energyEUinfiguresSTATISTICALPOCKETBOOK2023EnergyManuscriptcompletedinSeptember2023ThisdocumentshouldnotbeconsideredasrepresentativeoftheEuropeanCommission’sofficialposition.Luxembourg:PublicationsOfficeoftheEuropeanUnion,2023©EuropeanUnion,2023TheCommission’sreusepolicyisimplementedbyCommissionDecision2011/833/EUof12December2011onthereuseofCommissiondocuments(OJL330,14.12.2011,p.39–https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/2011/833/oj).Unlessotherwisenoted,thereuseofthisdocumentisauthorisedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0International(CC-BY4.0)licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Thismeansthatreuseisallowedprovidedappropriatecreditisgivenandanychangesareindicated.ForanyuseorreproductionofelementsthatarenotownedbytheEuropeanUnion,permissionmayneedtobesoughtdirectlyfromtherespectiverightholders.PrintISBN978-92-68-01165-2ISSN1977-4559doi:10.2833/184659MJ-AB-23-001-EN-CPDFISBN978-92-68-01166-9ISSN2363-247Xdoi:10.2833/502436MJ-AB-23-001-EN-NEUENERGYINFIGURES2023IntroductionTheenergysectorisoneofthepillarsofgrowth,competitivenessanddevelop-mentformoderneconomies.TokeepupwiththeongoingtransformationoftheenergysectorinEurope,weneeddatathatisaccurateandup-to-date.Thispublicationprovidesanoverviewofthemostrelevantannualenergy-relatedstatisticsfortheEuropeanUnionasawholeandforeachofitsMemberStates.Thedatacontainedinthispocketbookisdrawnfromseveralsources:EurostatandotherEuropeanCommission’sservices,theEuropeanEnvironmentAgency,theInternationalEnergyAgency.Thepublicationcomprisesfiveparts:Part1.OverviewofmaindataonWorldandEuropeanUnionenergyPart2.MainenergystatisticsandindicatorsfortheEuropeanUnionanditsMemberStatesPart3.Socio-economicindicatorsintheEuropeanUnionPart4.GreenhousegasemissionsintheEuropeanUnionPart5.Countryprofiles–mainstatisticsandindicatorsfortheEuropeanUnionanditsMemberStatesTheindicatorsarecalculatedusingthemethodologyestablishedbytheEu-ropeanCommission–DGEnergyandalignedtoEurostatandinternationalstatisticsapproaches.Theappendicesincludeaglossaryandmethodologicalnotes.Thispublicationcomprisesthemostrecentlyavailabledataatthetimeofrelease.Correctionsandupdateswillbereleasedperiodicallyintheenergystatisticaldatasheetsat:https://energy.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis/eu-energy-statistical-pocket-book-and-country-datasheets_enRecommendedsourcesofdata:EuropeanCommissionwebsites:DGEnergyPocketbookandenergystatisticaldatasheets:https://energy.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis/eu-energy-statistical-pocket-book-and-country-datasheets_enEnergydata&analysis:https://energy.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis_enEurostatEurostatDatabase:http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/databaseDGEconomicandFinancialAffairsAMECO:https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/economic-research-and-da-tabases/economic-databases/macro-economic-database-ameco_enDGClimateActionClimatestrategies,targetsandprogressreports:https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/climate-strategies-targets_enWebsitesofotherEUbodiesandinternationalorganisations:EuropeanEnvironmentAgencyDataandmaps:http://www.eea.europa.eu/InternationalEnergyAgencyStatisticsandbalances:http://www.iea.org/statistics/Pleasesendyourcommentsonthispublicationandsuggestionsforimprove-menttoENER-A4-STATISTICS@ec.europa.eu,withtheword‘Pocketbook’inthesubjectline.1Statisticalpocketbook2023SummaryPART1Overview1.1EnergyintheWorld(Overview)�������������������������������������������101.1.1WorldEnergyProductionbyRegion�����������������������������������101.1.2WorldEnergyProductionbyFuel��������������������������������������111.1.3WorldTotalEnergySupplybyRegion���������������������������������121.1.4WorldTotalEnergySupplybyFuel������������������������������������131.1.5WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyRegion����������������������������141.1.6WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyFuel�������������������������������151.1.7WorldElectricityGenerationbyFuel����������������������������������161.1.8WorldHeatGenerationbyFuel�����������������������������������������171.1.9WorldCO2EmissionsbyRegion����������������������������������������181.1.10WorldCO2IntensitybyRegion������������������������������������������191.2EnergyintheEU(Overview)������������������������������������������������201.2.1EnergyFlow-2000������������������������������������������������������201.2.2EnergyFlow-2021������������������������������������������������������211.2.3GrossInlandConsumption����������������������������������������������221.2.4EnergyImportDependency���������������������������������������������241.2.5EnergyImportDependency-NetImports���������������������������251.2.6ImportsbyCountryofOrigin�������������������������������������������261.3EUTargets�������������������������������������������������������������������������271.3.1RenewableEnergyTargets����������������������������������������������271.3.1RenewableEnergyShares����������������������������������������������291.3.2Energyefficiencytargets�����������������������������������������������301.3.2Energyefficiencytargets�����������������������������������������������311.3.3Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsMilestonesandTargets��������32PART2EnergyintheEU2.1EnergySupply�����������������������������������������372.1.1Production�����������������������������������������������������������������372.1.2NetImports���������������������������������������������������������������402.1.3GrossAvailableEnergy��������������������������������������������������432.1.4GrossInlandConsumption���������������������������������������������442.1.5TotalEnergySupply�����������������������������������������������������482.2Imports�����������������������������������������������492.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuels���������������������������������������������492.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProducts�������������������������������542EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.3Imports–NaturalGas���������������������������������������������������592.2.4Imports–Electricity�����������������������������������������������������632.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOrigin�������������������������������������������672.3EnergyImportDependency�������������������������������712.3.1ImportDependency–AllFuels���������������������������������������712.3.2ImportDependencybyFuel��������������������������������������������722.3.3ImportDependency–SolidFuels������������������������������������732.3.4ImportDependency–HardCoal��������������������������������������742.3.5ImportDependency–OilandPetroleumProducts����������������752.3.6ImportDependency–CrudeandNGL�������������������������������762.3.7ImportDependency–NaturalGas�����������������������������������772.4EnergyTransformation���������������������������������782.4.1TransformationInput–AllFuels���������������������������������������782.4.2TransformationInputbyFuel�������������������������������������������792.4.3TransformationInputbySector���������������������������������������802.4.4TransformationOutput–AllFuels�������������������������������������812.4.5TransformationOutputbyFuel����������������������������������������822.4.6TransformationOutputbySector��������������������������������������832.5FinalEnergy�������������������������������������������842.5.1AvailableforFinalConsumption��������������������������������������842.5.2FinalNon-EnergyConsumption����������������������������������������852.5.3FinalEnergyConsumption���������������������������������������������862.6Electricity���������������������������������������������902.6.1InstalledElectricityCapacity������������������������������������������902.6.2GrossElectricityGeneration��������������������������������������������932.6.3MarketShareoftheLargestElectricityProducer������������������982.7SolarandwindEnergy����������������������������������992.7.1SolarandwindEnergy–CumulativeCapacity���������������������992.7.2WindCumulativeInstalledCapacity��������������������������������1012.7.3WindGrossElectricityProduction�����������������������������������1032.7.4WindPenetrationLevel������������������������������������������������1042.7.5WindCapacityFactor��������������������������������������������������1052.7.6SolarCollectors′Surface����������������������������������������������1062.7.7SolarInstalledCapacity�����������������������������������������������1072.7.8SolarGrossElectricityProduction�����������������������������������1082.7.9SolarPenetrationLevel������������������������������������������������1093Statisticalpocketbook20232.8CHP��������������������������������������������������1102.8.1CHPElectricity����������������������������������������������������������1102.8.2CHPHeat�����������������������������������������������������������������1112.8.3CHPElectricityandHeat����������������������������������������������1122.9Heat�������������������������������������������������1132.9.1GrossHeatGeneration�������������������������������������������������1132.10Transport���������������������������������������������1162.10.1FuelsFinalConsumption����������������������������������������������1162.10.2Biofuels������������������������������������������������������������������1172.11EnergyEfficiency�������������������������������������1192.11.1PrimaryEnergyConsumption2020-2030������������������������1192.11.2FinalEnergyConsumption2020-2030����������������������������1202.11.3EnergyIntensity��������������������������������������������������������1212.11.4EnergyConsumptionperCapita�������������������������������������1222.11.5FinalElectricityConsumptionperCapita���������������������������1232.11.6PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030�����������������������������1242.11.7GreenhouseGas(GHG)IntensityofEnergy������������������������1252.12RenewableEnergy(RES)Indicators���������������������1262.12.1RenewableEnergy(RES)Shares�������������������������������������1262.13EnergyPricesandTaxes�������������������������������1292.13.1PricesofTransportFuels����������������������������������������������1292.13.2FuelPrices–DomesticConsumers���������������������������������1322.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumers���������������������������������1342.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumers���������������������������������135PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.1ClassificationoftheEnergySector������������������������������������1403.1.1ComparativeTableEurostat(NACE)andUN(ISIC)Classifications���1403.2EnterprisesintheEnergySector���������������������������������������1413.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySector�����������������������1413.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySector����������������������������������������1453.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEmployedintheenergysector�1493.3Economy��������������������������������������������������������������������������1533.3.1-GDPatCurrentMarketPrices�������������������������������������������1534EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.3.2-GDPperCapitaatCurrentMarketPrices������������������������������1543.3.3-GDPat2015MarketPrices����������������������������������������������1553.3.4-GDPperCapitaat2015MarketPrices��������������������������������1563.4Demography��������������������������������������������������������������������1573.4.1-Population������������������������������������������������������������������1573.5Employment��������������������������������������������������������������������1583.5.1-TotalPersonsEmployed��������������������������������������������������1583.5.2-EmploymentRate���������������������������������������������������������1593.5.3-UneploymentRate��������������������������������������������������������160PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1GasesEmissions��������������������������������������������������������������1644.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)Emissions������������������������������������1644.1.2CO2Emissions�����������������������������������������������������������1694.2MainEmissionsIndicators�������������������������������������������������1744.2.1GrenhouseGasEmissionsperCapita�������������������������������1744.2.2GreenhouseGastoGDPIntensity�����������������������������������175PART5CountryProfiles5.1EuropeanUnion-27countries(from2020)����������������������1805.2Belgium���������������������������������������������������������������������������1825.3Bulgaria��������������������������������������������������������������������������1845.4Czechia���������������������������������������������������������������������������1865.5Denmark�������������������������������������������������������������������������1885.6Germany�������������������������������������������������������������������������1905.7Estonia����������������������������������������������������������������������������1925.8Ireland����������������������������������������������������������������������������1945.9Greece����������������������������������������������������������������������������1965.10Spain�������������������������������������������������������������������������������1985.11France����������������������������������������������������������������������������2005.12Croatia����������������������������������������������������������������������������2025.13Italy�������������������������������������������������������������������������������2045.14Cyprus����������������������������������������������������������������������������2065Statisticalpocketbook20235.15Latvia�����������������������������������������������������������������������������2085.16Lithuania�������������������������������������������������������������������������2105.17Luxembourg���������������������������������������������������������������������2125.18Hungary���������������������������������������������������������������������������2145.19Malta�������������������������������������������������������������������������������2165.20TheNetherlands��������������������������������������������������������������2185.21Austria����������������������������������������������������������������������������2205.22Poland����������������������������������������������������������������������������2225.23Portugal��������������������������������������������������������������������������2245.24Romania��������������������������������������������������������������������������2265.25Slovenia��������������������������������������������������������������������������2285.26Slovakia��������������������������������������������������������������������������2305.27Finland����������������������������������������������������������������������������2325.28Sweden���������������������������������������������������������������������������234AppendicesAppendices–Methodology���������������������������������������������������������240Appendix1-CountryNomenclature��������������������������������������������240Appendix2-MainEnergyFlowsinEurostatEnergyBalances-EN��������241Appendix3-MainEnergyProductsinEurostatEnergyBalances-EN����242Appendix4-SymbolsandAbbreviations��������������������������������������244Appendix5-ConversionFactors������������������������������������������������245Appendix6-Averagecalorificvalues�����������������������������������������246AppendixGlossary���������������������������������������������������������������������247Appendix7-Glossary�������������������������������������������������������������247AppendixNotes�������������������������������������������������������������������������258Appendix8-Notes�����������������������������������������������������������������258Notes����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������26361Overview1OverviewEUENERGYINFIGURES2023Summary1.1EnergyintheWorld(Overview)���������������������������������������������������101.1.1WorldEnergyProductionbyRegion�����������������������������������101.1.2WorldEnergyProductionbyFuel��������������������������������������111.1.3WorldTotalEnergySupplybyRegion���������������������������������121.1.4WorldTotalEnergySupplybyFuel������������������������������������131.1.5WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyRegion����������������������������141.1.6WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyFuel�������������������������������151.1.7WorldElectricityGenerationbyFuel����������������������������������161.1.8WorldHeatGenerationbyFuel�����������������������������������������171.1.9WorldCO2EmissionsbyRegion����������������������������������������181.1.10WorldCO2IntensitybyRegion������������������������������������������191.2EnergyintheEU(Overview)������������������������������������������������201.2.1EnergyFlow-2000������������������������������������������������������201.2.2EnergyFlow-2021������������������������������������������������������211.2.3GrossInlandConsumption����������������������������������������������221.2.4EnergyImportDependency���������������������������������������������241.2.5EnergyImportDependency-NetImports���������������������������251.2.6ImportsbyCountryofOrigin�������������������������������������������261.3EUTargets�������������������������������������������������������������������������271.3.1RenewableEnergyTargets����������������������������������������������271.3.1RenewableEnergyShares����������������������������������������������291.3.2Energyefficiencytargets�����������������������������������������������301.3.2Energyefficiencytargets�����������������������������������������������311.3.3Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsMilestonesandTargets��������329PART1Overview1.1EnergyintheWorld(Overview)1.1.1WorldEnergyProductionbyRegionMtoeEU27_2020200020102015201920202021679697654610564588China112422352504272027982983UnitedStates166617232019230621572214MiddleEast132816321896197818821911Asia258634513767406038783975RussianFederation12801334153014301530Africa97811611104117710761119RestoftheWorld881World762601450373405354100041278113728147541418914673TOTAL2021=14673Mtoe2.4%4.0%EU27_20207.6%20.3%China10.4%UnitedStatesMiddleEast27.1%15.1%Asia13.0%RussianFederationAfricaRestoftheWorldWorldEnergyProductionbyRegion(Mtoe)450040003500300025002000150010005000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021nonOECDandOECDAsia,excludingChinaSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices10EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.1.2WorldEnergyProductionbyFuelMtoePetroleumandProducts200020102015201920202021SolidFuelsGas371141044433455042324284Renewables227936693872400638294007Nuclear206027102974344233533495Other125715441738197820282105Total675719670728698732223441504950100041278113728147541418914673TOTAL2021=14673Mtoe5.0%0.3%PetroleumandProducts14.3%29.2%SolidFuelsGas23.8%RenewablesNuclear27.3%OtherMtoe5000450040003500300025002000150010005000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices11PART1Overview1.1.3WorldTotalEnergySupplybyRegionMtoeEU27_2020200020102015201920202021147115271409140713101388China114725503013340335143751UnitedStates227322162184221220352139Asia229331583463380936853845RussianFederationAfrica619693692773761833MiddleEast495685773838818853Worldbunkers363626738798787806RestoftheWorld274359381425298315World10901036937880795831100261285013591145441400414759TOTAL2021=14759Mtoe2.1%9.4%5.6%EU27_2020China5.5%UnitedStatesAsia5.8%RussianFederationAfrica5.6%25.4%MiddleEastWorldbunkers26.0%14.5%RestoftheWorldWorldTotalEnergySupplybyRegion(Mtoe)450040003500300025002000150010005000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021nonOECDandOECDAsia,excludingChinaInternationalaviationandinternationalnavigationSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices12EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.1.4WorldTotalEnergySupplybyFuelMtoePetroleumandProducts200020102015201920202021SolidFuelsGas368441554362455141294352Renewables231836623846387037624016206827342926335633223487Hydro125815471744198720412119GeothermalSolar/Wind/Other225296335364374369BiofuelsandWaste526277101107111Nuclear848222250291Other127134813581397Total99411731244728698732675719346705151522343145441400414759100261285013591TOTAL2021=14759Mtoe5.0%0.4%PetroleumandProducts14.4%29.5%SolidFuelsGas23.6%RenewablesNuclearOther27.2%Mtoe5000450040003500300025002000150010005000PartialdisaggregationoftheRenewablesgroup.Wastealsoincludesnon-RESwastesSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices13199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021PART1Overview1.1.5WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyRegionMtoeEU27_20202000201020152019202020211027107099310179631023China79116521979212921882324UnitedStates154615131508158514581540Asia158421482376258925172605AfricaRussianFederation366495561599589614MiddleEast418447453521509545Worldbunkers249436512548537553RestoftheWorld274359381425298315World75871064661253956370128829941010026959810082TOTAL2021=10082Mtoe3.1%5.6%EU27_20205.5%10.1%China5.4%23.1%UnitedStates6.1%AsiaAfrica25.8%15.3%RussianFederationMiddleEastWorldbunkersRestoftheWorldWorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyRegion(Mtoe)300025002000150010005000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021nonOECDandOECDAsia,excludingChinaInternationalaviationandinternationalnavigationSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices14EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.1.6WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyFuelMtoePetroleumandProducts200020102015201920202021SolidFuelsGas313036213855409337073926Renewables54210611095939918913Electricity13441420Heat11201016164016121710Other8789821741107010741094Total15381963196320771087272248275113063093477915151594107012882910026959810082TOTAL2021=10082Mtoe3.4%0.2%PetroleumandProducts20.6%SolidFuelsGas38.9%RenewablesElectricity10.9%HeatOther17.0%9.1%WorldTotalFinalConsumptionbyFuel(Mtoe)450040003500300025002000150010005000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices15PART1Overview1.1.7WorldElectricityGenerationbyFuelTWhSolidFuels200020102015201920202021PetroleumandProductsGas5995867495429954947110252Renewables1184963102472466572327725553Hydro282748565510634463446556Solar/Wind/Other261142003893703574937948BiofuelsandWaste34471123423743464293Geothermal54217324722935Nuclear163408507Other36281651685735Total5292959625916825702756982790267628085412310911415423892429721538269692675928402TOTAL2021=28402TWh0.4%SolidFuels9.9%36.1%PetroleumandProducts28.0%GasRenewables23.1%NuclearOther2.5%TWh120001000080006000400020000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021PartialdisaggregationoftheRenewablesgroup.Wastealsoincludesnon-RESwastesSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices16EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.1.8WorldHeatGenerationbyFuelPJGas200020102015201920202021SolidFuelsPetroleumandProducts624067765895628462376812Renewables4332536757746852703980231160Geothermal845593508546565Solar/Wind/Other298586728879879968BiofuelsandWaste18Nuclear163142514950Other363394457458500Total4177789521171120613161927262625262086577669339391011122571425913781154821566517406TOTAL2021=17406PJ3.2%0.2%Gas5.8%SolidFuels5.6%PetroleumandProductsRenewables39.1%NuclearOther46.1%PJ9000800070006000500040003000200010000PartialdisaggregationoftheRenewablesgroup.Wastealsoincludesnon-RESwastesSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices17199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021PART1Overview1.1.9WorldCO2EmissionsbyRegionMTCO2EU27_2020200020102015201920202021326931382827265523982579China31387872917899921008810683UnitedStates573053524929474542584549Asia505071488138884484558832MiddleEast14781716179017451798RussianFederation88215291533164015601678Africa147410231171124711441218Worldbunkers112911991319932985RestoftheWorld661194716881516228264World8593061632378323492204308073258723266TOTAL2021=32587MtCO23%1%EU27_20205%4%8%ChinaUnitedStates5%AsiaMiddleEast33%RussianFederationAfrica27%WorldbunkersRestoftheWorld14%WorldCO2EmissionsbyRegion(MtCO2)120001000080006000400020000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021nonOECDandOECDAsia,excludingChinaInternationalaviationandinternationalnavigationSource:IEA,May2023,estimatesofworldCO2emissionsfromfuelcombustionMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices18EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.1.10WorldCO2IntensitybyRegionKGCO2PERTOEEU27_2020200020102015201920202021222220552007188718301859Worldbunkers313431483147310131323133China273530873046293628712848MiddleEast243123632326224422172231Asia220222632350232222952297UnitedStates252124152256214520922127RussianFederation238022062215212320492013Africa133614931514148913981428RestoftheWorld2022187818001723World232123832382222428631822002208WORLDAVERAGE2021=2208KgCO2pertoe3500300025002000150010005000EU27_2020MiddleEastRussianFederationWorldbunkersAsiaAfricaChinaUnitedStatesRestoftheWorldWorldKgCO2pertoe120001000080006000400020000199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021CO2EmissionsfromFuelCombustionperUnitofTotalEnergySupplynonOECDandOECDAsia,excludingChinaandMiddleEastInternationalaviationandinternationalnavigationSource:IEAstatistics,August2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices19PART1Overview1.2EnergyintheEU(Overview)1.2.1EnergyFlow-2000source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices20EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.2.2EnergyFlow-2021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices21PART1Overview1.2.3GrossInlandConsumptionENERGYMIX(%)–PRIMARYPRODUCTSONLYTOTALPRIMARYPRODUCTS2000:1497.4Mtoe(TotalPrimaryandsecondaryproducts2000:1498.2Mtoe)0.4%0.4%OilandpetroleumProducts14.8%38.7%Naturalgas6.4%Solidfossilfuels18.6%RenewablesandbiofuelsNuclearWaste,non-renewableOthers20.6%TOTALPRIMARYPRODUCTS2021:1423.4Mtoe(TotalPrimaryandsecondaryproducts2021:1421.6Mtoe)1.0%0.3%Oilandpetroleumproducts13.1%32.4%Naturalgas17.7%SolidfossilfuelsRenewablesandbiofuels11.5%NuclearWaste,non-renewableOthers24.0%Others=manufacturedgases,peatandpeatproducts,oilshaleandoilsandssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices22EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.2.3GrossInlandConsumptionENERGYMIX–2021(%)EU27_2020-20%0%20%40%60%80%100%OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgasSolidfossilfuelsOthersWaste,non-renewableNuclearRenewablesandbiofuelsBEBGCZDKDEEEIEELESFRHRITCYLVLTLUHUMTNLATPLPTROSISKFISEPrimaryProductsOnlyOthers=manufacturedgases,peatandpeatproducts,oilshaleandoilsandssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices23PART1Overview1.2.4EnergyImportDependency2020202159.1%57.1%TotalBYFUEL–(%)200020102015201957.8%57.4%57.6%62.3%Solidfossilfuels29.8%38.2%41.0%43.3%35.8%37.5%ofwhichHardCoal43.2%57.7%63.0%67.9%57.4%59.7%99.8%102.1%104.7%105.0%105.3%99.7%Oilandpetroleumproducts92.5%94.4%95.9%96.6%96.1%95.1%ofwhichCrudeandNGL65.7%67.8%74.5%89.7%83.6%83.5%NaturalGasBYFUEL2000-2021(%)120%100%200080%2010201520192020202160%40%20%0%TotalSolidfossilHardcoalOilandCrudeoilNaturalGaspetroleumandNGLfuelsproductssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices24EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.2.5EnergyImportDependency-NetImports2021ENERGYIMPORTDEPENDENCY(%)NETIMPORTS(Mtoe)-20%0%20%40%60%80%100%050100150200BEBEBGBGCZCZDKDKDEDEEEEEIEIEELELESESFRFRHRHRITITCYCYLVLVLTLTLULUHUHUMTMTNLNLATATPLPLPTPTROROSISISKSKFIFISESEsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices25PART1Overview1.2.6ImportsbyCountryofOriginEU27_2020IMPORTSOFNATURALGAS-2021Totalextra-EU=13486870.4TJ-GCV(349.1bnm3)RussianFederation44.0%NorwayEgypt16.3%12.5%Notspecified7.4%Aruba(NL)5.7%Qatar4.4%Senegal3.3%Bahrain2.5%Otherextra-EU4.1%EU27_2020IMPORTSOFCRUDEOILANDNGL-2021Totalextra-EU=447795.4ktonRussianFederation25.3%Norway9.9%Aruba(NL)8.4%Kyrgyzstan8.0%8.0%Morocco7.2%Iraq6.6%5.3%SenegalSaudiArabiaotherextra-EU21.3%EU27_2020importsofhardcoal-2021TotalExtra-EU=94173.3ktonRussianFederation52.5%Australia17.2%Aruba(NL)15.4%Ecuador6.6%UnitedStates2.8%Benin2.6%1.3%Kyrgyzstan0.9%UgandaOthernon-EU0.7%suppliersFromnon-EUsuppliersandasashareoftotalnon-EUimportssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices26EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.3EUTargets1.3.1RenewableEnergyTargets2021Renewableenergyshares%REtransportEU27_20202021REelectricity2021REHeatingandcooling2021OverallREShare2021Indicative2017-20182020REtarget2030RETarget9.1%37.6%22.9%21.8%n.a.20%32%BE10.3%26.0%9.2%13.0%9.2%13.0%BG7.6%18.8%25.6%17.0%13.7%16.0%CZ7.5%14.5%24.2%17.7%10.6%13.0%DK10.5%62.6%41.5%34.7%25.5%30.0%DE8.0%43.7%15.4%19.2%13.7%18.0%EE11.2%29.3%61.3%38.0%22.6%25.0%IE4.3%36.4%5.2%12.5%11.5%16.0%EL4.3%35.9%31.1%21.9%14.1%18.0%ES9.2%46.0%17.4%20.7%16.0%20.0%FR8.2%25.0%24.2%19.3%18.6%23.0%HR7.0%53.5%38.0%31.3%17.4%20.0%IT10.0%36.0%19.7%19.0%12.9%17.0%CY7.2%14.8%41.3%18.4%9.5%13.0%LV6.4%51.4%57.4%42.1%37.4%40.0%LT6.5%21.3%48.6%28.2%20.2%23.0%LU8.0%14.2%12.9%11.7%7.5%11.0%HU6.2%13.7%17.9%14.1%10.0%13.0%MT10.6%9.7%31.4%12.2%6.5%10.0%NL9.0%33.4%7.8%13.0%9.9%14.0%AT9.4%76.2%35.5%36.4%30.3%34.0%PL5.7%17.2%21.0%15.6%12.3%15.0%PT8.6%58.4%42.7%34.0%27.3%31.0%RO7.7%42.5%24.5%23.6%21.8%24.0%SI10.6%35.0%35.2%25.0%21.9%25.0%SK8.8%22.4%19.5%17.4%11.4%14.0%FI20.7%39.5%52.6%43.1%34.7%38.0%SE30.4%75.7%68.6%62.6%45.8%49.0%in%oftheGrossFinalEnergyConsumptionsource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices27PART1Overview1.3.1RenewableEnergyTargetsRENEWABLEENERGYSHARESANDTARGETS(%)0%10%20%30%40%50%60%EU27_2020OverallREShare2021BEIndicative2017-2018BG2020REtargetCZ2030RETargetDKDEEEIEELESFRHRITCYLVLTLUHUMTNLATPLPTROSISKFISEinGrossFinalEnergyConsumptionsource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices28EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.3.1RenewableEnergySharesRESSHARESINHEATINGANDCOOLING,ELECTRICITY,ANDTRANSPORT2021(%)0%20%40%60%80%EU27_2020REtransport2021BEREelectricity2021REHeatingandcooling2021BGCZDKDEEEIEELESFRHRITCYLVLTLUHUMTNLATPLPTROSISKFISEinGrossFinalEnergyConsumptionsource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices29PART1Overview1.3.2EnergyefficiencytargetsPRIMARYENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030MILE-STONESANDTARGETS(Mtoe)EU27_2020201020152019202020212020MILE-20301457.61352.71354.11235.81311.1STONETARGET&TARGET11281312BE53.445.748.443.948.8BG17.418.018.217.218.6CZ42.539.439.737.639.6DK19.916.816.915.516.4DE315.2295.9285.2262.2268.7EE5.84.84.84.34.5IE14.714.014.713.513.9EL27.223.422.319.220.3ES123.0118.2120.6105.0112.1FR254.5244.3235.1208.0224.8HR8.98.08.27.88.3IT167.3149.1145.9132.3145.3CY2.72.32.52.22.3LV4.64.34.64.34.5LT6.25.86.36.26.6LU4.64.14.53.94.2HU24.623.324.623.924.9MT0.90.80.90.70.8NL71.764.063.658.560.8AT32.931.732.329.831.6PL96.690.1100.296.9104.0PT22.721.622.119.519.5RO32.930.732.130.933.1SI7.06.36.56.16.3SK16.715.216.015.216.4FI35.431.232.129.931.5SE48.343.845.841.343.5EU27_2020:PRIMARYENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030(Mtoe)EU27_202016002020milestone15002030target140013002020milestone12002030target110010002000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021milestoneforEU27_2020,basedonthetargetforEU28source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices30EUENERGYINFIGURES20231.3.2EnergyefficiencytargetsFINALENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030MILESTONESANDTARGETS(Mtoe)201020152019202020212020MILE-2030EU27_20201024.5957.9986.0906.3968.4STONE&TARGETTARGET846959BE38.236.035.833.235.9BG8.89.59.99.510.2CZ25.324.225.324.526.2DK15.514.214.313.113.8DE223.0212.7214.7202.3209.9EE2.92.82.92.82.8IE11.911.312.411.211.4EL19.116.616.214.415.2ES89.680.586.573.880.3FR154.0148.0145.1129.7143.6HR7.26.66.96.57.0IT128.5116.2115.4102.7113.3CY1.91.71.91.61.7LV4.13.84.13.94.1LT4.84.95.65.35.7LU4.34.04.43.84.1HU17.517.418.618.019.1MT0.50.60.70.50.6NL55.648.649.445.046.9AT28.027.528.326.127.8PL66.362.373.771.175.2PT18.116.017.115.015.7RO22.521.823.923.525.4SI5.14.74.94.44.7SK11.510.111.210.411.6FI26.224.225.523.424.9SE34.031.831.630.531.7EU27_2020:FINALENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030(Mtoe)EU27_202011002020Milestone10502030Target10002020milestone9509008502030target8002000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021milestoneforEU27_2020,basedonthetargetforEU28source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices31PART1Overview1.3.3Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsMilestonesandTargetsGHGEMISSIONSMILESTONESANDTARGETSINDEX100=1990EU27_2020199020002015202020212020GHG203010092.279.768.372.0MILESTONEGHGTARGET&TARGET6080BE100103.182.874.477.5BG10057.961.248.654.6CZ10075.964.756.659.3DK100101.571.459.861.6DE10083.972.958.961.6EE10043.444.928.431.6IE100126.1113.3106.2111.8EL100121.392.872.175.2ES100134.3119.195.3101.6FR10099.1102.494.690.2HR10080.978.175.377.4IT100108.086.673.980.4CY100144.7143.8139.7145.9LV10039.142.240.641.8LT10040.442.141.942.2LU10099.9108.9102.5101.0HU10079.765.766.367.6MT100101.0116.8116.4116.8NL100101.190.675.477.0AT100103.0101.493.898.5PL10083.181.178.584.6PT100138.5117.097.895.8RO10055.345.743.544.8SI100100.090.184.985.6SK10066.455.650.555.9FI10098.778.967.467.4SE10096.576.664.767.0EU27_2020:GHGEMISSIONS(index100=1990)1990-2021EU27_20201102020Milestone1002030Target90802020milestone70602030target504019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021milestoneforEU27_2020,basedonthetargetforEU28Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023source:EurostatApril2023322EnergyintheEU2EnergyintheEUEUENERGYINFIGURES2023Summary2.1EnergySupply��������������������������������������������������������������������372.1.1Production�����������������������������������������������������������������372.1.2NetImports���������������������������������������������������������������402.1.3GrossAvailableEnergy��������������������������������������������������432.1.4GrossInlandConsumption���������������������������������������������442.1.5TotalEnergySupply�����������������������������������������������������482.2Imports�����������������������������������������������������������������������������492.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuels���������������������������������������������492.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProducts�������������������������������542.2.3Imports–NaturalGas���������������������������������������������������592.2.4Imports–Electricity�����������������������������������������������������632.