促使人们重新下定决心要阻止气候变化这种更具破坏性的全球性灾难。各家企业也在这方面表现出高涨的雄心。最新统计显示，2019年以来，已宣布计划达成净零排放目标或远景目标的企业数量增加了六倍多，达到3000多家。企业不断高涨的雄心与日益增长的社会期望一致。社会期待企业能在气候相关风险上更公开透明，同时证明其战略和行动符合《巴黎协定》的目标。不断变化的社会期望的表现之一，是与ESG（环境、社会和企业治理）相关的投资出现了激增。2020年，流入ESG相关基金的资金，从2015年的不到300亿美元，增长到超过3300亿美元。短短五年内便增长了11倍。因1月19日4月19日7月19日10月19日1月19日4月19日7月19日10月19日美国液化天然气：运营成本和开工率美国液化天然气开工率英国NBP指未来两个月远期价格的平均值†美国出口商出口至欧洲的运营成本=亨利港价格1.15+液化天然气航次费用（标普全球普氏能源资讯)50%100%美元/百万英热单位（$/mmBtu）864美国出口商的运营成本（欧洲）†英国NBP远期价格20100%2https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/20959e2e-7ab8-4f2a-b1c6-4e63387f03a1/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf（第33页）。8bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）33323029353420102012201120132014201520162017201820192020国际能源署（IEA）《世界能源展望报告》（2015年版）与碳排放31二氧化碳（单位：十亿吨）为便于对比，重新设定了实际碳排放量的计算依据，以匹配国际能源署《世界能源展望报告》（2015年版）中2013年的排放水平。当前政策情景新政策情景450场景实际碳排放量此，可以说投资界已发生了翻天覆地的变化，且是积极正面的转变。尽管以上进展非常喜人，却也向我们发出了两个提示。首先，各国的承诺还远远不够。虽然各国和各地区都大幅上调各自的净零目标与意愿，但去年12月发布的《联合国国家自主贡献综合报告》中得出的结论却是：“当前气候目标的水平，不足以实现我们的《巴黎协定》目标”3。其次，相关远景目标不匹配全球需要和希望看到的结果。《巴黎协定》迎来了极大的希冀与乐观情绪，但实际排放数据尚未表现出显著改善。国际能源署于2015年11月巴黎大会前夕发布了《世界能源展望报告》（WEO），其中列出了以对未来全球能源政策环境的不同假设为依据的三种碳排放场景，分别是：延续当前的政策（图中以红色显示）；实施已宣布的政策意愿（绿色）；以及一系列将全球升温限制在2˚C的政策（紫色）。直到去年，碳排放量还在持续上升，这与巴黎大会前宣布的政策意愿大体一致。重点在于，没有迹象表明会出现紫色情景所设想的“低于2˚C”的决定性转变。去年由疫情引发的碳排放量下降，使2度目标更易实现。然而，如前所述，这种下降很可能只是暂时的。希望和雄心，需要转化为切实具体的变化。能源获取虽然《巴黎协定》以应对气候变化为重心，但该协定也规定，相关落实举措应以“可持续发展和努力消除贫困为背景”4。联合国2030可持续发展目标（UNSDGs）在巴黎大会的举办同期通过，为监测《巴黎协定》在可持续方面的进展提供了自然基准。这些目标与能源系统之间存在诸多密切联系，包括陆地（第15项目标）和海洋（第14项目标）的保护与生物多样性。不过，与能源系统联系最紧密的或许是第7项目标：“确保人人均能获得负担得起的、可靠且可持续的现代化能源”。令人欣慰的是，能源获取在过去六年里显著改善。2019年，无法获得电力的人口已从2015年的近10亿减少至略高于7.5亿，约占全球人口的10%，低于2015年的15%。如此进步是喜人的。然而，这一进步与排放量的下降一样，有值得警惕之处。改善并不均衡，全球无法获得电力的人口，四分之三均位于撒哈拉以南的非洲地区。此外，新冠疫情的影响导致部分进步付之东流。据世界银行估计，疫情导致3000多万人无法负担基本的电力服务，是6年来无法用电人口的首次增长。获得清洁的厨房设施是第7项可持续发展的另一大重点。而这一目标远未实现。据估算，目前全球约26亿人无法获得此类设施。此外，“能源获取”这一概念多少有些模糊。联合国根据最低居民消费水平来确定取电量。但支持强劲且可持续经济增长所需的能源量，可能远远超过这一水平。能源对于生产性使用和家庭消费而言均至关重要。例如，非赢利组织“能源促增长中心（EnergyforGrowthHub）”提出了每人每年消费1000千瓦时现代化能源的最低标准，并认为这是成为中低等收入国家所必需的5。而这大概是联合国确定用量的4倍。重要的是，能源促增长中心估算，超过35亿人（接近全球人口的一半）的能源消费量低于现代化能源的最低标准。全球人口的一半——实在发人深省。可再生能源可以说，能源系统要实现《巴黎协定》的两大目标（即应对气候变化威胁和支持可持续增长），其中最重要的一个元素，是实现可再生能源的快速增长。对此我要很高兴地说，过去五六年里，可再生能源方面取得的进展，是我在前文所说的切实具体进展的完美典范。首先来看看去年的情况，以风能和太阳能为重点，因为能源系统针对这两类能源的行动力度最大。虽然全球流行病造成了巨大破坏，GDP也已崩盘，但2020年风能与太阳能装机容量仍大幅增长了238吉瓦，比历史峰值高出50%。增长的主力是中国。中国在全球风能与太阳能装机容量的增长中约占一半份额。中国风电装机容量（72吉瓦）的增长尤其引人注目。其中部分增长很可能反映了中国在补贴与相关会计实务方面的种种变化。但是，即使考虑到这一点，2020年也属于风能和太阳能装机容量增长创纪录的一年。再从一个较长的时期来看，风能与太阳能装机容量在2015年至2020年间翻了一倍多，增长约800吉瓦，相当于年均增长18%。可以做一个形象的对比，在bp的快速转型情景和净零情景中，未来10年风能与太阳能装机容量分别将以年均14%和18%左右的速度增长。因此，目前的增速与这两个情景是大致相符的。3自12月以来已发布了更多目标。联合国将于第26届联合国气候大会前夕发布最新报告。4https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/english_paris_agreement.pdf5https://www.energyforgrowth.org/projects/modern-energy-minimum/238吉瓦风能和太阳能装机容量的增长，比历史峰值高出50%9bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）鸣谢谨以此向为本年鉴提供公开数据的全球众多联系人，以及协助进行数据整理的赫瑞瓦特大学能源经济研究与政策中心的研究人员表示诚挚感谢。详细情况二氧化碳排放量目前包括天然气放空燃烧产生的二氧化碳排放量。本版《年鉴》首次包含了风能和太阳能装机容量数据。附加信息——包括年鉴中报告的燃料历史数据；新增国家和地区燃料消费情况；有关可再生能源更多详细信息以及戴思攀的完整版演讲，请访问bp.com/statisticalreview。在可再生能源总体规模不断扩大的背景下，保持近年来的增长速度是一个难题。在此情形下，是什么在支撑着过去五年的强劲增长？与其他大量预测者一样，我们也严重低估了过去五年风能与太阳能的增长，其中关键原因是可再生能源的成本降幅远超《bp世界能源展望》（2016年版）中的预测值。过去五年，陆上风能与太阳能成本分别下降约40%和55%6，远大于2016年《展望》报告中假设的15%和20%。虽然这只是一个粗略的简化数据，但可再生能源的成本下降通常可用“边做边学”的模式概括。也就是说，随着可再生能源装机容量持续增长，供应链也学会如何提升效率，逐步降低成本。从这个角度来看，可再生能源的成本下降是会够超出预期的，要么因为可再生能源建设规模不断扩大，使得能够“进一步学习”；要么因为在既定的建设规模下成本下降得更快，即“学习速度加快”。我们的分析结果表明，可再生能源成本下降超出预期的最大原因是“学习速度加快”。风能成本和太阳能成本分别约有四分之三和三分之二的误差，均是这个原因。有意思的是，由于中国可再生能源在过去五年里抢占煤炭份额的速度快于预期，因此，其在风能和太阳能领域对“进一步学习”做出绝大部分贡献。如此转型，与中国可再生能源制造能力的大规模提升齐头并进，也有助于全球风能和太阳能成本的下降。以上是可再生能源方面的好消息。但也要谨记，可再生能源的发展速度，必须与能源转型诸多其他方面相匹配。具体包括能源效率、氢能等新能源载体的发展、帮助难以减排的行业实现碳减排，以及扩大碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）的规模。可再生能源持续快速增长，是实现净零排放所必需的，但还不足以实现这个目标。结论70周年是一个重要里程碑，促使人们反思影响自身生活的种种事件。1952年《bp世界能源统计年鉴》问世以来，全球能源市场显然已有诸多转变。但是，正如我岳母最近对我说的，就算到了70岁，也难免有出乎意料的时候。根据《年鉴》的统计，2020年是历年年鉴中最出乎意料、最具戏剧性的一个年份。这一年能源需求和碳排放量均出现了现代和平时期最大的降幅。然而，相比能源系统在未来10年、20年乃至30年将面临的挑战，过去70年所遭遇的难题是微不足道的，因为世界正在努力实现净零排放。2020年会否被视为新冠冲击最终促使全球采取果断行动、减轻气候变化威胁的一个转折点？过去几年的良好意愿和宏图大志会否带来排放量急剧且持续的下降？可再生能源能否保持过去五年的快速增长？在不断提升的社会期望的推动和支持下，私营企业（包括绿色企业和正在向绿色转型的企业）对能源转型最终成功与否有何重要意义？如果说70周年很重要，那么100周年则是极为特殊的。2050年将是《bp世界能源统计年鉴》问世100年。届时年鉴对能源领域的各种趋势进行分析时，又会记录怎样的事件？戴思攀首席经济学家2021年7月20406080世界其他地区中国年度变化（吉瓦）年度变化（吉瓦）201020122014201620182020140100120风能和太阳能装机容量风能装机容量太阳能装机容量20102012201420162018202002040608014010012006成本以三大主要需求中心地区（美国、中国和欧洲）的平均平准化电力成本（LCOE）为依据。10bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）一次能源消费量艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大13.2713.7813.8114.1414.1914.2614.1114.2414.4414.4513.63-5.9%1.0%2.4%墨西哥7.317.667.717.747.707.697.797.907.847.556.48-14.5%0.6%1.2%美国92.9192.0589.6292.0492.9992.0991.9692.2695.6494.9087.79-7.7%0.5%15.8%北美洲总计113.50113.49111.14113.92114.88114.04113.85114.40117.92116.90107.90-8.0%0.6%19.4%阿根廷3.233.343.463.593.593.663.633.643.593.383.15-7.1%0.8%0.6%巴西10.9511.4611.6712.1012.3812.2011.8912.0412.1212.4212.01-3.6%2.2%2.2%智利1.331.441.481.491.461.501.571.581.641.681.61-4.9%2.4%0.3%哥伦比亚1.441.481.591.601.681.701.781.821.851.911.77-7.7%3.4%0.3%厄瓜多尔0.550.590.620.640.670.670.660.690.730.740.65-13.6%4.1%0.1%秘鲁0.810.900.930.940.971.021.091.111.171.191.00-16.1%5.2%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥0.840.830.810.830.820.800.710.750.710.710.62-12.5%-0.9%0.1%委内瑞拉3.363.443.613.653.473.432.992.932.471.951.44-26.3%-5.6%0.3%其他中南美洲国家3.673.793.843.843.844.014.214.204.294.353.95-9.3%1.9%0.7%中南美洲总计26.1927.2727.9928.7028.8928.9728.5328.7528.5828.3326.19-7.8%1.3%4.7%奥地利1.481.381.451.441.381.381.431.461.431.501.38-7.9%0.5%0.2%比利时2.762.582.472.542.362.392.582.612.592.672.19-18.1%0.3%0.4%捷克共和国1.841.791.781.751.711.681.651.721.721.701.54-9.7%-0.4%0.3%芬兰1.301.221.181.191.151.141.161.131.161.131.10-2.8%-0.6%0.2%法国10.6510.2410.2310.339.899.959.799.729.889.678.70-10.3%-0.7%1.6%德国13.7013.2013.3713.7413.1613.4013.6213.7813.4413.0512.11-7.5%-0.1%2.2%希腊1.341.311.231.161.091.101.081.131.131.191.00-16.4%-1.6%0.2%匈牙利0.990.960.900.850.850.900.910.960.970.980.97-1.5%0.1%0.2%意大利7.277.136.926.606.246.426.456.526.576.455.86-9.3%-0.9%1.1%荷兰4.103.923.793.683.473.523.593.533.533.513.37-4.2%-1.0%0.6%挪威1.731.751.941.821.871.891.911.921.901.781.938.2%-0.1%0.3%波兰4.184.204.074.093.933.974.154.314.374.244.01-5.5%0.8%0.7%葡萄牙1.081.030.941.031.051.031.101.071.081.030.93-9.8%◆0.2%罗马尼亚1.421.461.401.311.351.361.361.381.411.381.33-3.5%-0.3%0.2%西班牙6.085.975.935.625.515.595.645.725.795.604.97-11.4%-0.6%0.9%瑞典2.162.132.262.122.112.172.142.212.162.242.20-2.2%1.0%0.4%瑞士1.231.171.231.261.211.181.111.111.131.181.08-8.6%-0.7%0.2%土耳其4.504.815.115.075.235.726.016.376.296.516.29-3.6%4.3%1.1%乌克兰5.105.275.174.894.333.593.753.493.623.423.31-3.3%-3.3%0.6%英国8.928.438.538.487.998.087.997.967.957.736.89-11.0%-1.2%1.2%其他欧洲国家6.706.556.266.326.116.256.406.526.636.535.97-8.8%0.1%1.1%欧洲总计88.5386.5086.1885.2982.0182.7283.8184.6484.7483.4677.15-7.8%-0.2%13.9%阿塞拜疆0.470.520.540.550.560.620.610.600.620.650.62-4.3%3.2%0.1%白俄罗斯1.091.081.171.031.070.970.960.981.071.050.98-7.0%0.3%0.2%哈萨克斯坦2.242.532.662.672.732.742.732.943.243.153.11-1.7%4.2%0.6%俄罗斯联邦27.9928.9228.9828.6528.7228.2328.8229.0030.1129.9028.31-5.5%1.1%5.1%土库曼斯坦0.901.001.090.971.001.201.191.171.311.431.40-1.9%5.5%0.3%乌兹别克斯坦1.881.951.931.962.021.931.851.851.921.921.87-2.8%0.2%0.3%其他独联体国家0.670.710.740.710.730.720.730.760.830.800.821.5%2.1%0.1%独联体国家总计35.2336.7137.1036.5336.8236.4136.8837.3039.0838.9037.12-4.8%1.4%6.7%伊朗8.729.119.219.559.989.9310.4010.7911.4211.9712.030.2%3.4%2.2%伊拉克1.451.541.631.761.691.681.931.912.002.202.06-6.3%4.9%0.4%以色列0.991.021.060.980.971.021.041.091.091.131.05-7.4%1.9%0.2%科威特1.411.451.511.551.571.611.621.651.651.671.51-9.9%3.1%0.3%阿曼0.870.941.031.151.141.211.211.301.371.391.37-1.8%6.7%0.2%卡塔尔1.201.401.601.731.872.132.082.021.781.931.71-11.3%6.4%0.3%沙特阿拉伯8.749.189.749.7810.4910.8210.9610.9310.6510.6810.56-1.4%3.1%1.9%阿拉伯联合酋长国3.503.673.874.084.044.464.644.654.594.554.19-8.2%3.2%0.8%其他中东国家2.462.322.202.112.081.951.941.961.921.991.96-1.8%-2.0%0.4%中东地区总计29.3330.6331.8432.6833.8334.8235.8236.3036.4737.5136.44-3.1%3.1%6.5%阿尔及利亚1.581.671.831.932.112.222.222.252.422.502.30-8.4%4.5%0.4%埃及3.243.303.473.453.443.523.693.803.853.863.65-5.8%2.3%0.7%摩洛哥0.700.730.750.770.780.790.800.840.860.940.88-7.1%4.1%0.2%南非5.265.205.125.145.205.095.335.305.105.214.90-6.1%◆0.9%其他非洲国家5.215.145.485.826.226.476.556.857.277.366.86-7.0%4.1%1.2%非洲总计15.9916.0416.6417.1017.7518.0918.5919.0319.5019.8718.58-6.7%2.5%3.3%澳大利亚5.335.485.425.495.545.675.705.675.705.885.57-5.5%0.9%1.0%孟加拉国0.900.981.051.081.121.311.331.381.471.641.59-3.2%6.4%0.3%中国104.29112.54117.05121.38124.82126.53128.63132.80137.58142.03145.462.1%3.8%26.1%中国香港特别行政区1.161.191.141.171.141.181.211.291.301.240.93-25.3%1.1%0.2%印度22.4823.8025.0426.0227.7928.6829.9531.1433.1433.8931.98-5.9%4.7%5.7%印度尼西亚6.406.887.327.567.027.097.177.478.078.657.63-12.0%4.0%1.4%日本21.1120.0219.8919.7319.2218.9218.7018.9118.8018.3717.03-7.5%-0.8%3.1%马来西亚3.353.473.733.903.944.004.214.274.334.434.11-7.4%3.1%0.7%新西兰0.830.830.840.840.880.890.890.910.910.930.84-9.9%1.4%0.2%巴基斯坦2.652.652.472.692.772.923.183.373.483.513.47-1.4%2.9%0.6%菲律宾1.221.241.281.381.451.591.731.901.962.021.82-9.7%5.5%0.3%新加坡2.872.993.003.063.153.353.483.593.613.533.42-3.4%2.8%0.6%韩国10.8211.3311.4411.4711.5711.7512.0312.2712.4312.2511.79-4.0%2.1%2.1%斯里兰卡0.240.250.250.250.270.290.310.330.350.360.33-8.8%4.9%0.1%中国台湾4.774.734.704.804.904.904.904.934.994.904.82-2.0%1.0%0.9%泰国4.394.564.874.955.095.215.325.415.535.515.12-7.4%2.9%0.9%越南1.872.132.242.352.572.863.093.313.734.174.09-2.1%9.7%0.7%亚太其他国家和地区1.941.932.021.972.132.222.412.462.503.233.250.1%6.3%0.6%亚太地区总计196.60206.99213.73220.09225.38229.36234.24241.41249.85256.54253.25-1.6%3.3%45.5%全球总计505.38517.64524.61534.32539.56544.41551.74561.82576.13581.51556.63-4.5%1.9%100.0%其中：经合组织234.19231.74229.51231.63229.65230.25231.16233.28236.85234.48217.11-7.7%0.4%39.0%非经合组织271.19285.90295.10302.69309.91314.16320.58328.54339.28347.04339.52-2.4%3.1%61.0%欧盟65.0763.1262.3661.8259.5960.3561.0361.8061.7960.7455.74-8.5%-0.3%10.0%在本统计年鉴中，一次能源包括进行商业交易的燃料，含用于发电的现代可再生能源。所有非化石能源发电的能源均按投入当量计算。有关此方法的更多详细信息，请参阅附录或bp.com/statisticalreview。◆低于0.05%。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。11bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）一次能源：分燃料消费量2019年2020年艾焦石油天然气煤炭核能水电可再生能源总计石油天然气煤炭核能水电可再生能源总计加拿大4.784.240.630.903.380.5114.454.264.050.500.873.420.5413.63墨西哥3.243.170.540.100.210.307.552.463.110.210.100.240.366.48美国37.1330.5711.347.602.545.7194.9032.5429.959.207.392.566.1587.79北美洲总计45.1537.9812.528.596.146.52116.9039.2737.119.918.356.227.04107.90阿根廷1.151.680.030.080.330.123.381.031.580.030.090.270.133.15巴西4.811.290.650.143.551.9912.424.611.160.580.143.522.0112.01智利0.760.230.31–0.190.181.680.690.220.30–0.180.211.61哥伦比亚0.680.480.20–0.480.061.910.550.500.27–0.390.051.77厄瓜多尔0.490.02––0.220.010.740.400.02––0.220.010.65秘鲁0.540.300.03–0.280.041.190.400.250.02–0.270.051.00特立尼达和多巴哥0.080.63–––†0.710.080.54–––†0.62委内瑞拉0.590.92†–0.43†1.950.480.68†–0.28†1.44其他中南美洲国家2.740.330.23–0.760.294.352.370.290.28–0.720.293.95中南美洲总计11.845.881.450.226.252.6928.3310.625.241.480.235.872.7526.19奥地利0.550.320.12–0.360.151.500.480.310.09–0.360.141.38比利时1.330.630.130.39†0.192.670.930.610.110.31†0.232.19捷克共和国0.420.300.600.270.020.091.700.370.300.490.270.020.091.54芬兰0.390.070.150.220.110.191.130.350.070.130.210.140.191.10法国3.141.570.273.560.500.639.672.681.460.193.140.540.688.70德国4.663.192.250.670.182.1013.054.213.121.840.570.172.2112.11希腊0.640.190.22–0.040.121.190.510.210.11–0.030.141.00匈牙利0.350.350.080.15†0.050.980.330.370.070.14†0.060.97意大利2.552.550.28–0.410.656.452.132.440.21–0.410.675.86荷兰1.641.330.270.03†0.233.511.511.320.180.04†0.333.37挪威0.390.160.03–1.120.071.780.370.160.03–1.250.111.93波兰1.360.751.86–0.020.254.241.280.781.67–0.020.274.01葡萄牙0.500.220.05–0.080.181.030.410.220.02–0.110.170.93罗马尼亚0.450.390.210.100.140.101.380.440.410.150.100.130.101.33西班牙2.701.300.160.520.200.735.602.211.170.070.520.240.774.97瑞典0.590.040.080.590.580.362.240.550.040.070.480.650.412.20瑞士0.440.12†0.230.340.041.180.370.12†0.200.330.051.08土耳其2.011.561.76–0.790.396.511.821.671.66–0.690.456.29乌克兰0.481.021.080.740.060.053.420.451.060.980.680.060.093.31英国3.082.780.220.500.051.097.732.392.610.190.450.061.206.89其他欧洲国家2.591.081.340.340.600.586.532.281.071.100.340.590.605.97欧洲总计30.2719.9311.138.295.608.2483.4626.0719.489.407.445.828.9477.15阿塞拜疆0.210.42†–0.01†0.650.180.43†–0.01†0.62白俄罗斯0.300.690.06–††1.050.280.640.06–††0.98哈萨克斯坦0.760.631.66–0.090.013.150.750.601.64–0.090.033.11俄罗斯联邦6.7216.003.571.861.730.0229.906.3914.813.271.921.890.0428.31土库曼斯坦0.291.14––††1.430.281.13––††1.40乌兹别克斯坦0.191.600.08–0.06†1.920.161.550.10–0.06†1.87其他独联体国家0.180.200.090.020.32†0.800.160.220.110.020.31†0.82独联体国家总计8.6420.675.451.882.210.0438.908.1919.385.171.942.360.0837.12伊朗3.538.040.070.060.260.0111.973.318.390.070.060.190.0112.03伊拉克1.470.70––0.02†2.201.290.75––0.02†2.06以色列0.500.390.21––0.031.130.420.410.17––0.051.05科威特0.830.830.01––†1.670.760.74†––†1.51阿曼0.480.900.01––†1.390.420.930.01––†1.37卡塔尔0.601.32–––†1.930.451.26–––†1.71沙特阿拉伯6.674.00†––0.0110.686.514.04†––0.0110.56阿拉伯联合酋长国1.862.570.08––0.044.551.512.510.110.01–0.054.19其他中东国家1.090.840.01–0.020.031.991.030.860.01–0.020.041.96中东地区总计17.0319.600.400.060.300.1237.5115.7119.880.380.070.230.1736.44阿尔及利亚0.851.630.02–†0.012.500.721.550.02–†0.012.30埃及1.482.120.08–0.120.063.861.332.080.03–0.120.093.65摩洛哥0.560.040.28–0.010.060.940.500.030.28–0.010.060.88南非1.170.153.640.120.010.115.211.020.153.480.14†0.114.90其他非洲国家4.211.660.30–1.080.117.363.621.700.30–1.130.116.86非洲总计8.285.594.320.121.220.3419.877.195.514.110.141.270.3818.58澳大利亚2.111.521.75–0.130.375.881.831.471.69–0.130.455.57孟加拉国0.381.110.14–0.01†1.640.331.100.15–0.01†1.59中国27.9411.1081.793.1111.346.75142.0328.5011.9082.273.2511.747.79145.46中国香港特别行政区0.870.110.26––†1.240.610.180.14––†0.93印度9.992.1318.600.401.441.3333.899.022.1517.540.401.451.4331.98印度尼西亚3.161.583.41–0.150.358.652.341.503.26–0.170.377.63日本7.323.894.910.590.661.0118.376.493.764.570.380.691.1317.03马来西亚1.591.610.95–0.230.044.431.381.371.14–0.180.044.11新西兰0.360.180.06–0.230.100.930.300.160.06–0.220.100.84巴基斯坦0.901.600.560.080.320.053.510.881.480.620.080.360.043.47菲律宾0.910.150.73–0.070.152.020.750.140.73–0.060.151.82新加坡3.050.450.02––0.013.532.930.450.02––0.013.42韩国5.162.023.441.300.020.3012.254.902.043.031.420.030.3611.79斯里兰卡0.25–0.06–0.040.010.360.21–0.07–0.040.010.33中国台湾1.980.841.670.290.050.074.901.890.901.630.280.030.094.82泰国2.621.830.71–0.060.285.512.391.690.73–0.040.285.12越南1.100.352.07–0.600.044.170.980.312.10–0.610.084.09亚太其他国家和地区0.960.411.23–0.610.013.230.940.421.23–0.640.023.25亚太地区总计70.6730.89122.375.7715.9710.87256.5466.6831.02120.975.8216.4112.36253.25全球总计191.89140.54157.6424.9337.6928.82581.51173.73137.62151.4223.9838.1631.71556.63其中：经合组织90.1664.8032.3017.7812.8716.56234.4878.5263.2827.4616.6713.1418.04217.11非经合组织101.7375.74125.347.1524.8112.26347.0495.2174.34123.967.3125.0213.67339.52欧盟23.1714.087.326.822.836.5160.7420.0313.685.916.113.046.9755.74在本统计年鉴中，一次能源包括进行商业交易的燃料，含用于发电的现代可再生能源。所有非化石能源发电的能源均按投入当量计算。有关此方法的更多详细信息，请参阅附录或bp.com/statisticalreview。†低于0.005。12bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油仍然是非洲、欧洲和美洲的主要燃料。天然气则在独联体和中东地区占主导地位，在这两个地区能源结构中的占比超过了半数。煤炭是亚太地区的主要燃料。2020年，煤炭在一次能源中的占比降至我们北美洲与欧洲系列数据的最低水平，分别为12%和9%。石油仍然在能源结构中占了最大份额（31.2%）。煤炭是2020年第二大燃料，占一次能源消费总量的27.2%，较上年的27.1%略有上升。天然气和可再生能源的份额分别上升至24.7%和5.7%，双双创下历史新高。可再生能源目前占比已超过核能，后者在能源结构中仅占4.3%的份额。去年水电在能源结构中的占比增长了0.4个百分点，达到6.9%，是2014年以来首次增长。去年一次能源消费量下降了4.5%，是2009年以来能源消费量的首次下降。下降的主要原因是石油消费量（下降9.7%）的下降，其在总下降量中的占比接近四分之三。除可再生能源（增长9.7%）和水电（增长1.0%）外，所有燃料的消费量均有下降。所有地区的消费量均有下降，其中降幅最大的是北美洲（下降8.0%）和欧洲（下降7.8%）。亚太地区降幅最低（下降1.6%），原因是中国（增长2.1%)有所增长。中国是2020年唯一能源消费量有增长的主要国家。其他地区的消费量降幅在下降7.8%（南美洲和中美洲）到下降3.1%（中东地区）之间。全球消费量艾焦600500400300200100可再生能源水电核能煤炭天然气石油95050015102002020年各地区消费模式百分比亚太地区非洲中东地区欧洲独联体国家中南美洲北美洲0100806040107050309020水电核能可再生能源石油煤炭天然气50102030401510200500950全球一次能源消费占比百分比13bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）一次能源：人均消费吉焦/人2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年2009-19年加拿大388.8398.9395.5400.7398.0395.9387.7387.8389.4386.3361.1-6.8%-0.1%墨西哥64.166.265.765.164.063.163.163.362.159.250.2-15.4%-0.6%美国300.7295.4285.4290.9291.8287.0284.7283.8292.4288.4265.2-8.3%-0.2%北美洲总计248.2245.7238.4242.1242.0238.2235.9235.1240.5236.6216.8-8.6%-0.3%阿根廷79.180.782.985.284.284.983.582.980.975.569.7-8.0%-0.2%巴西56.058.058.560.261.159.757.757.957.858.956.5-4.3%1.4%智利77.983.884.984.982.483.286.285.587.888.984.1-5.7%1.3%哥伦比亚31.832.534.534.435.835.737.137.137.337.934.7-8.6%2.2%厄瓜多尔36.838.439.940.642.041.240.340.942.542.836.6-14.9%2.4%秘鲁28.030.731.431.732.233.335.135.436.736.530.2-17.3%4.0%特立尼达和多巴哥633.9618.8605.3612.4605.4584.0515.4544.4513.1509.5445.7-12.8%-1.5%委内瑞拉118.2119.1122.8122.7115.7114.1100.299.585.668.450.7-26.0%-5.8%其他中南美洲国家35.135.835.835.435.036.137.637.037.537.633.8-10.3%0.8%中南美洲总计54.956.557.458.358.157.756.356.255.454.449.9-8.6%0.4%奥地利175.7163.7170.7168.5160.4159.5163.5166.0160.8167.2153.6-8.4%-0.2%比利时252.6234.2223.0227.6210.2211.9227.1228.2225.3231.2189.0-18.4%-0.3%捷克共和国174.3169.8168.5165.0161.3158.0155.6162.0161.2158.9143.6-9.9%-0.6%芬兰242.8225.8218.5218.8210.1207.9210.9205.7209.5203.4197.9-3.0%-1.0%法国169.4161.9161.0161.7154.1154.4151.3149.8152.1148.5133.3-10.5%-1.1%德国169.6163.3165.1169.3161.6163.8165.7166.7161.6156.3144.6-7.8%-0.4%希腊123.1121.2114.5107.8101.8103.3101.7107.1107.6113.996.0-16.0%-1.2%匈牙利99.897.290.986.586.691.593.898.799.6101.2100.2-1.2%0.3%意大利122.6119.6115.6109.7103.3106.0106.3107.5108.4106.597.0-9.2%-1.1%荷兰245.5234.4225.9218.5205.7208.0211.3207.5206.8205.4196.8-4.5%-1.2%挪威354.0354.3386.3358.0363.9364.4364.5362.9356.2330.6356.07.4%-1.2%波兰109.1109.8106.6107.1103.3104.5109.3113.7115.1111.8106.0-5.4%0.9%葡萄牙101.797.389.398.1100.699.2106.3103.8105.8100.991.5-9.6%0.4%罗马尼亚69.471.769.464.867.568.268.670.472.271.169.2-2.9%0.4%西班牙129.5126.8126.1119.7117.9119.8121.0122.5124.0119.7106.3-11.4%-0.6%瑞典229.8225.2236.6220.3217.5222.6217.3222.8216.6223.4217.8-2.8%0.2%瑞士157.4147.6153.8155.9146.8142.0132.3131.4132.3136.9124.5-9.3%-1.8%土耳其62.265.568.466.767.772.975.378.676.478.074.6-4.6%2.7%乌克兰111.3115.6113.7108.095.979.983.978.581.877.775.8-2.8%-2.8%英国140.5131.6132.1130.5122.1122.7120.5119.3118.4114.4101.6-11.5%-1.9%其他欧洲国家106.7104.5100.1101.398.2100.6103.3105.4107.3105.896.8-8.7%0.3%欧洲总计134.4130.9129.9128.2122.8123.5124.7125.5125.3123.1113.6-8.0%-0.6%阿塞拜疆51.957.058.058.859.264.062.660.761.964.561.3-5.2%1.9%白俄罗斯115.6115.1124.3109.5113.1102.7102.1104.0113.2111.5103.9-7.0%0.2%哈萨克斯坦137.5153.6158.7157.1157.6156.1152.9162.6176.8169.8165.4-2.8%2.7%俄罗斯联邦195.1201.2201.3198.5198.5194.7198.4199.3206.6204.9194.0-5.6%0.9%土库曼斯坦176.6192.7206.4180.0183.1215.3209.5203.9223.4240.1232.7-3.3%3.7%乌兹别克斯坦66.067.465.465.466.462.458.757.959.058.256.0-4.2%-1.4%其他独联体国家33.435.336.234.034.433.733.534.336.935.335.40.1%0.6%独联体国家总计152.1157.5158.1154.7154.8152.0153.0153.7160.0158.4150.4-5.3%0.8%伊朗118.2122.1121.9124.8128.9126.5130.8133.8139.6144.4143.2-1.1%2.1%伊拉克48.850.051.253.149.047.352.850.852.055.951.3-8.4%1.7%以色列135.0135.6139.3127.3123.2128.0128.1131.7129.9132.5121.0-8.9%0.2%科威特472.6458.7451.1438.6425.9420.9408.3406.1398.4396.6352.9-11.3%-1.0%阿曼284.9289.8293.5304.9283.8283.1270.2278.7283.9279.5268.2-4.3%1.0%卡塔尔646.7686.1726.4740.3759.6829.6783.2740.8639.7679.7594.2-12.8%0.9%沙特阿拉伯318.6324.9334.0325.5339.4341.1337.7330.2315.9311.7303.3-2.9%0.5%阿拉伯联合酋长国409.2410.7423.2443.9438.2481.9495.9490.6476.7466.0423.7-9.3%1.0%其他中东国家39.636.734.332.531.829.529.029.028.028.627.6-3.7%-3.4%中东地区总计135.3138.2140.6141.4143.6145.2146.7146.2144.5146.2139.6-4.7%1.2%阿尔及利亚43.945.648.950.754.256.054.854.257.258.152.4-10.1%2.4%埃及39.239.140.239.038.138.039.139.439.238.535.6-7.6%0.1%摩洛哥21.622.422.422.722.722.822.723.524.025.923.8-8.2%2.8%南非102.799.996.995.795.391.994.892.988.288.982.7-7.3%-1.5%其他非洲国家6.26.06.26.46.76.76.66.87.06.96.2-9.4%1.3%非洲总计15.415.015.215.215.415.315.315.315.315.213.9-9.0%-0.1%澳大利亚240.5243.3236.5235.9234.8237.0234.8230.5228.8233.2218.4-6.6%-0.6%孟加拉国6.16.66.97.17.38.48.48.69.110.19.7-4.1%5.2%中国76.281.884.687.289.289.991.093.596.499.1101.11.7%3.3%中国香港特别行政区166.0169.2161.7165.1160.2163.5166.5177.0176.6166.9123.9-25.9%0.4%印度18.219.019.820.321.421.922.623.324.524.823.2-6.8%3.5%印度尼西亚26.528.129.530.027.527.427.428.230.132.027.9-13.0%2.7%日本164.2155.8154.9153.7149.9147.9146.4148.3147.8144.8134.7-7.3%-0.6%马来西亚118.8121.1128.3132.5131.9132.0137.1137.2137.3138.7127.1-8.6%1.7%新西兰188.9187.9187.1186.2192.6192.3191.7193.2191.1194.4174.3-10.6%0.4%巴基斯坦14.814.413.214.014.214.615.616.216.416.215.7-3.4%0.8%菲律宾13.013.013.213.914.415.516.718.118.318.616.7-10.9%3.8%新加坡559.5567.1558.3561.8570.5599.5615.3628.8626.3607.8583.9-4.2%1.2%韩国218.3227.5228.5227.8228.6231.2235.9240.1242.9239.1229.9-4.1%1.7%斯里兰卡11.712.212.212.313.013.914.715.516.316.815.3-9.2%4.3%中国台湾205.5203.1201.3204.7208.7208.0207.6208.0210.4206.2202.3-2.1%0.7%泰国65.367.571.872.774.375.877.178.279.679.273.3-7.6%2.5%越南21.324.024.925.928.130.933.035.039.043.242.0-3.0%8.6%亚太其他国家和地区11.611.311.711.312.012.413.313.413.417.117.0-1.2%4.9%亚太地区总计50.752.954.055.155.956.457.158.359.860.959.6-2.3%2.4%全球总计72.673.573.674.173.973.873.974.475.575.471.4-5.5%0.7%其中：经合组织182.1179.0176.1176.6174.0173.4173.1173.6175.3172.7159.1-8.1%-0.2%非经合组织47.849.750.751.351.851.952.352.954.054.652.8-3.6%1.8%欧盟148.1143.4141.4140.0134.8136.3137.7139.2139.0136.5125.2-8.5%-0.5%本统计年鉴中，一次能源包括进行商业交易的燃料，含用于发电的现代可再生能源。所有非化石能源发电的能源均按投入当量计算。有关此方法的更多详细信息，请参阅附录或bp.com/statisticalreview。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。14bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）在北美洲（下降8.6%）和欧洲（下降8%）的下降的驱动下，2020年全球人均能源消费量下降了5.5%，跌至71.4吉焦/人。其他所有地区人均能源需求均有所下降。北美洲是人均消费量最高的地区（217吉焦/人），其后是独联体（150吉焦/人）和中东地区（140吉焦/人）。非洲仍然是平均消费量最低的地区（14吉焦/人）。2020年，全球63.7%的人口生活在人均能源需求低于100吉焦/人的国家，较2019年的81%有大幅下降，原因是中国的人均能源需求从2019年的99吉焦/人增长至101吉焦/人。消费量不到75吉焦/人的人口比例，则从2019年的57%增长到去年的60.6%。各地区人均能源消费量吉焦/人中南美洲非洲北美洲中东地区独联体国家全球欧洲亚太地区11121314151617181910200907080506879392919089889899000103029796959404300250200501001500202020001980250人均能源消费（吉焦/人）累计占世界人口百分比（%）200350300150501000802040600100人均能源消费:分国家/地区15bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）CO2碳二氧化碳排放量百万吨二氧化碳2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大550.1554.7551.1564.6571.8570.2553.3565.9576.2578.0517.7-10.7%0.8%1.6%墨西哥454.8473.0476.7483.2471.2475.2480.4486.1477.1459.8373.2-19.0%0.1%1.2%美国5495.05348.45101.55268.35277.65165.65060.85003.25166.05029.44457.2-11.6%-0.5%13.8%北美洲总计6499.96376.16129.46316.16320.56211.06094.56055.26219.46067.15348.1-12.1%-0.4%16.6%阿根廷168.8174.8183.7189.4189.5192.8191.5189.7187.5175.8164.1-6.9%0.9%0.5%巴西403.1427.2445.7485.8508.0490.7454.1460.6445.5444.9417.5-6.4%2.2%1.3%智利76.187.089.491.288.589.094.292.593.194.787.7-7.6%2.4%0.3%哥伦比亚73.470.579.082.387.388.392.786.788.694.992.7-2.6%3.4%0.3%厄瓜多尔33.133.835.238.140.439.637.736.438.837.530.7-18.4%2.6%0.1%秘鲁40.845.446.447.348.450.855.354.256.956.744.6-21.6%4.9%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥26.126.025.526.325.424.522.621.821.121.118.6-12.4%-1.1%0.1%委内瑞拉180.6185.6200.2203.1194.5192.2169.8162.4138.3112.388.5-21.4%-4.8%0.3%其他中南美洲国家196.3203.8203.1201.5203.7214.0221.8218.4224.0236.5213.3-10.1%2.0%0.7%中南美洲总计1198.51254.11308.21365.01385.71381.91339.71322.71293.81274.51157.7-9.4%1.3%3.6%奥地利67.864.762.262.958.660.761.664.562.263.755.3-13.5%◆0.2%比利时133.5120.6116.2117.4108.9115.3117.0118.9125.5121.788.8-27.2%-0.2%0.3%捷克共和国116.5113.1109.3105.0102.0102.8104.8102.7101.798.585.1-13.8%-1.4%0.3%芬兰63.956.650.851.947.644.847.745.046.543.439.0-10.3%-2.5%0.1%法国360.4333.8335.3334.8301.4307.4313.0317.7306.7299.0251.1-16.2%-1.7%0.8%德国783.2763.7773.0797.6751.2755.7770.5761.0734.5681.5604.9-11.5%-1.0%1.9%希腊94.694.588.279.275.673.369.974.072.176.758.2-24.3%-2.9%0.2%匈牙利48.748.744.642.241.343.945.046.947.547.545.7-3.9%-0.2%0.1%意大利397.1388.5371.0341.5318.9334.5331.3335.3335.9330.3287.2-13.3%-1.7%0.9%荷兰226.5219.4212.2208.3197.6206.9210.0202.9198.7194.1175.9-9.6%-1.1%0.5%挪威38.638.438.137.036.236.335.134.635.133.932.0-5.8%-0.9%0.1%波兰323.8324.0308.1310.5293.4293.4306.2315.6320.3301.5279.6-7.5%-0.1%0.9%葡萄牙51.551.450.749.449.653.152.557.354.350.741.3-18.8%-1.2%0.1%罗马尼亚78.285.181.769.971.272.069.673.073.471.666.3-7.7%-1.2%0.2%西班牙300.1308.5306.3274.8272.2288.0280.7298.4291.3271.0220.4-18.9%-1.5%0.7%瑞典56.952.049.148.246.146.446.645.744.747.245.4-4.0%-1.2%0.1%瑞士42.140.141.443.638.739.538.038.837.238.232.4-15.3%-1.5%0.1%土耳其276.3298.8314.4303.3335.2340.7359.1397.2390.9385.5369.5-4.4%3.4%1.1%乌克兰287.9302.5299.1286.1247.3195.4215.8188.4199.0185.6177.4-4.7%-3.8%0.5%英国530.0495.2512.5500.8458.8440.5416.4404.0397.8380.2319.4-16.2%-3.0%1.0%其他欧洲国家399.8400.7377.0370.4352.2361.9370.1378.8375.7369.7321.9-13.2%-0.5%1.0%欧洲总计4677.54600.44541.34434.74204.14212.44260.84300.54251.04091.33596.8-12.3%-1.1%11.1%阿塞拜疆27.430.730.831.131.734.133.632.434.035.934.1-5.3%2.2%0.1%白俄罗斯60.257.058.558.257.353.153.554.559.358.654.6-7.0%0.3%0.2%哈萨克斯坦183.9208.5218.4220.8223.8222.2216.9232.2255.3246.3241.0-2.4%3.6%0.7%俄罗斯联邦1526.61591.11605.01581.11579.21549.51567.01548.61606.01595.71482.2-7.4%0.7%4.6%土库曼斯坦55.160.966.662.864.575.274.573.580.687.286.2-1.4%5.4%0.3%乌兹别克斯坦104.6109.6109.7113.9116.7110.7105.8105.0111.3110.7108.2-2.5%0.4%0.3%其他独联体国家23.124.626.625.527.428.629.229.433.231.333.15.4%2.9%0.1%独联体国家总计1980.92082.32115.72093.52100.52073.42080.42075.62179.72165.62039.5-6.1%1.2%6.3%伊朗537.5549.8557.2569.2583.4576.9605.3616.1653.7674.7678.20.2%2.5%2.1%伊拉克113.7123.0134.6146.4143.7148.1167.4165.6170.9181.5170.0-6.6%5.5%0.5%以色列71.672.979.069.366.769.869.171.069.872.164.5-10.8%0.5%0.2%科威特87.889.492.497.799.5100.1100.5101.7101.7101.591.6-10.0%2.8%0.3%阿曼51.654.060.170.370.373.574.679.581.482.980.4-3.2%6.4%0.2%卡塔尔61.969.879.990.197.9112.3110.0106.092.7101.887.7-14.2%5.6%0.3%沙特阿拉伯472.0499.8525.0539.5574.6592.4605.3599.6581.3579.6570.8-1.8%3.1%1.8%阿拉伯联合酋长国215.7222.6233.9249.9245.7267.9278.2280.3275.2272.0245.9-9.8%2.8%0.8%其他中东国家153.9146.8139.1134.7134.3123.8121.4124.2120.3124.1121.1-2.7%-2.3%0.4%中东地区总计1765.61828.11901.21967.12016.12064.82131.82143.92146.92190.22110.1-3.9%2.7%6.5%阿尔及利亚104.4107.7115.8133.3142.1148.4147.2149.4156.7160.9148.6-7.9%4.2%0.5%埃及186.8188.3198.6201.8207.5210.9219.5222.0222.9222.1204.3-8.2%2.3%0.6%摩洛哥49.152.953.954.356.556.757.060.061.667.762.8-7.6%4.1%0.2%南非474.9466.3462.1463.3467.7455.5474.4470.1451.9462.4434.5-6.3%-0.3%1.3%其他非洲国家356.4346.8368.0375.0389.8402.8408.1426.4449.7451.4403.8-10.8%3.0%1.3%非洲总计1171.61162.01198.41227.81263.61274.41306.21327.91342.71364.51254.0-8.4%1.8%3.9%澳大利亚396.5400.7393.1391.3396.4405.4403.2400.7396.6401.0372.3-7.4%-0.1%1.2%孟加拉国50.656.560.462.765.478.179.283.189.3100.698.0-2.9%7.4%0.3%中国8145.88827.29004.29247.49293.29279.79279.09466.49652.79810.59899.30.6%2.4%30.7%中国香港特别行政区88.392.088.791.589.790.592.798.999.594.768.2-28.2%0.9%0.2%印度1652.11730.01844.51930.22083.82151.92243.22324.72449.42471.92302.3-7.1%4.5%7.1%印度尼西亚446.5488.3529.0538.6487.6502.6502.3526.9575.3624.5545.4-12.9%4.5%1.7%日本1197.91206.11292.11279.81246.51207.11190.01181.41158.41117.71027.0-8.4%-0.1%3.2%马来西亚215.3216.2229.3239.5249.4253.7258.3247.4255.0263.0256.0-2.9%3.1%0.8%新西兰34.834.736.335.735.836.635.737.837.739.434.1-13.6%1.2%0.1%巴基斯坦145.7144.1145.7146.7153.3160.9176.6190.4198.3197.4196.0-1.0%3.1%0.6%菲律宾80.581.383.892.197.7106.7116.8129.1134.0140.9127.4-9.8%6.5%0.4%新加坡185.3192.7192.0191.7191.1202.8217.1229.0225.4217.2211.0-3.1%2.1%0.7%韩国578.9604.5601.3608.0602.8609.4614.5631.1646.4623.2577.8-7.5%1.8%1.8%斯里兰卡13.114.816.114.017.317.920.321.721.423.320.8-10.8%5.8%0.1%中国台湾273.2278.1272.0273.8281.1281.4283.9292.5290.5284.9275.9-3.4%1.2%0.9%泰国248.7253.5270.6274.8281.6289.7296.4297.1299.6294.3277.1-6.1%2.2%0.9%越南123.1136.1134.0140.2156.7185.5198.1199.5241.0292.1283.9-3.1%10.9%0.9%亚太其他国家和地区120.9112.6116.8108.9120.8128.5141.0143.4147.2206.7205.2-1.0%6.1%0.6%亚太地区总计13997.514869.515309.815667.015850.115988.316148.516501.116917.617203.316778.0-2.7%2.6%52.0%全球总计31291.432172.532504.033071.233140.733206.133361.933726.934351.134356.632284.1-6.3%1.4%100.0%其中：经合组织13046.112857.612667.912767.212553.912473.112377.712396.312494.812140.110778.1-11.5%-0.4%33.4%非经合组织18245.319314.919836.120303.920586.720733.120984.221330.621856.322216.521506.0-3.5%2.5%66.6%欧盟3386.43300.33218.73147.02982.43045.63077.23115.33070.52936.72550.9-13.4%-1.2%7.9%◆低于0.05%。