MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil1of35MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjectsGCCM003v1.0-2021MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil2of35MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil3of35CONTENTS1.BASELINEANDMONITORINGMETHODOLOGIESOFGCC...............................................................42.SOURCE/SOFTHISBASELINEANDMONITORINGMETHODOLOGY..............................................43.DESCRIPTIONOFKEYTERMS................................................................................................................54.APPLICABLEPROJECTACTIVITIESANDTHEIRELIGIBILITYCONDITIONS.................................65.SECTORALSCOPEAPPLICABLETOGCCVERIFIER.........................................................................76.PROJECTBOUNDARY...............................................................................................................................7FIGURE1:PROJECTBOUNDARY.............................................................................................87.BASELINESCENARIO..............................................................................................................................11BASELINESCENARIOFORWASTEFROMAGRO-INDUSTRY,FOODINDUSTRY,MSWANDWASTEWATERTREATMENTSLUDGE............................................................................................11BASELINESCENARIOFORMANUREMANAGEMENT.................................................................118.ADDITIONALITY.........................................................................................................................................128.1PROJECTSPECIFICADDITIONALITY............................................................................129.BASELINEEMISSIONS.............................................................................................................................12BASELINECH4EMISSIONS.....................................................................................................13BASELINECH4EMISSIONSFROMMANURETREATMENT(BEAWMS,Y):.......................................13BASELINECH4EMISSIONSFROMORGANICFRACTIONOFAGRO-INDUSTRIALWASTES,FOODINDUSTRYWASTESANDMSWMANAGEMENT(𝑩𝑬𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒐−𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒔,𝑪𝑯𝟒,𝒚):...........16BASELINECH4EMISSIONSFROMSLUDGEMANAGEMENT(𝑩𝑬𝒔𝒍,𝑪𝑯𝟒,𝒚):..............................18BASELINEEMISSIONSASSOCIATEDWITHHEATANDELECTRICITYGENERATION(𝑩𝑬𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕,𝒚.........................................................................................................................19BASELINEEMISSIONSASSOCIATEDWITHELECTRICITYGENERATION(𝑩𝑬𝑬𝑮,𝒚).....................1910.PROJECTEMISSIONS.........................................................................................................................2011.LEAKAGEEMISSIONS.........................................................................................................................2212.EMISSIONREDUCTIONS.....................................................................................................................2213.MONITORINGMETHODOLOGY.........................................................................................................2313.1PARAMETERSNOTMONITORINGDURINGTHECREDITINGPERIOD...................................2313.2PARAMETERSFORMONITORINGDURINGTHECREDITINGPERIOD...................................26MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil4of351.BaselineandmonitoringmethodologiesofGCC1.GlobalCarbonCouncil(GCC)isMENAregion’sfirstandonlyvoluntarycarbonoffsettingprogramthataimstocontributetoavisionofsustainableandlowcarboneconomyoftheregionandhelptocatalyseclimateactionsontheground.Referwww.globalcarboncouncil.comfordetails.2.GCCmethodologiesfacilitatetheprojectownersofeligiblegreenhousegas(GHG)reductionprojectstocalculateemissionreductionoftheirprojects,monitortheemissionreductionsanddeveloptheprojectsubmissioninaccordancewiththemethodologies.3.Thismethodologyforrenewableenergygenerationprojects(hereonwardsreferredas“theprojectactivity”)appliestotheprojectsthatdisplacetheelectricityandheatenergywhichwouldbeprovidedtothegridbymoreemission-intensivemixofpowersources,thanthatestablishedunderprojectactivity.2.Source/softhisbaselineandmonitoringmethodology4.ForthedevelopmentofGCCmethodologies,therequirementsofthe‘GCCProgramManual’(paragraphs43-46)and‘StandardforDevelopmentofMethodologies’areapplied.ThedeterminationofbaselinescenarioandbaselineemissionsareconsistentwithUNFCCC’sCleanDevelopmentMechanism(CDM)guideline“Guidelinefordeterminingbaselineformeasure/s”(BaselineGuideline)referredintheabovestandard.5.ThismethodologyisbasedonfollowingbaselineandmonitoringmethodologiesofCDM.•ACM0022:Alternativewastetreatmentprocesses•ACM0010:GHGemissionreductionsfrommanuremanagementsystems•AM0080:Mitigationofgreenhousegasesemissionswithtreatmentofwastewaterinaerobicwastewatertreatmentplants6.ThismethodologyalsoreferstothelatestapprovedversionsofthefollowingtoolsandguidelinesofCDM:(a)“Tooltocalculatebaseline,projectand/orleakageemissionsfromelectricityconsumption”;(b)“Tooltocalculatetheemissionfactorforanelectricitysystem”;(c)“TooltocalculateprojectorleakageCO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustion”;(d)“Assessmentofthevalidityoftheoriginal/currentbaselineandupdateofthebaselineattherenewalofthecreditingperiod”;(e)“Combinedtooltoidentifythebaselinescenarioanddemonstrateadditionality”;(f)“Projectandleakageemissionsfromanaerobicdigesters”;(g)“Tooltodeterminethebaselineefficiencyofthermalorelectricenergygenerationsystems”;(h)“Tooltodeterminethemassflowofagreenhousegasinagaseousstream”.