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOrigin�������������������������������������������672.3EnergyImportDependency�������������������������������������������������712.3.1ImportDependency–AllFuels�����������������������������������������712.3.2ImportDependencybyFuel��������������������������������������������722.3.3ImportDependency–SolidFuels��������������������������������������732.3.4ImportDependency–HardCoal���������������������������������������742.3.5ImportDependency–OilandPetroleumProducts�����������������752.3.6ImportDependency–CrudeandNGL��������������������������������762.3.7ImportDependency–NaturalGas������������������������������������772.4EnergyTransformation�������������������������������������������������������782.4.1TransformationInput–AllFuels���������������������������������������782.4.2TransformationInputbyFuel�������������������������������������������792.4.3TransformationInputbySector���������������������������������������802.4.4TransformationOutput–AllFuels�������������������������������������812.4.5TransformationOutputbyFuel����������������������������������������822.4.6TransformationOutputbySector��������������������������������������832.5FinalEnergy�����������������������������������������������������������������������842.5.1AvailableforFinalConsumption��������������������������������������842.5.2FinalNon-EnergyConsumption����������������������������������������852.5.3FinalEnergyConsumption���������������������������������������������862.6Electricity��������������������������������������������������������������������������902.6.1InstalledElectricityCapacity������������������������������������������902.6.2GrossElectricityGeneration��������������������������������������������932.6.3MarketShareoftheLargestElectricityProducer������������������9835PART2EnergyintheEU2.7SolarandwindEnergy��������������������������������������������������������992.7.1SolarandwindEnergy–CumulativeCapacity���������������������992.7.2WindCumulativeInstalledCapacity��������������������������������1012.7.3WindGrossElectricityProduction�����������������������������������1032.7.4WindPenetrationLevel������������������������������������������������1042.7.5WindCapacityFactor��������������������������������������������������1052.7.6SolarCollectors′Surface����������������������������������������������1062.7.7SolarInstalledCapacity�����������������������������������������������1072.7.8SolarGrossElectricityProduction�����������������������������������1082.7.9SolarPenetrationLevel������������������������������������������������1092.8CHP���������������������������������������������������������������������������������1102.8.1CHPElectricity����������������������������������������������������������1102.8.2CHPHeat�����������������������������������������������������������������1112.8.3CHPElectricityandHeat����������������������������������������������1122.9Heat��������������������������������������������������������������������������������1132.9.1GrossHeatGeneration�������������������������������������������������1132.10Transport�������������������������������������������������������������������������1162.10.1FuelsFinalConsumption����������������������������������������������1162.10.2Biofuels������������������������������������������������������������������1172.11EnergyEfficiency�������������������������������������������������������������1192.11.1PrimaryEnergyConsumption2020-2030�������������������������1192.11.2FinalEnergyConsumption2020-2030����������������������������1202.11.3EnergyIntensity��������������������������������������������������������1212.11.4EnergyConsumptionperCapita�������������������������������������1222.11.5FinalElectricityConsumptionperCapita���������������������������1232.11.6PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030�����������������������������1242.11.7GreenhouseGas(GHG)IntensityofEnergy������������������������1252.12RenewableEnergy(RES)Indicators������������������������������������1262.12.1RenewableEnergy(RES)Shares�������������������������������������1262.13EnergyPricesandTaxes���������������������������������������������������1292.13.1PricesofTransportFuels����������������������������������������������1292.13.2FuelPrices–DomesticConsumers���������������������������������1322.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumers���������������������������������1342.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumers���������������������������������13536EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1EnergySupply2.1.1ProductionALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020675.9695.4657.2617.6573.0597.6Index2000100%103%97%91%85%88%BE13.4015.0310.3015.1813.3317.3711.6910.8312.13BG9.8610.4512.0326.6023.5124.3812.49CZ30.8131.8628.55105.289.539.5797.90102.96DK27.8223.3616.165.094.164.394.41DE135.24131.67120.556.373.553.0334.674.955.19EE3.385.054.89134.1335.4236.273.90122.61130.81IE2.161.831.9636.913.733.960.2137.4836.68EL10.049.498.532.830.220.242.042.712.71ES31.3234.5534.120.242.032.2410.790.310.31FR129.12136.74140.800.0410.5910.6533.100.040.04HR4.265.174.4112.4227.4926.6262.1412.4112.56IT28.1732.9436.106.5557.9860.1124.536.806.95CY0.040.090.133.3822.3622.976.943.523.28LV1.411.982.3418.956.756.9537.0218.0519.50LT3.491.561.8634.4735.70LU0.060.120.15HU11.6111.7111.10MT0.000.000.02NL58.4571.1248.22AT9.8012.1212.23PL78.6366.8367.76PT3.855.805.91RO28.5327.3726.37SI3.203.693.32SK6.286.016.39FI14.9117.0817.21SE30.0131.7635.82PRODUCTION–ALLFUELS–1990-2021EU27_2020800700600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Primaryproduction.recycledandrecoveredproductssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices37PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.1ProductionBYFUEL2021MtoeNuclearEU27_2020SolidfossilfuelsShare(%)RenewablesandbiofuelsBENaturalgasBGOilandCZpetroleumDKproductsDEWastes,EENon-RenewableIEPeat,oilshaleELandoilsandsESFR186.791.0244.038.020.113.92.9HR31.2%15.2%40.8%6.4%3.4%2.3%0.5%ITCY12.220.004.170.000.000.660.00LV4.294.702.960.030.000.070.01LT7.6410.485.620.170.090.370.00LU0.000.004.601.263.320.380.00HU27.5446.593.872.984.220.00MT17.770.001.940.000.000.032.43NL0.000.001.501.260.000.140.13AT0.001.443.680.000.060.010.00PL0.000.0020.990.030.010.520.00PT0.0029.390.020.811.730.00RO14.730.002.650.620.630.050.00SI98.860.0027.702.615.231.140.00SK0.000.230.000.000.010.00FI0.000.002.700.000.000.010.00SE0.000.001.870.000.030.090.000.000.000.270.000.000.040.000.000.773.431.181.090.140.000.000.000.040.000.000.000.000.000.007.9615.521.150.800.004.030.0010.740.570.570.680.000.0042.0412.803.340.910.980.000.890.006.790.000.000.160.000.003.016.127.433.230.320.000.000.721.150.000.000.050.000.000.272.350.050.010.220.002.870.0013.180.000.000.320.241.350.0022.530.000.000.770.064.055.6112.34Primaryproduction.recycledandrecoveredproductssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices38EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1.1ProductionBYFUEL–EU27_2020–1990-2021(Mtoe)35030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021NuclearRenewablesandbiofuelsOilandpetroleumproductsSolidfossilfuelsNaturalgasWastes,non-renewablePeat,OilShaleandOilSandsPRODUCTIONEU27_2020IN2021(%TOTAL)Total=597.6Mtoe2.3%3.4%0.5%Nuclear6.4%31.3%Solidfossilfuels40.9%15.3%RenewablesandbiofuelsNaturalgasOilandpetroleumproductsWastes,non-renewablePeat,oilshaleandoilsandsPrimaryproduction.recycledandrecoveredproductssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices39PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.2NetImportsALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020865.96895.42834.50908.01792.35812.11Index2000100%103%105%96%92%94%BE50.6353.6449.8850.077.2145.1245.58BG8.687.236.846.797.0017.52CZ9.3711.5413.496.9715.6317.112.367.445.64DK-7.47-3.41207.54199.140.24182.25188.75DE204.85204.590.570.500.0710.389.90EE1.640.9012.7919.3211.1418.38100.5617.9717.22IE12.4113.3094.85120.3580.2387.01120.2399.64107.30EL21.7521.304.954.15122.494.464.75ES99.86106.68121.42105.80114.852.69FR132.66132.382.472.172.382.382.376.012.081.84HR4.104.435.484.325.855.964.0118.623.663.91IT152.44148.4813.583.0814.8014.822.2356.352.872.66CY2.582.9643.7024.9057.0550.0720.3748.1118.9017.74LV2.362.2228.6718.3644.1644.4618.4910.0714.4214.86LT4.305.715.333.609.1010.863.2411.882.953.22LU3.644.519.7814.869.269.3615.8015.5614.0012.91HU13.8715.1414.6915.1410.63MT1.472.36NL34.9928.28AT19.1721.88PL9.6032.14PT22.2118.69RO8.047.49SI3.403.58SK11.5411.41FI18.5518.08SE19.2919.91NETIMPORTS–ALLFUELS–1990-2021EU27_202012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices40EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1.2NetImportsBYFUEL2021MtoeNetImportsEU27_2020SolidfossilfuelsShare(%)OilandpetroleumBEproductsBGNaturalgasCZRenewablesDKandbiofuelsDEElectricityEEIE812.161.0459.0283.96.90.6EL100%7.5%56.5%35.0%0.9%0.1%ESFR45.582.4027.6815.220.96-0.68HR7.000.554.532.73-0.05-0.75IT1.819.187.18-0.11-0.95CY17.110.121.990.542.520.42LV5.6425.76-0.16-1.60LT-0.0194.7669.99-0.670.23LU188.750.970.100.420.140.14HU0.070.166.783.110.150.32MT3.275.42-0.840.07NL11.146.2211.171.38-3.86AT17.220.4254.9729.54-0.150.34PL87.015.3767.9835.582.163.68PT107.300.040.070.00RO0.022.331.81-0.930.15SI4.750.1545.1258.52-0.020.78SK114.850.040.140.49FI0.532.250.00-0.191.10SE2.380.001.590.960.020.041.845.643.151.890.230.025.962.542.570.67-0.050.653.91-1.667.036.250.330.0814.820.012.270.33-0.150.412.660.9433.9210.170.260.1950.070.1010.653.940.11-0.0217.742.4930.4815.23-0.030.0744.461.519.604.970.531.5314.861.567.192.271.31-2.2010.862.270.773.223.673.149.367.222.1312.918.591.1610.63source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices41PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.2NetImportsBYFUEL–EU27_2020–1990-2021(Mtoe)700600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SolidfossilfuelsNaturalgasElectricityOilandpetroleumproductsRenewablesandbiofuelsHeatWaste,Non-RenewableBYFUEL–EU27_2020–20210.1%0.9%Total=793Mtoe7.5%Solidfossilfuels35.0%OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas56.5%RenewablesandbiofuelsElectricityHeatWaste,non-renewablesource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices42EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1.3GrossAvailableEnergyALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201,538.541,605.671,488.481,501.311,379.011,462.41Index2000100%104%97%98%90%95%BE64.7868.2859.5064.2857.8264.37BG18.7018.0118.7718.9217.9219.38CZ41.2945.4742.0542.9440.3242.77DK20.7921.0218.0318.0116.5117.33DE344.63341.02320.52309.51286.21297.29EE4.816.145.145.104.794.91IE14.5215.2014.4015.1313.9114.47EL31.5031.0625.8726.0722.0823.32ES130.04138.54130.40134.02118.17125.93FR258.73272.00261.77253.11224.41242.90HR8.499.488.518.818.328.72IT176.19179.82157.63158.09144.03156.18CY2.612.952.542.902.562.66LV3.874.884.634.944.574.79LT7.447.227.268.007.818.14LU3.664.644.184.553.974.23HU25.2326.5925.2026.7126.1427.38MT1.472.392.293.162.952.74NL91.43100.0189.1887.5683.8785.77AT29.2434.8533.7434.7832.3534.14PL89.50101.8296.06106.35103.28109.94PT26.0524.8424.2324.8622.0922.20RO36.7635.0231.9233.2432.2634.33SI6.567.276.566.916.466.63SK17.7317.7116.2617.0216.4517.79FI33.4437.0032.9634.5532.4334.00SE49.0752.4248.8751.7947.3450.09GROSSAVAILABLEENERGY–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)18001600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices43PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.4GrossInlandConsumptionALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201,498.161,558.971,448.171,458.201,340.011,421.64Index2000100%104%97%97%89%95%BE59.4460.6953.6856.0951.4456.79BG18.6317.9218.6818.8417.8419.30CZ41.2945.4742.0542.9440.3242.77DK19.5020.3317.2617.2715.9516.86DE342.43338.25318.09308.15284.88295.88EE4.715.924.854.924.504.61IE14.3715.0614.2414.9913.7514.30EL27.9028.3524.0923.5520.4521.51ES124.02130.12122.91126.83111.79118.61FR255.91269.71260.04251.41223.44241.83HR8.479.478.508.798.308.69IT174.54176.84155.73155.43141.60153.66CY2.422.762.302.632.282.41LV3.864.634.384.654.364.58LT7.357.087.187.807.637.95LU3.664.644.184.553.974.23HU25.2326.5925.2026.7126.1427.38MT0.810.940.760.900.760.80NL78.2786.1576.5076.1471.9974.35AT29.2234.8333.7234.7632.3434.12PL89.22101.6095.87106.07102.98109.60PT25.3824.3823.5923.9121.4021.54RO36.7635.0131.8733.2132.2234.30SI6.567.256.506.726.346.54SK17.7317.7116.2617.0216.4517.79FI32.7636.7932.6634.2132.1233.72SE47.7150.4647.0449.7244.7647.52GROSSINLANDCONSUMPTION–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-202118001600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices44EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1.4GrossInlandConsumptionBYFUEL2020MtoeOilandEU27_2020petroleumShare-%productsNaturalgasSolidfossilfuelsRenewablesandbiofuelsNuclearWaste,non-renewableElectricityOthers460.4340.2162.6251.5186.714.50.64.132.4%23.9%11.4%17.7%13.1%1.0%0.0%0.3%BE21.315.22.65.112.20.7-0.70.00.1-0.80.0BG4.62.85.32.94.30.4-1.00.00.40.40.0CZ9.57.812.95.57.64.2-1.60.00.00.22.7DK6.01.91.07.10.00.10.10.30.00.30.0DE97.878.153.246.417.80.50.10.01.7-3.90.0EE-0.10.40.01.30.00.00.30.01.13.70.0IE6.74.40.91.60.00.00.00.00.00.20.0EL10.25.41.73.80.00.10.80.00.00.50.0ES50.329.43.120.514.70.21.10.00.00.00.0FR68.837.08.530.898.90.90.00.00.70.60.0HR3.02.40.42.50.01.00.10.00.20.40.0IT51.062.45.529.90.00.30.20.00.10.00.0CY2.00.00.00.30.00.20.10.00.31.50.9LV1.51.00.01.90.01.0-2.20.1LT2.91.90.21.90.0LU2.60.70.00.40.0HU8.19.31.43.24.0MT0.40.30.00.10.0NL28.530.15.78.00.9AT11.87.72.510.70.0PL31.318.245.913.10.0PT9.15.00.26.60.0RO10.59.94.06.42.9SI2.20.80.91.31.4SK3.74.62.82.34.1FI7.32.12.113.75.6SE9.51.11.724.112.3Others=manufacturedgases,peatandpeatproducts,oilshaleandoilsandssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices45PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.4GrossInlandConsumptionRENEWABLESANDBIOFUELS2021MtoeRenewablesEU27_2020andbiofuelsShare(%)HydroWindSolarphotovoltaicSolarthermalTide,WaveandOceanBiofuelsandrenewablewasteGeothermalAmbientheat(heatpumps)251.529.933.313.64.60.0148.26.815.1100.0%11.9%13.2%5.4%1.8%0.0%58.9%2.7%6.0%BE5.120.041.030.480.030.003.350.000.19BG2.920.410.120.130.030.002.060.040.13CZ5.500.210.050.200.020.004.760.000.27DK7.060.001.380.110.070.005.090.000.41DE46.431.699.864.240.730.0027.970.401.54EE1.320.000.060.030.000.001.220.000.00IE1.640.060.840.010.010.000.650.000.06EL3.840.510.900.450.300.001.230.000.44ES20.512.555.341.882.370.007.300.001.07FR30.795.133.171.350.200.0416.740.463.70HR2.510.610.180.010.020.001.630.050.02IT29.883.901.802.150.250.0014.035.252.50CY0.300.000.020.040.080.000.110.000.05LV1.900.230.010.000.000.001.660.000.00LT1.870.030.120.020.000.001.640.000.06LU0.410.010.030.020.000.000.350.000.01HU3.240.020.060.330.020.002.640.160.03MT0.060.000.000.020.010.000.010.000.02NL7.960.011.550.990.030.004.850.150.39AT10.703.330.580.240.180.005.900.040.44PL13.080.201.400.340.090.0010.660.030.37PT6.641.021.140.190.110.003.260.160.75RO6.401.500.570.150.000.004.160.030.00SI1.260.410.000.040.010.000.730.010.06SK2.330.370.000.060.010.001.820.010.07FI13.711.360.730.030.000.0010.870.000.72SE24.096.352.340.130.010.0013.480.001.77source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices46EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.1.4GrossInlandConsumption700BYFUEL–EU27_2020–1990-2021(Mtoe)600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021OilandpetroleumproductsRenewablesandbiofuelsElectricityNaturalgasNuclearOthersSolidfossilfuelsWaste,non-renewableGROSSINLANDCONSUMPTION–BYFUEL–EU27_2020–2021(%TOTAL)Total=1421.6Mtoe0.3%0.0%1.0%Oilandpetroleumproducts13.1%32.4%Naturalgas17.7%SolidfossilfuelsRenewablesandbiofuels11.4%23.9%NuclearWaste,non-renewableOthersElectricityOthers=manufacturedgases,peatandpeatproducts,oilshaleandoilsandssource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices47PART2EnergyintheEU2.1.5TotalEnergySupplyALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201469.581526.851413.601416.411321.971400.15Index2000100%104%96%96%90%95%BE57.9359.3152.2354.3850.2455.28BG18.5517.7518.5018.6117.7019.13CZ41.1345.1541.7642.5240.2142.64DK18.7119.5216.3816.2315.6216.43DE335.81330.30310.08298.40280.33289.87EE4.695.894.804.854.474.56IE13.7714.3213.4013.8813.3613.86EL27.0627.6623.2622.4220.0920.81ES121.24127.00118.95121.94110.21116.76FR250.70264.20254.32245.20220.78239.14HR8.409.378.398.598.258.60IT171.71173.68152.56151.46140.10152.17CY2.142.482.052.322.192.25LV3.844.514.274.494.304.50LT7.337.037.107.687.587.89LU3.344.213.723.953.423.60HU24.9926.3625.0326.4326.0427.26MT0.680.840.640.740.700.72NL74.9782.7472.7072.1769.7871.92AT28.6734.1733.0233.8032.0233.72PL88.94101.1095.22105.00102.52109.03PT24.7123.5122.5422.4520.8820.88RO36.6334.8431.6333.0532.1734.21SI6.547.236.476.706.336.53SK17.7017.6716.2216.9816.4217.77FI32.4236.2532.0233.3731.8433.44SE46.9949.7546.2848.8344.4147.17TOTALENERGYSUPPLY–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)18001600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices48EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2Imports2.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuelsTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020110.2114.0113.086.962.975.2Index2000100%103%103%79%57%68%BE8.434.393.373.192.572.470.410.55BG2.381.750.760.402.783.490.660.46CZ1.042.362.842.9021.0927.450.000.00DK3.862.681.601.370.250.970.190.16DE22.2232.5937.4828.182.953.705.116.22EE0.070.050.000.030.380.424.955.56IE1.700.971.520.260.010.040.020.02EL0.810.400.160.200.120.150.040.04ES13.357.8510.955.530.920.870.000.00FR13.3812.259.197.303.975.682.442.58HR0.480.700.620.457.747.530.010.01IT13.2314.0012.586.590.770.960.180.10CY0.030.010.000.022.022.531.801.62LV0.060.110.040.051.501.58LT0.080.190.150.18LU0.110.070.050.04HU1.211.411.111.07MT0.000.000.000.00NL8.137.7610.796.62AT3.073.372.852.82PL1.028.275.0610.07PT3.971.633.211.52RO1.921.221.051.08SI0.250.280.200.21SK3.473.222.822.60FI3.563.992.592.25SE2.362.461.981.95IMPORTS–SOLIDFOSSILFUELS–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)14012010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices49PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuelsHARDCOALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_202099.3104.1105.179.857.167.9Index2000100%105%106%80%58%68%BE7.464.092.852.582.122.030.360.51BG2.251.700.700.362.322.940.650.45CZ0.631.411.962.4119.9325.790.000.00DK3.822.671.591.360.240.960.190.16DE17.3929.3335.3526.802.373.184.755.18EE0.060.050.000.030.360.404.665.12IE1.680.951.500.250.010.040.020.02EL0.810.400.160.200.110.140.040.03ES13.257.7110.734.990.860.810.000.00FR12.3311.308.796.833.925.611.841.92HR0.440.640.580.427.577.350.000.00IT12.8713.8111.926.190.080.080.010.00CY0.030.010.000.021.722.311.581.45LV0.050.110.040.051.411.47LT0.010.110.140.17LU0.100.060.040.04HU0.881.280.970.97MT0.000.000.000.00NL7.747.5210.736.55AT2.322.452.112.13PL1.018.164.919.86PT3.971.633.201.52RO1.650.140.080.10SI0.010.020.010.01SK3.152.572.532.25FI3.213.682.282.03SE2.142.291.921.64IMPORTS–HARDCOAL–1990-2021(Mtoe)EU27_202014012010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices50EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuelsRANKINGMtoeand%20002021Top10RankingMSImportsEU27_2020MSImportsEU27_2020ShareShareSolidfossilfuels1DE22.220.2%DE27.436.5%2FR13.412.1%PL7.510.0%3ES13.312.1%FR6.28.3%4IT13.212.0%NL5.77.6%5BE8.47.7%IT5.67.4%6NL8.17.4%ES3.74.9%7PT4.03.6%CZ3.54.6%8DK3.93.5%AT2.63.4%9FI3.63.2%SK2.53.4%10SK3.53.1%BE2.53.3%Top5Total70.664.1%52.469.8%TotalEU27_2020110.2100.0%75.2100.0%OfWhich:hardcoal1DE17.417.5%DE25.838.0%2ES13.313.4%PL7.410.8%3IT12.913.0%NL5.68.3%4FR12.312.4%FR5.27.6%5NL7.77.8%IT5.17.5%6BE7.57.5%ES3.24.7%7PT4.04.0%CZ2.94.3%8DK3.83.9%SK2.33.4%9FI3.23.2%BE2.03.0%10SK3.13.2%AT1.92.8%Top5Total63.664.1%49.172.2%TotalEU27_202099.3100.0%67.9100.0%source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices51PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuelsBYMEMBERSTATE–TOP14IMPORTERS1990-2021DE1990PL200020102015FR201920202021NLITESCZATSKBEFISEIERO010203040source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices52EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.1Imports–SolidFossilFuelsBYMEMBERSTATE–LEAST13IMPORTERS1990-2021HUBG19902000DK20102015201920202021HRELLTSILUCYLVPTEEMT02468source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices53PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProductsTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020799.0838.6857.5856.0755.0780.8Index2000100%105%107%107%95%98%BE52.9156.7659.8863.1453.8158.49BG6.107.768.999.327.206.54CZ8.5810.6111.1711.8610.5211.41DK9.939.4713.9712.3611.7110.00DE148.18130.79130.77130.16119.35120.03EE0.911.151.681.832.192.01IE9.639.219.289.018.138.41EL23.4326.6130.9332.2530.9632.32ES78.7180.8884.2188.7775.1577.86FR112.87106.38103.2095.3077.6080.70HR4.214.974.544.854.454.60IT109.7396.8980.7380.5965.7371.98CY2.542.932.462.602.272.28LV1.351.942.762.332.021.94LT5.4610.2511.1710.819.029.33LU2.392.862.622.972.402.57HU7.008.539.3310.439.539.83MT1.472.382.673.072.712.37NL104.61146.70156.29149.13132.57143.65AT12.4513.9614.0315.1613.6913.54PL21.7829.2232.5336.1633.4934.53PT17.6215.4018.1016.4614.7114.66RO6.368.179.6212.0710.7211.24SI2.693.294.094.954.063.89SK5.566.857.577.027.307.17FI15.6516.3116.5318.1017.2313.79SE26.8328.3428.4325.2626.5225.62IMPORTS–OILANDPETROLEUMPRODUCTS–TOTAL–1990-2021(Mtoe)EU27_20201000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices54EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProductsCRUDEOILANDNGLMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020560.3528.3526.5518.8452.4457.3Index2000100%94%94%93%81%82%BE34.1633.4832.4434.6427.7229.08BG5.315.526.177.104.944.22CZ5.677.837.227.856.276.94DK3.812.794.285.174.795.32DE104.7594.6992.6687.3083.9882.53EE0.000.000.000.000.000.00IE3.013.113.722.612.973.03EL19.2219.9721.9122.6522.5923.22ES58.0753.0065.3966.9955.4256.75FR85.4565.4859.2049.5833.8434.59HR3.963.602.372.051.981.80IT83.6478.6062.4663.1450.3657.02CY1.170.000.000.000.000.00LV0.000.000.000.000.000.00LT4.929.208.719.677.928.09LU0.000.000.000.000.000.00HU5.795.846.356.106.096.00MT0.000.000.000.000.000.00NL61.0661.0560.2963.7957.3358.44AT7.436.908.238.727.737.68PL18.2723.0326.8927.0225.2823.98PT11.7311.4814.3611.4811.029.63RO4.815.826.598.667.076.82SI0.120.000.000.000.000.00SK5.285.485.925.165.675.48FI11.8611.4411.1212.7011.608.58SE20.8320.0020.2516.4717.8018.08IMPORTS–CRUDEOILANDNGL–1990-2021(Mtoe)EU27_2020700600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices55PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProductsRANKINGMtoeand%20002021Top10RankingMSImportsEU2S7h_a2re020MSImportsEU2S7h_a2re020Oilandpetroleumproducts1DE148.218.5%NL143.718.4%112.9120.015.4%2FR109.714.1%DE10.3%104.680.710.0%3IT13.7%FR77.978.772.09.2%4NL52.913.1%ES58.57.5%26.834.54.4%5ES23.49.9%IT32.34.1%21.825.63.3%6BE17.66.6%BE14.71.9%7SE3.4%PL8EL2.9%EL9PL2.7%SE10PT2.2%PTTop5Total554.169.4%494.263.3%TotalEU27_2020799.0100.0%780.8100.0%OfWhich:crudeoilandNGL1DE104.818.7%DE82.518.0%2FR85.415.2%NL58.412.8%3IT83.614.9%IT57.012.5%4NL61.110.9%ES56.812.4%5ES58.110.4%FR34.67.6%6BE34.26.1%BE29.16.4%7SE20.83.7%PL24.05.2%8EL19.23.4%EL23.25.1%9PL18.33.3%SE18.14.0%10FI11.92.1%PT9.62.1%Top5Total393.070.1%289.363.3%TotalEU27_2020560.3100.0%457.3100.0%source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices56EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProductsBYMEMBERSTATE–TOP14IMPORTERS1990-2021(Mtoe)NL1990DE200020102015FR201920202021ESITBEPLELSEPTFIATCZRO050100150200source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices57PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.2Imports–OilandPetroleumProductsBYMEMBERSTATE–LEAST13IMPORTERS1990-2020(Mtoe)DKHULT199020002010IE201520192020SK2021BGHRSILUMTCYEELV05101520source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices58EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.3Imports–NaturalGasTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020240.41316.04299.30333.86299.81310.91Index2000100%131%124%139%125%129%BE13.2819.6115.3319.2817.9517.762.432.73BG2.742.132.522.466.267.182.212.07CZ7.486.986.167.8666.4769.99DK0.000.140.591.000.370.422.903.11DE61.0978.8085.9275.674.995.43EE0.660.560.390.4028.2532.1640.3240.38IE2.484.483.622.421.781.91EL1.693.232.674.4654.3859.78ES15.4731.9628.1832.370.000.000.910.96FR36.4642.1137.5047.372.382.000.620.67HR0.910.870.871.666.636.250.310.33IT47.0561.7250.1858.2026.1522.275.373.94CY0.000.000.000.0014.4715.335.174.97LV1.110.901.081.101.732.870.730.77LT2.062.482.142.303.604.272.122.13LU0.671.200.770.681.301.20HU7.357.915.689.75MT0.000.000.000.32NL12.4718.4529.1625.75AT5.326.125.029.43PL6.648.919.9914.47PT2.044.504.075.30RO2.711.820.162.16SI0.820.860.660.73SK5.715.003.695.58FI3.433.842.242.14SE0.781.470.720.98IMPORTS–NATURALGAS–TOTAL–1990-2021(Mtoe)EU27_202040035030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices59PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.3Imports–NaturalGasRANKINGMtoeand%20002021ImportsEU2S7h_a2re020EU27_2020MSImportsEU2S7h_a2re020MSRankingNaturalgas1DE61.125.4%DE70.022.5%59.819.2%2IT47.019.6%IT40.413.0%32.210.3%3FR36.515.2%FR22.317.87.2%4ES15.56.4%ES15.35.7%4.9%5BE13.35.5%NL7.22.3%6.22.0%6NL12.55.2%BE5.41.7%5.01.6%7CZ7.53.1%PL4.31.4%3.91.3%8HU7.33.1%CZ3.11.0%2.90.9%9PL6.62.8%HU2.70.9%2.10.7%10SK5.72.4%EL2.10.7%2.00.6%11AT5.32.2%PT1.90.6%1.20.4%12FI3.41.4%SK1.00.3%0.80.2%13BG2.71.1%AT0.70.2%0.40.1%14RO2.71.1%IE0.30.1%0.00.0%15IE2.51.0%RO224.672.2%16LT2.10.9%BG310.9100.0%17PT2.00.8%FI18EL1.70.7%DK19LV1.10.5%LT20HR0.90.4%HR21SI0.80.3%SE22SE0.80.3%LV23LU0.70.3%SI24EE0.70.3%LU25DK0.00.0%EE26CY0.00.0%MT27MT0.00.0%CYTop5Total173.372.1%TotalEU27_2020240.4100.0%source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices60EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.3Imports–NaturalGasBYMEMBERSTATE–TOP14IMPORTERS1990-2021DEITFR19902000ES201020152019NL20202021BEPLCZHUELPTSKATIE0255075100source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices61PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.3Imports–NaturalGasBYMEMBERSTATE–LEAST13IMPORTERS1990-2021ROBGFI199020002010DK201520192020LT2021HRSELVSILUEEMTCY02468source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices62EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.4Imports–ElectricityMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_202021.725.133.331.832.834.5Index2000100%116%154%147%151%159%BE1.001.072.041.091.181.31BG0.080.100.370.260.320.16CZ0.750.571.390.951.151.30DK0.720.911.351.371.601.73DE3.883.693.183.454.114.45EE0.030.090.470.420.630.63IE0.010.070.150.190.150.21EL0.150.730.950.950.850.65ES1.050.451.291.611.541.50FR0.321.670.861.341.682.09HR0.381.071.130.980.900.99IT3.853.954.373.783.424.00CY0.000.000.000.000.000.00LV0.180.340.450.400.360.40LT0.440.700.681.141.031.07LU0.550.630.650.590.560.58HU0.820.851.711.711.651.72MT0.000.000.090.060.040.05NL1.971.342.641.751.701.80AT1.191.712.532.242.112.27PL0.280.541.241.541.771.30PT0.400.500.690.700.650.82RO0.070.070.390.470.710.75SI0.360.740.780.780.610.72SK0.510.631.291.161.141.19FI1.051.351.852.061.872.11SE1.571.280.800.781.020.72IMPORTS–ELECTRICITY–1990-2021(Mtoe)EU27_2020403530252015105019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices63PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.4Imports–ElectricityRANKINGMtoeand%20002021MSImportsEU2S7h_a2re020MSImportsEU2S7h_a2re020ElectricityDE3.8817.9%DE4.4512.9%1IT3.8517.8%IT4.0011.6%23NL1.979.1%AT2.276.6%45SE1.577.3%FI2.116.1%67AT1.195.5%FR2.096.1%89ES1.054.9%NL1.805.2%1011FI1.054.8%DK1.735.0%1213BE1.004.6%HU1.725.0%1415HU0.823.8%ES1.504.3%1617CZ0.753.5%BE1.313.8%1819DK0.723.3%CZ1.303.8%2021LU0.552.6%PL1.303.8%2223SK0.512.4%SK1.193.5%2425LT0.442.0%LT1.073.1%2627PT0.401.9%HR0.992.9%HR0.381.7%PT0.822.4%SI0.361.7%RO0.752.2%FR0.321.5%SI0.722.1%PL0.281.3%SE0.722.1%LV0.180.8%EL0.651.9%EL0.150.7%EE0.631.8%BG0.080.4%LU0.581.7%RO0.070.3%LV0.401.2%EE0.030.1%IE0.210.6%IE0.010.1%BG0.160.5%CY0.000.0%MT0.050.1%MT0.000.0%CY0.000.0%Top5Total12.557.6%14.943.2%TotalEU27_202021.7100.0%34.5100.0%source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices64EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.4Imports–ElectricityBYMEMBERSTATE–TOP14IMPORTERS1990-2021(Mtoe)DEITAT19902000FI201020152019FR20202021NLDKHUESBECZPLSKLT012345source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices65PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.4Imports–ElectricityBYMEMBERSTATE–LEAST13IMPORTERS1990-2021DEITAT19902000FI201020152019FR20202021NLDKHUESBECZPLSKLT012345source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices66EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOriginEU27_2020–HARDCOALTOP15ORDEREDBY2020VOLUMEkton200020102015201920202021141793678643913545694307549487RussianFederation215761575618559164181191716159Australia169502524820624210771336814518Aruba(NL)145662541432210Ecuador962647506189UnitedStates467531372707272820222604Benin344661576212862337610882475Kyrgyzstan262916071221Uganda03328731849Notspecified700838745884UnitedKingdom498411382010196Laos34775821371299158Norway723314170052596967OtherAmerican7505726777countries90511922776HongKong3328930207Bosniaand18522075Herzegovina157965964Otherextra-EU2316212058508175816124023024311105421116Extra-EU12716214398615308011673379898941732843220515134858700780710202Intra-EU104376TotalIntra-EUand15559516450116656512543387705Extra-EUEU27_2020–HARDCOAL–IMPORTSFROMEXTRA-EU(1990-2021)TOP5ORDEREDBY2021VOLUME(kton)70000600005000040000300002000010000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021RussiaUnitedStatesCanadaColombiaAustraliasource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices67PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOriginEU27_2020–CRUDEOIL&NGLTOP15ORDEREDBY2021VOLUMEkton200020102015201920202021RussianFederation118282179253152630136557113829113381Norway836224052342990359843923144299Aruba(NL)0281798275233720737635Kyrgyzstan99932965435185368113736235751Morocco45540509291267831444919535604Iraq313171694540078455062911732410Senegal225301974639233397423400729521SaudiArabia630363075940264388853455823880UnitedKingdom458102860920291249532445721362Bahrain37122284027297227432028420337Egypt20565699017644127291047311458Chile13341032971517578048004Panama90416782129801002584437679Notspecified527118020653950264363UnitedStates0260827345630483411otherextra-EU832287472763676358722767018702Extra-EU5420815123285107495079444417124477951390894859282479749463927Intra-EUTotalIntra-EUand555989521813520031512741446658451722Extra-EU200020102015201920202021Miobarrels3974375637443724323832831027068353629Extra-EU407638263813375932753312Intra-EUTotalIntra-EUandExtra-EUEU27_2020–CRUDEOIL&NGL–IMPORTSFROMEXTRA-EU(1990-2021)TOP5ORDEREDBY2021VOLUME(kton)2000001600001200008000040000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021RussiaUnitedStatesKazakhstanNorwaySaudiArabiasource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices68EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOriginEU27_2020–NATURALGASTOP8ORDEREDBY2021VOLUMETJ(GCV)200020102015201920202021RussianFederation458219742550494766521617032257295415927862NorwayEgypt188046928099912902446205764225236302195999Notspecified220307519448651351879121305011423461684062Aruba(NL)11351962336835Qatar334765581459675802991744Senegal000481342596888763217Bahrain798681832924638878598121Otherextra-EU12443562811472608543349461187441148172020249094334403001619550315012413570817322721565545957881330Extra-EU97309261274795111205338144527871249145713486870Intra-EU14531151951064271581010731441451515965595TotalIntra-EU111840411469901513921148155259311394297214452465andExtra-EUMiom3200020102015201920202021RussianFederation120699111743124033161023149534154028NorwayEgypt468477324075981531376523656878Notspecified555134928933770306712899542817Aruba(NL)2882314826642271698026406Qatar8126123461539219701Senegal000210891635815333Bahrain2004512063133751135710895Otherextra-EU30913682438561630428710002132518932143190326301504823449Extra-EU250927329452290286377193322827349087412315144471174282383919225575Intra-EUTotalIntra-EU292158380896361460405431362018374662andExtra-EUEU27_2020–NATURALGAS–IMPORTSFROMEXTRA-EU(1990-2021)TOP5BY2021VOLUME(Miom³)180000160000140000120000100000800006000040000200000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021RussiaNotspecifiedQatarNorwayAlgeriaRussianFederationNorwayEgypttotalimportsthroughpipelinesandLNGNotspecifiedAruba(NL)source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices69PART2EnergyintheEU2.2.5ImportsbyCountryofOriginEU27_2020–LNGTOP8ORDEREDBY2020VOLUMETJ(GCV)200020102015201920202021000481342596888763217Aruba(NL)832924638878598121Qatar12443798681472608Russian566809503613493761Federation01151077Senegal543349461187441148Egypt172020562811249094354289310750317669Notspecified871464568072342158167299116892Belize63154121319Gabon222043609219218743967106Otherextra-EU36334145341581034464038814133822179769922400032278942500325198163562Extra-EU1156965243631012867943365478306254929359523153202276232392225579Intra-EU0TotalIntra-EUand24394631286996339310030864712961531Extra-EU115696520102015201920202021Miom32000001234615392197010210891635815333Aruba(NL)2004512063Qatar309143671297712756Russian329Federation0133751135710895Senegal136826163885477557815Egypt4385137308358161440482864Notspecified21093474330781695Belize89173711119980Gabon55235941481853056202585Otherextra-EU902000805543721053Extra-EU2829460000324748528977704746230785681576637Intra-EUTotalIntra-EUand282946007832479859707828075261Extra-EUEU27_2020–LNG–IMPORTSFROMEXTRA-EU(1990-2021)TOP5BY2021VOLUME(Miom³)25000200001500010000500001990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020QatarAlgeriaUnitedStatesNigeriaRussiaNorwaysource:EurostatApril2023RussianFederatMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices70QatarAruba(NL)EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.3EnergyImportDependency2.3.1ImportDependency–AllFuels(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU200020102015201920202021EU27_202057.457.662.359.157.1Index200057.888.493.388.987.780.340.436.638.338.136.3IntraandExtra-EUImports25.432.140.838.840.0-16.813.740.446.633.5BE85.260.562.667.464.063.815.211.811.2BG46.688.389.84.972.01.575.176.369.387.977.9CZ22.782.077.282.071.880.049.146.279.344.673.4DK-38.346.748.847.953.744.484.078.056.474.754.7DE59.8107.4107.678.8104.474.748.054.2102.647.698.9EE34.780.676.246.776.740.197.196.077.192.375.0IE86.456.953.995.056.692.5252.0294.669.7377.754.1EL78.032.857.1341.479.2332.662.860.474.058.467.3ES80.531.629.971.642.952.076.678.445.467.440.6FR51.821.416.776.828.269.049.449.830.346.531.7HR48.464.460.153.656.349.349.148.469.843.652.6IT87.339.531.243.433.838.331.322.4CY106.4LV61.1LT58.5LU99.6HU55.0MT181.8NL44.7AT65.6PL10.8PT87.5RO21.9SI51.9SK65.1FI56.6SE40.4NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices71PART2EnergyintheEU2.3.2ImportDependencybyFuelEU27_2020–IMPORTSFROMEXTRA-EU–1990-2021(%)100%90%80%70%60%50%40%AllFuels30%ofSolidfossilfuels20%ofHardCoalofCrudeandNGLofNaturalGas10%0%19901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices72EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.3.3ImportDependency–SolidFuels(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU20002010201520192020202138.241.043.335.837.5EU27_202029.8128.1137.3144.9119.9125.6Index2000100.097.595.7101.8102.192.424.511.27.29.210.3IntraandExtra-EUImports-15.3-1.88.614.069.485.012.812.7BE91.240.045.4154.074.748.4132.6-6.847.244.195.2BG35.277.7103.0391.7105.9107.255.8CZ-22.05.12.867.910.29.692.875.46.454.8105.7DK94.9101.098.489.596.3102.6103.099.6106.073.4DE25.6100.8100.293.0100.765.6100.0107.3105.4EE125.2106.585.298.689.697.095.790.687.997.6IE93.3102.299.8117.2112.393.141.933.7110.843.791.9EL8.5108.197.50.00.00.038.5ES61.3101.496.693.191.986.945.797.80.0FR86.399.6-11.499.6-5.098.50.00.3100.2HR110.998.316.7102.1-6.5-3.616.919.122.0IT104.619.384.596.717.74.575.791.36.086.223.2CY102.086.397.492.211.0113.7122.1100.388.1LV84.122.072.420.194.2LT101.792.298.9LU100.0103.2HU28.1MT0.0NL99.4AT83.9PL-29.0PT102.9RO25.5SI18.8SK80.2FI97.6SE105.4NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices73PART2EnergyintheEU2.3.4ImportDependency–HardCoal(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU20002010201520192020202157.763.067.957.459.7EU27_202043.2133.4145.6157.0132.7138.1Index2000100.0100.096.3102.7104.293.586.096.157.669.0100.2IntraandExtra-EUImports-53.9-8.641.551.969.385.074.550.7BE93.573.287.6154.592.911.924.195.228.5100.4BG101.0118.3103.096.755.1151.477.591.567.0106.0CZ-56.479.6114.692.7100.597.0105.046.2106.1DK94.895.7102.491.695.888.6100.599.2100.7DE39.2100.6100.0106.797.0102.885.2108.693.197.6EE116.1101.490.198.493.199.8105.491.2IE93.165.499.2117.289.697.1106.6110.886.798.5EL105.8109.70.0109.1102.596.5114.00.0ES71.583.592.397.098.699.2-2.498.80.0100.7FR87.20.098.593.096.90.095.58.3HR112.8101.6124.2101.812.41.297.397.5-7.9102.6IT105.73.788.698.4103.898.399.617.8106.495.5CY102.088.4122.397.772.097.797.3101.8LV82.5135.395.989.991.9102.7LT100.085.596.1101.598.1LU100.0115.2HU96.4MT0.0NL98.9AT91.6PL-29.9PT103.4RO96.3SI118.2SK103.8FI97.7SE107.7NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices74EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.3.5ImportDependency–OilandPetroleumProducts(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU200020102015201920202021102.1104.7105.0105.399.7EU27_202099.8102.3104.9105.2105.699.9Index2000100.0132.7129.5129.8104.3103.999.0IntraandExtra-EUImports96.996.597.833.0BE122.3-49.06.0139.2136.096.999.1104.299.4BG97.5130.298.7-114.499.2188