备注：以上碳排放数据仅反映石油、天然气和煤炭燃烧的相关活动以及天然气放空燃烧活动，是基于“燃料的默认二氧化碳排放因子”得出。该因子由政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）发布于《2006版国家温室气体清单的指导原则》中。这其中并未考虑任何碳捕获，也未考虑其他二氧化碳排放源和其他温室气体的排放。因此，上述数据不应与各国官方排放数据进行比较。有关天然气放空燃烧和相关碳排放的单列数据，请访问bp.com/statisticalreview。调整了闰年的增长率。16bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）探明储量2000年底2010年底2019年底2020年底十亿桶十亿桶十亿桶十亿桶十亿吨占总量比例储产比加拿大181.5174.8169.1168.127.19.7%89.4墨西哥24.610.46.16.10.90.4%8.7美国30.435.068.868.88.24.0%11.4北美洲总计236.5220.3243.9242.936.114.0%28.2阿根廷3.02.52.52.50.30.1%11.3巴西8.514.212.711.91.70.7%10.8哥伦比亚2.01.92.02.00.30.1%7.1厄瓜多尔2.72.11.31.30.20.1%7.4秘鲁0.91.20.80.70.1◆15.5特立尼达和多巴哥0.90.80.20.2†◆8.7委内瑞拉76.8296.5303.8303.848.017.5%其他中南美洲国家1.30.80.70.80.1◆10.9中南美洲总计96.0320.1324.0323.450.818.7%151.3丹麦1.10.90.40.40.1◆16.2意大利0.60.60.60.60.1◆14.7挪威11.46.88.57.91.00.5%10.8罗马尼亚1.20.60.60.60.1◆22.7英国4.72.82.52.50.30.1%6.6其他欧洲国家2.11.91.61.60.20.1%14.9欧洲总计21.013.614.213.61.80.8%10.4阿塞拜疆1.27.07.07.01.00.4%26.7哈萨克斯坦5.430.030.030.03.91.7%45.3俄罗斯联邦112.1105.8107.8107.814.86.2%27.6土库曼斯坦0.50.60.60.60.1◆7.6乌兹别克斯坦0.60.60.60.60.1◆34.7其他独联体国家0.30.30.30.3†◆17.3独联体国家总计120.1144.2146.2146.219.98.4%29.6伊朗99.5151.2157.8157.821.79.1%139.8伊拉克112.5115.0145.0145.019.68.4%96.3科威特96.5101.5101.5101.514.05.9%103.2阿曼5.85.55.45.40.70.3%15.4卡塔尔16.924.725.225.22.61.5%38.1沙特阿拉伯262.8264.5297.6297.540.917.2%73.6叙利亚2.32.52.52.50.30.1%158.8阿拉伯联合酋长国97.897.897.897.813.05.6%73.1也门2.43.03.03.00.40.2%86.7其他中东国家0.20.30.20.2†◆2.6中东地区总计696.7765.9836.0835.9113.248.3%82.6阿尔及利亚11.312.212.212.21.50.7%25.0安哥拉6.09.17.87.81.10.4%16.1乍得0.91.51.51.50.20.1%32.5刚果共和国1.52.02.92.90.40.2%25.7埃及3.64.53.13.10.40.2%14.0赤道几内亚0.81.71.11.10.10.1%18.7加蓬2.42.02.02.00.30.1%26.4利比亚36.047.148.448.46.32.8%339.2尼日利亚29.037.236.936.95.02.1%56.1南苏丹n/an/a3.53.50.50.2%56.4苏丹0.35.01.51.50.20.1%47.9突尼斯0.40.40.40.40.1◆32.7其他非洲国家0.72.33.73.80.50.2%33.2非洲总计92.9124.9125.0125.116.67.2%49.8澳大利亚4.93.82.42.40.30.1%13.9文莱1.21.11.11.10.10.1%27.3中国15.223.326.026.03.51.5%18.2印度5.35.84.74.50.60.3%16.1印度尼西亚5.14.22.52.40.30.1%9.0马来西亚2.13.62.72.70.40.2%12.5泰国0.50.40.30.3†◆1.7越南2.04.44.44.40.60.3%58.1亚太其他国家和地区1.31.11.41.30.20.1%17.4亚太地区总计37.747.845.345.26.12.6%16.6全球总计1300.91636.91734.81732.4244.4100.0%53.5其中：经合组织262.7238.5261.5260.038.315.0%25.2非经合组织1038.21398.31473.31472.4206.185.0%66.9石油输出国组织833.01137.71214.71214.7171.870.1%108.3非石油输出国组织468.0499.1520.1517.772.629.9%24.5欧盟3.93.22.42.40.30.1%16.8加拿大油砂：总计174.9169.2162.4161.426.29.3%其中正在积极开发的储量11.725.919.918.93.11.1%委内瑞拉：奥里诺科重油带–220.0261.8261.842.015.1%数据来源—在编辑本表格的估测数字的过程中，我们综合采用了第一手的官方资料，石油输出国组织秘书处、《世界石油杂志》、《石油与天然气杂志》等第三方数据，以及根据公开信息所独立估测的中国储量数据。†低于0.05◆低于0.05%。n/a。超过500年。备注：石油的探明储量—通常是指通过地质与工程信息以合理的确定性表明，在现有的经济与作业条件下，将来可从已知储藏采出的石油储量。石油储量数据不一定符合公司层面用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法：例如美国证券交易委员会（SEC）所发布的用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法。这些数据也并不一定代表bp公司对各国探明储量的看法。储量/产量（储产比）比率—用任何一年年底的剩余储量除以该年度产量所得出的结果，表明剩余储量以该年度的生产水平可供开采的年限。“正在积极开发”的加拿大油砂储量属于官方估算数据。委内瑞拉奥里诺科重油带储量以OPEC秘书处和政府公告为依据。加拿大储量和储产比包括加拿大油砂的相关数据。委内瑞拉储量和储产比包括奥里诺科重油带的相关数据。沙特阿拉伯石油储量包括2017年的天然气凝液（NGL）数据。储量数据包括天然气凝析油、天然气凝液以及原油。本表格计算各组成部分在总量中所占比例及储产比时，使用以十亿桶为单位的数据。石油17bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）2020年底全球石油探明储量较2019年减少了20亿桶，总量为1.732万亿桶。根据2020年的储产比，全球石油还可以以现有的生产水平生产50余年。OPEC组织拥有70.2%的全球储量。储量最高的国家是委内瑞拉（占全球储量的17.5%），紧随其后的是沙特阿拉伯（17.2%）和加拿大（9.7%）。8.448.32.60.81.60.87.214.018.72020年总量1.7324万亿桶2010年总量1.6369万亿桶19.68.87.22.946.813.52000年总量1.3009万亿桶18.22.97.19.27.453.62000年、2010年与2020年探明储量分布百分比中东地区中南美洲北美洲独联体国家非洲亚太地区欧洲0150120609030北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲亚太地区2020年分地区储产比年份150906030090950005101520北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲亚太地区全球历史12018bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：产量（千桶/天）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大33323515374040004271438844644813524453725135-4.4%5.3%5.8%墨西哥29592940291128752784258724562224206819181910-0.4%-4.3%2.2%美国7559788389291010011804127891236113154153341707216476-3.5%8.9%18.6%北美洲总计1385014338155801697518859197631928020192226462436323521-3.5%6.1%26.6%阿根廷712667657644638646610590591620600-3.2%-1.6%0.7%巴西212521732132209623412525259127212679287630265.2%3.6%3.4%哥伦比亚78691594410109901006886854865886781-11.8%2.8%0.9%厄瓜多尔488501505527557543548531517531479-9.7%0.8%0.5%秘鲁165159157171175153141136139144131-8.8%-0.8%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥1451361171161141099799878276-7.3%-5.9%0.1%委内瑞拉284227552704268026922631234720961475918540-41.2%-11.3%0.6%其他中南美洲国家14414414715215514613513312814820740.0%0.9%0.2%中南美洲总计74077450736273977662775873557160648162065841-5.9%-1.7%6.6%丹麦24922520417816715814213811610372-30.0%-9.0%0.1%意大利1061101121141201137886978911226.4%-0.7%0.1%挪威2139204019171838188619461997197118511737200115.2%-3.0%2.3%罗马尼亚9089838684837976757572-3.3%-2.2%0.1%英国1358111494786585496410151005109211181029-8.0%-2.7%1.2%其他欧洲国家342336336344339331313303308302292-3.3%-1.6%0.3%欧洲总计428439133600342634503596362335793538342435794.5%-3.0%4.0%阿塞拜疆1037932882888861851838793796775716-7.6%-2.8%0.8%哈萨克斯坦16761684166417371710169516551838190419191811-5.6%1.8%2.0%俄罗斯联邦1037910533106561080710927110871134211374115621167910667-8.7%1.4%12.1%土库曼斯坦226234244256263271270271260253216-14.7%1.4%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦7877686361595861646247-25.1%-4.1%0.1%其他独联体国家36363535353636373839391.3%0.7%◆独联体国家总计1343113496135491378613857139981419914374146241472713496-8.4%1.1%15.3%伊朗44214452381036093714385345784854460833993084-9.3%-2.3%3.5%伊拉克24692773307930993239398644234538463247794114-13.9%6.9%4.7%科威特25642918317331343106306931503009305029762686-9.7%1.7%3.0%阿曼8658859189429439811004971978971951-2.1%1.8%1.1%卡塔尔16301824192819911975193319381882189818631809-2.9%2.8%2.0%沙特阿拉伯986511079116221139311519119981240611892122611183211039-6.7%2.0%12.5%叙利亚385353171593327252524344327.8%-21.9%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国29373300342535663603389840383910391239993657-8.6%3.6%4.1%也门306220178197153634371949595-0.1%-11.1%0.1%其他中东国家192201184208214213214208207214188-12.5%1.1%0.2%中东地区总计2563428007284872819928498300213181831359316653016227664-8.3%1.9%31.3%阿尔及利亚16891642153714851589155815771540151114871332-10.4%-1.8%1.5%安哥拉18121670173417381701179617451671151914201324-6.8%-2.1%1.5%乍得122114101918911111798116127126-0.5%0.7%0.1%刚果共和国314301280243253234232270330336307-8.8%2.0%0.3%埃及725714715710714726691660674653616-5.7%-1.1%0.7%赤道几内亚3063013202822842602231951761601610.4%-7.0%0.2%加蓬233236221213211214221210193218207-5.0%-1.0%0.2%利比亚17995161539104851843741292911651306390-70.2%-2.8%0.4%尼日利亚25332461241222792276220119001969200721021798-14.5%-0.5%2.0%南苏丹n/an/a31100155148137147144172170-1.2%n/a0.2%苏丹462291103118120109104951009886-12.2%-14.6%0.1%突尼斯8377827671646048524236-16.2%-7.4%◆其他非洲国家149198196225231262255300300331314-5.0%6.2%0.4%非洲总计102278520927086078213811876728134828884526865-18.8%-1.6%7.8%澳大利亚5504834794074363843593273444584702.5%-1.7%0.5%文莱172165159135126127121113112121110-9.3%-3.2%0.1%中国407740744155421642464309399938463798383639011.7%0.1%4.4%印度901937926926905893874885869830771-7.2%-0.1%0.9%印度尼西亚1003952917883847838876838808781743-4.9%-2.4%0.8%马来西亚733659663627649696726718718663596-10.1%-0.4%0.7%泰国393429471466464481489486472471418-11.3%2.0%0.5%越南312316347346325352317284257236207-12.4%-3.6%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区318302291274296298281273234231210-9.0%-3.5%0.2%亚太地区总计84598318840782818295837780417771761076287425-2.7%-0.6%8.4%全球总计8329384042862558667088834916329198992568948529496188391-6.9%1.5%100.0%其中：经合组织1934119513204642166923600246162401924828272582899228216-2.7%4.2%31.9%非经合组织6395264529657916500165235670156796967741675936596860175-8.8%0.6%68.1%石油输出国家组织3378434404358533476934706361343725137084368403493330636-12.3%0.5%34.7%非石油输出国家组织4950949638504025190154129554985473855484580126002857755-3.8%2.2%65.3%欧盟626600572560552535471465448415394-4.9%-4.4%0.4%数据来源：包括来自FGE伊朗服务的数据。包括原油、页岩油、油砂、凝析油（伴生气凝析油或需进一步精炼的凝析油）与天然气凝液（从天然气制品中分离出的乙烷、液化石油气和石脑油）。不包括其他来源的液体燃料，例如生物燃料、煤和天然气的合成衍生物。也不包括炼油厂加工收益等液体燃料调整因素。不包括以固体形式提取的油页岩/油母岩。◆低于0.05%n/a。备注：本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。19bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：产量（百万吨）百万吨2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大160.6170.1182.9195.4209.8216.1218.8236.6257.7263.5252.2-4.5%5.6%6.1%墨西哥145.6144.5143.9141.8137.1127.5121.4109.5102.394.995.1-0.1%-4.3%2.3%美国333.1346.1395.1448.5524.5567.4542.9574.9670.2747.8712.7-5.0%8.8%17.1%北美洲总计639.4660.7721.9785.8871.4911.0883.1921.01030.31106.21060.0-4.4%5.9%25.4%阿根廷33.331.230.830.229.830.028.627.227.528.827.6-4.4%-1.6%0.7%巴西111.3113.8111.9109.7122.5132.2136.2142.3140.2150.8159.25.3%3.6%3.8%哥伦比亚41.448.249.953.252.253.046.845.045.646.741.3-11.8%2.8%1.0%厄瓜多尔26.126.827.128.229.829.129.528.527.728.525.8-9.7%0.9%0.6%秘鲁7.37.06.97.37.56.55.85.75.96.15.4-11.9%-1.2%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥6.25.95.25.15.14.84.34.43.93.73.4-6.4%-6.0%0.1%委内瑞拉145.8141.5139.3137.8138.5135.4121.0107.675.646.627.4-41.4%-11.4%0.7%其他中南美洲国家7.37.37.47.67.87.36.86.76.47.210.240.9%0.5%0.2%中南美洲总计378.7381.7378.6379.1393.1398.4379.1367.4332.9318.3300.3-5.9%-1.7%7.2%丹麦12.210.910.08.78.17.76.96.75.65.03.5-30.0%-9.0%0.1%意大利5.15.35.45.55.85.53.84.14.74.35.426.4%-0.7%0.1%挪威98.693.487.082.985.087.690.388.983.378.592.016.8%-3.2%2.2%罗马尼亚4.34.24.04.14.14.03.83.63.63.63.5-3.3%-2.3%0.1%英国63.052.044.640.639.945.347.446.650.951.848.1-7.4%-2.7%1.2%其他欧洲国家16.916.716.717.116.916.515.615.015.215.014.6-3.1%-1.6%0.3%欧洲总计200.0182.5167.7159.0159.8166.6167.9165.0163.3158.2167.15.3%-3.1%4.0%阿塞拜疆51.346.143.743.842.542.041.439.139.238.035.1-7.9%-2.9%0.8%哈萨克斯坦79.780.179.382.381.180.278.687.090.591.086.1-5.7%1.8%2.1%俄罗斯联邦512.3519.5526.7532.2537.4544.6558.5558.5567.9573.4524.4-8.8%1.4%12.6%土库曼斯坦11.111.512.012.512.913.213.213.112.612.210.3-15.4%1.2%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦3.63.63.22.92.82.72.62.82.92.82.1-24.2%-4.5%0.1%其他独联体国家1.81.81.81.81.81.81.81.81.91.92.01.3%0.7%◆独联体国家总计659.9662.5666.7675.5678.4684.5696.1702.4714.9719.4660.1-8.5%1.1%15.8%伊朗212.0212.5180.5169.7174.0180.2216.1231.4218.7157.8142.7-9.8%-2.7%3.4%伊拉克120.8135.8151.3151.9158.8195.6217.6222.4227.0234.2202.0-14.0%6.9%4.9%科威特123.4140.9154.0151.4150.2148.2152.7145.0146.8143.4130.1-9.5%1.7%3.1%阿曼42.243.245.046.146.248.049.347.647.847.346.1-2.8%1.8%1.1%卡塔尔70.977.782.284.283.581.281.679.179.577.775.9-2.6%2.2%1.8%沙特阿拉伯463.3522.7549.2538.4543.8568.0586.7559.3576.8556.6519.6-6.9%1.9%12.5%叙利亚18.516.98.12.71.51.21.11.11.11.52.029.7%-22.5%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国135.2150.5156.2162.8163.4176.1182.4176.2176.7180.5165.6-8.5%3.4%4.0%也门14.310.28.19.06.92.61.63.04.14.14.1-0.1%-11.8%0.1%其他中东国家9.49.99.010.310.510.510.610.210.210.49.1-12.8%1.0%0.2%中东地区总计1210.11320.41343.71326.51338.91411.81499.81475.21488.61413.51297.3-8.5%1.8%31.1%阿尔及利亚73.871.767.264.868.867.268.466.665.364.357.6-10.7%-1.8%1.4%安哥拉88.982.085.385.283.388.285.881.674.169.164.5-6.8%-2.2%1.5%乍得6.46.05.34.84.75.86.15.26.16.76.6-0.5%0.7%0.2%刚果共和国16.015.314.212.312.911.911.913.816.917.215.8-8.8%2.0%0.4%埃及35.034.634.734.435.135.433.832.232.831.830.0-5.9%-1.0%0.7%赤道几内亚14.514.215.213.213.312.110.39.08.17.47.51.0%-7.2%0.2%加蓬11.611.811.110.710.510.711.010.59.710.910.4-5.0%-1.0%0.2%利比亚84.624.372.649.424.420.519.343.854.961.518.3-70.3%-2.8%0.4%尼日利亚122.1118.4116.4109.5109.3105.791.394.596.4101.186.9-14.3%-0.6%2.1%南苏丹n/an/a1.54.97.77.36.87.37.18.48.4-1.2%n/a0.2%苏丹22.814.35.15.85.95.45.14.74.94.84.2-12.2%-14.6%0.1%突尼斯3.93.63.83.53.32.92.82.22.42.01.7-16.5%-7.3%◆其他非洲国家7.49.89.811.211.413.012.714.814.816.315.5-4.9%6.0%0.4%非洲总计487.0406.0442.2409.5390.5386.1365.4386.1393.5401.6327.3-18.7%-1.6%7.9%澳大利亚24.621.521.417.819.117.015.514.114.719.319.71.8%-2.2%0.5%文莱8.48.17.86.66.26.25.95.55.45.95.4-9.1%-3.3%0.1%中国203.0202.9207.5210.0211.4214.6199.7191.5189.1191.0194.81.7%0.1%4.7%印度41.342.942.542.541.641.240.240.439.537.635.1-6.8%-0.1%0.8%印度尼西亚48.646.344.642.741.040.642.841.039.538.236.4-4.9%-2.3%0.9%马来西亚33.129.730.128.729.832.233.332.932.730.227.2-10.1%-0.5%0.7%泰国15.215.817.317.116.917.618.117.616.916.815.0-10.7%1.2%0.4%越南15.315.417.016.915.917.215.513.912.411.410.0-12.6%-3.7%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区14.013.212.812.113.313.412.612.210.510.39.5-8.5%-3.4%0.2%亚太地区总计403.5395.8400.9394.4395.1399.8383.6368.9360.7360.8353.1-2.4%-0.7%8.5%全球总计3978.64009.64121.64129.84227.24358.14375.14385.94484.24478.04165.1-7.2%1.4%100.0%其中：经合组织898.9906.1953.91008.31095.61140.91107.01138.91247.31323.61281.4-3.5%4.0%30.8%非经合组织3079.63103.53167.83121.43131.53217.23268.13247.03236.93154.42883.8-8.8%0.5%69.2%石油输出国家组织1612.11641.71712.61657.01651.21719.81774.71761.61747.11650.71448.4-12.5%0.4%34.8%非石油输出国家组织2366.52367.92409.12472.82575.92638.22600.42624.22737.12827.32716.7-4.2%2.0%65.2%欧盟30.529.228.027.427.026.123.022.721.920.219.3-4.9%-4.4%0.5%数据来源：包括来自FGE伊朗服务的数据。包括原油、页岩油、油砂、凝析油（伴生气凝析油或需进一步精炼的凝析油）与天然气凝液（从天然气制品中分离出的乙烷、液化石油气和石脑油）。不包括其他来源的液体燃料，例如生物燃料、煤和天然气的合成衍生物。也不包括炼油厂加工收益等液体燃料调整因素。不包括以固体形式提取的油页岩/油母岩。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用百万吨为单位的数据。调整了闰年的增长率。20bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：原油和凝析油产量（千桶/天）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大28493021325034863758386338684216459646904469-4.7%5.7%5.8%墨西哥257725532548252224292267215419481833170117050.3%-4.2%2.2%美国54845667652174948789944688529371109641224811315-7.6%8.6%14.8%北美洲总计1091111241123191350214976155761487315536173941863917489-6.2%5.7%22.8%阿根廷589553549540532532511480489509480-5.6%-1.7%0.6%巴西205521052061202422552437251026222587278829405.5%3.6%3.8%哥伦比亚78691594410109901006886854865886781-11.8%2.8%1.0%厄瓜多尔486500504526557543548531517531479-9.7%0.9%0.6%秘鲁1231171121181211049188929577-18.9%-2.0%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥9892828181797172635957-3.8%-5.8%0.1%委内瑞拉269526232580256425782514224219921386839488-41.8%-11.6%0.6%其他中南美洲国家12512613113514013312211811410917157.3%-1.0%0.2%中南美洲总计69577031696369987255734769826757611458155475-5.9%-1.7%7.1%丹麦24922520417816715814213811610372-30.0%-9.0%0.1%意大利1061101121141201137886978911226.4%-0.7%0.1%挪威1871175816121532156216081647162015161437171319.2%-3.5%2.2%罗马尼亚8684798382807673727168-3.3%-2.4%0.1%英国1234102888581079190393391310021019947-7.1%-2.6%1.2%其他欧洲国家319316317327324317297284289286277-3.0%-1.5%0.4%欧洲总计386535213209304530453180317331143092300531906.2%-3.2%4.2%阿塞拜疆1023919872877849840826781783762702-7.8%-2.8%0.9%哈萨克斯坦16761684166217201701167216371813190019031796-5.6%1.7%2.3%俄罗斯联邦1015010287103951052810479106171086310898110831118610192-8.9%1.2%13.3%土库曼斯坦216224231239246254250248236228189-16.9%0.8%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦7877686361595861646247-25.1%-4.1%0.1%其他独联体国家36363535353636373839391.3%0.7%0.1%独联体国家总计1317913226132631346313371134781367113838141041418012965-8.6%1.0%16.9%伊朗40684048339831923273339240904490424030202730-9.6%-2.8%3.6%伊拉克24242728303730583198394543754473456847124049-14.1%7.0%5.3%科威特23072645289028472830278228602704273726782438-9.0%1.6%3.2%阿曼8658859189429439811004971978971951-2.1%1.8%1.2%卡塔尔13071399149115201508146314651432142713871359-2.0%1.9%1.8%沙特阿拉伯8423956699879875994110420106881017510533101459430-7.0%1.9%12.3%叙利亚350319146452319171716253334.0%-23.6%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国26032853294630843063328433843279330833603087-8.1%3.0%4.0%也门284197154173128381644676767–-13.5%0.1%其他中东国家182191173199204203204198196196169-13.5%0.7%0.2%中东地区总计2281324831251402493325112265272810427783280692655924314-8.5%1.7%31.7%阿尔及利亚14611416132012751329129013161287125912391098-11.4%-2.0%1.4%安哥拉17931656171417161672178017221632147913731277-7.0%-2.3%1.7%乍得122114101918911111798116127126-0.5%0.7%0.2%刚果共和国307292268234245227225263323329300-8.9%2.0%0.4%埃及663649649643667662631603617597560-6.2%-1.1%0.7%赤道几内亚2862802992612662422041741571441461.4%-7.4%0.2%加蓬233236221213211214221210193218207-5.0%-1.0%0.3%利比亚17485081499102551042239790911441279374-70.7%-2.7%0.5%尼日利亚24552373233021932188211918221890192220141734-13.9%-0.6%2.3%南苏丹n/an/a31100155148137147144172170-1.2%n/a0.2%苏丹462291103118120109104951009886-12.2%-14.6%0.1%突尼斯7970706459545143434033-17.3%-7.1%◆其他非洲国家149198196225231262255300299330313-5.0%6.2%0.4%非洲总计97598083880281587742763971997651779779596424-19.3%-1.7%8.4%澳大利亚473411405335353322290263284361356-1.4%-2.4%0.5%文莱159153146122114115109101100110100-8.3%-3.4%0.1%中国407740744155421642464309399938463798383639011.7%0.1%5.1%印度762793786789778771744744719677636-6.0%-0.2%0.8%印度尼西亚945902859825789786831801772745708-5.0%-2.4%0.9%马来西亚653583598588610662667660653604541-10.5%-0.9%0.7%泰国242224239241233248258240228228202-11.5%-0.4%0.3%越南304308339337315342308275243225195-13.0%-3.8%0.3%亚太其他国家和地区270256246237261265250241208205189-7.9%-3.1%0.2%亚太地区总计78857705777376907699782074557171700469916828-2.3%-0.8%8.9%全球总计7536875638774697779079201815678145781851835748314876685-7.8%1.2%100.0%其中：经合组织1590215951167361774119227199511909719645215042275921687-4.7%3.7%28.3%非经合组织5946759687607346004959974616166236062205620706038954999-8.9%0.4%71.7%石油输出国家组织3080431226324893153731305326313354533479332493134927359-12.7%0.3%35.7%非石油输出国家组织4456544412449804625347896489364791248372503255179949326-4.8%1.7%64.3%欧盟606581556546540523457451436403385-4.6%-4.3%0.5%数据来源：包括来自FGE伊朗服务的数据。包括原油、页岩油/致密油、油砂、伴生气凝析油或需进一步精炼的凝析油。不包括其他来源的液体燃料，例如生物质、煤和天然气的合成衍生物。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：本表格在计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。21bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：天然气凝液产量（千桶/天）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大483.0493.4489.9514.4513.0525.2595.4596.8647.4682.0666.3-2.3%3.2%5.7%墨西哥382.3387.7363.2352.6355.4319.7302.3275.9235.1217.4204.5-5.9%-5.4%1.7%美国2074.12216.12408.12605.83014.63342.33509.23783.04369.54824.35161.27.0%9.7%44.1%北美洲总计2939.43097.23261.33472.93883.04187.24406.94655.75252.05723.86032.05.4%7.5%51.5%阿根廷122.5113.8107.3104.4105.5113.999.1110.4101.8111.8120.07.4%-1.2%1.0%巴西70.467.770.472.186.887.581.499.292.388.585.6-3.2%2.5%0.7%哥伦比亚n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a厄瓜多尔2.01.01.01.0–––––––n/a-100.0%–秘鲁42.441.945.553.753.849.349.848.447.048.654.011.1%2.4%0.5%特立尼达和多巴哥47.244.035.234.432.930.125.226.923.823.419.6-16.0%-6.0%0.2%委内瑞拉146.8131.8123.9116.0114.0117.0105.0104.088.479.651.7-35.0%-6.7%0.4%其他中南美洲国家19.218.916.116.614.412.912.514.613.938.735.3-8.8%9.9%0.3%中南美洲总计450.6419.1399.3398.4407.4410.8373.0403.5367.3390.5366.3-6.2%-1.5%3.1%丹麦n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a意大利n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a挪威268.0281.1305.9305.3324.0337.9349.0351.5335.3299.4288.1-3.8%0.2%2.5%罗马尼亚3.84.73.92.82.83.23.73.12.94.03.9-3.4%1.3%◆英国124.685.961.855.062.460.381.592.089.698.882.0-17.0%-3.5%0.7%其他欧洲国家22.720.118.717.015.214.416.318.618.716.615.3-8.2%-4.2%0.1%欧洲总计419.0391.7390.3380.1404.4415.8450.5465.1446.5418.9389.3-7.1%-1.0%3.3%阿塞拜疆13.513.310.411.412.210.811.111.312.313.214.27.6%0.6%0.1%哈萨克斯坦0.10.11.716.69.022.817.725.03.915.514.5-6.8%45.1%0.1%俄罗斯联邦228.3246.8260.4278.5448.1470.2479.2475.5479.1492.7474.9-3.6%8.2%4.1%土库曼斯坦10.510.513.616.816.816.820.023.223.925.526.85.1%9.3%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a其他独联体国家–––––––––––n/an/a–独联体国家总计252.3270.6286.2323.3486.1520.7528.0535.0519.2546.9530.4-3.0%8.2%4.5%伊朗352.2404.1412.0417.6441.2460.5488.0364.0368.0379.0354.0-6.6%3.5%3.0%伊拉克44.845.141.541.540.340.747.664.564.467.764.3-5.0%5.2%0.5%科威特257.4272.6282.9287.0276.0287.8289.7305.0313.1298.4248.0-16.9%2.9%2.1%阿曼n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a卡塔尔322.8425.8436.7471.1466.2469.8473.3450.2470.8476.1450.3-5.4%6.1%3.8%沙特阿拉伯1441.81513.01635.01518.11577.41577.71717.81717.01728.31687.31609.0-4.6%2.7%13.7%叙利亚35.033.825.014.210.08.08.08.08.09.010.011.1%-12.7%0.1%阿拉伯联合酋长国333.8446.8479.1482.5539.5613.8653.6630.5604.3638.9569.3-10.9%7.9%4.9%也门22.623.223.824.525.125.726.327.027.627.627.6-0.3%2.3%0.2%其他中东国家10.310.810.59.610.210.010.19.611.018.618.1-2.6%6.6%0.2%中东地区总计2820.73175.33346.53266.03385.83494.03714.63575.83595.63602.73350.6-7.0%3.9%28.6%阿尔及利亚228.4225.1216.4210.1260.2267.8261.2253.6251.7247.4233.6-5.6%-0.4%2.0%安哥拉19.214.019.922.329.716.123.239.040.346.746.6-0.3%8.9%0.4%乍得n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a刚果共和国7.08.811.59.08.07.07.07.07.07.06.7-3.6%–0.1%埃及61.365.265.966.747.064.260.057.357.656.155.9-0.3%-1.5%0.5%赤道几内亚19.720.720.220.718.817.419.421.219.116.715.2-8.7%-2.9%0.1%加蓬n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a利比亚50.58.540.022.47.515.015.020.021.227.115.3-43.7%-6.2%0.1%尼日利亚78.288.081.685.688.282.378.279.784.888.063.6-27.7%1.9%0.5%南苏丹n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a苏丹n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a突尼斯4.26.612.512.211.810.08.74.88.62.82.8-0.3%-10.9%◆其他非洲国家n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a0.50.80.82.1%n/a◆非洲总计468.5436.8468.0449.1471.3479.9472.8482.7490.8492.6440.5-10.6%-0.3%3.8%澳大利亚77.171.373.272.282.562.069.364.060.197.7114.317.0%1.5%1.0%文莱12.712.812.913.112.111.411.812.612.011.79.6-18.5%-1.5%0.1%中国n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a印度139.6143.7139.6136.4127.5122.3129.5140.9150.4153.8134.9-12.3%0.4%1.2%印度尼西亚58.150.258.058.058.351.944.736.936.436.234.7-4.1%-2.2%0.3%马来西亚79.376.365.138.838.834.759.357.764.958.254.7-6.0%7.1%0.5%泰国151.6204.9232.1224.9231.0232.7231.0246.5243.6242.5215.7-11.0%5.1%1.8%越南7.77.88.29.59.69.29.99.313.411.811.7-0.7%3.7%0.1%亚太其他国家和地区48.246.145.037.635.632.730.732.025.925.621.1-17.6%-6.6%0.2%亚太地区总计574.2613.0634.1590.6595.5556.9586.1599.9606.6637.5596.8-6.4%1.9%5.1%全球总计7924.88403.78785.68880.29633.510065.210531.910717.711277.811812.911705.9-0.9%4.7%100.0%其中：经合组织3439.23562.03727.83927.94372.64665.84922.55182.05754.26233.96529.84.7%6.5%55.8%非经合组织4485.64841.75057.84952.35260.85399.45609.45535.75523.65579.05176.1-7.2%3.1%44.2%石油输出国家组织2979.83178.63364.03232.73400.83503.23705.93605.63590.73583.93277.3-8.6%2.8%28.0%非石油输出国家组织4944.95225.15421.75647.56232.66562.06826.07112.27687.18229.08428.52.4%5.7%72.0%欧盟19.818.416.614.112.612.613.613.712.111.19.7-13.3%-6.5%0.1%数据来源：包括来自FGE伊朗服务公司、ICIS的数据。包括从天然气生产中分离出的乙烷、液化石油气和石脑油。不包括凝析油。†低于0.05。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。22bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：液体燃料消费总量（千桶/天）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大24142445248224772478249825072486256626052342-10.1%1.2%2.6%墨西哥20432068208620381965194519561890184217051319-22.6%-1.7%1.4%美国1917818896184821896719100195321969219952205122054318120-11.8%0.9%19.9%北美洲总计2363423408230502348123544239752415524327249202485221781-12.4%0.7%23.9%阿根廷597629669713709727711711680603525-12.9%0.9%0.6%巴西27142832288431003214313829573030302631423019-3.9%2.3%3.3%智利343371376362353355377364379379347-8.6%-0.1%0.4%哥伦比亚266275296294310330337332344358294-17.9%3.6%0.3%厄瓜多尔220226233247260254240237255249203-18.6%2.7%0.2%秘鲁196216220231229244260270278285219-22.9%4.6%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥4542404541454744413938-2.6%-1.2%◆委内瑞拉739721785835746697537493410296242-18.3%-8.3%0.3%其他中南美洲国家11751204119311721177124212871293131013311151-13.5%1.3%1.3%中南美洲总计62946517669570007039703467556773672366826038-9.6%1.1%6.6%奥地利273256256263255256261263267277240-13.3%0.6%0.3%比利时671632611633629646654664703662490-26.0%0.3%0.5%捷克共和国194199196188199191179213214218191-12.4%0.7%0.2%芬兰210204197212206206210208209206188-8.7%0.2%0.2%法国17601721166916571610161115961607160515991370-14.4%-1.3%1.5%德国24412365235224042344233623742443232523392127-9.1%-0.3%2.3%希腊369352307285284297297301298308249-19.2%-2.7%0.3%匈牙利146142133132147157157168180182171-6.0%1.6%0.2%意大利15381495140112891220129312841304133112771079-15.5%-2.0%1.2%荷兰964972926900866837854830858826771-6.7%-1.3%0.8%挪威229225218229218223217223231223217-2.5%0.1%0.2%波兰593591570537538558605662685702660-6.1%2.2%0.7%葡萄牙272256231241247246248246245253208-17.8%-0.8%0.2%罗马尼亚184191191174187191202213219230225-2.2%1.7%0.2%西班牙14301370128511911188123312781291132513251078-18.7%-0.8%1.2%瑞典329310309307305303319321305325290-10.6%◆0.3%瑞士242234238249224227216222215220183-17.0%-1.6%0.2%土耳其69467370475677491797610259931000906-9.4%3.5%1.0%乌克兰284283287267245214226234241247234-5.0%-2.0%0.3%英国16221589153215171522156316121619160215721230-21.7%-0.5%1.4%其他欧洲国家12151188113811211118116512091256126912681114-12.1%0.3%1.2%欧洲总计1565915248147511455214328146701497515312153211525813221-13.4%-0.3%14.5%阿塞拜疆72899210199100989910410492-11.8%3.7%0.1%白俄罗斯150172211144164139137137151144132-8.5%-2.3%0.1%哈萨克斯坦206270288297304364344385409387379-2.0%6.8%0.4%俄罗斯联邦28783074311931633300319732663273332333983243-4.6%2.0%3.6%土库曼斯坦118125129137143145143144145149142-4.8%3.4%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦9280778880808487959886-12.6%0.1%0.1%其他独联体国家6365757876788682969179-12.3%3.6%0.1%独联体国家总计35793874399240094166410341584207432343714154-5.0%2.3%4.6%伊朗16851715176318761764158215851644171718411715-6.8%0.4%1.9%伊拉克569628665715680686757723704716628-12.4%3.0%0.7%以色列241255295223214227231255250254213-16.1%0.9%0.2%科威特480467467477488467449470468446411-7.8%0.5%0.5%阿曼135146157178185184187224232240209-12.7%7.3%0.2%卡塔尔186244260302312357371337348375296-21.0%8.3%0.3%沙特阿拉伯31243285345134443760387938653799361736353544-2.5%2.6%3.9%阿拉伯联合酋长国653723767849858949103410171015969798-17.7%4.9%0.9%其他中东国家723714677625625544523531529535507-5.3%-3.7%0.6%中东地区总计77968176850386908885887390029000887990118321-7.7%1.9%9.1%阿尔及利亚329349370387401425412408416430366-14.9%2.8%0.4%埃及749707733743795820840786731734659-10.2%0.3%0.7%摩洛哥258275277282272268275290286292261-10.5%2.2%0.3%南非526533543554546602577577576569492-13.5%1.2%0.5%其他非洲国家16061520163217271737176418031896203720751783-14.1%3.1%2.0%非洲总计34673384355536933750387939073957404741003561-13.1%2.2%3.9%澳大利亚89894096810001003992994103510451036895-13.6%1.6%1.0%孟加拉国81104110108120127138156178176154-12.2%9.3%0.2%中国944297951023510744112071213812572132041366114103143141.5%5.5%15.7%中国香港特别行政区359361344352336368380428435409285-30.2%2.1%0.3%印度33393510370837513871418845934767503252144738-9.1%4.8%5.2%印度尼西亚14501587167716771676157015621657171617391346-22.6%2.5%1.5%日本44294419468345034288412440003967383937043282-11.4%-1.7%3.6%马来西亚688725760807809759847809811851737-13.5%2.3%0.8%新西兰148153150152155161165175176179148-17.1%1.9%0.2%巴基斯坦411414402442458505566589498446437-1.9%0.7%0.5%菲律宾313298309326347397427459464474391-17.6%4.7%0.4%新加坡11571208120212171259132913721406143114011332-4.9%2.9%1.5%韩国23192339240424142408251327062747273527192575-5.3%1.8%2.8%斯里兰卡879295829290105114114123104-15.6%3.5%0.1%中国台湾10779959881024105310781083106810751022974-4.7%-0.1%1.1%泰国11231186124913001310135613921439145314641329-9.2%3.1%1.5%越南332361371380391437466492525557491-11.9%6.2%0.5%亚太其他国家和地区310320331349374424426438464479472-1.6%6.1%0.5%亚太地区总计2796328807299863062931157325573379534948356523609434003-5.8%3.3%37.3%全球总计88392894149053292055928689509196746985259986510036991078-9.3%1.6%100.0%其中：经合组织4691646386459754603745658464084694747477479644766841761-12.4%0.3%45.9%非经合组织4147643028445574601847210486834979951048519015270149318-6.4%3.1%54.1%欧盟1228211935114831124311057112281140711656117101166610149-13.0%-0.5%11.1%陆地燃油需求加上国际航油、船用油和炼厂自用燃料及损耗。也包括生物汽油（如燃料乙醇）、生物柴油和煤制或天然气制油。◆低于0.05%。备注：本页的全球消费数据与全球生产数据之间存在差异。原因包括库存的变化、非石油类添加物和替代燃料的消费，以及在定义、测量或换算石油供需数据时产生的不可避免的差异。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。23bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：消费量（单位：千桶/天）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大23862400242424192419244224522423250125372282-10.0%1.1%2.6%墨西哥20402065208320341960193919501883183616981312-22.7%-1.7%1.5%美国1832217997175861801118131185241862218878194471947517178-11.8%0.8%19.4%北美洲总计2274722462220932246522510229062302523184237842371020772-12.4%0.6%23.5%阿根廷585612647688678694675670640563503-10.7%0.2%0.6%巴西22712432250926552725255824332481239224382323-4.8%1.6%2.6%智利343371376362353355377364379379347-8.6%-0.1%0.4%哥伦比亚252259279277292312320313322337275-18.5%3.4%0.3%厄瓜多尔220226233247260254239236255249202-18.7%2.7%0.2%秘鲁191211212222221235251259268275210-23.8%4.4%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥4542404541454744413938-2.6%-1.2%◆委内瑞拉739721785835746697537493410296242-18.3%-8.3%0.3%其他中南美洲国家11621190117911581162122712711277129313141137-13.5%1.3%1.3%中南美洲总计58096065626064916478637761516136600058895274-10.4%0.6%6.0%奥地利261244244252242241249252255265230-13.3%0.7%0.3%比利时663624602624620640644653692650476-26.8%0.2%0.5%捷克共和国189191189181192184172205207209182-13.1%0.5%0.2%芬兰206199192207196195206199201196178-9.1%-0.1%0.2%法国17031666160915961544154415291540153815281305-14.6%-1.4%1.5%德国23732294227623362273226923072374225522702045-9.9%-0.3%2.3%希腊366350305282281294293298294304244-19.7%-2.8%0.3%匈牙利142138129129142153152164175177164-7.3%1.6%0.2%意大利15081465136712611196126412551274130012591054-16.2%-2.0%1.2%荷兰957962916889856826843818843807746-7.5%-1.5%0.8%挪威227222215226216219210211222212206-2.5%-0.4%0.2%波兰577574552520521542594646663679637-6.1%2.1%0.7%葡萄牙265249225235241238242240239247202-18.0%-0.9%0.2%罗马尼亚181186186170184186195206212221216-2.2%1.4%0.2%西班牙13961330123711691165120912521260128612871050-18.4%-1.1%1.2%瑞典315295292291285279289287273291260-10.7%-0.8%0.3%瑞士242234238249224226214219212216179-17.3%-1.8%0.2%土耳其6946727027487719159731022989996903-9.3%3.5%1.0%乌克兰284283287265244212225233240244232-4.9%-2.1%0.3%英国15931561150814901491153815871594156915311192-22.2%-0.6%1.3%其他欧洲国家12041175112111031099114411881234124312391085-12.4%0.1%1.2%欧洲总计1534414914143931422313980143191461914929149081482612788-13.8%-0.4%14.5%阿塞拜疆72899210199100989910410492-11.8%3.7%0.1%白俄罗斯149172210143163139136137151144132-8.5%-2.3%0.1%哈萨克斯坦206270288297304364344385409387379-2.0%6.8%0.4%俄罗斯联邦28783074311931633300319732653271332033933238-4.6%2.0%3.7%土库曼斯坦118125129137143145143144145149142-4.8%3.4%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦9280778880808487959886-12.6%0.1%0.1%其他独联体国家6365757876788682969179-12.3%3.6%0.1%独联体国家总计35783873399140084165410241564205432043674149-5.0%2.2%4.7%伊朗16851715176318761764158215851644171718411715-6.8%0.4%1.9%伊拉克569628665715680686757723704716628-12.4%3.0%0.7%以色列241254295223214226230255250254213-16.1%0.9%0.2%科威特480467467477488467449470468446411-7.8%0.5%0.5%阿曼135146157178185184187224232240209-12.7%7.3%0.2%卡塔尔186244260302312357371337348375296-21.0%8.3%0.3%沙特阿拉伯31243285345134443760387938653799361736353544-2.5%2.6%4.0%阿拉伯联合酋长国653723767849858949103410171015969798-17.7%4.9%0.9%其他中东国家723714677625625544523531529535507-5.3%-3.7%0.6%中东地区总计77968176850286908885887390029000887990118321-7.7%2.0%9.4%阿尔及利亚329349370387401425412408416430366-14.9%2.8%0.4%埃及749707733743795820840786731734659-10.2%0.3%0.7%摩洛哥258275277282272268275290286292261-10.5%2.2%0.3%南非525532542552544601576576574567490-13.5%1.2%0.6%其他非洲国家16051519163217271737176418031896203720751783-14.1%3.1%2.0%非洲总计34673383355336913749387739063956404540983559-13.1%2.2%4.0%澳大利亚892933961992994985988103010411031890-13.7%1.6%1.0%孟加拉国81104110108120127138156178176154-12.2%9.3%0.2%中国939097391017010668111201206612499131371357614005142251.6%5.4%16.1%中国香港特别行政区359360344352336367380428435408285-30.2%2.1%0.3%印度33083475367437173832414745444724497451484669-9.3%4.8%5.3%印度尼西亚14431579166316571642155215081610164916261230-24.4%1.9%1.4%日本44244412467644964279411339883953382436893268-11.4%-1.7%3.7%马来西亚688724757803802751838801801841728-13.5%2.2%0.8%新西兰148152150152155161165175175178148-17.1%1.9%0.2%巴基斯坦411414402442458505566589498446437-1.9%0.7%0.5%菲律宾307292301316336384413445450459378-17.7%4.5%0.4%新加坡11571208120212171259132913721406143114011332-4.9%2.9%1.5%韩国23122331239624022398250326962738272027032560-5.3%1.8%2.9%斯里兰卡879295829290105114114123104-15.6%3.5%0.1%中国台湾10769949861022105210771083106710741022973-4.7%-0.1%1.1%泰国11041167122512661270131313471390140014051271-9.5%2.9%1.4%越南332361371380391437466492525557491-11.9%6.2%0.6%亚太其他国家和地区310320331349374424426438464479472-1.6%6.1%0.5%亚太地区总计2782828658298153042130911323323352334690353303569833615-5.8%3.2%38.0%全球总计8656887530886078998890677927879438196099972659759888477-9.3%1.5%100.0%其中：经合组织4568445074446284465644239449504542645916463724605640282-12.5%0.2%45.5%非经合组织4088442456439794533346438478364895450184508925154248195-6.5%3.0%54.5%欧盟119981163211154109541074810911110901131811348112989774-13.5%-0.7%11.0%陆地燃油需求加上国际航油、船用油和炼厂自用燃料及损耗。不包括生物汽油（如燃料乙醇）、生物柴油和煤制或天然气制油。包括煤制或天然气制油。◆低于0.05%。备注：本页的全球消费数据与全球生产数据之间存在差异。原因包括库存的变化、非石油类添加物和替代燃料的消费，以及在定义、测量或换算石油供需数据时产生的不可避免的差异。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。24bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：消费量（艾焦）艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大4.574.584.644.614.614.624.614.574.734.784.26-11.1%0.9%2.5%墨西哥3.913.974.043.933.753.703.733.593.513.242.46-24.0%-1.8%1.4%美国35.6134.9134.1134.7034.9435.6635.9236.2837.1437.1332.54-12.6%0.6%18.7%北美洲总计44.0843.4642.7843.2443.3043.9944.2744.4445.3845.1539.27-13.3%0.4%22.6%阿根廷1.181.221.301.381.371.391.351.341.271.151.03-10.1%0.5%0.6%巴西4.544.834.985.265.435.094.834.904.724.814.61-4.5%1.5%2.7%智利0.690.760.760.730.710.720.760.730.760.760.69-9.1%-0.3%0.4%哥伦比亚0.510.520.570.560.590.630.650.630.650.680.55-19.0%3.5%0.3%厄瓜多尔0.450.460.470.500.530.510.480.470.510.490.40-19.8%2.5%0.2%秘鲁0.380.420.420.440.430.460.490.510.520.540.40-24.9%4.1%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥0.100.090.090.100.090.090.100.090.090.080.08-3.2%-1.2%◆委内瑞拉1.511.461.591.711.521.421.081.000.820.590.48-18.6%-8.4%0.3%其他中南美洲国家2.452.512.502.432.442.572.672.662.692.742.37-13.7%1.1%1.4%中南美洲总计11.8012.2712.6713.1213.1112.9012.4212.3312.0411.8410.62-10.6%0.5%6.1%奥地利0.550.510.510.530.500.500.520.530.530.550.48-13.4%0.5%0.3%比利时1.381.291.241.281.261.301.321.341.421.330.93-30.2%◆0.5%捷克共和国0.380.390.380.370.390.380.350.420.420.420.37-12.6%0.4%0.2%芬兰0.420.410.390.410.390.390.410.400.400.390.35-9.4%-0.4%0.2%法国3.533.453.343.293.193.193.173.183.173.142.68-15.1%-1.5%1.5%德国4.894.734.704.804.674.674.764.874.634.664.21-9.9%-0.3%2.4%希腊0.770.740.640.590.590.610.610.630.620.640.51-20.0%-2.9%0.3%匈牙利0.280.280.260.260.280.300.300.330.350.350.33-7.4%1.5%0.2%意大利3.072.982.782.542.422.562.542.572.632.552.13-16.6%-2.1%1.2%荷兰1.941.971.871.771.691.651.711.641.681.641.51-8.0%-1.5%0.9%挪威0.440.430.420.440.410.420.400.400.410.390.37-4.9%-0.9%0.2%波兰1.161.161.111.041.041.091.201.301.331.361.28-5.8%2.1%0.7%葡萄牙0.540.510.460.480.490.480.490.490.490.500.41-18.4%-1.0%0.2%罗马尼亚0.370.380.380.350.380.380.400.420.430.450.44-1.9%1.4%0.3%西班牙2.942.812.622.472.462.542.632.642.692.702.21-18.4%-1.1%1.3%瑞典0.660.610.600.590.580.570.590.580.550.590.55-8.1%-1.0%0.3%瑞士0.500.480.490.510.460.470.440.450.430.440.37-17.1%-1.8%0.2%土耳其1.371.341.411.511.551.851.982.072.002.011.82-9.4%3.6%1.0%乌克兰0.570.570.580.530.480.430.450.460.470.480.45-5.2%-2.4%0.3%英国3.203.143.053.003.003.083.183.193.153.082.39-22.8%-0.5%1.4%其他欧洲国家2.532.472.362.312.302.402.492.582.602.592.28-12.5%0.1%1.3%欧洲总计31.5030.6429.6229.0728.5329.2529.9330.4730.4130.2726.07-14.1%-0.5%15.0%阿塞拜疆0.140.170.180.200.200.200.200.200.210.210.18-12.6%3.7%0.1%白俄罗斯0.310.360.440.300.340.290.290.290.320.300.28-8.5%-2.5%0.2%哈萨克斯坦0.420.550.590.600.620.730.690.770.810.760.75-1.6%6.5%0.4%俄罗斯联邦5.776.166.266.306.606.346.486.466.566.726.39-5.1%1.9%3.7%土库曼斯坦0.240.250.260.270.280.280.280.280.280.290.28-5.3%3.0%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦0.190.160.150.170.150.150.160.160.180.190.16-13.6%-0.5%0.1%其他独联体国家0.130.130.150.150.150.150.170.160.190.180.16-12.9%3.2%0.1%独联体国家总计7.207.798.047.998.348.168.268.328.558.648.19-5.5%2.1%4.7%伊朗3.373.433.543.773.503.093.073.133.273.533.31-6.5%-0.2%1.9%伊拉克1.161.281.361.461.391.401.551.481.451.471.29-12.5%3.0%0.7%以色列0.480.510.600.440.420.450.460.500.490.500.42-16.1%0.7%0.2%科威特0.910.880.880.900.920.880.840.880.880.830.76-8.6%0.3%0.4%阿曼0.280.290.320.360.370.380.390.460.470.480.42-13.0%7.2%0.2%卡塔尔0.290.360.380.460.480.570.600.540.550.600.45-25.4%8.5%0.3%沙特阿拉伯5.746.036.346.366.987.247.166.996.606.676.51-2.6%2.5%3.7%阿拉伯联合酋长国1.341.441.511.681.671.821.971.951.941.861.51-18.9%4.1%0.9%其他中东国家1.491.471.391.281.281.111.071.091.081.091.03-5.4%-3.8%0.6%中东地区总计15.0515.6916.3216.7117.0216.9217.1117.0116.7317.0315.71-8.0%1.6%9.0%阿尔及利亚0.650.690.740.770.800.850.830.810.830.850.72-15.3%2.8%0.4%埃及1.521.431.491.511.631.681.721.601.471.481.33-10.4%0.2%0.8%摩洛哥0.520.550.560.560.530.520.540.570.550.560.50-11.4%1.9%0.3%南非1.081.101.131.151.131.251.201.191.191.171.02-13.7%1.2%0.6%其他非洲国家3.303.113.353.543.563.613.693.864.144.213.62-14.3%2.9%2.1%非洲总计7.086.887.267.537.657.917.978.038.188.287.19-13.4%2.1%4.1%澳大利亚1.791.881.942.002.011.992.002.092.132.111.83-13.5%1.8%1.1%孟加拉国0.170.220.230.230.260.270.300.330.380.380.33-12.2%9.5%0.2%中国18.9919.6820.6321.5422.3924.2425.0626.2027.0627.9428.501.7%5.3%16.4%中国香港特别行政区0.770.770.740.750.720.780.810.920.930.870.61-29.8%2.1%0.4%印度6.606.917.337.387.598.208.999.269.689.999.02-9.9%4.5%5.2%印度尼西亚2.903.163.333.293.253.052.963.153.223.162.34-26.2%1.5%1.3%日本8.788.789.378.958.508.167.947.827.587.326.49-11.5%-1.7%3.7%马来西亚1.291.381.451.541.541.431.601.511.521.591.38-13.9%2.2%0.8%新西兰0.300.310.310.310.320.330.340.360.360.360.30-17.3%1.9%0.2%巴基斯坦0.880.880.860.940.971.061.181.221.020.900.88-2.5%0.2%0.5%菲律宾0.620.590.610.640.680.770.830.890.890.910.75-18.2%4.3%0.4%新加坡2.572.682.672.692.762.913.023.103.143.052.93-4.0%2.7%1.7%韩国4.484.514.654.644.624.845.225.275.225.164.90-5.3%1.7%2.8%斯里兰卡0.180.190.200.170.190.180.210.230.230.250.21-16.2%3.1%0.1%中国台湾2.121.961.941.992.062.112.122.092.091.981.89-5.0%-0.2%1.1%泰国2.072.162.262.342.352.442.542.602.612.622.39-9.3%2.7%1.4%越南0.670.730.740.760.780.870.930.971.041.100.98-11.7%6.0%0.6%亚太其他国家和地区0.640.660.680.710.760.860.860.880.940.960.94-2.4%5.8%0.5%亚太地区总计55.8157.4659.9460.8861.7264.5066.9168.9170.0370.6766.68-5.9%3.0%38.4%全球总计172.53174.19176.64178.54179.65183.63186.87189.50191.33191.89173.73-9.7%1.4%100.0%其中：经合组织90.5089.2688.5388.0287.0788.4389.5390.2090.8690.1678.52-13.1%◆45.2%非经合组织82.0284.9388.1090.5292.5895.2097.3499.30100.46101.7395.21-6.7%2.8%54.8%欧盟24.7824.0223.0522.4722.0222.3822.8123.2023.2523.1720.03-13.8%-0.8%11.5%陆地燃油需求加上国际航油、船用油和炼厂自用燃料及损耗。不包括生物汽油（如燃料乙醇）、生物柴油和煤制或天然气制油。包括煤制或天然气制油。◆低于0.05%。备注：本页的全球消费数据与全球生产数据之间存在差异。原因包括库存的变化、非石油类添加物和替代燃料的消费，以及在定义、测量或换算石油供需数据时产生的不可避免的差异。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用艾焦为单位的数据。调整了闰年的增长率。以“百万吨”为单位的石油消费数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。25bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）2020年，全球石油产量出现2009年以来首次下降，下降幅度达660万桶/天，原因是石油输出国组织成员国（减少430万桶/天）和非石油输出国组织成员国（减少230万桶/天）产量均有下降。从各国产量来看，俄罗斯（减少100万桶/天）、利比亚（减少92万桶/天）和沙特阿拉伯（减少79万桶/天）均有下降。仅少数几个国家产量有所增长，主要有挪威（260,000桶/天）和巴西（150,000桶/天）。石油消费量出现了2009年以来首次下降，下降幅度达910万桶/天。经合组织国家（减少580万桶/天）和非经合组织国家（减少330万桶/天）产量均有下降。美国（减少230万桶/天）、欧盟（减少150万桶/天）和印度（减少48万桶/天）跌幅最大。中国（22万桶/天）是2020年需求有所增长的少数几个国家之一。100907080205040306010亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲9505001510200石油：分地区产量百万桶/天0100907080205040306010950500151020石油：分地区消费量百万桶/天石油：2020年人均消费量人均消费量（吉焦）0-2020-4040-6060-100>10026bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：地区消费量–按产品分类千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年北美洲乙烷和液化石油气302230983116329332303314338034103744380938741.7%2.8%18.6%石脑油379366332379350337329285291263228-13.4%-1.4%1.1%汽油96969432935694929566980199679945994998998456-14.6%0.1%40.7%航空煤油16181604158216311676176718421920196420001199-40.0%2.4%5.8%柴油/轻油49405010479048145032498647944880514450354554-9.6%0.7%21.9%燃料油803727657580451423472517472396304-23.1%-7.1%1.5%其他22892226225922762206227722402227221923092158-6.6%0.2%10.4%北美洲总计2274722462220932246522510229062302523184237842371020772-12.4%0.6%100.0%其中：美国乙烷和液化石油气216222122239244123842446246825272875293529841.7%3.7%17.4%石脑油256254236270231223219228233207185-10.8%-1.7%1.1%汽油81687926785879938056828083948393840083727222-13.7%0.1%42.0%航空煤油14521438140314401479155516231687171217501086-38.0%2.2%6.3%柴油/轻油39954022381638384060400538453925413340943756-8.3%0.7%21.9%燃料油532459367317256258325341317275217-21.1%-5.9%1.3%其他17561685166617111665175717491776177718411729-6.1%0.7%10.1%美国总计1832217997175861801118131185241862218878194471947517178-11.8%0.8%100.0%中南美洲乙烷和液化石油气640675712715707695711716715674667-1.0%0.4%12.7%石脑油187184185161156168154171150179156-13.1%-0.2%3.0%汽油12581382145015041526148815161525144313771153-16.3%1.6%21.9%航空煤油270284297303322326330331346352190-46.0%3.6%3.6%柴油/轻油20292120221923262317228922132204221722202104-5.2%1.8%39.9%燃料油709688698677689684624561525518477-8.0%-3.4%9.0%其他716732699805761727604628604568527-7.2%-1.8%10.0%中南美洲总计58096065626064916478637761516136600058895274-10.4%0.6%100.0%其中：巴西乙烷和液化石油气267290300316307296299305304305302-1.1%1.7%13.0%石脑油173168169147142155145163142171149-13.0%0.2%6.4%汽油393468514549575522541556483481449-6.5%3.9%19.4%航空煤油10812012612512912711611512412061-49.3%2.5%2.6%柴油/轻油84990196110091034986933944959987988◆3.0%42.5%燃料油1521261261391611491121109091943.8%-6.5%4.1%其他329359315371376323287287290282279-1.1%-1.1%12.0%巴西总计22712432250926552725255824332481239224382323-4.8%1.6%100.0%欧洲乙烷和液化石油气10211010100311231147116012071241126012081131-6.4%1.6%8.8%石脑油11199969639479068818979218377828123.8%-2.9%6.3%汽油23012201208420151983193219351939200820371768-13.2%-1.8%13.8%航空煤油1249125312261247127813471391147415421571737-53.1%2.3%5.8%柴油/轻油63816256613762006105639664966642659766206077-8.2%0.5%47.5%燃料油1325127711581033959914953967979941661-29.7%-4.3%5.2%其他19471921182316581601168917401745168616671602-3.9%-1.7%12.5%欧洲总计1534414914143931422313980143191461914929149081482612788-13.8%-0.4%100.0%其中：欧盟乙烷和液化石油气667662677786796781798822838799720-9.9%1.9%7.4%石脑油10459318968848488088178357627007425.9%-3.3%7.6%汽油16731602151614701466144114491463154315731377-12.5%-1.2%14.1%航空煤油82583681781782485889896110121036463-55.3%2.4%4.7%柴油/轻油50874947478248104713491349735068503650774673-7.9%0.1%47.8%燃料油114811061003885820784822825852824568-31.0%-3.9%5.8%其他15531547146313021280132713341344130512871230-4.5%-2.1%12.6%欧盟总计119981163211154109541074810911110901131811348112989774-13.5%-0.7%100.0%独联体国家乙烷和液化石油气3874424684214184394564764885235648.0%2.8%13.6%石脑油1931911761191151251261381561511510.2%-1.7%3.6%汽油97198410311075108710691063105610671052971-7.8%1.3%23.4%航空煤油280312317313291271350391362345293-15.0%2.7%7.1%柴油/轻油87097098510961137115010601111116611911126-5.4%4.2%27.2%燃料油332354352398467380401340357376323-14.1%1.0%7.8%其他545620661586649668700694724729720-1.3%2.0%17.4%独联体国家总计35783873399140084165410241564205432043674149-5.0%2.2%100.0%中东地区乙烷和液化石油气15781736184418061892192320502106214120762047-1.4%4.8%24.6%石脑油2582913002753333353353423063653680.9%3.5%4.4%汽油13791416149515871613163916781785182318521521-17.9%3.3%18.3%航空煤油437428442504488575601573558588282-52.1%2.8%3.4%柴油/轻油18521971204621212057190017981704167717731732-2.3%-0.4%20.8%燃料油191819472010203621232064203820431964192519963.7%0.6%24.0%其他374386365361379437502447411432376-12.9%0.2%4.5%中东地区总计77968176850286908885887390029000887990118321-7.7%2.0%100.0%非洲乙烷和液化石油气363373381387388386396414430439432-1.6%2.3%12.1%石脑油277346567776-10.3%-13.7%0.2%汽油8108108668808989751043108011821204999-17.1%4.5%28.1%航空煤油320304308319301261254261263262161-38.6%-1.2%4.5%柴油/轻油13121323138014801539163416051636164316791522-9.3%3.2%42.8%燃料油442379429428427418410379338321275-14.6%-2.8%7.7%其他192187186194192198192179183186165-11.2%-1.0%4.6%非洲总计34673383355336913749387739063956404540983559-13.1%2.2%100.0%◆低于0.05%。续表于下一页。27bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：地区消费量–按产品分类（续）千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年亚太地区乙烷和液化石油气27572872295830583228336937454012422242914240-1.2%5.0%12.6%石脑油350435233690382339754228428744604494453145340.1%3.5%13.5%汽油46194796507554565579610763436550676669916458-7.6%4.9%19.2%航空煤油22082216224823192361244125842720283128351925-32.1%3.3%5.7%柴油/轻油77678115852486178646884388479068922392838650-6.8%2.4%25.7%燃料油305331053225296828012812286627372574232823581.3%-2.6%7.0%其他391940304094417943224532485151445220543954510.2%4.6%16.2%亚太地区总计2782828658298153042130911323323352334690353303569833615-5.8%3.2%100.0%其中：中国乙烷和液化石油气6776916897718841028120713511408140314583.9%8.2%10.2%石脑油77881186891410321115118812771338144415698.7%9.2%11.0%汽油15911738186321432236260127072813298331112942-5.4%8.2%20.7%航空煤油437459495546588654731821903956795-16.9%10.2%5.6%柴油/轻油300531963453350335063540342034273435343035012.1%2.2%24.6%燃料油66658856056458462259355555656364414.5%-1.6%4.5%其他223522572243222722902505265328952953309833167.0%5.6%23.3%中国总计939097391017010668111201206612499131371357614005142251.6%5.4%100.0%其中：印度乙烷和液化石油气490534548558613661750858971104710560.9%8.6%22.6%石脑油23124326225024028528823823822525011.2%-1.3%5.4%汽油288302321353382441490539575621553-11.0%9.1%11.8%航空煤油301300279274276280274249254235132-44.0%-2.4%2.8%柴油/轻油12161299140414081416149115711627170117281477-14.5%4.3%31.6%燃料油199178147117107113136122120114110-3.3%-6.5%2.4%其他58361871375679887510351092111511781092-7.3%7.0%23.4%印度总计33083475367437173832414745444724497451484669-9.3%4.8%100.0%其中：日本乙烷和液化石油气492496536508492443419424402352324-7.8%-3.5%9.9%石脑油677632614666637680642675621632574-9.2%◆17.6%汽油1001974975945915905896881865842774-8.1%-1.6%23.7%航空煤油550527539528516495504514499486367-24.4%-1.1%11.2%柴油/轻油841816821817803786786782782771722-6.4%-0.8%22.1%燃料油442577824646532433371284269210190-9.5%-7.3%5.8%其他422391367387384373370393388397317-20.1%-0.7%9.7%日本总计44244412467644964279411339883953382436893268-11.4%-1.7%100.0%全球乙烷和液化石油气976910207104831080311009112871194512374129981302012955-0.5%3.5%14.6%石脑油56665558564957085841607961336324624062786255-0.4%1.9%7.1%汽油2103421022213582200922251230112354523881242372441221325-12.6%1.6%24.1%航空煤油63846401642066366717698873527670786579534787-39.8%2.6%5.4%柴油/轻油2515025764260812665526832271982681327243276692780125765-7.3%1.5%29.1%燃料油85838477852981187917769577647544720968056393-6.0%-2.4%7.2%其他998210102100871006010109105281082811063110461133010998-2.9%1.7%12.4%全球总计8656887530886078998890677927879438196099972659759888477-9.3%1.5%100.0%经合组织乙烷和液化石油气49244968500852655190522253565408574157315686-0.8%1.8%14.1%石脑油30992986298730573000304230473145299128842726-5.5%◆6.8%汽油1350013111129431301113044132671345413428134871345911615-13.7%-0.2%28.8%航空煤油37773744371637813851400641604340445345102565-43.1%2.0%6.4%柴油/轻油1285512838125661266512790130671299313244134731337912250-8.4%0.7%30.4%燃料油27892769284824492097193219861903185016371282-21.7%-5.7%3.2%其他47414658456144284267441544304448437844574159-6.7%-0.7%10.3%经合组织总计4568445074446284465644239449504542645916463724605640282-12.5%0.2%100.0%非经合组织乙烷和液化石油气48455239547555375819606565896966725872897269-0.3%5.1%15.1%石脑油256725712662265128423037308631793249339435294.0%3.8%7.3%汽油753479118415899992089744100911045310751109549710-11.4%4.5%20.1%航空煤油26072656270528542866298231923330341234432222-35.5%3.5%4.6%柴油/轻油1229612926135151399014042141311381914000141961442213515-6.3%2.2%28.0%燃料油57945709568156705820576357785641535951675111-1.1%-1.0%10.6%其他52415444552656325842611363986615666868736839-0.5%3.5%14.2%非经合组织总计4088442456439794533346438478364895450184508925154248195-6.5%3.0%100.0%◆低于0.05%。备注：汽油包括汽车和航空用汽油、汽油以及轻质馏分原料（LDF）。柴油/轻油包括船用汽油。“燃料油”包括船用汽油以及直接作为燃料的原油。“其他”包括炼厂干气、溶剂油、石油焦、润滑油、沥青、石蜡、其他炼油产品和炼厂燃料及损耗。汽油与石脑油归类为“轻质馏分油”。“中质馏分油”包括柴油/轻油与航空煤油。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。28bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）原油现货价格美元/桶迪拜原油价格（美元/桶）布伦特原油价格（美元/桶）†尼日利亚福卡多斯原油价格（美元/桶）美国西德克萨斯中质原油价格（美元/桶）‡198527.5327.5627.7527.98198613.1014.4314.4615.05198716.9518.4418.3919.19198813.1814.9215.0015.98198915.5918.2318.3019.67199020.2123.7323.8524.46199116.7020.0020.1121.53199217.1819.3219.6120.57199314.9916.9717.4118.45199414.6915.8216.2517.21199516.0817.0217.2618.42199619.2620.6721.1622.16199718.3119.0919.3320.61199812.3012.7212.6314.39199916.9017.9717.9819.31200026.2728.5028.4230.37200122.7824.4424.2325.93200223.6025.0225.0426.16200326.7528.8328.6831.06200433.5138.2738.1341.49200546.7854.5255.6956.59200661.4865.1467.0766.04200767.9272.3974.4872.20200894.2897.26101.43100.06200961.1461.6763.3561.92201077.7879.5081.0579.452011105.93111.26113.6595.042012109.06111.67114.2194.132013105.47108.66111.9597.99201497.0298.95101.3593.28201551.2252.3954.4148.71201641.0243.7344.5443.34201753.0254.1954.3150.79201870.1571.3172.4765.20201963.7164.2164.9557.03202042.4141.8442.3139.251973-1985年阿拉伯轻质原油价格，1986-2020年即期迪拜原油现货价格。