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil5of35(i)“Tooltodetermineprojectemissionsfromflaringgasescontainingmethane”;(j)“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites”;3.Descriptionofkeyterms7.Followingdescriptionofkeytermsapplytotheprojectsusingthismethodology:a)Anaerobicdigester-Equipmentthatisusedtogeneratebiogasfromliquidorsolidwastethroughanaerobicdigestion.Thedigesteriscoveredorencapsulatedtoenablebiogascaptureforheatand/orelectricitygenerationorfeedingbiogasintoanaturalgasnetwork.b)Anaerobicdigestion-Degradationandstabilizationoforganicmaterialsbytheactionofanaerobicbacteriaintheabsenceofsupplyofair/oxygenthatresultinproductionofmethaneandcarbondioxide.Typicalorganicmaterialsthatundergoanaerobicdigestionaremunicipalsolidwaste(MSW),animalmanure,wastewater,organicindustrialeffluentandbiosolidsfromaerobicwastewatertreatmentplants.c)Anaerobiclagoon-Atreatmentsystemconsistingofadeepearthenbasinwithsufficientvolumetopermitsedimentationofsettablesolids,todigestretainedsludge,andtoanaerobicallyreducesomeofthesolubleorganicsubstrate.Anaerobiclagoonsarenotaerated,heated,ormixedandanaerobicconditionsprevailexceptpossiblyforashallowsurfacelayerinwhichexcessundigestedgreaseandscumareconcentrated.d)Biogas-Gasgeneratedfromananaerobicdigester/anaerobiclagoon.Typically,thecompositionofthegasis50to70%CH4and30to50%CO2,withtracesofH2SandNH3(1to5%)e)Organicwaste-solidwastethatcontainsdegradableorganicmatter.Thismayinclude,manure,agro-industrialandfoodindustrywaste,sludgefromwastewatertreatmentplants,andMSW.f)Municipalsolidwaste(MSW)-aheterogeneousmixofdifferentsolidwastetypes,usuallycollectedbymunicipalitiesorotherlocalauthorities.MSWincludeshouseholdwaste,garden/parkwasteandcommercial/institutionalwaste.g)Solidwastedisposalsite(SWDS)-designatedareasintendedasthefinalstorageplaceforsolidwaste.StockpilesareconsideredaSWDSif:(a)theirvolumetosurfacearearatiois1.5orlarger;andif(b)avisualinspectionbytheGCCverifiersconfirmsthatthematerialissubjectedtoanaerobicconditions(i.e.ithasalowporosityandismoist).h)Domesticorindustrialwastewatersludge-Sludge/sedimentgeneratedfrom:industrialaerobic/anerobicwastewatertreatmentsystem;and,householdwastewatertreatmentsystem.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil6of354.ApplicableProjectActivitiesandtheirEligibilityConditions8.Theprojectactivitieseligibleunderthismethodologyaimtobuildandoperateanewpowerplantthatgeneratesrenewableenergyinformofelectricityand/orheat,byimplementingcombinedheatand/orpowersystemsthatusesinputenergyfromexistingsourcesofanimalmanure,agro-industrialwastes,domesticwaste,foodindustrywastes,municipalsolidwastes(MSW),wastesandwastewatertreatmentsludgeunderanaerobicconditions.Projectmayuseonetypeorcombinationofwastetypesmentionedabove.Followingappliesforenergygenerationfromprojectactivities.a)Thebiogaswillbegeneratedfromwastetypesmentionedaboveusingdigestor,anaerobiclagoonorotherwastetreatmenttechnologiesthatdonotallowforaerobicdecompositionofwaste.b)Theprojectactivitiesinvolvepower,heatorcombinedpowerandheatgenerationusingtheenergyofbiogasgenerated.c)Generatedelectricitymaybeusedforinternalconsumptionand/orsuppliedtonationaloraregionalgrid.Projectactivitiesthatsupplyelectricityalsoforinternalconsumptionordomesticpurposesinsteadof(orinadditionto)supplytogrid,shalldemonstratethatgridconnectionwasavailableonthesitebeforetheinstallationofprojectactivity.d)Generatedheatisusedforinternalconsumptiontoreplaceheatgeneratedbyemissionintensivefuels.Theprojectactivitiesmaysell/deliverexcessenergytonearbyfacilitiesaftermeetingtheinternaldemandofheatenergy,ifany.e)Theprojectactivitiesshallnotinvolveco-firingoffossilfuelofanykind,excepttheuseofdieselgeneratorsforbreakdownpowersupply.f)Theprojectactivitiesmayconsumeelectricity(fromgridoron-sitegeneration)forsiteofficesandoperationofpowerplantunitsasinternalusage.IftheanimalmanurewasteisusedintheProjectActivity,thefollowingapplies:g)ManuremanagementoflivestockfarmsshalleitherreplaceanexistinganimalwastemanagementsystemwithnewoneorintroduceanewanimalwastemanagementsystemoracombinationofmultipleanimalwastemanagementsystemsthatresultinlessGHGemissions.h)Incaseofanaerobiclagoonstreatmentssystems,thedepthofthelagoonsusedformanuremanagementunderthebaselinescenarioshallbeatleast1m;i)Theannualaverageambienttemperatureatthesitewheretheanaerobicmanuretreatmentfacilityexists,shallbehigherthan5°C;j)Theminimumretentiontimeofmanurewasteintheanaerobictreatmentsystemshallbeonemonth;MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil7of35k)Farmsshallnotdischargemanureintonaturalwaterresources(e.g.riversorestuaries),inabsenceofprojectactivity;l)Farmsshallmanagelivestockpopulations,comprisingofcattle,buffalo,swine,sheep,goats,and/orpoultry,underconfinedconditions.IftheagriculturalandfoodindustrywastesandMunicipalSolidWaste(MSW)isusedintheprojectactivity,thefollowingapplies:m)Theseisnolaw/regulationinthecountryrequiringmandatoryflaringoflandfillgaswhereagriculturalandfoodindustrywastesandMunicipalSolidWaste(MSW)wasorwouldhavebeendisposedinabsenceoftheprojectactivity.n)Thewastewas(orwouldhavebeen)disposedinasolidwastedisposalsiteorananaerobiclagoonthatled(orwouldlead)tomethaneemissionsaslandfillgas/biogaswithoutbeingcapturedorflared.Ifthesludgefromindustrialwastewatertreatmentsystemisusedintheprojectactivity,thefollowingapplies:o)Sludgeisproducedinthebaselineaerobicwastewatertreatmentplantwhichoperatesfortreatmentofdomesticand/orindustrialwastewater.Sludgeistreatedinanewanaerobicdigester,withthebiogasextractedfromtheanaerobicdigesterbeingflaredand/orusedtogenerateelectricityand/orheat.5.SectoralScopeapplicabletoGCCverifier10.ThesectoralscopeseligibleunderGCChavebeendefinedinsection3.2of‘StandardforDevelopmentofMethodologies’.11.Onlyathird-partyverifierapprovedunderGCCforthe:•Sectoralscope1:EnergyIndustries(renewable/non-renewablesources);•Sectoralscope13:Wastehandlinganddisposal;and•Sectoralscope15:AgriculturecanconductProjectVerificationorEmissionReductionVerificationofGCCprojectthatappliesthismethodology.One,combinationoftwoorthreescopescouldbeselectedbyProjectOwnersdependingonwastetypeswhichwillbehandledwithintheprojectactivity.6.ProjectBoundary12.ThespatialextentoftheGCCprojectboundaryencompassesthesiteoftheAnaerobicSolidWasteManagementSite(s),Anaerobiclagoonforwastewater,anaerobicwasteMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil8of35managementsystems(AWMS(s)),energyand/orheatgenerationequipmentandthepower/heatsourceofbaseline.Figure1representsthevariouscomponentsoftheprojectactivity.Figure1:ProjectBoundaryTheGHGsincludedinorexcludedfromtheprojectboundaryarelistedinTable1.SourceGHGIncludedJustification/ExplanationBaselineActivityMethaneEmissionsfromthewastetreatmentanddisposalfromSWDSorLagoonCH4YesThemajorsourceofemissionsinthebaselineN2ONoExcludedforsimplification.Thisisconservative.CO2NoCO2emissionsfromthedecompositionoforganicwastearenotaccountedEmissionsfromelectricityconsumption/generationCO2YesElectricitymaybeconsumedfromthegridorgeneratedonsiteinthebaselinescenario,majorsourceCH4NoExcludedforsimplification.ThisisconservativeAgricultural&FoodindustrywasteManurefromAnimalBarns.(CattleFarms)ManurefromAnimalBarns.