.997.5101.2100.6CZ95.3117.1107.049.660.6109.6113.7121.198.597.8109.4DK-96.5100.6116.7547.280.8100.7100.7-1758.598.8DE96.297.6116.1105.979.0111.581.5114.8124.588.5EE117.3110.092.4100.6113.2110.7104.0114.576.9100.0106.6IE100.699.3120.697.174.2108.385.3103.6111.693.599.9EL123.4253.399.3119.2116.086.9133.493.7107.3120.9599.2ES110.590.6330.7100.4109.2119.199.0144.386.699.990.1FR102.7101.194.0548.187.197.552.7100.3139.0719.7105.0HR61.099.9108.095.8141.768.498.454.598.297.6103.5IT97.994.2102.4106.897.998.3106.3100.665.6105.099.2CY108.4113.3109.664.990.8136.7101.3105.2LV95.598.9102.0127.5106.4LT105.2153.6LU102.1HU75.9MT181.8NL138.8AT89.2PL101.2PT103.6RO34.4SI101.5SK92.5FI111.5SE110.4NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices75PART2EnergyintheEU2.3.6ImportDependency–CrudeandNGL(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU20002010201520192020202194.495.996.696.195.1EU27_202092.5102.0103.7104.4103.8102.8Index2000100.099.9100.0100.0100.599.299.1100.5102.699.498.6IntraandExtra-EUImports97.596.2-68.898.498.6101.756.7BE100.297.3-4.936.050.797.097.198.398.3BG98.70.00.00.00.0101.6108.20.098.1CZ95.2101.5100.9102.398.499.699.5102.098.7DK-120.599.398.898.197.298.279.6101.099.567.3DE93.882.392.297.992.094.50.098.468.0EE0.00.071.190.20.00.099.593.90.0IE89.80.00.00.0100.399.091.40.00.00.0EL99.60.00.00.099.485.285.398.0100.80.00.0ES100.60.091.10.086.096.897.6100.584.60.091.7FR98.586.5100.90.098.194.698.463.099.993.098.6HR72.198.80.094.096.667.357.299.396.798.30.0IT95.10.0104.2100.466.999.199.9103.672.00.098.5CY98.5101.10.0101.497.499.0100.599.7LV0.099.0101.0100.0LT94.5LU0.0HU78.5MT0.0NL96.7AT86.9PL99.2PT99.0RO43.5SI87.2SK97.6FI101.5SE100.6NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices76EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.3.7ImportDependency–NaturalGas(%)ImportsFromExtra-EU20002010201520192020202167.874.589.783.683.5EU27_202065.7103.1113.3136.5127.3127.0Index2000100.0100.399.3101.999.299.992.697.0100.496.496.2IntraandExtra-EUImports84.895.1109.886.092.1-68.3-48.237.427.8BE99.381.290.1-7.289.189.6100.0100.1106.3106.1BG93.5100.096.3105.463.771.195.399.9100.799.4CZ99.899.996.953.097.5100.499.498.599.094.796.1DK-64.892.827.1101.668.874.518.190.4104.592.893.7DE79.190.566.40.00.095.10.00.0EE100.061.898.6100.1100.099.799.70.0100.8IE72.1100.0100.098.9100.0100.069.7100.0100.0EL99.178.7100.067.20.00.0115.275.6103.5ES101.6-60.4-36.7103.696.275.372.645.233.7FR100.069.372.226.373.451.0100.4122.878.383.6HR41.0100.499.3100.016.81.882.416.622.8IT81.199.399.699.999.499.499.995.123.288.169.0CY0.0100.099.2100.499.7100.0100.0136.6101.6101.5LV101.9100.0100.6101.8LT100.0LU100.0HU75.4MT0.0NL-49.1AT80.6PL66.3PT100.3RO19.8SI99.3SK98.8FI100.0SE100.0NegativeRateIndicatesaNetExporter.ValuesOver100%IndicateStocksBuildUp.EU27_2020:importsfromextra-EUsource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices77PART2EnergyintheEU2.4EnergyTransformation2.4.1TransformationInput–AllFuelsMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201383.61414.21373.11351.21224.71290.8Index2000100%102%99%98%89%93%BEBG68.6367.8860.5065.3455.8963.73CZ18.6518.8419.7219.4516.3717.30DK31.8237.3334.3334.7031.2733.35DE18.0616.5617.5716.5615.8616.71EE292.34291.21280.71260.47243.35252.11IEEL3.634.934.564.203.733.96ES8.598.518.547.988.268.48FR35.8035.2840.1241.7740.4042.80HR115.16121.90133.10130.89114.54118.54IT233.87227.61213.13197.36169.47175.81CY7.726.785.395.174.975.02LV163.61161.45136.66138.58121.21134.97LT2.081.210.971.061.011.04LU1.391.491.391.581.431.53HU9.4312.5311.8612.1710.7310.95MT0.200.740.430.350.430.43NL19.8723.0118.9218.2318.0317.87AT0.500.580.280.340.380.36PL104.43113.01117.81129.79116.40128.50PT20.3522.5323.1023.7022.2622.28RO72.8779.7483.1881.2176.3881.79SI20.9720.7325.2622.2421.0319.77SK29.1126.0326.0626.2223.3923.45FI3.113.412.953.143.303.10SE16.9117.3417.0915.6115.7516.7932.4138.7232.8335.6733.3431.1652.0554.8656.6757.3855.5458.98TRANSFORMATIONINPUT–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)1600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices78EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.4.2TransformationInputbyFuel2021MtoeTransformationEU27_2020InputShare-%SolidfossilfuelsOilandBEpetroleumBGproductsCZNaturalgasDKNuclearDERenewablesEEandbiofuelsIEWaste,ELnon-renewableESFR1290.8166.3651.3104.1186.7157.09.5HR100.0%12.9%50.5%8.1%14.5%12.2%0.7%ITCY63.732.9240.153.4212.223.440.50LV17.305.045.021.224.291.620.01LT33.3513.047.812.067.642.230.07LU16.710.939.160.530.005.580.40HU252.1157.1519.7131.042.99MT0.00120.480.1217.770.840.04NL3.960.670.052.370.001.270.09AT8.481.533.883.730.002.250.01PL42.803.4010.960.0015.260.30PT118.547.6335.276.3018.011.23RO175.810.3173.250.7814.731.290.00SI5.026.2442.6925.8698.8619.860.86SK134.970.000.000.080.00FI1.040.002.630.590.000.940.00SE1.530.0081.390.390.001.160.0910.950.000.070.000.230.020.431.810.962.480.001.350.1017.870.000.000.320.000.030.000.366.838.949.030.006.740.86128.503.140.002.224.036.510.3722.2843.257.983.570.005.030.2381.790.190.012.980.893.950.1019.773.30103.132.710.002.870.0023.450.909.090.150.000.630.013.103.5228.751.290.001.200.0516.792.6312.391.172.877.310.2731.161.8811.610.121.3516.310.8858.980.024.056.585.6112.9812.3427.05source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices79PART2EnergyintheEU2.4.3TransformationInputbySector2020MtoeTotal,AllSectorsEU27_2020ElectricityShare-%producersHeatproducersBECHPproducersBGRefineries,CZPetroleumandDKsub-productsDEOtherEEtransformationIEinputELES1290.8394.320.2147.8637.790.8FR100.0%30.5%1.6%11.5%49.4%7.0%HRIT63.7316.640.012.8740.134.08CY17.309.210.291.864.950.98LV33.350.815.867.764.43LT16.7114.480.954.369.070.84LU252.111.503.3626.1925.16HU0.250.64119.211.79MT3.9678.190.000.280.040.27NL8.481.230.001.473.520.28AT42.804.410.004.224.08PL118.546.892.336.2734.1510.21PT175.810.051.0371.220.15RO5.0239.030.4623.0141.234.52SI134.97115.770.000.010.01SK1.040.500.722.620.07FI1.531.170.740.8877.510.26SE10.9529.460.010.250.120.430.732.480.001.3717.871.020.000.000.000.010.360.250.909.528.915.22128.500.171.092.810.003.8922.280.053.0835.487.9711.7581.795.330.001.630.000.6619.770.350.602.17102.680.8023.4510.180.070.408.790.133.105.700.441.6928.303.4216.793.182.105.7212.132.8631.165.351.425.9711.383.4758.988.500.002.516.514.7212.727.7626.9021.20source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices80EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.4.4TransformationOutput–AllFuelsMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201031.91059.61045.31056.8962.11006.9Index200093%100%103%101%102%98%BE46.51BG54.2854.6751.9254.0810.3952.09CZ11.6212.0112.9112.7519.7810.43DK19.9123.2721.5822.1615.7221.59DE15.5914.1716.8216.36192.0316.31EE210.06210.02207.63202.79195.87IE2.46EL1.842.532.542.626.512.61ES5.625.986.476.1537.056.49FR29.1328.7635.6237.8593.1439.25HR87.2196.91105.39107.0398.9997.22IT154.62139.32126.19117.684.3398.42CY6.976.144.854.5899.354.40LV129.85131.20111.22115.340.43111.54LT1.470.460.390.451.190.45LU1.181.291.121.2810.341.31HU7.3811.8611.4611.930.3310.50MT0.110.470.300.2613.250.34NL14.0717.0813.9813.360.2013.28AT0.160.180.120.19107.480.20PL93.36100.58106.39120.1219.18118.96PT17.1618.5919.5120.3758.2919.10RO49.2957.0060.8461.4218.0861.07SI17.0417.7521.3619.0019.1117.17SK22.3220.6420.6521.151.7918.81FI1.571.691.531.6911.491.70SE12.0912.7212.4811.3028.2212.3425.5331.0526.8630.1246.4825.4042.4743.2845.2044.7250.04TRANSFORMATIONOUTPUT–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)12001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices81PART2EnergyintheEU2.4.5TransformationOutputbyFuel2021MtoeTransformationEU27_2020OutputShare-%SolidfossilfuelsOilandBEpetroleumBGproductsCZNaturalgasDKRenewablesDEandbiofuelsEEElectricityIEHeatELES1006.925.2636.92.016.8250.358.3FR100.0%2.5%63.3%0.2%1.7%24.9%5.8%HRIT52.090.9240.200.010.788.640.73CY10.430.000.174.090.98LV21.590.254.940.000.407.322.90LT16.310.470.262.843.37LU195.871.928.040.803.1250.5911.21HU0.000.000.620.54MT2.610.009.370.000.122.740.00NL6.490.000.254.700.05AT39.258.43116.540.011.3923.590.00PL97.220.343.1747.754.56PT98.420.011.180.000.071.310.37RO4.400.141.4224.865.34SI111.540.003.580.000.010.440.00SK0.450.000.060.500.75FI1.310.0034.250.000.120.441.06SE10.500.000.000.190.150.340.7870.800.000.173.111.2513.280.000.010.190.000.200.1040.770.200.9410.502.65118.960.010.296.082.2019.100.002.660.000.9615.457.3761.070.000.334.380.4017.170.9678.190.000.405.111.4618.810.000.091.370.241.700.000.000.000.182.580.7812.340.010.736.204.6225.400.000.000.031.3414.775.3650.040.008.880.000.000.567.930.000.001.36102.080.948.556.5428.520.0012.060.0011.570.000.001.156.750.6212.670.6427.41source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices82EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.4.6TransformationOutputbySector2021MtoeTotal,AllSectorsEU27_2020ElectricityShare-%producersHeatproducersBECHPproducersBGRefineries,CZPetroleumandDKsub-productsDEOtherEEtransformationIEoutputELES1,006.9193.216.393.4633.970.1FR100.0%19.2%1.6%9.3%63.0%7.0%HRIT52.097.170.001.8440.092.99CY10.433.540.191.264.780.66LV21.595.870.693.518.043.49LT16.311.500.873.579.371.00LU195.8739.462.7718.8118.30HU0.490.190.47116.541.41MT2.612.540.000.180.040.23NL6.494.200.000.543.540.25AT39.2520.530.002.753.14PL97.2245.381.914.4334.255.93PT98.420.940.040.6970.800.13RO4.4015.890.3813.6940.773.38SI111.540.440.000.010.01SK0.450.250.440.562.600.06FI1.310.170.500.5578.190.41SE10.500.050.010.190.090.342.210.621.430.001.1113.280.190.000.000.000.010.206.250.526.048.884.07118.964.770.922.250.002.6219.102.442.6617.617.9010.3361.073.680.000.970.000.6117.174.490.391.67102.080.7618.811.240.060.298.550.121.701.990.311.0228.032.6012.344.161.734.3111.922.8125.4013.391.064.7311.503.6050.040.006.4212.3927.26source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices83PART2EnergyintheEU2.5FinalEnergy2.5.1AvailableforFinalConsumptionTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201022.61073.2993.91033.11033.1975.8Index200097%95%100%105%101%101%38.19BE40.8243.0140.9640.0540.0510.2926.12BG9.649.2410.0710.3210.3213.81214.49CZ26.4227.7525.9127.1527.152.96DK14.3214.9713.7214.1914.1911.1214.55DE234.79233.13220.83225.46225.4677.75141.15EE2.523.142.452.972.976.96IE10.3711.2910.8611.5911.59109.28EL18.4619.1616.5516.4016.401.573.87ES85.4091.4578.9986.2986.296.433.30FR156.75161.69157.14155.30155.3019.680.51HR6.587.737.027.297.2955.3526.95IT128.77131.73117.63118.66118.6677.1316.39CY1.471.691.441.661.6625.094.60LV3.264.063.793.973.9710.8224.75LT4.255.425.906.656.6532.70LU3.243.933.573.833.83HU17.2218.8618.5419.9419.94MT0.320.420.460.560.56NL58.5464.5355.1556.3856.38AT23.5827.7727.2828.3428.34PL57.1370.3865.1777.7577.75PT19.5418.9816.8517.5817.58RO24.1224.8022.8125.0725.07SI4.795.284.855.045.04SK11.6811.4710.0211.2811.28FI23.7326.3124.0625.7425.74SE34.9135.0731.8633.6233.62source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices84EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.5.2FinalNon-EnergyConsumptionTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020101.498.388.390.790.790.0Index2000100%97%87%89%89%89%BE7.007.057.687.257.257.100.47BG0.980.420.600.460.462.480.23CZ2.142.882.502.972.9721.350.18DK0.300.260.250.200.200.230.82DE25.3022.5821.2621.6521.655.8012.66EE0.150.090.090.120.120.536.80IE0.680.340.220.240.240.040.10EL0.731.110.700.920.921.150.03ES9.497.114.355.355.352.230.01FR16.9513.9313.9813.5413.5412.902.08HR0.660.600.530.570.575.791.18IT8.439.566.617.047.041.290.15CY0.090.090.020.040.041.221.49LV0.070.070.110.090.091.71LT0.660.661.121.201.20LU0.050.030.030.040.04HU1.591.971.912.122.12MT0.000.010.010.020.02NL11.3314.3712.1712.0712.07AT1.721.811.802.122.12PL4.374.975.635.605.60PT2.421.731.341.151.15RO1.892.061.121.141.14SI0.240.210.130.160.16SK1.381.051.051.001.00FI1.041.221.331.381.38SE1.752.121.782.302.30FINALNON-ENERGYCONSUMPTION–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)12010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices85PART2EnergyintheEU2.5.3FinalEnergyConsumptionTOTALMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020926.1973.2909.0937.5937.5885.1Index2000100%105%98%101%101%96%BE33.6435.4533.1632.5932.5930.949.729.50BG8.598.709.399.7224.2323.77CZ23.9924.1223.1024.2313.5413.07200.80194.25DK14.0214.8513.4613.542.832.73DE207.17209.92200.03200.8011.3210.8415.3914.47EE2.412.882.752.8381.5172.32138.88127.84IE10.2011.1910.5111.326.736.43EL17.9118.3715.7415.39113.12103.06ES76.3485.5075.9581.511.631.533.923.80FR145.13146.26140.57138.885.465.283.793.27HR5.927.136.486.7317.9717.610.550.50IT119.74123.05112.11113.1244.0941.7726.2224.87CY1.371.651.421.6371.8970.2516.3515.16LV3.234.003.683.9223.7123.474.864.45LT3.744.764.785.4610.259.6124.8323.25LU3.183.903.533.7931.3331.07HU15.6416.8816.8317.97MT0.320.400.460.55NL47.6050.7743.3244.09AT21.8125.9625.4826.22PL53.5665.2660.8671.89PT17.2117.2715.5516.35RO21.9522.0421.6023.71SI4.545.054.724.86SK9.9310.378.9410.25FI23.2825.0423.0524.83SE33.6732.4731.5131.33FINALENERGYCONSUMPTION–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)12001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices86EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.5.3FinalEnergyConsumptionBYFUEL2021MtoeOilandEU27_2020petroleumShare-%productsNaturalgasBERenewablesBGandbiofuelsCZSolidfossilfuelsDKWaste,DEnon-renewableEEElectricityIEHeatELManufacturedESgases,peat&FRproductsHRIT327.5212.2110.419.05.0213.947.34.6CY37.0%24.0%12.5%2.2%0.6%24.2%5.3%0.5%LVLT12.3910.152.440.420.157.000.460.2LU3.661.321.470.390.072.660.570.0HU6.895.503.671.430.305.162.150.3MT4.771.631.720.130.042.762.690.0NLAT65.4356.8317.993.411.2342.539.972.0PL0.890.260.480.000.000.680.480.0PT5.561.940.500.240.052.540.000.2RO7.451.181.830.180.004.230.040.0SISK36.7814.946.640.350.2119.590.000.1FI51.3529.3215.940.970.5037.244.140.0SE2.601.161.280.110.051.420.270.038.4234.4111.450.300.2925.123.120.10.870.000.230.040.040.400.000.01.320.351.020.020.050.580.640.02.140.650.840.160.000.960.890.01.920.610.180.040.020.550.130.05.716.092.050.120.143.641.050.00.280.000.030.000.000.220.000.012.3517.152.150.140.049.222.020.28.864.944.480.320.275.541.870.126.1810.789.018.690.7612.355.970.46.521.873.020.010.094.070.200.08.456.554.060.730.323.961.040.22.020.620.720.020.041.160.190.02.732.701.310.400.182.200.590.45.310.797.080.120.057.064.120.36.610.488.830.280.0911.034.690.1source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices87PART2EnergyintheEU2.5.3FinalEnergyConsumptionBYSECTOR2021MtoeIndustryEU27_2020TransportShare-%ResidentialServicesBEAgricultureBGandFishingCZOthersDKDE240.4274.8261.8129.429.83.8EE27.2%31.1%29.6%14.6%3.4%0.4%IEEL10.588.538.594.540.900.03ES2.813.432.401.300.200.00FR7.016.887.862.960.650.05HR2.454.014.522.010.680.06IT52.3058.7728.773.610.05CY55.870.840.970.510.090.00LV0.383.713.061.790.250.00LT2.205.534.282.050.310.18LU2.5730.3514.7410.083.110.19HU42.6942.2121.924.560.84MT20.132.152.440.850.260.00NL27.2235.2932.0317.463.010.14AT0.660.360.260.050.01PL1.191.081.200.600.200.01PT25.282.141.630.650.120.01RO1.770.480.560.030.00SI0.244.906.422.070.670.05SK0.890.220.120.120.010.00FI1.119.1910.126.564.110.08SE0.617.987.672.600.550.004.7323.5422.158.493.740.000.065.473.022.190.530.0313.236.888.761.850.570.367.611.801.160.420.070.0216.272.622.971.410.130.004.534.025.963.080.770.206.866.857.884.260.601.471.293.3810.7611.10source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices88EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.5.3FinalEnergyConsumptionBYSECTOR–EU27_2020–1990-2021(Mtoe)35030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021IndustryAgricultureandFishingServicesResidentialTransportOthersFINALENERGYCONSUMPTION–BYFUEL–EU27_2020–1990-2021(Mtoe)45040035030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021SolidfossilfuelsWaste,non-renewableOilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgasHeatRenewablesandbiofuelsElectricitysource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices89PART2EnergyintheEU2.6Electricity2.6.1InstalledElectricityCapacityTOTALMW200020102015201920202021EU27_2020613221790216889722946426962916991045Index2000100%129%145%154%157%162%BE156851879621168239232568826218BG110851003110912112291099211208CZ153232007321866220362145121035DK123161343814002149701536216501DE118884162924203257231489233726242105EE280027512857274627382409IE470981439680111301124211142EL109041531218942204782079520716ES53922101740106758109688108323111014FR114518124138132218136254136943141904HR206741034768471246624873IT75510106610116964116435116383117160CY98815601756181918971983LV209225572931293829442940LT571635703587337834913709LU121717122024177518081878HU82828993863499941071011574MT0572668750783800NL210622668833877371354242147252AT178022134524741259022634227382PL305593336037327434404936852834PT109081893219625215752165521344RO168201991223830208992058518799SI261431933358383239294080SK745478737782772477077490FI162601543816500173521730117942SE337243645239691428244367244753INSTALLEDELECTRICITYCAPACITY–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(MW)12000001000000800000600000400000200000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021DataforEU-27isnotcompletelyavailableforperiod1990-2004source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices90EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.6.1InstalledElectricityCapacityBYFUEL2021MWInstalledEU27_2020ElectricityShare-%CapacityCombustibleFuelsWindHydroNuclearSolarOthers9910453793821883711516681051121641852327100.0%38.3%19.0%15.3%10.6%16.6%0.2%BE26218798649481418585160123BG1120838547043369200612750CZ21035118743392285429022460DK16501776970217017040DE242105992416383310844811359373701EE24091693315603950IE111426139433952901350EL20716836846493421042770ES11101439778279082013271171601959FR1419042043518740262916140014810227HR487315379872201013810IT1171605949611254227500225941066CY19831511158003150LV29401268771587070LT37091881671877025525LU1878134136133102770HU115746155324602027296840MT8005950002060NL472522387377693751214911150AT273826443340814748027831PL528343605369672398074160PT213446987542772550164629RO18799631630156662141113940SI40801576313526884610SK7490239942531200353716FI1794282953257317127944250SE4475377251211616407689916060source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices91PART2EnergyintheEU2.6.1InstalledElectricityCapacityRENEWABLES2021MWTotalEU27_2020renewablesShare(%)HydroWindBESolarThermalBGSolarPVCZGeothermalDKTide,WaveDEandOceanEEIE5053171516681883712306161879877216EL100.0%30.0%37.3%0.5%32.0%0.2%0.0%ESFR12379141849480601200HR534833697040127500IT487022853390224600CY87320170400LV77021259371460LT1340961084463833000LU716039500HU6315013500MT500352943392304427705NL123483421464901371516211AT640642013227908014810100PL60069262911874001387720PT220102259400RO333622750987031500SI5736911254000SK00700FI4721587158025530SE167277027700180387702968001744133167102061033551360149110060324027832902060074160022717001646002093937776901394001678014748340804610014357696705370011071239854274257255301516061817666230721352368532531430129317132571640712116Netmaximumcapacitysource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices92EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.6.2GrossElectricityGenerationTOTALTWh200020102015201920202021EU27_20202656.92979.72900.62902.42784.92906.5Index2000100%112%109%109%105%109%BE84.0194.3269.2493.2188.9699.9640.7247.53BG40.9246.6449.2044.2581.4584.9528.7333.05CZ73.4685.8283.8186.93573.82586.68DK36.0138.8628.9429.526.087.2032.2831.87DE576.54631.04646.48605.4348.2554.72263.21274.03EE8.5112.9610.157.62531.76554.7313.3915.21IE23.9828.3528.3930.96280.03288.49EL53.8457.4051.8748.634.855.125.725.85ES224.47301.37280.70273.125.314.892.232.21FR539.95569.15578.87570.3934.7935.982.142.22HR11.2814.9011.4012.76122.77121.6172.5570.74IT275.86301.28282.40293.20157.95179.5553.0850.98CY3.375.324.535.1455.9359.4717.1915.88LV4.146.635.536.4428.8129.9669.0471.87LT11.335.504.673.75163.83171.80LU1.174.592.771.91HU35.1937.3730.3034.18MT1.922.111.302.06NL89.38119.12108.80120.81AT61.2471.1165.2874.22PL145.18157.58164.83163.75PT43.7654.0952.4153.15RO51.5660.9866.2959.62SI13.6216.4415.1016.10SK31.1627.8226.8028.40FI69.7880.3668.3568.39SE145.27148.55162.11168.44source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices93PART2EnergyintheEU2.6.2GrossElectricityGenerationBYFUEL2021TWhGrossElectricityEU27_2020GenerationShare-%SolidFossilFuels,Peat,OilBEShale&SandsBGOilandCZpetroleumDKproductsDENaturalGas&EEManufacturedIEGasesELNuclearESRenewablesFRandbiofuelHRWastesnon-RESITCY2906.5425.046.7579.8731.71101.921.4LV100.0%14.6%1.6%19.9%25.2%37.9%0.7%LTLU99.960.00.1824.5050.3323.661.25HU47.5317.10.363.0516.4910.560.00MT84.9534.20.097.9230.7311.920.10NL33.050.261.5426.100.79AT586.684.44.580.00236.126.72PL164.50.04105.6269.130.09PT7.201.450.752.880.32RO31.873.44.670.0011.900.04SI54.723.010.0415.160.0022.190.94SK274.035.35.7322.490.00128.972.23FI554.734.90.0372.6656.56126.710.00SE15.215.47.7535.25379.3610.632.38288.491.54.340.00118.430.0014.00.003.100.000.005.120.00.10145.910.000.770.245.850.00.000.003.720.074.890.00.060.000.003.330.252.210.00.042.130.001.970.0035.983.01.331.2215.996.921.992.220.00.710.170.000.260.71121.6114.62.009.743.8340.470.5870.740.11.231.910.0056.540.29179.55127.60.7659.400.0031.330.0050.980.80.0612.640.0033.090.0159.4710.70.4018.0611.2826.680.1715.883.80.1715.575.715.730.5129.961.70.3510.0615.737.071.6871.874.80.5223.6038.17171.800.14.8952.97115.784.660.92source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices94EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.6.2GrossElectricityGenerationRENEWABLES2021TWhRenewablesEU27_2020andbiofuelsShare-%WindHydroSolarSolid&liquidbiofuels,renewablewasteBiogasesGeothermalTide,WaveandOcean1101.9386.9374.8163.8116.852.66.50.5100.0%35.1%34.0%14.9%10.6%4.8%0.6%0.0%BE23.6612.001.355.623.710.980.000.00BG10.561.435.071.472.370.220.000.00CZ11.920.603.622.322.792.590.000.00DK26.1016.050.021.318.100.610.000.00DE236.12114.6524.9749.3416.9230.000.240.00EE2.880.730.020.351.750.020.000.00IE11.909.781.040.090.820.170.000.00EL22.1910.485.965.250.040.460.000.00ES128.9762.0632.8527.105.960.980.000.02FR126.7136.8363.9615.736.453.150.100.48HR10.632.067.230.150.660.440.090.00IT118.4320.9347.4825.0410.958.125.910.00CY0.770.250.000.470.000.060.000.00LV3.720.142.710.010.570.290.000.00LT3.331.361.090.190.530.160.000.00LU1.970.311.080.180.330.060.000.00HU6.920.660.213.801.940.300.010.00MT0.260.000.000.260.000.010.000.00NL40.4718.000.0911.5010.070.820.000.00AT56.546.7442.542.783.880.600.000.00PL31.3316.233.103.936.751.310.000.00PT33.0913.2213.452.243.730.270.180.00RO26.686.5817.751.700.580.070.000.00SI5.730.015.000.450.170.100.000.00SK7.070.014.550.671.360.490.000.00FI38.178.5115.790.3013.250.330.000.00SE115.7827.2473.931.5313.070.010.000.00source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices95PART2EnergyintheEU2.6.2GrossElectricityGenerationEU27_2020–BYFUEL2021ShareofTotal(%)Solidfossilfuels,oilshaleandsands,peatOilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgasandmanufacturedgasesNuclearRenewablesandbiofuelsOthers199035.88.39.532.014.10.2199135.18.89.132.314.50.3199234.09.28.732.615.20.3199333.28.68.933.615.50.3199433.28.69.232.915.80.3199532.98.89.532.915.50.3199632.58.410.233.315.20.4199731.28.111.233.515.50.4199830.88.211.932.616.00.4199929.97.613.332.816.00.4200030.66.513.732.416.40.4200129.66.214.132.517.00.5200230.26.614.632.715.40.5200330.65.916.032.015.10.3200429.45.017.032.016.30.4200528.34.718.831.416.40.4200628.14.419.430.816.80.4200728.53.720.429.217.70.5200825.93.421.629.519.00.5200925.33.320.829.021.10.6201024.22.820.928.722.90.6201125.32.520.128.522.80.6201225.92.517.627.725.80.6201325.62.215.327.628.70.6201424.82.113.628.430.30.7201524.82.214.827.130.50.7201623.12.117.026.330.80.7201722.12.018.925.730.60.7201820.81.917.825.932.90.7201915.91.820.726.434.60.7202012.81.721.124.539.10.8202114.61.619.925.237.90.7source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices96EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.6.2GrossElectricityGenerationEU27_2020–BYFUEL–ALLFUELS–1990-2021(TWh)12001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Solidfossilfuels,peat,oilRenewablesandbiofuelsNuclearshaleandsandsOilandpetroleumproductsWastesnon-RESNaturalandmanufacturedgasesEU27_2020–BYFUEL–GROSSELECTRICITYGENERATION,BYFUEL:RENEWABLES–1990-2021(TWh)45040035030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021HydroGeothermalSolarSoHlidybdiroofuelsandrenewablewastesWindTWidei,nWdaveandOceanSolidbiofuelsandrenewablewastesBiogasesLiqLuiiqdubiidofbuieolsfuelsBiogasesSolarTide,WaveandOceanGeothermal97source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendicesPART2EnergyintheEU2.6.3MarketShareoftheLargestElectricityProducer%BE200020102015201920202021BG91.179.148.553.056.0CZ32.555.242.536.0DK69.273.067.739.067.063.0DE36.046.037.269.027.027.0EE34.028.432.028.125.326.0IE91.089.079.826.052.064.0EL97.034.055.067.431.041.0ES97.085.170.728.040.845.0FR42.424.024.549.419.824.0HR90.286.585.722.477.879.0IT88.077.879.875.775.7CY46.728.027.077.816.017.0LV99.6100.092.016.090.088.0LT95.888.057.492.057.162.0LU72.835.422.766.622.917.0HU85.443.815.517.920.0MT41.342.153.118.755.363.0NL100.0100.0100.056.337.437.4AT37.0PL32.617.417.417.417.4PT19.547.242.50.039.126.0RO58.533.625.70.027.830.0SI56.351.318.450.151.0SK85.180.973.137.764.464.4FI23.326.622.326.723.021.0SE49.542.020.050.319.019.066.122.018.0source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices98EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7SolarandwindEnergy2.7.1SolarandwindEnergy–CumulativeCapacityTOTALMW200020102015201920202021EU27_202012472109606214861287350315541352556Index2000100%1723%2304%2530%2827%879%BE141919531385001024610961BG05131727174818031979CZ119402356245025112586DK239138095859719175718725DE62094496183804109656115872123206EE0108300437525710IE11713912454418443974474EL22615004695642374078927ES22162529829951367013925943927FR45695617436272352957033550HR0794667319101125IT382938628038315453252133848CY089234309387472LV23068818384LT0133505637704926LU1473180296339414HU0295501172324543292MT0175155188206NL46023274917117101775622680AT5511053426492652696190PL41108499473771025314383PT8439305384612462237073RO03894456443543954409SI012242281373464SK022536594539541FI402041022250629043682SE2122028592393951108313722SOLARANDWINDENERGY–CUMULATIVECAPACITY–EU27_2020TOTAL–1990-2021(MW)40000035000030000025000020000015000010000050000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices99PART2EnergyintheEU2.7.1SolarandWindEnergy–CumulativeCapacitySHAREOFTOTALINSTALLEDELECTRICITYCAPACITY%200020102015201920202021EU27_20202.013.924.130.432.835.6BE0.0910.2125.1035.5339.8841.81BG0.005.1115.8315.5616.4017.66CZ0.019.6610.7711.1211.7112.29DK19.4128.3441.8548.0349.2952.87DE5.2227.6041.2347.3749.5850.89EE0.003.9310.5015.9019.1629.47IE2.4717.0825.3537.5939.1140.16EL2.079.8024.7931.3635.6243.09ES4.1124.8728.0633.4636.2439.57FR0.045.6013.1919.9921.5923.64HR0.001.939.7715.5219.5223.09IT0.518.8023.9727.0927.9428.89CY0.005.7213.3116.9820.3923.81LV0.101.172.332.772.832.87LT0.003.7314.0818.8620.1724.97LU1.154.278.9016.6518.7722.02HU0.003.285.8017.2422.9128.44MT0.000.1411.2120.7124.0225.71NL2.188.7214.5131.5341.8648.00AT0.315.1813.8519.0220.0022.61PL0.013.3213.3816.9820.7727.22PT0.7720.7627.4328.3928.7333.14RO0.001.9518.7021.2221.3523.45SI0.000.387.217.349.4911.38SK0.000.286.897.696.997.22FI0.251.326.1914.4416.7920.52SE0.635.5614.9221.9425.3830.66SOLARANDWINDENERGY–CUMULATIVECAPACITY–EU27_2020SHAREOFTOTAL–1990-2021(%)40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%0%19901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices100EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7.2WindCumulativeInstalledCapacityTOTALMW200020102015201920202021EU27_20201229778989127174167140177059188371Index2000100%642%1034%1359%1440%1532%BE149122181386446734948BG0488699703703704CZ1213281339339339DK239038025077611162677021DE60952695544580607426220163833EE0108300316317315IE11713902451412643074339EL22612982091358941194649ES22062069322943255902681927908FR38591210298164271751418740HR079418646801987IT36357949137106791087111254CY082158158158158LV23068787877LT0133436534540671LU144464136153136HU0293329323323324MT000000NL44722373391448466487769AT5010162489322432263408PL411084886583862986967PT8337964937522351225427RO03893130303830133015SI003333SK033444FI381971005228425863257SE209201758198681997612116WINDCUMULATIVEINSTALLEDCAPACITY–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(MW)20000015000010000050000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices101PART2EnergyintheEU2.7.2WindCumulativeInstalledCapacitySHAREOFTOTALINSTALLEDELECTRICITYCAPACITY%200020102015201920202021EU27_20202.010.014.317.718.419.0BE0.14.910.316.218.218.9BG0.04.96.46.36.46.3CZ0.01.11.31.51.61.6DK19.428.336.340.840.842.5DE5.116.521.926.226.626.4EE0.03.910.511.511.613.1IE2.517.125.337.138.338.9EL2.18.511.017.519.822.4ES4.120.321.523.324.825.1FR0.04.87.812.112.813.2HR0.01.98.813.717.220.3IT0.55.47.89.29.39.6CY0.05.39.08.78.37.9LV0.11.22.32.72.72.6LT0.03.712.215.815.518.1LU1.22.63.27.78.47.3HU0.03.33.83.23.02.8MT0.00.00.00.00.00.0NL2.18.410.012.115.716.4AT0.34.810.112.412.212.4PL0.03.313.113.412.813.2PT0.820.125.224.223.725.4RO0.02.013.114.514.616.0SI0.00.00.10.10.10.1SK0.00.00.00.10.10.1FI0.21.36.113.214.918.2SE0.65.514.720.322.827.1source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices–102EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7.3WindGrossElectricityProductionTOTALTWh200020102015201920202021EU27_202021.3139.8263.2367.1397.8386.9Index2000100%657%1237%1726%1870%1818%BE0.01.35.69.812.812.01.4BG0.00.71.51.31.50.6CZ0.00.30.60.70.716.1114.6DK4.27.814.116.116.30.7DE9.438.580.6125.9132.19.810.5EE0.00.30.70.70.862.136.8IE0.22.86.610.011.52.120.9EL0.52.74.67.39.30.20.1ES4.744.349.355.656.41.40.3FR0.09.921.434.739.90.70.0HR0.00.10.81.51.718.06.7IT0.69.114.820.218.816.213.2CY0.00.00.20.20.26.60.0LV0.00.00.10.20.20.08.5LT0.00.20.81.51.627.2LU0.00.10.10.30.4HU0.00.50.70.70.7MT0.00.00.00.00.0NL0.84.07.511.515.3AT0.12.14.87.56.8PL0.01.710.915.115.8PT0.29.211.613.712.3RO0.00.37.16.86.9SI0.00.00.00.00.0SK0.00.00.00.00.0FI0.10.32.36.08.3SE0.53.516.319.827.5WINDGROSSELECTRICITYPRODUCTION–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-202145040035030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices103PART2EnergyintheEU2.7.4WindPenetrationLevelINTOTALGROSSELECTRICITYGENERATION%200020102015201920202021EU27_20200.84.79.112.614.313.3BE0.01.48.110.514.412.03.0BG0.01.53.03.03.60.7CZ0.00.40.70.80.948.619.5DK11.820.148.854.756.810.230.7DE1.66.112.520.823.019.222.6EE0.02.17.09.013.96.6IE1.09.923.232.435.813.6EL0.84.78.914.919.37.34.8ES2.114.717.620.421.42.427.9FR0.01.73.76.17.514.21.8HR0.00.97.011.512.90.014.8IT0.23.05.36.96.79.59.0CY0.00.64.94.65.025.911.1LV0.10.72.72.43.10.00.0LT0.04.117.440.029.211.815.9LU2.11.23.714.715.7HU0.01.42.32.11.9MT0.00.00.00.00.0NL0.93.46.99.512.4AT0.12.97.410.09.4PL0.01.16.69.210.0PT0.417.022.125.723.2RO0.00.510.711.412.4SI0.00.00.00.00.0SK0.00.00.00.00.0FI0.10.43.48.812.0SE0.32.310.111.816.8source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices104EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7.5WindCapacityFactorANNUALAVERAGE%200020102015201920202021EU27_202019.820.223.625.125.623.4BE13.016.229.228.831.327.721.424.023.2BG23.723.523.520.230.229.726.1CZ18.023.323.724.220.524.830.426.6DK20.323.431.827.730.625.723.125.825.7DE17.516.320.624.824.025.424.126.022.4EE29.327.225.924.523.821.619.721.2IE23.923.130.617.317.417.922.525.920.9EL22.823.925.232.132.823.223.626.226.3ES24.524.424.525.823.123.4FR14.519.223.729.326.226.526.424.022.6HR20.121.729.528.626.629.927.427.8IT17.718.018.525.526.324.921.321.619.2CY16.117.111.414.330.136.429.8LV18.724.626.131.525.7LT21.2LU20.214.418.2HU20.824.1MTNL21.220.425.4AT15.223.222.2PL14.317.125.4PT23.127.626.8RO25.8SISK22.822.8FI23.417.126.4SE25.019.732.0source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices105PART2EnergyintheEU2.7.6SolarCollectors′Surface1000m2200020102015201920202021EU27_2020107593442847092524775581056999Index2000100%320%438%488%519%530%BE41375660724740748BG0194344425446470CZ0307480555567586DK4801016191520512035DE2431391418339193262141621785EE3251IE00000EL0185320337346345ES441004390486849915175FR294123123293406842364360HR40514472917330233983504IT513183272288300CY20923724434444584658LV27124151009108411021122LT0LU09090222222HU000000MT0056NL36280707477AT02970350392406PL276140647PT22025261737475RO0401900672669662SI2385761121505049234775SK04559159269630073196FI101656224134814071479SE07521712192192191010450224222220207178478232249123073808831459451445510SOLARTHERMALCOLLECTORS–EU27_20201990-2021(1000m2)600005000040000300002000010000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices106EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7.7SolarInstalledCapacityTOTALMW200020102015201920202021EU27_20201753061687687120210138482164185BE010073132463755736012BG0251028104411001275CZ017272075211121722246DK17782108013041704DE1141800639224489145367159373EE000121208395IE0125790135EL02022604283432884277ES1046057008111111244016019FR710447138108081205614810HR004885109138IT19359218901208652165022594CY0776151229315LV000357LT0069103164255LU029116160187277HU02172140021312968MT0175155188206NL1390152672261110814911AT589937170220432783PL00108153939557416PT113444790111001646RO001326139813831394SI012239278370461SK019533590535537FI2717222318425SE31110471411071606SOLARINSTALLEDCAPACITY–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-2021(MW)18000016000014000012000010000080000600004000020000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices107PART2EnergyintheEU2.7.8SolarGrossElectricityProductionTOTALTWh200020102015201920202021EU27_20200.123.2100.9123.9145.1163.8BE0.00.63.14.35.15.61.5BG0.00.01.41.41.52.31.3CZ0.00.62.32.32.349.30.4DK0.00.00.61.01.20.15.3DE0.111.738.744.449.527.115.7EE0.00.00.00.10.20.125.0IE0.00.00.00.00.10.50.0EL0.00.23.94.44.40.20.2ES0.07.213.915.120.73.80.3FR0.00.67.812.313.511.52.8HR0.00.00.10.10.13.92.2IT0.01.922.923.724.91.70.5CY0.00.00.10.20.30.70.3LV0.00.00.00.00.01.5LT0.00.00.10.10.1LU0.00.00.10.10.2HU0.00.00.11.52.5MT0.00.00.10.20.2NL0.00.11.15.48.6AT0.00.10.91.72.0PL0.00.00.10.72.0PT0.00.20.81.31.7RO0.00.02.01.81.7SI0.00.00.30.30.4SK0.00.00.50.60.7FI0.00.00.00.10.2SE0.00.00.10.71.1SOLARGROSSELECTRICITYPRODUCTION–TOTAL–EU27_20201990-202118016014012010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices108EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.7.9SolarPenetrationLevelINTOTALGROSSELECTRICITYGENERATION%200020102015201920202021EU27_20200.00.83.54.35.25.6BE0.00.64.44.65.75.63.1BG0.00.02.83.23.62.74.0CZ0.00.72.72.72.98.44.9DK0.00.02.13.34.10.39.6DE0.01.96.07.38.69.92.8EE0.00.00.01.04.01.08.7IE0.00.00.00.10.29.10.1EL0.00.37.59.19.23.98.1ES0.02.44.95.57.910.611.6FR0.00.11.32.22.59.53.9HR0.00.00.50.70.72.24.4IT0.00.68.18.18.92.92.9CY0.00.12.84.26.12.20.4LV0.00.00.00.00.10.9LT0.00.01.62.42.4LU0.00.53.76.87.2HU0.00.00.54.47.1MT0.00.07.39.511.1NL0.00.01.04.57.0AT0.00.11.42.32.8PL0.00.00.00.41.2PT0.00.41.52.53.2RO0.00.03.03.03.1SI0.00.11.81.92.1SK0.00.11.92.12.3FI0.00.00.00.20.3SE0.00.00.10.40.6source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices109PART2EnergyintheEU2.8CHP2.8.1CHPElectricityGENERATIONANDCAPACITYCHPElectricityGenerationCHPElectricalCapacityTWhGW201920202021201920202021EU27_2020348.4335.1346.4133.3133.4129.9BE12.813.013.12.42.42.8BGCZ3.93.84.21.21.31.3DKDE9.910.210.68.58.38.0EEIE10.68.310.15.15.04.6ELES86.985.590.154.853.450.2FRHR1.01.41.50.20.50.5ITCY2.12.12.00.30.30.3LVLT2.22.32.30.40.40.4LUHU29.726.927.55.05.04.8MTNL18.117.518.56.66.57.0ATPL2.32.72.80.90.90.9PTRO40.539.934.78.69.27.4SISK0.00.00.00.00.00.0FISE2.62.12.61.31.31.31.11.21.30.60.60.50.40.50.50.10.10.14.64.75.61.51.61.60.20.20.10.10.10.132.231.731.08.89.18.89.79.811.52.92.95.029.930.131.39.710.010.86.46.56.11.31.31.35.14.64.71.31.41.51.21.21.20.40.30.43.33.51.61.522.518.920.66.46.46.39.29.28.93.33.32.7source:Eurostat,July2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices110EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.8.2CHPHeatPRODUCTIONANDCAPACITYCHPHeatProductionCHPHeatCapacityEU27_20202019PJ20212019GW20212629.220202620.2285.42020242.52556.0252.2BE94.893.495.04.95.15.4BG39.636.249.84.44.64.7CZ99.1100.299.020.419.219.3DK91.980.886.98.68.58.4DE663.2638.8670.296.563.764.6EE3.612.816.50.71.51.5IE11.211.111.10.60.60.6EL15.316.817.00.90.80.8ES143.2132.4138.910.710.710.4FR159.9177.1174.421.421.622.0HR17.620.020.02.22.12.1IT216.9213.4169.921.921.510.4CY0.10.20.20.00.00.0LV13.712.113.11.21.21.2LT11.011.713.71.51.61.3LU3.84.85.30.30.30.3HU27.527.630.13.13.13.3MT0.10.10.10.00.00.0NL174.2171.6172.215.416.316.9AT110.2111.3112.28.98.78.4PL248.5245.6259.624.524.224.4PT62.159.859.34.44.94.8RO62.135.436.14.44.24.2SI11.011.211.20.90.91.0SK35.141.03.43.1FI242.7214.8223.316.216.216.1SE94.094.094.57.97.97.4source:Eurostat,July2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices111PART2EnergyintheEU2.8.3CHPElectricityandHeatEU27_2020–CHPELECTRICITYANDHEATGENERATION(PJ)3500300025002000CHPElectricityGeneration1500CHPHeatProduction100050002009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatJuly2023databefore2009isnotconsistentacrosstheEU27MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices112EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.9Heat2.9.1GrossHeatGenerationTOTALPJ200020102015201920202021EU27_20202044.72580.72259.12255.92163.92344.7Index2000100%126%110%110%106%115%BE23.233.926.420.620.120.736.638.7BG50.857.148.736.6111.2119.9123.6136.3CZ139.2147.0119.4114.7418.2462.620.922.7DK115.5147.9126.9127.90.00.0DE315.9508.6448.8451.62.22.00.00.0EE27.025.520.922.0170.4185.713.915.6IE0.00.00.00.0228.9223.70.00.0EL1.21.92.12.227.131.229.835.9ES0.00.00.00.05.66.245.949.2FR135.5152.9146.4171.90.00.093.598.6HR11.512.511.113.284.392.0285.2307.3IT0.0205.3216.9231.420.516.759.161.2CY0.00.00.10.19.310.130.732.5LV31.928.725.528.6153.7174.2173.1201.7LT42.840.031.931.7LU0.53.12.44.0HU69.253.050.245.3MT0.00.00.00.0NL172.4159.9121.3104.8AT47.778.282.783.8PL340.7335.1280.1286.2PT5.621.119.520.9RO189.799.176.661.4SI9.49.88.79.1SK36.848.536.631.3FI147.5206.9172.5170.1SE131.0204.6183.5186.3onlyHeatsold,asconsideredcurrentlyintheenergybalancessource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices113PART2EnergyintheEU2.9.1GrossHeatGenerationBYFUEL2021PJGrossHeatEU27_2020GenerationShare-%Solidfossilfuels,peat,oilshale&BEsandsBGOilandCZpetroleumDKproductsDENaturalgasandEEmanufacturedIEgasesELNuclearESRenewablesFRandbiofuelsHRWastesnon-RESITandothersCYLV2344.7472.074.7882.73.9768.0141.2LT100.0%20.1%3.2%37.6%0.2%32.8%6.0%LUHU20.70.00.015.00.03.62.1MT38.76.30.2NL119.959.70.123.00.78.51.5AT136.38.914.3PL462.6102.11.343.40.913.043.5PT22.71.80.9RO0.01.514.20.095.40.0SI0.01.70.0SK2.00.06.3232.20.078.60.0FI0.04.518.4SE185.70.00.25.10.014.70.015.60.05.4223.