数据来源：标普全球普氏能源资讯，©2020，标普全球公司†1976-1983年福蒂斯原油价格，1984-2020年即期布伦特原油现货价格。‡1976-1983年公布的美国西德克萨斯中质原油价格，1984-2020年美国西德克萨斯中质原油（库欣）现货价格。1861-1944年美国平均价格1945-1983年拉斯塔努拉公布的阿拉伯轻质原油价格1984-2020年即期布伦特价格2020年美元价格（按美国消费者物价指数平减）当日美元价格东德克萨斯发现油田1861-691870-791880-891890-991900-091910-191920-291930-391940-491950-591960-691970-791980-891990-992000-092010-192020-29德克萨斯发现“斯平德尔托普”油田战后重建苏伊士运河危机伊朗革命伊拉克入侵科威特委内瑞拉石油产量增长伊朗石油供应中断净回值计价法投入使用亚洲金融危机赎罪日战争（第四次中东战争）俄罗斯开始出口石油苏门答腊开始生产石油美国担心石油供应短缺宾夕法尼亚石油市场繁荣伊拉克战争“阿拉伯之春”新冠肺炎疫情10203040506070809010011014012013001861-2020原油价格美元/桶全球性重大事件29bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）备注：图中炼油利润率为全球三大炼油中心地区的基准利润率:美国墨西哥湾、西北欧（鹿特丹）和新加坡。计算结果均基于该地区常用的一种原油和典型炼厂加工装置（裂解、加氢裂化或焦化）的最优产出率。该利润率结果基于半变动成本计算，即去除所有纯可变成本和固定成本之后得出的利润率。2020年全球炼厂加工量减少了740万桶/天（下降9.0%），反映出石油产品需求疲软。这是有记录以来原油加工量的最大跌幅，超过了1981年（下降5.4%）。所有地区的加工量均有所下降，其中北美洲（减少260万桶/天，即下降13.6%）和欧洲（减少150万桶/天，即下降11.8%）跌幅最大。全球炼厂产能仅增长了20万桶/天，其中亚洲的增长被美国和欧洲炼厂关闭所抵消。受此影响，全球炼厂开工率也大幅下降了8.0个百分点至74.1%，属于有记录以来的最大年度降幅。中南美洲和非洲的开工率分别降至53.3%和54.6%的历史新低。10111213141516171819201009060705080北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲亚太地区全球炼厂开工率百分比（基于年均产能）1011121314151617182019-52520151050美国墨西哥湾中质高硫原油焦化西北欧轻质低硫原油裂化新加坡中质高硫原油加氢裂化各地区炼油毛利美元/桶成品油价格（鹿特丹）美元/桶数据来源：标普全球普氏能源资讯，©2020，标普全球公司02040608010012014016005060708091011121314151617191820汽油柴油高硫燃料油成品油与原油差价（鹿特丹成品油价格减去即期布伦特价格）美元/桶数据来源：标普全球普氏能源资讯，©2020，标普全球公司-50-40-30-20-1001020403005060708091011121314151617191820汽油柴油高硫燃料油30bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：炼厂加工量千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大17701681175317191615164015941757165318221585-13.0%0.5%2.1%墨西哥118411661199122311551064933767612592591-0.2%-6.7%0.8%美国1472414806149991531215848161881618716590169691656314212-14.2%1.5%18.8%北美总计1767817653179511825418618188921871419114192341897716387-13.6%1.0%21.7%阿根廷531516530527526536511500470476417-12.4%-1.1%0.6%巴西178718131889203520851972181217411733175117691.0%-0.2%2.3%智利159173164174174165163172172186177-4.8%-0.3%0.2%哥伦比亚300306305284247244339355383384330-14.1%2.4%0.4%库拉索岛6416416517018917815684294–-100.0%-31.4%–厄瓜多尔137156152141125121150156159142116-18.1%-0.9%0.2%秘鲁201193190186188188194213209192105-45.2%-0.3%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥12613710713210512514813199––n/a-100.0%–委内瑞拉969991936952920863654544306135123-8.9%-17.8%0.2%其他中南美洲国家7007043262862772752312012492412503.4%-11.2%0.3%中南美洲总计49745153476448874836466743594097380835123288-6.4%-3.9%4.4%奥地利158168170174173179164162180183161-12.1%0.8%0.2%比利时668598634555645644640685663693544-21.5%1.0%0.7%保加利亚11010211811310412112513611813798-28.4%0.9%0.1%捷克共和国159143145134151145109158151158122-22.9%0.6%0.2%丹麦146137153144139147140151152154142-7.3%-0.2%0.2%芬兰211225215227225197226226233240219-8.6%0.9%0.3%法国131413131138111710961152112211491085978662-32.3%-3.9%0.9%德国19151876190118571833187518871870177517631701-3.5%-1.4%2.3%希腊393331410399416436464483489462445-3.7%3.0%0.6%匈牙利128132122120131130133131141137135-1.6%0.7%0.2%意大利16731570147512591198134712931399134613551115-17.7%-1.7%1.5%立陶宛190189181192160170187197195191167-12.6%0.9%0.2%荷兰11561115111010651090115711721180119212171134-6.8%1.0%1.5%挪威259289287292274293230281305265235-11.3%-0.5%0.3%波兰458482505488486532517508540546513-6.1%3.0%0.7%葡萄牙227206221239217278279284252223214-4.4%0.7%0.3%罗马尼亚217194182189194208228225232244206-15.5%-0.1%0.3%斯洛伐克1101201081161051191151121091031128.8%-1.1%0.1%西班牙10601051118611681185130613021326136313181105-16.2%2.2%1.5%瑞典4063744173323804013953924063373493.6%-1.6%0.5%土耳其392394398421406526531542472675654-3.1%6.1%0.9%乌克兰24920610885696464775964685.9%-12.9%0.1%英国1395143313481197112511181071107310411044886-15.1%-3.2%1.2%其他欧洲国家184158132136128141148165166123112-8.7%-4.7%0.1%欧洲总计1332712953127931217312082128101266613032127871271511211-11.8%-0.5%14.8%阿塞拜疆124127124132135130120118122124118-5.4%0.3%0.2%白俄罗斯330411434425448462372364366359313-12.7%-1.9%0.4%哈萨克斯坦257326331341361342339355374392367-6.4%5.2%0.5%俄罗斯联邦50185185543856365926577357155703586458245498-5.6%2.0%7.3%土库曼斯坦170164156146136127118125117122118-3.4%-2.1%0.2%乌兹别克斯坦7369626150575758706057-4.9%-3.7%0.1%其他独联体国家332247891174-43.9%10.8%◆独联体国家总计59756286654867427060689967306732692368896475-6.0%1.7%8.6%巴林265259263264257266258262260264222-16.1%0.3%0.3%伊朗18301874193320001941186818751961202722362182-2.4%2.0%2.9%伊拉克520543579598487409440527596611536-12.3%3.9%0.7%以色列217218220221226232213223238242193-20.2%0.9%0.3%科威特892852916873879905841686679663539-18.6%-2.7%0.7%阿曼167201193187180190178232304257238-7.1%2.4%0.3%卡塔尔294278292270261253280379397396366-7.6%9.6%0.5%沙特阿拉伯19221884195318762201244727532802277026492326-12.2%3.2%3.1%阿拉伯联合酋长国57163563865064310981078111910961037871-16.0%7.7%1.2%其他中东国家3813492682382301811441611531651660.6%-8.1%0.2%中东地区总计70597092725471777306784780598351851985197639-10.3%2.3%10.1%阿尔及利亚548520478492615591584573601569557-2.2%1.8%0.7%埃及5805235345145305305095085195626027.1%-0.6%0.8%摩洛哥11010311111110453–––––n/a-100.0%–尼日利亚961089297642262814470-95.6%-17.1%◆南非400393413422440453474447455453338-25.4%1.3%0.4%其他非洲国家701512586594444455459429446447328-26.5%-4.3%0.4%非洲总计24342160221422302197210320872038206520391826-10.5%-1.2%2.4%澳大利亚606627600588538427433419474465388-16.5%-2.1%0.5%中国8408868691999599101651082411304118441257413433138573.2%6.1%18.4%印度38994085430244624475456149305010515451194493-12.2%3.5%6.0%印度尼西亚853880820822848836885885916918826-10.0%0.2%1.1%日本36193410340034533289325832803214305930462492-18.2%-1.7%3.3%马来西亚470516575557552514574570566586491-16.2%0.6%0.6%新西兰10010810910510110910710810311076-30.9%1.4%0.1%巴基斯坦190193192223232257242261275243210-13.8%1.5%0.3%菲律宾181190170158168212216211237180106-41.1%2.0%0.1%新加坡97910351020936839901929994974930798-14.2%1.0%1.1%韩国23902533258224842516278429283061303129222679-8.3%2.4%3.5%中国台湾876809897847850838861848889890726-18.5%-0.7%1.0%泰国96393498610561005110710561093113110251005-2.0%0.9%1.3%越南121137126148129155155141221276276-0.1%25.7%0.4%亚太其他国家和地区96100899895871031009813024184.8%3.0%0.3%亚太地区总计2377524267250902556325826268962802628788297273030328685-5.3%3.1%38.0%全球总计7522375564766147702777925801138064182152830638295475512-9.0%1.3%100.0%其中：经合组织3763537321375833721237297383873827939096389053847833449-13.1%0.4%44.3%非经合组织3758838244390313981540628417274236243056441584447642063-5.4%2.1%55.7%欧盟108411045210513100051002910670106271090710755105429240-12.4%-0.3%12.2%以日历日为单位计算常压蒸馏能力。数据来源：包括来自ICIS的数据。◆低于0.05%n/a。31bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：炼厂产能千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大191320052015192919291931193419701939205420650.5%0.4%2.0%墨西哥14631606160616061522152215221546155815581558–0.6%1.5%美国1773617367178231792517967183171861718598188081897418143-4.4%0.8%17.8%北美总计2111220977214432146021418217702207322113223052258621766-3.6%0.7%21.4%阿根廷625625657657657657657657580580580–-0.7%0.6%巴西19922014200420972238228122892285228522902290–1.4%2.2%智利242250254254258258258258258258258–0.6%0.3%哥伦比亚350336336336336421421421421421421–1.9%0.4%库拉索岛320320320320320320320320320320320––0.3%厄瓜多尔175175175175175175175175175175175––0.2%秘鲁252252252253253253253253253253253–◆0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥165165165165165165165165165165165––0.2%委内瑞拉13031303130313031303130313031303130313031303––1.3%其他中南美洲国家9341046420380395403403403403403403–-8.1%0.4%中南美洲总计63586486588659406100623662446240616361686168–-0.3%6.1%奥地利201193193193193193193193193193193–-0.4%0.2%比利时787788753776776776776776776776776–-0.1%0.8%保加利亚195195195195195195195195195195195–0.8%0.2%捷克共和国193193175175175175175175175175175–-1.0%0.2%丹麦189181181181180180180181181181181–-0.4%0.2%芬兰261261261261261261261261261261261––0.3%法国17021610151313751375137512451245124512451245–-3.9%1.2%德国20912077209720612077204920512069208520852085–-1.2%2.0%希腊490495498498498528528528528528528–2.2%0.5%匈牙利165165165165165165165165165165165––0.2%意大利23962276209818611900190019001900190019001900–-2.3%1.9%立陶宛241241241241241241241241241241241––0.2%荷兰12741276127912791279129812981299129912911229-4.9%0.1%1.2%挪威316329342342342342342342342342342–0.8%0.3%波兰560580582582582581581568581581581–1.7%0.6%葡萄牙306306330330330330330330330330330–0.7%0.3%罗马尼亚247229214235228239256247254252252–-1.2%0.2%斯洛伐克122122122122122122122122122122122––0.1%西班牙14211542154615461546156215621562156415861586–1.5%1.6%瑞典454454454454454454454454454454454––0.4%土耳其613596596596596596596596818822822–3.0%0.8%乌克兰686700314-258250250250250250250–-10.3%0.2%英国175717871526149813371337122712271227122712512.0%-3.5%1.2%其他欧洲国家490432460410410410410393355355311-12.5%-3.2%0.3%欧洲总计1737417244163151559115735157031548215460156831570015617-0.5%-1.2%15.3%阿塞拜疆325325325325325325325205120120120–-9.5%0.1%白俄罗斯460460460460460460460490520520520–1.2%0.5%哈萨克斯坦330330330350350350350360390400400–1.9%0.4%俄罗斯联邦552756735767622963666472654365456551667667360.9%2.2%6.6%土库曼斯坦251251251251251271271271271271271–0.8%0.3%乌兹别克斯坦232232232232232232232232232232232––0.2%其他独联体国家141316183544454848516119.3%12.2%0.1%独联体国家总计713972847381786580198154822681518132827083400.8%1.7%8.2%巴林260260260260260260260260260260260––0.3%伊朗19501950204220752075207520752220233024952475-0.8%2.5%2.4%伊拉克914935971917791763779779849919919–0.7%0.9%以色列280292292294301301301301301301301–0.9%0.3%科威特9369369369369369369367367367368008.7%-2.4%0.8%阿曼222222222222222222222304304304304–3.2%0.3%卡塔尔283283283283283283429429429429429–4.2%0.4%沙特阿拉伯21092107210725072899289929012826283529052905–3.3%2.8%阿拉伯联合酋长国7027077127127281149114912291229130713311.8%6.4%1.3%其他中东国家496496496496496496496496496496496––0.5%中东地区总计81528188832187028991938495489580976910152102200.7%2.3%10.0%阿尔及利亚554652652647651651651657657657657–1.7%0.6%埃及810810810810810810810810795795795–-0.2%0.8%摩洛哥131131201201201201201201201201200-0.4%4.4%0.2%尼日利亚321446446446449449449449454460460–7.7%0.5%南非520520520520520520520520520520520––0.5%其他非洲国家97310141014724726726726706711711711–-3.1%0.7%非洲总计33093573364333473357335733573343333833443343◆0.4%3.3%澳大利亚7407426636625364434524544544554560.1%-4.7%0.4%中国12323130151368114503152531502414895152311565516199166913.0%3.6%16.4%印度370337954279431943194307462046994972499450180.5%3.4%4.9%印度尼西亚109910991099109910991111111111111094111111271.4%0.1%1.1%日本42914274425441233749372136003343334333433285-1.7%-3.2%3.2%马来西亚58260160661261261261862562562595552.8%0.9%0.9%新西兰136136136136136136136136136136136––0.1%巴基斯坦2792792753903903893894014014014112.5%3.8%0.4%菲律宾264261261270271271271271271271180-33.6%0.1%0.2%新加坡14271427142214141514151415141514151415141514–0.6%1.5%韩国277428642878287831233128325932983346339335725.3%2.1%3.5%中国台湾1197119711971197119798898810831083108311314.4%-1.0%1.1%泰国123012301230123712521252123512351235123512450.8%◆1.2%越南162159159159159159163167367367367–8.5%0.4%亚太其他国家和地区1831841841901971971971971973573580.1%6.9%0.4%亚太地区总计30427313023236333231338493329433490338083473535527364922.7%1.8%35.8%全球总计93871950549535396136974709789898420986961001251017481019470.2%0.9%100.0%其中：经合组织4568045560453884489344501447874486944700451934554144804-1.6%-0.1%43.9%非经合组织48191494944996551243529695311153550539955493356207571431.7%1.8%56.1%欧盟1354413432131431277712824128711276112757127581277012663-0.8%-0.8%12.4%以日历日为单位计算年末常压蒸馏能力.数据来源：包括来自ICIS的数据。◆低于0.05%。32bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）石油：贸易流向千桶/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年进口美国1168911338105879859924194511005610148994391427863-14.0%-2.2%12.1%欧洲1240712489127211292012957139931435414700141511486612611-15.2%1.5%19.4%中国5886629566756978739883339214102411102811826128658.8%8.8%19.8%印度37493823416843704155438049454920519653945030-6.7%4.4%7.7%日本45674494474346374383433241804142394037803310-12.4%-1.2%5.1%世界其他地区1704817634178122001221193220262377625663258532539723381-7.9%4.0%35.9%全球总计5534656072567065877659328625156652669814701117040465061-7.6%2.6%100.0%出口加拿大25992798305632963536383638904241450046894427-5.6%6.4%6.8%墨西哥15391487136613471293132313801290131612721252-1.6%-1.3%1.9%美国215424952682356340334521507858887041809581170.3%15.3%12.5%中南美洲35683755383037903939410741473958373934633455-0.2%-0.8%5.3%欧洲19662139218125452467292630823392337531482742-12.9%4.3%4.2%俄罗斯73977448745779487792831388148992811783807433-11.3%1.4%11.4%其他独联体国家20392180196221662092210020962201202321352073-2.9%1.4%3.2%沙特阿拉伯75958120846883657911796886068404858184748027-5.3%1.5%12.3%中东地区（不包括沙特阿拉伯）1197612188117421224212699135371532116255161541492113915-6.7%2.4%21.4%北非28781951260221271743170117272226242225511550-39.2%-1.4%2.4%西非47554759472445904849488044014531455747304244-10.3%0.4%6.5%亚太地区（不包括日本）62266088629963076450678073567811773179927399-7.4%3.6%11.4%世界其他地区653663338491524525625625555555428-22.8%-8.4%0.7%全球总计5534656072567065877659328625156652669814701117040465061-7.6%2.6%100.0%备注：除特别说明外，本表记录的跨地区贸易是基于表“2019年和2020年石油贸易”中的地区划分。航运使用的油量不计算在出口量内。不含地区内部贸易活动（如欧洲国家之间）。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶/天为单位的数据。石油：2020年地区间贸易流向到原油（百万吨）从加拿大墨西哥美国中南美洲欧洲俄罗斯联邦其他独联体国家中东地区非洲大洋洲中国印度日本新加坡亚太其他国家和地区总计加拿大––179.70.54.7––†††3.21.0–†0.3189.3墨西哥––32.80.18.4––0.1––0.48.00.1–7.056.8美国21.3––8.557.9†0.11.90.23.319.810.72.02.726.9155.3中南美洲0.4†30.3–12.3†–1.20.6–72.016.02.25.35.2145.7欧洲0.9–2.10.7–†0.10.50.4†18.81.6–0.12.928.2俄罗斯联邦––3.70.4138.2–14.80.10.10.783.42.65.10.210.6260.0其他独联体国家†–0.90.166.0†–7.10.90.26.33.60.90.36.993.2伊拉克––8.90.344.9††1.01.4–60.147.30.51.013.6178.9科威特––1.0–2.5––†3.6–27.59.911.33.237.596.5沙特阿拉伯3.7–24.92.941.9–0.110.68.40.284.937.649.64.879.5349.1阿拉伯联合酋长国––0.3†0.4†–†1.13.931.222.238.310.934.6142.7其他中东国家–––†1.0–†5.70.10.253.112.911.57.915.3107.7北非––0.91.031.8–0.10.9†2.03.44.50.51.14.751.0西非1.6–7.13.365.4††4.38.11.271.821.40.23.116.0203.7东南非洲†–0.4†0.3†–††–2.10.60.1†0.33.8大洋洲†––††––0.2†–1.40.10.31.85.69.4中国†––††–†††––0.10.10.20.71.1印度–––††––†††–––††0.1日本–––†––––††––––††新加坡–––†–––††0.2–†––1.51.7亚太其他国家和地区†–0.8††––0.40.56.817.84.01.03.4–34.6进口总计27.9†293.717.8475.9†15.234.025.518.7557.2203.9123.546.1269.02108.6成品油（百万吨）从加拿大–1.025.10.90.70.1††††1.1†1.20.20.330.5墨西哥†–4.50.20.1–††0.2†††0.20.30.15.5美国24.449.9–71.824.6††2.16.21.58.69.612.13.725.6240.2中南美洲0.10.66.1–3.2††0.43.0†1.30.10.76.14.225.7欧洲3.21.817.47.2–0.11.013.243.60.52.11.10.54.97.8104.4俄罗斯联邦0.2–22.31.257.5–1.02.93.0†3.01.31.13.99.5106.8其他独联体国家††0.50.16.70.3–0.10.4†0.40.1††1.39.9伊拉克––†††††0.5†–0.34.00.15.33.613.7科威特––0.4†1.7–†4.12.1†1.42.41.81.18.023.0沙特阿拉伯†–1.10.212.4††5.69.2†3.36.81.12.77.149.7阿拉伯联合酋长国†–0.70.74.1††5.511.10.45.37.63.55.123.467.4其他中东国家0.1†1.10.55.9†0.110.35.0†7.26.95.22.713.458.4北非††1.70.812.6††0.80.5†2.30.30.81.83.825.4西非††0.80.92.0†††0.6†1.40.1†0.61.57.9东南非洲†††0.20.2††1.40.5††††0.10.22.7大洋洲††–0.11.2††††–1.1†1.51.40.65.9中国0.20.90.24.73.4†0.11.63.94.1–0.70.812.632.165.2印度0.2–3.82.86.1††11.910.71.30.7–1.35.911.155.9日本†0.11.10.20.3†††0.14.11.80.1–1.84.514.2新加坡0.1†1.20.90.9††2.23.48.18.61.60.4–44.071.5亚太其他国家和地区0.20.17.01.14.10.20.21.65.412.332.02.87.836.8–111.5进口总计28.754.495.094.5147.70.72.464.2108.932.381.945.440.197.1201.91095.2†低于0.05。备注：不含生物燃料贸易。航运使用的油量不计算在出口量内。不含地区内部贸易活动（如欧洲国家之间）。原油进出口包含凝析油。33bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）67.3195.7775.75.738.3114.999122.81212274.346644.644.66632.811157.51549.820.140.22235.7232345.5454545.586.419.636.473.221.573.2444.444204.872.780.337.249.945.819.152.528.342.044.04040004444.26.082.6美国加拿大墨西哥中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲亚太地区2020年石油主要贸易流向全球贸易流向（百万吨）2019年和2020年石油贸易2019年2020年百万吨原油进口量成品油进口量原油出口量成品油出口量原油进口量成品油进口量原油出口量成品油出口量加拿大34.832.8197.734.427.928.7189.330.5墨西哥†60.358.25.0†54.456.85.5美国338.7111.9142.5250.3293.795.0155.3240.2中南美洲21.1109.4146.824.617.894.5145.725.7欧洲556.0177.028.1123.6475.9147.728.2104.4俄罗斯联邦†0.6289.0123.3†0.7260.0106.8其他独联体国家18.51.793.912.015.22.493.29.9伊拉克†7.2204.413.4†3.2178.913.7科威特†0.799.924.1†0.896.523.0沙特阿拉伯0.110.0366.053.70.113.6349.149.7阿拉伯联合酋长国8.833.3135.477.411.630.2142.767.4其他中东国家26.018.8120.560.722.316.4107.758.4北非5.832.097.828.18.732.151.025.4西非0.436.1226.88.40.538.1203.77.9东南非洲19.641.65.52.616.338.63.82.7大洋洲22.932.211.75.618.732.39.45.9中国507.378.40.472.5557.281.91.165.2印度221.844.90.166.2203.945.40.155.9日本146.939.7†18.7123.540.1†14.2新加坡49.6112.41.976.946.197.11.771.5亚太其他国家和地区287.3210.439.0110.1269.0201.934.6111.5全球总计2265.61191.52265.61191.52108.61095.22108.61095.2千桶/天加拿大69968639717195585983791636墨西哥‡12611169104‡11341138114美国68022340286252335883198131105007中南美洲4242287294951435719692918537欧洲1116736995642583953230795642177俄罗斯联邦‡1358032577‡1652072226其他独联体国家372361885250304501866207伊拉克‡1504105280‡683583285科威特‡162005503‡161933479沙特阿拉伯120873511123228369911035阿拉伯联合酋长国1776962719161823362928571405其他中东国家5223932421127044634321561217北非11666919635871736701021529西非97544555175117954079165东南非洲393870110533278057756大洋洲459672234117374673187122中国10187163991516111581707221360印度445594011384408494611165日本2950830‡3912474836‡295新加坡99723503916089242025331490亚太其他国家和地区576943997822302538742106932325全球总计4549724907454972490742229228324222922832†低于0.05。‡低于0.5。备注：不包括生物燃料贸易。航运使用的油量不计算在出口量内。不含地区内部贸易活动（如欧洲国家之间）。原油进出口包含凝析油。34bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）探明储量2000年底2010年底2019年底2020年底万亿立方米万亿立方米万亿立方米万亿立方米万亿立方英尺占总量比例储产比加拿大1.61.92.02.483.11.3%14.2墨西哥0.80.40.20.26.30.1%5.9美国4.88.312.612.6445.66.7%13.8北美洲总计7.310.514.815.2535.08.1%13.7阿根廷0.80.30.40.413.60.2%10.1玻利维亚0.20.30.20.27.50.1%14.8巴西0.20.40.40.312.30.2%14.6哥伦比亚0.10.10.10.13.0◆6.5秘鲁0.20.30.30.39.20.1%21.6特立尼达和多巴哥0.50.40.30.310.20.2%9.8委内瑞拉4.66.16.36.3221.13.3%333.9其他中南美洲国家0.10.10.10.11.9◆19.7中南美洲总计6.88.17.97.9278.94.2%51.7丹麦0.10.1††1.0◆20.3德国0.20.1††0.7◆4.4意大利0.20.1††1.5◆10.9荷兰1.61.20.10.14.60.1%6.5挪威1.22.01.51.450.50.8%12.8波兰0.10.10.10.12.6◆18.4罗马尼亚0.20.10.10.12.8◆9.1乌克兰0.80.71.11.138.50.6%57.5英国0.70.30.20.26.60.1%4.7其他欧洲国家0.20.10.10.13.2◆14.3欧洲总计5.44.73.33.2111.91.7%14.5阿塞拜疆1.01.02.52.588.41.3%96.9哈萨克斯坦1.71.72.32.379.71.2%71.2俄罗斯联邦33.234.137.637.41320.519.9%58.6土库曼斯坦1.813.613.613.6480.37.2%230.7乌兹别克斯坦0.90.90.80.829.90.4%18.0其他独联体国家††††0.1◆9.1独联体国家总计38.651.356.856.61998.930.1%70.5巴林0.30.20.10.12.3◆3.9伊朗25.432.332.132.11133.617.1%128.0伊拉克3.03.03.53.5124.61.9%336.3以色列†0.20.60.620.80.3%39.7科威特1.51.71.71.759.90.9%113.2阿曼0.80.50.70.723.50.4%18.0卡塔尔14.925.924.724.7871.113.1%144.0沙特阿拉伯6.07.56.06.0212.63.2%53.7叙利亚0.20.30.30.39.50.1%89.6阿拉伯联合酋长国5.85.95.95.9209.73.2%107.1也门0.30.30.30.39.40.1%2618.8其他中东国家††††0.2◆24.7中东地区总计58.377.875.875.82677.140.3%110.4阿尔及利亚4.44.34.32.380.51.2%28.0埃及1.42.12.12.175.51.1%36.6利比亚1.21.41.41.450.50.8%107.4尼日利亚3.94.95.55.5193.32.9%110.7其他非洲国家1.01.21.61.655.40.8%54.8非洲总计11.914.014.912.9455.26.9%55.7澳大利亚1.72.92.42.484.41.3%16.8孟加拉国0.30.30.10.13.90.1%4.5文莱0.40.30.20.27.90.1%17.6中国1.42.78.48.4296.64.5%43.3印度0.71.11.31.346.60.7%55.6印度尼西亚2.73.01.41.344.20.7%19.8马来西亚1.11.00.90.932.10.5%12.4缅甸0.30.20.40.415.30.2%24.4巴基斯坦0.50.60.40.413.60.2%12.6巴布亚新几内亚†0.10.20.25.80.1%13.7泰国0.40.30.10.15.10.1%4.4越南0.20.60.60.622.80.3%74.1亚太其他国家和地区0.20.30.20.26.70.1%11.5亚太地区总计9.813.516.816.6584.88.8%25.4全球总计138.0179.9190.3188.16641.8100.0%48.8其中：经合组织13.617.620.020.3716.210.8%13.7非经合组织124.4162.4170.3167.85925.689.2%70.6欧盟2.51.60.40.415.60.2%9.2数据来源—在编辑本表格估测数字的过程中，我们综合采用了第一手的官方资料，以及来自法国Cedigaz公司、石油输出国组织秘书处的第三方数据。上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，并依据40MJ/m3总热值（GCV）标准化。†低于0.05。◆低于0.05%。备注：天然气的探明储量—通常是指：通过地质与工程信息以合理的确定性表明，在现有的经济与作业条件下，将来可从已知储层采出的天然气储量。天然气储量数据并不一定符合公司层面用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法：例如美国证券交易委员会（SEC）所发布的用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法。这些数据也并不一定代表bp公司对各国探明储量的看法。储量/产量（储产比）比率—用任何一年年底的剩余储量除以该年度产量所得出的结果，表明剩余储量以该年度的生产水平可供开采的年限。天然气35bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）2020年全球天然气探明储量减少了2.2万亿立方米，至188.1万亿立方米。阿尔及利亚（减少2.1万亿立方米）降幅最大，但部分被加拿大储量增长0.4万亿立方米所抵消。俄罗斯（37万亿立方米）、伊朗（32万亿立方米）和卡塔尔（25万亿立方米）是储量最大的国家。根据2020年的全球储产比，全球天然气还可以以现有的生产水平生产48.8年。中东地区（110.4年）和独联体（70.5年）是储产比最高的地区。120406080100200北美洲中南美洲欧洲中东地区非洲独联体国家亚太地区2020年分地区储产比年份600500400300100200909500051015200北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家非洲中东地区亚太地区全球历史2000年、2010年与2020年探明储量分布百分比8.140.34.21.76.930.18.828.54.57.82.643.27.52020总量188.1万亿立方米2010总量179.9万亿立方米2000总量138.0万亿立方米7.142.23.98.64.928.05.85.3中东地区独联体国家亚太地区北美洲非洲中南美洲欧洲36bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：产量（单位：十亿立方米）十亿立方米2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大149.6151.1150.3151.9159.0160.8172.0173.9176.8169.0165.2-2.5%0.9%4.3%墨西哥51.252.150.952.551.347.943.738.335.231.330.1-4.2%-5.1%0.8%美国575.2617.4649.1655.7704.7740.3727.4746.2840.9930.0914.6-1.9%5.2%23.7%北美洲总计775.9820.5850.3860.1915.0949.0943.0958.31052.91130.31109.9-2.1%4.0%28.8%阿根廷39.037.736.734.634.535.537.337.139.441.638.3-8.2%0.3%1.0%玻利维亚13.715.017.119.620.319.618.818.217.015.014.4-3.9%2.3%0.4%巴西15.017.219.821.923.323.824.127.225.225.723.9-7.3%7.7%0.6%哥伦比亚10.810.511.513.212.311.612.012.312.913.213.30.2%2.7%0.3%秘鲁7.311.512.012.413.112.714.013.012.813.512.1-10.7%14.2%0.3%特立尼达和多巴哥40.338.738.538.738.136.031.331.934.034.629.5-15.0%-1.1%0.8%委内瑞拉30.530.231.930.631.836.137.238.631.625.618.8-26.9%-2.2%0.5%其他中南美洲国家3.83.23.02.72.62.93.13.13.03.22.7-16.3%-1.7%0.1%中南美洲总计160.4164.1170.6173.8176.0178.0177.9181.4175.9172.3152.9-11.5%1.2%4.0%丹麦8.56.96.05.04.84.84.75.14.33.21.4-57.0%-9.6%◆德国11.110.59.58.68.17.56.96.45.55.34.5-15.9%-8.3%0.1%意大利8.08.08.27.46.86.45.55.35.24.63.9-16.4%-4.9%0.1%荷兰75.369.568.472.460.445.944.337.932.327.820.0-28.5%-8.2%0.5%挪威106.2100.5113.9107.9107.5116.1115.9123.7121.3114.3111.5-2.7%1.0%2.9%波兰4.34.54.54.44.34.34.14.04.04.03.9-1.7%-0.7%0.1%罗马尼亚10.010.110.110.010.210.29.110.010.09.68.7-9.8%-0.8%0.2%乌克兰19.419.519.420.220.218.819.019.419.719.419.0-2.5%-0.5%0.5%英国57.946.139.237.037.440.741.741.940.739.539.5-0.4%-4.3%1.0%其他欧洲国家9.39.28.47.26.36.18.79.08.47.46.3-15.0%-2.2%0.2%欧洲总计310.1284.8287.5280.0266.1260.8259.9262.7251.4235.2218.6-7.3%-2.5%5.7%阿塞拜疆16.316.016.817.418.418.818.317.819.024.325.86.0%4.3%0.7%哈萨克斯坦27.829.329.731.131.731.932.134.534.134.031.7-7.2%2.5%0.8%俄罗斯联邦598.4616.8601.9614.5591.2584.4589.3635.6669.1679.0638.5-6.2%2.4%16.6%土库曼斯坦40.156.359.059.063.565.963.258.761.563.259.0-6.9%6.6%1.5%乌兹别克斯坦57.156.656.555.956.353.653.153.457.257.347.1-18.1%-0.2%1.2%其他独联体国家0.30.30.30.30.30.30.30.30.30.30.3-0.5%0.3%◆独联体国家总计740.0775.4764.2778.3761.4754.9756.3800.2841.3858.2802.4-6.8%2.5%20.8%巴林12.412.613.114.014.714.614.414.514.616.316.40.8%3.0%0.4%伊朗143.9151.0156.9157.5175.5183.5199.3213.8232.0241.4250.83.6%5.9%6.5%伊拉克7.16.36.37.17.57.39.910.110.611.010.5-4.6%4.8%0.3%科威特11.112.914.715.514.316.116.416.216.917.915.0-16.7%5.1%0.4%阿曼25.727.128.330.829.330.731.532.336.336.736.90.4%4.4%1.0%卡塔尔123.1150.4162.5167.9169.4175.8174.5170.5169.1172.1171.3-0.7%6.4%4.4%沙特阿拉伯83.387.694.495.097.399.2105.3109.3112.1111.2112.10.6%4.1%2.9%叙利亚8.47.46.15.04.64.13.53.53.53.33.0-10.1%-5.9%0.1%阿拉伯联合酋长国50.051.052.953.252.958.659.559.558.058.055.4-4.7%2.0%1.4%也门6.39.47.610.49.82.90.50.30.10.10.11.0%-18.6%◆其他中东国家3.34.22.56.37.38.19.09.510.110.215.046.3%14.1%0.4%中东地区总计474.6520.0545.5562.6582.6600.8624.1639.5663.3678.2686.61.0%5.1%17.8%阿尔及利亚77.479.678.479.380.281.491.493.093.887.081.5-6.6%1.3%2.1%埃及59.059.158.654.047.042.640.348.858.664.958.5-10.2%0.7%1.5%利比亚16.07.511.612.215.714.714.813.613.214.513.3-8.5%-0.4%0.3%尼日利亚30.936.439.233.140.047.642.647.248.349.349.4◆7.8%1.3%其他非洲国家18.218.018.920.520.721.722.826.927.628.128.61.6%5.7%0.7%非洲总计201.5200.6206.7199.1203.5208.0211.9229.5241.4243.8231.3-5.4%2.5%6.0%澳大利亚52.654.258.060.364.974.194.0110.1126.0143.1142.5-0.7%11.9%3.7%孟加拉国19.319.621.322.023.025.926.526.626.625.324.7-2.5%3.0%0.6%文莱12.012.512.311.912.713.312.912.912.613.012.6-2.9%1.6%0.3%中国96.5106.2111.5121.8131.2135.7137.9149.2161.4177.6194.09.0%7.5%5.0%印度47.442.937.331.129.428.126.627.727.526.923.8-11.9%-2.9%0.6%印度尼西亚87.082.778.377.676.476.275.172.772.867.663.2-6.8%-1.4%1.6%马来西亚65.167.069.372.672.276.876.778.577.279.373.2-7.9%1.8%1.9%缅甸12.212.612.512.916.519.218.317.817.018.517.7-4.6%5.0%0.5%巴基斯坦35.335.336.635.635.035.034.734.734.232.730.6-6.6%-0.6%0.8%泰国33.733.838.438.939.137.537.335.934.735.832.7-8.8%2.0%0.8%越南9.18.29.09.49.910.310.29.59.79.98.7-11.8%2.5%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区17.917.717.718.223.027.928.929.127.028.728.4-1.5%4.5%0.7%亚太地区总计488.1492.6502.1512.2533.3560.0579.0604.6626.6658.2652.1-1.2%4.0%16.9%全球总计3150.83258.03326.83366.13437.93511.73552.13676.23852.93976.23853.7-3.3%3.1%100.0%其中：经合组织1130.91151.01187.01196.41242.11281.01296.71331.11430.91510.81478.5-2.4%3.2%38.4%非经合组织2019.92107.02139.82169.62195.82230.62255.42345.12422.02465.42375.2-3.9%3.0%61.6%欧盟125.6117.5113.9113.999.984.382.376.868.861.147.8-21.9%-6.3%1.2%不包括放空燃烧或回收的天然气。包括用于液体燃料转化所生产的天然气。数据来源：包括来自Cedigaz和FGEMENAgas服务的数据。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，应用平均换算系数对吨油当量单位进行直接换算，并依据40MJ/m3高热值（GCV）标准化。其不一定等同于特定国家术语中所表示的天然气量。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用十亿立方米为单位的数据。以十亿立方英尺/天为单位的天然气产量数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。37bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：产量（单位：艾焦）艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大5.395.445.415.475.725.796.196.266.366.085.95-2.5%0.9%4.3%墨西哥1.841.881.831.891.851.731.571.381.271.131.08-4.2%-5.1%0.8%美国20.7122.2223.3723.6025.3726.6526.1826.8630.2733.4832.93-1.9%5.2%23.7%北美洲总计27.9329.5430.6130.9632.9434.1633.9534.5037.9040.6939.96-2.1%4.0%28.8%阿根廷1.401.361.321.241.241.281.341.341.421.501.38-8.2%0.3%1.0%玻利维亚0.490.540.620.700.730.700.680.660.610.540.52-3.9%2.3%0.4%巴西0.540.620.710.790.840.860.870.980.910.930.86-7.3%7.7%0.6%哥伦比亚0.390.380.410.480.440.420.430.440.460.470.480.2%2.7%0.3%秘鲁0.260.410.430.450.470.460.500.470.460.490.44-10.7%14.2%0.3%特立尼达和多巴哥1.451.391.391.391.371.291.131.151.221.241.06-15.0%-1.1%0.8%委内瑞拉1.101.091.151.101.141.301.341.391.140.920.68-26.9%-2.2%0.5%其他中南美洲国家0.140.110.110.100.090.100.110.110.110.110.10-16.3%-1.7%0.1%中南美洲总计5.785.916.146.266.346.416.406.536.336.205.50-11.5%1.2%4.0%丹麦0.310.250.220.180.170.170.170.180.150.120.05-57.0%-9.6%◆德国0.400.380.340.310.290.270.250.230.200.190.16-15.9%-8.3%0.1%意大利0.290.290.300.270.250.230.200.190.190.170.14-16.4%-4.9%0.1%荷兰2.712.502.462.612.171.651.591.371.161.000.72-28.5%-8.2%0.5%挪威3.823.624.103.893.874.184.174.454.374.114.01-2.7%1.0%2.9%波兰0.150.160.160.160.160.150.150.150.140.140.14-1.7%-0.7%0.1%罗马尼亚0.360.360.360.360.370.370.330.360.360.350.31-9.8%-0.8%0.2%乌克兰0.700.700.700.730.730.680.680.700.710.700.68-2.5%-0.5%0.5%英国2.081.661.411.331.351.461.501.511.471.421.42-0.4%-4.3%1.0%其他欧洲国家0.340.330.300.260.230.220.310.320.300.270.23-15.0%-2.2%0.2%欧洲总计11.1610.2510.3510.089.589.399.369.469.058.477.87-7.3%-2.5%5.7%阿塞拜疆0.590.570.610.630.660.680.660.640.690.880.936.0%4.3%0.7%哈萨克斯坦1.001.061.071.121.141.151.161.241.231.231.14-7.2%2.5%0.8%俄罗斯联邦21.5422.2121.6722.1221.2821.0421.2122.8824.0924.4522.99-6.2%2.4%16.6%土库曼斯坦1.442.032.122.122.292.372.282.112.212.272.12-6.9%6.6%1.5%乌兹别克斯坦2.062.042.032.012.031.931.911.922.062.061.69-18.1%-0.2%1.2%其他独联体国家0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01-0.5%0.3%◆独联体国家总计26.6427.9127.5128.0227.4127.1827.2328.8130.2930.8928.89-6.8%2.5%20.8%巴林0.450.450.470.500.530.530.520.520.530.590.590.8%3.0%0.4%伊朗5.185.445.655.676.326.617.187.708.358.699.033.6%5.9%6.5%伊拉克0.260.230.230.250.270.260.360.360.380.390.38-4.6%4.8%0.3%科威特0.400.460.530.560.510.580.590.580.610.650.54-16.7%5.1%0.4%阿曼0.930.981.021.111.061.111.131.161.311.321.330.4%4.4%1.0%卡塔尔4.435.415.856.046.106.336.286.146.096.206.17-0.7%6.4%4.4%沙特阿拉伯3.003.163.403.423.503.573.793.934.044.004.040.6%4.1%2.9%叙利亚0.300.270.220.180.170.150.130.130.120.120.11-10.1%-5.9%0.1%阿拉伯联合酋长国1.801.841.911.921.902.112.142.142.092.092.00-4.7%2.0%1.4%也门0.230.340.270.370.350.100.020.01†††1.0%-18.6%◆其他中东国家0.120.150.090.230.260.290.330.340.360.370.5446.3%14.1%0.4%中东地区总计17.0918.7219.6420.2520.9721.6322.4723.0223.8824.4224.721.0%5.1%17.8%阿尔及利亚2.792.872.822.862.892.933.293.353.383.132.93-6.6%1.3%2.1%埃及2.122.132.111.941.691.531.451.762.112.342.10-10.2%0.7%1.5%利比亚0.580.270.420.440.570.530.530.490.470.520.48-8.5%-0.4%0.3%尼日利亚1.111.311.411.191.441.711.531.701.741.771.78◆7.8%1.3%其他非洲国家0.660.650.680.740.740.780.820.970.991.011.031.6%5.7%0.7%非洲总计7.267.227.447.177.337.497.638.268.698.788.33-5.4%2.5%6.0%澳大利亚1.891.952.092.172.342.673.383.964.545.155.13-0.7%11.9%3.7%孟加拉国0.690.700.770.790.830.930.950.960.960.910.89-2.5%3.0%0.6%文莱0.430.450.440.430.460.480.470.460.450.470.46-2.9%1.6%0.3%中国3.483.824.014.394.724.884.975.375.816.396.989.0%7.5%5.0%印度1.711.551.341.121.061.010.961.000.990.970.86-11.9%-2.9%0.6%印度尼西亚3.132.982.822.792.752.742.702.622.622.432.27-6.8%-1.4%1.6%马来西亚2.342.412.492.612.602.772.762.822.782.852.64-7.9%1.8%1.9%缅甸0.440.450.450.460.600.690.660.640.610.670.64-4.6%5.0%0.5%巴基斯坦1.271.271.321.281.261.261.251.251.231.181.10-6.6%-0.6%0.8%泰国1.211.221.381.401.411.351.341.291.251.291.18-8.8%2.0%0.8%越南0.330.290.320.340.350.370.370.340.350.350.31-11.8%2.5%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区0.640.640.640.660.831.011.041.050.971.031.02-1.5%4.5%0.7%亚太地区总计17.5717.7318.0818.4419.2020.1620.8521.7722.5623.7023.47-1.2%4.0%16.9%全球总计113.43117.29119.77121.18123.76126.42127.87132.34138.70143.14138.73-3.3%3.1%100.0%其中：经合组织40.7141.4442.7343.0744.7246.1246.6847.9251.5154.3953.22-2.4%3.2%38.4%非经合组织72.7275.8577.0378.1179.0580.3081.1984.4287.1988.7685.51-3.9%3.0%61.6%欧盟4.524.234.104.103.603.032.962.762.482.201.72-21.9%-6.3%1.2%不包括放空燃烧或回收的天然气。包括用于液体燃料转化所生产的天然气。数据来源：包括来自Cedigaz和FGEMENAgas服务的数据。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用艾焦为单位的数据。38bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：消费量（单位：十亿立方米）十亿立方米2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大92.0101.199.8105.9110.4110.5106.4110.3116.4117.8112.6-4.7%2.7%2.9%墨西哥66.070.873.777.878.880.883.086.087.688.086.3-2.2%3.0%2.3%美国648.2658.2688.1707.0722.3743.6749.1740.0821.7849.2832.0-2.3%3.2%21.8%北美洲总计806.3830.1861.6890.8911.5934.8938.6936.31025.71055.11030.9-2.6%3.2%27.0%阿根廷42.143.845.746.046.246.748.248.348.746.643.9-5.9%1.1%1.1%巴西27.627.532.638.440.742.937.137.635.935.732.1-10.4%5.6%0.8%智利5.75.85.35.34.44.85.95.65.66.56.1-6.3%8.8%0.2%哥伦比亚8.78.59.510.511.411.212.112.413.213.413.93.3%4.8%0.4%厄瓜多尔0.60.60.70.90.90.80.90.80.70.60.5-13.9%0.7%◆秘鲁5.46.36.96.77.47.68.57.58.08.27.1-14.4%9.4%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥20.720.520.220.420.519.616.918.317.417.515.1-13.7%-0.9%0.4%委内瑞拉31.333.334.632.334.037.037.238.631.625.618.8-26.9%-2.9%0.5%其他中南美洲国家5.15.86.36.97.27.17.37.28.09.28.1-11.9%6.4%0.2%中南美洲总计147.3152.1161.8167.3172.6177.8174.2176.3169.2163.3145.6-11.1%1.9%3.8%奥地利9.69.08.68.27.58.08.39.18.78.98.5-4.5%0.1%0.2%比利时19.416.516.716.514.515.816.216.416.917.417.0-2.5%-0.1%0.4%捷克共和国9.47.98.08.17.27.58.28.48.08.38.51.4%0.5%0.2%芬兰4.13.63.23.02.72.32.01.82.12.02.0-4.1%-5.9%0.1%法国49.643.044.445.137.940.844.544.842.843.740.7-7.1%-0.2%1.1%德国88.180.981.185.073.977.084.987.785.988.786.5-2.7%0.5%2.3%希腊3.74.64.23.72.83.14.04.84.75.25.79.7%4.3%0.1%匈牙利11.410.99.79.18.18.79.39.99.69.810.23.1%-0.8%0.3%意大利79.174.271.466.759.064.367.571.669.270.867.7-4.7%-0.5%1.8%荷兰46.840.939.339.134.534.135.236.135.437.036.6-1.5%-1.1%1.0%挪威4.14.04.04.04.34.54.44.64.44.64.4-3.2%1.0%0.1%波兰16.216.517.417.417.017.118.319.219.920.921.62.9%3.3%0.6%葡萄牙5.25.34.64.34.14.85.16.35.86.16.0-2.6%2.5%0.2%罗马尼亚12.512.912.511.410.910.410.511.311.610.711.35.1%-1.4%0.3%西班牙36.233.633.230.327.528.529.131.731.536.032.4-10.1%-0.1%0.8%瑞典1.51.21.11.00.80.91.01.01.01.01.13.4%-1.2%◆瑞士3.53.13.43.63.13.33.53.53.33.43.2-5.4%0.8%0.1%土耳其35.841.843.344.046.646.044.551.647.243.446.46.6%2.5%1.2%乌克兰54.656.151.847.740.332.031.430.230.628.329.33.4%-5.3%0.8%英国98.581.976.976.370.172.080.778.579.577.372.5-6.5%-1.6%1.9%其他欧洲国家33.532.330.829.827.228.128.930.330.130.029.6-1.3%0.1%0.8%欧洲总计622.9580.4565.7554.4500.0509.2537.4558.8548.3553.5541.1-2.5%-0.4%14.2%阿塞拜疆8.18.99.49.49.911.110.910.610.811.811.90.6%3.2%0.3%白俄罗斯20.719.219.419.319.117.917.818.219.319.217.9-7.0%1.2%0.5%哈萨克斯坦9.510.611.412.013.413.614.215.117.417.416.6-4.8%7.1%0.4%俄罗斯联邦423.9435.6428.6424.9422.2408.7420.6431.1454.5444.3411.4-7.7%1.1%10.8%土库曼斯坦18.320.722.919.320.025.425.124.828.431.531.3-1.0%6.3%0.8%乌兹别克斯坦44.047.446.246.248.546.343.343.144.444.443.0-3.4%0.1%1.1%其他独联体国家5.25.55.74.85.35.25.15.15.95.66.19.7%0.4%0.2%独联体国家总计529.8548.0543.7535.7538.4528.2537.1547.9580.6574.2538.2-6.5%1.4%14.1%伊朗144.4153.2152.5153.8173.4184.0196.3205.0219.6223.4233.14.0%5.2%6.1%伊拉克7.16.36.37.17.57.39.911.414.619.520.86.4%11.0%0.5%以色列5.14.72.46.67.28.19.29.910.510.811.34.6%10.4%0.3%科威特14.015.917.517.817.920.321.121.021.223.020.6-10.7%6.9%0.5%阿曼16.418.119.721.721.323.022.923.425.025.025.93.4%6.3%0.7%卡塔尔25.428.733.635.338.443.341.241.234.136.735.0-4.9%5.6%0.9%沙特阿拉伯83.387.694.495.097.399.2105.3109.3112.1111.2112.10.6%4.1%2.9%阿拉伯联合酋长国59.361.663.964.763.471.571.972.471.271.569.6-2.9%2.2%1.8%其他中东国家25.622.120.621.320.922.523.123.222.023.423.91.8%0.4%0.6%中东地区总计380.5398.2411.0423.4447.4479.2500.9516.7530.3544.5552.31.2%4.6%14.4%阿尔及利亚25.326.829.932.136.137.938.639.543.445.143.1-4.8%5.6%1.1%埃及43.447.850.649.546.246.049.455.959.658.957.8-2.2%3.7%1.5%摩洛哥0.70.91.21.11.11.11.11.11.01.00.8-23.0%4.2%◆南非4.14.34.44.14.34.33.74.04.44.24.1-4.8%2.5%0.1%其他非洲国家24.626.428.730.236.443.144.344.445.646.047.32.4%7.2%1.2%非洲总计98.1106.1114.7117.0124.1132.5137.1145.0154.0155.3153.0-1.8%5.1%4.0%澳大利亚31.732.833.034.737.238.837.937.135.842.140.9-3.1%3.7%1.1%孟加拉国19.319.621.322.023.025.926.526.627.430.930.4-1.9%5.1%0.8%中国108.9135.2150.9171.9188.4194.7209.4241.3283.9308.4330.66.9%13.1%8.6%中国香港特别行政区3.62.92.62.52.43.03.13.13.03.14.958.2%0.7%0.1%印度59.060.355.749.048.547.850.853.758.159.359.60.3%1.9%1.6%印度尼西亚44.042.743.044.544.045.844.643.244.543.941.5-5.7%0.4%1.1%日本99.9112.0123.2123.5124.8118.7116.4117.0115.7108.1104.4-3.7%1.6%2.7%马来西亚38.038.342.044.644.746.845.045.044.744.738.2-14.9%1.1%1.0%新西兰4.44.04.54.75.24.94.85.04.54.94.6-7.2%2.0%0.1%巴基斯坦35.335.336.635.635.036.538.740.743.644.541.2-7.5%2.5%1.1%菲律宾3.53.83.63.43.53.33.83.84.14.23.8-9.1%1.2%0.1%新加坡8.38.38.910.010.411.611.912.312.312.512.60.1%3.2%0.3%韩国45.048.452.555.050.045.647.649.857.856.056.60.8%4.7%1.5%斯里兰卡–––––––––––n/an/an/a中国台湾15.517.017.917.918.920.221.023.223.723.324.96.7%6.4%0.7%泰国43.244.348.648.949.951.050.650.150.050.946.9-8.3%2.9%1.2%越南9.18.29.09.49.910.310.29.59.79.98.7-11.8%2.5%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区6.87.58.58.610.311.511.011.110.911.411.72.4%7.6%0.3%亚太地区总计575.6620.7662.0686.1706.0716.4733.3772.6829.7858.1861.60.1%5.2%22.5%全球总计3160.53235.73320.53374.63400.13478.23558.63653.73837.93903.93822.8-2.3%2.9%100.0%其中：经合组织1553.31547.51583.61616.61591.21623.71657.61678.71763.91800.01757.7-2.6%2.1%46.0%非经合组织1607.11688.21736.91758.11808.91854.51901.01975.02074.02104.02065.1-2.1%3.6%54.0%欧盟422.8389.0382.2374.5331.4346.7368.2385.2378.1391.2379.9-3.1%-0.1%9.9%数据来源：包括来自Cedigaz和FGEMENAgas服务的数据。不包括转化成液体燃料的天然气，但包括了煤田伴生气和转化为液体燃料所生产的天然气。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，应用平均换算系数对吨油当量单位进行直接换算，并依据40MJ/m3高热值（GCV）标准化。其不一定等同于特定国家术语所表示的天然气量。全球消费和生产数据之间存在差异，是由于存储设备和液化场储量的差异，以及天然气供需数据定义、测量和换算过程中不可避免的差异。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用十亿立方米为单位的数据。调整了闰年的增长率。以十亿立方英尺/天为单位的天然气产量数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。39bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：消费量（单位：艾焦）艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大3.313.643.593.813.973.983.833.974.194.244.05-4.7%2.7%2.9%墨西哥2.382.552.652.802.842.912.993.103.153.173.11-2.2%3.0%2.3%美国23.3323.7024.7725.4526.0026.7726.9726.6429.5830.5729.95-2.3%3.2%21.8%北美洲总计29.0329.8931.0232.0732.8133.6533.7933.7136.9337.9837.11-2.6%3.2%27.0%阿根廷1.521.581.641.661.661.681.741.741.751.681.58-5.9%1.1%1.1%巴西0.990.991.171.381.461.551.341.351.291.291.16-10.4%5.6%0.8%智利0.210.210.190.190.160.170.210.200.200.230.22-6.3%8.8%0.2%哥伦比亚0.310.310.340.380.410.400.440.450.480.480.503.3%4.8%0.4%厄瓜多尔0.020.020.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.020.02-13.9%0.7%◆秘鲁0.200.230.250.240.270.280.310.270.290.300.25-14.4%9.4%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥0.750.740.730.730.740.710.610.660.630.630.54-13.7%-0.9%0.4%委内瑞拉1.131.201.251.161.221.331.341.391.140.920.68-26.9%-2.9%0.5%其他中南美洲国家0.180.210.230.250.260.260.260.260.290.330.29-11.9%6.4%0.2%中南美洲总计5.305.485.826.026.216.406.276.356.095.885.24-11.1%1.9%3.8%奥地利0.350.330.310.300.270.290.300.330.310.320.31-4.5%0.1%0.2%比利时0.700.590.600.600.520.570.580.590.610.630.61-2.5%-0.1%0.4%捷克共和国0.340.290.290.290.260.270.290.300.290.300.301.4%0.5%0.2%芬兰0.150.130.120.110.100.080.070.070.080.070.07-4.1%-5.9%0.1%法国1.781.551.601.631.361.471.601.611.541.571.46-7.1%-0.2%1.1%德国3.172.912.923.062.662.773.063.163.093.193.12-2.7%0.5%2.3%希腊0.130.170.150.130.100.110.140.170.170.190.219.7%4.3%0.1%匈牙利0.410.390.350.330.290.310.340.360.350.350.373.1%-0.8%0.3%意大利2.852.672.572.402.122.322.432.582.492.552.44-4.7%-0.5%1.8%荷兰1.681.471.411.411.241.231.271.301.281.331.32-1.5%-1.1%1.0%挪威0.150.150.140.140.150.160.160.170.160.160.16-3.2%1.0%0.1%波兰0.580.590.630.630.610.620.660.690.720.750.782.9%3.3%0.6%葡萄牙0.190.190.160.160.150.170.180.230.210.220.22-2.6%2.5%0.2%罗马尼亚0.450.460.450.410.390.370.380.410.420.390.415.1%-1.4%0.3%西班牙1.301.211.201.090.991.031.051.141.131.301.17-10.1%-0.1%0.8%瑞典0.060.040.040.040.030.030.040.030.040.040.043.4%-1.2%◆瑞士0.130.110.120.130.110.120.130.130.120.120.12-5.4%0.8%0.1%土耳其1.291.511.561.581.681.651.601.861.701.561.676.6%2.5%1.2%乌克兰1.962.021.871.721.451.151.131.091.101.021.063.4%-5.3%0.8%英国3.552.952.772.752.522.592.902.832.862.782.61-6.5%-1.6%1.9%其他欧洲国家1.211.161.111.070.981.011.041.091.081.081.07-1.3%0.1%0.8%欧洲总计22.4320.9020.3719.9618.0018.3319.3520.1219.7419.9319.48-2.5%-0.4%14.2%阿塞拜疆0.290.320.340.340.350.400.390.380.390.420.430.6%3.2%0.3%白俄罗斯0.750.690.700.690.690.640.640.660.700.690.64-7.0%1.2%0.5%哈萨克斯坦0.340.380.410.430.480.490.510.540.630.630.60-4.8%7.1%0.4%俄罗斯联邦15.2615.6815.4315.3015.2014.7115.1415.5216.3616.0014.81-7.7%1.1%10.8%土库曼斯坦0.660.750.830.700.720.910.900.891.021.141.13-1.0%6.3%0.8%乌兹别克斯坦1.591.701.661.661.751.671.561.551.601.601.55-3.4%0.1%1.1%其他独联体国家0.190.200.210.170.190.190.190.180.210.200.229.7%0.4%0.2%独联体国家总计19.0719.7319.5719.2919.3819.0219.3419.7320.9020.6719.38-6.5%1.4%14.1%伊朗5.205.515.495.546.246.627.077.387.918.048.394.0%5.2%6.1%伊拉克0.260.230.230.250.270.260.360.410.530.700.756.4%11.0%0.5%以色列0.180.170.090.240.260.290.330.360.380.390.414.6%10.4%0.3%科威特0.500.570.630.640.640.730.760.760.760.830.74-10.7%6.9%0.5%阿曼0.590.650.710.780.770.830.820.840.900.900.933.4%6.3%0.7%卡塔尔0.911.031.211.271.381.561.481.481.231.321.26-4.9%5.6%0.9%沙特阿拉伯3.003.163.403.423.503.573.793.934.044.004.040.6%4.1%2.9%阿拉伯联合酋长国2.132.222.302.332.282.572.592.612.562.572.51-2.9%2.2%1.8%其他中东国家0.920.790.740.770.750.810.830.840.790.840.861.8%0.4%0.6%中东地区总计13.7014.3414.8015.2416.1117.2518.0318.6019.0919.6019.881.2%4.6%14.4%阿尔及利亚0.910.961.081.161.301.371.391.421.561.631.55-4.8%5.6%1.1%埃及1.561.721.821.781.661.661.782.012.152.122.08-2.2%3.7%1.5%摩洛哥0.030.030.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.03-23.0%4.2%◆南非0.150.150.160.150.150.160.130.140.160.150.15-4.8%2.5%0.1%其他非洲国家0.880.951.031.091.311.551.601.601.641.661.702.4%7.2%1.2%非洲总计3.533.824.134.214.474.774.945.225.545.595.51-1.8%5.1%4.0%澳大利亚1.141.181.191.251.341.401.361.341.291.521.47-3.1%3.7%1.1%孟加拉国0.690.700.770.790.830.930.950.960.991.111.10-1.9%5.1%0.8%中国3.924.875.436.196.787.017.548.6910.2211.1011.906.9%13.1%8.6%中国香港特别行政区0.130.100.090.090.090.110.110.110.110.110.1858.2%0.7%0.1%印度2.122.172.011.761.751.721.831.932.092.132.150.3%1.9%1.6%印度尼西亚1.591.541.551.601.591.651.611.561.601.581.50-5.7%0.4%1.1%日本3.604.034.444.454.494.274.194.214.173.893.76-3.7%1.6%2.7%马来西亚1.371.381.511.601.611.691.621.621.611.611.37-14.9%1.1%1.0%新西兰0.160.140.160.170.190.180.170.180.160.180.16-7.2%2.0%0.1%巴基斯坦1.271.271.321.281.261.321.391.471.571.601.48-7.5%2.5%1.1%菲律宾0.130.140.130.120.130.120.140.140.150.150.14-9.1%1.2%0.1%新加坡0.300.300.320.360.370.420.430.440.440.450.450.1%3.2%0.3%韩国1.621.741.891.981.801.641.721.792.082.022.040.8%4.7%1.5%斯里兰卡–––––––––––n/an/an/a中国台湾0.560.610.640.650.680.730.750.840.850.840.906.7%6.4%0.7%泰国1.561.601.751.761.801.831.821.801.801.831.69-8.3%2.9%1.2%越南0.330.290.320.340.350.370.370.340.350.350.31-11.8%2.5%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区0.240.270.310.310.370.410.400.400.390.410.422.4%7.6%0.3%亚太地区总计20.7222.3523.8324.7025.4225.7926.4027.8129.8730.8931.020.1%5.2%22.5%全球总计113.78116.49119.54121.49122.40125.22128.11131.53138.16140.54137.62-2.3%2.9%100.0%其中：经合组织55.9255.7157.0158.2057.2858.4559.6760.4363.5064.8063.28-2.6%2.1%46.0%非经合组织57.8660.7762.5363.2965.1266.7668.4471.1074.6775.7474.34-2.1%3.6%54.0%欧盟15.2214.0113.7613.4811.9312.4813.2513.8713.6114.0813.68-3.1%-0.1%9.9%数据来源：包括来自Cedigaz和FGEMENAgas服务的数据。不包括转化成液体燃料的天然气，但包括了煤田伴生气和转化为液体燃料所生产的天然气。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：全球消费和生产数据之间存在差异，是由于存储设备和液化场储量的差异，以及天然气供需数据定义、测量和换算过程中不可避免的差异。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用艾焦为单位的数据。调整了闰年的增长率。40bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气消费量下降了2.3%，即减少810亿立方米，与2009年金融危机期间的降幅相同。大多数地区天然气消费量均有下降。中国显然除外，其需求增长了6.9%。相比之下，北美洲和欧洲的天然气需求分别下降了2.6%和2.5%。天然气产量下降了1230亿立方米（下降3.3%），其中降幅最大的是俄罗斯（减少410亿立方米）和美国（减少150亿立方米）。40003500250030005001500100020009505001510200天然气：分地区消费量十亿立方米4000250030003500500150010002000亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲9505001510200天然气：分地区产量十亿立方米天然气：2020年人均消费量人均消费量（吉焦）0-2020-4040-6060-80>8041bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）价格液化天然气天然气原油单位：美元/百万英热日本到岸价1普氏日韩基准价格2德国平均进口门站价格3英国（国家平衡点指数）4TTF指数4美国亨利港价格5加拿大（阿尔伯塔）5经合组织国家到岸价619903.64–2.78––1.641.053.8219913.99–3.23––1.490.893.3319923.62–2.70––1.770.983.1919933.52–2.51––2.121.692.8219943.18–2.35––1.921.452.7019953.46–2.43––1.690.892.9619963.66–2.501.87–2.761.123.5419973.91–2.661.96–2.531.363.2919983.05–2.331.86–2.081.422.1619993.14–1.861.58–2.272.002.9820004.72–2.912.71–4.233.754.8320014.64–3.673.17–4.073.614.0820024.27–3.212.37–3.332.574.1720034.77–4.063.33–5.634.834.8920045.18–4.304.46–5.855.036.2720056.05–5.837.386.078.797.258.7420067.14–7.877.877.466.765.8310.6620077.73–7.996.015.936.956.1711.95200812.55–11.6010.7910.668.857.9916.7620099.065.288.534.854.963.893.3810.41201010.917.728.036.566.774.393.6913.47201114.7314.0210.499.049.264.013.4718.55201216.7515.1210.939.469.452.762.2718.82201316.1716.5610.7310.649.753.712.9318.25201416.3313.869.118.258.144.353.8716.80201510.317.456.726.536.442.602.018.7720166.945.724.934.694.542.461.557.0420178.107.135.625.805.722.961.588.97201810.059.766.668.067.903.121.1811.6820199.945.495.034.474.452.511.2710.8220207.814.394.063.423.071.991.587.19.1数据来源：日本能源数据和模型中心（EDMCEnergyTrend）。2数据来源：标普全球普氏能源资讯，©2021，标普全球公司。3数据来源：1986-1990年联邦德国统计办公室,1991-2020年德国联邦经济与出口管制局（BAFA）。4数据来源：ICISHerenEnergyLtd.5数据来源：能源情报集团《天然气周刊》。6数据来源：经济合作与发展组织/国际能源署，石油、天然气、煤炭和电力季度统计（2020）www.iea.org/statistics。备注：到岸价=成本+保险+运费（平均价格）。03691218美国亨利港德国平均进口到岸价英国国家平衡点价格荷兰天然气交易中心价日本液化天然气到岸价日韩液化天然气现货到岸价（JKM）20181917161503060504080907101213111415价格美元/百万英热单位42bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：地区间贸易十亿立方米2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年美国管道天然气进口90.285.080.875.971.871.679.580.576.673.368.2-7.2%-2.0%7.3%液化天然气进口12.19.94.92.71.72.52.42.22.11.51.3-12.3%-19.3%0.1%进口总计102.394.985.678.673.574.182.082.778.874.769.5-7.3%-3.1%7.4%管道天然气出口29.239.145.342.540.447.258.765.767.875.476.10.6%10.3%8.1%液化天然气出口1.51.80.80.20.40.74.017.128.647.461.429.2%50.1%6.5%出口总计30.740.946.142.740.847.962.782.896.3122.8137.511.6%15.5%14.6%北美洲其他国家管道天然气进口29.239.145.342.540.447.258.765.767.875.476.10.6%10.3%8.1%液化天然气进口8.17.06.58.89.87.45.97.07.57.13.4-53.0%4.1%0.4%进口总计37.346.151.751.350.254.764.572.775.382.679.5-4.0%9.6%8.5%管道天然气出口90.285.080.875.971.871.679.580.576.673.368.2-7.2%-2.0%7.3%液化天然气出口–0.1––††††0.1††-54.0%n/a◆出口总计90.285.180.875.971.971.679.680.676.773.368.2-7.2%-2.0%7.3%巴西管道天然气进口9.39.39.511.011.411.29.88.47.66.46.2-3.9%-1.8%0.7%液化天然气进口2.80.73.55.27.16.82.61.72.93.23.33.4%22.6%0.4%进口总计12.19.913.016.318.518.012.410.110.59.79.5-1.4%1.8%1.0%液化天然气出口––0.50.10.2†0.60.20.1––n/an/a–出口总计––0.50.10.2†0.60.20.1––n/an/a–其他中南美洲国家液化天然气进口6.49.311.112.912.512.112.611.711.69.910.56.1%12.4%1.1%进口总计6.49.311.112.912.512.112.611.711.69.910.56.1%12.4%1.1%管道天然气出口9.39.39.511.011.411.29.88.47.66.46.2-3.9%-1.8%0.7%液化天然气出口21.423.423.424.123.321.419.919.121.422.519.9-11.7%1.4%2.1%出口总计30.732.732.935.134.732.629.727.529.028.926.1-9.9%0.6%2.8%欧洲管道天然气进口224.8234.4228.5234.1209.4214.9230.6247.2247.3237.0211.3-11.1%0.8%22.5%液化天然气进口89.189.268.251.852.156.056.464.771.3119.1114.8-3.8%5.4%12.2%进口总计313.9323.6296.7285.8261.4270.9287.0311.9318.6356.0326.1-8.6%2.1%34.7%液化天然气出口5.16.18.19.013.011.010.67.911.78.85.6-35.9%10.1%0.6%出口总计5.16.18.19.013.011.010.67.911.78.85.6-35.9%10.1%0.6%俄罗斯管道天然气进口33.441.239.732.933.126.524.328.624.630.611.0-64.2%-2.3%1.2%进口总计33.441.239.732.933.126.524.328.624.630.611.0-64.2%-2.3%1.2%管道天然气出口194.0210.6201.5210.7189.6194.2202.0219.7222.4221.0197.7-10.8%1.5%21.0%液化天然气出口13.514.314.314.513.614.614.615.424.939.140.43.1%19.0%4.3%出口总计207.5224.9215.8225.2203.2208.8216.7235.2247.3260.1238.1-8.7%2.8%25.3%其他独联体国家管道天然气进口26.525.425.224.026.325.426.328.830.429.826.7-10.6%2.8%2.8%进口总计26.525.425.224.026.325.426.328.830.429.826.7-10.6%2.8%2.8%管道天然气出口51.171.869.769.575.472.672.878.080.885.561.8-27.8%5.2%6.6%出口总计51.171.869.769.575.472.672.878.080.885.561.8-27.8%5.2%6.6%中东地区管道天然气进口13.413.05.36.37.69.67.34.62.11.81.1-38.4%-16.3%0.1%液化天然气进口3.04.44.24.35.39.813.713.09.49.49.2-3.1%26.0%1.0%进口总计16.417.49.410.612.919.421.117.711.511.210.3-8.8%-0.4%1.1%管道天然气出口8.29.19.08.99.38.18.011.08.88.07.7-4.0%3.9%0.8%液化天然气出口103.8128.7130.3135.2132.2125.4126.0122.3125.9127.5126.9-0.8%5.9%13.5%出口总计112.0137.9139.3144.2141.5133.5133.9133.2134.8135.6134.6-1.0%5.8%14.3%非洲管道天然气进口––––––––––2.1n/an/a0.220%液化天然气进口–––––3.910.78.33.2––n/an/a–进口总计–––––3.910.78.33.2–2.1n/an/a0.2%管道天然气出口48.236.139.334.429.430.138.737.237.528.026.1-6.9%-4.3%2.8%液化天然气出口58.856.454.247.049.548.546.255.753.661.256.4-8.1%0.9%6.0%出口总计106.992.493.581.478.878.684.992.991.189.282.5-7.7%-1.1%8.8%中国管道天然气进口3.413.620.826.430.332.436.839.947.947.745.1-5.8%n/a4.8%液化天然气进口13.016.920.125.127.327.036.852.973.584.794.010.6%26.6%10.0%进口总计16.430.540.851.557.559.473.592.8121.3132.5139.14.7%32.4%14.8%液化天然气出口–––––––––0.1–-100.0%n/a–出口总计–––––––––0.1–-100.0%n/a–印度液化天然气进口11.517.418.418.019.120.024.326.130.632.435.810.2%9.6%3.8%进口总计11.517.418.418.019.120.024.326.130.632.435.810.2%9.6%3.8%液化天然气出口–––––0.40.10.1–0.1–-100.0%n/a–出口总计–––––0.40.10.1–0.1–-100.0%n/a–亚洲经合组织国家管道天然气进口5.25.35.05.95.25.85.54.94.94.34.41.7%-3.1%0.5%液化天然气进口141.4156.3169.6175.7173.6161.6159.9165.4173.2161.1157.3-2.6%2.6%16.7%进口总计146.5161.6174.6181.6178.8167.4165.3170.2178.1165.5161.7-2.5%2.4%17.2%液化天然气出口25.826.028.330.632.240.160.576.891.9104.7106.31.3%15.3%11.3%出口总计25.826.028.330.632.240.160.576.891.9104.7106.31.3%15.3%11.3%亚洲其他国家液化天然气进口15.017.318.522.425.229.833.040.245.555.358.35.1%16.2%6.2%进口总计15.017.318.522.425.229.833.040.245.555.358.35.1%16.2%6.2%管道天然气出口5.25.35.06.18.19.59.28.17.88.78.3-4.9%3.9%0.9%液化天然气出口72.571.565.066.269.375.075.878.572.472.471.0-2.2%0.9%7.6%出口总计77.676.870.072.377.584.585.086.680.281.179.3-2.5%1.2%8.4%全球地区间管道天然气贸易435.3466.3460.0459.0435.4444.6478.7508.7509.3506.3452.2-10.9%1.8%48.1%液化天然气贸易302.4328.3324.9326.8333.6337.1358.3393.3430.6483.8487.90.6%6.8%51.9%贸易总计737.7794.6784.9785.9769.1781.7836.9902.0939.9990.1940.1-5.3%4.0%100.0%液化天然气出口包括再出口。管道天然气贸易不包括地区内贸易。†低于0.05。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，并依据40MJ/m3总热值（GCV）标准化。调整了闰年的增长率。43bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：液化天然气进口十亿立方米2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大2.03.21.61.00.50.60.30.40.60.50.856.1%-6.1%0.2%墨西哥6.13.84.97.89.36.85.66.66.96.62.5-62.0%5.8%0.5%美国12.19.94.92.71.72.52.42.22.11.51.3-12.3%-19.3%0.3%北美洲总计20.216.811.411.411.510.08.39.29.68.64.6-46.0%-6.8%1.0%阿根廷1.93.74.76.36.25.65.14.63.61.81.80.7%5.7%0.4%巴西2.80.73.55.27.16.82.61.72.93.23.33.4%22.6%0.7%智利3.13.74.03.83.53.74.54.44.33.33.79.6%17.3%0.8%其他中南美洲国家1.41.92.42.82.82.83.02.83.74.85.15.5%13.3%1.0%中南美洲总计9.29.914.618.119.618.915.213.514.513.113.95.4%14.2%2.8%比利时6.56.34.13.12.93.62.41.33.37.25.1-29.8%0.5%1.0%法国14.714.49.88.36.96.49.110.912.723.019.6-15.1%5.6%4.0%意大利9.39.17.15.84.55.95.98.28.213.512.1-10.7%16.1%2.5%西班牙28.223.921.415.716.213.713.816.615.021.920.9-5.1%-2.2%4.3%土耳其7.85.97.65.97.17.57.610.911.412.914.814.9%8.0%3.0%英国18.824.713.99.211.213.710.76.67.217.118.68.2%5.4%3.8%其他欧盟国家3.94.94.43.73.35.26.910.213.423.423.71.1%20.2%4.9%其他欧洲国家†–†–†––0.1––0.1n/an/a◆欧洲总计89.189.268.251.852.156.056.464.771.3119.1114.8-3.8%5.4%23.5%埃及–––––3.910.78.33.2––n/an/a–科威特2.83.02.82.33.64.34.74.84.35.15.710.6%18.6%1.2%阿拉伯联合酋长国0.21.41.41.61.62.94.23.01.01.61.6-4.3%n/a0.3%其他中东与非洲国家–––0.50.12.74.85.34.02.71.9-28.3%n/a0.4%中东地区与非洲总计3.04.44.24.35.313.724.521.412.59.49.2-3.1%26.0%1.9%中国13.016.920.125.127.327.036.852.973.584.794.010.6%26.6%19.3%印度11.517.418.418.019.120.024.326.130.632.435.810.2%9.6%7.3%日本96.4108.6119.8120.4121.8115.9113.6113.9113.0105.5102.0-3.6%1.7%20.9%马来西亚–––2.02.22.21.52.01.83.33.69.3%n/a0.7%巴基斯坦–––––1.54.06.19.411.810.6-10.0%n/a2.2%新加坡–––1.32.63.03.24.14.55.05.715.3%n/a1.2%韩国45.047.749.755.351.845.846.351.460.255.655.3-0.9%4.6%11.3%中国台湾15.016.317.117.218.619.620.422.722.922.824.78.0%6.3%5.1%泰国–1.11.42.01.93.63.95.26.06.77.511.4%n/a1.5%亚太其他国家和地区––0.1–––––0.85.76.16.4%n/a1.3%亚太地区总计180.9207.9226.6241.2245.2238.5253.9284.6322.7333.6345.43.3%7.8%70.8%液化天然气进口总计302.4328.3324.9326.8333.6337.1358.3393.3430.6483.8487.90.6%6.8%100.0%液化天然气贸易总量◆低于0.05%。数据来源：包括国际液化天然气进口国集团（GIIGNL）和埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）的数据。†低于0.05。n/a。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。分来源液化天然气进口：中国十亿立方米分来源液化天然气进口：韩国十亿立方米1401001202040608014010012020406080阿尔及利亚卡塔尔尼日利亚美国俄罗斯其他0105031307110915181920170402120610081416010503130711091518192017040212061008141601050313071109151820191704021206100814160105031307110915182019170402120610081416澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚俄罗斯其他100709080405060102030100709080405060102030澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚美国其他澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚美国其他0000分来源液化天然气进口：欧洲十亿立方米分来源液化天然气进口：日本十亿立方米1401001202040608014010012020406080阿尔及利亚卡塔尔尼日利亚美国俄罗斯其他0105031307110915181920170402120610081416010503130711091518192017040212061008141601050313071109151820191704021206100814160105031307110915182019170402120610081416澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚俄罗斯其他100709080405060102030100709080405060102030澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚美国其他澳大利亚卡塔尔马来西亚印度尼西亚美国其他000044bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：2020年液化天然气贸易流向十亿立方米从到加拿大––0.8–––––––––––––––––––0.8墨西哥0.90.10.6––0.1––––––––0.20.10.1–0.3–––2.5美国––1.0†0.1–––––––––0.2–––––––1.3北美洲0.90.12.5†0.10.1––––––––0.40.10.1–0.3–––4.6阿根廷0.5–0.3–––0.1–0.9–––––––––––––1.8巴西2.8–0.40.1––––––––0.1–†–––––––3.3智利2.1–0.7––––––––––––0.70.1–––––3.7其他中南美洲国家1.8–2.80.30.1†–––––0.1––––––––––5.1中南美洲7.1–4.20.40.1†0.1–0.9––0.10.1–†0.70.1–––––13.9比利时1.3–––†–0.9–2.8–––0.1–––––––––5.1法国2.60.10.5–0.8–5.0–1.9––4.30.2–4.2–––––––19.6意大利2.1–0.1––†––6.8––2.8––0.20.1––––––12.1西班牙5.40.22.20.20.50.13.4–3.1––0.50.40.14.01.0––––––20.9土耳其2.8–0.6–0.1–0.2–3.1––5.70.10.11.80.3––––––14.8英国4.7–1.0–0.4–2.9–9.0––†–0.20.3–––––––18.6其他欧盟国家6.70.10.9–2.30.24.7–3.5––0.70.40.14.00.2––––––23.7其他欧洲国家––––––0.1–––––––––––––––0.1欧洲25.60.45.20.24.10.317.2–30.2––13.91.10.414.61.6––––––114.8埃及–––––––––––––––––––––––科威特0.5––––0.2–0.23.1––0.10.40.11.00.2––––––5.7阿拉伯联合酋长国0.3–0.2–––0.30.3––––0.2–0.3–––––––1.6其他中东与非洲国家0.6–0.7–––0.3–0.1–––––0.2–––––––1.9中东地区与非洲1.3–0.9––0.20.60.53.2––0.10.50.11.50.2––––––9.2中国4.41.50.3†–0.66.91.411.20.4–0.20.50.23.30.740.61.07.48.34.11.194.0印度3.3–0.7––0.20.71.814.14.8–0.33.10.24.01.31.40.1––––35.8日本6.40.9––––8.43.311.91.4–––0.11.9–39.75.43.014.84.70.2102.0马来西亚––––––––––––––0.1–2.61.0––––3.6巴基斯坦1.0–––––0.20.27.10.5–0.40.10.40.6–––0.10.1––10.6新加坡0.8–0.1–––0.10.20.5–––0.30.1–0.13.20.10.4–––5.7韩国8.02.20.1–––2.85.413.00.3––0.50.10.50.310.90.43.76.70.40.155.3中国台湾1.5–0.2–––3.30.16.90.3–––0.20.5–6.70.31.61.02.2–24.7泰国0.7–0.2––––0.23.0––––0.10.30.11.10.20.31.30.1–7.5亚太其他国家和地区0.4–––––0.1–4.1––0.1––0.80.1–––0.6–0.16.1亚太地区总计26.44.61.5†–0.722.512.771.87.6–0.94.41.311.92.5106.08.416.432.811.51.4345.4出口总计61.45.014.30.54.31.340.413.2106.17.6–15.06.11.828.45.1106.28.416.832.811.51.4487.9包括再出口。