2022 年 2 月 油 气 与 新 能 源 第 34 卷 第 1 期
80
文章编号:2097-0021(2022)01-0080-07
“碳中和”背景下油气田碳捕集技术发展方向
张磊 1,张哲 1,巴玺立 1,王春燕 1,王念榕 1,陈思锭 1,桑国强 2,3
1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司规划总院;2.中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院;
3.提高石油采收率国家重点实验室
引用:张磊,张哲,巴玺立 ,等.“碳中和 ”背景下油气田碳捕集技术发展方向[J].油气与 新能源,2022,34(1):
80-86.
科技项目:“十四五”基础性前瞻性科技攻关项目《低品位储量提高采收率基础理论及核心技术研究》下属课题
2《典型低品位油藏渗流规律及提高采收率新方法研究》(2021DJ1102)
摘要:在“碳中和”“碳达峰”目标和路径下,CCUS(碳捕集、利用与封存)或 CCS(碳捕集与
封存)是实现二氧化碳减排的关键技术之一。碳捕集是 CCUS(CCS)技术全流程中成本控制和
大规模推广的关键环节。通过对油气田企业二氧化碳排放情况的分析,认为油气田企业碳源绝大
多数为低压碳源。通过对碳捕集技术现状的分析,认为对于低压中浓度碳源,可采用活化 MDEA
(甲基二乙醇胺)溶剂为主导的化学吸收法,推广瓶颈在于溶剂解吸能耗高,未来应加强新型低
能耗化学吸收溶剂的攻关和工程试验;对于低压低浓度碳源,目前尚无经济可行的成熟技术,除
加大新型低能耗化学溶剂的研发力度外,还可开展膜加变压吸附或化学吸收法组合技术研究,进
而降低碳捕集成本。
关键词:CCUS;CCS;油气田;碳捕集;二氧化碳;低压低浓度
中图分类号:TQ028,X741 文献标识码:ADOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0021.2022.01.014
Development Direction of Oil and Gas Field Carbon Capture under
“Carbon Neutral” Background
ZHANG Lei1, ZHANG Zhe1, BA Xili1, WANG Chunyan1, WANG Nianrong1,
CHEN Siding1, SANG Guoqiang2,3
1.PetroChina Planning and Engineering Institute; 2.Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development;
3.State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery
Abstract: According to the purpose and path of “carbon neutrality” and “carbon peak”, CCUS (Carbon Capture,
Utilization and Storage) or CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) remains one of the key technologies to reduce the carbon
dioxide emissions. In this regard, carbon capture serves as the significant step of cost control and large-scale promotion
in terms of the whole process of CCUS (CCS). By analyzing the carbon dioxide emissions by oil and gas field
enterprises, it is regarded that the majority of the carbon sources of oil and gas field enterprises are low pressure carbon
sources. In addition, based on the analysis of the current situation of carbon capture technology, it is believed that the
chemical absorption method could be adopted with activated MDEA (methyldiethanolamine) as the main solution. The
bottleneck for promotion lies in the high energy consumption of solvent desorption. So, it is a must to intensify the
research and project experiment concerning the new-type chemical absorption solvent with low energy consumption; as
for the low pressure and low concentration carbon sources, there exist no economical and mature technologies. Apart
from the increased efforts to conduct research and development of chemical absorption solvent with low energy
consumption, it is vital to carry out the mixed technology researches involving pressure swing adsorption or chemical
absorption so as to reduce the carbon capture cost.
Keywords: CCUS; CCS; Gas and oil field; Carbon capture; Carbon dioxide; Low pressure and low concentration