(PoultryFarms)Wastewatertreatmentplants(Domestic/Industrial)WasteEqualizingtankPowerPowerHeatSludgeBiogasAnaerobicDigestorEnergygenerationHeatFlareMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil9of35N2ONoExcludedforsimplification.ThisisconservativeEmissionsfromthermalenergygenerationCO2YesIfthermalenergygenerationisincludedintheprojectactivity,majorsourceCH4NoExcludedforsimplification.ThisisconservativeN2ONoExcludedforsimplification.ThisisconservativeEmissionsfromdomesticand/orindustrialsludgetreatmentCH4YesTheemissionfromsludge,ifitislefttodecayCO2NoNoemissionsN2ONoNoemissionsProjectActivityEmissionsfromthermalenergyuseCO2NoExcludedsince:(i)theCO2generatedfrombiogasisofrenewablenature;(ii)theprojectactivityshallnotconsistincineration,orgasificationofwaste;(iii)theco-firingisnotallowedinthermalenergygenerationequipment.CH4NoExcludedforsimplification.ThisemissionsourceisassumedtobeverysmallN2ONoExcludedforsimplification.ThisemissionsourceisassumedtobeverysmallEmissionsfromon-siteelectricityuseCO2YesMaybeanimportantemissionsource.Ifelectricityconsumedonsiteisgeneratedfromcollectedbiogas,theseemissionsarenotaccountedforCH4NoExcludedforsimplification.ThisemissionsourceisassumedtobeverysmallN2ONoExcludedforsimplification.ThisemissionsourceisassumedtobeverysmallEmissionsfromthewastetreatmentprocessesCH4YesTheemissionfromanaerobicdigestersCO2NoCO2emissionsfromthedecompositionoforganicwastearenotaccountedMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil10of35N2ONoExcludedforsimplificationsincetheseemissionsarealsoexcludedinbaselineemissionsEmissionsfromtransportationofwastefrompointoforigintotreatmentplant.CH4NoExcludedforsimplicityCO2YesMainemissionsourceN2ONoExcludedforsimplicity-MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil11of357.Baselinescenario13.TherationaleasperBaselineGuidelinefordeterminationofbaselineformeasure(s)isdeterminedbasedontheprojectactivity,asfollows.Projectactivitiesinvolvingthegenerationofelectricityandexporttothegrid14.Inabsenceofprojectactivity,theelectricitywouldbegeneratedbytheoperationofgrid-connectedpowerplantseitherexistingorbytheadditionofnewgenerationsourcesintothegridorbythefossilfuelsourceofelectricitygenerationthatisdirectlyreplacedbytheprojectactivity.15.Hypotheticallyitmeansthatapowerplantwithemissionfactorequivalenttogridmixwouldhavesuppliedelectricityinabsenceofnewprojectplantoraddedcapacity.Agridemissionfactorisareasonablebenchmarkthatprovidestheproxyperformanceofthebaselinepowerplant.Projectactivitiesinvolvingthegenerationofheatand/orelectricityforcaptiveconsumption16.Inabsenceofprojectactivity,theelectricityand/orheatwouldbesuppliedbytheoperationofmostattractivecourseofaction,consideringtheeconomicattractivenessand/orbarriersforimplementation.17.Consideringtheaboveguidancefordifferentprojectactivitytypes,theidentificationofthebaselinescenarioshallbedonefollowingthelatestversionofCDMtool“Combinedtooltoidentifythebaselinescenarioanddemonstrateadditionality”.Baselinescenarioforwastefromagro-industry,foodindustry,MSWandwastewatertreatmentsludgea)DisposalofthewastesinaSWDSand/orlagoonwithoutanLandfillgas(LFG)/biogascapturesystemb)DisposalofthewastesinaSWDSand/orlagoonwithapartialcaptureoftheLFG/biogasandflaringofthecapturedLFG/biogas.Baselinescenarioformanuremanagementa)Forthebaselinealternativesonmanuremanagementthecompletesetofexisting/possiblemanuremanagementsystemslistedinthe2006IPCCGuidelinesforNationalGreenhouseGasInventories(Volume4,Chapter10,Table10.17).InIdentifyingplausiblescenarios,theexclusioncriteriaaredeterminedby:•Legalconstrains(thescenariomustbeinaccordancewiththeregulatoryframeworkofthecountry);•Historicalpracticeofmanuremanagement(e.g.inthecompanyandregion);•Availabilityofwastetreatmenttechnology;MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil12of35•Considerationsofdevelopmentsformanuremanagementsystemsappropriateforthenationalconditions,includingtechnologicalinnovations.18.Thefollowingtwostepswilldefinethebaselineuncoveredanaerobiclagoon:a)Inthebaselinecase,theminimumretentiontimeofmanurewasteintheanaerobictreatmentsystemisgreaterthanonemonth.b)Incaseofanaerobiclagoonstreatmentssystems,thedepthofthelagoonsusedformanuremanagementunderthebaselinescenarioshouldbeatleast1m.19.BaselinealternativesshalltakeintoconsiderationwitheconomicorfinancialattractivenesscomparisontocomparetheeconomicattractivenesswithoutrevenuesfromACCsforallapplyingtheinvestmentanalysistheIRRshallbeusedasanindicator.Thelatestversionof“CDMMethodologicalTool27:InvestmentAnalysis”shallbeusedtoshoweconomicattractiveness.8.Additionality8.1Projectspecificadditionality20.Underproject-specificadditionalityapproach,theadditionalityofGCCprojectsshallbedeterminedbyProjectOwnerusingthelatestversionofCDMTool:“Combinedtooltoidentifythebaselinescenarioanddemonstrateadditionality”.21.Iftheprojectisonlyaboutgenerationofelectricity(andnotheatorcogeneration),theProjectOwnerdemonstratesthatthepenetrationofrenewableelectricalenergygenerationtechnologyjustifiesthattheshareofinstalledcapacityofthespecifictechnologyusedintheprojectactivityatthetimeofpreparationofprojectsubmissiontoGCCisequaltoorlessthan2%1ofthetotalinstalledcapacityofpowergenerationingrid-connectedpowerplant,theprojectisconsideredas“automaticallyadditional”.9.Baselineemissions22.BaselineemissionsincludeCO2emissionsfromelectricitygeneration,heatgenerationandCH4emissionsfromwastemanagementviaanaerobicwastemanagementsystem(AWMS)systemthataredisplacedduetotheprojectactivity.23.Baselineemissionsaredeterminedaccordingtoequation(1)andcomprisethefollowingsources:(a)Methaneemissionsfromagro-industrialwastes,domesticwaste,foodindustrywastesandMSW,intheabsenceoftheprojectactivity;1InlinewithpositivelistcriterionofpenetrationoftechnologyinCDMmethodologyACM0002:Grid-connectedelectricitygenerationfromrenewablesources.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil13of35(b)Methaneemissionsfrommanuremanagementintheabsenceofprojectactivity;(c)Methaneemissionsfromthemanagementofwastewatertreatmentsludgeintheabsenceofprojectactivity(d)Energygeneratedbythegridintheabsenceoftheprojectactivity;(e)Fossilfuelusedforheatgenerationintheabsenceoftheprojectactivity.24.Baselineemissionsare:𝐵𝐸𝑦=𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦+𝐵𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐∕ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑦Equation01Where:𝐵𝐸𝑦=Baselineemissionsinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦=BaselineCH4emissionsinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐∕ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑦=BaselineCO2emissionsfromelectricityand/orheatusedinthebaselineinyeary(tCO2e/yr)BaselineCH4emissions𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦=𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑊𝑀𝑆,𝑦+𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑠,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦+𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦Equation02Where:𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦=BaselineCH4emissionsinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑊𝑀𝑆,𝑦=BaselineCH4emissionsfromanimalwastemanagementsiteinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑠,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=BaselinemethaneemissionsoccurringinyearygeneratedfromwastedisposalataSWDSduringatimeperiodendinginyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=BaselineCH4emissionsfromsludgemanagementinyeary(tCO2e/yr)BaselineCH4emissionsfrommanuretreatment(BEAWMS,y):Themanuremanagementsysteminthebaselinecouldbebasedondifferentlivestock,treatmentsystemsandononeormorestages.Therefore:𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑊𝑀𝑆,𝑦=𝐺𝑊𝑃𝐶𝐻4×𝐷𝐶𝐻4×∑(𝑀𝐶𝐹𝑗𝑗,𝐿𝑇×𝐵𝑜,𝐿𝑇×𝑉𝑆𝐿𝑇,𝑦×𝑁𝐿𝑇×𝑀𝑆%𝐵𝐿,𝑗)Equation03Where:𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑊𝑀𝑆,𝑦=BaselineCH4emissionsfromanimalwastemanagementsiteinyeary(tCO2e/yr)MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil14of35=GlobalWarmingPotential(GWP)ofCH4(tCO2e/tCH4)=DensityofCH4(tCH4/m3CH4)=Annualmethaneconversionfactor(MCF)forthebaselineAWMS=MaximummethaneproducingpotentialofthevolatilesolidgeneratedbyanimaltypeLT(m3CH4/kg-dm)=AnnualaveragenumberofanimalsoftypeLTfortheyeary(number)=AnnualvolatilesolidexcretionsforlivestockLTenteringallAWMSonadrymatterweightbasis(kg-dm/animal/yr)=Fractionofmanurehandledinsystemjinthebaseline=Typeoflivestock=Typeoftreatmentsystem𝑉𝑆𝐿𝑇,𝑦shallbedeterminedinoneofthefollowingways,presentedintheorderofpreference:(a)Option1:Usingpublishedcountryspecificdata.Ifthedataisexpressedinkilogramvolatilesolidexcretionperdayonadry-matterbasis(kg-dmperday),multiplythevaluewith𝑛𝑑𝑦(numberofdaystreatmentplantwasoperationalinyeary)(b)Option2:ScalingdefaultIPCCvaluesVSdefaulttoadjustforasite-specificaverageanimalweightasshowninequationbelow:ScalingdefaultIPCCvaluesVSdefaulttoadjustforasite-specificaverageanimalweightasshowninequationbelow:𝑉𝑆𝐿𝑇,𝑦=(𝑤𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒/𝑤𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡)×𝑉𝑆𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡×𝑛𝑑𝑦Equation04Where:=AnnualvolatilesolidexcretionsforlivestockLTenteringallAWMSonadrymatterweightbasis(kg-dm/animal/yr)=Averageanimalweightofadefinedlivestockpopulationattheprojectsite(kg)=Defaultaverageanimalweightofadefinedpopulation(kg)=Defaultvalueforthevolatilesolidexcretionperdayonadry-matterbasisforadefinedlivestockpopulation(kg-dm/animal/day)=Numberofdaystreatmentplantwasoperationalinyeary(days/yr)MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil15of35(c)Option3:UtilizingpublishedIPCCdefaultsforVSLT,y(IPCC2006guidelines,volume4,chapter10),multiplythevaluebyndy(numberofdaysinyeary).DevelopedcountriesVSLT,yvaluesmaybeusedprovidedthefollowingconditionsaresatisfied:(i)ThegeneticsourceoftheproductionoperationslivestockoriginatesfromanAnnexIParty.(ii)Thefarmuseformulatedfeedrations(FFR)whichareoptimizedforthevariousanimal(s),stageofgrowth,category,weightgain/productivityand/orgenetics;(iii)TheuseofFFRcanbevalidated(throughon-farmrecordkeeping,feedsupplier,etc.);and(iv)TheprojectspecificanimalweightsaremoresimilartodevelopedcountryIPCCdefaultvalues.Forsubsequenttreatmentstages,thereductionofthevolatilesolidsduringatreatmentstageisestimatedbasedonreferenceddatafordifferenttreatmenttypes.Emissionsfromthenexttreatmentstagearethencalculatedfollowingtheapproachoutlinedabove,butwithvolatilesolidsadjustedforthereductionfromtheprevioustreatmentstagesbymultiplyingby(1-RVS),whereRVSistherelativereductionofvolatilesolidsfromthepreviousstage.Therelativereduction(RVS)ofvolatilesolidsdependsonthetreatmenttechnologyandshouldbeestimatedinaconservativemanner.DefaultvaluesfordifferenttreatmenttechnologiescanbefoundinAppendix1(VSdefault).AnnualaveragenumberofanimalsoftypeLT(NLT)shallbedeterminedinoneofthefollowingways,presentedinorderofpreference:Option1𝐍𝐋𝐓=𝐍𝐝𝐚,𝐋𝐓×(𝐍𝐩,𝐋𝐓/𝟑𝟔𝟓)Equation4aWhere:=AnnualaveragenumberofanimalsoftypeLTfortheyeary(number)=NumberofdaysanimaloftypeLTisaliveinthefarmintheyeary(number)=NumberofanimalsoftypeLTproducedannuallyfortheyeary(number)Option22.Iftheprojectdevelopercanmonitorinareliableandtraceablewaythedailystockofanimalsinthefarm,discountingdeadanimalsandanimalsdiscardedfromtheproductiveMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil16of35processfromthedailystock,thentheannualaveragenumberofanimals(NLT)maybecalculatedasfollows:𝑁𝐿𝑇=∑𝑁𝐴𝐴,𝐿𝑇/3653651Equation4bWhere:=AnnualaveragenumberofanimalsoftypeLTfortheyeary(number)=DailystockofanimalsoftypeLTinthefarm,discountingdeadanddiscardedanimals(number)BaselineCH4emissionsfromorganicfractionofagro-industrialwastes,foodindustrywastesandMSWmanagement(𝑩𝑬𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒐−𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒔,𝑪𝑯𝟒,𝒚):Baseline,projectandleakageemissionsofmethanefromthemanagementofagro-industrialwaste,wastefromfoodindustryandorganicwastesaredeterminedusingtheCDMmethodologicaltool“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites(Tool04version08.0)”.AtthatpointbaselineemissionsofmethanefromtheSWDSaredeterminedusingtheCDMmethodologicaltool“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites(Tool04version08.0)”.Tool04version08.0statestwooptionstocalculatebaselineemissionsas“ApplicationA”and“ApplicationB”.Aspertool,ApplicationAisonlyusedwhereProjectinvolvesanexistingSWDSforallotheravoidanceprojectsApplicationBistobeused.İnthisProjectactivityapplyingthismethodologyApplicationBwillbeused.Inthebaselinescenario,emissioncalculationsshallbecalculatedasfollows,basedonApplicationBoftheTool04“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites”.(plzrefertopoint16ofthetoolforselectionofyearlyormonthlymode),incaseofmonthlymodeofbaselineemissiondeterminationfromagroindustrialwasteequation5bofthismethodologymustbeusedinplaceofequation2oftheTool04“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites”TheamountofmethanegeneratedfromdisposalofwasteattheSWDSiscalculatedforyearyusingequation(5a)orformonthmusingequation(5b).EitherofthesetwoapproachesmaybeusedtocalculatetheamountofmethanefromdisposalofwasteattheSWDS..AlldatausedtoapplytheequationsshouldbedocumentedtransparentlyinPSForthemonitoringreports.𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑠,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=𝜑𝑦×(1−𝑓𝑦)×𝐺𝑊𝑃𝐶𝐻4×(1−𝑂𝑋)×1612×𝐹×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝑓,𝑦×𝑀𝐶𝐹𝑦×∑∑(𝑊𝑗,𝑥𝑗𝑦𝑥=1×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝑗×𝑒−𝑘𝑗∗(𝑦−𝑥)×(1−𝑒−𝑘𝑗)).Equation5aOrMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil17of35𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑚=𝜑𝑦×(1−𝑓𝑦)×𝐺𝑊𝑃𝐶𝐻4×(1−𝑂𝑋)×1612×𝐹×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝑓,𝑚×𝑀𝐶𝐹𝑦×∑∑(𝑊𝑗,𝑖𝑗𝑚𝑖=1×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝑗×𝑒−𝑘𝑗/12∗(𝑚−𝑖)×(1−𝑒−𝑘𝑗/12))Equation5bWhere,fortheyearlymodel:𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑠,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=BaselinemethaneemissionsoccurringinyearygeneratedfromwastedisposalataSWDSduringatimeperiodendinginyeary(tCO2e/yr)x=YearsinthetimeperiodinwhichwasteisdisposedattheSWDS,extendingfromthefirstyearinthetimeperiod(x=1)toyeary(x=y)y=Yearofthecreditingperiodforwhichmethaneemissionsarecalculated(yisaconsecutiveperiodof12months)=Fractionofdegradableorganiccarbon(DOC)thatdecomposesunderthespecificconditionsoccurringintheSWDSforyeary(weightfraction)=AmountofsolidwastetypejdisposedorpreventedfromdisposalintheSWDSintheyearx(tonnes)Where,forthemonthlymodel:𝐵𝐸𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑜−𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑚=BaselinemethaneemissionsoccurringinmonthmgeneratedfromwastedisposalataSWDSduringatimeperiodendinginmonthm(tCO2e/m)m=Monthofthecreditingperiodforwhichmethaneemissionsarecalculatedi=MonthsinthetimeperiodinwhichwasteisdisposedattheSWDS,extendingfromthefirstmonthinthetimeperiod(i=1)tomonthm(i=m)=Fractionofdegradableorganiccarbon(DOC)thatdecomposesunderthespecificconditionsoccurringintheSWDSformonthm(weightfraction)=Amountoforganicwastetypejdisposed/preventedfromdisposalintheSWDSinthemonthi(tonnes)Where,forboththeyearlyandmonthlymodel:=ModelcorrectionfactortoaccountformodeluncertaintiesforyearyMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil18of35=FractionofmethanecapturedattheSWDSandflared,combustedorusedinanothermannerthatpreventstheemissionsofmethanetotheatmosphereinyeary=GlobalWarmingPotentialofmethane(tCO2e/tCH4)=Oxidationfactor(reflectingtheamountofmethanefromSWDSthatisoxidizedinthesoilorothermaterialcoveringthewaste)F=FractionofmethaneintheSWDSgas(volumefraction)=Methanecorrectionfactorforyeary=Fractionofdegradableorganiccarboninthewastetypej(weightfraction)𝑘𝑗=Decayrateforthewastetypej(1/yr)j=TypeofresidualwasteortypesofwasteintheMSWTodeterminethevalueoftheparameters,thelatestversionofCDMmethodologicaltool04“Emissionsfromsolidwastedisposalsites”andrelatedguidanceinthesamedocumentshallbefollowed.BaselineCH4emissionsfromsludgemanagement(𝑩𝑬𝒔𝒍,𝑪𝑯𝟒,𝒚):CH4emissionsfromsludgemanagementshallbecalculatedbyusingthebaselineemissionscalculationpathwayexplainedinCDMMethodology“AM0080:Mitigationofgreenhousegasesemissionswithtreatmentofwastewaterinaerobicwastewatertreatmentplants”Accordingtorelatedmethodology,ifthesludgeproducedinthebaselinescenariofromthetreatmentofwastewaterintheopenlagoonssystemwouldhavebeentreatedbymeansofcontrolleddryingunderaerobicconditionsandthendisposedtoalandfillwithmethanerecoveryorwithuseinsoilapplication,methaneemissions(𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦)areconsideredtobenegligible.𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=0Ifthesludgethatisproducedinthebaselinescenariofromthetreatmentofwastewaterintheopenlagoonssystemwouldhavebeendumpedorlefttodecay(S1),correspondingmethaneemissionsarecalculatedas:𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=1612×𝐺𝑊𝑃𝐶𝐻4×𝐹×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝐹×𝑀𝐶𝐹𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝑙×𝐷𝑂𝐶𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝐿×𝑄𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝐿,𝑦Equation6.Where𝐵𝐸𝑠𝑙,𝐶𝐻4,𝑦=Methaneemissionsfromtreatmentofsludgeinthebaselinescenarioinyeary(tCO2e/year)16/12=Ratiobetweenmolarmassofmethaneandmolarmassofcarbon(tCH4/tC)GWPCH4=GlobalWarmingPotentialofmethanevalidforthecommitmentperiodMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil19of35(tCO2e/tCH4)F=Fractionofmethaneinthegas.IPCCdefaultvalueof0.5shouldbeused(fraction)DOCF=Fractionofdegradableorganiccontentdissimilatedtobiogas.TheIPCCdefaultvalueof0.5shouldbeused(fraction)𝑀𝐶𝐹𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝐿=Methaneconversionfactorforthesitewheresludgewouldhavebeendumpedorlefttodecayinthebaseline(fraction)𝐷𝑂𝐶𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝐿=Degradableorganiccontentofthesludgethatwouldhavebeenproducedinthebaselinescenarioinyeary.IPCCdefaultvaluesshouldbeused:0.05fordomesticsludge(wetbasis,consideringadefaultdrymattercontentof10%)and0.09forindustrialsludge(wetbasis,assumingdrymattercontentof35%)(fraction)𝑄𝐵𝐿,𝑆𝐿,𝑦=Quantityofsludgethatwouldhavebeenproducedandtreatedinthebaselinescenarioinyeary(t/yr)Baselineemissionsassociatedwithheatandelectricitygeneration(𝑩𝑬𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕⁄,𝒚)𝐵𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐∕ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑦=𝐵𝐸𝐸𝐺,𝑦+𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦Equation7Where:𝐵𝐸𝐸𝐺,𝑦=Baselineemissionsassociatedwithelectricitygenerationinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦=Baselineemissionsassociatedwithheatgenerationinyeary(tCO2e/yr)Baselineemissionsassociatedwithelectricitygeneration(𝑩𝑬𝑬𝑮,𝒚)Thebaselineemissionsassociatedwithelectricitygenerationinyeary(𝐵𝐸𝐸𝐺,𝑦)shallbecalculatedusingtheCDM’s“Tooltocalculatebaseline,projectand/orleakageemissionsfromelectricityconsumption”.Whenapplyingthetool:𝐵𝐸𝐸𝐺,𝑦=𝐸𝐺𝐵𝐿,𝑦×𝐸𝐹𝐶𝑜2,𝑔𝑟𝑖𝑑,𝑦Equation8Where:𝐵𝐸𝐸𝐺,𝑦=Baselineemissionsassociatedwithelectricitygenerationinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐸𝐺𝐵𝐿,𝑦=Quantityofnetelectricitysuppliedtothegridfromprojectactivityinyeary(MWh/yr)𝐸𝐹𝐶𝑜2,𝑔𝑟𝑖𝑑,𝑦=Emissionfactorofthegrid(tCO2e/MWh)MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil20of35Baselineemissionsassociatedwithheatgeneration(𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦)Thebaselineemissionsassociatedwithheatgenerationinyeary(𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦)aredeterminedbasedontheamountofbiogaswhichissenttotheheatgenerationequipmentintheprojectactivity(boilerorairheater),asfollows:𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦=∑𝐻𝐺𝑝𝑗,𝑘,𝑦𝑛𝑘=1×𝐸𝐹𝑐𝑜2,𝐵𝐿,𝐻𝐺,𝑘/𝜂𝐻𝐺,𝐵𝐿,𝑘Equation9Where:𝐵𝐸𝐻𝐺,𝑦=Baselineemissionsassociatedwithheatgenerationinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐻𝐺𝑝𝑗,𝑘,𝑦=Netquantityofheatgeneratedwithbiogasbyequipmenttypekintheprojectinyeary(TJ/yr)𝐸𝐹𝑐𝑜2,𝐵𝐿,𝐻𝐺,𝑘=CO2emissionfactorofthefossilfueltypeusedforheatgenerationbyequipmenttypekinthebaseline(tCO2/TJ)𝜂𝐻𝐺,𝐵𝐿,𝑘=Efficiencyoftheheatgenerationequipmenttypekusedinthebaseline(%)k=Heatgenerationequipment(boilerorairheaterorkiln)EfficiencyofbaselineheatgenerationequipmenttobeascertainedinlinewithlatestversionCDMTool09“Tooltodeterminethebaselineefficiencyofthermalorelectricenergygenerationsystems”.10.Projectemissions25