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.031.20.10.00.30.00.02.235.90.00.16.20.90.00.00.00.01.249.20.00.00.01.79.170.40.083.38.698.60.16.592.0229.30.110.70.04.73.7307.30.00.016.79.524.4157.80.036.20.061.24.50.210.13.80.00.00.00.00.232.535.66.4174.21.40.113.40.017.725.8201.70.58.00.025.10.01.60.04.50.038.90.47.80.00.00.00.07.655.50.025.33.333.90.048.25.245.70.023.50.216.50.00.02.845.00.04.00.23.20.02.00.418.62.07.48.721.80.0101.73.08.50.0162.9source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices114EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.9.1GrossHeatGenerationEU27_2020EU27_2020–TOTAL–1990-2021(PJ)30002500200015001000500019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021EU27_2020–GROSSHEATGENERATION–1990-2021(PJ)1600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Solidfossilfuels,peat,NuclearWastesnon-RESoilshaleandsandsRenewablesandbiofuelsOthersOilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgasandmanufacturedgasessource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices115PART2EnergyintheEU2.10Transport2.10.1FuelsFinalConsumptionPETROLEUMPRODUCTSANDBIOFUELSktoeFinalconsumption1990petroleum1995products2000LPG2001Motor2002gasoline2003Gas/Dieseloil2004Final2005consumption2006biofuels2007Biogasoline2008Biodiesel2009201032123016192111718193320606201133694417423113998205523218251892012355244194651103812253977135964020133665911934410874423850284066756201436310719100107019236988111315993220153666471909210348224407414332431160201636925319156100230249867196330616132017367904194082527513270550253220183658861877195746254710546584939092019353704181819240424617176571100572020203552781806989352252526935517077183202133978517680846832406311104920848681337044180398147424218412442249697013276711715776821236638129752552103113168701675173877230827137952491112543146901686069292230950123102314994931068216179668802279131330723031093631487216217665912333381333023451092731930916608653182370391318323061080732305616333656632406991444124371194032117916862660242380711607226231333232311016597662462388431663627251378529104115184676692176511688626781403030714815648582062278561772130471451963644EU27_2020–FUELSCONSUMPTIONINTHETRANSPORTSECTOR–1990-2021(ktoe)25000020000015000010000050000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021LPGGas/DieseloilBiodieselMotorGasolineBiogasolinesource:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices116EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.10.2BiofuelsShareinTransportFuelsEU27_2020–BYFUELProductionTotalBiofuelsPurebiogasolinePurebiodieselofliquidbiofuelsintotaltransportliquidfuelsofBiogasolineinMotorGasoline%ofBiodieselinGas/DieselOil%19906ktoe60.0%%0.0%1991770.0%0.0%1992200160.0%0.0%0.0%1993470250.0%0.0%0.0%19941332960.0%0.0%0.1%1995222181880.1%0.0%0.1%1996314252700.1%0.0%0.1%1997403253400.1%0.0%0.2%1998385393120.1%0.0%0.1%1999442543710.1%0.0%0.2%2000639635640.2%0.1%0.3%2001792596960.2%0.1%0.3%20021108609180.3%0.1%0.4%200314607111450.4%0.1%0.5%2004213916017160.5%0.1%0.6%2005322926424450.9%0.2%1.0%2006503631232981.5%0.3%1.5%2007671138346212.2%0.6%2.3%2008810263659752.6%0.9%2.8%2009999486575213.3%1.2%3.6%201011158128286143.7%2.0%4.0%201110314153881564.0%2.6%4.4%201211111172887034.4%3.2%4.9%201312144182493993.9%3.5%4.3%2014135282103110444.3%3.6%4.8%2015133152408107074.2%3.5%4.7%2016129622188102894.1%3.5%4.6%2017141142274114084.5%3.6%5.0%2018149222240120125.0%3.5%5.6%2019158362264129355.1%3.7%5.8%2020154012368124865.8%4.0%6.4%2021158692363128465.8%4.0%6.4%22894.6%24184.8%source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices117PART2EnergyintheEU2.10.2BiofuelsEU27-2020–PRODUCTIONBIOFUELS–1990-2021(ktoe)18000TotalBiofuels16000Purebiogasoline14000Purebiodiesel12000100008000600040002000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021EU27_2020–BIOFUELSSHAREINTRANSPORTLIQUIDFUELS–1990-2021(%)10%9%8%7%6%5%4%3%2%1%0%ofliquidbiofuelsintotaltransportliquidfuelsofBiogasolineinMotorGasoline[%]ofBiodieselinGas/DieselOil[%]source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices11819901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.11EnergyEfficiency2.11.1PrimaryEnergyConsumption2020-2030ALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_20201396.41457.61352.71354.11235.81311.1Index2000100%104%97%97%88%94%BE52.453.445.748.443.948.817.218.6BG17.717.418.018.237.639.615.516.4CZ39.142.539.439.7262.2268.7DK19.119.916.816.94.34.513.513.9DE317.1315.2295.9285.219.220.3105.0112.1EE4.65.84.84.8208.0224.8IE13.714.714.014.77.88.3132.3145.3EL27.227.223.422.32.22.3ES114.5123.0118.2120.64.34.56.26.6FR239.0254.5244.3235.13.94.223.924.9HR7.88.98.08.20.70.858.560.8IT166.1167.3149.1145.929.831.696.9104.0CY2.32.72.32.519.519.530.933.1LV3.84.64.34.66.16.315.216.4LT6.56.25.86.329.931.541.343.5LU3.64.64.14.5HU23.624.623.324.6MT0.80.90.80.9NL66.971.764.063.6AT27.532.931.732.3PL84.896.690.1100.2PT23.022.721.622.1RO34.932.930.732.1SI6.37.06.36.5SK16.416.715.216.0FI31.635.431.232.1SE46.048.343.845.8PRIMARYENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030–EU27_20201990-2021(Mtoe)1600140012001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021ThisindicatorshouldbeusedalsofortrackingprogresstowardsEurope2020/2030energyefficiencytargets.ThisindicatorisinlinetothepreviousEurostatmethodology,whichwasusedtocalculatethetargets.source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices119PART2EnergyintheEU2.11.2FinalEnergyConsumption2020-2030ALLFUELSMtoe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020979.81024.5957.9986.0906.3968.4Index2000100%98%101%92%99%105%BE37.738.236.035.833.235.9BG9.18.89.59.99.510.2CZ25.125.324.225.324.526.2DK14.715.514.214.313.113.8DE220.2223.0212.7214.7202.3209.9EE2.42.92.82.92.82.8IE10.811.911.312.411.211.4EL18.719.116.616.214.415.2ES80.089.680.586.573.880.3FR154.8154.0148.0145.1129.7143.6HR6.07.26.66.96.57.0IT124.8128.5116.2115.4102.7113.3CY1.61.91.71.91.61.7LV3.34.13.84.13.94.1LT3.84.84.95.65.35.7LU3.54.34.04.43.84.1HU16.217.517.418.618.019.1MT0.40.50.60.70.50.6NL52.455.648.649.445.046.9AT23.728.027.528.326.127.8PL55.166.362.373.771.175.2PT18.018.116.017.115.015.7RO22.722.521.823.923.525.4SI4.65.14.74.94.44.7SK11.011.510.111.210.411.6FI24.426.224.225.523.424.9SE35.034.031.831.630.531.7FINALENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030–EU27_2020ALLFUELS–1990-202112001000800600400200019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021ThisindicatorshouldbeusedalsofortrackingprogresstowardsEurope2020/2030energyefficiencytargets.ThisindicatorisinlinetothepreviousEurostatmethodology,whichwasusedtocalculatethetargets.source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices120EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.11.3EnergyIntensityALLFUELStoe/M€'2015200020102015201920202021EU27_2020147134119110107107Index200091%81%75%73%73%100%126122126BE180155129364358360221219225BG680418408585455CZ363292248959192203187177DK827963453935128122119DE134122105106106106107103104EE376338235171176163909091IE1007954116106105168161162EL154131137180176173766768ES142121114201206201696460FR1391291181019997939393HR239208188206204203119116111IT10510394169170171148146139CY173142128190190196149143146LV2692231781009293LT363228192LU1009577HU306261223MT13412276NL135130111AT10410798PL352276223PT146130131RO398251199SI225191167SK410250203FI185175155SE145123103ENERGYINTENSITY–ALLFUELS–1990-2021EU27_2020[TOE/M€'2015]20018016014012010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:Eurostat,DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,April2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices121PART2EnergyintheEU2.11.4EnergyConsumptionperCapitaGROSSINLANDCONSUMPTION(ALLFUELS)PERPOPULATIONkgoe/cap200020102015201920202021EU27_2020349635383264326629963179Index2000100%101%93%93%86%91%BE5805559947774896446449152790BG2275241425942692256639962886CZ4017434639904032377135583464DK3658367330502975273928572014DE4168413539183712342525023574EE3361444336903711338421542594IE3804331130453056277026892419EL2589254922182196190828436659ES3065279926462702236228141548FR4227417139133742331942553820HR1883220120132156204628962092IT3066298825622598237417863103CY3511337027152998257132596093LV162321832205242122864579LT20932254245927922732LU84339250742274056339HU24682655255727332676MT20802266172418261479NL49345198452744064136AT36524171392839243633PL23322672252227932713PT24762306227423262079RO16371725160417101667SI33013544315132313025SK32843286300031233013FI63366875596962005814SE53845402482648604334ENERGYPERCAPITA–EU27_20201990-2021(kgoe/cap)4000350030002500200015001000500019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices122EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.11.5FinalElectricityConsumptionperCapitaALLFUELSkWh/cap200020102015201920202021EU27_2020620167626538650162266499Index2000100%109%105%105%100%105%BE820587016162813777208651BG499662846831632158586872CZ714882037953816376167938DK675770215113508449345659DE701777147962729369007055EE607597237718574845745417IE634762326070631365016366EL499751634778453445025124ES554764836043581955615781FR891888028710849178998199HR250834632699313032983768IT484650904645490246954870CY488164975354587054615714LV173731252786335330013088LT322717501598134219011748LU269091454913310935683483HU344337323074349735613697MT493151052967417341654292NL563471866438699070536959AT765285157605837881507919PL379441444337431241614745PT427051155052517251554950RO229630053336307128943097SI685480317320773782027528SK577151614944521152785487FI134951501712491123941249512987SE163931590316631164651586416552FINALELECTRICITYCONSUMPTIONPERCAPITA–EU27_2020ALLFUELS–1990-2021[kwh/cap]80007000600050004000300020001000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021source:EurostatApril2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices123PART2EnergyintheEU2.11.6PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030ALLFUELStoe/M€'2015200020102015201920202021EU27_20201371251111029899Index200091%81%74%100%72%72%BE159137110108104109BG644406392351345347CZ344273233204205208DK817862565353DE12411398888484EE363333231198179171IE957753443834EL150126133121115112ES13111411010199100FR1301221111009697HR221194176159165155IT1009890848486CY167137127112102101LV264220174164157158LT323199155145143144LU999577766767HU287242207185188183MT13412175676258NL11510893848080AT9810192868586PL335262210195192193PT132121120110106101RO377236192163163165SI217185163144141135SK378235190178175181FI179168148140134136SE14011896928585PRIMARYENERGYINTENSITY–ALLFUELS–EU27_20201990-2021(toe/M€'2015)18016014012010080604020019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021ratiobetweenprimaryenergyconsumption2020-2030andGDPchainlinked2015Source:Eurostat,DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,April2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices124EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.11.7GreenhouseGas(GHG)IntensityofEnergyALLFUELSkgCO2/toe200020102015201920202021EU27_2020302827462708255425072491Index2000100%91%89%84%83%82%BE258422722299216921562034BG309733473267290427172823CZ370331263097292028292792DK381533003029280727482677DE309528292897267626142632EE372035813736300025522766IE497843394512430443804435EL463142964104382837563720ES316828232833259424932505FR214220782178206523412062HR305230062936289128992846IT325430102924279727462750CY380737603986380939023861LV265926432533250224482397LT266729542845264826682577LU358822833423282733923137HU301625292490245724212359MT349332794310349942784088NL293826112692253923822354AT281724912403238523182309PL443040284025367836253672PT333429673031287227912717RO388136333697350034813372SI287127392614257025242465SK276925942525236122672323FI217721011746161915161444SE147413181185107210531027GHGINTENSITYOFENERGY–1990-2021(kgCO2/toe)EU27_20204000350030002500200015001000500019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices125PART2EnergyintheEU2.12RenewableEnergy(RES)Indicators2.12.1RenewableEnergy(RES)SharesOVERALLANDHEATING&COOLING%OverallRenewableshare(withRES-H&C-RenewableHeatingEU27_2020aviationcap)[%]andCooling[%]2005201520202021200520152020202110.2%17.8%22.0%21.8%12.4%20.3%23.0%22.9%BE2.3%8.1%13.0%13.0%3.4%7.9%8.4%9.2%BG9.2%18.3%23.3%17.0%14.3%28.9%37.2%25.6%CZ7.1%15.1%17.3%17.7%10.8%19.8%23.5%24.2%DK16.0%30.5%31.7%34.7%22.6%39.5%51.1%41.5%DE7.2%14.9%19.1%19.2%7.7%13.4%14.5%15.4%EE17.5%29.0%30.1%38.0%32.4%50.0%58.8%61.3%IE2.8%9.1%16.2%12.5%3.4%6.2%6.3%5.2%EL7.3%15.7%21.7%21.9%13.4%26.6%31.9%31.1%ES8.4%16.2%21.2%20.7%9.4%16.9%18.0%17.4%FR9.3%14.8%19.1%19.3%12.4%18.9%23.4%24.2%HR23.7%29.0%31.0%31.3%30.0%38.6%36.9%38.0%IT7.5%17.5%20.4%19.0%8.2%19.3%19.9%19.7%CY3.1%9.9%16.9%18.4%10.0%24.1%37.1%41.3%LV32.3%37.5%42.1%42.1%42.7%51.7%57.1%57.4%LT16.8%25.7%26.8%28.2%29.3%46.1%50.4%48.6%LU1.4%5.0%11.7%11.7%3.6%6.9%12.6%12.9%HU6.9%14.5%13.9%14.1%9.9%21.3%17.7%17.9%MT0.1%5.1%10.7%12.2%1.0%14.6%23.0%31.4%NL2.5%5.7%14.0%13.0%2.4%5.3%8.1%7.8%AT24.4%33.5%36.5%36.4%22.8%33.2%35.0%35.5%PL6.9%11.9%16.1%15.6%10.2%14.8%22.1%21.0%PT19.5%30.5%34.0%34.0%32.1%40.1%41.5%42.7%RO17.6%24.8%24.5%23.6%17.9%25.9%25.3%24.5%SI19.8%22.9%25.0%25.0%26.4%36.2%32.1%35.2%SK6.4%12.9%17.3%17.4%5.0%10.8%19.4%19.5%FI28.8%39.2%43.9%43.1%39.1%52.6%57.6%52.6%SE40.0%52.2%60.1%62.6%49.0%63.2%66.4%68.6%oftheGrossFinalEnergy'BreakinSeriesBetween2010and2011duetotheApplicationoftheBiofuelsComplianceRulessource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices126EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.12.1RenewableEnergy(RES)SharesELECTRICITYANDTRANSPORT%RES-ERES-TEU27_2020RenewableElectricityGenerationRenewableEnergyinTransport2005201520202021200520152020202116.4%29.7%37.4%37.6%1.8%6.8%10.3%9.1%BE2.4%15.6%25.1%26.0%0.7%3.9%11.0%10.3%BG8.7%19.0%23.6%18.8%0.9%6.5%9.1%7.6%CZ3.8%14.1%14.8%14.5%1.1%6.5%9.4%7.5%DK24.6%51.3%65.3%62.6%0.4%6.4%9.7%10.5%DE10.6%30.9%44.2%43.7%4.0%6.6%10.0%8.0%EE1.1%16.2%28.3%29.3%0.2%0.4%12.2%11.2%IE7.2%25.7%39.1%36.4%0.1%5.9%10.2%4.3%EL8.2%22.1%35.9%35.9%0.1%1.1%5.3%4.3%ES19.2%37.0%42.9%46.0%1.3%1.1%9.5%9.2%FR13.7%18.8%24.8%25.0%0.8%8.4%9.2%8.2%HR35.2%45.4%53.8%53.5%1.0%2.4%6.6%7.0%IT16.3%33.5%38.1%36.0%1.0%6.5%10.7%10.0%CY0.0%8.4%12.0%14.8%0.0%2.5%7.4%7.2%LV43.0%52.2%53.4%51.4%2.4%3.6%6.7%6.4%LT3.8%15.5%20.2%21.3%0.7%4.6%5.5%6.5%LU3.2%6.2%13.9%14.2%0.2%6.7%12.6%8.0%HU4.4%7.3%11.9%13.7%1.0%7.2%11.6%6.2%MT0.0%4.3%9.5%9.7%0.0%4.7%10.6%10.6%NL6.3%11.0%26.4%33.4%0.5%5.6%12.6%9.0%AT62.9%71.5%78.2%76.2%5.1%11.4%10.3%9.4%PL2.5%13.4%16.2%17.2%1.7%5.7%6.6%5.7%PT27.7%52.6%58.0%58.4%0.5%7.4%9.7%8.6%RO28.8%43.2%43.4%42.5%1.9%5.5%8.5%7.7%SI28.7%32.7%35.1%35.0%0.8%2.2%10.9%10.6%SK15.7%22.7%23.1%22.4%1.7%8.6%9.3%8.8%FI26.9%32.2%39.6%39.5%0.9%24.6%14.3%20.7%SE50.9%65.7%74.5%75.7%6.6%21.5%31.9%30.4%oftheGrossFinalEnergy'BreakinSeriesBetween2010and2011duetotheApplicationoftheBiofuelsComplianceRulessource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices127PART2EnergyintheEU2.12.1RenewableEnergy(RES)SharesINTHEGROSSFINALENERGYCONSUMPTION–EU27_2020(%)40%OverallRenewableshare(withaviationcap)[%]32.1%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingandCooling[%]35%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingandCooling[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingandCooling[%]30%25%21.6%20%19.1%15%10%8.3%5%0%20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021BreakinSeriesBetween2010and2011duetotheApplicationoftheBiofuelsComplianceRulessource:Eurostat-RESSHARESMarch2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices128EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.13EnergyPricesandTaxes2.13.1PricesofTransportFuelsAUTOMOTIVEDIESELOIL–ALLTAXESINCLUDEDCurrentPrices(€/litre)200520102015202020212022EU27_20201.001.151.191.161.291.75BE0.991.141.161.291.421.88BG0.981.130.920.981.44CZ0.931.211.151.061.131.71DK1.031.211.281.221.341.89DE1.061.201.181.111.311.90EE0.801.101.081.101.191.70IE1.031.221.261.201.321.82EL0.891.241.181.191.301.74ES0.901.071.121.071.181.67FR1.021.141.151.261.371.81HR1.161.161.291.68IT1.111.211.411.321.421.76CY0.841.001.231.111.201.61LV0.801.061.061.051.171.66LT0.821.021.071.001.101.64LU0.840.991.020.971.141.68HU1.021.161.161.061.191.35MT0.881.041.271.241.211.21NL1.021.151.241.241.391.91AT0.951.101.121.051.161.69PL0.921.061.081.011.121.44PT0.941.151.191.241.361.77RO1.031.200.961.081.55SI0.911.151.181.061.191.50SK0.971.111.141.071.161.58FI0.971.131.311.261.452.06SE1.081.251.371.381.562.29Source:DGEnergy,MemberStates,WeeklyOilBulletinMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices129PART2EnergyintheEU2.13.1PricesofTransportFuelsEURO-SUPER95–ALLTAXESINCLUDEDCurrentPrices(€/litre)200520102015202020212022EU27_20201.131.311.351.281.431.85BE1.221.401.371.281.401.821.001.43BG1.021.100.931.191.711.612.10CZ0.951.251.151.071.501.971.351.83DK1.211.441.501.451.421.861.572.05DE1.221.391.401.291.311.781.491.88EE0.801.111.111.251.341.651.551.88IE1.051.301.371.291.171.511.271.76EL0.891.431.481.451.201.701.251.70ES0.961.161.231.181.171.281.341.34FR1.161.341.361.361.732.161.201.70HR1.261.201.131.411.551.92IT1.221.361.541.431.101.511.151.48CY0.861.041.231.081.321.681.592.15LV0.811.091.131.141.530.00LT0.831.181.161.10LU1.021.161.181.08HU1.051.221.161.02MT0.941.191.361.37NL1.351.491.561.57AT1.031.191.201.08PL1.001.131.111.00PT1.151.371.431.39RO1.061.200.95SI0.921.201.291.07SK0.961.251.291.18FI1.221.431.471.41SE1.181.341.411.35Source:DGEnergy,MemberStates,WeeklyOilBulletinMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices130EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.13.1PricesofTransportFuelsCONSUMERPRICESOFPETROLEUMPRODUCTSEUWEIGHTEDAVERAGE(€PERLITRE)2500Euro-Super95AutomotiveDieselOilHeatingGasOilLPG2000150010005000AllTaxesIncluded,weeklypricesIncompleteseriesfortheperiod2005-2013duetolateraccesiontotheEUofBulgaria,CroatiaandRomaniaSource:DGEnergy,MemberStates,WeeklyOilBulletinMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices131200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022PART2EnergyintheEU2.13.2FuelPrices–DomesticConsumersGAS–BANDD220GJ<CONSUMPTION<200GJ–2NDSEMESTER€/GJ(GCV)200920102015201920202021EU27_202015.5017.2220.1420.0519.3121.72BE14.3316.7817.2415.9213.8418.7819.65BG9.6711.9810.8612.279.6715.4034.64CZ13.1114.3516.2116.3215.5119.2320.82DK23.6426.8124.4821.4120.7421.7428.16DE16.3515.8618.9316.3317.2130.0621.89EE10.0711.1410.6812.3811.4311.0427.91IE15.2914.6320.1121.2219.4912.01EL20.8316.3014.3711.3817.76ES14.8815.0026.5728.3524.718.47FR16.2015.9820.3523.3120.8730.47HR9.1010.5412.7611.2810.4919.3013.13IT14.8421.8625.1325.9624.9221.4613.19CY16.3211.75LV10.5211.2813.479.747.7757.18LT11.2912.5912.1211.278.21LU12.8213.1313.4011.4910.17HU13.2315.389.789.298.56MTNL18.7319.9922.3026.8028.05AT17.2316.7119.7518.7318.23PL12.7814.0413.8412.9111.65PT16.5217.4927.2821.5621.74RO7.457.739.459.238.90SI14.9618.6816.9115.5915.26SK13.2112.3913.7413.3513.33FISE26.1229.4832.5832.4339.50AllTaxesandleviesIncludedPricesfromsecondsemestereachyearsource:EurostatJune2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices132EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.13.2FuelPrices–DomesticConsumersELECTRICITY–BANDDC2500kWh<CONSUMPTION<5000kWh2NDSEMESTER€/100kWh200920102015201920202021EU27_202016.7717.7720.8921.6821.3223.69BE18.6419.7423.5228.6027.0229.9410.91BG8.188.309.579.589.8218.8334.48CZ15.3315.4914.0817.7017.9532.3419.39DK25.5527.0830.4229.2428.1929.7419.74DE22.9424.3829.4628.7830.0628.1620.22EE9.2010.0412.9114.1112.9113.1323.60IE18.5518.7524.5425.4626.1623.0418.86EL10.3212.1117.7115.5116.4114.7719.89ES16.8418.5123.7023.9422.9810.0113.18FR12.0713.5016.8219.1319.5814.4922.85HR11.6411.5313.1213.2413.0715.7421.70IT19.9719.2024.2823.4121.5316.0217.11CY16.4220.2118.3822.3616.9816.2418.40LV10.5410.4816.5016.4014.3226.04LT9.2612.1612.4312.5413.21LU18.8217.4717.6717.9919.85HU16.6215.7411.4510.9710.09MT15.1316.5312.6913.0413.01NL19.0617.8918.4620.5513.61AT19.0919.3019.8320.7421.67PL12.9113.8214.1813.7615.10PT15.9416.6622.8521.8121.33RO9.7910.5213.1914.2114.49SI13.4114.2616.3116.6616.94SK15.6016.3715.1715.8517.24FI12.8913.7015.3017.8317.73SE16.4619.5818.7420.5220.17AllTaxesandleviesIncludedPricesfromsecondsemestereachyearsource:EurostatJune2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices133PART2EnergyintheEU2.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumersGAS–BANDI310000GJ<CONSUMPTION<100000GJ2NDSEMESTER€/GJ(GCV)200920102015201920202021EU27_20208.619.429.538.537.7311.55BE8.508.207.946.325.769.4514.11BG5.968.417.497.755.609.12CZ7.5610.078.177.957.0121.9910.54DK6.8510.7210.198.388.1918.6115.49DE9.6111.0910.478.328.0213.87EE6.397.857.549.266.889.3814.00IE7.318.8010.288.948.7310.6111.17EL10.009.285.9212.53ES7.538.088.818.536.5219.9712.67FR8.809.6910.1910.229.7112.83HR7.4310.959.748.327.5112.4713.24IT7.838.348.878.227.2311.43CY9.3712.15LV7.698.848.177.765.8912.74LT7.559.406.057.635.919.1328.03LU10.0311.7210.337.907.8828.47HU10.069.939.387.606.14MTNL9.728.628.917.907.72AT9.079.7810.508.608.31PL8.369.029.399.338.09PT7.229.2810.528.706.73RO5.936.118.058.766.78SI9.6111.8110.579.408.74SK8.9110.229.639.928.88FI8.009.1311.7315.4113.62SE12.4713.4311.619.9214.97ExcludingVATandotherrecoverabletaxesandleviesPricesfromsecondsemestereachyearsource:EurostatJune2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices134EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.13.3FuelPrices–IndustrialConsumersFUELSPRICES–INDUSTRIALCONSUMERSELECTRICITY-BANDIC:500MWH<CONSUMPTION<2000MWH2NDSEMESTER€/100kWh200920102015201920202021EU27_202010.1110.4211.4411.9012.5114.42BE10.7910.5410.8111.5211.8514.39BG6.396.647.828.688.4315.64CZ11.2210.817.837.848.429.05DK9.209.618.996.816.8611.64DE11.3411.9014.9316.0818.1818.60EE6.457.279.589.158.7315.26IE11.7511.3113.5713.2813.3918.81EL9.3610.2611.5010.8410.5922.38ES11.2010.9311.3311.0411.7514.59FR6.487.169.519.509.5410.18HR9.049.049.2810.5510.2311.42IT13.7014.4315.9716.1615.1418.53CY14.9417.3014.1218.0013.6419.46LV8.939.0711.8310.7010.5513.51LT7.9010.469.979.4510.2613.96LU11.5810.248.939.049.389.74HU12.9710.538.709.549.4010.32MT12.9118.1014.0513.5513.4214.01NL10.619.708.468.9910.3512.38AT11.6211.2810.4710.8811.8412.78PL9.339.878.618.2810.7711.04PT9.449.2011.5411.5911.1411.86RO8.288.088.0210.1410.1912.93SI9.6210.058.709.539.769.99SK14.0311.9811.2213.1713.1613.45FI6.836.837.067.217.598.00SE6.898.415.906.946.729.82ExcludingVATandotherrecoverabletaxesandleviesPricesfromsecondsemestereachyearsource:EurostatJune2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices1353Socio-EconomicindicatorsintheEU3Socio-EconomicindicatorsintheEUEUENERGYINFIGURES2023Summary3.1ClassificationoftheEnergySector������������������������������������1403.1.1ComparativeTableEurostat(NACE)andUN(ISIC)Classifications�1403.2EnterprisesintheEnergySector���������������������������������������1413.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySector�����������������������1413.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySector����������������������������������������1453.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEmployedintheenergysector�1493.3-Economy���������������������������������������������������������������������������1533.3.1GDPatCurrentMarketPrices����������������������������������������1533.3.2GDPperCapitaatCurrentMarketPrices���������������������������1543.3.3GDPat2015MarketPrices�������������������������������������������1553.3.4GDPperCapitaat2015MarketPrices������������������������������1563.4Demography��������������������������������������������������������������������1573.4.1Population���������������������������������������������������������������1573.5-Employment���������������������������������������������������������������������1583.5.1TotalPersonsEmployed�����������������������������������������������1583.5.2EmploymentRate������������������������������������������������������1593.5.3UneploymentRate������������������������������������������������������160139PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.1ClassificationoftheEnergySector3.1.1ComparativeTableEurostat(NACE)andUN(ISIC)Classifica-tionsEUROSTAT(NACE)ANDUN(ISIC)CLASSIFICATIONSNACErev2ISIC4B05:MiningofCoalandLignite05.1005.10:MiningofHardCoal05.2005.20:MiningofLigniteB06:ExtractionofCrudePetroleumandNaturalGas06.1006.10:ExtractionofCrudePetroleum06.2006.20:ExtractionofNaturalGasB07:MiningofMetalOres07.2107.21:MiningofUraniumandThoriumOresB08:OtherMiningandQuarrying08.9208.92:ExtractionofPeatB09:MiningSupportServiceActivities09.1009.10:SupportActivitiesforPetroleumandNaturalGasExtractionC19:ManufactureofCokeandRefinedPetroleumProducts19.1019.10:ManufactureofCokeOvenProducts19.2019.20:ManufactureofRefinedPetroleumProductsD35:Electricity,Gas,SteamandAirConditioningSupply35.1035.11:ProductionofElectricityPowerGeneration,HydroelectricPowerGeneration,FossilFuelPowerGeneration,NuclearElectricPowerGeneration,SolarElectricPowerGeneration,WindElectricPowerGeneration,GeothermalElectricPowerGeneration,BiomassElectricPowerGeneration,Tidal35.12:TransmissionofElectricity35.13:DistributionofElectricity35.14:TradeofElectricity35.21:ManufactureofGas35.2035.22:DistributionofGaseousFuelsthroughMains35.23:TradeofGasthroughMains35.30:SteamandAirConditioningSupply35.30BroadDefinition,TheNarrowDefinitiononlyIncludesDivisionD35Source:Eurostat,UN,July2019140EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.2EnterprisesintheEnergySector3.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySectorENTERPRISESSURVEYEU27_2020B05-Miningofcoalandlignite201520202021245146140B06-Extractionofcrudepetroleumandnatural220202246gas421981964892B0721-Miningofuraniumandthoriumores85110401022B0892-Extractionofpeat866876780B091-Supportactivitiesforpetroleumand96893naturalgasextraction16616417429689157C19-Manufactureofcokeandrefinedpetro-72187155000162138leumproducts145912153086229D35-Electricity,gas,steamandaircondition-1515597649ingsupply319228682598187052755165D351-Electricpowergeneration,transmission55505472anddistribution599421340205359D3511-Productionofelectricity5359572535735645D3512-Transmissionofelectricity5960601459606014D3513-DistributionofelectricityD3514-TradeofelectricityD352-Manufactureofgas;distributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3521-ManufactureofgasD3522-DistributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3523-TradeofgasthroughmainsD353-SteamandairconditioningsupplyD3530-SteamandairconditioningsupplyBroadsector-no.ofenterprisesreported100060169394177377Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes141PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySectorNUMBEROFENTERPRISESENTERPRISESSURVEYMiningofCoalandLignite(B05)ExtractionofCrudePetroleumandNaturalGas(B06)20102015202020211461402010201520202021EU27_2020245220202246BE0000000BG232216167444CZ1212885555DK00009121414DE67274495EE00001222IE0EL121073ES4881645141911FR6103218HR10004400IT0003121211CY00000000LV00001211LT00004455LU00000000HU914441381010MT00000000NL000048413939AT00002222PL4862343354622323PT00000000RO3527131321382225SI21111122SK00FI00000000SE000000Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes142EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySectorNUMBEROFENTERPRISESENTERPRISESSURVEYExtractionofPeat(B08.92)SupportActivitiesforPetroleumandNaturalGasExtraction(B09.1)EU27_20202010201520202021985981964940201020152020202154085110401022BE00090BG10461479CZ179107667DK42223555706DE749187707570EE3941394000159IE393435360EL009743ES6710646384FR23397836542038HR000074420IT124524CY000030LV499114097020LT242621240000LU00000000HU151312124037300MT000031NL766611625139411AT7543877394PL45324043901041467PT1111146146RO853491106975SI0000322100SK42532FI463450433445000SE827053544563360Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes143PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.1NumberofEnterprisesintheEnergySectorNUMBEROFENTERPRISESENTERPRISESSURVEYEU27_2020ManufactureofCokeandRefinedElectricity,Gas,SteamandAirPetroleumProducts(C19)ConditioningSupply(D35)2010201520202021201020152020202186687678096893166164174296BE221515301851774734BG171112121091174519262027CZ282523243267109961202511907DK53881681174514001516DE95549386172220596253172797EE5566223230348346IE403515760677EL740373410703692377544ES18141513098140441436214052FR5243171814337270622990429717HR171488234573565569IT32828129425040281077594549423CY334588793LV13161010381533506503LT6966253148813161252LU0001678011097HU986661161013251258MT31414NL42454646678113021122112AT45551878239024292200PL1651761211232047319239223938PT10181717745120948905342RO54444746885146010381073SI3433648153013651362SK294451637592FI15171616736907981987SE453421221828422121462164Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2023MethodologyandNotesintheannexes144EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySectorTURNOVERENTERPRISESSURVEYEU27_2020Mio€2015202020211060257566022B05-Miningofcoalandlignite847231857117884B06-Extractionofcrudepetroleumandnatural128817251380gas445552833213B0721-Miningofuraniumandthoriumores330409306897427128B0892-ExtractionofpeatB091-Supportactivitiesforpetroleumand131010113100001334919naturalgasextraction107622410957751107358C19-Manufactureofcokeandrefinedpetro-179021458001366809153408161169407leumproducts48033137481123809D35-Electricity,gas,steamandaircondition-263846418682394746185470183353174321ingsupply40832382759D351-Electricpowergeneration,transmission11726258462151276229154268139454anddistribution349393150030261D3511-Productionofelectricity349393150034267D3512-TransmissionofelectricityD3513-DistributionofelectricityD3514-TradeofelectricityD352-Manufactureofgas;distributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3521-ManufactureofgasD3522-DistributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3523-TradeofgasthroughmainsD353-SteamandairconditioningsupplyD3530-SteamandairconditioningsupplyBroadsector-turnoverreported174157916482311790545Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes145PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySectorTURNOVERENTERPRISESSURVEYMio€MiningofCoalandLignite(B05)ExtractionofCrudePetroleumandEU27_2020NaturalGas(B06)20102015202020211483810602575660222010201520202021847231857117884BE0000000BG3313492630CZ2812157810451000DK00007050389610971437DE3921216212661306276229785500EE0000245134149IEEL934065ES5962361780126232FR00728HR00000IT000462414639532333625CY00000000LV0000LT000069391818LU00000000HU79338133132145MT00000000NL0000348622673584396113AT0000PL5974575537613649PT00000000RO3582112841914246913598SISKFI00000000SE000Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes146EUENERGYINFIGURES20193.