数据来源：包括国际液化天然气进口国集团（GIIGNL）和埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）的数据。†低于0.05。备注：上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，并依据40MJ/m3总热值（GCV）标准化。挪威秘鲁美国其他美洲国家特立尼达和多巴哥其他欧洲国家俄罗斯阿曼卡塔尔阿拉伯联合酋长国也门阿尔及利亚埃及安哥拉尼日利亚其他非洲国家澳大利亚文莱印度尼西亚马来西亚巴布亚新几内亚亚太其他国家和地区总计进口天然气：液化天然气出口十亿立方米2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年美国1.51.80.80.20.40.74.017.128.647.461.429.2%50.1%12.6%秘鲁1.95.25.15.75.75.05.55.54.85.35.0-4.9%n/a1.0%特立尼达和多巴哥19.618.218.318.417.616.414.313.516.617.114.3-16.3%-1.3%2.9%其他美洲国家–0.10.50.10.2†0.60.30.10.10.5392.3%n/a0.1%美洲总计22.925.224.724.323.922.124.536.550.169.981.316.0%13.2%16.7%俄罗斯13.514.314.314.513.614.614.615.424.939.140.43.1%19.0%8.3%挪威4.64.44.63.84.65.66.15.46.86.94.3-37.8%8.2%0.9%其他欧洲国家0.51.73.65.28.45.44.52.55.01.91.3-29.3%22.7%0.3%欧洲与独联体国家总计18.620.422.423.526.625.625.323.436.747.946.0-4.1%16.7%9.4%阿曼11.711.011.111.510.610.211.011.413.614.113.2-6.3%1.7%2.7%卡塔尔77.8100.7104.0105.8103.6105.6107.3103.6104.9105.8106.1◆7.4%21.7%阿拉伯联合酋长国8.78.38.17.98.67.67.77.37.47.77.6-1.0%-0.2%1.6%也门5.58.87.19.99.41.9–––––n/a-100.0%–中东地区总计103.8128.7130.3135.2132.2125.4126.0122.3125.9127.5126.9-0.8%5.9%26.0%阿尔及利亚19.516.714.915.017.416.615.516.413.116.615.0-10.3%-2.5%3.1%安哥拉–––0.40.4–0.95.05.25.86.15.4%n/a1.2%埃及10.09.06.93.90.4–0.81.22.04.51.8-60.4%-10.0%0.4%尼日利亚24.125.727.922.526.126.924.628.227.928.828.4-1.5%6.0%5.8%其他非洲国家5.35.04.65.25.05.04.44.95.55.55.1-7.5%0.2%1.0%非洲总计58.856.454.247.049.548.546.255.753.661.256.4-8.1%0.9%11.6%澳大利亚25.826.028.330.532.039.960.476.691.8104.7106.21.2%15.3%21.8%文莱9.09.69.29.58.68.78.69.18.58.88.4-4.2%-0.3%1.7%印度尼西亚32.428.724.423.121.721.622.421.720.816.516.81.6%-4.8%3.4%马来西亚31.033.231.433.634.034.333.636.133.035.232.8-6.9%1.5%6.7%巴布亚新几内亚––––5.010.110.911.19.511.611.5-0.9%n/a2.4%亚太其他国家和地区–––0.10.20.80.50.80.60.51.4163.9%n/a0.3%亚太地区总计98.397.593.396.8101.5115.5136.4155.4164.3177.2177.3-0.3%6.8%36.3%液化天然气出口总计302.4328.3324.9326.8333.6337.1358.3393.3430.6483.8487.90.6%6.8%100.0%液化天然气贸易总量。数据来源：包括国际液化天然气进口国集团（GIIGNL）和埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）的数据。再出口占极大部分。◆低于0.05%。†低于0.05。n/a。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。数据来源：包括FGECISStat、FGE、埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）、PIRAEnergyGroup、Waterborne、WoodMackenzie的数据。45bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）天然气：2020年管道气贸易流向十亿立方米从到加拿大––21.8–––––––––––––––––––21.8墨西哥––54.3–––––––––––––––––––54.3美国68.2†––––––––––––––––––––68.2北美洲68.2†76.1–––––––––––––––––––144.3阿根廷–––5.2––––––––––––––––––5.2巴西–––6.2––––––––––––––––––6.2其他中南美洲国家––––1.1–––––––––––––––––1.1中南美洲–––11.41.1–––––––––––––––––12.5比利时–––––8.47.51.7––––––––––––––17.6法国–––––3.817.61.7––2.6–––––––––––25.8德国–––––13.031.21.6––56.3–––––––––––102.0意大利–––––1.65.48.4†–19.7–––––11.54.2––––50.8荷兰––––––20.07.2––11.2–––––––––––38.4西班牙––––––1.22.1––––––––9.1–––––12.3土耳其––––––––11.1–15.6––5.1––––––––31.8乌克兰–––––––14.7––––––––––––––14.7英国–––––1.023.70.3––4.7–––––––––––29.7其他欧盟国家––––––0.356.7†–55.2–––––0.4–––––112.6其他欧洲国家–––––0.3–6.32.2–2.5–––––––––––11.3欧洲–––––28.1106.9100.713.4–167.7––5.1––21.04.2––––447.1白俄罗斯––––––––––17.6–––––––––––17.6哈萨克斯坦––––––––––3.20.10.7–––––––––4.1俄罗斯联邦–––––––––7.1–3.80.1–––––––––11.0其他独联体国家–––––––––0.15.30.50.50.5––––––––6.8独联体国家–––––––––7.226.14.31.30.5––––––––39.5阿拉伯联合酋长国––––––––––––––20.2–––––––20.2其他中东国家––––––––0.2––––10.31.62.1––0.9–––15.1中东地区––––––––0.2––––10.321.82.1––0.9–––35.3南非––––––––––––––––––3.7–––3.7其他非洲国家–––––––––––––––2.15.2–1.0–––8.2非洲–––––––––––––––2.15.2–4.7–––11.9澳大利亚–––––––––––––––––––––4.44.4中国–––––––––6.83.927.23.3–––––––3.9–45.1马来西亚–––––––––––––––––––0.4––0.4新加坡–––––––––––––––––––7.0–1.48.4泰国––––––––––––––––––––6.9–6.9亚太地区––––––––––6.83.927.23.3––––––7.310.85.965.2出口总计68.2†76.111.41.128.1106.9100.713.614.0197.731.64.616.021.84.126.14.25.67.310.85.9755.8†低于0.05。数据来源：包括FGEMENAgas服务和埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）的数据。备注：上述数据尽可能以标准立方米（在温度为15摄氏度，压力为1.013巴的环境下计量）为单位，并依据40MJ/m3总热值（GCV）标准化。玻利维亚加拿大美国墨西哥其他中南美洲国家荷兰挪威其他欧洲国家阿塞拜疆哈萨克斯坦俄罗斯联邦其他中东国家乌兹别克斯坦土库曼斯坦伊朗卡塔尔阿尔及利亚利比亚其他非洲国家印度尼西亚缅甸亚太其他国家和地区总计进口68.221.854.325.65.26.215.626.1152.16.93.97.33.726.46.113.921.05.24.221.811.137.33.96.77.250.611.135.440.613.139.25.16.920.8管道天然气液化天然气11.05.14.417.25.84.67.148.64.117.2106.97.84.04.520.68.430.2美国加拿大墨西哥中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲亚太地区2020年石油主要贸易流向全球贸易流向（单位：十亿立方米）46bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）2020年底全部探明储量百万吨无烟煤和烟煤次烟煤和褐煤总计占总量比例储产比加拿大4346223665820.6%166墨西哥11605112110.1%185美国2189383000324894123.2%北美洲总计2244443229025673423.9%484巴西1547504965960.6%哥伦比亚4554–45540.4%90委内瑞拉731–7310.1%其他中南美洲国家17842418080.2%中南美洲总计86165073136891.3%240保加利亚192217423660.2%192捷克共和国1081251435950.3%113德国–35900359003.3%334希腊–287628760.3%205匈牙利276263329090.3%475波兰225305865283952.6%282罗马尼亚11280291◆19塞尔维亚402711275140.7%189西班牙86831911870.1%282土耳其55010975115251.1%168乌克兰320392336343753.2%英国26–26◆16其他欧洲国家1109517262810.6%189欧洲总计590847815613724012.8%299哈萨克斯坦25605–256052.4%226俄罗斯联邦717199044716216615.1%407乌兹别克斯坦1375–13750.1%333其他独联体国家1509–15090.1%336独联体国家总计1002089044719065517.8%367南非9893–98930.9%40津巴布韦502–502◆153其他非洲国家43766644420.4%280中东地区1203–12030.1%中东地区与非洲总计1597466160401.5%60澳大利亚737197650815022714.0%315中国135069812814319713.3%37印度105979507311105210.3%147印度尼西亚2314111728348693.2%62日本34010350◆453蒙古国1170135025200.2%58新西兰825675075750.7%巴基斯坦207285730640.3%396韩国326–326◆320泰国–106310630.1%80越南311624433600.3%69亚太其他国家和地区142172621470.2%33亚太地区总计34531311443745975042.8%78全球总计7536393204691074108100.0%139其中：经合组织33130317713050843347.3%363非经合组织42233614333956567552.7%90欧盟2553953051785907.3%266超过500年。数据来源：德国联邦地球科学与自然资源研究所《2021年能源研究报告》。◆低于0.05%。备注：煤炭的探明储量—通常指：通过地质与工程信息以合理的确定性表明，在现有的经济与作业条件下，将来可从已知储层采出的煤炭储量。煤炭储量数据并不一定符合公司层面用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法：例如美国证券交易委员会（SEC）所发布的用来确定探明储量所使用的定义、指南或做法。这些数据也并不一定代表bp公司对各国探明储量的看法。储量/产量（储产比）比率—用任何一年年底的剩余储量除以该年度产量所得出的结果，表明剩余储量以该年度的生产水平可供开采的年限。储量/产量（R/P）比率不包括储量与产量中的其他固体燃料。本表格计算总储量份额与储产比时，使用以百万吨单位的数据。煤炭47bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）2020年全球煤炭储量为10740亿吨，主要集中在以下少数几个国家：美国（23%）、俄罗斯（15%）、澳大利亚（14%）和中国（13%）。其中大部分（70%）储量为无烟煤和沥青。根据2020年全球储产比，全球煤炭还可以以现有的生产水平生产139年，其中北美洲（484年）和独联体（367年）是储产比最高地区。50030035025040045010015020050北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区与非洲亚太地区2020年分地区0储产比年份18.515.124.32.15.434.732.83.71.627.321.613.02000总量10590.53亿吨2010总量8972.26亿吨2020总量10741.08亿吨17.812.823.91.31.542.82000年、2010年与2020年探明储量分布百分比亚太地区北美洲独联体国家欧洲中东地区与非洲中南美洲80070050060030040010020000005101520北美洲中南美洲欧洲独联体国家中东地区与非洲亚太地区全球历史48bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）煤炭：产量艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大1.481.481.491.531.511.361.371.331.221.140.89-22.0%-2.0%0.6%墨西哥0.310.390.310.300.300.290.250.310.280.230.15-33.1%-1.0%0.1%美国22.0922.2720.7220.0520.3317.9914.7015.6615.4014.2910.71-25.2%-4.1%6.7%北美洲总计23.8824.1522.5321.8722.1519.6416.3317.3016.9015.6611.76-25.1%-3.9%7.4%巴西0.110.110.120.150.150.120.110.090.100.090.093.9%-3.4%0.1%哥伦比亚2.142.472.562.462.552.462.602.602.422.431.46-40.2%1.5%0.9%委内瑞拉0.080.080.060.040.020.020.010.01†0.010.02181.9%-22.8%◆其他中南美洲国家0.010.020.020.070.120.100.080.050.050.030.03-10.5%7.4%◆中南美洲总计2.352.682.762.722.852.702.812.762.572.561.60-37.6%0.9%1.0%保加利亚0.210.260.230.200.210.250.210.240.220.200.16-20.6%0.6%0.1%捷克共和国0.870.880.850.740.710.710.670.640.620.560.43-24.3%-4.3%0.3%德国1.921.962.001.891.851.791.661.651.581.190.98-17.9%-4.8%0.6%希腊0.310.310.340.280.270.240.170.190.180.210.11-49.0%-4.6%0.1%匈牙利0.070.070.070.070.070.060.060.050.050.040.04-10.8%-4.4%◆波兰2.322.332.422.392.262.222.182.081.981.871.68-10.1%-2.3%1.1%罗马尼亚0.250.280.270.190.190.200.180.190.170.160.11-30.9%-5.0%0.1%塞尔维亚0.300.330.310.320.240.300.300.300.280.290.291.7%-0.7%0.2%西班牙0.140.110.100.070.070.050.030.050.030.070.0814.3%-8.4%◆土耳其0.730.750.710.650.680.540.650.630.690.730.60-18.1%◆0.4%乌克兰1.351.521.641.601.090.720.760.570.590.580.54-8.0%-8.0%0.3%英国0.480.480.440.330.310.230.120.090.070.060.05-23.0%-18.0%◆其他欧洲国家0.660.660.590.690.660.600.560.570.820.510.46-8.6%-2.4%0.3%欧洲总计9.609.949.969.448.607.907.567.257.286.485.53-14.8%-4.0%3.5%哈萨克斯坦1.992.082.162.152.051.931.852.022.132.072.04-1.7%1.3%1.3%俄罗斯联邦6.326.607.057.257.397.808.128.629.239.238.37-9.6%4.5%5.2%乌兹别克斯坦0.040.050.040.050.050.040.050.050.050.050.051.8%1.2%◆其他独联体国家0.040.050.050.060.060.070.070.090.120.120.12-2.3%12.8%0.1%独联体国家总计8.398.779.319.519.569.8410.1010.7811.5211.4710.58-8.0%3.9%6.6%中东地区总计0.030.030.030.030.030.030.040.040.040.050.05-0.3%3.8%◆南非6.036.006.146.086.205.966.015.976.016.215.97-4.1%0.6%3.7%津巴布韦0.070.070.040.080.160.120.070.080.090.070.0924.5%4.7%0.1%其他非洲国家0.040.050.180.210.240.250.330.610.760.550.41-25.8%34.3%0.3%非洲总计6.156.116.366.386.596.336.426.666.876.846.47-5.6%1.4%4.1%澳大利亚10.4910.2611.1311.9712.8112.8012.8312.5013.0913.2112.42-6.2%2.7%7.8%中国69.7277.5378.4479.3278.0576.5970.8273.1776.8779.7680.911.2%2.2%50.7%印度10.5710.4910.6810.7111.2811.7711.8911.9912.8012.6012.680.4%2.0%7.9%印度尼西亚6.798.729.5211.7111.3011.3911.2511.3813.7615.2013.88-9.0%9.2%8.7%日本0.020.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.020.020.021.5%-4.5%◆蒙古国0.480.630.590.640.470.460.670.941.041.090.82-24.8%14.7%0.5%新西兰0.140.130.130.120.100.090.070.070.080.080.07-8.6%-3.7%◆巴基斯坦0.060.060.060.060.060.060.080.080.080.130.1514.0%6.8%0.1%韩国0.040.040.040.030.030.030.030.030.020.020.02-6.3%-7.9%◆泰国0.210.250.200.200.190.160.180.170.160.150.14-7.3%-2.8%0.1%越南1.051.090.990.960.960.980.910.900.991.091.144.5%0.5%0.7%亚太其他国家和地区0.870.930.960.980.991.061.331.141.061.481.37-7.5%6.2%0.9%亚太地区总计100.45110.16112.76116.72116.30115.40110.09112.41119.99124.81123.62-1.2%2.9%77.5%全球总计150.84161.85163.71166.66166.07161.85153.33157.20165.17167.86159.61-5.2%1.6%100.0%其中：经合组织43.9944.3943.7043.4344.4241.3137.8138.2838.1836.4229.93-18.0%-1.7%18.8%非经合组织106.85117.46120.00123.23121.65120.54115.52118.92127.00131.44129.67-1.6%2.8%81.2%欧盟6.456.576.596.245.995.835.445.395.204.563.79-17.1%-3.6%2.4%仅统计商用固态燃料，即：烟煤和无烟煤（硬煤）、褐煤与次烟煤、其他商用固体燃料。包括煤制油和煤制气过程中所损耗的煤炭。†低于0.005。◆低于0.05%。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。以“百万吨”为单位的煤炭产量数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。49bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）煤炭：消费量艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大1.030.930.890.860.820.820.770.780.650.630.50-22.2%-4.5%0.3%墨西哥0.530.620.540.530.530.530.520.640.570.540.21-61.5%2.3%0.1%美国20.8819.7017.4218.0818.0415.5814.2613.8713.2811.349.20-19.1%-5.4%6.1%北美洲总计22.4521.2518.8519.4819.3916.9415.5515.2914.5012.529.91-21.1%-5.1%6.5%阿根廷0.050.050.050.050.060.060.040.050.050.030.038.8%-1.7%◆巴西0.610.650.640.690.730.740.670.700.690.650.58-10.9%3.4%0.4%智利0.190.240.280.320.320.310.310.320.310.310.30-4.4%6.5%0.2%哥伦比亚0.200.160.200.210.220.210.230.170.160.200.2731.4%1.8%0.2%厄瓜多尔––––––––––––––秘鲁0.030.030.040.040.040.030.040.040.050.030.02-26.8%-0.9%◆特立尼达和多巴哥––––––––––––––委内瑞拉0.010.010.010.010.010.010.01††††-35.1%-21.9%◆其他中南美洲国家0.100.110.110.130.140.150.160.130.150.230.2821.6%9.5%0.2%中南美洲总计1.181.261.321.451.521.501.451.421.411.451.481.5%4.1%1.0%奥地利0.140.150.130.140.130.140.130.130.120.120.09-21.8%-0.1%0.1%比利时0.160.150.140.150.140.140.130.130.130.130.11-17.6%0.5%0.1%捷克共和国0.790.770.740.710.690.680.690.650.650.600.49-19.0%-2.3%0.3%芬兰0.280.230.190.210.190.160.180.170.180.150.13-10.4%-4.1%0.1%法国0.480.410.460.480.360.360.350.380.340.270.19-27.9%-5.1%0.1%德国3.233.283.373.473.333.293.203.012.902.251.84-18.2%-2.9%1.2%希腊0.330.330.340.290.280.240.180.200.190.220.11-47.3%-4.7%0.1%匈牙利0.110.110.110.100.090.100.090.090.090.080.07-6.7%-3.3%◆意大利0.570.640.660.570.550.520.460.400.370.280.21-26.1%-6.0%0.1%荷兰0.320.310.340.340.380.460.430.390.350.270.18-33.4%-1.5%0.1%挪威0.030.040.030.030.040.030.030.030.030.030.03-0.3%3.4%◆波兰2.312.302.142.232.072.042.072.082.091.861.67-10.4%-1.5%1.1%葡萄牙0.070.090.120.110.110.140.120.140.110.050.02-53.8%-7.9%◆罗马尼亚0.290.340.320.250.240.250.220.230.210.210.15-27.0%-4.1%0.1%西班牙0.290.540.650.480.490.570.440.560.460.160.07-53.7%-8.8%◆瑞典0.120.100.090.090.080.080.080.080.080.080.07-9.3%-0.2%◆瑞士0.010.010.010.010.010.01†††††-0.3%-4.7%◆土耳其1.321.421.531.321.511.451.611.651.711.761.66-5.8%3.1%1.1%乌克兰1.601.741.791.731.491.141.361.081.171.080.98-8.9%-3.3%0.6%英国1.291.321.631.551.250.970.460.380.320.220.19-11.3%-16.0%0.1%其他欧洲国家1.601.711.551.551.421.441.441.431.391.341.10-18.0%-1.4%0.7%欧洲总计15.3415.9916.3415.8114.8414.2113.7013.2312.9011.139.40-15.8%-2.7%6.2%阿塞拜疆†††††††††††-0.3%-16.4%◆白俄罗斯0.030.030.030.040.030.030.030.040.050.060.06-0.7%8.0%◆哈萨克斯坦1.401.521.581.571.551.431.421.521.701.661.64-1.8%2.5%1.1%俄罗斯联邦3.793.944.123.793.673.863.743.513.633.573.27-8.5%-0.8%2.2%土库曼斯坦––––––––––––––乌兹别克斯坦0.030.040.050.070.070.050.060.060.090.080.1032.4%6.6%0.1%其他独联体国家0.040.050.050.060.070.080.080.090.090.090.1127.9%7.8%0.1%独联体国家总计5.295.575.845.525.395.455.335.225.565.455.17-5.2%0.3%3.4%伊朗0.050.060.050.060.070.070.060.070.070.070.07-0.3%2.7%◆伊拉克––––––––––––––以色列0.320.330.370.300.280.270.230.210.200.210.17-19.8%-4.3%0.1%科威特††–0.010.010.010.010.010.010.01†-82.3%–◆阿曼†††††††††0.010.0190.7%61.6%◆卡塔尔––––––––––––––沙特阿拉伯††††0.010.01†††††-0.3%16.4%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国0.030.020.060.070.080.070.080.090.080.080.1130.6%21.9%0.1%其他中东国家0.010.020.020.020.030.020.020.020.020.010.010.4%6.1%◆中东地区总计0.420.430.500.470.470.440.410.400.380.400.38-3.9%-0.1%0.3%阿尔及利亚0.010.010.010.010.010.01†0.010.020.020.02-0.3%-1.6%◆埃及0.020.020.020.020.020.030.050.050.090.080.03-62.1%12.3%◆摩洛哥0.120.120.130.130.170.190.180.190.220.280.280.1%9.4%0.2%南非3.893.793.703.703.753.523.783.723.533.643.48-4.6%-0.8%2.3%其他非洲国家0.150.180.170.220.320.280.260.310.350.300.30-0.4%7.8%0.2%非洲总计4.194.134.024.074.264.024.284.274.204.324.11-5.1%0.2%2.7%澳大利亚2.192.132.001.891.881.951.941.881.831.751.69-4.0%-2.9%1.1%孟加拉国0.030.050.040.050.030.090.070.080.090.140.1511.1%11.0%0.1%中国73.2279.7180.7182.4482.4980.9480.2180.5981.1181.7982.270.3%1.5%54.3%中国香港特别行政区0.260.310.310.330.340.280.280.260.260.260.14-46.9%-1.5%0.1%印度12.1612.7513.8214.7916.2316.5516.8417.4418.5918.6017.54-6.0%4.7%11.6%印度尼西亚1.651.962.222.391.892.142.232.392.843.413.26-4.9%9.4%2.2%日本4.874.624.885.074.995.035.025.104.994.914.57-7.0%1.4%3.0%马来西亚0.620.620.660.630.640.730.780.870.930.951.1418.7%7.9%0.8%新西兰0.060.060.070.060.060.060.050.050.060.060.06-4.8%-0.5%◆巴基斯坦0.190.170.170.130.200.190.220.300.500.560.6211.0%10.5%0.4%菲律宾0.290.320.340.420.450.490.550.650.680.730.73-0.9%11.2%0.5%新加坡†††0.010.020.020.020.040.020.020.022.3%60.6%◆韩国3.233.503.383.413.533.583.413.613.633.443.03-12.2%1.8%2.0%斯里兰卡†0.010.020.020.040.050.050.060.050.060.077.0%38.1%◆中国台湾1.631.691.651.681.701.651.641.701.701.671.63-2.5%1.0%1.1%泰国0.650.660.690.680.750.730.750.750.800.710.731.6%1.3%0.5%越南0.610.730.670.720.871.101.191.191.582.072.101.4%16.0%1.4%亚太其他国家和地区0.670.560.580.450.510.490.620.620.631.231.23-0.6%6.0%0.8%亚太地区总计102.34109.85112.20115.19116.62116.07115.90117.57120.30122.37120.97-1.4%2.3%79.9%全球总计151.21158.47159.08161.97162.50158.64156.61157.40159.26157.64151.42-4.2%0.9%100.0%其中：经合组织45.9945.1243.2943.6342.9440.2437.9637.6536.3332.3027.46-15.2%-2.9%18.1%非经合组织105.22113.36115.79118.34119.56118.40118.65119.75122.93125.34123.96-1.4%2.2%81.9%欧盟10.4410.7510.7010.5010.009.999.589.449.037.325.91-19.4%-3.0%3.9%仅统计商用固态燃料，即：烟煤和无烟煤（硬煤）、褐煤与次烟煤、其他商用固体燃料。不包括转化为液体或气体燃料的煤炭，但包括转化过程中消耗的煤炭。†低于0.005。◆低于0.05%。备注：本页的全球消费数据与全球生产数据之间存在差异。原因包括库存的变化以及定义、测量或换算煤炭供需数据时产生的不可避免的差异。调整了闰年的增长率。50bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）全球煤炭消费量下降了4.2%，属于六年来第4次下降。非经合组织国家中，消费量唯一有显著增长的是中国（0.3%）和马来西亚（18.7%）。印度（下降6.0%）和印度尼西亚（下降4.9%）的消费量则有极大下降。在美国（下降19.1%）和韩国（下降12.2%）的带动下，经合组织需求急剧下降，降至我们煤炭系列数据（最早于1965年开始记录）的最低点。全球煤炭产量下降了5.2%，唯一有显著增长的国家是中国（1.2%）。产量降幅最大的国家还有美国（下降25.2%）和印度尼西亚（下降9.0%）。018016014010012060402080950005101520煤炭：分地区消费量艾焦018016014010012060402080950005101520亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲煤炭：分地区产量艾焦西北欧标杆价格美国中部阿巴拉契煤炭现货价格指数日本动力煤进口现货到岸价中国秦皇岛现货价格20181917161506050809071012131114200050100150煤炭价格美元/吨51bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）煤炭：贸易流向艾焦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年进口加拿大0.360.240.230.220.260.220.190.220.230.210.18-14.7%-5.3%0.6%墨西哥0.220.210.220.200.220.230.210.340.340.240.03-87.1%3.1%0.1%美国0.510.360.270.240.280.280.250.190.150.170.14-15.3%-11.5%0.4%中南美洲0.850.990.881.061.061.001.061.211.191.121.04-7.4%5.3%3.3%欧洲4.825.636.095.856.096.035.405.866.445.123.90-24.0%0.2%12.3%独联体国家0.370.590.530.560.560.530.480.560.610.650.58-11.0%2.3%1.8%中东地区0.350.430.490.440.490.380.340.360.370.340.31-9.3%-1.7%1.0%非洲0.320.340.310.810.370.440.500.590.800.640.49-23.0%9.2%1.6%中国4.455.206.717.636.624.695.655.876.136.406.613.1%6.9%20.8%印度2.002.373.093.664.654.926.465.255.684.704.22-10.4%10.1%13.3%日本4.844.614.875.065.005.055.015.065.014.904.56-7.2%1.5%14.3%韩国3.113.383.303.323.433.543.533.893.923.733.26-12.8%3.3%10.3%亚太其他国家和地区3.183.293.653.612.733.964.605.055.555.576.4515.6%7.1%20.3%全球总计25.3927.6430.6132.6531.7631.2733.6934.4536.4233.7831.78-6.2%4.0%100.0%出口加拿大0.921.030.991.131.000.860.780.941.041.020.97-5.9%3.5%3.0%美国2.022.503.022.882.381.891.522.382.882.191.62-26.4%4.2%5.1%哥伦比亚1.782.022.252.052.272.192.332.482.432.081.66-20.5%2.5%5.2%欧洲0.120.160.200.680.130.100.130.190.250.240.22-10.0%0.3%0.7%俄罗斯联邦2.502.863.233.553.784.114.475.095.785.795.66-2.4%9.0%17.8%其他独联体国家0.350.580.500.510.510.480.450.470.510.520.52-0.1%0.4%1.6%南非1.982.042.222.102.182.302.162.713.031.621.640.9%-1.7%5.2%其他非洲国家0.110.040.130.110.180.262.020.620.220.270.15-43.3%25.4%0.5%澳大利亚7.467.047.969.199.129.959.879.709.779.639.25-4.3%3.3%29.1%中国0.590.440.280.280.360.450.510.420.420.340.18-47.7%-5.3%0.6%印度尼西亚6.207.188.168.578.427.487.738.088.568.498.51◆5.3%26.8%蒙古国0.480.580.630.490.530.410.730.950.991.040.79-24.3%19.8%2.5%亚太其他国家和地区0.761.010.900.920.770.650.770.300.390.300.25-17.0%-9.6%0.8%世界其他地区0.130.160.150.190.140.140.220.120.150.250.3749.6%5.0%1.2%全球世界总计25.3927.6430.6132.6531.7631.2733.6934.4536.4233.7831.78-6.2%4.0%100.0%◆低于0.05%。备注：仅统计商用固态燃料，即：烟煤和无烟煤（硬煤）、褐煤与次烟煤、和其他商用固体燃料。不含地区内部贸易活动（如欧洲国家之间）。煤炭：2020年地区间贸易流向到艾焦从加拿大墨西哥美国中南美洲国家欧洲独联体国家中东地区非洲国家中国印度日本韩国亚太其他国家和地区总计加拿大––0.010.040.10†–†0.140.060.230.310.070.97美国0.130.02–0.260.60††0.070.030.140.250.100.021.62哥伦比亚0.030.010.090.460.67†0.110.010.050.070.020.130.021.66欧洲†††0.01–0.07†0.020.010.08††0.010.22俄罗斯联邦0.01†0.010.091.960.100.090.231.000.160.580.710.735.66其他独联体国家––––0.100.41††0.01–†–†0.52南非––0.010.010.08–0.070.12†0.62†0.040.691.64其他非洲国家––†0.010.02–†0.02†0.07†0.02†0.15澳大利亚–––0.150.33†0.010.022.100.872.731.241.799.25中国†††0.01††††–0.010.030.040.080.18印度尼西亚––0.01–0.01–0.01†2.342.040.690.642.788.51蒙古国––––†–––0.79––†–0.79亚太其他国家和地区††††0.01†0.01†0.150.120.020.010.260.58世界其他地区††††0.02†–††0.02†††0.04进口总计0.180.030.141.043.900.580.310.496.614.224.563.266.4531.78†低于0.005。备注：仅统计商用固态燃料，即：烟煤和无烟煤（硬煤）、褐煤与次烟煤、和其他商用固体燃料。不含地区内部贸易活动（如欧洲国家之间）。煤炭：价格美元/吨西北欧标杆价格†美国中部阿巴拉契煤炭现货价格指数‡日本动力煤进口现货到岸价†中国秦皇岛现货价格†200035.9929.90–27.52200139.0350.1537.6931.78200231.6533.2031.4733.19200343.6038.5239.6131.74200472.1364.9074.2242.76200560.5470.1264.6251.34200664.1157.8265.2253.53200788.7949.7395.5961.232008147.67117.42157.88104.97200970.3960.7383.5987.86201092.3567.87108.47110.082011121.4884.75126.13127.27201292.5067.28100.30111.89201381.6969.7290.0795.42201475.3867.0876.1384.12201556.7951.5760.1067.53201659.8751.4571.6671.35201784.5163.8395.5794.72201891.8372.84112.7399.45201960.8657.1677.6385.89202050.2842.7769.7783.10†数据来源：埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）西北欧标杆价格，2000年为每月指标的平均值,2001-2020年为每周价格的平均值。IHS日本价格基准=每千克6,000大卡热值，到岸价。中国价格：2000-2005基于月度数据，2006-2020则基于每周数据,中国基准=每千克5,500大卡热值，包括成本和运费（CFR）。‡数据来源：标普全球普氏能源资讯，©2020，标普全球公司。价格是中部阿巴拉契（CAPP）12,500英热单位/吨,含硫份1.2%的煤炭，离岸价。1999-2000年价格以煤价发布日期为准，2001-2005价格以煤价评估日期为准。2006-2020年价格基于每周中部阿巴拉契价格（CAPP）,12,500英热单位/吨,含硫份1.6%的煤炭，离岸价。备注：到岸价=成本+保险+运费（平均价格）。FOB=离岸价。52bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）消费量艾焦（投入当量）2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大0.850.870.870.950.980.920.910.910.900.900.87-3.6%0.6%3.6%墨西哥0.060.090.080.110.090.110.100.100.090.100.10-0.8%0.3%0.4%美国7.977.767.517.667.697.647.687.637.607.607.39-3.0%-0.4%30.8%北美洲总计8.878.728.468.718.758.678.698.638.588.598.35-3.1%-0.3%34.8%阿根廷0.070.060.060.060.050.060.080.050.060.080.0925.5%-0.3%0.4%巴西0.140.150.150.140.140.130.140.140.140.140.14-5.8%1.6%0.6%智利––––––––––––––哥伦比亚––––––––––––––厄瓜多尔––––––––––––––秘鲁––––––––––––––特立尼达和多巴哥––––––––––––––委内瑞拉––––––––––––––其他中南美洲国家––––––––––––––中南美洲总计0.200.210.210.200.190.200.220.200.200.220.235.0%0.9%1.0%奥地利––––––––––––––比利时0.450.450.370.390.310.240.390.380.260.390.31-21.6%-1.4%1.3%捷克共和国0.260.260.280.280.280.240.220.260.270.270.27-1.3%0.5%1.1%芬兰0.220.220.220.220.220.210.210.200.210.220.21-3.1%-0.4%0.9%法国4.024.133.943.914.003.983.653.593.693.563.14-11.9%-0.8%13.1%德国1.321.010.920.900.890.840.770.690.680.670.57-14.8%-6.2%2.4%希腊––––––––––––––匈牙利0.150.150.150.140.140.140.150.140.140.150.14-2.1%◆0.6%意大利––––––––––––––荷兰0.040.040.040.030.040.040.040.030.030.030.043.8%-1.4%0.2%挪威––––––––––––––波兰––––––––––––––葡萄牙––––––––––––––罗马尼亚0.110.110.110.110.110.110.100.100.100.100.101.0%-1.0%0.4%西班牙0.580.540.570.520.530.520.530.520.500.520.52-0.8%0.4%2.2%瑞典0.540.560.590.610.590.510.570.590.610.590.48-19.1%1.8%2.0%瑞士0.250.250.240.240.250.210.190.180.220.230.20-9.6%-1.4%0.9%土耳其––––––––––––––乌克兰0.840.840.840.770.810.800.730.770.760.740.68-8.8%-0.6%2.8%英国0.580.640.650.650.580.640.650.630.580.500.45-11.1%-2.6%1.9%其他欧洲国家0.330.350.340.320.350.330.330.330.330.340.340.6%-2.5%1.4%欧洲总计9.699.559.269.099.098.828.538.438.388.297.44-10.5%-1.3%31.0%阿塞拜疆––––––––––––––白俄罗斯––––––––––––––哈萨克斯坦––––––––––––––俄罗斯联邦1.601.611.651.591.661.781.781.831.831.861.922.7%1.9%8.0%土库曼斯坦––––––––––––––乌兹别克斯坦––––––––––––––其他独联体国家0.020.020.020.020.020.030.020.020.020.020.02-5.1%-1.8%0.1%独联体国家总计1.621.641.671.611.681.811.801.851.851.881.942.6%1.8%8.1%伊朗–†0.010.040.040.030.060.060.060.060.06-1.9%–0.2%伊拉克––––––––––––––以色列––––––––––––––科威特––––––––––––––阿曼––––––––––––––卡塔尔––––––––––––––沙特阿拉伯––––––––––––––阿拉伯联合酋长国––––––––––0.01––0.1%其他中东国家––––––––––––––中东地区总计–^0.010.040.040.030.060.060.060.060.0723.2%n/a0.3%阿尔及利亚––––––––––––––埃及––––––––––––––摩洛哥––––––––––––––南非0.130.120.120.130.130.110.140.130.100.120.1413.7%◆0.6%其他非洲国家––––––––––––––非洲总计0.130.120.120.130.130.110.140.130.100.120.1413.7%◆0.6%澳大利亚––––––––––––––孟加拉国––––––––––––––中国0.700.810.911.031.221.561.932.232.643.113.254.3%16.7%13.6%中国香港特别行政区––––––––––––––印度0.220.300.310.310.320.350.340.340.350.400.40-1.8%9.7%1.7%印度尼西亚––––––––––––––日本2.741.520.170.13–0.040.160.260.440.590.38-34.9%-13.8%1.6%马来西亚––––––––––––––新西兰––––––––––––––巴基斯坦0.020.040.030.040.040.040.050.070.080.080.081.1%13.0%0.3%菲律宾––––––––––––––新加坡––––––––––––––韩国1.391.441.391.281.431.501.471.341.191.301.429.1%-0.7%5.9%斯里兰卡––––––––––––––中国台湾0.390.390.370.380.390.330.290.200.250.290.28-3.4%-3.0%1.2%泰国––––––––––––––越南––––––––––––––亚太其他国家和地区––––––––––––––亚太地区总计5.474.513.183.173.403.824.234.444.955.775.820.6%1.0%24.3%全球总计25.9924.7522.9122.9523.2823.4623.6623.7424.1324.9323.98-4.1%-0.2%100.0%其中：经合组织21.6120.1418.1918.2118.2217.9817.8617.6417.5917.7816.67-6.5%-1.8%69.5%非经合组织4.384.614.724.745.075.475.806.106.547.157.312.0%5.6%30.5%欧盟8.027.827.537.437.457.176.956.846.826.826.11-10.7%-1.3%25.5%基于总发电量而不考虑跨境电力供应。“投入当量”能源指火力发电厂生成所报告的电力输出所需的燃料量。详细的热效率假设可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站的附录与定义中查询。†低于0.005。◆低于0.05%。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。以太瓦时表示的核能数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。核能53bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）消费量艾焦（投入当量）2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大3.303.513.533.613.503.483.493.553.453.383.420.7%-0.3%9.0%墨西哥0.350.340.300.260.360.280.280.290.290.210.2412.9%-1.8%0.6%美国2.412.952.542.462.342.242.392.672.592.542.560.5%-0.1%6.7%北美洲总计6.066.796.366.336.206.016.166.516.336.146.221.0%-0.3%16.3%阿根廷0.380.370.340.380.370.380.350.370.370.330.27-18.1%-1.5%0.7%巴西3.794.003.853.603.423.283.453.343.483.553.52-0.9%-0.4%9.2%智利0.200.190.190.180.210.220.180.190.210.190.18-4.3%-2.2%0.5%哥伦比亚0.380.450.440.410.410.410.420.520.510.480.39-19.3%2.3%1.0%厄瓜多尔0.080.100.110.100.100.120.140.180.190.220.22-0.2%9.7%0.6%秘鲁0.190.200.200.210.200.220.220.260.280.280.27-3.7%4.1%0.7%特立尼达和多巴哥––––––––––––––委内瑞拉0.720.780.760.770.720.670.560.530.510.430.28-35.4%-6.1%0.7%其他中南美洲国家0.840.850.880.900.840.830.900.910.890.760.72-5.3%-0.5%1.9%中南美洲总计6.586.946.776.546.296.126.216.306.436.255.87-6.4%-0.5%15.4%奥地利0.360.320.410.390.380.340.360.340.340.360.360.6%-0.7%1.0%比利时†††††††††††-7.2%-1.4%◆捷克共和国0.030.020.020.030.020.020.020.020.010.020.026.0%-2.5%◆芬兰0.120.120.160.120.120.150.140.130.120.110.1426.7%-0.8%0.4%法国0.590.420.550.650.580.500.540.440.570.500.548.7%-0.7%1.4%德国0.200.160.200.210.180.170.190.180.160.180.17-8.3%◆0.4%希腊0.070.040.040.060.040.060.050.040.050.040.03-14.1%-3.5%0.1%匈牙利†††††††††††10.7%-1.0%◆意大利0.480.430.390.490.540.400.370.310.440.410.410.1%-1.2%1.1%荷兰†††††††††††-37.9%-3.2%◆挪威1.101.121.311.181.241.251.291.281.241.121.2511.9%-0.6%3.3%波兰0.030.