/Thisreportisfreetouseandreproduceforyourownpublication,aslongastheyarenotforcommercialuse.Asthecopyrightholder,G:HUBdoesrequestdueacknowledgementandacopyofyourpublication.Pleasecontactauthorforcitationofthedataorfigures.Foronlinepublication,G:HUBrequestsdirectlinktotheoriginalresourceontheG:HUBwebsite.ThisreportonlyrepresentstheviewsofG:HUB.Pleasecontactusifthere’reanyquestionsorproblems.ThisreportisproducedbyG:HUB,withspecialacknowledgementtoBeijingRepresentativeOfficeoftheHeinrichBöllFoundationfortheirfundingsupport.Theauthorsinclude:JIANGXueyuanGreenovationHubSeniorProgramOfficerXUJiayiGreenovationHubProgramsDirectorZHUYuanGreenovationHubConsultantWewouldliketoacknowledgecontributionsfromSHENGXuemin,ConsultantofGreenovationHub,andJIWanyi,ProgramOfficeratGreenovationHub.Inaddition,wewouldliketoexpresssincereappreciationtoYANGHaitao,ProgramOfficeratGreenovationHub,andLIMinghui,CommunicationOfficeratGreenovationHub,fortheireffortsonreportpublicationandcommunication.SpecialthankstoJIANGXueandXIELiangfortheirsupportonreportgraphicdesignandcopyediting.Thereportbenefittedconsiderablyfromreviewsby:GUANJingForeignEnvironmentalCooperationCenter,MinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentSeniorProgramManagerJINTongWorldBankChinaOfficeEnvironmentalSpecialistSHENXiaoliInstituteofBotany,TheChineseAcademyofSciencesResearcherWANGQianGlobalEnvironmentalInstituteSeniorProgramOfficerYAOYueNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilConservationProjectManagerZHANGYanInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureHeadofChinaOfficeGreenovationHub(GHub)isanindependentenvironmentalthinktankwithaglobaloutlook,registeredwiththeBeijingMunicipalCivilAffairsBureau.GHubadvancesthepolicydevelopmentanddialoguesincutting-edgeareasofsustainabledevelopment,seeksinnovativesolutionstoqualitygrowth,climateresilienceandcarbonneutralityinChinaandbeyond,contributingtoanet-zeroandnature-positivefuture.2.1|ProtectedAreasandOtherEffectiveArea-basedConservationMeasures................................................................................................192.2|SynergiesbetweenClimateChangeandBiodiversity........302.3|AccessandBenefit-SharingofGeneticResourcesandAssociatedTraditionalKnowledge.........................................................352.4|MainstreamingBiodiversityValues...........................................422.5|FinanceandMechanisms..........................................................................49|References…………………………………………………………………………………81iExecutiveSummaryDevelopingaNationalBiodiversityStrategyandActionPlan(hereinafterreferredtoasNBSAPorNBSAPs)isanimportantimplementationmechanismundertheUnitedNationsConventiononBiologicalDiversity(hereinafterreferredtoasCBD).Itaimstourgecommittedpartiestointegratebiodiversityconservation,sustainableuse,andfairandequitablesharingofthebenefitsarisingoutoftheutilisationofgeneticresourcesintobroadernationaldevelopmentstrategies,andtomainstreambiodiversityacrossallsectors,aswellaseconomicsystemsanddecision-makingframeworks.TheKunming-MontrealGlobalBiodiversityFramework(hereinafterreferredtoasKMGBF),adoptedatthe15thConferenceofthePartiestotheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(hereinafterreferredtoasCBDCOP15),setsoutanewblueprintforglobalbiodiversitygovernanceto2030.CBDCOP15alsomandatesallpartiestoreviseorupdatetheirNBSAPsinalignmentwiththeKM...