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySectorTURNOVERENTERPRISESSURVEYMio€ExtractionofPeat(B08.92)SupportActivitiesforPetroleumEU27_2020andNaturalGasExtraction(B09.1)201020152020202117001288172513802010201520202021445552833213BE0002BG10CZ73346DK633601787DE418400445459903932EE778490000IE1374101521EL002900ES11101213994652FR74524649302266322HR0000IT12552238338CY0000LV10115120400LT40610000LU00000000HU3556951332426MT0000NLAT14PL80378326294285PT11RO0132874638519340SI0000SK121FI5544724550000SE312917168443Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2023MethodologyandNotesintheannexes147PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.2TurnoverintheEnergySectorTURNOVERENTERPRISESSURVEYMio€ManufactureofCokeandRefinedElectricity,Gas,SteamandAirEU27_2020PetroleumProducts(C19)ConditioningSupply(D35)201020152020202120102015202020214774373304093068974271281116322131010113100001334919BE48074244775022643772369692845730246BG197372798357796310530CZ455837371409274618547154DK20378214873066732819DE12083210740874438100748426882537677582226594820EE1782542461921834176518621795IE7186801395277277EL153401481811001220405943196841531616999ES34773360513346059706937878077374781FR61248393832587819172109649110123111765113606HR3684435939663996IT46038355963029164912160950195056157691163622CY4782630689775LV182311208217711826LT3279237624262464LU0001951464734793034HU829865296760933222059167271216110391MT653NL3727234362231122481441197314092924130906AT72266232558629297359064353041317PL2757527045255262739442567478265271256915PT6767713146711569017842211191931419867RO3272337495672002312078131751350610522SI14034607670116231SK11351112841215616190FI14455124221324213076SE1122582791515828486262202236823107Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes148EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEmployedintheenergysectorNUMBEROFPERSONSDECLAREDASEMPLOYEDENTERPRISESSURVEYEU27_2020B05-Miningofcoalandlignite201520202021B06-Extractionofcrudepetroleumandnatural1482241118298412713656gas5662118800150B0721-Miningofuraniumandthoriumores10714912914855368160B0892-Extractionofpeat1337801137330B091-Supportactivitiesforpetroleumand1366966naturalgasextraction109070913100001023364C19-Manufactureofcokeandrefinedpetro-8092011060015482025leumproducts2228394616644083539357206381D35-Electricity,gas,steamandaircondition-39376194209129320ingsupply11195812095010226610013712390D351-Electricpowergeneration,transmission461261206835812anddistribution99864355102568025250140870D3511-Productionofelectricity91813615113973941664134979D3512-Transmissionofelectricity26052143299D3513-Distributionofelectricity143299D3514-TradeofelectricityD352-Manufactureofgas;distributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3521-ManufactureofgasD3522-DistributionofgaseousfuelsthroughmainsD3523-TradeofgasthroughmainsD353-SteamandairconditioningsupplyD3530-SteamandairconditioningsupplyBroadSector-EmploymentReported145681714497581613533Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes149PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEm-ployedintheenergysectorNUMBEROFPERSONSDECLAREDASEMPLOYEDENTERPRISESSURVEYEU27_2020MiningofCoalandLignite(B05)ExtractionofCrudePetroleumandNaturalGas(B06)2010201520202021148224111829841272010201520202021566211880013656BE0000000BG1326911995CZ24265187161245010351DK0000566105113121313DE336721746837543927EE0000304315231523IEEL316273355ES61051684276242368196FR282814HR000785200IT000121161268117671488CY00000000LV00001201313LT0000252212109109LU00000000HU11112454547568114114MT00000000NL00003173391328513224AT0000PL124925960768452872937PT00000000RO180111843261235305462348664365320SISK00FI00000000SE000Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes150EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEm-ployedintheenergysectorNUMBEROFPERSONSDECLAREDASEMPLOYEDENTERPRISESSURVEYExtractionofPeat(B08.92)SupportActivitiesforPetroleumandNaturalGasExtraction(B09.1)20102015202020212010201520202021107149129150EU27_202036816014855BE0009BG525514251212CZ713636421DK158718751835DE200317621667165424591525EE1153963000IE75352953115EL00276480ES48364239191119152FR248130127177110386HR0000227355IT122121881527CY00000LV19772158234322000200LT112611490000LU00000000HU11697696210891062216217MT0000NL22104243239AT27PL6584082463839133990PT1011RO262545596267677155645127SI0000SK11454FI1845197719230000SE3061658798754848Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes151PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.2.3NumberofPersonsDeclaredasEm-ployedintheenergysectorNUMBEROFPERSONSDECLAREDASEMPLOYEDENTERPRISESSURVEYManufactureofCokeandRefinedElectricity,Gas,SteamandAirPetroleumProducts(C19)ConditioningSupply(D35)20102015202020212010201520202021EU27_20201137330133780109070913100001366966BE40916222735119193202932150623179BG20782474247434191317513143528473CZ274731480345364027139445DK11235138151294412076DE19452223022190121946221264224669381463411043EE14061679119311935681494948144646IE911788461091811543EL433335885129378222834257643071133583ES895484531306148687397644485847226FR15095170194190364198695195585HR2629006900616619148931466315007IT164931106511791828686414891099000187708CY382470213022292356LV126526261090711344965710430LT15876135221199913755LU0001196152918281835HU6329569110548902525715246013282037803MT10226NL590852995579509122882279692964541253AT11802516251228685291683287330951PL13623134952102419717162409128183151869165366PT1971183018721846949695891385211017RO39602560188772068281111723336445665753SI268207895886597956SK20034178731729918891FI13463133681420612734SE2879318231115313793613437127Italics,blue:DGENERestimatessource:Eurostat,StructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes152EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.3Economy3.3.1GDPatCurrentMarketPricesMrdEUR200520102015201920202021EU27_20209563.510979.512211.514016.513411.814475.1BE310.0363.1416.7478.2456.7506.2BG24.038.145.761.661.367.9CZ110.3157.9169.6225.6215.8238.2DK212.8243.2273.0309.5311.8336.7DE2288.32564.43026.23473.33405.43601.8EE11.314.920.827.726.830.7IE170.2167.7262.9356.7372.8426.3EL199.2224.1176.1183.3165.3182.8ES927.41072.71077.61244.41121.91205.1FR1765.91995.32198.42437.62310.52500.9HR36.545.244.655.650.257.2IT1493.61611.31655.41796.61657.01775.4CY15.019.417.923.021.623.4LV13.817.924.630.629.532.9LT21.028.037.348.949.555.4LU30.040.252.162.764.273.3HU90.999.6112.7146.1137.4154.1MT5.26.810.014.013.114.7NL550.9639.2690.0813.1796.5856.4AT254.1295.9344.3397.5379.3402.7PL246.2362.2430.5533.6526.4574.4PT158.6179.6179.7214.4200.1211.3RO79.2125.5160.1223.2218.9240.2SI29.136.438.948.446.952.0SK39.468.279.894.092.197.1FI164.7188.1211.4239.9238.0251.4SE315.8374.7455.5476.9480.6537.8UnitsinMilliard-LongScale=1000Million€Source:DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,AMECO,April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes153PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.3.2GDPperCapitaatCurrentMarketPricesGDPPERCAPITAATCURRENTMARKETPRICESThousandEUR/cap200520102015201920202021EU27_202022.024.927.531.430.032.4BE29.733.537.141.739.643.8BG3.15.16.38.88.89.8CZ10.815.116.121.220.222.3DK39.343.948.253.353.557.7DE27.731.337.341.840.943.3EE8.311.115.820.920.223.1IE41.436.956.272.775.185.1EL18.220.216.217.115.417.1ES21.423.123.226.523.725.4FR28.130.933.136.334.337.0HR8.510.510.613.612.414.2IT25.827.227.230.027.830.0CY20.523.721.126.324.326.2LV6.18.412.416.015.417.4LT6.38.912.817.517.719.8LU65.180.092.5102.1102.6115.5HU9.09.911.415.014.115.8MT12.816.522.728.525.428.5NL33.838.640.847.045.849.0AT31.035.440.144.942.645.1PL6.49.511.314.113.915.2PT15.117.017.320.919.420.5RO3.76.28.111.511.312.5SI14.617.818.823.322.424.7SK7.312.614.717.316.917.8FI31.435.238.643.543.145.4SE35.040.146.746.646.551.81000€'perCapitaSource:DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,AMECO,April2022Source:Eurostat,Demographyandmigration,April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes154EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.3.3GDPat2015MarketPricesGDPAT2015MARKETPRICESMrdEUR200520102015201920202021EU27_202011059.811620.512211.513313.012531.413202.2BE362.9390.6416.7445.9420.6446.9BG35.741.845.751.849.551.6CZ137.9155.9169.6194.5183.8190.3DK253.4256.1273.0300.0294.0308.3DE2624.62783.23026.23241.63121.83203.8EE17.917.720.824.423.725.7IE185.7189.6262.9334.6355.3403.6EL219.9216.3176.1183.6167.1181.0ES1028.71079.01077.61193.81064.61119.2FR2005.22088.82198.42358.52174.92323.2HR43.845.144.651.547.352.2IT1737.61712.81655.41729.11573.11677.6CY17.119.517.922.421.322.5LV21.120.624.627.726.727.8LT29.231.037.343.443.445.5LU40.045.252.160.759.663.7HU102.3101.7112.7132.4126.5135.5MT6.67.710.012.911.813.0NL620.7664.8690.0757.3727.9763.3AT306.1326.7344.3373.5348.4365.0PL294.6372.2430.5513.6502.6532.4PT182.0187.4179.7200.4183.5192.5RO121.0139.1160.1195.9188.5199.6SI34.738.138.945.343.446.9SK55.370.379.889.385.488.0FI201.1210.6211.4229.6224.5231.3SE374.5409.1455.5495.8485.1510.0UnitsinMilliard-LongScale=1000MillionsEuroSource:DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,AMECO,April2022Source:Eurostat,Demographyandmigration,April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes155PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.3.4GDPperCapitaat2015MarketPricesGDPPERCAPITAAT2015MARKETPRICESThousandEUR/cap200520102015201920202021EU27_202025.526.427.529.828.029.5BE34.736.037.138.936.538.7BG4.65.66.37.47.17.5CZ13.514.916.118.317.217.8DK46.846.348.251.750.552.8DE31.834.037.339.037.538.5EE13.213.215.818.417.819.3IE45.241.756.268.271.680.6EL20.019.516.217.115.617.0ES23.823.223.225.422.523.6FR31.932.333.135.132.334.3HR10.210.510.612.611.712.9IT30.028.927.228.926.428.3CY23.323.821.125.624.025.1LV9.49.712.414.414.014.7LT8.79.912.815.515.516.3LU86.890.092.598.895.2100.4HU10.110.211.413.613.013.9MT16.418.622.726.123.025.3NL38.140.140.843.841.843.7AT37.339.140.142.239.140.9PL7.79.811.313.513.214.1PT17.317.717.319.517.818.7RO5.76.98.110.19.810.4SI17.418.618.821.820.722.2SK10.313.014.716.415.616.1FI38.439.438.641.640.641.8SE41.643.846.748.547.049.11000€'2010perCapitaSource:DGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,AMECO,April2022Source:Eurostat,Demographyandmigration,April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes156EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.4Demography3.4.1PopulationPOPULATIONON1STJANUARY1000200520102015201920202021InhabitantsEU27_2020434416.3440660.4443666.8446446.4447319.9447207.5BE10445.910839.911237.311455.511522.411554.8BG7688.67421.87202.27000.06951.56916.5CZ10198.910462.110538.310649.810693.910701.8DK5411.45534.75659.75806.15822.85840.0DE82500.881802.381197.583019.283166.783155.0EE1358.91333.31314.91324.81329.01330.1IE4111.74549.44677.64904.24964.45006.3EL10969.911119.310858.010724.610718.610678.6ES43296.346486.646449.646937.147332.647398.7FR62772.964658.966458.267177.667320.267656.7HR4310.94302.84225.34076.24058.24036.4IT57874.859190.160795.659816.759641.559236.2CY733.1819.1847.0875.9888.0896.0LV2249.72120.51986.11920.01907.71893.2LT3355.23142.02921.32794.22794.12795.7LU461.2502.1563.0613.9626.1634.7HU10097.510014.39855.69772.89769.59730.8MT402.7414.0439.7493.6514.6516.1NL16305.516575.016900.717282.217407.617475.4AT8201.48351.68584.98858.88901.18932.7PL38173.838022.938005.637972.837958.137840.0PT10494.710573.510374.810276.610295.910298.3RO21382.420294.719870.619414.519328.819201.7SI1997.62047.02062.92080.92095.92109.0SK5372.75390.45421.35450.45457.95459.8FI5236.65351.45471.85517.95525.35533.8SE9011.49340.79747.410230.210327.610379.3Source:Eurostat,Demographyandmigration,April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes157PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.5Employment3.5.1TotalPersonsEmployedEMPLOYMENTTOTALPERSONSEMPLOYEDINTHEENERGYSECTOR(15-64YEARS)EU27_2020[thousands]2015201920202021288.6249.3245.2207.9B05-Miningofcoalandlignite64.354.657.356.5B06-Extractionofcrudepetroleumand10.79.10.20.2naturalgas36.80.014.914.9B0892-Extractionofpeat160.7165.5159.4144.5B091-Supportactivitiesforpetroleumandnaturalgasextraction1370.31409.81457.41495.3C19-ManufactureofcokeandrefinedpetroleumproductsD35-Electricity,gas,steamandairconditioningsupplyBroadSector-TotalEmployment1931.41888.31934.31919.2AccordingtoStructuralBusinessStatisticsSurvey(SBS),May2022EstimateoftotalemploymentasasumofavailablefigurespresentedinthetableItalics,blue:DGENERestimatesSource:Eurostat,LabourForceSourvey(LFS),April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes158EUENERGYINFIGURES20233.5.2EmploymentRateEMPLOYMENTRATEINALLECONOMICSECTORS(15-64YEARS)MEMBERSTATES'DATA-ALLSECTORS%200520102015201920202021EU27_202068.869.771.572.473.272.3BE66.767.767.769.168.469.772BG62.166.569.273.172.176.6CZ70.470.274.076.776.479.678.7DK79.878.076.979.179.079.174.6DE73.875.476.478.077.367.373.7EE70.774.677.079.279.673IE73.971.672.073.270.868.764.5EL66.467.767.768.565.376.775.8ES70.073.574.373.872.278.273.2FR69.771.072.272.672.076.277.8HR63.365.166.966.567.183.777.2IT62.561.663.865.763.572.875.2CY72.473.673.976.075.865.6LV69.172.775.777.378.07574.6LT68.770.274.178.078.578.882.9LU66.668.270.972.072.2HU61.364.070.574.775.1MT57.660.468.875.977.1NL75.180.482.183.483.4AT71.474.775.877.376.4PL64.463.466.869.970.1PT73.271.572.374.973.8RO62.357.459.963.364.1SI70.770.871.274.673.8SK68.970.572.974.774.5FI74.773.574.877.377.3SE78.278.681.482.582.1PercentageofactivepopulationSource:Eurostat,LabourForceSourvey(LFS),April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes159PART3Socio-EconomicIndicatorsintheEU3.5.3UneploymentRateUNEMPLOYMENTRATEINALLECONOMICSECTORSMEMBERSTATES'DATA-ALLSECTORS%200520102015201920202021EU27_20209.69.810.06.77.27.1BE8.58.38.55.45.85.6BG10.110.39.24.26.14.3CZ7.97.35.12.02.62.2DK4.87.76.35.05.64.5DE11.27.04.63.13.73.1EE8.016.76.24.46.95.6IE4.614.610.05.05.94.5EL10.012.724.917.317.612.5ES9.219.922.114.115.512.9FR8.58.910.18.17.57.3HR12.811.716.26.67.57IT7.78.411.910.09.38.1CY5.36.315.07.17.66.8LV10.019.59.96.38.16.9LT8.317.89.16.38.56LU4.54.46.75.66.84.6HU7.211.26.83.44.13.6MT6.96.95.43.64.42.9NL5.95.06.93.44.93.5AT5.64.85.74.56.04.8PL17.89.77.53.33.22.9PT7.711.012.66.57.06RO7.27.06.83.96.15.6SI6.57.39.04.55.04SK16.314.411.55.86.76.1FI8.48.49.46.77.76.8SE7.58.67.46.88.57.5PercentageofactivepopulationSource:Eurostat,LabourForceSourvey(LFS),April2022MethodologyandNotesintheannexes1604EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEUEUENERGYINFIGURES2023Summary4.1GasesEmissions��������������������������������������������������������������1644.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)Emissions������������������������������������164GHGEmissions-NationalTotal��������������������������������������164GHGEmissions-Energy�����������������������������������������������165GHGEmissions-NotEnergyRelated��������������������������������166GHGEmissions-NationalTotalandEnergyrelated��������������167GHGEmissions-NotEnergyRelated..................................1684.1.2CO2Emissions�����������������������������������������������������������169CO2Emissions-NationalTotal���������������������������������������169CO2Emissions-Energy������������������������������������������������170CO2Emissions-NotEnergyRelated���������������������������������171CO2Emissions-NationalTotalandEnergyRelated��������������172CO2Emissions-NotEnergyRelated...................................1734.2MainEmissionsIndicators�������������������������������������������������1744.2.1GrenhouseGasEmissionsperCapita�������������������������������174MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGperCapita�������������������������1744.2.2GreenhouseGastoGDPIntensity�����������������������������������175MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGtoGDPIntensity������������������175163PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1GasesEmissions4.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsGHGEMISSIONS-NATIONALTOTAL[MilliontonCO2equiv.]199020102015201920202021EU27_20204921.14281.13920.93724.33359.73541.5Index1990100.0%87.0%79.7%75.7%68.3%72.0%BE149.0137.9123.4121.7110.9115.5BG99.760.061.054.748.554.5CZ201.4142.1130.2125.4114.1119.4DK73.367.152.348.543.845.1DE1263.4956.9921.4824.6744.7778.7EE40.421.218.114.711.512.7IE56.765.464.364.560.263.4EL106.5121.898.990.276.880.0ES292.5367.4348.3328.9278.7297.2FR553.0560.4566.3519.1523.0498.8HR32.028.525.025.424.124.7IT525.8532.3455.4434.8388.8422.6CY6.410.49.210.08.99.3LV26.312.211.111.610.711.0LT48.620.920.420.720.420.5LU13.110.614.312.913.513.3HU95.567.362.865.663.364.6MT2.83.13.33.23.33.3NL227.3225.0205.9193.3171.5175.0AT79.986.881.082.975.078.8PL475.5409.3385.8390.1373.3402.4PT61.172.471.568.759.758.5RO257.9127.2117.8116.2112.2115.7SI18.819.917.017.316.016.1SK73.945.941.140.237.341.3FI72.377.357.055.448.748.7SE72.866.555.853.347.248.8GHGemissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices164EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsGHGEMISSIONS-ENERGY2021ofwhich:[MilliontonEnergyCO2equiv.]EnergyIndustriesEU27_2020ManufacturingShare[%]IndustriesandConstructionTransportCommercial/Insti-tutionalResidentialAgriculture/Fo-restry/FisheriesOtherSectorsOtherCombustionandFugitiveEmissions2669.7840.4439.5782.1129.9324.777.96.968.1100.3%31.6%16.5%29.4%4.9%12.2%2.9%0.3%2.6%BE82.218.214.023.95.916.62.90.10.8BG40.422.14.69.90.41.20.50.01.8CZ89.041.112.918.92.69.01.20.32.9DK28.78.33.812.20.81.61.40.20.4DE643.3240.5126.1147.633.583.56.31.04.8EE10.47.00.42.40.30.20.20.00.0IE35.010.24.611.01.56.90.70.00.1EL53.625.54.816.80.64.80.60.00.5ES216.441.246.785.59.916.112.40.44.1FR338.654.752.7134.521.252.412.02.78.3HR16.33.82.46.30.72.00.80.00.4IT333.186.453.9103.325.050.47.80.36.0CY6.23.10.52.10.10.30.10.00.0LV7.11.40.73.20.50.60.50.00.1LT12.32.81.36.10.31.00.30.00.5LU10.61.01.36.90.31.10.00.00.1HU46.211.55.214.02.98.91.60.12.1MT2.61.90.00.60.00.00.00.00.0NL137.647.427.825.56.817.510.60.21.7AT52.28.910.921.91.67.51.00.00.4PL336.2160.230.168.47.735.211.40.023.1PT37.08.27.315.91.02.11.40.11.1RO78.018.914.519.62.19.71.71.110.5SI12.84.21.75.20.30.80.20.00.4SK27.57.07.07.51.53.50.40.10.6FI34.213.46.410.01.21.11.40.8:SE33.29.06.315.40.70.61.10.00.1Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices165PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsGHGEMISSIONS-NOTENERGYRELATED2021GHGemissionsotherofwhich:thanfromenergy[MilliontonCO2equiv.]IndustrialProcessesandProductUseAgricultureWasteandOthersIndirectCO2InternationalaviationEU27_2020809.0317.9378.4109.33.369.8Share[%]100.0%39.3%46.8%13.5%0.4%BE28.818.29.41.30.04.6BG13.54.56.12.80.10.5CZ30.416.27.85.70.70.4DK15.41.912.11.20.21.3DE118.057.256.34.50.018.3EE2.20.31.60.30.00.1IE27.13.223.00.90.01.3EL23.910.08.05.90.02.5ES72.824.134.414.30.08.3FR145.851.571.821.51.017.1HR8.23.62.71.90.00.3IT84.831.932.720.20.05.0CY2.61.30.60.70.00.6LV3.70.92.30.60.00.2LT8.02.84.30.90.00.2LU1.40.70.60.10.01.2HU18.17.17.23.70.00.4MT0.40.20.10.10.00.3NL30.38.318.03.50.57.3AT25.417.07.21.20.01.2PL63.824.634.04.70.52.5PT19.67.17.35.00.22.0RO38.512.819.26.50.00.2SI3.41.11.80.40.00.0SK13.99.52.41.90.00.1FI13.55.36.31.80.10.8SE14.67.06.71.00.01.0Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices166EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsGHGEMISSIONS-NATIONALTOTALANDENERGYRELATEDEU27_2020ofwhich:[MilliontonCO2GHGemissions-Nationaltotal11999965EnergyEnergyIndustriesManufacturingIndustriesandConstruction22000065TransportCommercial/Ins-titutionalResidentialAgriculture/Fo-restry/FisheriesOtherSectorsOtherCombus-tionandFugitiveEmissionequiv.]199049213747.11442.1729.1672.5172.2449.790.822.1190.8199546263520.51318.7645.5724.8149.2438.189.410.0154.9200045373454.11304.5586.7798.3144.0408.184.88.5127.8200145853519.71329.5575.2812.4157.3437.084.78.1123.7200245683516.61352.1565.7821.2151.1420.982.68.4123.1200346523593.91399.4571.5830.7151.9433.183.29.2124.0200446593586.81392.4564.6849.1154.3425.883.810.3116.8200546383569.01383.8556.5847.4154.4426.883.910.8116.2200646393568.81391.3546.0855.5162.0420.581.09.7112.5200746093525.61405.5558.8864.0142.8368.678.19.6107.8200845163461.81336.6539.3844.9157.0399.079.19.3105.9200941923225.41235.8447.7823.1154.3389.577.68.097.4201042813305.41254.2480.7817.6163.3413.079.87.896.7201141733200.41245.6468.7808.2140.6362.078.98.196.4201240973142.11228.5450.9778.7140.7372.576.37.094.4201340113060.51167.8432.8772.7142.5375.176.37.093.2201438722912.41106.4420.0778.1124.9316.976.06.890.1201539212966.81114.0429.0793.2130.5335.275.46.989.6201639302967.31089.1434.1810.7130.9341.375.56.185.5201739602980.31083.3441.3825.0131.3338.575.96.184.9201838812906.21023.7442.4826.5127.6328.477.05.680.8201937242764.0428.6832.7125.2321.276.56.174.5202033602500.3905.3412.8720.2122.1319.478.26.169.5202135412662.7778.1439.5782.1129.9324.777.96.968.1840.4GHGSEMISSIONS-EU27_2020-FUELCOMBUSTION(MilliontonCO2equiv.)20001500100050001990199119921993199419971998199920002001200220032004200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021EnergyIndustriesCommercial/InstitutionalOtherSectorsManufacturingIndustriesandConstructionResidentialOtherCombustionTransportandFugitiveAgriculture/Forestry/FisheriesEmissionGHGemissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices167PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1.1Greenhousegas(GHG)EmissionsGHGEMISSIONS-NOTENERGYRELATEDEU27_2020ofwhich:GHGemissions-[MilliontonNationaltotalCO2equiv.]GHGemissionsother1990thanfromenergy1995Industrial2000Processesand2001ProductUse2002Agriculture2003Wasteand2004Others2005IndirectCO22006International2007aviation2008International2009navigation2010201149211119.9444.7484.6184.26.454.1102.1201246261039.6426.9419.0188.05.765.7102.620134537409.5409.3174.05.185.0128.120144585997.9396.6407.7171.34.984.3132.720154568980.5396.2400.5167.74.881.9138.820164652969.1407.4395.3165.14.785.5141.620174659972.5424.2393.7159.54.690.5149.620184638982.0424.7389.2154.34.696.1153.720194639972.9427.8386.1150.84.6101.2164.520204609969.2436.8389.1146.94.5105.8171.720214516977.2413.0386.6142.74.3107.4169.54192946.6341.7381.5140.33.998.7150.74281867.5358.1376.3137.03.9100.4151.64173875.3357.5375.7132.53.8102.8150.44097869.5344.8375.5129.33.6101.7140.14011853.2342.7377.7124.33.4102.7132.23872848.1349.2382.8120.03.4104.7128.53921855.4339.9384.3118.23.4108.5129.23930845.6342.1386.4115.73.3115.1132.93960847.4349.7388.2114.63.3124.2134.73881855.8342.9385.1113.43.1130.4137.83724844.6331.5380.2112.43.0133.0136.63360827.3306.8382.0111.43.156.1121.03541803.3317.9378.4109.33.369.8129.1809.0GHGSEMISSIONS-EU27_2020-OTHERTHANFUELCOMBUSTION(MilliontonCO2equiv.)600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021IndustrialProcessesandProductUseIndirectCO2AgricultureInternationalAviationWasteandOthersInternationalNavigationGHGemissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices168EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.1.2CO2EmissionsCO2EMISSIONS-NATIONALTOTAL[MilliontonCO2]199020102015201920202021EU27_20203933.73544.23213.13048.82697.42886.3Index1990100.0%90.1%81.7%77.5%68.6%73.4%BE123.4118.8105.5104.694.7100.2BG77.448.448.743.037.042.8CZ166.9119.4106.7103.092.797.7DK56.352.138.034.329.531.1DE1066.8855.4822.6737.2660.9696.9EE37.019.116.012.59.310.5IE34.044.141.240.636.338.9EL85.999.977.869.756.960.1ES235.2295.5285.3269.6220.0238.5FR407.2428.5441.2397.1403.0381.3HR23.521.318.218.517.017.7IT443.2445.3371.5352.8307.1342.2CY5.48.97.78.47.27.6LV19.98.97.68.17.27.5LT36.214.013.314.113.714.1LU12.29.713.411.912.512.3HU73.952.847.350.247.648.9MT2.62.82.92.82.92.9NL168.2193.0175.6164.8143.7147.7AT63.074.168.570.963.267.2PL377.6336.2315.1321.4304.4333.3PT46.955.755.552.043.442.1RO177.386.678.777.374.277.4SI15.116.513.714.112.913.1SK61.638.634.734.031.235.3FI58.165.846.245.138.738.8SE58.855.245.643.737.639.5CO2emissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices169PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1.2CO2EmissionsCO2EMISSIONS-ENERGY2021ofwhich:[MilliontonEnergyCO2]EnergyIndustriesEU27_2020ManufacturingShare[%]IndustriesandConstructionTransportCommercial/Insti-tutionalResidentialAgriculture/Fo-restry/FisheriesOtherSectorsOtherCombustionandFugitiveEmissions2577.1831.6433.7773.4128.5305.972.46.924.7100.0%32.4%16.9%30.1%5.0%11.9%2.8%0.3%1.0%BE80.518.013.823.65.816.22.60.10.2BG38.522.04.59.80.40.80.50.00.6CZ84.640.812.818.72.67.81.20.30.4DK28.08.13.712.10.81.41.40.20.3DE632.5236.0125.0146.033.382.36.11.02.8EE10.36.90.42.30.30.20.20.00.0IE34.410.14.610.91.56.70.6::EL52.525.44.816.50.64.50.60.00.0ES212.440.845.484.69.815.312.30.43.9FR330.654.452.1133.121.149.511.12.76.6HR15.53.72.46.20.71.50.70.00.3IT321.886.052.8102.224.646.77.10.32.1CY6.13.10.52.00.10.30.10.00.0LV6.61.40.63.20.40.40.50.00.0LT11.72.71.36.10.30.80.20.00.2LU10.51.01.36.80.31.10.00.00.0HU43.511.45.213.82.98.31.60.10.2MT2.61.90.00.60.00.00.00.00.0NL134.547.027.725.26.817.19.30.21.3AT51.08.710.821.71.67.20.90.00.1PL310.5159.529.867.67.631.510.20.04.3PT36.18.17.215.71.01.71.30.11.0RO67.418.814.419.32.08.31.61.11.9SI12.24.21.75.10.30.60.20.00.1SK26.56.97.07.41.53.20.30.10.1FI33.413.16.29.91.20.81.40.8:SE32.48.76.215.20.60.51.10.00.0Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices170EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.1.2CO2EmissionsCO2EMISSIONS-NOTENERGYRELATED2021ofwhich:CO2emissionsother[MilliontonCO2]thanfromenergyIndustrialProcessesandProductUseAgricultureWasteandOthersIndirectCO2InternationalaviationEU27_2020247.6231.79.82.73.368.5Share[%]100.0%93.6%4.0%1.1%1.3%BE15.314.90.20.3:4.5BG3.83.70.10.00.10.5CZ13.011.90.30.10.70.4DK2.11.50.30.00.21.3DE47.344.72.6::18.1EE0.10.10.00.0:0.1IE3.22.40.70.0:1.3EL5.15.10.00.0:2.5ES18.317.90.40.00.08.3FR36.431.72.11.71.016.9HR1.91.80.10.00.00.3IT15.815.20.50.10.05.0CY0.90.90.00.00.00.6LV0.70.60.10.00.00.2LT2.22.10.10.00.00.2LU0.60.60.00.00.01.2HU5.14.90.20.00.00.4MT0.00.00.00.00.00.3NL6.15.50.10.00.57.3AT15.114.90.10.00.01.2PL21.118.91.40.30.51.8PT4.13.80.00.00.22.0RO10.910.70.20.00.00.2SI0.80.80.00.00.00.0SK8.88.70.10.00.00.1FI4.54.20.20.00.10.8SE6.15.90.10.10.01.0Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices171PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.1.2CO2EmissionsCO2EMISSIONS-NATIONALTOTALANDENERGYRE-LATEDEU27_2020ofwhich:[MilliontonCO2]CO2emissions-NationaltotalEnergyEnergyIndustriesManufacturingIndustriesandConstructionTransportCommercial/Insti-tutionalResidentialAgriculture/Fo-restry/FisheriesOtherSectorsOtherCombus-tionandFugitiveEmissions199039343567.11434.7723.4660.4169.6426.186.621.544.7199537133353.31311.5640.3710.9147.8417.384.79.831.1200036973314.31297.0581.1785.7142.8389.780.38.429.2200137543381.71321.8569.5800.2156.1418.380.27.927.6200237523382.51344.2559.9810.0149.9403.578.18.328.6200338403459.71390.9565.5820.1150.7414.378.79.030.4200438563460.81383.7558.3838.7153.0407.579.310.130.2200538433445.01375.1550.1837.9153.1407.579.310.631.5200638583448.11382.3540.0846.2160.7400.876.39.532.4200738263408.51396.1552.7854.7141.4348.673.39.432.1200837443344.01327.1533.3835.9155.5377.773.99.131.5200934423113.41226.6442.5814.7152.8368.272.37.828.4201035443192.21244.6475.3809.3161.7390.374.57.728.9201134463092.11236.0463.2800.0139.0342.573.68.029.7201233723031.91218.6445.5770.7139.2351.371.36.928.6201332932953.51158.1427.4764.7141.1354.071.26.930.2201431582810.91097.1414.8769.9123.6298.571.16.729.3201532132864.21104.5423.6784.9129.2315.970.46.829.0201632252866.81079.6428.7802.1129.6322.370.66.027.8201732562880.11073.7435.8816.1130.0319.470.76.028.3201831882808.51014.3436.7817.6126.2309.071.65.627.6201930492674.0896.4423.0823.7123.8302.771.26.027.2202026972415.3769.7407.3712.2120.8301.572.76.025.1202128862577.1831.6433.7773.4128.5305.972.46.924.7EU27_2020-CO2EMISSIONSMilliontonCO2400035003000250020001500100050001990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020EnergyTransportEnergyIndustriesResidentialManufacturingIndustriesandConstructionCommercial/InstitutionalAgriculture/Forestry/FisheriesCO2emissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices172EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.1.2CO2EmissionsCO2EMISSIONS-NOTENERGYRELATEDEU27_2020ofwhich:CO2emissions-[MillionNationaltotaltonCO2emissionsotherCO2]thanfromenergyIndustrialProcessesandProductUAgricultureWasteandOthersIndirectCO2InternationalaviationInternationalnavi-gation19903933.7334.5310.014.23.86.453.7101.019953712.9304.2285.09.93.65.765.2101.420003697.3307.1288.910.22.95.184.3126.720013753.5296.1278.310.02.94.983.6131.220023751.8296.4278.89.73.14.881.2137.320033839.6304.2286.79.73.24.784.8140.120043855.9315.5298.69.33.04.689.7148.120053842.8313.0296.19.23.24.695.3152.220063857.6318.6301.98.83.34.6100.4162.920073826.1322.1305.68.93.14.5105.0170.020083743.9302.4286.28.83.14.3106.5167.820093441.5238.0222.38.83.03.997.9149.220103544.2260.1244.38.83.13.999.6150.120113446.1260.0244.29.02.93.8102.0148.920123372.2246.3230.69.32.93.6100.9138.720133292.9244.4228.59.82.73.4101.8130.920143157.9249.8233.89.92.83.4103.8127.220153213.1248.0232.39.82.53.4107.7127.820163225.0250.1233.810.42.63.3114.2131.520173255.7258.4242.510.02.53.3123.2133.320183188.1255.8240.010.22.53.1129.3136.520193048.8248.9233.79.42.83.0131.9135.120202697.4232.4216.510.12.73.155.7119.620212886.3247.6231.79.82.73.368.5127.6CO2EMISSIONS-EU27_2020-OTHERTHANFUELCOMBUSTIONMILLIONTONCO235030025020015010050019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021IndustrialProcessesandProductUseWasteandOthersInternationalAviationIndirectCO2AgricultureCO2emissionswithoutLULUCF,withindirectCO2andincludinginternationalaviationSource:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices173PART4EnvironmentIndicatorsintheEU4.2MainEmissionsIndicators4.2.1GrenhouseGasEmissionsperCapitaMAINEMISSIONSINDICATORSGHGPERCAPITA[tCO2eq./cap]199020102015201920202021EU27_202011.89.78.88.37.57.9Index1990100.0%82.5%75.1%70.9%63.8%67.3%BE15.012.711.010.69.610.07.87.07.9BG11.48.18.510.711.87.511.2CZ19.413.612.48.49.07.79.98.69.4DK14.312.19.212.19.611.17.2DE16.011.711.313.25.912.77.87.5EE25.715.913.88.45.96.37.06.57.4IE16.214.413.77.710.06.16.25.67.1EL10.511.09.17.37.311.421.510.4ES7.57.97.56.16.55.87.46.37.3FR9.58.78.520.99.96.78.420.9HR6.76.65.96.49.86.611.25.86.3IT9.39.07.59.45.810.37.610.0CY11.112.710.86.76.88.86.08.8LV9.95.85.68.34.610.67.45.7LT13.16.77.010.06.05.27.6LU34.621.125.47.68.8HU9.26.76.44.7MT7.97.47.4NL15.313.612.2AT10.510.49.4PL12.510.810.2PT6.16.86.9RO11.16.35.9SI9.49.78.2SK14.08.57.6FI14.514.410.4SE8.57.15.7GHGPERCAPITA[tCO2eq./cap]EU27_20201412108642019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices174EUENERGYINFIGURES20234.2.2GreenhouseGastoGDPIntensityMAINEMISSIONSINDICATORSGHGTOGDPINTENSITY[tCO2/M€'15]199020102015201920202021EU27_2020599.0367.9321.0279.8267.5267.5Index1990100.0%61.4%53.6%46.7%44.7%44.6%BE563.3352.9296.2272.6262.5257.3973.71017.0BG2921.31398.21332.11056.1620.8149.1627.6CZ1871.9911.6768.0644.9238.6146.3476.2243.0DK402.2262.0191.6161.6169.6489.5459.2157.2DE599.3343.8304.5254.4263.4441.3240.5266.2EE3047.71211.9878.5608.5510.7214.7247.1464.3IE779.9342.4244.4192.8413.2251.0394.2404.7EL745.7563.4560.5490.6469.0388.8227.5444.9ES440.1340.5323.0275.7499.1213.2273.7475.3FR369.3268.3257.6220.1235.6245.5214.6229.3HR777.8624.1551.7493.1739.9215.7325.0745.9IT372.4310.8275.1251.5592.9301.9368.3577.8CY722.6532.2510.9443.7430.2343.1217.2454.8LV1270.1590.3451.4419.6210.797.2LT1744.6674.7547.2475.695.5LU614.3217.8264.1215.5HU1183.7660.1556.4494.2MT763.7400.6326.7242.2NL542.3338.4298.5255.3AT368.6265.6235.4222.1PL2700.91110.2897.6757.7PT470.7386.0397.8342.6RO2486.5910.3735.1591.7SI768.8522.1437.2380.6SK1949.3648.4512.6448.2FI514.1367.0269.8241.2SE273.0162.6122.4107.5GHGTOGDPINTENSITY[tCO2/M€'15]EU27_2020700600500400300200100019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Source:EEA,June2023,Eurostat2023MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices1755CountryProfiles5CountryProfilesEUENERGYINFIGURES2023Summary5.1EuropeanUnion-27countries���������E�U��2��7��_��2��0��2��0�����������������1805.2Belgium������������������������������������������B�E��������������������������������1825.3Bulgaria������������������������������������������B�G�������������������������������1845.4Czechia�������������������������������������������C�Z�������������������������������1865.5Denmark�����������������������������������������D��K������������������������������1885.6Germany�����������������������������������������D��E������������������������������1905.7Estonia�������������������������������������������E�E��������������������������������1925.8Ireland��������������������������������������������IE��������������������������������1945.9Greece��������������������������������������������E�L�������������������������������1965.10Spain����������������������������������������������E�S��������������������������������1985.11France��������������������������������������������F�R�������������������������������2005.12Croatia�������������������������������������������H��R�������������������������������2025.13Italy�����������������������������������������������IT��������������������������������2045.14Cyprus��������������������������������������������C�Y�������������������������������2065.15Latvia���������������������������������������������L�V�������������������������������2085.16Lithuania����������������������������������������L�T��������������������������������2105.17Luxembourg������������������������������������L�U��������������������������������2125.18Hungary������������������������������������������H��U�������������������������������2145.19Malta����������������������������������������������M��T�������������������������������2165.20TheNetherlands�����������������������������N��L�������������������������������2185.21Austria�������������������������������������������A�T��������������������������������2205.22Poland��������������������������������������������P�L�������������������������������2225.23Portugal�����������������������������������������P�T��������������������������������2245.24Romania�����������������������������������������R�O��������������������������������2265.25Slovenia������������������������������������������S�I�������������������������������2285.26Slovakia������������������������������������������S�K�������������������������������2305.27Finland�������������������������������������������F�I��������������������������������2325.28Sweden�������������������������������������������S�E�������������������������������234Sources:ESTAT–database–May2021;EEA–UNFCCCdatabase–June2021;ECFIN–AMECOdatabase–May2021;ESTAT–SHARES–March2021;ESTAT–CHPSurvey,data2017–July2021;ESTAT–MarketSurvey–June2021179PART5CountryProfiles5.1EuropeanUnion-27countries(from2020)Mtoeunlessotherwisestated200020102015201920202021Production675.9695.4657.2617.6573.0597.6Solidfossilfuels189.8146.6133.8100.183.691.032.633.2ofwhichhardcoal99.762.852.137.151.057.8ofwhichbrowncoal90.083.881.763.021.320.1Oilandpetroleumproducts44.633.128.322.719.318.1ofwhichcrudeoil42.430.826.320.441.238.0Naturalgas112.2109.572.452.2Nuclear222.1219.6203.8196.2175.2186.7Renewablesandbiofuels96.0168.1200.4227.0233.3244.0WastesNon-Renewable10.612.413.7NetImports5.9895.4834.5908.013.913.9Solidfossilfuels866.093.796.074.3792.4812.1ofwhichhardcoal92.095.974.6Oilandpetroleumproducts83.3550.2514.6527.350.361.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL79.0517.3519.9514.951.761.5Naturalgas578.5245.9220.6300.5460.4459.0Renewablesandbiofuels542.3449.4454.7Electricity202.85.13.65.1273.5283.9Grossinlandconsumption0.4-0.60.3Solidfossilfuels0.31559.01448.21458.26.46.9ofwhichhardcoal0.8245.1234.1171.91.20.6ofwhichbrowncoal1498.2159.4152.4109.81340.01421.6Oilandpetroleumproducts279.084.982.663.5140.5162.6ofwhichcrudeandNGL182.7538.9491.6502.290.1103.0Naturalgas91.9548.2541.9532.852.158.9Nuclear579.8362.8296.1335.1437.2460.4Renewablesandbiofuels586.0219.6203.8196.2467.9478.0Electricity308.6173.3204.0232.0327.0340.2Wastenon-renewable222.10.4-0.60.3175.2186.7Availableforfinalconsumption96.410.712.814.1239.2251.5Finalnon-energyconsumption0.81073.2993.91033.11.20.6Finalenergyconsumption5.998.388.390.714.414.5byFuel/Product1022.6973.2909.0937.51033.1975.8Solidfossilfuels101.490.790.0Oilandpetroleumproducts926.127.223.519.8937.5885.1Naturalgas366.5338.6345.6Renewablesandbiofuels33.5217.7192.4199.219.119.0397.1104.1309.8327.5Solidbiofuelsandrenewable205.185.889.6194.1212.2waste69.8103.7110.4Solarthermal48.867.665.7Geothermal2.468.272.6Liquidbiofuels46.71.52.10.6Biogases0.40.416.62.52.5Wastenon-renewable0.512.413.32.60.60.6Electricity0.41.42.34.716.917.7Heat0.72.83.7213.12.72.4bySector0.3215.9210.746.05.05.0Industry1.051.645.1205.0213.9Transport189.0239.243.947.3Residential42.9243.9233.5288.7Services280.0272.5248.2230.9240.4AgricultureandFishing271.0278.9245.0128.6251.4274.8Others262.9140.0128.5248.1261.8248.629.4121.2129.4104.826.725.93.43.73.629.829.828.43.63.810.5MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices180EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]613.2790.2889.7946.4962.9991.0CombustibleFuels340.1414.8412.2395.7388.1379.4Nuclear124.9120.9112.5110.0106.0105.1Hydro134.7143.0148.2150.8151.1151.7Wind12.379.0127.2167.1177.1188.4Solar0.230.687.7120.2138.5164.2Geothermal0.60.80.80.90.90.9TideWaveandOcean0.20.20.20.20.20.2GrossElectricityGeneration2656.92979.72900.62902.42784.92906.5byFuel[TWh]Solidfossilfuelspeatandproductsoil813.9721.6718.8460.4357.8425.0shaleOilandpetroleumproducts172.982.163.352.047.846.7Naturalgas362.7622.1428.5599.6586.5579.8Nuclear859.9854.5786.7765.3683.5731.7Renewablesandbiofuels435.9682.0883.81003.61088.31101.9Wastesnon-RES11.617.419.521.521.021.4CogenerationHeatandPowerCHPElectricalCapacity[GW]113.8133.3133.4129.9CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]343.5348.4335.1346.4CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]11.911.712.011.9CHPHeatProduction[PJ]2667.52629.22556.02620.2TransportFuels[ktoe]Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts355244337044314872323110291041307148ofwhichLPG194651803916217165971518415648ofwhichmotorgasoline1103817682165318676695820663644ofwhichGas/Dieseloil225397242184233338238843217651227856Finalconsumptionbiofuels7131244213330166361688617721pureandblendedbiogasoline5924962345272526783047pureandblendedbiodiesel640970110927137851403014519MainEnergyIndicatorsPrimaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]1396.41457.61352.71354.11235.81311.1Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]979.81024.5957.9986.0906.3968.4PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-20301371251111029899[toe/M€'15]EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15147134119110107107EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]349635383264326629963179FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]620167626538650162266499ImportDependency[%]57.8%57.4%57.6%62.3%59.1%57.1%ofSolidfossilfuels29.8%38.2%41.0%43.3%35.8%37.5%ofHardCoal43.2%57.7%63.0%67.9%57.4%59.7%ofOilandpetroleumproducts99.8%102.1%104.7%105.0%105.3%99.7%ofCrudeandNGL92.5%94.4%95.9%96.6%96.1%95.1%ofNaturalGas65.7%67.8%74.5%89.7%83.6%83.5%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]OverallRenewableshare(withaviationcap)14.41%17.82%19.89%22.04%21.81%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]5.50%6.75%8.80%10.25%9.09%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-21.28%29.65%34.09%37.41%37.63%tion[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand16.99%20.31%22.43%22.98%22.90%Cooling[%]Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal3697.33544.23213.13048.82697.42886.3GHGemissions-Nationaltotal4537.04281.13920.93724.33359.73541.5MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index92.2%87.0%79.7%75.7%68.3%72.0%1990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]10.69.78.88.37.57.9totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport181PART5CountryProfiles5.2Belgium20002010201520192020202113.415.010.315.213.317.4Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts12.411.66.310.68.412.2ofwhichcrudeoil0.52.53.13.64.04.2Naturalgas0.40.70.70.60.60.7Nuclear50.653.650.149.945.145.6Renewablesandbiofuels7.33.73.33.12.42.4Wastes,Non-Renewable6.63.72.82.52.12.0NetImports29.632.530.430.626.827.7Solidfossilfuels34.233.532.434.627.728.9ofwhichhardcoal13.316.813.915.515.015.