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.027.5%-2.5%–葡萄牙0.150.110.050.130.140.080.140.050.110.080.1140.2%◆0.3%罗马尼亚0.190.140.110.140.170.150.160.130.160.140.13-3.8%-0.5%0.4%西班牙0.390.290.190.340.360.260.330.160.310.200.2421.5%-2.1%0.6%瑞典0.620.630.730.570.580.690.560.580.560.580.6511.8%-0.6%1.7%瑞士0.340.300.360.350.350.350.310.310.310.340.33-0.5%-0.1%0.9%土耳其0.490.490.540.550.370.610.610.520.540.790.69-12.7%8.8%1.8%乌克兰0.120.100.100.130.080.050.070.080.090.060.06-4.2%-6.4%0.1%英国0.030.050.050.040.050.060.050.050.050.050.068.5%0.7%0.2%其他欧洲国家0.790.560.580.710.680.650.670.590.710.600.59-3.6%-0.9%1.5%欧洲总计6.105.315.806.105.905.795.895.265.795.605.823.7%◆15.3%阿塞拜疆0.030.020.020.010.010.010.020.020.020.010.01-32.2%-4.4%◆白俄罗斯†††††††††††◆22.1%◆哈萨克斯坦0.080.070.070.070.080.080.110.100.090.090.09-2.6%3.2%0.2%俄罗斯联邦1.561.521.521.671.591.531.671.671.711.731.898.6%0.5%4.9%土库曼斯坦†††††††††††-0.6%-0.6%◆乌兹别克斯坦0.080.050.060.060.060.050.070.080.050.060.064.4%-0.6%0.2%其他独联体国家0.290.310.310.300.290.280.280.310.320.320.31-2.3%1.7%0.8%独联体国家总计2.041.981.982.112.031.962.142.172.192.212.366.2%0.7%6.2%伊朗0.100.100.120.130.130.120.140.160.100.260.19-27.4%15.1%0.5%伊拉克0.030.030.040.040.030.020.030.020.020.020.02-1.3%-1.9%0.1%以色列††††††––––––-100.0%–科威特––––––––––––––阿曼––––––––––––––卡塔尔––––––––––––––沙特阿拉伯––––––––––––––阿拉伯联合酋长国––––––––––––––其他中东国家0.030.040.040.040.020.010.010.010.010.020.023.1%-4.3%◆中东地区总计0.160.170.200.220.180.150.180.190.130.300.23-23.8%10.0%0.6%阿尔及利亚†††††††††††-67.3%-8.3%◆埃及0.120.120.120.120.120.120.120.120.110.120.12-1.2%-1.0%0.3%摩洛哥0.030.020.020.030.020.020.010.010.020.010.01-9.7%-7.4%◆南非0.010.030.010.010.020.010.010.020.010.01†-49.1%-4.5%◆其他非洲国家0.840.860.880.930.980.950.920.991.051.081.134.4%3.5%3.0%非洲总计1.011.031.031.081.131.091.061.131.191.221.273.2%2.6%3.3%澳大利亚0.130.180.160.180.130.130.160.120.160.130.132.3%0.5%0.3%孟加拉国0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01-15.4%6.4%◆中国6.686.428.008.389.7110.1510.4410.4910.7311.3411.743.2%6.9%30.8%中国香港特别行政区––––––––––––––印度1.021.231.071.221.271.211.161.221.251.441.450.4%3.7%3.8%印度尼西亚0.160.120.120.160.140.130.170.170.150.150.1716.8%3.2%0.5%日本0.830.770.710.730.750.780.720.710.730.660.694.6%-0.1%1.8%马来西亚0.060.080.090.110.120.130.180.240.240.230.18-21.7%13.4%0.5%新西兰0.230.230.210.210.220.220.230.220.240.230.22-5.9%◆0.6%巴基斯坦0.280.290.100.290.300.300.310.270.260.320.3610.3%1.8%0.9%菲律宾0.070.090.100.090.080.080.070.090.080.070.06-11.0%-2.5%0.2%新加坡––––––––––––––韩国0.030.040.040.040.030.020.030.030.030.020.0338.2%-0.7%0.1%斯里兰卡0.050.040.030.060.040.050.040.040.060.040.042.1%1.6%0.1%中国台湾0.040.040.050.050.040.040.060.050.040.050.03-45.8%3.4%0.1%泰国0.050.070.080.050.050.030.030.040.070.060.04-28.5%-1.6%0.1%越南0.270.380.490.530.570.520.600.800.760.600.611.2%7.9%1.6%亚太其他国家和地区0.380.440.440.490.490.450.530.550.530.610.643.7%6.7%1.7%亚太地区总计10.3010.4311.7012.6013.9414.2614.7415.0415.3215.9716.412.5%5.7%43.0%全球总计32.2532.6633.8434.9935.6835.3836.3836.6037.3737.6938.161.0%2.1%100.0%其中：经合组织13.1313.4013.3713.4513.1712.9513.1213.0113.2512.8713.141.8%◆34.4%非经合组织19.1219.2620.4821.5422.5022.4323.2623.5924.1224.8125.020.6%3.3%65.6%欧盟3.502.873.073.383.383.043.102.623.072.833.047.2%-1.0%8.0%基于总发电量而不考虑跨境电力供应。“投入当量”能源指火力发电厂生成所报告的电力输出所需的燃料量。详细的热效率假设可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站的附录与定义中查询。†低于0.005。◆低于0.05%。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。以太瓦时表示的水电数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。水电54bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）核能消费量下降了4.1%（以投入当量计算），是2011年和2012年由福岛事件导致核能消费量下降以来的最大降幅。新冠疫情和其带来的经济冲击，导致发电量下降。其中法国（减少0.4艾焦）和美国（减少0.2艾焦）的核能发电量下降幅度最大。水电消费量增长了1%，低于2.1%的10年平均增长率。中国（0.4艾焦）和俄罗斯（0.2艾焦）引领增长。中南美洲水电消费量则有下降。可再生能源消费量（包括生物燃料，但不包括水电）增长了2.9艾焦。可再生能源9.7%的年增长率低于过去10年的平均水平，但能源方面的绝对增长率大致与过去4年持平，且是2020年所有燃料中增幅最大的。从各国来看，中国是迄今为止可再生能源增长的最大贡献者（1.0艾焦），其次是美国（0.4艾焦），之后分别是日本、英国、印度和德国（均增长了0.1艾焦）。风能对可再生能源发电量的增长贡献最大（173太瓦时），其次是太阳能（148太瓦时）。过去10年里，太阳能在发电结构中的份额不断增长。目前太阳能占可再生能源发电量的27%，但在总发电量中仅占了3.2%。403530202510515950005101520亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲0分地区水电消费量艾焦30251520510950005101520世界其他地区亚太地区独联体国家欧洲北美洲0分地区核能消费量艾焦分地区可再生能源消费量艾焦353010152025500041012161802060814200亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲分种类可再生能源发电量太瓦时35003000100020002500150050000041012161802060814200太阳能风能其他55bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源消费量艾焦（投入当量）2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大0.220.260.290.300.310.440.490.460.510.510.544.1%11.0%1.7%墨西哥0.090.090.100.110.130.160.170.190.240.300.3619.9%13.8%1.1%美国2.703.033.273.703.984.194.745.175.445.716.157.4%9.3%19.4%北美洲总计3.003.383.664.104.424.785.415.826.196.527.047.7%9.6%22.2%阿根廷0.040.050.070.070.080.080.080.090.080.120.1310.0%22.0%0.4%巴西0.890.850.871.021.191.411.461.591.801.992.010.7%10.0%6.3%智利0.040.040.060.070.060.080.110.130.160.180.2112.9%18.9%0.7%哥伦比亚0.030.040.040.040.040.050.050.050.050.060.05-6.6%9.0%0.2%厄瓜多尔†††††0.010.010.010.010.010.019.4%13.2%◆秘鲁0.010.020.020.030.030.030.030.030.040.040.057.0%14.4%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥†††††††††††-0.6%-15.1%◆委内瑞拉†††††††††††-0.6%–◆其他中南美洲国家0.100.110.120.140.160.200.230.240.270.290.290.3%12.8%0.9%中南美洲总计1.121.111.191.371.571.861.962.152.412.692.751.9%11.1%8.7%奥地利0.080.080.090.100.110.120.120.130.130.150.14-4.0%6.0%0.4%比利时0.070.090.110.120.130.140.140.160.170.190.2321.7%13.5%0.7%捷克共和国0.040.060.070.070.080.080.080.080.080.090.091.1%11.3%0.3%芬兰0.110.120.120.130.140.140.140.170.180.190.190.2%7.7%0.6%法国0.240.280.340.370.410.460.470.520.560.630.687.5%11.1%2.1%德国0.901.111.251.301.431.661.641.881.972.102.214.7%9.7%7.0%希腊0.030.040.060.080.080.090.090.100.100.120.1418.6%14.6%0.4%匈牙利0.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.040.040.050.0617.5%4.1%0.2%意大利0.300.400.530.600.610.630.650.670.640.650.672.6%10.7%2.1%荷兰0.110.130.130.130.120.140.150.180.190.230.3339.1%7.1%1.0%挪威0.020.020.020.030.030.030.040.050.050.070.1152.0%16.9%0.4%波兰0.100.130.170.170.190.220.210.220.210.250.276.0%11.4%0.8%葡萄牙0.130.130.140.160.160.160.160.160.160.180.17-3.8%5.5%0.5%罗马尼亚0.010.020.030.050.070.090.090.100.090.100.100.7%30.4%0.3%西班牙0.570.590.700.720.690.670.660.680.690.730.774.8%4.7%2.4%瑞典0.170.190.210.220.240.290.300.330.320.360.4114.0%9.6%1.3%瑞士0.010.020.020.020.020.030.030.040.040.040.0510.0%13.6%0.2%土耳其0.040.050.070.110.120.150.210.270.340.390.4513.4%34.1%1.4%乌克兰††0.010.010.020.020.020.020.020.050.0975.9%40.3%0.3%英国0.260.320.370.490.590.740.740.880.991.091.209.9%16.8%3.8%其他欧洲国家0.240.290.330.360.390.430.430.490.510.580.603.6%11.1%1.9%欧洲总计3.484.114.795.265.646.326.417.147.528.248.948.2%10.6%28.2%阿塞拜疆†––††††††††-3.5%60.2%◆白俄罗斯†††††††††††4.2%12.2%◆哈萨克斯坦–††††††††0.010.03234.3%–0.1%俄罗斯联邦0.010.01††0.010.010.010.010.020.020.0471.3%16.6%0.1%土库曼斯坦†††††††††††-0.6%–◆乌兹别克斯坦––––––†††††-0.6%–◆其他独联体国家†††††††††††-2.5%41.7%◆独联体国家总计0.010.010.010.010.010.010.020.020.030.040.0896.9%20.5%0.2%伊朗††††††††0.010.010.013.4%14.5%◆伊拉克–––††††††††-0.6%–◆以色列†††0.010.010.010.020.020.020.030.0570.1%39.4%0.2%科威特–––††††††††-0.6%–◆阿曼–––††††††††1136.7%–◆卡塔尔–††††††††††-0.6%–◆沙特阿拉伯†††††††††0.010.01-0.6%109.2%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国†††††††0.010.010.040.0532.3%90.2%0.2%其他中东国家††††††0.010.010.020.030.0422.7%71.8%0.1%中东地区总计†0.010.010.010.020.020.030.050.070.120.1734.2%43.0%0.5%阿尔及利亚††††††††0.010.010.01-3.3%–◆埃及0.010.020.020.010.010.020.020.020.030.060.0948.8%19.4%0.3%摩洛哥0.010.010.010.010.020.020.030.030.040.060.0610.3%31.2%0.2%南非†0.010.010.010.030.060.070.100.110.110.114.1%34.1%0.4%其他非洲国家0.040.040.040.050.060.080.080.090.100.110.11-2.3%13.6%0.3%非洲总计0.060.070.070.080.120.180.220.250.280.340.3810.4%21.0%1.2%澳大利亚0.090.110.130.160.180.210.230.240.290.370.4519.9%17.2%1.4%孟加拉国†††††††††††17.1%26.9%◆中国0.771.051.361.812.232.643.444.615.816.757.7915.1%28.9%24.6%中国香港特别行政区†††††††††††44.5%56.1%◆印度0.360.440.500.560.630.650.790.951.181.331.437.6%16.2%4.5%印度尼西亚0.100.100.110.120.160.130.200.210.260.350.376.3%13.7%1.2%日本0.290.300.330.390.490.640.670.800.901.011.1311.9%14.8%3.6%马来西亚0.010.020.020.020.020.030.030.030.040.040.045.4%12.3%0.1%新西兰0.080.080.080.090.090.100.100.100.100.100.100.3%4.1%0.3%巴基斯坦††††0.010.010.020.040.050.050.04-7.0%98.6%0.1%菲律宾0.100.100.110.110.110.130.140.140.150.150.15-0.5%3.3%0.5%新加坡0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.011.4%5.5%◆韩国0.060.080.090.120.150.180.190.240.270.300.3618.5%27.0%1.1%斯里兰卡†††††††0.010.010.010.0142.1%36.5%◆中国台湾0.030.030.040.040.040.040.040.050.060.070.0929.4%10.5%0.3%泰国0.060.070.090.120.150.160.180.210.240.280.28-3.3%18.7%0.9%越南†††††††††0.040.08128.1%48.7%0.3%亚太其他国家和地区†††††0.010.010.010.010.010.0212.4%26.8%◆亚太地区总计1.952.402.883.554.284.926.067.639.3810.8712.3613.4%21.5%39.0%全球总计9.6311.0812.6014.3816.0418.1020.1123.0625.8828.8231.719.7%13.4%100.0%其中：经合组织7.048.119.1210.1210.9612.2013.0114.3515.3116.5618.048.6%10.5%56.9%非经合组织2.592.973.484.265.085.907.108.7010.5712.2613.6711.2%19.4%43.1%欧盟3.113.654.254.554.815.305.335.846.006.516.976.7%9.3%22.0%包括可再生能源（不包括水电，其单独报告）和生物燃料。可再生能源消费量以可再生资源发电总量为基准，跨国电力供应未被计算在内。“投入当量”能源指火力发电厂生成所报告的电力输出所需的燃料量。详细的热效率假设可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站的附录与定义中查询。†低于0.005。◆低于0.05%。备注：年度变化和占总量的比例采用艾焦数据计算，且针对假设的热效率变化进行了调整。调整了闰年的增长率。以太瓦时表示的其他可再生能源数据可在bp.com/statisticalreview网站查询。可再生能源56bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：可再生能源发电量太瓦时2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大19.321.023.123.724.739.846.341.647.547.151.28.4%11.6%1.6%墨西哥8.79.110.511.613.816.618.119.925.932.339.220.9%14.7%1.2%美国173.7201.9228.3266.2296.8315.8367.4417.7451.6483.7551.713.8%12.4%17.5%北美洲总计201.7231.9261.9301.5335.3372.2431.9479.3525.0563.1642.113.7%12.5%20.4%阿根廷2.02.22.82.92.93.02.53.02.06.411.274.5%13.8%0.4%巴西34.135.340.847.659.371.684.996.1106.3117.6120.32.1%17.2%3.8%智利3.74.76.47.46.99.011.715.017.920.723.613.4%19.6%0.7%哥伦比亚1.11.41.51.41.81.92.02.02.22.62.60.1%9.5%0.1%厄瓜多尔0.20.30.30.40.50.50.60.50.50.70.74.0%12.4%◆秘鲁0.70.70.71.21.71.71.91.82.72.93.310.8%20.4%0.1%特立尼达和多巴哥†††††††††††-0.3%-14.6%◆委内瑞拉†††††††††††-0.3%–◆其他中南美洲国家9.09.411.513.015.419.422.724.127.830.331.12.1%14.3%1.0%中南美洲总计50.954.064.173.888.6107.1126.4142.6159.4181.4192.96.1%16.6%6.1%奥地利6.66.67.48.49.010.311.012.812.413.913.6-2.3%8.3%0.4%比利时6.28.210.111.312.014.214.015.616.819.223.522.0%14.2%0.7%捷克共和国3.15.26.06.57.37.67.47.77.88.08.0-0.2%13.6%0.3%芬兰11.311.711.612.712.813.714.516.718.819.419.50.3%8.0%0.6%法国15.519.625.528.631.537.539.144.049.557.164.312.2%16.3%2.0%德国84.2106.4121.3129.3142.9169.8169.1196.2206.8222.7232.44.1%11.3%7.4%希腊3.14.15.78.07.78.89.49.810.412.114.620.0%15.7%0.5%匈牙利2.82.52.42.62.83.03.03.33.54.55.114.5%5.3%0.2%意大利25.837.150.359.262.163.465.667.765.669.570.30.8%13.2%2.2%荷兰11.112.312.412.111.613.614.617.418.822.732.040.9%7.8%1.0%挪威1.21.61.92.32.52.82.43.14.15.910.374.3%17.1%0.3%波兰8.010.814.814.617.720.720.721.619.623.525.68.7%14.1%0.8%葡萄牙12.212.613.815.716.015.716.516.717.018.618.1-2.9%6.4%0.6%罗马尼亚0.41.62.95.26.59.68.99.88.59.19.21.7%84.3%0.3%西班牙54.655.666.474.271.168.968.269.569.873.880.58.8%4.5%2.6%瑞典15.717.619.421.322.027.127.129.928.933.540.119.3%9.2%1.3%瑞士1.41.61.92.22.62.83.23.73.94.24.712.8%12.4%0.2%土耳其3.95.87.49.812.016.523.029.037.843.349.814.7%34.8%1.6%乌克兰0.20.30.81.31.71.71.61.92.65.39.783.4%40.0%0.3%英国22.629.535.948.558.677.177.693.0104.6114.6127.811.2%19.1%4.1%其他欧洲国家23.628.832.035.339.342.943.250.452.459.061.74.3%11.4%2.0%欧洲总计313.6379.5449.9509.2549.7627.5640.2719.7759.9840.0921.09.4%12.0%29.3%阿塞拜疆†––0.10.10.10.10.10.20.20.2-3.1%61.1%◆白俄罗斯0.10.10.10.10.10.10.20.30.30.50.54.7%22.3%◆哈萨克斯坦–††††0.20.40.40.51.13.7235.6%–0.1%俄罗斯联邦0.50.60.50.50.81.01.11.21.41.83.592.4%13.8%0.1%土库曼斯坦†††††††††††-0.3%–◆乌兹别克斯坦––––––†††††-0.3%–◆其他独联体国家††††††††0.10.10.1-2.2%42.5%◆独联体国家总计0.60.70.60.71.01.41.82.12.53.88.1113.0%20.9%0.3%伊朗0.20.20.20.20.20.30.30.40.80.91.03.8%15.2%◆伊拉克–––†0.10.10.10.10.40.40.4-0.3%–◆以色列0.10.30.50.50.91.31.81.82.03.35.771.5%46.0%0.2%科威特–––††††0.10.10.20.2-0.3%–◆阿曼–––†††††††0.21141.3%–◆卡塔尔–0.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.1-0.3%–◆沙特阿拉伯†††††††0.10.21.01.0-0.3%110.5%◆阿拉伯联合酋长国†††0.10.30.30.30.81.34.25.632.8%91.3%0.2%其他中东国家††††0.10.31.11.72.73.64.523.1%72.8%0.1%中东地区总计0.40.70.91.11.82.43.85.07.713.818.634.8%45.4%0.6%阿尔及利亚††††0.10.10.30.50.60.60.6-3.0%–◆埃及1.41.71.81.61.21.92.62.73.56.59.749.3%20.1%0.3%摩洛哥0.70.70.71.21.92.53.43.54.86.37.010.7%32.0%0.2%南非0.50.50.50.82.66.27.910.611.412.012.64.6%37.4%0.4%其他非洲国家3.83.94.55.26.78.99.49.710.812.612.4-1.9%14.3%0.4%非洲总计6.36.97.68.812.519.723.627.031.238.042.310.9%21.9%1.3%澳大利亚8.411.113.216.418.321.724.125.732.241.249.920.6%18.6%1.6%孟加拉国0.10.10.10.10.20.20.20.30.30.40.417.5%27.6%◆中国75.0104.3136.8183.8229.5279.1369.5502.0636.4742.0863.116.0%31.3%27.4%中国香港特别行政区†††††0.10.10.10.10.10.160.5%52.7%◆印度33.941.949.555.963.065.179.899.1123.9139.2151.28.3%17.4%4.8%印度尼西亚9.49.59.69.510.210.311.013.114.514.916.812.8%4.8%0.5%日本29.731.034.241.252.268.272.387.598.7111.2125.612.7%15.3%4.0%马来西亚1.31.51.51.20.91.01.11.12.02.63.119.4%6.6%0.1%新西兰8.18.89.09.210.211.011.010.710.711.011.10.7%4.8%0.4%巴基斯坦††0.10.30.61.02.34.25.45.45.0-6.7%99.8%0.2%菲律宾10.010.110.59.910.712.313.913.613.914.014.42.6%3.0%0.5%新加坡0.60.60.60.70.80.90.90.90.91.01.01.8%6.1%◆韩国4.57.68.610.214.717.318.924.127.230.537.021.0%32.8%1.2%斯里兰卡0.10.10.20.30.30.40.50.70.70.81.142.6%37.3%◆中国台湾2.93.43.43.83.94.34.55.26.47.910.330.4%12.0%0.3%泰国3.44.15.27.29.010.012.514.917.921.420.5-4.5%25.0%0.7%越南0.10.10.10.10.10.30.30.40.54.19.5128.9%49.5%0.3%亚太其他国家和地区0.20.20.20.30.40.60.70.91.21.51.712.8%27.6%0.1%亚太地区总计187.6234.5282.9350.4425.2504.0623.6804.3992.91149.21322.014.7%22.9%42.0%全球总计761.2908.21067.91245.51414.01634.41851.32180.22478.62789.23147.012.5%15.9%100.0%其中：经合组织569.3672.8778.7886.7977.41113.91197.91347.81456.61599.31788.611.5%12.5%56.8%非经合组织191.9235.4289.2358.8436.6520.5653.4832.41022.01189.91358.413.8%23.5%43.2%欧盟279.7336.0396.7439.7466.8521.3527.0583.2599.9658.5710.47.6%10.6%22.6%基于总产量。†低于0.05。◆低于0.05%。备注：本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用太瓦时为单位的数据。调整了闰年的增长率。57bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：分种类发电量2020年的增长率太瓦时风能太阳能其他可再生能源‡2019年总计风能太阳能其他可再生能源‡2020年总计风能太阳能其他可再生能源‡总计加拿大32.74.210.347.136.14.410.751.210.2%4.6%3.9%8.4%墨西哥16.77.48.232.319.711.97.639.217.5%60.7%-7.9%20.9%美国298.9108.076.8483.7340.9134.076.8551.713.8%23.7%-0.3%13.8%北美洲总计348.3119.695.3563.1396.7150.395.1642.113.6%25.3%-0.5%13.7%阿根廷5.00.80.66.49.51.30.411.289.0%67.6%-33.7%74.5%巴西56.06.754.9117.657.08.055.4120.31.6%19.3%0.5%2.1%智利4.96.39.520.75.67.610.323.614.6%20.5%8.0%13.4%哥伦比亚0.10.12.42.6†0.22.42.6-54.3%36.3%-0.5%0.1%厄瓜多尔0.10.20.50.70.10.20.50.7-0.3%-0.3%6.3%4.0%秘鲁1.70.80.52.91.80.80.73.38.7%1.7%30.6%10.8%特立尼达和多巴哥–†–†–†–†–-0.3%–-0.3%委内瑞拉–†–†–†–†–-0.3%–-0.3%其他中南美洲国家11.14.315.030.311.44.715.031.12.5%10.5%-0.5%2.1%中南美洲总计78.819.183.5181.485.422.884.7192.98.2%19.0%1.1%6.1%奥地利7.51.74.713.96.81.65.313.6-9.4%-6.8%10.4%-2.3%比利时9.74.25.219.213.05.15.323.533.6%20.6%1.5%22.0%捷克共和国0.72.35.08.00.72.25.18.0-0.4%-2.6%0.9%-0.2%芬兰6.10.113.219.48.10.311.219.531.9%73.7%-15.1%0.3%法国34.611.710.757.140.613.110.664.317.0%11.0%-1.7%12.2%德国125.946.450.4222.7131.050.650.8232.43.7%8.8%0.5%4.1%希腊7.34.40.412.19.34.90.414.627.7%9.7%-7.5%20.0%匈牙利0.71.52.24.50.62.42.15.1-12.0%58.0%-5.8%14.5%意大利20.223.725.669.518.726.025.770.3-7.7%9.3%-0.2%0.8%荷兰11.55.35.822.715.38.18.732.032.3%50.6%48.9%40.9%挪威5.50.10.35.99.90.10.310.378.5%26.1%2.4%74.3%波兰15.10.77.723.515.72.07.925.63.8%179.3%2.5%8.7%葡萄牙13.71.33.618.612.41.74.018.1-9.8%25.9%12.5%-2.9%罗马尼亚6.81.80.59.17.01.70.69.22.4%-4.5%13.8%1.7%西班牙53.115.15.673.853.220.86.580.5◆37.3%14.9%8.8%瑞典19.80.713.033.528.11.111.040.141.1%58.9%-15.9%19.3%瑞士0.12.21.94.20.22.61.94.715.7%20.1%4.0%12.8%土耳其21.79.212.443.324.810.814.249.813.6%16.8%14.9%14.7%乌克兰2.02.90.35.33.26.20.49.756.6%110.3%8.4%83.4%英国64.312.937.3114.675.612.839.4127.817.2%-1.2%5.3%11.2%其他欧洲国家1.70.30.22.21.70.40.32.44.4%22.1%23.6%8.7%欧洲总计460.0152.8227.2840.0510.1178.9232.0921.010.6%16.8%1.9%9.4%阿塞拜疆0.1†0.10.20.1†0.10.2-10.0%6.5%◆-3.1%白俄罗斯0.20.20.10.50.20.20.10.510.5%1.3%1.6%4.7%哈萨克斯坦0.70.4†1.11.12.6†3.760.1%555.6%5.7%235.6%俄罗斯联邦0.31.00.51.81.11.90.53.5260.5%88.5%-1.8%92.4%土库曼斯坦–†–†–†–†–-0.3%–-0.3%乌兹别克斯坦–†–†–†–†–-0.3%–-0.3%其他独联体国家†0.1†0.1†0.1†0.1-0.6%-4.0%-0.3%-2.2%独联体国家总计1.31.70.83.82.64.80.88.193.4%180.0%-0.9%113.0%伊朗0.60.3†0.90.60.3†1.00.1%12.5%-0.3%3.8%伊拉克–0.4–0.4–0.4–0.4–-0.3%–-0.3%以色列†3.10.23.3†5.50.25.7-0.3%75.8%-0.3%71.5%科威特†0.2–0.2†0.2–0.2-0.3%-0.3%–-0.3%阿曼–†–†–0.2–0.2–1141.3%–1141.3%卡塔尔–†0.10.1–†0.10.1–-0.3%-0.3%-0.3%沙特阿拉伯–1.0–1.0–1.0–1.0–-0.3%–-0.3%阿拉伯联合酋长国–4.2†4.2–5.6†5.6–32.8%-0.3%32.8%其他中东国家0.92.7†3.61.33.2†4.538.5%18.1%-0.3%23.1%中东地区总计1.611.90.313.81.916.40.318.622.4%37.4%-0.3%34.8%阿尔及利亚†0.6–0.6†0.6–0.6-20.2%-2.7%–-3.0%埃及4.61.9–6.56.82.9–9.748.5%51.3%–49.3%摩洛哥4.71.6–6.35.41.6–7.014.4%-0.3%–10.7%南非6.74.90.412.07.05.20.412.64.4%5.3%-0.3%4.6%其他非洲国家2.91.97.812.62.62.17.612.4-10.2%12.9%-2.3%-1.9%非洲总计18.910.98.238.021.812.48.142.315.2%13.5%-2.2%10.9%澳大利亚19.518.33.541.222.623.83.449.915.8%30.0%-1.9%20.6%孟加拉国†0.3†0.4†0.4†0.4-0.3%17.9%5.2%17.5%中国405.3224.0112.7742.0466.5261.1135.5863.114.8%16.2%19.9%16.0%中国香港特别行政区††0.10.1††0.10.121.7%5.6%61.7%60.5%印度63.346.329.7139.260.458.732.1151.2-4.8%26.5%7.9%8.3%印度尼西亚0.50.114.314.90.50.515.916.8-2.2%773.0%10.4%12.8%日本6.772.332.2111.27.882.934.9125.615.1%14.4%8.1%12.7%马来西亚–0.71.92.6–1.21.93.1–68.8%0.7%19.4%新西兰2.30.18.611.02.30.28.611.11.8%24.2%–0.7%巴基斯坦3.11.60.65.42.71.70.65.0-13.5%3.1%2.3%-6.7%菲律宾1.01.211.714.01.01.412.014.4-1.7%9.9%2.2%2.6%新加坡–0.20.81.0–0.30.71.0–51.2%-10.9%1.8%韩国2.713.014.930.53.116.617.337.016.9%27.1%16.4%21.0%斯里兰卡0.30.40.10.80.60.40.11.195.6%6.9%-0.3%42.6%中国台湾1.94.02.07.92.36.11.910.320.7%51.2%-2.2%30.4%泰国2.24.614.621.42.24.613.720.5-0.3%-0.3%-6.4%-4.5%越南†4.1†4.1†9.5†9.560.7%129.0%-7.0%128.9%亚太其他国家和地区0.50.80.31.50.51.10.21.7-0.3%27.4%-10.9%12.8%亚太地区总计509.4392.0247.81149.2572.6470.3279.11322.012.1%19.6%12.3%14.7%全球总计1418.2707.9663.12789.21591.2855.7700.13147.011.9%20.5%5.3%12.5%其中：经合组织830.8378.8389.81599.3932.9455.7400.01788.612.0%20.0%2.3%11.5%非经合组织587.3329.2273.41189.9658.3400.0300.11358.411.8%21.2%9.5%13.8%欧盟364.5125.2168.8658.5394.7146.1169.6710.48.0%16.4%0.2%7.6%基于总产量。‡包括地热能、生物质能以及其他可再生能源的发电量（尚未逐项列出）。†低于0.05。◆低于0.05%。请登录bp.com/statisticalreview获取更详尽的各类可再生能源时间序列数据。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。58bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：太阳能装机容量安装的光伏（PV）功率吉瓦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大0.20.50.81.21.82.52.72.93.13.33.30.2%42.6%0.5%墨西哥††0.10.10.10.20.40.72.54.45.626.9%67.8%0.8%美国2.05.28.111.816.021.733.041.451.458.973.824.9%47.8%10.4%北美洲总计2.35.79.013.117.924.436.044.957.166.782.823.8%48.2%11.7%阿根廷–†††††††0.20.40.872.4%n/a0.1%巴西††††††0.11.32.54.67.970.3%n/a1.1%智利––††0.20.61.11.82.12.63.121.2%n/a0.4%洪都拉斯†††††0.40.40.50.50.50.5-0.3%64.7%0.1%其他中南美洲国家0.10.20.30.40.60.81.01.72.12.62.85.9%46.3%0.4%中南美洲总计0.10.20.30.50.81.82.75.27.510.815.139.6%67.4%2.1%奥地利0.10.20.30.60.80.91.11.31.51.72.230.1%42.6%0.3%比利时1.02.02.62.93.03.13.33.64.04.65.621.4%28.2%0.8%保加利亚†0.21.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.12.1%87.0%0.2%捷克共和国1.71.92.02.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.1-1.0%16.2%0.3%丹麦††0.40.60.60.80.90.91.01.11.320.0%71.2%0.2%法国1.03.04.45.36.07.17.78.69.710.811.78.3%44.2%1.7%德国18.025.934.136.737.939.240.742.345.249.053.89.4%16.6%7.6%希腊0.20.61.52.62.62.62.62.62.72.83.214.3%51.0%0.5%匈牙利††††0.10.20.20.30.71.42.039.1%106.4%0.3%意大利3.613.116.818.218.618.919.319.720.120.921.63.2%32.4%3.1%荷兰0.10.10.30.71.01.52.12.94.67.210.241.9%59.1%1.4%波兰––†††0.10.20.30.61.53.9155.0%n/a0.6%葡萄牙0.10.20.20.30.40.40.50.60.70.91.013.5%22.9%0.1%罗马尼亚†††0.81.31.31.41.41.41.41.4-1.1%159.7%0.2%斯洛伐克–†0.50.50.50.50.50.50.50.60.60.2%n/a0.1%西班牙3.94.34.64.74.74.74.74.74.89.011.831.0%10.1%1.7%瑞典††††0.10.10.20.20.40.71.497.9%54.9%0.2%瑞士0.10.20.40.81.11.41.71.92.22.63.222.8%41.8%0.5%土耳其†††††0.20.83.45.16.06.710.9%104.4%0.9%乌克兰†0.20.40.70.80.81.01.22.05.97.323.2%n/a1.0%英国0.11.01.82.95.59.611.912.813.113.313.61.3%86.0%1.9%其他欧洲国家0.10.60.30.50.60.70.91.11.31.72.125.8%41.5%0.3%欧洲总计30.153.671.781.988.897.5104.7113.5124.4146.3167.814.4%24.1%23.7%俄罗斯联邦––†††0.10.10.20.51.11.433.9%n/a0.2%其他独联体国家††††0.10.10.20.20.51.21.850.5%97.7%0.3%独联体国家总计††††0.10.20.20.41.02.33.242.7%110.6%0.5%以色列0.10.20.20.40.70.80.91.01.11.21.2-0.3%47.4%0.2%约旦––††††0.30.40.81.11.423.1%n/a0.2%阿拉伯联合酋长国†††††††0.30.51.82.433.8%68.3%0.3%其他中东国家†††0.10.10.20.30.51.01.41.511.1%68.0%0.2%中东地区总计0.10.20.30.50.81.01.52.13.35.56.518.6%62.7%0.9%阿尔及利亚––––††0.20.40.40.40.4-0.3%n/a0.1%埃及†††††††0.20.71.61.71.7%104.2%0.2%摩洛哥††††††††0.20.20.2-0.3%31.3%0.0%南非†††0.31.11.32.03.14.44.45.524.3%n/a0.8%其他非洲国家0.20.20.20.40.50.60.71.01.31.61.76.7%33.1%0.2%非洲总计0.20.30.30.71.61.93.04.77.18.39.514.5%54.5%1.3%澳大利亚1.12.53.84.65.46.16.97.68.913.617.629.6%44.7%2.5%中国1.03.16.717.728.443.577.8130.8175.0204.6253.823.7%85.9%35.9%印度0.10.61.01.43.45.49.717.927.134.939.011.5%97.1%5.5%日本3.64.96.412.119.328.638.444.255.561.567.08.6%37.2%9.5%马来西亚†††0.10.20.20.30.40.50.91.568.8%109.6%0.2%巴基斯坦†††0.10.20.30.60.70.70.70.73.1%69.2%0.1%菲律宾†††††0.20.80.90.91.01.07.4%99.0%0.1%韩国0.70.71.01.62.53.64.55.87.110.514.638.4%35.0%2.1%中国台湾†0.10.20.40.60.81.21.82.74.15.839.8%83.7%0.8%泰国†0.10.40.81.31.42.42.73.03.03.0-0.3%55.1%0.4%越南††††††††0.14.916.5236.0%106.3%2.3%亚太其他国家和地区0.80.10.20.20.30.40.60.80.91.42.044.5%16.5%0.3%亚太地区总计7.312.119.839.161.690.6143.2213.6282.5341.0422.623.6%54.9%59.7%全球总计40.172.0101.4135.7171.6217.5291.3384.5482.9580.8707.521.5%38.3%100.0%数据来源：国际可再生能源机构（2021），2021年可再生能源发电量统计数据，阿布扎比。年底。†低于0.05。备注：此表中装机容量数据按交流电计算。调整了闰年的增长率。59bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：风能装机容量风力涡轮机装机容量吉瓦2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大4.05.36.27.89.711.212.012.412.813.413.60.9%15.1%1.9%墨西哥0.50.61.82.12.63.34.14.24.96.68.123.0%31.5%1.1%美国39.145.759.160.064.272.681.387.694.4103.6117.713.4%11.7%16.1%北美洲总计43.651.567.169.976.587.197.3104.2112.1123.6139.412.5%12.5%19.0%阿根廷†0.10.10.20.20.20.20.30.81.62.662.6%50.1%0.4%巴西0.91.41.92.24.97.610.112.314.815.417.211.1%38.3%2.3%智利0.20.20.20.30.70.91.01.31.51.62.132.3%25.8%0.3%哥斯达黎加0.10.10.10.10.20.30.30.40.40.40.4-4.4%13.1%0.1%乌拉圭††0.10.10.50.91.21.51.51.51.5-0.3%47.7%0.2%其他中南美洲国家0.20.40.60.71.01.41.61.61.82.12.523.6%28.8%0.3%中南美洲总计1.52.23.13.67.511.214.517.320.822.626.416.4%35.2%3.6%奥地利1.01.11.31.72.12.52.72.93.13.23.2-0.3%12.4%0.4%比利时0.91.11.41.81.92.22.42.83.33.94.721.1%20.3%0.6%保加利亚0.50.50.70.70.70.70.70.70.70.70.7-0.3%7.8%0.1%丹麦3.84.04.24.84.95.15.25.56.16.16.21.9%5.8%0.9%芬兰0.20.20.30.40.61.01.62.02.02.32.58.1%31.6%0.3%法国5.96.87.68.29.210.311.613.514.916.417.45.5%13.6%2.4%德国26.928.731.033.538.644.649.455.658.760.762.22.1%9.0%8.5%希腊1.31.61.81.82.02.12.42.62.93.64.114.3%11.9%0.6%爱尔兰1.41.61.72.02.32.52.83.33.74.24.33.1%12.8%0.6%意大利5.86.98.18.58.79.19.49.710.210.710.81.2%8.1%1.5%荷兰2.22.32.42.72.93.44.34.24.44.56.646.8%7.3%0.9%挪威0.40.50.70.80.90.90.91.21.72.94.036.1%21.3%0.5%波兰1.11.82.63.43.84.95.75.85.85.86.37.1%23.5%0.9%葡萄牙3.84.34.44.64.94.95.15.15.25.25.20.0%4.6%0.7%罗马尼亚0.41.01.82.83.23.13.03.03.03.03.0-0.8%70.1%0.4%西班牙20.721.522.823.022.922.923.023.123.425.627.15.6%2.9%3.7%瑞典2.02.83.64.25.15.86.46.67.38.79.711.3%19.4%1.3%土耳其1.31.72.32.83.64.55.86.57.07.68.816.0%25.4%1.2%乌克兰0.10.10.20.40.50.50.50.60.61.31.411.2%30.8%0.2%英国5.46.69.011.313.114.316.119.621.824.124.72.1%18.5%3.4%其他欧洲国家1.01.31.61.71.92.22.52.83.13.43.75.6%16.3%0.5%欧洲总计86.296.4109.4121.0133.8147.5161.5177.1189.0203.9216.65.9%10.3%29.5%俄罗斯联邦††††††††0.10.10.9824.8%26.1%0.1%其他独联体国家††††0.10.10.10.20.20.40.653.4%55.3%0.1%独联体国家总计††††0.10.10.10.20.30.51.5218.3%41.7%0.2%伊朗0.10.10.10.10.10.20.20.30.30.30.30.0%12.6%0.0%约旦†††††0.10.20.20.30.40.538.8%74.7%0.1%其他中东国家†††††††††0.10.1-0.1%29.5%0.0%中东地区总计0.10.10.10.10.20.30.40.50.60.80.918.7%22.5%0.1%埃及0.60.60.60.60.60.80.80.81.11.41.4-0.3%12.2%0.2%摩洛哥0.20.30.30.50.80.80.91.01.21.21.414.4%18.7%0.2%南非†††0.30.61.11.52.12.12.12.625.5%73.6%0.4%突尼斯0.10.10.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.2-0.3%16.5%0.0%其他非洲国家†0.10.10.20.20.50.50.50.80.80.8-0.3%62.1%0.1%非洲总计0.81.01.11.72.43.33.84.65.55.86.512.2%23.1%0.9%澳大利亚1.92.12.63.23.84.24.34.85.77.19.532.2%15.4%1.3%中国29.646.461.676.796.8131.0148.5164.4184.7209.5282.034.2%28.1%38.5%印度13.216.217.318.422.525.128.732.835.337.538.62.5%13.1%5.3%日本2.32.42.62.62.82.83.23.53.73.84.210.8%6.6%0.6%新西兰0.50.50.60.60.70.70.70.70.70.70.813.5%3.3%0.1%巴基斯坦††0.10.10.20.30.60.81.21.21.2-0.3%70.4%0.2%菲律宾††††0.30.40.40.40.40.40.4-0.3%29.7%0.1%韩国0.40.40.50.60.60.81.11.21.41.51.67.9%15.7%0.2%中国台湾0.50.50.60.60.60.60.70.70.70.80.8-0.3%8.5%0.1%泰国††0.10.20.20.20.50.61.11.51.5-0.3%76.6%0.2%亚太其他国家和地区0.10.10.20.20.30.40.40.50.70.91.232.4%30.1%0.2%亚太地区总计48.568.786.0103.4128.8166.7189.2210.5235.6265.1341.928.6%23.0%46.6%全球总计180.9220.1267.1300.3349.7416.2466.9514.4563.8622.2733.317.5%15.3%100.0%数据来源：国际可再生能源机构（2021），2021年可再生能源发电量统计数据，阿布扎比。