第44 卷 第 7期
2022 年7月
Vol. 44 No. 7
Jul. 2022
能耗“双控”向碳排放“双控”转变的实施路径
研究
Research on the implementation path of the transition from dual control on energy
consumption to dual control on carbon emission
谢典,高亚静,芦新波,刘天阳,赵良,赵勇
XIE Dian,GAO Yajing,LU Xinbo,LIU Tianyang,ZHAO Liang,ZHAO Yong
(中国华能集团有限公司能源研究院,北京 100031)
(Energy Research Institute of China Huaneng Group Company Limited,Beijing 100031,China)
摘 要:我国已提出创造条件尽早实现能耗“双控”向碳排放总量和强度“双控”的转变,但如何科学合理地制定相
关政策并有效实施还存在诸多问题。在分析我国能源消费与碳排放总量和强度现状的基础上,梳理了能耗“双控”
政策提出的背景以及不同时期的内涵及执行情况。结合经济/社会发展水平、能源消费结构、碳排放来源组成、绿色
技术发展现状等因素,剖析了能耗“双控”向碳排放“双控”转变的必要性及面临的挑战,从核算体系、实施路径、实
施阶段 3个方面提出了推进的措施。最后,研究了碳排放“双控”政策对我国能源电力消费的影响,从煤电绿色转
型、发展非化石能源、推动负碳技术应用、加强碳资产管理、加快碳中和人才培育 5方面提出了发电企业的应对策略。
关键词:碳中和;能源消费“双控”;碳排放“双控”;核算体系;实施路径;碳捕集、利用与封存
中图分类号:TK 01 文献标志码:A文章编号:2097-0706(2022)07 - 0073 - 08
Abstract:China has proposed the stimulations for the quick transformation from dual control on energy consumption to
dual control on carbon emission which consists of total volume and emission intensity,but problems on how to formulate
policies scientifically and reasonably and how to implement them effectively need to be deeply studied. Based on the
analysis on the current situation of the total amount and intensity of domestic carbon emission' from energy consumption ,
the connotation and implementation of the dual control on energy consumption in different times are expounded. Taking
economic and social development level,energy consumption mix,carbon emission sources and development status of
green technology into consideration,the necessity and challenges of the transformation from dual control on energy
consumption to dual control on carbon emission sre analyzed,and measures and suggestions to promote the transformation
are put forward from three aspects:accounting system,implementation path and implementation stage. Finally,the impact
of the carbon emission dual control policy on China's energy and power consumption are studied,and the coping strategies
of power generation enterprises are put forward from five aspects,green transition of coal-fired power enterprises,
development of non-fossil energy,application of carbon-negative technology,strengthening carbon asset management and
cultivation talents specializing in carbon neutrality.
Keywords:carbon neutrality;dual control on energy consumption;dual control on carbon emission;accounting system;
implementation path;CCUS
0引言
随着现代工业的迅猛发展和人类活动的日益
频繁,气候变化已成为当今世界所面临的一项严峻
挑战
[1]
。2019 年,全球平均温度比工业化前的水平
升高了1. 1 ℃
[2]
,联合国政府间气候变化专门委员
会(IPCC)发布的《全球升温 1. 5 ℃特别报告》提出,
如无有效控制手段,全球气温将在 2030—2052年比
工业化前升高 1. 5 ℃
[3]
。积极应对气候变化已逐步
成为全球共识,其中控制以二氧化碳为主的温室气
体排放成为关键。化石能源活动是碳排放的主要
来源,各国把降低化石能源消耗、加强能耗控制、促
进能效提升作为减排的重要手段。
DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 2097-0706. 2022. 07. 009
收稿日期:2022 -05-17;修回日期:2022 -06-28
基金项目:中国工程院咨询项目(2021-HYZD-14);中国华
能 集 团 有 限 公 司 软 科 学 研 究 计 划 重 大 项 目
(2021zd-2)