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.10.50.70.80.91.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.40.01.8-0.20.0-0.7Naturalgas59.460.753.756.151.456.8Renewablesandbiofuels8.03.83.43.12.42.6Electricity7.03.72.92.52.02.1Grossinlandconsumption0.20.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels24.224.523.522.019.721.3ofwhichhardcoal34.133.532.434.627.629.1ofwhichbrowncoal13.416.814.015.215.215.2Oilandpetroleumproducts12.411.66.310.68.412.2ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.63.03.74.44.95.1Naturalgas0.40.01.8-0.20.0-0.7Nuclear0.40.70.70.60.60.7Renewablesandbiofuels40.843.041.040.140.138.2Electricity7.07.07.77.37.37.1Waste,non-renewable33.635.533.232.632.630.9AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.90.50.50.50.40.4Finalenergyconsumption15.114.814.212.911.812.4byFuel/Product10.010.2Solidfossilfuels9.38.99.59.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.41.71.72.02.12.4NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.41.21.21.21.21.3Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.40.30.50.70.8Geothermal0.00.00.10.10.10.1Liquidbiofuels0.10.20.20.20.10.1Biogases6.77.37.07.06.87.0Waste,non-renewable0.50.60.50.50.40.5ElectricityHeat11.611.010.610.310.010.6bySector8.29.08.98.87.78.5Industry9.59.68.27.97.98.6Transport3.55.04.64.64.44.5Residential0.80.90.80.90.90.9Services0.10.10.00.00.00.0AgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices182EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]15.718.821.223.925.726.2CombustibleFuels8.59.58.58.18.18.0Nuclear5.75.95.95.95.95.9Hydro1.41.41.41.41.41.4Wind0.00.92.23.94.74.9Solar0.01.03.14.65.66.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel[TWh]84.094.369.293.289.0100.0Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale12.94.22.10.10.10.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.80.40.20.10.10.2Naturalgas32.624.128.028.624.5Nuclear19.147.926.143.534.450.3Renewablesandbiofuels48.28.015.620.424.523.7Wastesnon-RES1.21.21.21.21.3CogenerationHeatandPower2.3CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.8132652.42.42.42.8CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]33712.512.813.013.1CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]1351517.713.713.013.1CHPHeatProduction[PJ]4141288104.494.893.495.0TransportFuels[ktoe]11639Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts23591274711951107861126410741384400460463474ofwhichLPG57ofwhichmotorgasoline01375185115391868ofwhichGas/Dieseloil031610972964087848922Finalconsumptionbiofuels0pureandblendedbiogasoline53.4266490706779pureandblendedbiodiesel52.438.241129130161MainEnergyIndicators37.7137359576617Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]159155223Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]180559948.443.948.8PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-20305805870145.735.833.235.9[toe/M€'15]820588.4%36.0108104109EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1585.2%97.5%110126122126EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]91.2%100.0%129489644644915FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]93.5%132.7%4777813777208651ImportDependency[%]122.3%99.9%616288.9%87.7%80.3%ofSolidfossilfuels100.2%100.3%93.3%101.8%102.1%92.4%ofHardCoal99.3%95.7%102.7%104.2%93.5%ofOilandpetroleumproducts6.00%96.3%139.2%136.0%129.8%ofCrudeandNGL131.44.80%129.5%100.0%100.5%99.2%ofNaturalGas153.67.33%100.0%101.9%99.2%99.9%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]99.3%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation103.1%6.71%9.93%13.00%13.01%cap)15.08.06%6.82%11.03%10.26%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]118.83.92%20.82%25.12%26.01%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-137.915.57%tion[%]8.32%8.45%9.24%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand92.5%7.94%Cooling[%]12.7104.694.7100.2Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]105.5121.7110.9115.5CO2emissions-Nationaltotal123.4GHGemissions-Nationaltotal81.7%74.4%77.5%MainEmissionsIndicators82.8%10.69.610.0GHGnationaltotalemissions[index11.01990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport183PART5CountryProfiles5.3Bulgaria2000201020152019202020219.910.512.011.710.812.1Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated4.30.04.95.84.73.74.7Production4.20.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.04.95.84.73.74.70.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal4.70.10.10.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.83.83.94.34.34.3ofwhichcrudeoil0.01.52.12.52.63.0Naturalgas8.70.00.00.10.10.1Nuclear2.37.26.87.26.87.0Renewablesandbiofuels2.21.70.70.40.40.5Wastes,Non-Renewable4.11.70.70.40.40.5NetImports5.34.24.55.04.34.5Solidfossilfuels2.75.56.27.14.94.2ofwhichhardcoal0.02.12.52.52.42.7Oilandpetroleumproducts-0.4-0.10.0-0.10.00.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-0.7-0.9-0.5-0.3-0.8Naturalgas18.617.918.718.817.819.3Renewablesandbiofuels6.46.96.65.24.35.3Electricity2.21.90.70.60.50.5Grossinlandconsumption4.24.95.84.63.74.7Solidfossilfuels4.24.04.34.84.34.6ofwhichhardcoal5.45.66.16.95.04.3ofwhichbrowncoal2.92.32.62.42.52.8Oilandpetroleumproducts4.73.83.94.34.34.3ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.81.52.12.52.52.9Naturalgas-0.4-0.7-0.9-0.5-0.3-0.8Nuclear0.00.00.00.10.10.1Renewablesandbiofuels9.69.210.110.310.310.3Electricity1.00.40.60.50.50.5Waste,non-renewable8.68.79.49.79.79.5AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.60.40.30.30.30.4Finalenergyconsumption3.03.03.23.63.43.7byFuel/Product1.41.11.31.11.21.3Solidfossilfuels0.51.01.31.41.61.5OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas0.50.91.01.11.21.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.10.20.20.2Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.10.10.1Liquidbiofuels2.12.32.42.62.52.7Biogases0.91.00.80.50.60.6Waste,non-renewableElectricity3.62.52.72.72.62.8Heat1.92.73.23.43.23.4bySector2.12.22.22.22.42.4Industry0.71.01.11.31.11.3Transport0.30.20.20.20.20.2Residential0.00.00.00.00.00.0ServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices184EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]11.110.010.911.211.011.2CombustibleFuels5.74.64.04.13.83.9Nuclear3.51.92.02.02.02.0Hydro1.93.03.23.43.43.4Wind0.00.50.70.70.70.7Solar0.00.01.01.01.11.3Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel[TWh]40.946.649.244.240.747.5Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale16.922.622.517.213.517.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.70.40.20.40.30.4Naturalgas2.22.01.92.22.33.0NuclearRenewablesandbiofuels18.215.215.416.616.616.5Wastesnon-RES3.06.49.27.98.010.6CogenerationHeatandPower0.00.00.00.00.0CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.0CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]216226581.11.21.3CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]2454182.93.93.81.3CHPHeatProduction[PJ]6976116.08.88.14.2TransportFuels[ktoe]31.939.636.28.8Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts1219163049.8013303732783109ofwhichLPG005144854603342ofwhichmotorgasoline010520473459451ofwhichGas/Dieseloil501Finalconsumptionbiofuels17.717.4200223202190pureandblendedbiogasoline9.18.81461791722389pureandblendedbiodiesel644406323227168MainEnergyIndicators68041811414814621Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]147Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]2275241418.018.217.2PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030499662849.59.99.518.6[toe/M€'15]46.6%40.4%39235134510.2EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1535.2%24.5%408364358347EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]101.0%86.0%360FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]97.5%104.3%2594269225662790ImportDependency[%]98.7%99.1%6831632158586872ofSolidfossilfuels93.5%92.6%36.6%38.3%38.1%36.3%ofHardCoal11.2%7.2%9.2%10.3%ofOilandpetroleumproducts45.713.93%96.1%57.6%69.0%100.2%ofCrudeandNGL57.71.50%103.9%104.2%99.4%99.0%ofNaturalGas100.5%102.6%99.4%98.6%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]57.9%12.36%97.0%100.4%96.4%96.2%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation7.0cap)24.33%18.26%21.55%23.32%17.02%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]6.49%7.89%9.10%7.61%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-48.4tion[%]60.018.98%23.51%23.59%18.79%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingandCooling[%]60.1%28.90%35.42%37.18%25.62%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]8.1CO2emissions-Nationaltotal48.743.037.042.8GHGemissions-Nationaltotal61.054.748.554.5MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index61.2%54.9%48.6%54.6%1990=100]8.57.87.07.9TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport185PART5CountryProfiles5.4Czechia20002010201520192020202130.831.928.626.623.524.4Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated25.020.716.813.410.210.5Production9.47.45.32.21.41.5Solidfossilfuels15.613.311.511.18.89.00.10.1ofwhichhardcoal0.40.30.20.20.10.1ofwhichbrowncoal0.20.20.10.10.20.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.20.20.20.27.57.6ofwhichcrudeoil3.57.26.77.55.25.6Naturalgas1.63.34.45.00.40.4Nuclear0.10.20.30.415.617.1Renewablesandbiofuels9.411.513.517.51.61.8Wastes,Non-Renewable-4.7-2.9-0.31.21.71.9NetImports-3.5-2.7-0.41.58.79.2Solidfossilfuels7.59.08.79.66.36.9ofwhichhardcoal5.67.87.27.96.37.2Oilandpetroleumproducts7.56.86.27.90.0-0.1ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.0-0.10.0-0.1-0.9-1.0Naturalgas-0.9-1.3-1.1-1.140.342.8Renewablesandbiofuels41.345.542.142.912.312.9Electricity21.618.816.414.23.43.8Grossinlandconsumption6.25.14.93.58.99.1Solidfossilfuels15.613.511.210.78.69.5ofwhichhardcoal7.99.38.99.96.27.2ofwhichbrowncoal5.88.07.38.07.37.8Oilandpetroleumproducts7.58.16.57.27.57.6ofwhichcrudeandNGL3.57.26.77.55.15.5Naturalgas1.63.24.44.9-0.9-1.0Nuclear-0.9-1.3-1.1-1.10.40.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.20.30.427.226.1Electricity26.427.725.927.23.02.5Waste,non-renewable2.12.92.53.024.223.8Availableforfinalconsumption24.024.123.124.2Finalnon-energyconsumption1.41.4Finalenergyconsumption4.21.91.61.46.46.9byFuel/Product5.26.36.46.75.25.5Solidfossilfuels5.96.15.05.23.43.7Oilandpetroleumproducts1.22.32.83.2Naturalgas2.62.9Renewablesandbiofuels1.12.02.32.50.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.40.4Solarthermal0.10.20.30.30.20.2Geothermal0.00.10.10.10.30.3Liquidbiofuels0.10.20.20.34.95.2Biogases4.24.74.75.02.02.2Waste,non-renewable2.62.42.02.0Electricity6.67.0Heat9.26.96.56.66.46.9bySector4.25.96.26.87.17.9Industry6.47.46.87.03.03.0Transport3.03.23.03.20.60.6Residential0.70.50.60.60.00.0Services0.50.10.10.0AgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices186EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]15.320.121.922.021.521.0CombustibleFuels11.512.013.013.012.411.9NuclearHydro1.83.94.34.34.34.3Wind2.12.22.32.32.32.3Solar0.00.20.30.30.30.3Geothermal0.01.72.12.12.22.2Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil73.585.883.886.981.484.9shaleOilandpetroleumproducts52.846.941.137.331.034.2NaturalgasNuclear0.40.20.10.10.10.1Renewablesandbiofuels3.94.25.07.98.57.9Wastesnon-RES13.628.026.830.230.030.7CogenerationHeatandPower2.86.510.711.211.711.9CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.00.00.10.10.10.1CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]4.68.58.38.0CHPHeatProduction[PJ]11.89.910.210.6TransportFuels[ktoe]14.011.412.012.5Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts106.099.1100.299.0ofwhichLPG464659246142662561936690ofwhichmotorgasoline199117182177174181ofwhichGas/DieseloilFinalconsumptionbiofuels192218681570160214561586pureandblendedbiogasoline252639394390484745634923pureandblendedbiodieselMainEnergyIndicators62231297340372361Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]05863746655Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203062173233267307306[toe/M€'15]EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1539.142.539.439.737.639.6EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]25.125.324.225.324.526.2FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]ImportDependency[%]344273233204205208ofSolidfossilfuelsofHardCoal363292248221219225ofOilandpetroleumproducts401743463990403237713996ofCrudeandNGL714882037953816376167938ofNaturalGas22.7%25.4%32.1%40.8%38.8%40.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]-22.0%-15.3%-1.8%8.6%12.8%14.0%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation-56.4%-53.9%-8.6%41.5%51.9%50.7%cap)95.3%96.5%97.8%97.5%101.2%96.9%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]95.2%97.5%98.4%98.6%101.7%96.2%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-99.8%84.8%95.1%109.8%86.0%92.1%tion[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand10.51%15.07%16.24%17.30%17.67%Cooling[%]5.22%6.54%7.84%9.38%7.49%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]7.52%14.07%14.05%14.81%14.54%CO2emissions-NationaltotalGHGemissions-Nationaltotal14.10%19.79%22.63%23.53%24.18%MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index129.0119.4106.7103.092.797.71990=100]152.9142.1130.2125.4114.1119.4TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]75.9%70.6%64.7%62.3%56.6%59.3%14.913.612.411.810.711.2totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport187PART5CountryProfiles5.5DenmarkMtoe,unlessotherwisestated20002010201520192020202127.823.416.212.59.59.6Production0.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.03.63.3ofwhichbrowncoal18.312.57.95.23.63.3Oilandpetroleumproducts18.312.57.95.21.21.3ofwhichcrudeoil7.47.34.12.80.00.0Naturalgas0.00.00.00.04.34.6Nuclear1.83.13.74.20.40.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.30.40.40.47.45.6Wastes,Non-Renewable-7.5-3.42.47.00.50.1NetImports3.82.61.51.30.50.1Solidfossilfuels3.82.61.51.33.52.0ofwhichhardcoal-8.5-3.80.43.43.74.4Oilandpetroleumproducts-10.0-5.1-0.42.80.80.5ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-2.9-3.0-1.4-0.21.92.5Naturalgas0.10.91.21.80.60.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.1-0.10.50.5Electricity19.520.317.317.316.016.9Grossinlandconsumption4.03.81.80.90.71.0Solidfossilfuels4.03.81.80.90.71.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal8.87.86.76.95.96.0Oilandpetroleumproducts8.37.47.57.87.37.8ofwhichcrudeandNGL4.44.42.92.52.11.9Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear1.94.05.06.06.27.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.1-0.10.50.50.60.4Electricity0.30.40.40.40.40.4Waste,non-renewable14.315.013.714.2Availableforfinalconsumption0.30.30.30.214.213.8Finalnon-energyconsumption14.014.813.513.50.20.2FinalenergyconsumptionbyFuel/Product0.30.10.10.113.513.1Solidfossilfuels6.35.95.15.1Oilandpetroleumproducts1.71.71.51.50.10.1Naturalgas0.71.41.61.64.74.8Renewablesandbiofuels1.51.60.61.21.21.11.61.7Solidbiofuelsandrenewablewaste0.00.00.00.01.01.1Solarthermal0.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.20.20.00.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Biogases0.00.00.00.00.30.3Waste,non-renewable2.82.82.62.60.00.0Electricity2.32.82.52.50.00.0Heat2.62.8bySector2.92.42.12.32.42.7Industry4.04.44.24.2Transport4.25.04.44.42.32.5Residential1.82.11.91.93.94.0Services1.00.90.80.74.34.5AgricultureandFishing0.00.00.00.11.82.0Others0.70.70.10.1MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices188EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]12.313.414.015.015.416.5CombustibleFuels9.99.68.17.87.87.8Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wind2.43.85.16.16.37.0Solar0.00.00.81.11.31.7Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,by36.038.928.929.528.733.0Fuel[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil16.717.07.13.33.14.4shaleOilandpetroleumproducts4.40.80.30.20.30.3Naturalgas8.87.91.82.11.21.5Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels5.612.418.923.123.426.1Wastesnon-RES0.60.70.80.80.80.8CogenerationHeatandPowerCHPElectricalCapacity[GW]6.15.15.04.6CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]11.610.68.310.1CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]40.035.925.030.5CHPHeatProduction[PJ]93.391.980.886.9TransportFuels[ktoe]Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts575455864846476844304529ofwhichLPG815955646369ofwhichmotorgasoline205516021412133911941224ofwhichGas/Dieseloil361939253378336531723236Finalconsumptionbiofuels028215226251257pureandblendedbiogasoline02744448082pureandblendedbiodiesel01171183172175MainEnergyIndicatorsPrimaryenergyconsumption2020-203019.119.916.816.915.516.4[Mtoe]Finalenergyconsumption2020-203014.715.514.214.313.113.8[Mtoe]PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030817862565353[toe/M€'15]EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/827963585455M€'15EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/365836733050297527392886capita]FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]675770215113508449345659ImportDependency[%]-38.3%-16.8%13.7%40.4%46.6%33.5%ofSolidfossilfuels94.9%69.4%85.0%154.0%74.7%12.7%ofHardCoal94.8%69.3%85.0%154.5%74.5%11.9%ofOilandpetroleumproducts-96.5%-49.0%6.0%49.6%60.6%33.0%ofCrudeandNGL-120.5%-68.8%-4.9%36.0%50.7%56.7%ofNaturalGas-64.8%-68.3%-48.2%-7.2%37.4%27.8%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]OverallRenewableshare(withavia-21.89%30.47%37.02%31.68%34.72%tioncap)RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]1.15%6.43%7.11%9.70%10.55%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGeneration[%]32.74%51.29%65.35%65.32%62.65%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand30.37%39.54%47.30%51.07%41.53%Cooling[%]Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal57.552.138.034.329.531.1GHGemissions-Nationaltotal74.467.152.348.543.845.1MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index101.5%91.5%71.4%66.2%59.8%61.6%1to9t9a0l=e1m0is0s]ionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmTaortiatilmGeHtGrapnesprocratpita[tCO2eq./capita]14.012.19.28.47.57.7189PART5CountryProfiles5.6GermanyMtoe,unlessotherwisestated200020102015201920202021135.2131.7120.5105.397.9103.0Production23.4Solidfossilfuels60.645.943.028.427.524.29.24.60.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal36.423.4ofwhichbrowncoal36.738.428.427.5Oilandpetroleumproducts4.43.73.53.23.13.0ofwhichcrudeoil3.22.52.52.01.91.8Naturalgas15.86.34.44.03.9Nuclear43.811.116.6Renewablesandbiofuels9.036.223.619.346.617.8Wastes,Non-Renewable1.730.939.845.74.246.6NetImports204.9182.2Solidfossilfuels21.73.94.34.219.74.2ofwhichhardcoal17.2204.6199.1207.519.6188.8Oilandpetroleumproducts126.197.3ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL101.531.636.126.784.025.8Naturalgas56.929.135.226.566.525.2Renewablesandbiofuels0.0112.2108.4108.40.494.8Electricity0.394.092.387.2-1.682.5Grossinlandconsumption342.461.658.775.7284.970.0Solidfossilfuels84.8-0.444.7-0.2ofwhichhardcoal43.80.40.2-2.821.1-1.6ofwhichbrowncoal37.2-1.3-4.2308.123.4295.9Oilandpetroleumproducts131.1338.2318.156.599.553.2ofwhichcrudeandNGL108.279.179.427.885.425.1Naturalgas71.939.840.228.574.627.5Nuclear43.836.738.1110.016.697.8Renewablesandbiofuels9.0113.2109.988.747.085.0Electricity0.396.695.175.6-1.678.1Waste,non-renewable1.775.965.219.34.217.8Availableforfinalconsumption234.836.223.645.3225.546.4Finalnon-energyconsumption25.331.339.9-2.821.6-1.6Finalenergyconsumption207.2-1.3-4.2200.8byFuel/Product3.94.34.24.2Solidfossilfuels5.6233.1220.8225.53.6214.5Oilandpetroleumproducts92.322.621.367.6Naturalgas53.0209.9200.021.652.121.4Renewablesandbiofuels200.817.2194.24.84.44.7Solidbiofuelsandrenewable74.973.03.410.03.4waste4.454.049.372.565.4Solarthermal16.215.652.40.856.8Geothermal0.116.60.118.0Liquidbiofuels0.011.29.93.6Biogases0.210.41.411.4Waste,non-renewable0.10.50.71.3Electricity0.00.10.10.741.50.7Heat41.63.22.70.18.90.1bySector6.80.81.32.83.1Industry1.01.01.454.81.1Transport51.445.744.31.351.01.2Residential60.011.39.642.758.042.5Services65.39.626.810.0AgricultureandFishing25.856.756.1Others53.155.155.63.655.90.363.855.056.20.152.34.334.832.357.758.827.528.81.31.50.20.13.63.60.10.1MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices190EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]118.9162.9203.3231.5233.7242.1CombustibleFuels80.885.897.0100.598.399.2Nuclear22.420.510.88.18.1Hydro9.511.211.39.510.810.8Wind6.127.044.610.762.263.8Solar0.118.039.260.753.759.4Geothermal0.00.00.048.90.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.0[TWh]576.5631.0646.50.0573.8586.7Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale605.4OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas296.7262.9272.2171.5134.6164.5NuclearRenewablesandbiofuels4.88.76.24.84.74.6Wastesnon-RES60.0100.974.5101.1105.4105.6CogenerationHeatandPower169.6140.691.8CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]39.7111.6194.775.164.469.1CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]246.3258.0236.1CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]5.86.47.1CHPHeatProduction[PJ]6.86.76.7TransportFuels[ktoe]Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts37.154.853.450.278.886.985.590.1ofwhichLPG12.214.314.915.3ofwhichmotorgasoline669.9663.2638.8670.2ofwhichGas/DieseloilFinalconsumptionbiofuels893217213570165704606595663765pureandblendedbiogasoline190920751607172916651538pureandblendedbiodieselMainEnergyIndicators304791920417226169891531115409Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]569335085751332517414898146818Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203023631662716282735573114[toe/M€'15]0749744725696742EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]22222441926204428012329FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]ImportDependency[%]317.1315.2295.9285.2262.2268.7ofSolidfossilfuels220.2223.0212.7214.7202.3209.9ofHardCoalofOilandpetroleumproducts12411398888484ofCrudeandNGLofNaturalGas134122105959192Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]416841353918371234253558OverallRenewableshare(withaviation701777147962729369007055cap)59.8%60.5%62.6%67.4%64.0%63.8%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]25.6%40.0%45.4%47.2%44.1%48.4%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-39.2%73.2%87.6%95.2%92.9%100.4%tion[%]96.2%99.1%98.7%98.5%97.8%96.9%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand93.8%97.3%97.1%98.3%98.3%97.0%Cooling[%]79.1%81.2%90.1%100.1%89.1%89.6%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal11.67%14.90%17.27%19.09%19.17%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal6.41%6.57%7.63%10.01%7.97%MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index18.24%30.88%40.60%44.21%43.68%1990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]12.06%13.43%14.50%14.48%15.44%918.4855.4822.6737.2660.9696.91059.8956.9921.4824.6744.7778.783.9%75.7%72.9%65.3%58.9%61.6%12.911.711.39.99.09.4totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport191PART5CountryProfiles5.7Estonia2000201020152019202020213.45.14.95.14.44.4Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.51.01.31.91.81.9ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas1.60.90.60.20.50.1Nuclear0.10.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.00.00.00.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable0.80.80.60.30.30.1NetImports0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.70.60.40.40.40.4ofwhichhardcoal0.0-0.1-0.4-0.6-0.5-0.7Oilandpetroleumproducts-0.1-0.3-0.10.20.30.2ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL4.75.94.94.94.54.6Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.00.00.00.00.0Electricity0.00.00.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption0.70.60.30.10.0-0.1Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.70.60.40.40.30.4ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.50.90.91.21.31.3ofwhichcrudeandNGL-0.1-0.3-0.10.20.30.2Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear2.53.12.53.03.03.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.20.10.10.10.10.2Electricity2.42.92.82.82.82.7Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.10.00.00.00.00.0Finalnon-energyconsumption0.70.91.01.00.90.9Finalenergyconsumption0.20.20.20.20.20.3byFuel/Product0.40.60.50.40.50.5SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts0.40.50.50.40.40.4NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.40.60.60.60.60.7Liquidbiofuels0.50.50.40.50.50.5BiogasesWaste,non-renewable0.60.60.50.50.40.4Electricity0.60.80.80.80.80.8Heat0.91.00.91.00.91.0bySector0.30.40.50.50.50.5Industry0.10.10.10.10.10.1Transport0.00.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices192EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]2.82.82.92.72.72.4CombustibleFuels2.82.62.62.32.21.7Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wind0.00.10.30.30.30.3Solar0.00.00.00.10.20.4Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,by8.513.010.17.66.17.2Fuel[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,7.711.27.94.32.23.4oilshaleOilandpetroleumproducts0.10.00.10.00.00.0Naturalgas0.80.70.51.10.80.8Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.01.01.62.13.02.9Wastesnon-RES0.00.00.10.10.10.1CogenerationHeatandPowerCHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.40.20.50.5CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]1.21.01.41.5CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]11.913.619.321.0CHPHeatProduction[PJ]12.53.612.816.5TransportFuels[ktoe]Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts655883945956885871ofwhichLPG81120302721ofwhichmotorgasoline296289243276216201ofwhichGas/Dieseloil351583683650642650Finalconsumptionbiofuels083273946pureandblendedbiogasoline043764pureandblendedbiodiesel030203341MainEnergyIndicatorsPrimaryenergyconsumption2020-20304.65.84.84.84.34.5[Mtoe]Finalenergyconsumption2020-20302.42.92.82.92.82.8[Mtoe]P[troime/Mar€y'1E5n]ergyIntensity2020-2030363333231198179171EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/376338235203187177M€'15EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/336144433690371133843464capita]FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]607597237718574845745417ImportDependency[%]34.7%15.2%11.8%4.9%11.2%1.5%ofSolidfossilfuels125.2%132.6%-6.8%107.2%391.7%95.2%ofHardCoal116.1%118.3%24.1%96.7%28.5%151.4%ofOilandpetroleumproducts117.3%130.2%188.9%547.2%-1758.5%-114.4%ofCrudeandNGL0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ofNaturalGas100.0%100.0%100.0%105.4%106.3%106.1%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]OverallRenewableshare(withavia-24.57%28.99%31.73%30.07%38.01%tioncap)RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]0.43%0.41%6.24%12.16%11.24%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-10.29%16.15%22.00%28.29%29.34%tion[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand43.16%50.03%52.19%58.83%61.32%Cooling[%]Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal15.519.116.012.59.310.5GHGemissions-Nationaltotal17.521.218.114.711.512.7MainEmissionsIndicatorsmG1tao9Hrt9Giat0ilnm=ea1met0iot0insr]aaslinotsonptsaolwretimthisosuiotnLsU[iLnUdeCxF,withind.C4O32,.4in%clud5in2g.5in%tern4a4tio.9n%alav3ia6t.i5o%n,exc2l8.i.n4t%ernatio3n1a.l6%TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]12.515.913.811.18.6199.63PART5CountryProfiles5.8Ireland2000201020152019202020212.21.82.04.23.63.0Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal1.00.20.12.11.71.3ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.20.61.01.51.61.5ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.10.10.10.1Naturalgas9.9Nuclear12.413.312.810.40.311.1Renewablesandbiofuels1.71.01.50.30.21.0Wastes,Non-Renewable1.70.91.50.36.61.0NetImports8.27.77.57.53.06.8Solidfossilfuels3.03.03.72.62.93.0ofwhichhardcoal2.54.53.62.40.23.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.10.10.20.00.1ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.00.00.10.10.1Naturalgas13.8Renewablesandbiofuels14.415.114.215.00.414.3Electricity1.81.21.50.40.40.9Grossinlandconsumption1.81.21.40.40.00.9Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.06.20.0ofwhichhardcoal8.27.87.07.42.96.7ofwhichbrowncoal3.43.03.42.64.63.1Oilandpetroleumproducts3.44.73.84.60.04.4ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.00.00.00.01.80.0Naturalgas0.20.71.11.60.01.6Nuclear0.00.00.10.10.10.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.10.10.1Electricity11.6Waste,non-renewable10.411.310.911.60.211.1Availableforfinalconsumption0.70.30.20.20.2Finalnon-energyconsumption11.3Finalenergyconsumption10.211.210.511.310.8byFuel/Product0.2Solidfossilfuels0.40.40.30.25.40.2Oilandpetroleumproducts6.56.55.65.92.05.6Naturalgas1.21.61.72.00.51.9Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.30.40.50.50.2Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.10.20.20.20.2waste0.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.20.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.10.10.20.00.2Biogases0.00.00.00.00.10.0Waste,non-renewable0.00.00.00.12.50.1Electricity1.72.22.22.40.02.5Heat0.00.00.00.00.0bySector2.1Industry2.51.92.02.23.52.2Transport3.53.93.94.13.23.7Residential2.73.62.83.01.83.1Services1.21.51.61.80.21.8AgricultureandFishing0.40.30.20.30.00.3Others0.00.00.00.00.0MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices194EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]4.78.19.711.111.211.1CombustibleFuels4.16.56.76.46.36.1Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.50.20.50.50.50.5Wind0.11.42.54.14.34.3Solar0.00.00.00.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel24.028.428.4[TWh]31.032.331.9Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil8.65.77.4shale4.60.60.42.41.63.0Oilandpetroleumproducts9.318.112.40.30.41.5Naturalgas0.00.00.015.916.215.2Nuclear1.53.98.10.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.112.013.811.9Wastesnon-RES0.30.30.3CogenerationHeatandPower4,8394,8930.3CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]1531482.10.30.30.3CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]7.52.12.12.0CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]1,5901,52712.66.76.56.4CHPHeatProduction[PJ]3,0963,21811.211.111.1TransportFuels[ktoe]4,544Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts0931534,8264,1924,415030180174178ofwhichLPG0621,020781578613ofwhichmotorgasoline3,371ofwhichGas/Dieseloil13.714.73,8653,4403,624Finalconsumptionbiofuels10.811.9122188175178pureandblendedbiogasoline24261920pureandblendedbiodiesel957798162155158MainEnergyIndicators10079Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]3,8043,31114.014.713.513.9Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]6,3476,23211.312.411.211.4PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203086.4%88.3%[toe/M€'15]93.3%77.7%53443834EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1593.1%77.5%54453935EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]100.6%99.2%3,0453,0562,7702,857FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]89.8%101.6%6,0706,3136,5016,366ImportDependency[%]72.1%95.3%89.8%69.3%72.0%77.9%ofSolidfossilfuels103.0%67.9%55.8%105.9%ofHardCoal47.15.76%103.0%67.0%55.1%106.0%ofOilandpetroleumproducts71.52.49%107.0%100.7%105.9%100.6%ofCrudeandNGL15.64%108.2%100.9%102.3%98.1%ofNaturalGas126.1%96.3%53.0%63.7%71.1%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]18.94.28%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation9.08%11.98%16.16%12.55%cap)44.15.94%8.92%10.19%4.30%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]65.425.73%39.05%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-36.46%36.40%tion[%]115.2%6.18%6.26%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand14.46.34%5.17%Cooling[%]41.236.3Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]64.340.660.238.9CO2emissions-Nationaltotal64.563.4GHGemissions-Nationaltotal113.3%106.2%MainEmissionsIndicators13.7113.7%12.1111.8%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index13.212.71990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport195PART5CountryProfiles5.9Greece20002010201520192020202110.09.58.56.45.05.2Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated7.35.73.11.61.48.20.00.00.00.00.0Production0.07.35.73.11.61.4Solidfossilfuels8.20.10.10.20.10.10.30.10.10.20.10.1ofwhichhardcoal0.30.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.02.02.73.13.23.7ofwhichcrudeoil1.50.00.10.00.00.0Naturalgas0.1Nuclear21.821.318.419.318.017.2Renewablesandbiofuels0.80.40.20.20.20.2Wastes,Non-Renewable0.80.40.20.20.20.2NetImports19.3Solidfossilfuels19.217.014.613.711.911.2ofwhichhardcoal1.719.121.822.422.523.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.03.22.74.45.05.4Naturalgas27.90.20.10.10.10.1Renewablesandbiofuels9.00.50.80.90.80.3Electricity0.728.324.123.620.421.5Grossinlandconsumption8.37.95.63.21.81.7Solidfossilfuels15.60.40.20.20.20.2ofwhichhardcoal19.37.55.43.01.71.5ofwhichbrowncoal1.714.512.011.89.610.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.019.221.522.822.123.5ofwhichcrudeandNGL1.53.22.74.54.95.4Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear0.12.22.83.23.33.8Renewablesandbiofuels18.50.50.80.90.80.3Electricity0.70.00.10.00.00.0Waste,non-renewable17.919.216.516.416.414.5Availableforfinalconsumption1.10.70.90.90.8Finalnon-energyconsumption0.918.415.715.415.414.5Finalenergyconsumption11.9byFuel/Product0.30.20.20.20.2Solidfossilfuels0.311.48.68.27.47.4Oilandpetroleumproducts1.11.00.91.11.2Naturalgas0.81.51.71.71.8Renewablesandbiofuels0.91.21.10.80.80.8Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.20.9waste0.00.30.30.30.3Solarthermal0.00.20.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.20.20.20.2Liquidbiofuels0.00.10.00.00.00.0Biogases3.70.00.10.00.00.0Waste,non-renewable0.00.04.44.34.14.2Electricity4.60.00.00.00.0Heat4.50.0bySector6.53.12.62.52.6Industry4.63.55.86.05.15.5Transport1.37.54.54.14.34.3Residential1.14.71.92.11.92.0Services0.02.00.30.30.30.3AgricultureandFishing0.80.30.20.30.2Others0.0MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices196EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]10.915.318.920.520.820.7CombustibleFuels7.610.610.910.610.08.4Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro3.13.4Wind0.23.23.43.43.44.6Solar0.01.32.13.64.14.3Geothermal0.00.22.62.83.30.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.0[TWh]53.857.451.948.648.354.7Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale34.330.822.112.16.65.3Oilandpetroleumproducts8.96.15.75.64.74.7Naturalgas5.99.89.119.222.5Nuclear0.00.00.014.50.