图22: 国内风电整机市场集中度短期回落 ........................................................................................................................... 14
图23: 2020 年国内风电整机市场 CR5 为64.7% .................................................................................................................. 14
图24: 近年来风电新增装机机组功率大型化趋势明显........................................................................................................ 15
图25: 风机龙头金风科技大功率机组销售占比持续增加 .................................................................................................... 15
图26: 2020 年国内风电整机商中标份额 TOP3 为远景能源、金风科技、明阳智能 ....................................................... 15
图27: 2021 年1-10 月运达股份、三一重能、中车风电中标份额增加明显 ..................................................................... 15
图28: 近年来叶轮直径增大趋势明显 ................................................................................................................................... 16
图29: 叶片直径增加 37.9%可带来度电成本下降 30% ........................................................................................................ 16
图30: 国内风电叶片行业集中度稳步提升 ........................................................................................................................... 17
图31: 高切变下,高度增加会显著提升风速 ....................................................................................................................... 18
图32: 天顺风能风塔业务收入领先同行 ............................................................................................................................... 18
图33: 2021 年以来风塔企业毛利率有所承压 ...................................................................................................................... 18
图34: 天顺风能海外业务收入领先同行 ............................................................................................................................... 19
图35: 风电铸件主要包括轮毂、底座等 ............................................................................................................................... 20
图36: 风电铸件直接材料占风电铸件成本 60-70% .............................................................................................................. 20
图37: 2019 年中国整体铸件产量占全球 44% ...................................................................................................................... 21
图38: 2019 年以来日月股份风电铸件收入大幅领先同行 ................................................................................................... 21
图39: 2020 年金雷股份和通裕重工风电主轴合计实现收入 28 亿元 ................................................................................. 21
图40: 风电机组轴承主要有主轴轴承、偏航轴承、变桨轴承 ............................................................................................ 22
图41: 全球风电主轴轴承市场被跨国轴承集团垄断 ........................................................................................................... 22
图42: 近两年新强联风电轴承收入迎来快速增长 ............................................................................................................... 23
图43: 风电轴承已经成为新强联主要收入来源 ................................................................................................................... 23
图44: 海缆生产流程相比陆缆更复杂 ................................................................................................................................... 23
图45: 原材料占海缆成本的 90%以上 ................................................................................................................................... 23
图46: 2019 年我国海缆市场 CR3 为93% ............................................................................................................................. 24
图47: “十四五”期间我国海缆市场潜力较大 ................................................................................................................... 24
图48: 风电机组占陆上风电建设成本的 70% ....................................................................................................................... 25
图49: 风电机组仅占海上风电建设成本的 30-40% .............................................................................................................. 25
图50: 采用大功率机组风电项目塔架、基础、安装投资明显下降 .................................................................................... 27
图51: 2020 年以来风机招标价格持续下滑 .......................................................................................................................... 27
图52: 我国海上风电可供开发资源丰富 ............................................................................................................................... 28
图53: 2020 年全球海上风电新增装机 6.1GW ...................................................................................................................... 29
图54: 未来 10 年全球海上风电新增装机规模可观 ............................................................................................................. 29
图55: 2020 年中国海上风电新增装机 3.06GW .................................................................................................................... 29
图56: GWEC 预计 2021-2030 年我国海上风电新增装机在 60GW 左右 ........................................................................... 29
图57: 海上风电降本主要通过机组、基础、吊装等综合降本 ............................................................................................ 30
图58: 2010 年以来全球海上风电建设成本大幅下降 .......................................................................................................... 30
图59: 全球海上风电新增装机功率提升显著 ....................................................................................................................... 31
图60: 2020 年中国海上风电新增装机平均单机功率为 4.9MW ......................................................................................... 31
图61: 海外企业海上风电机组功率即将突破 15MW ........................................................................................................... 31
图62: 明阳智能、金风科技正在布局海上风电 16MW 机型 .............................................................................................. 32