年底。†低于0.05。备注：此表中装机容量数据按交流电计算。调整了闰年的增长率。60bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：生物燃料产量千桶油当量/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大1518171822212222222421-10.2%5.4%1.3%墨西哥–––––––––––n/an/a–美国499556531555588605642664684665602-9.6%4.6%35.9%北美洲总计514574548574609625664686707689623-9.6%4.7%37.2%阿根廷3242433849385358514627-40.3%9.1%1.6%巴西292251257299315338317320384411395-4.0%4.5%23.5%哥伦比亚811121213131312141312-9.0%8.2%0.7%其他中南美洲国家4556781010111312-3.1%13.7%0.7%中南美洲总计336309316356384396392399461482446-7.5%5.1%26.6%奥地利777767877773.2%0.3%0.4%比利时788811778888-0.7%12.8%0.5%芬兰6456782656714.7%3.9%0.4%法国4342494647494544514743-8.0%0.7%2.6%德国5958545864596061636665-0.6%3.3%3.9%意大利151169101010121315167.7%0.4%0.9%荷兰712242833362837363837-1.7%23.7%2.2%波兰881213141517171718193.4%9.2%1.1%葡萄牙56556666676-15.6%4.6%0.3%西班牙1916111419212235403932-19.0%8.7%1.9%瑞典44444443787-9.9%8.9%0.4%英国5369761014131110-5.7%10.6%0.6%其他欧洲国家2022262828313335393936-6.4%7.1%2.2%欧洲总计204201217234256260252286304309295-4.6%5.6%17.6%独联体国家总计1†1††††††††◆-3.7%◆中东地区总计†††††††††††–2.7%◆非洲总计22222332333–-6.0%0.2%澳大利亚34455422233-4.5%-4.3%0.2%中国293638424740394745556316.0%6.4%3.8%印度35555101211182120-8.1%26.2%1.2%印度尼西亚427334159245450911241262.1%46.0%7.5%韩国65777888131312-4.9%12.2%0.7%泰国1617243034363137404544-3.6%14.2%2.6%亚太其他国家和地区816212835363432374541-8.3%18.3%2.5%亚太地区总计681091321581911591801882463063101.1%17.1%18.5%全球总计11251195121513251443144414911562172117901677-6.3%6.2%100.0%其中：经合组织73579278582888690693598810351020938-8.0%4.9%56.0%非经合组织391404430497557537557574686770738-4.1%8.3%44.0%欧盟198195210223247252239267287293279-4.7%5.4%16.7%各类生物燃料的产量千桶油当量/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年生物汽油加拿大与墨西哥1316161617161616171816-12.2%4.0%1.7%美国480502475479516534554575580569501-12.0%3.7%52.2%巴西257212217256264280261256305324300-7.4%3.0%31.2%其他中南美洲国家79101417192123242421-10.6%13.9%2.2%欧洲3640465251565256575449-7.7%5.9%5.1%独联体国家–––††††††††-0.3%n/a◆中东†††††††††††–2.7%◆非洲22222332333–-6.0%0.3%亚太地区3139404753575158657670-7.7%10.0%7.3%全球总计82582080786692096595998710521067960-10.0%4.0%100.0%其中：经合组织534564543553590613628652660647572-11.6%3.8%59.5%非经合组织292256264313330353331336391420389-7.5%4.4%40.5%欧盟3340444645524748515047-6.4%5.5%4.9%生物柴油‡加拿大与墨西哥22125466655-3.1%12.5%0.7%美国1954557671708789104961014.6%12.8%14.1%巴西35394043505856637987958.7%13.9%13.2%其他中南美洲国家3748494353405457524830-36.8%8.0%4.2%欧洲168160171183205203200230248255245-4.0%5.5%34.2%独联体国家1†1††††††††–-3.8%◆中东–––––––––––n/an/a–非洲––†††††––––n/an/a–亚太地区3771911111381021291291812302404.0%21.1%33.5%全球总计300375409459523478532575670723716-0.9%10.8%100.0%其中：经合组织201227242274296294307337375373367-1.7%7.2%51.2%非经合组织99148167184227185225238295349349◆16.8%48.8%欧盟165156166177201199192219236243233-4.3%5.3%32.5%数据来源：包括来自埃信华迈（IHSMarkit）数据；美国能源信息署数据（2021年3月）。生物燃料总量包括生物汽油（如乙醇）、生物柴油和生物喷气燃料。根据能含量对体积进行了调整。‡生物柴油产量包括目前全球产量小于1千桶油当量/天、但与2019年相比产量增长了一倍多的生物喷气燃料。†低于0.5。◆低于0.05%。n/a。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶油当量/天为单位的数据。61bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）可再生能源：生物燃料消费量千桶油当量/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大1727353536343238394236-13.2%11.2%2.2%墨西哥222233344440.4%7.5%0.2%美国478515513556564586632633626626558-10.9%4.2%33.2%北美洲总计497543551593603623668675669671598-11.0%4.5%35.6%阿根廷1014171922242630282916-46.5%n/a0.9%巴西257235222261288341310326378420418-0.4%5.7%24.9%哥伦比亚1012121213131314151614-10.9%9.0%0.8%其他中南美洲国家1112141515161718171716-8.2%7.1%0.9%中南美洲总计287272265307338395365387439482464-3.8%6.5%27.6%奥地利10101081012109998-11.5%-0.4%0.5%比利时77668589991123.6%13.5%0.6%芬兰233488376773.8%11.9%0.4%法国4444484952535354535549-10.3%2.1%2.9%德国515356505350505153526321.8%0.2%3.8%意大利262528242025252526152141.2%-3.1%1.3%荷兰4777788911141831.3%7.2%1.1%波兰121314141312811171817-5.7%4.7%1.0%葡萄牙66555755555-11.7%2.3%0.3%西班牙2732391718182124313123-28.1%18.5%1.3%瑞典910121216192528272725-9.6%17.8%1.5%英国2120171922171817243129-4.4%5.2%1.8%其他欧洲国家22263138363743505261610.8%12.2%3.7%欧洲总计2412552762532692712762983233363391.0%5.2%20.2%独联体国家总计111†††1223312.6%21.9%0.2%中东地区总计†††††††††††-26.4%-4.4%◆非洲总计†1111111111-0.9%8.9%0.1%澳大利亚444564433332.4%-0.1%0.2%中国3235415059444442546156-8.1%6.7%3.3%印度18201919222328253338393.2%10.3%2.3%印度尼西亚571117281546395696982.5%39.4%5.8%韩国767109888131313-0.9%10.7%0.8%泰国1414182428303134374242-0.2%12.2%2.5%亚太其他国家和地区810131619222425262724-10.9%17.8%1.4%亚太地区总计8696114142171147184176223279274-1.6%14.0%16.3%全球总计11121168120612971382143814951538165817721679-5.2%6.2%100.0%其中：经合组织75882084887189892096799610211033961-6.9%4.8%57.2%非经合组织354348359425484518528542636739718-2.8%8.7%42.8%欧盟2172332552242412482482652852872942.2%4.7%17.5%各类生物燃料的消费量千桶油当量/天2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年生物汽油美国464465463477485503516522520525454-13.4%2.8%45.6%加拿大与墨西哥1522282830303032333431-10.5%8.5%3.1%巴西222197181218238283254263300333324-2.7%4.3%32.5%其他中南美洲国家1213151820222426272723-14.4%10.2%2.3%欧洲5355565252535254566158-5.9%3.6%5.8%独联体国家––––––†11229.9%n/a0.2%中东地区††††††††††0-26.4%-4.4%◆非洲†1111111111-0.9%8.9%0.1%亚太地区525760667382888297110105-5.0%9.0%10.5%全球总计81981080486190097496598110361093997-8.8%4.1%100.0%其中：经合组织541552556567579598610620623632555-12.2%3.2%55.6%非经合组织278258248294322377355361413461442-4.1%5.6%44.4%欧盟4749484343434244465049-3.2%2.4%4.9%生物柴油美国1549508079831161111061011042.5%18.9%15.2%加拿大与墨西哥3798876910119-17.2%28.0%1.3%巴西35384043505856637987958.6%14.2%13.9%其他中南美洲国家1824282830313135343522-36.3%21.1%3.3%欧洲1872002212012172192242442672742812.6%5.6%41.2%独联体国家111†††1111116.6%11.4%0.2%中东地区–––––––––––n/an/a–非洲–––––––––––n/an/a–亚太地区34405475976697931261691700.6%19.3%24.9%全球总计2943584024364824645305566226786820.5%11.1%100.0%其中：经合组织2182692923043193223583763994014061.4%8.1%59.5%非经合组织7690110131163142173180223278276-0.6%18.1%40.5%欧盟1691842071811982042062212392372453.4%5.2%35.9%包括生物汽油（如乙醇）和生物柴油。根据能源含量对体积进行了调整。†低于0.5。◆低于0.05%。n/a。本表格计算年度变化值及各组成部分在总量中所占比例时，使用千桶油当量/天为单位的数据。62bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）全球生物燃料产量在2020年下降6%（113,000桶油当量/天），而过去10年平均增长率为6%。亚洲（4,000桶油当量/天）的温和增长被美国（64,000桶油当量/天）、阿根廷（19,000桶油当量/天）和巴西（16,000桶油当量/天）的下降所抵消。亚洲因生物柴油产量的增长而在生物燃料产量方面具备一定韧性。所有主要地区的乙醇产量均下降7%到12%（全球下降总量为107,000桶油当量/天）。生物柴油是欧洲和亚太地区主要生产的生物燃料（2020年在两个地区的生物燃料总产量中分别占比83%和77%）。乙醇则是北美洲（占总量的83%）和中南美洲（72%）主产的生物燃料。生物燃料消费量减少5%（92,000桶油当量/天）。美国的生物燃料消费量与产量一样，为全球降幅最大（68,000桶油当量/天），其中大部分是乙醇。阿根廷同样如此，原因是生物柴油的消费量大幅下降（13,000桶油当量/天）。2020年欧洲生物燃料消费量增长了1%（3,000桶油当量/天）。从全球范围看，2019年乙醇在生物燃料中的占比为59%，生物柴油的份额则在不断上升。例如，2010年生物柴油的占比为26%，但去年已上升至41%。2000100015005000002040608101214161820世界其他地区亚太地区欧洲中南美洲北美洲0全球生物燃料产量千桶油当量/天2000100015005000002040608101214161820生物柴油乙醇0750625500375250125北美洲中南美洲欧洲亚太地区世界其他地区2019年乙醇产量2020年乙醇产量2019年生物柴油产量2020年生物柴油产量02000100015005000002040608101214161820世界其他地区亚太地区欧洲中南美洲北美洲0全球生物燃料消费量千桶油当量/天63bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）电力发电量太瓦时2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年加拿大607.0638.3636.5655.7647.6659.3663.7660.1655.8648.7643.9-1.0%0.6%2.4%墨西哥275.6292.1296.4297.1303.3310.3319.4325.1335.1322.6313.2-3.2%1.9%1.2%美国4394.34363.44310.64330.34363.34348.74347.94302.54461.64411.24286.6-3.1%0.5%16.0%北美洲总计5276.85293.85243.55283.15314.25318.45331.15287.75452.55382.45243.6-2.8%0.6%19.5%阿根廷126.0129.5136.0139.4138.6145.4147.2145.6146.8139.5142.51.9%1.3%0.5%巴西515.8531.8552.5570.8590.5581.2578.9589.3601.4626.3620.1-1.3%3.0%2.3%智利61.365.269.773.071.674.577.778.682.383.684.30.5%3.4%0.3%哥伦比亚64.766.267.769.872.775.074.475.178.380.075.0-6.5%2.4%0.3%厄瓜多尔19.520.522.823.324.326.027.328.029.732.932.0-2.7%6.0%0.1%秘鲁35.938.841.043.345.548.351.752.754.957.052.7-7.7%5.6%0.2%特立尼达和多巴哥8.58.89.19.59.910.310.09.99.29.79.0-7.0%2.2%◆委内瑞拉116.7122.9127.9130.0128.3123.8113.8109.4105.189.858.4-35.1%-3.2%0.2%其他中南美洲国家192.1197.5204.6208.4205.7212.1224.5218.1223.2220.3208.7-5.5%1.6%0.8%中南美洲总计1140.51181.11231.41267.61287.31296.61305.61306.81330.91339.01282.8-4.5%2.1%4.8%奥地利71.165.972.468.065.164.968.371.368.674.271.7-3.6%0.7%0.3%比利时95.290.282.983.572.669.885.886.875.193.790.4-3.8%0.3%0.3%捷克共和国85.987.687.687.186.083.983.387.088.087.081.4-6.6%0.6%0.3%芬兰81.173.770.571.468.269.269.267.970.669.068.8-0.6%-0.5%0.3%法国569.3565.0565.2575.5564.9571.8556.2554.0574.0562.8524.9-7.0%0.5%2.0%德国633.1613.1630.1638.7627.8647.6649.7652.9642.9609.4571.9-6.4%0.2%2.1%希腊57.459.461.057.250.551.954.455.353.345.542.6-6.6%-3.0%0.2%匈牙利37.436.034.630.329.430.431.932.932.034.234.61.1%-0.5%0.1%意大利302.1302.6299.3289.8279.8283.0289.8295.8289.7293.9282.7-4.0%◆1.1%荷兰118.1113.0102.5100.9103.4110.1115.2117.3114.1121.1122.40.8%0.6%0.5%挪威123.6127.6147.7134.0142.0144.5149.0149.4147.1134.9154.514.2%0.2%0.6%波兰157.7163.5162.1164.6159.1164.9166.6170.5170.0164.0157.8-4.0%0.8%0.6%葡萄牙54.152.546.651.752.852.460.359.459.653.254.11.5%0.6%0.2%罗马尼亚61.062.259.058.963.366.365.164.364.859.556.2-5.7%0.3%0.2%西班牙300.4291.8297.6285.3278.8281.0274.6275.6274.5267.5255.8-4.7%-1.0%1.0%瑞典148.3151.2166.3153.2153.7162.1156.1164.3163.4168.4169.20.2%2.1%0.6%瑞士68.064.870.070.472.066.361.961.867.672.170.4-2.5%0.5%0.3%土耳其211.2229.4239.5240.2252.0261.8274.4297.3304.8303.9305.40.2%4.5%1.1%乌克兰188.8194.9198.9194.4182.8163.7164.6156.0159.9154.1149.0-3.6%-1.2%0.6%英国382.1368.0363.9358.3338.1338.9339.2338.2332.8324.8312.8-4.0%-1.5%1.2%其他欧洲国家320.0307.1295.4309.2297.2298.2305.9303.2312.8299.0294.7-1.7%-0.2%1.1%欧洲总计4065.84019.44053.14022.23939.23982.74021.44061.34065.53992.13871.3-3.3%0.2%14.4%阿塞拜疆18.720.323.023.424.724.725.024.325.226.122.8-12.7%3.3%0.1%白俄罗斯34.932.230.831.534.734.233.634.538.940.538.7-4.6%2.9%0.1%哈萨克斯坦82.686.690.692.694.691.694.6103.1107.3106.5109.22.2%3.1%0.4%俄罗斯联邦1038.01054.91069.31059.11064.21067.51091.01091.21109.21118.11085.4-3.2%1.2%4.0%土库曼斯坦16.717.217.818.920.121.522.622.824.225.426.64.4%4.7%0.1%乌兹别克斯坦51.952.853.054.955.457.359.160.862.963.165.02.7%2.3%0.2%其他独联体国家41.144.646.043.344.144.043.546.348.649.249.40.3%2.3%0.2%独联体国家总计1284.01308.51330.41323.71337.91340.91369.31383.01416.41428.81397.1-2.5%1.5%5.2%伊朗235.7235.6248.8258.9273.5279.5286.1305.2314.4318.7331.63.8%3.7%1.2%伊拉克41.742.247.862.171.275.386.393.6100.2131.9131.3-0.7%12.3%0.5%以色列58.559.363.061.461.364.367.467.769.372.374.32.4%2.7%0.3%科威特57.157.562.761.065.168.370.172.974.275.274.9-0.7%3.5%0.3%阿曼19.821.925.026.229.132.834.236.137.738.338.91.1%7.6%0.1%卡塔尔28.130.734.834.738.741.542.345.647.949.950.51.1%7.5%0.2%沙特阿拉伯240.1250.1272.1284.5312.3338.8345.5349.5344.0343.7340.9-1.1%4.7%1.3%阿拉伯联合酋长国93.999.1106.2110.0116.5127.4129.6134.6136.0138.5138.4-0.3%4.9%0.5%其他中东国家98.793.488.383.783.581.882.185.483.785.284.4-1.2%-0.6%0.3%中东地区总计873.7889.7948.6982.41051.41109.71143.71190.51207.41253.61265.20.6%4.5%4.7%阿尔及利亚45.753.157.459.964.268.871.076.076.781.578.8-3.6%6.6%0.3%埃及144.4149.6162.8165.1171.2181.8188.2193.2199.4200.6198.6-1.2%4.1%0.7%摩洛哥23.725.427.728.129.330.330.731.634.440.138.2-5.2%6.4%0.1%南非259.6262.5257.9256.1254.8250.1252.7255.1256.3252.6239.5-5.5%0.1%0.9%其他非洲国家198.8198.9215.3234.8248.4257.3253.9268.9280.3288.6288.9-0.2%4.9%1.1%非洲总计672.3689.4721.1744.0767.9788.4796.5824.8847.2863.4843.9-2.5%3.2%3.1%澳大利亚251.0256.3250.7249.6247.6254.0258.2259.0262.6265.9265.2-0.5%0.6%1.0%孟加拉国40.844.248.754.457.461.870.073.481.189.789.1-0.9%9.2%0.3%中国4207.24713.04987.65431.65794.55814.66133.26604.47166.17503.47779.13.4%7.3%29.0%中国香港特别行政区38.339.138.839.139.838.038.237.036.536.935.2-4.8%-0.5%0.1%印度937.51034.01091.81146.11262.21317.31401.71471.31579.21603.71560.9-2.9%6.2%5.8%印度尼西亚169.8183.4200.3216.2228.6234.0247.9254.7267.1278.9275.2-1.6%5.9%1.0%日本1156.01104.21106.91087.81062.71030.11035.11042.11053.21030.31004.8-2.7%-0.8%3.7%马来西亚125.0127.1134.1141.0147.5150.1156.7160.6170.6171.5159.6-7.2%4.0%0.6%新西兰44.944.444.243.343.744.443.843.244.444.844.2-1.7%0.3%0.2%巴基斯坦99.4100.699.5101.0106.3110.5116.0127.7138.3138.6137.8-0.9%3.4%0.5%菲律宾67.769.272.975.377.382.490.894.499.8106.0101.8-4.3%5.5%0.4%新加坡45.446.046.948.049.350.351.652.252.954.153.1-2.2%2.6%0.2%韩国495.0518.2531.2537.2540.4547.8561.0576.4592.9585.3574.0-2.2%2.6%2.1%斯里兰卡10.811.611.912.012.913.214.415.016.216.816.9◆5.3%0.1%中国台湾247.1252.2250.4252.3260.0258.1264.1270.3275.5274.1279.81.8%1.8%1.0%泰国157.6153.3169.0168.6173.8177.8179.8176.7177.6186.5176.4-5.7%2.5%0.7%越南91.7101.5115.1124.5141.3157.9175.7191.6209.2227.5234.52.8%10.9%0.9%亚太其他国家和地区72.576.878.284.588.691.4109.3119.7116.0127.5131.83.1%6.9%0.5%亚太地区总计8257.78875.19278.19812.310333.710433.910947.611569.812339.312741.612919.31.1%5.4%48.2%全球总计21570.722257.022806.323435.224031.724270.524915.225623.926659.127001.026823.2-0.9%2.9%100.0%其中：经合组织11062.811014.311023.711015.610956.611005.011082.811119.511312.811168.410880.8-2.8%0.5%40.6%非经合组织10507.911242.711782.612419.713075.213265.513832.414504.415346.415832.515942.40.4%5.1%59.4%欧盟2982.62931.32932.32912.92851.12899.12920.12952.42937.52892.52770.6-4.5%0.2%10.3%基于总产量。◆低于0.05%。备注：调整了闰年的增长率。64bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）从全球范围来看，煤炭是主要的发电燃料，但其份额在2020年降低1.3个百分点，达到35.1%，为历年统计数据最低。去年可再生能源的份额上升到创纪录的水平（11.7%）。可再生能源和燃气发电的合计份额（35.1%）首次与煤炭相当。欧洲可再生能源在发电量中的占比达到23.8%，超过核能。欧洲也由此成为全球首个以可再生能源为主要发电源的地区。天然气是北美洲、独联体、中东地区和非洲主要的发电燃料。南美洲和中美洲超过一半的电力来自水力发电。亚洲的煤炭占发电结构的57%，远高于其他任何地区。在欧洲，可再生能源（包括生物能源）是最大的发电源，占比首次达到23.8%，超过占比为21.6%的核能。欧洲各类发电源占比相当均衡，其中可再生能源、核能、天然气分别占19.6%，水电占16.9%。2020年分地区分燃料发电量百分比石油天然气煤炭核能水电可再生能源其他（包括未单独列出的其他来源，如抽水储能、不可再生废弃物以及统计偏差）0100806040107050309020亚太地区非洲中东地区欧洲独联体国家中南美洲北美洲分地区可再生能源发电比重百分比2015105全球亚太地区非洲中东地区独联体国家欧洲中南美洲北美洲0004101216180206081420250全球分燃料发电比重百分比水电核能可再生能源石油煤炭天然气其他2088969204000816125010203040065bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）分燃料发电量2019年2020年太瓦时石油天然气煤炭核能水电可再生能源其他‡总计石油天然气煤炭核能水电可再生能源其他r‡总计加拿大3.269.547.9100.5379.747.10.7648.73.370.935.697.5384.751.20.7643.9墨西哥34.8187.732.711.423.632.3–322.633.7183.118.911.426.839.2–313.2美国19.71705.21051.1852.0285.5483.714.04411.218.81738.4844.1831.5288.7551.713.44286.6北美洲总计57.81962.41131.7963.9688.7563.114.75382.455.81992.4898.6940.4700.2642.114.15243.6阿根廷3.082.91.18.437.16.40.5139.57.479.82.510.730.511.20.4142.5巴西9.960.424.516.1397.9117.6–626.37.556.322.915.3396.8120.31.0620.1其他中南美洲国家98.5103.248.8–265.957.4†573.278.697.451.1–233.161.3†520.2中南美洲总计111.4246.674.424.6700.9181.4†1339.093.5233.576.426.0660.5192.90.11282.8德国4.890.0171.475.120.2222.725.2609.44.391.9134.864.418.6232.425.5571.9意大利11.8141.721.3–46.469.53.2293.99.7136.216.7–46.770.33.1282.7荷兰1.470.417.43.90.122.75.2121.11.372.18.84.1†32.04.0122.4波兰1.814.8121.0–2.023.51.0164.01.416.7111.0–2.125.61.1157.8西班牙12.383.214.158.322.573.83.3267.510.768.75.658.227.580.54.6255.8土耳其0.357.3112.9–88.843.31.2303.90.170.0106.1–78.149.81.3305.4乌克兰0.710.247.483.06.55.31.0154.10.713.941.276.26.39.71.0149.0英国1.1131.96.956.25.9114.68.1324.80.9114.15.450.36.5127.87.7312.8其他欧洲国家19.4174.7177.0653.5435.6264.528.71753.517.2175.4145.2584.3469.5292.829.11713.5欧洲总计53.6774.2689.5930.0627.9840.076.93992.146.3759.1574.8837.4655.3921.077.43871.3哈萨克斯坦–21.374.1–10.01.1–106.5–21.373.0–9.83.71.4109.2俄罗斯联邦12.0519.2176.8209.0194.41.84.91118.110.7485.5152.3215.9212.43.54.91085.4其他独联体国家0.8151.84.02.244.10.90.4204.20.8151.14.22.143.40.90.1202.5独联体国家总计12.8692.3254.9211.2248.53.85.31428.811.6657.9229.4218.0265.68.16.41397.1伊朗82.5199.20.76.429.00.9–318.782.1220.40.76.321.21.0–331.6沙特阿拉伯136.6206.0–––1.0–343.7132.8207.0–––1.0–340.9阿拉伯联合酋长国†134.3–––4.2†138.5†131.2–1.6–5.6–138.4其他中东国家144.8274.221.9–4.27.6†452.8142.6277.419.0–4.311.0–454.3中东地区总计363.9813.722.66.433.213.8†1253.6357.5836.119.78.025.418.6–1265.2埃及27.4153.5––13.26.5–200.625.8150.0––13.19.7–198.6南非1.31.9218.213.61.012.04.6252.61.41.9202.415.60.512.65.1239.5其他非洲国家47.2182.237.5–123.019.50.8410.242.4180.333.6–128.920.00.6405.8非洲总计75.9337.5255.713.6137.238.05.4863.469.6332.2236.015.6142.642.35.7843.9澳大利亚4.755.7149.8–14.141.20.3265.94.553.1142.9–14.549.90.3265.2中国10.8232.54849.7348.71272.5742.047.27503.411.4247.04917.7366.21322.0863.151.67779.1印度5.167.51184.545.2162.0139.20.21603.74.970.81125.244.6163.6151.20.61560.9印度尼西亚10.662.3174.5–16.514.90.1278.96.851.3180.9–19.516.8†275.2日本53.5363.7307.265.673.6111.255.51030.341.6353.5298.843.077.5125.664.81004.8马来西亚1.166.875.3–25.82.6–171.50.945.689.6–20.33.1–159.6韩国8.1154.0239.6145.92.830.54.3585.37.0153.3208.5160.23.937.04.1574.0中国台湾5.791.2126.432.35.57.95.0274.14.299.9126.031.43.010.34.9279.8泰国1.1121.835.8–6.321.4†186.50.7113.936.8–4.520.5†176.4越南1.442.5110.8–67.74.10.9227.51.235.1118.6–69.09.51.2234.5亚太其他国家和地区43.1239.2143.79.2144.534.10.8614.540.5233.5141.49.3149.334.90.8609.7亚太地区总计145.11497.17397.4646.91791.51149.2114.312741.6123.81456.97386.4654.81847.21322.0128.312919.3全球总计820.56323.89826.22796.64227.92789.2216.727001.0758.06268.19421.42700.14296.83147.0231.826823.2其中：经合组织172.33358.62450.21994.61444.21599.3149.111168.4150.43360.02067.81876.71479.71788.6157.610880.8非经合组织648.22965.27376.0802.02783.71189.967.615832.5607.62908.17353.6823.42817.11358.474.315942.4欧盟49.2566.7475.1765.5317.1658.560.32892.542.7552.9373.4687.9342.0710.461.22770.6基于总产量。‡包括未单独列出的其他来源，如抽水储能、不可再生废弃物以及统计偏差（可能为正值，也可能为负值）。†低于0.05。66bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）能源系统转型中的重要矿产资源钴产量矿产量千吨2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年澳大利亚3.93.95.96.46.26.05.55.84.95.75.7-1.0%2.1%4.4%加拿大4.66.83.74.03.94.34.23.73.53.33.2-4.3%-1.6%2.5%中国1.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.53.12.52.3-8.3%3.1%1.8%古巴4.85.14.74.03.74.35.15.04.54.74.7-0.5%0.2%3.7%刚果民主共和国84.099.586.476.676.584.469.090.3109.478.085.99.8%3.3%67.3%马达加斯加0.20.50.62.43.44.03.83.42.82.90.7-75.8%n/a0.5%摩洛哥3.12.22.02.02.22.32.72.52.12.31.9-17.6%-1.3%1.5%新喀里多尼亚2.93.12.73.24.03.73.42.81.71.20.7-45.2%-4.7%0.5%巴布亚新几内亚–n/a0.51.02.12.52.23.33.32.92.8-4.0%n/a2.2%菲律宾2.12.02.72.84.64.34.14.64.44.64.5-3.7%12.7%3.5%俄罗斯联邦6.26.16.36.36.36.25.55.96.16.36.3–10.3%4.9%南非1.81.62.53.03.02.92.32.32.32.11.8-14.5%13.2%1.4%赞比亚8.67.75.45.94.63.05.02.61.64.34.3–1-3.2%3.3%世界其他地区5.88.39.911.47.57.14.84.02.83.03.13.1%-2.6%2.4%全球总计129.5148.2134.7130.5129.4136.5119.1137.8152.6123.8127.72.9%2.8%100.0%1零（未调整闰年数据）。数据来源：包括美国地质调查局、英国地质调查局、英国研究与创新中心和世界矿业数据的数据。n/a。备注：其他增长率按闰年进行调整。锂产量矿产量千吨锂含量2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年阿根廷3.03.02.72.53.23.65.85.76.46.36.2-1.9%11.0%7.2%澳大利亚8.511.712.710.112.411.914.021.357.045.040.0-11.4%23.4%46.4%巴西0.20.30.20.40.20.20.20.20.32.41.9-21.0%31.1%2.2%智利10.413.613.911.712.010.915.215.818.822.120.6-7.0%14.0%23.9%中国4.04.14.54.72.32.02.36.87.110.814.029.3%11.1%16.2%葡萄牙0.80.80.60.60.30.20.40.80.80.90.9–1n/a1.0%美国1.01.01.00.90.90.90.90.90.90.90.9–1-5.0%1.0%津巴布韦0.50.51.11.00.90.91.00.81.61.21.2–111.6%1.4%世界其他地区n/an/a––––0.21.12.30.50.5–15.6%0.6%全球总计28.235.036.631.932.230.740.053.395.290.286.3-4.6%16.3%100.0%1零（未调整闰年数据）。数据来源：包括美国地质调查局、英国地质调查局、英国研究与创新中心和世界矿业数据的数据。n/a。备注：其他增长率按闰年进行调整。天然石墨产量矿产量千吨2010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年巴西192.4105.288.191.987.075.185.085.095.096.095.0-1.3%4.9%10.5%加拿大20.025.024.020.030.030.030.040.040.011.010.0-9.3%-3.1%1.1%中国700.0800.0820.0750.0780.0780.0780.0625.0630.0700.0650.0-7.4%4.5%71.7%印度2115.7153.3134.7146.4116.7134.6122.435.035.035.034.0-3.1%-11.9%3.7%马达加斯加3.83.62.94.35.38.19.213.348.153.629.0-45.9%31.6%3.2%墨西哥6.67.37.57.09.26.53.81.74.11.61.6–3-11.0%0.2%莫桑比克n/an/an/an/an/an/an/a0.3104.0153.012.0-92.2%n/a1.3%挪威6.37.87.06.28.39.29.69.612.016.015.0-6.5%13.4%1.7%俄罗斯联邦7.720.714.320.217.615.919.419.511.917.517.5–32.3%1.9%斯里兰卡3.43.44.23.14.04.24.03.54.04.03.5-12.7%2.3%0.4%土耳其–5.331.528.73.9–––16.810.010.0–315.3%1.1%乌克兰2.80.64.66.913.814.514.614.915.015.015.0–313.3%1.7%世界其他地区22.419.217.220.731.920.618.014.917.715.514.0-9.9%-11.7%1.5%全球总计981.11151.31156.11105.51107.71098.71096.1862.71033.51128.2906.7-19.9%◆100.0%1包括精矿和直接装运材料。数据来源：包括美国地质调查局、英国地质调查局、英国研究与创新中心和世界矿业数据的数据。2原矿。3零（未调整闰年数据）。◆低于0.05%。n/a。备注：其他增长率按闰年进行调整。稀土金属产量矿产量千吨12010年2011年2012年2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年年均增长率2020年占比2020年2009-19年澳大利亚–2.23.21.36.211.913.917.318.617.641.4134.6%n/a15.5%巴西0.10.11.60.3-0.92.21.71.10.71.040.5%15.4%0.4%中国89.293.893.893.8105.0105.0105.0105.0120.0132.0140.05.8%0.2%52.3%印度n/an/an/a0.31.71.01.51.52.93.03.0–268.8%1.1%马达加斯加n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a2.04.08.099.5%n/a3.0%俄罗斯联邦1.51.42.11.42.12.33.12.52.62.62.6–23.2%1.0%泰国5.63.10.10.11.90.81.61.31.01.92.05.0%-7.2%0.7%美国––3.05.55.45.9––18.028.038.035.3%n/a14.2%世界其他地区0.60.60.30.30.20.62.10.621.026.631.618.5%114.3%11.8%全球总计97.0101.3104.2103.0122.6128.3129.4129.8187.2216.4267.723.3%4.8%100.0%1千吨稀土氧化物当量。数据来源：包括美国地质调查局、英国地质调查局、英国研究与创新中心和世界矿业数据的数据。2零（未调整闰年数据）。n/a。备注：其他增长率按闰年进行调整。67bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）钴价格千美元/吨碳酸锂价格千美元/吨†0102030405060807090030405060708091011121314151819171620036912150304050607080910111213141518191716202000-2012年阴极即期汇率,数据来源：美国地质调查局。2013年以来的数据：最低纯度99.8%,数据来源：伦敦金属交易所。†2000-2008年单位价格,数据序列140,数据来源：美国地质调查局。2009年以来的数据：南美洲离岸价格,数据来源：英国基准矿业情报。重要矿产储量钴储量千吨2020年底份额储产比澳大利亚140020.3%247加拿大2203.2%69中国801.2%35古巴5007.2%107刚果民主共和国360052.2%42马达加斯加1001.4%143摩洛哥140.2%7新喀里多尼亚640.9%94巴布亚新几内亚510.7%18菲律宾2603.8%58俄罗斯联邦2503.6%40南非400.6%22赞比亚2703.9%63世界其他地区530.8%17全球总计6902100.0%54锂储量千吨2020年底份额储产比阿根廷190010.0%306澳大利亚470024.8%118巴西950.5%50智利920048.5%446中国15007.9%107葡萄牙600.3%67美国7504.0%833津巴布韦2201.2%183世界其他地区5302.8%994全球总计1895518955100%220世界其他地区的储量只包括有记录部分。n/a。天然石墨储量千吨2020年底份额储产比巴西7000020.0%737加拿大n/an/an/a中国7300020.9%112印度80002.3%235马达加斯加260007.4%895墨西哥31000.9%1948莫桑比克250007.2%2083挪威6000.2%40俄罗斯联邦257037.4%1469斯里兰卡15000.4%428.6土耳其9000025.8%9009.0乌克兰n/an/an/a世界其他地区266007.6%1893全球总计349503100.0%385稀土金属储量千吨2020年底份额储产比澳大利亚41003.3%99巴西2100016.9%21000中国4400035.4%314印度69005.6%2300马达加斯加n/an/an/a俄罗斯联邦2060216.6%7924泰国n/an/an/a美国15001.2%39世界其他地区2604021.0%824全球总计124142100.0%464数据来源（以上所有表格）:包括来自美国地质调查局的数据。68bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）附录单位1公吨=2204.62磅=1.1023短吨1千升=6.2898桶=1立方米1大卡=4.1868千焦=3.968英热单位1千焦=1,000焦耳=0.239大卡=0.948英热单位1拍焦耳=1百亿亿焦耳(1x1015)1艾焦耳=1千万亿焦耳(1x1018)1英热=0.252大卡单位=1.055千焦1吨油=39.683万英热单位当量（吨油当量）=41.868吉焦1桶油=5.8万英热单位当量=6.119吉焦1千瓦时=860千卡=3600千焦=3412英热单位热当量1艾焦耳约等于：热量单位239万亿大卡948万亿英热单位固体燃料40万吨硬煤95万吨褐煤和次烟煤气体燃料参见天然气和液化天然气表电力278太瓦时所有燃料能含量均为净热值或低热值（即减去燃烧促成的水汽化的热值）。1桶乙醇=0.58桶油当量1桶生物柴油=0.86桶油当量1吨乙醇=0.68吨油当量1吨生物柴油=0.88吨油当量计算方法将非化石能源发电量换算为一次能源的方法非化石能源（核能、水电、风能、太阳能、地热能、生物质能和其他可再生能源）的一次能源消耗量按“投入当量”计算。即按标准火力发电厂生产特定量的电所投入的等量化石燃料计算。标准发电厂的热效率假设值是随时间变化的，以测得的平均效率值简单表示。具体如下：1965-2000年：假设恒定效率为36%2000-2017年：根据观察数据得出从36%线性增长至40%自2018年起：年效率增长率以简单的假设值为依据，即到2050年效率将线性增长至45%。下表具体列出了此类假设值：将非化石电力换算为一次能源时所用的热当量效率系数年份效率系数年份效率系数1965-200036%201138.6%200136.2%201238.8%200236.5%201339.1%200336.7%201439.3%200436.9%201539.5%200537.2%201639.8%200637.4%201740.0%200737.6%201840.2%200837.9%201940.4%200938.1%202040.5%201038.4%有关计算方法换算的更多详细信息，请访问bp.com/statisticalreview网站的“关于年鉴”栏目。本报告中一次能源消费量为净值。净热值调整后的全热值依照燃料类型对应。能源转化过程中（天然气凝析液、煤制油和煤制气），输入部分记为原燃料的生产量，输出部分记为转化燃料的消费量。百分比在取近似值之前进行计算。近似值差异由于取近似值，部分数据的总值可能区别于各部分的总和。吨公制当量吨。近似换算系数原油从到吨（公吨）千升桶美国加仑吨/年乘以吨（公吨）11.1657.33307.86–千升0.858116.2898264.17–桶0.13640.159142–美国加仑0.003250.00380.02381–桶/天––––49.8基于全球平均重力。成品油换算桶到吨吨到桶千升到吨吨到千升吨到吉焦吨到桶油当量乘以乙烷0.05916.8500.3732.67949.4008.073液化石油气（LPG）0.08611.6000.5411.84946.1507.542汽油0.1208.3500.7531.32844.7507.313煤油0.1277.8800.7981.25343.9207.177柴油/轻油0.1347.4600.8431.18643.3807.089残余燃料油0.1576.3500.9911.01041.5706.793揽子油品0.1248.0580.7811.28143.0767.039天然气（NG）和液化天然气（LNG）从到10亿立方米天然气10亿立方英尺天然气拍焦耳天然气100万吨油当量100万吨液化天然气万亿英热单位100万桶油当量乘以10亿立方米天然气1.00035.31536.0000.8600.73534.1215.88310亿立方英尺天然气0.0281.0001.0190.0240.0210.9660.1671拍焦耳天然气0.0280.9811.0000.0240.0210.9520.164100万吨油当量1.16341.07141.8681.0000.85539.6836.842100万吨液化天然气1.36048.02848.7471.1691.00046.4058.0011万亿英热单位0.0291.0351.0500.0250.0221.0000.172100万桶油当量0.1706.0036.0930.1460.1255.8001.000定义更多信息对于本年鉴的摘引我们欢迎出版者摘引本年鉴，但需说明其出处为《bp世界能源统计年鉴》（2021年版）。如需复制大量的表格和/或图表，则须事先获得《bp世界能源统计年鉴》编辑部的许可。联系方式如下：TheeditorStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergybpp.l.c.1StJames’sSquareLondonSW1Y4PDUKsr@bp.com未经普氏（Platts）事先授权，严禁分发或复制任何来自普氏的数据。bp不承担任何更新本年鉴的义务，也无义务纠正任何可能趋于明显的不准确之处。对于任何不准确、遗漏或与本年鉴或其中相关信息有关的任何直接、间接、特殊、后果性或其他任何损失或损害，bp及任何子公司（无论授权代表，雇员及个体）概不承担责任。能源展望在线查阅《bp世界能源展望》。《bp世界能源展望》对塑造全球能源市场的各种力量进行探讨。登录bp.com/energyoutlook，下载数据图表并观看能源展望视频。加入讨论#bpstats鸣谢数据汇编：赫瑞瓦特大学能源经济研究与政策中心，ceerp.hw.ac.uk设计和排版：伦敦WhitehouseAssociates69bp世界能源统计年鉴（2021年版）本统计年鉴中的统计数据来自政府数据以及其他公开发布的数据。未使用bp公司在其商业经营过程中获得的任何保密信息。国家、地区与地理分组本统计中的国家与地区分组是出于统计之目的，不含任何对政治或经济立场进行判断的意图。北美洲美国（不包括美属领地）、加拿大、墨西哥。中南美洲加勒比海地区（包括波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛）、百慕大、中美洲和南美洲。欧洲经济与合作发展组织内的欧洲成员，以及阿尔巴尼亚、波黑、保加利亚、克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、格鲁吉亚、直布罗陀、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、黑山、北马其顿、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和乌克兰。独立国家联合体（独联体）亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、摩尔多瓦、俄罗斯联邦、塔吉克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦。中东地区阿拉伯半岛、伊朗、伊拉克、以色列、约旦、黎巴嫩、叙利亚。北非非洲北部沿海从埃及到西撒哈拉沙漠的所有非洲地区。西非非洲西部沿海从毛里塔尼亚到安哥拉的所有非洲地区，包括佛得角与乍得。东南非洲非洲东部沿海从苏丹到南非共和国的所有非洲地区，以及博茨瓦纳、马达加斯加、马拉维、纳米比亚、乌干达、赞比亚、津巴布韦。亚太地区文莱、柬埔寨、中国†、中国香港特别行政区、中国澳门特别行政区、印度尼西亚、日本、老挝、马来西亚、蒙古国、朝鲜、菲律宾、新加坡、南亚（阿富汗、孟加拉国、印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、斯里兰卡）、韩国、中国台湾、泰国、越南、澳大利亚、新西兰、巴布亚新几内亚、大洋洲。†中国大陆地区。特别行政区。大洋洲澳大利亚、新西兰。经济合作与发展组织（OECD）成员欧洲：奥地利、比利时、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、土耳其、英国。其他成员国：澳大利亚、加拿大、智利、哥伦比亚、以色列、日本、墨西哥、新西兰、韩国、美国。石油输出国组织（OPEC）成员中东地区：伊朗、伊拉克、科威特、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国。北非：阿尔及利亚、利比亚。西非：安哥拉、赤道几内亚、加蓬、尼日利亚、刚果共和国。南美洲：委内瑞拉。欧盟成员国奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典。非经合组织国家所有不属于经合组织的国家。©bpp.l.c.2021