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels4.60.017.722.2Wastesnon-RES0.210.614.90.00.0CogenerationHeatandPower0.10.116.1CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]100380.30.40.4CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]45698820.62.32.3CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]3202.00.44.24.2CHPHeatProduction[PJ]34713.92.216.817.0TransportFuels[ktoe]6111389410.94.5Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts566815.36350642907138514548ofwhichLPG01255316929ofwhichmotorgasoline0059618952027ofwhichGas/Dieseloil258639413855Finalconsumptionbiofuels27.212540212357pureandblendedbiogasoline18.73976205222pureandblendedbiodiesel15027.21586368MainEnergyIndicators15419.10193Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]258912625142154Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]4997131158PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203078.0%254916819.220.3[toe/M€'15]8.5%516323.414.415.2EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15105.8%75.1%16.622.3115112EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]123.4%5.1%13316.2122119FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]99.6%100.5%13712119082014ImportDependency[%]99.1%117.1%221812845025124ofSolidfossilfuels99.6%4778219687.9%80.0%ofHardCoal105.599.9%76.3%453410.2%9.6%ofOilandpetroleumproducts129.22.8%82.0%114.6%92.7%ofCrudeandNGL10.08%91.5%6.4%124.5%109.6%ofNaturalGas121.3%1.92%121.1%105.0%102.0%98.4%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]12.0101.5%116.1%100.7%99.4%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation12.31%99.9%98.1%cap)99.0%21.75%21.93%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]18.66%15.69%5.34%4.31%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-1.10%19.63%tion[%]99.94.05%35.86%35.93%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand121.822.09%Cooling[%]31.30%31.94%31.15%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]114.4%26.56%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal11.030.05%56.960.1GHGemissions-Nationaltotal77.876.880.0MainEmissionsIndicators98.969.7GHGnationaltotalemissions[index90.272.1%75.2%1990=100]92.8%7.27.5TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]9.184.7%8.4totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport197PART5CountryProfiles5.10Spain20002010201520192020202131.334.534.134.735.436.3Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated8.03.31.20.00.00.0Production5.42.50.80.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels2.60.80.40.00.00.00.20.10.20.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.20.10.20.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.10.00.10.10.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts16.016.114.915.215.214.7ofwhichcrudeoil6.714.617.318.819.621.0Naturalgas0.20.30.40.50.50.5Nuclear99.9106.794.9100.680.287.0Renewablesandbiofuels12.86.810.24.51.73.3Wastes,Non-Renewable13.36.910.14.11.22.8NetImports71.269.361.364.551.755.0Solidfossilfuels58.153.065.467.055.456.8ofwhichhardcoal15.531.023.831.427.229.5Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.4-0.4-0.4-0.7-0.8ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.4-0.70.00.60.30.1Naturalgas124.0130.1122.9126.8111.8118.6Renewablesandbiofuels20.97.313.65.13.13.1Electricity18.57.212.74.52.62.7Grossinlandconsumption2.80.20.70.20.00.0Solidfossilfuels64.460.952.556.245.750.3ofwhichhardcoal57.753.465.766.355.757.5ofwhichbrowncoal15.231.124.530.927.929.4Oilandpetroleumproducts16.016.114.915.215.214.7ofwhichcrudeandNGL6.815.017.018.419.120.5Naturalgas0.4-0.70.00.60.30.1Nuclear0.20.30.40.50.50.5Renewablesandbiofuels85.491.479.086.386.377.7Electricity9.57.14.35.45.45.8Waste,non-renewable76.385.575.981.581.572.3AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.80.50.40.40.30.3Finalenergyconsumption43.743.936.739.532.636.8byFuel/Product11.814.412.914.513.814.9SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts3.55.45.76.76.56.6NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels3.33.74.03.83.73.7Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.20.30.30.30.3waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.11.51.01.71.41.4Geothermal0.00.10.10.10.10.1Liquidbiofuels0.00.10.20.20.20.2Biogases16.221.020.020.218.919.6Waste,non-renewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0ElectricityHeat24.520.818.720.618.820.1bySector30.534.329.432.926.130.4Industry12.117.015.314.414.614.7Transport10.310.1Residential6.79.89.59.6Services2.62.22.72.93.03.1AgricultureandFishing0.01.50.40.30.30.2OthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices198EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]53.9101.7106.8109.7108.3111.0CombustibleFuels26.250.449.345.741.839.8Nuclear7.57.47.17.17.1Hydro7.518.520.120.120.120.1Wind18.020.722.925.626.827.9Solar4.67.011.112.416.0Geothermal2.20.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.0[TWh]0.0301.4280.7273.1263.2274.0Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil224.5shale79.125.351.412.95.54.9Oilandpetroleumproducts22.616.617.212.910.710.0Naturalgas21.995.853.884.870.472.7Nuclear62.262.057.258.358.356.6Renewablesandbiofuels38.0101.0100.3103.2117.3129.0Wastesnon-RES0.6CogenerationHeatandPower0.70.81.01.00.9CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]37047CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]2775376763.55.05.04.8CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]9019206322.729.726.927.5CHPHeatProduction[PJ]562010.910.0TransportFuels[ktoe]252538.1143.29.8138.9Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts7129994120.3132.4014533494133576ofwhichLPG71232332091386299671266ofwhichmotorgasoline12211500547312165361ofwhichGas/Dieseloil114.546024348Finalconsumptionbiofuels80.0123.02808126949pureandblendedbiogasoline13189.6271071672244031403pureandblendedbiodiesel14211410041311403114MainEnergyIndicators30651211921541871289Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]554727998121316Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]6483120.6112.1PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203080.5%118.286.5105.080.3[toe/M€'15]61.3%82.0%80.510173.8100EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1571.5%92.8%11010699106EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]110.5%95.7%11427021062502FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]100.6%113.7%2646581923625781ImportDependency[%]101.6%99.3%60435561ofSolidfossilfuels99.4%79.3%73.4%ofHardCoal319.677.2%89.5%71.8%105.7%ofOilandpetroleumproducts392.913.78%75.4%91.6%54.8%106.1%ofCrudeandNGL5.02%79.6%114.8%46.2%109.4%ofNaturalGas134.3%116.7%101.0%113.2%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]9.729.75%99.5%101.6%99.5%98.7%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation96.9%97.5%100.4%cap)12.50%17.85%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]16.22%7.61%21.22%20.73%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-295.51.09%9.53%9.19%tion[%]367.437.13%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand36.97%42.94%45.96%Cooling[%]125.6%17.20%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]7.916.85%17.97%17.40%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal269.6GHGemissions-Nationaltotal285.3328.9220.0238.5MainEmissionsIndicators348.3278.7297.2GHGnationaltotalemissions[index112.5%1990=100]119.1%7.095.3%101.6%TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]7.55.96.3totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport199PART5CountryProfiles5.11France200020102015201920202021129.1136.7140.8134.1122.6130.8Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated2.10.00.00.00.00.0Production2.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.10.00.00.00.00.01.91.21.10.90.80.8ofwhichhardcoal1.70.90.90.70.70.7ofwhichbrowncoal1.50.60.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts107.1111.6114.0104.092.298.9ofwhichcrudeoil15.622.024.127.427.929.4Naturalgas0.91.31.71.71.61.7Nuclear132.7132.4120.2120.399.6107.3Renewablesandbiofuels12.812.19.27.35.16.2Wastes,Non-Renewable12.311.28.86.84.85.2NetImports90.083.281.877.864.768.0Solidfossilfuels85.465.559.249.533.834.5ofwhichhardcoal35.839.634.539.233.135.6Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.20.31.00.71.4ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-6.0-2.6-5.5-5.0-3.9-3.9Naturalgas255.9269.7260.0251.4223.4241.8Renewablesandbiofuels14.912.09.37.35.38.5Electricity14.111.19.16.95.05.8Grossinlandconsumption0.10.00.10.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels87.682.781.277.364.768.8ofwhichhardcoal86.866.759.950.334.535.5ofwhichbrowncoal35.842.635.037.534.937.0Oilandpetroleumproducts107.1111.6114.0104.092.298.9ofwhichcrudeandNGL15.622.224.328.428.630.8Naturalgas-6.0-2.6-5.5-5.0-3.9-3.9Nuclear0.91.31.71.71.61.7Renewablesandbiofuels156.7161.7157.1155.3155.3141.1Electricity17.013.914.013.513.512.7Waste,non-renewable145.1146.3140.6138.9138.9127.8AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption2.31.81.11.00.81.0Finalenergyconsumption67.558.456.753.647.251.4byFuel/Product29.832.028.728.326.529.3Solidfossilfuels12.913.214.813.915.9Oilandpetroleumproducts9.0Naturalgas9.18.18.27.78.6Renewablesandbiofuels8.40.10.20.20.20.2Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.12.43.03.52.93.2Solarthermal0.30.10.10.20.20.3Geothermal0.10.10.40.50.40.5Liquidbiofuels0.238.237.437.135.437.2Biogases33.12.83.13.73.64.1Waste,non-renewable3.2Electricity27.727.627.225.527.2Heat32.243.645.545.138.142.7bySector45.245.439.939.638.642.2Industry40.624.122.321.920.421.9Transport18.7Residential4.44.54.44.74.6Services4.31.00.70.60.60.8AgricultureandFishing4.1OthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices200EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]114.5124.1132.2136.3136.9141.9CombustibleFuels25.928.425.919.819.820.4Nuclear63.263.163.163.161.461.4Hydro25.225.425.625.926.026.3Wind0.05.910.316.417.518.7Solar0.01.07.110.812.114.8Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.20.20.20.20.20.2GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel[TWh]540.0569.2578.9570.4531.8554.7Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil27.0shale7.223.411.93.63.15.4Oilandpetroleumproducts15.45.56.75.95.65.7Naturalgas41.537.135.3Nuclear415.226.723.8399.0353.8379.4Renewablesandbiofuels74.2428.5437.4117.9129.8126.7Wastesnon-RES1.12.42.32.2CogenerationHeatandPower83.096.8CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]619522.02.36.66.57.0CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]381518.117.518.5CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]550935.6CHPHeatProduction[PJ]14494264513.93.23.23.3TransportFuels[ktoe]436437744159.9177.1174.4Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts2.532644705154.9507124506248647ofwhichLPG592420190617821941ofwhichmotorgasoline39953455821370428298ofwhichGas/Dieseloil26820212035Finalconsumptionbiofuels7082405933623838407pureandblendedbiogasoline239.0254.5348129353172pureandblendedbiodiesel154.8154.044338653555710MainEnergyIndicators3004280523562460Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]130122432Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]1391292565235.1208.0224.8PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203042274171145.1129.7143.6[toe/M€'15]89188802244.3EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1551.8%49.1%148.01009697EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]86.3%101.0%107103104FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]87.2%100.6%111374233193574ImportDependency[%]102.7%100.6%118849178998199ofSolidfossilfuels98.5%98.2%391347.9%44.6%44.4%ofHardCoal100.0%92.8%871099.6%96.3%73.4%ofOilandpetroleumproducts46.2%99.2%95.8%88.6%ofCrudeandNGL407.112.67%98.4%100.6%100.0%98.8%ofNaturalGas548.26.58%97.0%98.4%97.9%97.2%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]100.7%104.5%94.7%96.1%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation99.1%14.81%98.8%cap)9.198.5%17.17%19.11%19.34%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]16.16%9.25%9.21%8.21%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-14.80%tion[%]428.58.37%22.39%24.82%25.02%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand560.4Cooling[%]18.82%22.36%23.37%24.21%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]101.3%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal8.718.88%397.1403.0381.3GHGemissions-Nationaltotal519.1523.0498.8MainEmissionsIndicators441.2GHGnationaltotalemissions[index566.393.9%94.6%90.2%1990=100]7.77.87.4TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]102.4%8.5totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport201PART5CountryProfiles5.12Croatia2000201020152019202020214.35.24.43.93.74.0Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels1.30.80.70.70.70.61.30.80.70.70.70.6ofwhichhardcoal1.42.21.50.90.70.6ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.62.22.22.32.32.7ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas4.14.44.25.04.54.8Nuclear0.50.70.60.40.40.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.40.60.60.40.40.4Wastes,Non-Renewable2.43.02.62.52.12.3NetImports3.93.62.41.91.41.3Solidfossilfuels0.90.50.61.61.71.8ofwhichhardcoal0.0-0.1-0.3-0.1-0.1-0.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.30.30.60.50.40.3ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL8.59.58.58.88.38.7Naturalgas0.40.70.60.40.40.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.40.60.60.40.30.4Electricity0.00.00.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption4.03.73.23.32.83.0Solidfossilfuels5.54.43.02.72.12.0ofwhichhardcoal2.22.62.12.42.52.4ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.62.12.02.12.22.5ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.30.30.60.50.40.3Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear6.67.77.07.37.37.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.70.60.50.60.60.5Electricity5.97.16.56.76.76.4Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.10.20.10.10.10.1Finalnon-energyconsumption2.62.82.62.72.52.6Finalenergyconsumption1.01.31.01.11.11.2byFuel/Product1.01.31.31.21.21.3SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts1.01.21.21.11.11.2NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.10.10.1waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal1.01.41.31.41.31.4Liquidbiofuels0.20.20.20.20.30.3BiogasesWaste,non-renewable1.31.31.11.21.21.2Electricity1.52.02.02.22.02.1Heat2.32.82.42.22.32.4bySector0.50.80.80.80.80.8Industry0.30.30.20.20.30.3Transport0.00.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices202EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]2.14.14.84.74.74.9CombustibleFuels0.01.92.11.81.51.5Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro2.12.12.22.22.22.2Wind0.00.10.40.60.81.0Solar0.00.00.00.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel11.314.911.412.813.415.2[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil1.62.42.31.61.21.5shale1.70.60.20.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.62.61.22.63.43.1Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear6.59.47.78.58.710.6Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower229326290.60.90.90.9CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]1001830.82.32.72.8CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]8356927.118.317.618.0CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]10.017.620.020.0CHPHeatProduction[PJ]13591755TransportFuels[ktoe]032461260923592507Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts0015715012913603567508423473ofwhichLPGofwhichmotorgasoline7.88.91737195118071898ofwhichGas/Dieseloil6.07.224636691Finalconsumptionbiofuels2211940111pureandblendedbiogasoline23920824626590pureandblendedbiodiesel18832201MainEnergyIndicators250834638.08.27.88.3Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]48.4%46.7%6.66.96.57.0Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]110.9%102.6%176159165155PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030112.8%102.8%188171176163[toe/M€'15]61.0%80.8%2013215620462154EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1572.1%82.3%2699313032983768EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]41.0%18.1%48.8%56.4%53.7%54.7%FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]103.0%107.3%106.0%100.7%ImportDependency[%]19.925.10%102.4%108.6%106.7%100.7%ofSolidfossilfuels25.91.12%81.5%76.9%74.2%79.0%ofHardCoal79.6%71.1%68.0%67.3%ofOilandpetroleumproducts80.9%37.52%27.1%66.4%68.8%74.5%ofCrudeandNGL5.7ofNaturalGas32.88%28.97%28.47%31.02%31.33%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]2.36%5.85%6.59%6.98%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation21.3cap)28.545.41%49.78%53.82%53.47%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-89.1%38.62%36.79%36.93%38.03%tion[%]6.6RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand18.218.517.017.7Cooling[%]25.025.424.124.7Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal78.1%79.5%75.3%77.4%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal5.96.25.96.1MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index1990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport203PART5CountryProfiles5.13Italy20002010201520192020202128.232.936.136.937.536.7Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.10.10.00.00.0Production0.00.10.10.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.04.75.65.84.75.95.2ofwhichhardcoal4.65.15.54.35.44.8ofwhichbrowncoal13.66.95.53.93.32.6Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil9.619.423.627.127.127.7Naturalgas0.31.01.11.21.21.1Nuclear152.4148.5121.4122.5105.8114.9Renewablesandbiofuels13.113.812.36.44.75.4Wastes,Non-Renewable12.913.811.96.24.75.1NetImports88.066.852.452.442.045.1Solidfossilfuels83.678.261.763.150.256.8ofwhichhardcoal47.061.650.057.954.158.5Oilandpetroleumproducts0.52.52.72.52.22.2ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL3.83.84.03.32.83.7Naturalgas174.5176.8155.7155.4141.6153.7Renewablesandbiofuels12.613.712.36.55.15.5Electricity12.213.611.86.35.05.3Grossinlandconsumption0.00.20.20.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels89.968.456.754.044.951.0ofwhichhardcoal87.982.867.067.355.761.8ofwhichbrowncoal57.968.155.360.958.362.4Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL10.121.926.329.529.329.9Naturalgas3.83.84.03.32.83.7Nuclear0.31.01.11.21.21.1Renewablesandbiofuels128.8131.7117.6118.7118.7109.3Electricity8.49.66.67.07.06.8Waste,non-renewable119.7123.1112.1113.1113.1103.1AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption1.50.60.50.60.40.3Finalenergyconsumption55.045.641.238.932.238.4byFuel/Product37.638.533.033.031.834.4Solidfossilfuels10.910.711.4Oilandpetroleumproducts1.79.18.4Naturalgas6.76.57.1Renewablesandbiofuels1.57.46.80.20.20.2Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.10.20.10.10.1waste0.20.10.11.31.31.4Solarthermal0.01.41.20.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.30.30.3Liquidbiofuels0.10.20.325.123.725.1Biogases23.525.724.74.23.93.1Waste,non-renewable0.03.33.9Electricity24.923.925.3Heat37.629.024.935.929.035.3bySector39.738.636.431.130.732.0Industry27.635.432.518.216.617.5Transport11.517.015.4Residential2.93.03.0Services3.22.92.90.10.00.1AgricultureandFishing0.20.20.1OthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices204EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]75.5106.6117.0116.4116.4117.2CombustibleFuels54.074.765.661.360.159.5Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro20.321.522.222.522.722.7Wind5.89.110.710.911.3Solar0.43.618.920.921.722.6Geothermal0.00.70.80.80.80.8Tide,WaveandOcean0.60.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.0[TWh]275.9301.3282.4293.2280.0288.5Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale26.339.743.218.813.414.0Oilandpetroleumproducts85.921.713.410.210.0Naturalgas105.6157.4113.0144.1135.37.7Nuclear145.9Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RES57.680.3110.3117.7118.90.0CogenerationHeatandPower118.4CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.52.12.42.42.4CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]2.4CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]47568416499.08.69.2CHPHeatProduction[PJ]4286367539.540.539.97.4TransportFuels[ktoe]14.013.813.934.7Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts1765210462213.2216.9213.412.02562927512169.9ofwhichLPG378033653430351ofwhichmotorgasoline0141935723572319035906ofwhichGas/Dieseloil01228217785061443419Finalconsumptionbiofuels07396pureandblendedbiogasoline1297260142511121017pureandblendedbiodiesel166.111671276126525091MainEnergyIndicators124.8167.32530201415Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]128.511421246124527Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]1001388PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203010598149.1145.9132.3[toe/M€'15]3066103116.2115.4102.7145.3EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1548462988113.3EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]87.3%5090908484FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]104.6%84.0%94909086ImportDependency[%]105.7%100.8%256225982374ofSolidfossilfuels97.9%101.4%46454902469591ofHardCoal95.1%97.6%78.0%78.8%74.7%2594ofOilandpetroleumproducts81.1%94.5%100.2%98.6%93.0%4870ofCrudeandNGL90.5%100.5%98.4%93.1%74.7%ofNaturalGas478.592.4%97.1%93.5%97.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]568.013.02%92.2%93.9%90.2%97.0%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation4.92%90.4%95.1%92.8%88.5%cap)108.0%92.0%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]10.020.09%17.53%18.18%20.36%93.7%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-6.50%9.05%10.74%tion[%]15.64%38.08%19.03%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand33.46%34.97%Cooling[%]445.319.95%10.00%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]532.319.25%19.70%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal307.136.00%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal101.2%371.5352.8388.8MainEmissionsIndicators9.0455.4434.819.71%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index73.9%1990=100]86.6%82.7%6.5342.2TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]7.57.3422.680.4%7.1totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport205PART5CountryProfiles5.14Cyprus2000201020152019202020210.00.10.10.20.20.2Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.10.10.20.20.2ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas2.63.02.52.72.42.4Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable2.52.92.42.62.32.2NetImports1.20.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.10.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL2.42.82.32.62.32.4Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Electricity0.00.00.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption2.32.62.12.32.02.0Solidfossilfuels1.20.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.10.20.20.30.3ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear1.51.71.41.71.71.6Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.10.00.00.00.0Electricity1.41.61.41.61.61.5Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0Finalnon-energyconsumption1.01.10.91.00.90.9Finalenergyconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0byFuel/Product0.00.10.10.20.20.2SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.10.10.1NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.10.10.10.10.10.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.30.40.40.40.40.4Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0BiogasesWaste,non-renewable0.40.20.20.20.20.2Electricity0.60.80.60.70.60.7Heat0.20.30.30.40.40.4bySector0.10.20.20.30.20.3Industry0.00.00.00.00.00.0Transport0.10.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices206EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]1.01.61.81.81.92.0CombustibleFuels1.01.51.51.51.51.5Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wind0.00.10.20.20.20.2Solar0.00.00.10.20.20.3Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel5.14.85.1[TWh]3.45.34.5Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil0.00.00.0shale0.00.00.04.64.34.3Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.0Naturalgas3.45.24.10.00.00.0Nuclear0.00.00.00.50.60.8Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RES0.00.10.4CogenerationHeatandPower0.00.00.00.00.00.0CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.00.00.0CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]0.00.60.80.7CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]0.00.10.20.2CHPHeatProduction[PJ]0.1TransportFuels[ktoe]0.2881779819Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts696262833949800ofwhichLPG356301323ofwhichmotorgasoline606061457416434ofwhichGas/DieseloilFinalconsumptionbiofuels218413365112525pureandblendedbiogasoline010pureandblendedbiodiesel556476374MainEnergyIndicators112525Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]01510Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]2.52.22.3PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-20300001.91.61.7[toe/M€'15]112102101EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1501510116106105EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]299825712689FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]2.32.72.3587054615714ImportDependency[%]1.61.91.7102.6%104.4%98.9%ofSolidfossilfuels117.2%105.4%97.6%ofHardCoal167137127117.2%105.4%97.6%ofOilandpetroleumproducts111.6%116.0%110.7%ofCrudeandNGL1731421280.0%0.0%0.0%ofNaturalGas3511337027150.0%0.0%0.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]488164975354OverallRenewableshare(withaviation106.4%107.4%107.6%13.78%16.88%18.42%cap)102.0%65.6%100.0%3.32%7.40%7.19%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]102.0%65.4%100.0%9.76%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-108.4%111.5%114.5%12.04%14.84%tion[%]98.5%0.0%0.0%35.05%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand0.0%0.0%0.0%37.12%41.34%Cooling[%]8.4Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]6.16%9.90%10.07.27.6CO2emissions-Nationaltotal1.99%2.52%8.99.3GHGemissions-Nationaltotal1.39%8.45%156.9%MainEmissionsIndicators11.4139.7%145.9%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index18.81%24.07%10.010.41990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]7.98.97.79.210.49.2144.7%162.8%143.8%13.412.710.8totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport207PART5CountryProfiles5.15Latvia2000201020152019202020211.42.02.32.82.72.7Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.42.02.32.82.72.7ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas2.42.22.42.22.11.8Nuclear0.10.10.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.10.00.00.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable1.21.71.81.81.71.6NetImports0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels1.10.91.11.10.91.0ofwhichhardcoal-0.2-0.6-0.7-0.9-0.8-0.9Oilandpetroleumproducts0.20.10.20.10.10.2ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL3.94.64.44.64.44.6Naturalgas0.10.10.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.10.00.00.00.0Electricity0.00.00.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption1.31.51.51.51.41.5Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal1.11.51.11.10.91.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.21.41.51.81.81.9ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.20.10.20.10.10.2Naturalgas0.00.00.10.00.10.0Nuclear3.34.13.84.04.03.9Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.10.10.10.10.1Electricity3.24.03.73.93.93.8Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.10.10.00.00.00.0Finalnon-energyconsumption1.01.31.31.31.31.3Finalenergyconsumption0.30.50.30.30.30.4byFuel/Product0.80.90.91.01.01.0SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts0.80.90.91.00.91.0NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.10.00.10.0Geothermal0.40.50.60.60.60.6Liquidbiofuels0.60.60.50.60.60.6BiogasesWaste,non-renewable0.60.80.80.90.90.9Electricity0.71.11.01.11.01.1Heat1.31.41.11.21.11.2bySector0.50.60.60.60.60.6Industry0.10.20.20.20.20.2Transport0.00.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices208EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]2.12.62.92.92.92.9CombustibleFuels0.61.01.31.31.31.3Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro1.51.61.61.61.61.6Wind0.00.00.10.10.10.1Solar0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel4.16.65.56.45.75.8[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil0.10.00.00.00.00.0shale0.10.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.13.02.83.22.12.1Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear2.83.62.83.23.63.7Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower8891,2781.11.31.31.3CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]50502.52.62.12.6CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]44.741.136.245.2CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]35430212.413.712.113.1CHPHeatProduction[PJ]485926TransportFuels[ktoe]1,2651,3311,2801,319Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts0279882777408ofwhichLPG0213182175172ofwhichmotorgasoline199541,0671,0281,073ofwhichGas/Dieseloil3.8Finalconsumptionbiofuels3.34.625374949pureandblendedbiogasoline2644.1871312pureandblendedbiodiesel2692203638MainEnergyIndicators1,6232231730Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]1,7372,1834.34.5Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]61.1%3,1254.34.63.94.1PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203084.1%48.0%3.84.1157158[toe/M€'15]82.5%106.5%174164161162EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1595.5%106.6%1781682,2862,419EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]0.0%110.0%2,2052,4213,0013,088FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]101.9%0.0%2,7863,35347.6%40.1%ImportDependency[%]61.8%54.2%46.7%89.6%93.1%ofSolidfossilfuels7.285.2%110.8%89.6%93.1%ofHardCoal10.330.38%85.2%110.8%120.9%106.6%ofOilandpetroleumproducts3.98%120.6%119.2%0.0%0.0%ofCrudeandNGL39.1%0.0%0.0%100.1%100.0%ofNaturalGas4.342.05%98.6%100.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]42.13%42.11%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation40.74%37.54%40.93%6.73%6.44%cap)3.64%4.55%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]8.953.36%51.40%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-12.252.21%53.42%tion[%]57.09%57.38%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand46.5%51.74%57.75%Cooling[%]5.87.27.5Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]7.68.110.711.0CO2emissions-Nationaltotal11.111.6GHGemissions-Nationaltotal40.6%41.8%MainEmissionsIndicators42.2%44.2%5.65.8GHGnationaltotalemissions[index5.66.11990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport209PART5CountryProfiles5.16LithuaniaMtoe,unlessotherwisestated2000201020152019202020213.51.61.92.02.02.2Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.30.10.10.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.30.10.10.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil2.30.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas0.71.21.51.71.71.9Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.10.1Renewablesandbiofuels4.35.75.56.05.96.0Wastes,Non-Renewable0.10.20.10.20.10.1NetImports0.00.10.10.20.10.1Solidfossilfuels2.32.72.73.23.13.1ofwhichhardcoal4.69.18.79.67.98.1Oilandpetroleumproducts2.12.52.11.92.01.9ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.0-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.10.0Naturalgas-0.10.50.60.80.70.8Renewablesandbiofuels7.37.17.27.87.67.9Electricity0.10.20.20.20.10.2Grossinlandconsumption0.00.10.20.20.10.1Solidfossilfuels0.10.10.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal2.22.62.63.02.92.9ofwhichbrowncoal4.99.28.79.67.98.0Oilandpetroleumproducts2.12.52.11.92.01.9ofwhichcrudeandNGL2.30.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas0.71.11.41.61.71.9Nuclear-0.10.50.60.80.70.8Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.10.1Electricity4.35.45.96.66.66.4Waste,non-renewable0.70.71.11.21.21.1Availableforfinalconsumption3.74.84.85.55.55.3Finalnon-energyconsumptionFinalenergyconsumption0.10.20.20.20.10.2byFuel/Product1.31.61.82.22.12.1Solidfossilfuels0.40.60.50.60.60.6Oilandpetroleumproducts0.60.70.70.70.80.8NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.60.70.60.60.60.6Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.10.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Biogases0.50.70.80.90.91.0Waste,non-renewable0.80.90.80.80.70.9ElectricityHeat0.80.91.01.11.01.1bySector1.01.51.82.22.12.1Industry1.41.61.41.41.41.6Transport0.50.60.60.60.60.6Residential0.10.10.10.10.10.1Services0.00.00.00.00.00.0AgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices210EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]5.73.63.63.43.53.7CombustibleFuels2.52.52.21.81.91.9Nuclear2.40.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.90.90.90.90.90.9Wind0.00.10.40.50.50.7Solar0.00.00.10.10.20.3Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel11.35.54.73.75.34.9[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil0.00.00.00.00.00.0shale0.70.60.30.10.10.1Oilandpetroleumproducts1.63.22.00.51.71.2Naturalgas8.40.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear0.61.72.43.13.43.3Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.10.10.10.2Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower1,1851,5451.00.60.60.5CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]2052241.51.11.21.3CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]40029831.327.423.625.7CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]57912.411.011.713.7CHPHeatProduction[PJ]01,023TransportFuels[ktoe]0451,7642,1902,1322,127Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts01017515814213434201244238238ofwhichLPG6.5ofwhichmotorgasoline3.86.21,3881,7881,7521,755ofwhichGas/Dieseloil3234.86875103127Finalconsumptionbiofuels36319910101617pureandblendedbiogasoline2,093228586587110pureandblendedbiodiesel3,2272,254MainEnergyIndicators58.5%1,7505.86.36.26.6Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]101.7%80.6%4.95.65.35.7Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]100.0%95.7%155145143144PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030105.2%109.7%192180176173[toe/M€'15]94.5%104.0%2,4592,7922,7322,843EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15100.0%99.0%1,5981,3421,9011,748EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]99.7%76.2%77.1%76.7%75.0%FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]11.990.6%108.1%87.9%91.9%ImportDependency[%]19.619.64%90.1%109.1%86.7%91.2%ofSolidfossilfuels3.79%103.6%107.3%109.2%108.3%ofHardCoal40.4%7.40%99.5%100.8%99.4%100.3%ofOilandpetroleumproducts5.699.7%100.0%98.9%100.8%ofCrudeandNGL32.53%ofNaturalGas25.75%25.47%26.77%28.23%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]14.04.58%4.05%5.51%6.46%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation20.9cap)15.54%18.79%20.17%21.28%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]43.1%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-6.746.08%47.37%50.35%48.63%tion[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand13.314.113.714.1Cooling[%]20.420.720.420.5Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal42.1%42.5%41.9%42.2%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal7.07.47.37.3MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index1990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport211PART5CountryProfiles5.17LuxembourgMtoe,unlessotherwisestated2000201020152019202020210.10.10.20.20.30.3Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas0.00.10.10.20.30.3Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels3.64.54.04.33.73.9Wastes,Non-Renewable0.10.10.00.00.00.0NetImports0.10.10.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels2.42.92.63.02.42.6ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.71.20.80.70.60.7ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.00.00.10.10.10.1Naturalgas0.50.30.50.50.50.5Renewablesandbiofuels3.74.64.24.54.04.2Electricity0.10.10.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption0.10.10.