.Projectemissionsinyearyarecalculatedforalternativewastetreatmentoptionimplementedintheprojectactivityasfollows:𝑃𝐸𝑌=𝑃𝐸𝐴𝐷,𝑌+𝑃𝐸𝐸𝐶,𝑦+𝑃𝐸𝐹𝐶,𝑌+𝑃𝐸𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛,𝑦Equation10Where:𝑃𝐸𝑌=Projectemissioninyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝑃𝐸𝐴𝐷,𝑌=Projectemissionsassociatedwiththeanaerobicdigesterinyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝑃𝐸𝐸𝐶,𝑦=Projectemissionsfromelectricityconsumption(otherthananaerobicdigestor)inyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝑃𝐸𝐹𝐶,𝑦=Projectemissionsfromfossilfuelconsumptioninyeary(tCO2e/yr)PETran,y=Projectemissionsfromwastetransportationintheyeary(tCO2e/yr)MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil21of35Projectemissionsassociatedwiththeanaerobicdigesterinyeary(PEAD,y)PEAD,yisdeterminedbyreferringtolatestversionofCDMmethodologicaltoolCDMTool14:‘Projectandleakageemissionsfromanaerobicdigesters’.Projectemissionsfromuseofelectricity(PEEC,y)andfossilfuel(PEFC,y)Projectemissionsfromelectricityandfuelconsumption(otherthananaerobicdigestor)willbecalculatedfollowingthelatestversionsofCDMTool05:‘Tooltocalculatebaseline,projectand/orleakageemissionsfromelectricityconsumption’andCDMTool03:‘TooltocalculateprojectorleakageCO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustion’.Projectemissionsfrommanure,agro-industrialwastes,foodindustrywastesandsludgetransportation(PETran,y)Projectemissionsfrommanure/agro-industrialwastetransportationfromcollectionpointstotheprojectplantshallbecalculatedasbelow.𝑃𝐸𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛,𝑦=∑𝑁𝑖,𝑗,𝑘,𝑦×𝐷𝑗𝑖,𝑗,𝑘×𝐹𝑖,𝑘×𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑘×𝐸𝐹𝑘Equation11Sameequationfor𝐿𝐸𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛,𝑦(incasetransportrelatedemissionistreatedasleakageduetoselectionofprojectboundary)Where𝑃𝐸𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛,𝑦=projectemissionsduetotransportofwastefromsourcestotheprojectplantinyeary(tCO2/yr)𝑁𝑖,𝑗,𝑘,𝑦=Numberoftrips(vehicleoftypeiwithsimilarloadingcapacity)fortransportationofwastefromsourcejusingtransportationfuelktoprojectplantinyeary(trips/yr)𝐷𝑗=Averageroundtripdistancefromsourcejtoprojectplant(Kms/trip)𝐹𝑖,𝑘=specificfuelconsumptionofvehicletypeiusingtransportationfueltypek(volume/massUnitsoffuel/km)𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑘=Netcalorificvalueoftransportationfueltypek(TJ/massorvolumeunits)𝐸𝐹𝑘=emissionfactoroftransportationfueltypek(tCO2/TJ)i=vehicletypej=sourceofwastek=typeoftransporationfuel.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil22of3511.Leakageemissions26.Leakageemissionsassociatedwithanaerobicdigestionofwaste(LEAD,y)shallbecalculatedaccordingtothelatestversionsofCDMMethodologicalTool14“Projectandleakageemissionsfromanaerobicdigesters”.ProjectownerordevelopershallfollowtheleakageemissionsprocedureoftheTool.12.Emissionreductions27.Emissionreductionsarecalculatedasfollows:𝐸𝑅𝑦=𝐵𝐸𝑦−𝑃𝐸𝑦−𝐿𝐸𝑦Equation12Where:𝐸𝑅𝑦=Emissionreductionintheyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐵𝐸𝑦=Baselineemissionsintheyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝑃𝐸𝑦=Projectemissionsintheyeary(tCO2e/yr)𝐿𝐸𝑦=Leakageemissionsintheyeary(tCO2e/yr)Further,inestimatingemissionsreductionforclaimingcertifiedemissionsreductions,ifthecalculatedCH4baselineemissionsfromanaerobiclagoonsandSWDSarehigherthanthemeasuredCH4generatedintheanaerobicdigesterintheprojectsituation(𝑄𝐶𝐻4,𝑦inthetool“Projectandleakageemissionsfromanaerobicdigesters”),thenthelattershallbeusedtocalculatetheemissionsreductionforclaimingcertifiedemissionsreductions.Therefore,theactualmethanecapturedfromananaerobicdigestershallbecomparedtothe(𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦-𝑃𝐸𝐴𝐷,𝑌inthetool“Projectandleakageemissionsfromanaerobicdigesters”)andiffoundlower,then(𝐵𝐸𝐶𝐻4,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙,𝑦-𝑃𝐸𝐴𝐷,𝑌)(whichisacomponentofBEy-PEy)isreplacedby𝑄𝐶𝐻4,𝑦.𝑄𝐶𝐻4,𝑦shallbemeasuredusingthe“Tooltodeterminethemassflowofagreenhousegasinagaseousstream”.Whenapplyingthetool,thefollowingapplies:(a)Thegaseousstreamtowhichthetoolisappliedisthebiogascollectedfromthedigesterandusedforenergygeneration;(b)CH4isthegreenhousegasiforwhichthemassflowshouldbedetermined;and(c)Theflowofthegaseousstreamshouldbemeasuredonanhourlybasisorasmallertimeinterval;andthenaccumulatedfortheyeary.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil23of35Pleasenotethatvolumetricunitsneedtobeconvertedtomassunits(tons),whenapplyingtheresultsinthistool.13.Monitoringmethodology28.AlltheassumptionsmaderelatedtomonitoringparametersshouldbeexplainedanddocumentedtransparentlyintheprojectsubmissiontoGCC.Inadditiontotheparametersbelow,alltheapplicablemonitoringparametersindicatedintheCDMToolsusedforbaseline,projectandleakageemissioncalculationsshallbemonitored.13.1ParametersnotmonitoringduringthecreditingperiodData/ParameterTable1Data/Parameter:MS%Bl,jDataunit:FractionDescription:FractionofmanurehandledinsystemjinthebaselineSourceofdata:ProjectproponentsMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:-Data/ParameterTable2Data/Parameter:GWPCH4Dataunit:tCO2e/tCH4Description:GlobalwarmingpotentialofCH4Sourceofdata:IPCCMeasurementprocedures(ifany):ShallbebasedonIPCCAR5reportAnycomment:-Data/ParameterTable3Data/Parameter:DCH4Dataunit:t/m3Description:DensityofCH4Sourceofdata:TechnicalliteratureMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:0.00067t/m3atroomtemperature20oCand1atmpressureData/ParameterTable4Data/Parameter:MCFjDataunit:-Description:MethaneconversionfactorforthebaselineAWMSjMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil24of35Sourceofdata:IPCC2006table10.17,chapter10,volume4(seeappendix3)Measurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:(a)MCFvaluesdependontheannualaveragetemperaturewheretheanaerobicmanuretreatmentfacilityinthebaselineexisted.Foraverageannualtemperaturesbelow10oCandabove5oC,alinearinterpolationshouldbeusedtoestimatetheMCFvalueatthespecifictemperatureassuminganMCFvalueof0atanannualaverageof5oC.FuturerevisionstotheIPCCGuidelinesforNationalGreenhouseGasInventoriesshouldbetakenintoaccount;(b)AconservativenessfactorshouldbeappliedbymultiplyingMCFvalues(estimatedasperabovebullet)withavalueof0.94,toaccountforthe20percentuncertaintyintheMCFvaluesasreportedbyIPCC2006Data/ParameterTable5Data/Parameter:𝐸𝐹𝑐𝑜2,𝐵𝐿,𝐻𝐺,𝑘Dataunit:tCO2/TJDescription:CO2emissionfactorofthefossilfueltypeusedforheatgenerationbyequipmenttypekintheabsenceoftheprojectactivitySourceofdata:Actualmeasuredorlocaldataistobeused.Iflocaldataisnotavailable,regionaldatashouldbeusedand,initsabsence,IPCCdefaultvaluescanbeusedfromthelatestversionofIPCCGuidelinesforNationalGreenhouseGasInventoriesMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:Ifthemeasurementresultsdiffersignificantlyfrompreviousmeasurementsorotherrelevantdatasources,conductadditionalmeasurements.Double-checkedagainstIPCCdefaults(forconsistency)ifdataislocalorregionalData/ParameterTable6Data/Parameter:WdefaultDataunit:kgDescription:DefaultaverageanimalweightofadefinedpopulationSourceofdata:IPCC2006orUS-EPA,whicheverislowerMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:-Data/ParameterTable7Data/Parameter:VSdefaultDataunit:kg-dm/animal/dayDescription:Defaultvalueforthevolatilesolidexcretionperdayonadry-matterbasisforadefinedlivestockpopulationSourceofdata:IPCC2006orUS-EPA,whicheverislowerMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:-MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil25of35Data/ParameterTable8Data/Parameter:𝐸𝐹𝑘Dataunit:tCO2/TJDescription:EmissionfactoroftransportationfuelkSourceofdata:Defaultdependingonthetypeoffuel.Measurementprocedures(ifany):NAMonitoringfrequency:Onceduringstartofcreditingperiodforeachtypeofvehicle.QA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:Data/ParameterTable9Data/Parameter:𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑘Dataunit:TJ/MassorvolumeunitsDescription:NetcalorificvalueoftransportationfueltypekSourceofdata:Defaultdependingonthetypeoffuel.Measurementprocedures(ifany):NAMonitoringfrequency:Onceduringstartofcreditingperiodforeachtypeofvehicle.QA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:Data/ParameterTable10Parameter:MCFBL,slDataunit:FractionDescription:TheaveragebaselinemethaneconversionfactorforsludgeSourceofdata:Theaveragebaselinemethaneconversionfactorforsludge(MCFBL,sl)shouldbedeterminedinaccordancewiththeguidanceprovidedinIPCC2006GuidelinesforNationalGreenhouseGasInventories.TypeofdisposalsiteMCFBL,sl,yAnaerobicmanagedsolidwastedisposalsites-Thesemusthavecontrolledplacementofwaste(i.e.wastedirectedtospecificdepositionarea,adegreeofcontrolofscavengingandadegreeofcontroloffires)andwillincludeatleastoneofthefollowing:(i)Covermaterial;(ii)Mechanicalcompacting;(iii)Levellingofthewaste.1.0Semi-anaerobicmanagedsolidwastedisposalsites-Thesemusthavecontrolledplacementofwasteandwillincludeallofthefollowingstructuresforintroducingairtowastelayer:(i)Permeablecovermaterial;(ii)Leachatedrainagesystem;(iii)Regulatingpondage;(iv)Gasventilationsystem.0.5MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil26of35Unmanagedsolidwastedisposalsite(deepand/orwithhighwatertable)-Thiscomprisesofallsolidwastedisposalsitesnotmeetingthecriteriaofmanagedsolidwastedisposalsitesandwhichhavedepthsofgreaterthanorequalto5metresand/orhighwatertableatneargroundlevel.Lattersituationcorrespondstofillinginlandwater,suchaspond,riverorwetland,bywaste.0.8Unmanagedshallowsolidwastedisposalsites-Thiscomprisesallsolidwastedisposalsitesnotmeetingthecriteriaofmanagedsolidwastedisposalsitesandwhichhavedepthsoflessthan5metres.0.4Uncategorizedsolidwastedisposalsites-OnlyiftheprojectproponentscannotcategorizetheirSWDSintoabovefourcategoriesofmanagedandunmanagedSWDS,theMCFforthiscategorycanbeused.20.4Measurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:-13.2ParametersformonitoringduringthecreditingperiodData/ParameterTable1Data/Parameter:B0,LTDataunit:m3CH4/kgdmDescription:MaximummethaneproducingpotentialofthevolatilesolidgeneratedbyanimaltypeLT2Foruncategorizedsolidwastedisposalsites,theIPCCprescribesanMCFequalto0.6.Forconservativenessreasons,thevalue0.4shouldbeusedinsteadinthismethodology.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil27of35Sourceofdata:Thisvaluevariesbyspeciesanddiet.Wheredefaultvaluesareused,theyshouldbetakenfromtables10A-4through10A-9(IPCC2006GuidelinesforNationalGreenhouseGasInventoriesvolume4,chapter10)specifictothecountrywheretheprojectisimplemented.DevelopedcountriesB0,LTvaluescanbeusedprovidedthefollowingconditionsaresatisfied:(a)ThegeneticsourceoftheproductionoperationslivestockoriginatefromanAnnexIParty;(b)Thefarmuseformulatedfeedratios(FFR)whichareoptimizedforthevariousanimal(s),stageofgrowth,category,weightgain/productivityand/orgenetics;(c)TheuseofFFRcanbevalidated(throughon-farmrecordkeeping,feedsupplier,etc.);(d)TheprojectspecificanimalweightsaremoresimilartodevelopedcountryIPCCdefaultvalues.DirectlymeasureB0,LTasper:(a)ISO11734:1995;(b)ASTME2170-01(2008);and(c)ASTMD5210-92Measurementprocedures(ifany):-Monitoringfrequency:AnnuallyQA/QCprocedures:-Anycomment:Thevalueistakenfrompublishedsources.TheparametervalueshouldbeupdatedonlatestavailablepublicdatasourceData/ParameterTable2Data/Parameter:WsiteDataunit:kgDescription:AverageanimalweightofadefinedlivestockpopulationattheprojectsiteSourceofdata:ProjectproponentsMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Monitoringfrequency:MonthlyMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil28of35QA/QCprocedures:-Anycomment:Thisparameterisusedinequation4forestimatingVSLT,yusingoption3,andinequation2(appendix2)forestimatingNEXLT,ywhenusingIPCC2006defaultvalues.Samplingprocedurescanbeusedtoestimatethisvariable,takingintoaccountthefollowingguidance:(a)Toensurerepresentativeness,eachdefinedlivestockpopulationshouldbeclassifiedintoaminimumofthreeagecategories;(b)Foreachdefinedlivestockpopulation,aminimumofonemonthlysampleperagecategoryshouldbetaken;(c)Whenestimatingbaselineemissionsandemissionsreleasedduringbaselinescenariofromlandapplicationofthetreatedmanureintheleakagesection,thelowerboundofthe95%confidenceintervalobtainedfromthesamplingmeasurementsshouldbeused;(d)Whenestimatingprojectemissionsandemissionsreleasedduringprojectactivityfromlandapplicationofthetreatedmanureintheleakagesection,theupperboundofthe95%confidenceintervalobtainedfromthesamplingmeasurementsshouldbeused.ThePSFshoulddescribethesystemofrandomsamplingtakingintoaccountstratificationofeachlivestockpopulationintoaminimumofthreeweightcategoriesasdescribedaboveData/ParameterTable3Data/Parameter:Nda,LTDataunit:NumberDescription:NumberofdaysanimaloftypeLTisaliveinthefarmintheyearySourceofdata:ProjectproponentsMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Monitoringfrequency:MonthlyQA/QCprocedures:-Anycomment:ThePSFshoulddescribethesystemonmonitoringthenumberofdaystheanimalisaliveinthefarm.Theconsistencybetweenthevalueandindirectinformation(recordsofsales,recordsoffoodpurchases)shouldbeassessed.Thisparameterisusedinoption1tocalculateNLTData/ParameterTable4Data/Parameter:Np,LTDataunit:NumberDescription:NumberofanimalsoftypeLTproducedannuallyfortheyearySourceofdata:ProjectproponentsMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Monitoringfrequency:MonthlyMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil29of35QA/QCprocedures:-Anycomment:ThePSFshoulddescribethesystemonmonitoringthenumberoflivestockproduced.Theconsistencybetweenthevalueandindirectinformation(recordsofsales,recordsoffoodpurchases)shouldbeassessed.ThisparameterisusedinOption1tocalculateNLTData/ParameterTable5Data/Parameter:NAA,LTDataunit:-Description:Dailystockofanimalsinthefarm,discountingdeadanddiscardedanimalsSourceofdata:Dailycountingofaliveanimalsinthefarm,discountingdeadanimalsandanimalsdiscardedfromtheproductiveprocessfromthedailystockMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Monitoringfrequency:DailyQA/QCprocedures:-Anycomment:ThePSFshoulddescribethesystemformonitoringstockofanimalsData/ParameterTable6Parameter:QBL,sl,yDataunit:tonnesDescription:QuantityofsludgethatwouldhavebeenproducedandtreatedinthebaselinescenariointheyearySourceofdata:Ifthebaselinescenarioisanexistingopenlagoon(W3),historicalrecordsofmonthlyquantityofsludgegeneratedperunitvolumeofwastewaterbeingtreatedintheopenlagoonshouldbecollectedforoneyearbeforetheimplementationoftheprojectactivity.Inordertoensureaconservativecomputationofbaselineemissions,thelowestamongstthemonthlyvaluesshouldbeconsideredandmultipliedbythequantityofwastewatertreatedinyearytoestimatethesludgethatwouldhavebeenproducedIfthebaselinescenarioisanewtobebuiltopenlagoon(W6),thesludgequantitygeneratedfromunitvolumeofwastewaterbeingtreatedintheopenlagoonshouldbedeterminedforthebaselinelagoonconfigurationasidentifiedfollowingtheguidanceprovidedinstep1ofthesection“Procedurefortheidentificationofthemostplausiblebaselinescenarioandassessmentofadditionality”.ThevalueshouldbethenmultipliedbythequantityofwastewatertreatedinyearytoestimatethesludgethatwouldhavebeenproducedMeasurementprocedures(ifany):-Anycomment:-Data/ParameterTable7Data/Parameter:HGPJ,k,yDataunit:TJ/yrMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil30of35Description:Quantityofheatsuppliedbytheprojectactivitydisplacingbaselineheatgenerationbyafossilfuelboilerorairheaterinyeary(TJ)Sourceofdata:SteammeterMeasurementprocedures(ifany):Incaseofsteammeter:theenthalpyofsteamandfeedwaterwillbedeterminedatmeasuredtemperatureandpressureandtheenthalpydifferencewillbemultipliedwithquantitymeasuredbysteammeter.Incaseofhotair:thetemperature,pressureandmassflowratewillbemeasuredMonitoringfrequency:MonitoreddailyQA/QCprocedures:Incaseofmonitoringofsteam,itwillbecalibratedforpressureandtemperatureofsteamatregularintervals.ThemetershallbesubjecttoregularmaintenanceandtestingtoensureaccuracyAnycomment:-MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil31of35Data/ParameterTable8Data/Parameter:𝐸𝐺𝐵𝐿,𝑦Dataunit:MWh/yrDescription:NetquantityofpowergeneratedbytheprojectinyearySourceofdata:Energymeterreadingsatprojectsite/Billofsaleofpowertothegridcountersignedbythegridauthorities.Measurementprocedures(ifany):Incaseofexport-importmeter,thenetofpowerexportedtothegrid(Export–import)willbeusedforcalculationofthenetpowerexported.Themeterswouldbeofaccuracyclassaspergovernment/regionalregulations.Monitoringfrequency:Monitoredcontinuously,recordedonamonthlybasisQA/QCprocedures:Meterswouldbecalibratedforaccuracyasperthegoveregulationsormanufacturersspec.Anycomment:Data/ParameterTable9Data/Parameter:𝐸𝐹𝑐𝑜2,𝑔𝑟𝑖𝑑,𝑦Dataunit:tCO2/MWhDescription:EmissionfactorofthegridintheyearySourceofdata:CalculatedaspertheACM0002oraspernationallyavailabledataonthegridcharacteristicsorasfirmedupinthestandardizedbaselinetools.IfnovalidStandardizedBaselinevalueforthehostcountryavailableonCDMwebsiteFollowtherequirementsoflatestversionofCDMTool07:“Tooltocalculatetheemissionfactorforanelectricitysystem”Measurementprocedures(ifany):Calculatedaspertheapprovedmethodology/nationallyavailablegridemissionfactor/standardizedbaselineMonitoringfrequency:yearlyQA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:Data/ParameterTable10Data/Parameter:𝐷𝑗Dataunit:Kms.Description:RoundtripdistancebetweentheoriginofwasteinplantjtotheprojectplantSourceofdata:Maps,records,logbooksMeasurementprocedures(ifany):Thephysicaldistancebetweenthesourceofthewasteandtheprojectplantismeasuredfrommaps,transportlogs,orreferenceliteraturesMonitoringfrequency:Eachtransferloadsandconsolidatedonmonthlybasis,forconservativeestimatesthelongestdistancecanbetakenforestimates.QA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:Data/ParameterTable11Data/Parameter:𝑁𝑖,𝑗,𝑘,𝑦Dataunit:TripsMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil32of35Description:Numberoftrips(vehicleoftypeiwithsimilarloadingcapacity)fortransportationofwastefromsourcejusingtransportationfuelktoprojectplantinyeary(trips/yr)Sourceofdata:plantlogrecords,financialrecordsMeasurementprocedures(ifany):Thenumberoftripsmadebetweenthesourceandtheprojectplantwillbeloggedbytypeofvehicleandtypeoftransportationfuelconsumed.Monitoringfrequency:Eachtransferloadsandconsolidatedonmonthlybasis.QA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:Data/ParameterTable12Data/Parameter:𝐹𝑖,𝑘Dataunit:Volumeormassunitsoffuel/kmDescription:specificfuelconsumptionofvehicletypeiusingtransportationfueltypek(volume/massUnitsoffuel/km)Sourceofdata:DefaultdependingonthetypeoftransportandfuelMeasurementprocedures(ifany):NAMonitoringfrequency:Onceduringstartofcreditingperiodforeachtypeofvehicle.QA/QCprocedures:NAAnycomment:MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil33of35Appendix1:Anaerobicunitprocessperformance.AnaerobictreatmentHRTCODTSVSTNPKDays%ReductionPullplugpits4-30-0-300-300-200-200-15Underfloorpitstorage30–180-30–4020–305-205-155-15Opentoptank30-180---25-3010-2010-20Openpond30-180---70-8050-6540-50Heateddigestoreffluentpriortostorage12-2035–7025-5040-70000Coveredfirstcellof2celllagoon30-9070–9075-9580-9025-3550-8030-50Onecelllagoon>36570–9075-9575-8560-8050-7030-502celllagoon210+90-9580–9590-9850-8085-9030-50HRT=Hydraulicretentiontime,COD=Chemicaloxygendemand,TS=Totalsolids,VS=Volatilesolids,TN=TotalNitrogen,P=Phosphorous,K=Potassium,-=datanotavailableSource:US-EPA2001:DevelopmentDocumentfortheProposedRevisionstotheNationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystemRegulationandtheEffluentGuidelinesforConcentratedAnimalFeedingOperations.MethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil34of35VersionDateCommentV1.08July2021•InitialadoptionbyGCCSteeringCommitteebasedonthefollowing:•Considerationbyindividualsteeringcommitteemember,followedbyevaluationofentireSteeringCommittee•15-dayglobalstakeholderconsultationtakenplacebetween22/06/2021to07/07/2021DOCUMENTHISTORYMethodologyforEnergyGenerationfromAnimalManureandWasteManagementProjects(GCCM003v1)GlobalCarbonCouncil35of35
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