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal2.32.92.62.92.42.6ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.71.20.80.70.60.7ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas0.00.10.20.30.40.4Nuclear0.50.30.50.50.50.5Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Electricity3.23.93.63.83.83.3Waste,non-renewable0.10.00.00.00.00.0Availableforfinalconsumption3.23.93.53.83.83.3Finalnon-energyconsumptionFinalenergyconsumption0.10.10.00.00.00.0byFuel/Product1.92.42.12.31.81.9Solidfossilfuels0.60.70.60.60.60.6Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.10.10.20.20.2NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.10.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Biogases0.50.60.50.60.50.5Waste,non-renewable0.00.10.10.10.10.1ElectricityHeat0.70.80.60.60.60.6bySector1.62.22.02.21.71.8Industry0.50.50.50.50.50.5Transport0.40.40.40.50.50.6Residential0.00.00.00.00.00.0Services0.00.00.00.00.00.0AgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices212EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]1.21.72.01.81.81.9CombustibleFuels0.10.50.50.10.10.1Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro1.11.11.31.31.31.3Wind0.00.00.10.10.20.1Solar0.00.00.10.20.20.3Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel1.24.62.81.92.22.2[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil0.00.00.00.00.00.0shale0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.22.90.80.20.20.2Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear0.91.61.91.62.02.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.10.10.10.1Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower193224050.10.10.10.1CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]26130.40.40.50.5CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]12.722.122.724.2CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]5983622.43.84.85.3CHPHeatProduction[PJ]13072031TransportFuels[ktoe]2144230618181915Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts042111081101ofwhichLPG0293343262317ofwhichmotorgasoline411841195315481586ofwhichGas/Dieseloil3.6Finalconsumptionbiofuels3.54.683130142138pureandblendedbiogasoline994.37171418pureandblendedbiodiesel10095MainEnergyIndicators84339576113129120Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]26909250Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]99.6%91454.14.53.94.2PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030100.0%97.1%4.04.43.84.1[toe/M€'15]100.0%102.2%77766767EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15102.1%102.5%77766768EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]0.0%99.3%7422740563396659FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]100.0%0.0%4913310935683483ImportDependency[%]100.0%96.0%95.0%92.3%92.5%ofSolidfossilfuels12.299.8%93.1%112.3%97.5%ofHardCoal13.12.85%99.8%92.3%114.0%97.1%ofOilandpetroleumproducts2.09%99.3%100.4%99.9%99.9%ofCrudeandNGL99.9%3.79%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ofNaturalGas30.3100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]4.70%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation4.99%7.05%11.70%11.74%cap)9.76.70%7.71%12.58%7.96%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]10.66.20%10.86%13.89%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-14.22%tion[%]80.7%6.86%8.69%12.61%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand21.112.92%Cooling[%]13.411.912.5Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]14.312.913.512.3CO2emissions-Nationaltotal13.3GHGemissions-Nationaltotal108.9%97.9%102.5%MainEmissionsIndicators25.420.921.5101.0%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index20.91990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport213PART5CountryProfiles5.18Hungary20002010201520192020202111.611.711.110.810.610.7Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated2.91.61.51.00.90.8Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels2.91.61.51.00.90.81.71.10.91.21.01.1ofwhichhardcoal1.71.10.91.11.01.1ofwhichbrowncoal2.52.21.41.31.31.2Oilandpetroleumproducts3.74.04.04.14.14.0ofwhichcrudeoil0.82.73.23.13.13.4Naturalgas0.00.10.10.10.10.1Nuclear13.915.113.618.614.814.8Renewablesandbiofuels1.11.10.80.80.70.5Wastes,Non-Renewable0.91.31.01.00.90.8NetImports5.25.86.67.16.57.0Solidfossilfuels5.85.86.25.95.95.9ofwhichhardcoal7.37.75.29.86.66.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.0-0.2-0.2-0.1-0.2ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.30.41.21.11.01.1Naturalgas25.226.625.226.726.127.4Renewablesandbiofuels3.82.72.41.81.71.4Electricity0.91.31.01.00.90.8Grossinlandconsumption3.01.71.61.01.00.8Solidfossilfuels6.96.87.08.27.58.1ofwhichhardcoal7.46.86.87.06.96.9ofwhichbrowncoal9.79.87.58.58.89.3Oilandpetroleumproducts3.74.04.04.14.14.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.82.83.02.83.03.2Naturalgas0.30.41.21.11.01.1Nuclear0.00.10.10.20.20.2Renewablesandbiofuels17.218.918.519.919.919.7Electricity1.62.01.92.12.12.2Waste,non-renewable15.616.916.818.018.017.6AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.40.20.20.20.20.1Finalenergyconsumption4.04.45.05.95.35.7byFuel/Product6.46.15.35.55.76.1Solidfossilfuels0.82.02.21.81.92.1OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas0.71.71.91.51.51.6Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.10.10.10.10.10.1waste0.00.20.20.20.30.3Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.10.10.10.1Liquidbiofuels2.52.93.13.53.43.6Biogases1.41.11.01.01.01.1Waste,non-renewableElectricity3.32.63.94.54.44.7Heat3.14.14.25.14.54.9bySector5.66.66.05.76.06.4Industry3.03.02.22.12.02.1Transport0.70.50.60.70.70.7Residential0.00.00.00.00.00.0ServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices214EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]8.39.08.610.010.711.6CombustibleFuels6.46.66.16.26.16.2Nuclear1.92.02.02.02.02.0Hydro0.00.10.10.10.10.1Wind0.00.30.30.30.30.3Solar0.00.00.21.42.13.0Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel[TWh]35.237.430.334.234.836.0Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale9.66.25.84.03.73.0OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas4.40.50.10.10.00.1Nuclear6.711.75.28.89.29.7Renewablesandbiofuels14.215.815.816.316.116.0Wastesnon-RES0.23.03.24.75.56.9CogenerationHeatandPower0.10.20.10.20.20.3CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]1.61.51.61.6CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]4.14.64.75.6CHPHeatProduction[PJ]13.513.413.015.4TransportFuels[ktoe]24.427.527.630.1Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts369942634639554149205369ofwhichLPG368211295256269266ofwhichmotorgasolineofwhichGas/Dieseloil141413481283150713081388Finalconsumptionbiofuels191727033061377833423715pureandblendedbiogasolinepureandblendedbiodiesel0175175202279285MainEnergyIndicators05743468487Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]0Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]118133157195198PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030[toe/M€'15]23.624.623.324.623.924.9EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1516.217.517.418.618.019.1EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]287242207185188183ImportDependency[%]ofSolidfossilfuels306261223201206201ofHardCoal246826552557273326762814ofOilandpetroleumproducts344337323074349735613697ofCrudeandNGL55.0%56.9%53.9%69.7%56.6%54.1%ofNaturalGas28.1%41.9%33.7%45.7%43.7%38.5%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]96.4%99.2%99.2%98.8%97.0%98.5%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation75.9%85.3%93.7%86.6%87.1%86.9%cap)78.5%85.3%91.4%84.6%86.0%85.2%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]75.4%78.7%69.7%115.2%75.6%67.2%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-tion[%]12.74%14.50%12.63%13.85%14.11%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand6.16%7.17%8.06%11.57%6.16%Cooling[%]7.10%7.34%9.97%11.90%13.66%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal18.08%21.33%18.16%17.72%17.93%GHGemissions-NationaltotalMainEmissionsIndicators59.252.847.350.247.648.9GHGnationaltotalemissions[index76.167.362.865.663.364.61990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]79.7%70.4%65.7%68.7%66.3%67.6%7.46.76.46.76.56.6totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport215PART5CountryProfiles5.19Malta2000201020152019202020210.00.00.00.00.00.0Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.00.00.0Naturalgas1.52.42.23.12.92.7Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable1.52.42.12.72.52.3NetImports0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.30.30.3ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.10.10.00.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.80.90.80.90.80.8Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Electricity0.00.00.00.00.00.0Grossinlandconsumption0.80.90.60.50.30.4Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.30.30.3ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.10.1ofwhichcrudeandNGL0.00.00.10.10.00.0Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear0.30.40.50.60.60.5Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Electricity0.30.40.50.50.50.5Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0Finalnon-energyconsumption0.20.20.30.30.30.3Finalenergyconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0byFuel/Product0.00.00.00.00.00.0SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.10.20.20.20.20.2Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0BiogasesWaste,non-renewable0.00.00.10.10.10.1Electricity0.20.20.20.20.20.2Heat0.10.10.10.10.10.1bySector0.00.10.10.10.10.1Industry0.00.00.00.00.00.0Transport0.00.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices216EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]0.00.60.70.70.80.8CombustibleFuels0.00.60.60.60.60.6Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wind0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solar0.00.00.10.20.20.2Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel1.92.11.32.12.12.2[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil0.00.00.00.00.00.0shale1.92.11.20.00.10.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.01.81.81.9Naturalgas0.00.00.00.00.00.0Nuclear0.00.00.10.20.20.3Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower1712230.00.10.10.1CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]18240.00.20.20.1CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]75750.08.57.26.5CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]780.00.10.10.1CHPHeatProduction[PJ]0124TransportFuels[ktoe]01256294253268Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts0026292626178857278ofwhichLPG0.8ofwhichmotorgasoline0.40.9152180156164ofwhichGas/Dieseloil1340.57111511Finalconsumptionbiofuels1341210000pureandblendedbiogasoline20801227111511pureandblendedbiodiesel49312266MainEnergyIndicators181.8%51050.80.90.70.8Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]0.0%252.0%0.60.70.50.6Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]0.0%0.0%75676258PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030181.8%0.0%76696460[toe/M€'15]0.0%253.3%1724182614791548EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'150.0%0.0%2967417341654292EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]0.0%294.6%341.4%377.7%332.6%FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]2.60.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ImportDependency[%]2.80.98%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ofSolidfossilfuels0.00%330.7%548.1%719.7%599.2%ofHardCoal101.0%0.03%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ofOilandpetroleumproducts7.30.0%103.6%96.2%103.5%ofCrudeandNGL7.28%ofNaturalGas5.12%8.23%10.71%12.15%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]2.84.68%8.90%10.59%10.58%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation3.14.31%7.49%cap)9.49%9.66%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]110.0%14.64%23.60%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-7.423.03%31.36%tion[%]2.92.8RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand3.33.22.92.9Cooling[%]3.33.3Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]116.8%112.7%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal7.46.4116.4%116.8%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal6.36.3MainEmissionsIndicatorsGHGnationaltotalemissions[index1990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport217PART5CountryProfiles5.20TheNetherlandsMtoe,unlessotherwisestated20002010201520192020202158.571.148.233.127.526.6ProductionSolidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal2.71.62.11.11.11.1Oilandpetroleumproducts2.41.51.80.90.90.9ofwhichcrudeoil52.864.739.423.817.315.5Naturalgas1.00.90.90.91.00.9Nuclear1.43.14.86.27.18.0Renewablesandbiofuels0.60.70.70.80.80.8Wastes,Non-Renewable35.028.343.756.457.050.1NetImports7.77.610.76.63.85.6Solidfossilfuels7.77.510.76.63.95.6ofwhichhardcoal42.944.543.741.939.433.9Oilandpetroleumproducts60.760.460.063.356.958.1ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-17.2-24.2-10.58.414.210.2Naturalgas-0.10.1-1.1-0.7-0.20.2Renewablesandbiofuels1.60.20.80.1-0.20.0Electricity78.386.276.576.172.074.4Grossinlandconsumption7.87.511.16.44.15.7Solidfossilfuels7.87.411.16.44.25.7ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal30.933.430.330.127.828.5Oilandpetroleumproducts62.861.961.263.458.060.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL35.040.128.632.031.430.1Naturalgas1.00.90.90.91.00.9Nuclear1.33.33.75.46.88.0Renewablesandbiofuels1.60.20.80.1-0.20.0Electricity0.60.70.90.90.90.9Waste,non-renewable58.564.555.256.456.455.3Availableforfinalconsumption11.314.412.212.112.112.9Finalnon-energyconsumption47.650.843.344.144.141.8FinalenergyconsumptionbyFuel/Product0.10.10.20.20.20.1Solidfossilfuels14.315.613.513.712.512.4Oilandpetroleumproducts20.621.517.016.615.917.1NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.51.01.32.02.02.2Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.40.60.60.70.70.8wasteSolarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.00.10.10.10.2Liquidbiofuels0.00.20.30.70.60.7Biogases0.10.10.10.10.10.1Waste,non-renewable0.00.10.00.10.10.0Electricity8.29.38.99.39.19.2Heat3.73.02.32.11.92.0bySectorIndustry15.214.313.113.213.213.2Transport10.611.710.010.69.09.2Residential10.812.59.1Services9.59.36.310.1AgricultureandFishing6.38.06.76.74.16.6Others4.54.23.84.20.14.10.10.10.10.10.1MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices218EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]21.126.733.937.142.447.3CombustibleFuels20.123.728.424.824.123.9NuclearHydro0.40.50.50.50.50.5Wind0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solar0.42.23.44.56.67.8Geothermal0.00.11.57.211.114.9Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]89.4119.1108.8120.8122.8121.6Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale24.322.639.417.77.614.6Oilandpetroleumproducts2.61.31.31.41.31.3Naturalgas75.0Nuclear54.478.548.673.04.159.4Renewablesandbiofuels3.94.04.13.932.73.8Wastesnon-RES3.02.0CogenerationHeatandPower1.211.213.722.840.5CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]1.61.72.09.12.0CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]1234031.7CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]723127569.28.826.18.8CHPHeatProduction[PJ]48729.832.2171.631.0TransportFuels[ktoe]396427.126.625.4Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts76534048189.6174.29665172.28221262ofwhichLPG010935111099651ofwhichmotorgasoline02433013063463267ofwhichGas/Dieseloil01345940Finalconsumptionbiofuels378241773589pureandblendedbiogasoline66.995685166266105795pureandblendedbiodiesel52.4226MainEnergyIndicators11571.7321720355683Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]13555.6142199233Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]493410817948058.5429PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030563413045.0[toe/M€'15]44.7%519864.063.660.8EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1599.4%718648.649.48046.9EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]98.9%32.8%99FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]138.8%101.4%9384413680ImportDependency[%]96.7%101.6%111101705397ofSolidfossilfuels-49.1%133.4%4527440679.2%4255ofHardCoal97.6%6438699091.9%6959ofOilandpetroleumproducts182.4-60.4%57.1%74.0%93.0%67.3%ofCrudeandNGL229.996.6%102.1%141.7%99.6%ofNaturalGas3.92%96.5%101.8%98.1%98.6%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]101.1%3.40%144.3%139.0%45.2%119.1%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation14.59.60%98.0%99.9%96.8%cap)-36.7%26.3%14.00%33.7%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]3.10%12.63%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-5.71%8.89%26.41%13.00%tion[%]193.05.60%12.33%8.99%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand225.011.04%18.23%8.05%Cooling[%]33.36%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]99.0%5.28%7.22%143.7CO2emissions-Nationaltotal13.6171.57.85%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal175.6164.8MainEmissionsIndicators205.9193.375.4%147.7GHGnationaltotalemissions[index9.9175.01990=100]90.6%85.0%TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]12.211.277.0%10.0totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport219PART5CountryProfiles5.21Austria2000201020152019202020219.812.112.212.412.412.6Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.30.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.30.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels1.10.00.00.00.00.01.11.10.90.70.60.6ofwhichhardcoal1.51.10.90.70.60.6ofwhichbrowncoal0.01.41.00.80.60.6Oilandpetroleumproducts6.60.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil0.39.09.610.410.510.7Naturalgas0.60.70.60.70.7Nuclear19.221.920.424.918.917.7Renewablesandbiofuels3.03.42.82.82.42.5Wastes,Non-Renewable2.32.42.12.11.81.9NetImports11.811.312.310.910.7Solidfossilfuels11.06.98.28.77.77.7ofwhichhardcoal7.46.15.09.45.43.9Oilandpetroleumproducts5.30.40.40.10.00.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.00.20.90.30.20.6Naturalgas-0.134.833.734.832.334.1Renewablesandbiofuels3.43.22.92.52.5Electricity29.22.52.52.21.91.9Grossinlandconsumption3.60.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels2.513.012.012.911.211.8ofwhichhardcoal0.38.09.09.38.38.4ofwhichbrowncoal8.16.97.77.37.7Oilandpetroleumproducts12.30.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL8.59.510.010.410.510.7Naturalgas6.60.20.90.30.20.6Nuclear0.00.60.70.60.70.7Renewablesandbiofuels6.627.827.328.328.327.0Electricity-0.11.81.82.12.12.1Waste,non-renewable0.326.025.526.226.224.9AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption23.60.40.40.30.30.3Finalenergyconsumption1.79.79.19.58.48.9byFuel/Product4.74.64.84.74.9Solidfossilfuels21.84.14.34.24.14.5OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas0.73.23.13.13.03.4Renewablesandbiofuels9.04.00.20.20.20.20.2Solidbiofuelsandrenewable2.40.00.00.00.00.0waste0.50.70.50.40.5Solarthermal2.30.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.20.20.20.30.3Liquidbiofuels0.15.25.35.55.35.5Biogases0.01.61.71.71.71.9Waste,non-renewable0.0Electricity0.07.67.47.57.27.6Heat0.18.28.58.87.78.0bySector4.47.16.66.77.07.7Industry1.02.62.52.62.42.6Transport0.50.50.50.50.5Residential6.00.00.00.00.00.0Services6.4AgricultureandFishing6.3Others2.60.50.0MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices220EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]17.821.324.725.926.327.4CombustibleFuels6.17.37.76.46.46.4Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0HydroWind11.612.913.614.614.614.7Solar0.11.02.53.23.23.4Geothermal0.00.10.91.72.02.8Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil61.271.165.374.272.570.7shaleOilandpetroleumproducts5.74.93.01.50.60.1Naturalgas1.71.30.90.70.70.7Nuclear8.916.19.813.211.812.6Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RES44.848.251.058.058.856.5CogenerationHeatandPower0.10.60.70.80.70.7CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]827493522.82.92.95.0CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]1661779.09.79.811.5CHPHeatProduction[PJ]13.813.113.916.3TransportFuels[ktoe]20161767105.9110.2111.3112.2Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts609374088857935183578751ofwhichLPG1753273737179ofwhichmotorgasoline078ofwhichGas/Dieseloil1542155912931364Finalconsumptionbiofuels174547242771869937307pureandblendedbiogasolinepureandblendedbiodiesel27.532.9683515433484MainEnergyIndicators23.728.060575649Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]101Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]98107623459377434PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-20301044171[toe/M€'15]3652851531.732.329.831.6EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15765262.8%27.528.326.127.8EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]65.6%99.6%FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]83.9%97.3%92868586ImportDependency[%]91.6%90.6%98939393ofSolidfossilfuels89.2%86.5%3928392436333820ofHardCoal86.9%75.3%7605837881507919ofOilandpetroleumproducts80.6%60.4%71.6%58.4%52.0%ofCrudeandNGL31.21%86.9%96.7%97.8%100.2%ofNaturalGas67.910.71%83.5%98.4%95.5%100.7%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]82.366.36%94.0%95.8%97.6%90.1%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation91.1%94.0%93.0%91.7%cap)103.0%30.96%72.6%122.8%73.4%51.0%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]10.3RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-74.133.50%33.75%36.55%36.44%tion[%]86.811.41%10.05%10.28%9.35%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand71.49%75.07%78.20%Cooling[%]108.5%76.19%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]10.433.23%33.93%34.99%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal35.48%GHGemissions-Nationaltotal68.570.963.2MainEmissionsIndicators81.082.975.067.2GHGnationaltotalemissions[index78.81990=100]101.4%103.7%93.8%TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]9.49.48.498.5%8.8totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport221PART5CountryProfiles5.22Poland20002010201520192020202178.666.867.862.158.060.1Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated70.755.153.644.440.042.058.643.541.334.831.231.7Production12.111.612.310.3Solidfossilfuels9.58.80.70.70.91.00.90.9ofwhichhardcoal0.70.70.91.00.90.9ofwhichbrowncoal3.33.73.73.43.43.3Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeoil3.86.99.012.312.512.8Naturalgas0.10.40.51.11.11.0Nuclear9.632.128.748.144.244.5Renewablesandbiofuels-16.3-2.7-5.52.60.1-1.7Wastes,Non-Renewable-13.81.8-1.06.94.53.3NetImports19.825.724.130.728.830.5Solidfossilfuels18.122.826.626.825.123.8ofwhichhardcoal6.68.99.913.413.615.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.40.10.50.40.3ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-0.5-0.10.00.91.10.1Naturalgas89.2101.695.9106.1103.0109.6Renewablesandbiofuels56.355.248.443.840.945.9Electricity46.348.540.738.836.240.5Grossinlandconsumption12.111.612.39.58.810.4Solidfossilfuels19.626.024.131.329.431.3ofwhichhardcoal18.323.226.527.726.025.1ofwhichbrowncoal10.012.813.816.217.418.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL3.87.39.112.713.013.1Naturalgas-0.5-0.10.00.91.10.1Nuclear0.10.40.51.11.11.0Renewablesandbiofuels57.170.465.277.777.777.1Electricity4.45.05.65.65.65.8Waste,non-renewable53.665.360.971.971.970.3AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption11.913.210.79.09.08.7Finalenergyconsumption15.220.218.625.424.426.2byFuel/Product10.8Solidfossilfuels6.38.98.59.39.2Oilandpetroleumproducts3.55.35.69.29.09.0NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels3.54.34.67.77.57.3Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.10.10.1waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.90.71.01.01.1Geothermal0.00.00.10.10.10.1Liquidbiofuels0.10.40.50.80.80.8Biogases8.410.211.012.111.812.4Waste,non-renewable6.96.55.55.65.66.0ElectricityHeat17.113.514.116.515.916.3bySector9.617.216.622.821.823.5Industry22.019.021.021.122.1Transport17.2Residential5.08.87.87.87.68.5Services4.63.73.33.83.93.7AgricultureandFishing0.00.00.00.00.00.0OthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices222EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]30.633.437.343.449.452.8CombustibleFuels28.429.930.033.636.736.1Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0HydroWind2.22.32.42.42.42.4Solar0.01.14.95.86.37.0Geothermal0.00.00.11.54.07.4Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]145.2157.6164.8163.8157.9179.5Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale135.9136.5130.5118.1107.4127.6Oilandpetroleumproducts1.92.92.11.81.72.0Naturalgas3.06.78.817.119.318.1Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels4.311.523.326.229.031.3Wastesnon-RES0.10.00.10.60.50.6CogenerationHeatandPowerCHPElectricalCapacity[GW]13789195668.69.710.010.8CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]1153261826.529.930.131.3CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]5291425216.118.316.817.4CHPHeatProduction[PJ]7344238.6248.5245.6259.6TransportFuels[ktoe]012696Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts08671833324888238482557401702504294626592725ofwhichLPG6983658454442294677ofwhichmotorgasoline84.8ofwhichGas/Dieseloil55.196.612170173981695918171Finalconsumptionbiofuels33566.3653102610411121pureandblendedbiogasoline352262153187183208pureandblendedbiodiesel2332276500838857912MainEnergyIndicators37942672Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]10.8%414490.1100.296.9104.0Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]-29.0%31.6%62.373.771.175.2PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030-29.9%-5.0%[toe/M€'15]101.2%3.7%210195192193EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1599.2%99.0%EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]66.3%98.4%223206204203FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]69.3%2522279327132896ImportDependency[%]318.74337431241614745ofSolidfossilfuels395.39.28%29.9%45.4%42.9%40.6%ofHardCoal6.64%-11.4%6.0%0.3%-3.6%ofOilandpetroleumproducts83.1%6.55%-2.4%17.8%12.4%8.3%ofCrudeandNGL10.3100.3%98.2%97.9%97.5%ofNaturalGas11.81%100.5%96.7%96.6%94.6%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]72.2%82.4%78.3%83.6%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation336.2cap)409.311.88%15.38%16.10%15.62%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-86.1%5.69%6.20%6.58%5.66%tion[%]10.8RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand13.40%14.36%16.24%17.17%Cooling[%]Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]14.79%22.00%22.14%21.03%CO2emissions-NationaltotalGHGemissions-Nationaltotal315.1321.4304.4333.3MainEmissionsIndicators385.8390.1373.3402.4GHGnationaltotalemissions[index1990=100]81.1%82.0%78.5%84.6%TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]10.210.39.810.6totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport223PART5CountryProfiles5.23Portugal2000201020152019202020213.85.85.96.66.87.0Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts3.85.65.86.46.76.8ofwhichcrudeoil0.10.20.10.20.10.2NaturalgasNuclear22.218.718.518.414.414.9Renewablesandbiofuels3.91.63.21.50.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable4.01.63.21.50.00.0NetImports9.49.6Solidfossilfuels16.212.511.211.69.6ofwhichhardcoal11.711.514.411.511.05.0Oilandpetroleumproducts5.2-0.2ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL2.04.54.15.3-0.30.4Naturalgas0.0-0.2-0.2-0.30.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.20.20.321.5Electricity25.424.423.623.921.40.2Grossinlandconsumption3.81.73.31.20.60.2Solidfossilfuels3.81.73.31.20.60.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.09.1ofwhichbrowncoal15.612.410.410.88.99.8Oilandpetroleumproducts11.811.614.211.45.0ofwhichcrudeandNGL2.04.54.15.311.20.0Naturalgas0.00.00.00.05.26.6Nuclear3.85.55.66.10.00.4Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.20.20.36.40.2Electricity0.10.20.20.20.1Waste,non-renewable19.519.016.917.60.216.4Availableforfinalconsumption2.41.71.31.21.2Finalnon-energyconsumption17.217.315.616.417.6Finalenergyconsumption1.215.2byFuel/Product0.40.10.00.0Solidfossilfuels10.18.46.97.216.40.0Oilandpetroleumproducts1.61.61.86.5Naturalgas0.82.52.82.90.01.9Renewablesandbiofuels2.46.33.02.21.71.81.7Solidbiofuelsandrenewable2.42.91.8waste0.00.10.1Solarthermal0.00.00.00.01.80.1Geothermal0.00.30.30.30.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.10.4Biogases0.00.10.10.10.00.0Waste,non-renewable0.04.33.94.10.30.1Electricity3.30.30.20.20.04.1Heat0.10.10.2bySector5.54.44.64.0Industry6.36.55.66.00.24.5Transport6.03.02.82.95.5Residential2.81.92.42.44.43.0Services1.40.50.40.55.02.2AgricultureandFishing0.70.00.00.03.00.5Others0.02.20.00.50.0MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices224EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]10.918.919.621.621.721.3CombustibleFuels6.39.98.08.28.27.0Nuclear0.00.00.00.00.00.0Hydro4.55.16.27.37.27.3Wind0.13.84.95.25.15.4Solar0.00.10.40.91.11.6Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel[TWh]43.854.152.453.253.151.0Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil14.6shale7.114.75.52.40.8Oilandpetroleumproducts8.43.01.31.31.21.2Naturalgas7.214.917.317.615.6Nuclear0.00.010.60.00.00.0Renewablesandbiofuels13.328.80.028.831.633.1Wastesnon-RES0.30.30.30.30.3CogenerationHeatandPower25.5CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]831074390.31.31.31.3CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]11397286.46.56.1CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]22721.312.112.811.9CHPHeatProduction[PJ]489914596.562.159.859.3TransportFuels[ktoe]525212.3Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts059.36566572360170327557548491ofwhichLPG006200918998ofwhichmotorgasoline5711108ofwhichGas/Dieseloil23.0323490142584528Finalconsumptionbiofuels18.01100255356pureandblendedbiogasoline13222.74528283617pureandblendedbiodiesel14618.18248339MainEnergyIndicators2476121344Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]42701302127519.519.5Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]87.5%230615.015.7PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030102.9%511532022.1106101[toe/M€'15]103.4%76.6%17.1116111EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15103.6%98.3%21.611020792092EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]99.0%98.3%16.011951554950FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]100.3%101.1%120232667.4%69.0%ImportDependency[%]98.8%1315172-6.5%4.5%ofSolidfossilfuels67.8100.4%227476.8%-7.9%1.2%ofHardCoal84.65052122.1%105.0%105.0%ofOilandpetroleumproducts24.15%78.4%122.3%98.3%98.6%ofCrudeandNGL138.5%5.55%98.5%106.8%99.3%100.0%ofNaturalGas8.398.5%100.4%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]40.61%108.0%99.9%33.98%33.98%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation100.9%9.70%8.61%cap)33.81%100.4%30.62%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]9.09%58.03%58.43%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-55.730.51%tion[%]72.47.43%53.77%41.55%42.68%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingandCooling[%]118.4%52.62%41.66%43.442.1Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]6.859.758.5CO2emissions-Nationaltotal40.10%52.0GHGemissions-Nationaltotal68.797.8%95.8%MainEmissionsIndicators55.55.85.7GHGnationaltotalemissions[index71.5112.4%1990=100]6.7TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]117.0%6.9totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport225PART5CountryProfiles5.24RomaniaMtoe,unlessotherwisestated20002010201520192020202128.527.426.424.522.423.0ProductionSolidfossilfuels5.65.94.73.92.63.00.20.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal5.45.94.73.92.63.0ofwhichbrowncoal6.44.23.93.53.43.2Oilandpetroleumproducts6.44.23.93.53.43.2ofwhichcrudeoil11.08.68.88.37.47.4Naturalgas1.42.92.92.82.92.9Nuclear4.05.75.95.85.86.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.10.00.10.10.30.3Wastes,Non-Renewable8.07.55.310.19.110.9NetImports1.91.21.01.10.80.9Solidfossilfuels1.60.10.10.10.10.1ofwhichhardcoal3.54.64.76.56.37.2Oilandpetroleumproducts4.85.76.58.67.06.8ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL2.71.80.22.11.62.3Naturalgas0.00.10.00.20.20.3Renewablesandbiofuels-0.1-0.2-0.60.10.20.2Electricity36.835.031.933.232.234.3Grossinlandconsumption7.56.95.94.93.54.0Solidfossilfuels1.70.10.10.10.10.1ofwhichhardcoal5.56.25.34.33.03.4ofwhichbrowncoal10.18.68.69.99.610.5Oilandpetroleumproducts11.110.010.412.010.510.1ofwhichcrudeandNGL13.710.88.99.39.79.9Naturalgas1.42.92.92.82.92.9Nuclear4.05.96.06.06.06.4Renewablesandbiofuels-0.1-0.2-0.60.10.20.2Electricity0.10.00.10.20.30.3Waste,non-renewable24.124.822.825.125.125.1Availableforfinalconsumption1.92.11.11.11.11.3Finalnon-energyconsumption21.922.021.623.723.723.5FinalenergyconsumptionbyFuel/Product0.30.50.80.70.60.7Solidfossilfuels5.46.06.88.37.98.4Oilandpetroleumproducts6.56.05.35.65.86.6Naturalgas2.74.03.53.83.84.1Renewablesandbiofuels2.73.93.33.43.43.6Solidbiofuelsandrenewablewaste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Geothermal0.00.10.20.40.50.5Liquidbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Biogases0.10.00.10.20.30.3Waste,non-renewable2.93.63.73.93.84.0Electricity3.61.61.31.11.01.0HeatbySector8.66.56.46.76.46.9Industry3.35.05.36.66.56.9Transport8.48.17.47.88.08.8Residential0.71.91.82.01.81.9Services0.40.40.50.60.50.6AgricultureandFishing0.50.20.20.20.20.4OthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices226EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]16.819.923.820.920.618.8CombustibleFuels10.011.611.28.48.16.3NuclearHydro0.71.41.41.41.41.4Wind6.16.56.76.76.76.7Solar0.00.43.13.03.03.0Geothermal0.00.01.31.41.41.4Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil51.661.066.359.655.959.5shaleOilandpetroleumproducts18.920.718.113.69.410.7NaturalgasNuclear3.40.70.50.60.60.8Renewablesandbiofuels9.07.39.59.19.610.1Wastesnon-RES5.511.611.611.311.511.3CogenerationHeatandPower14.820.726.625.124.926.7CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.00.00.00.00.00.0CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]1.81.31.41.5CHPHeatProduction[PJ]5.65.14.64.7TransportFuels[ktoe]8.412.17.87.9Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts51.062.135.436.1ofwhichLPG435556626172737771487755ofwhichmotorgasoline317489438514454464ofwhichGas/DieseloilFinalconsumptionbiofuels140314571319139512901382pureandblendedbiogasoline263437174415546854045909pureandblendedbiodieselMainEnergyIndicators0116202412483496Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]047619892121Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]069375PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030141315392[toe/M€'15]EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1534.932.930.732.130.933.1EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]22.722.521.823.923.525.4FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]ImportDependency[%]377236192163163165ofSolidfossilfuelsofHardCoal398251199169170171ofOilandpetroleumproducts163717251604171016671786ofCrudeandNGL229630053336307128943097ofNaturalGas21.9%21.4%16.7%30.3%28.2%31.7%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]25.5%16.9%16.7%22.0%22.0%23.2%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation96.3%88.4%96.9%97.7%106.4%102.6%cap)34.4%52.7%54.5%65.6%64.9%68.4%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]43.5%57.2%63.0%72.0%66.9%67.3%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-19.8%16.8%1.8%23.2%16.6%22.8%tion[%]RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand22.83%24.79%24.29%24.48%23.60%Cooling[%]1.37%5.49%7.85%8.54%7.67%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]CO2emissions-Nationaltotal30.38%43.16%42.62%43.37%42.49%GHGemissions-NationaltotalMainEmissionsIndicators27.23%25.89%25.74%25.33%24.48%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index1990=100]93.886.678.777.374.277.4TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]142.7127.2117.8116.2112.2115.755.3%49.3%45.7%45.1%43.5%44.8%6.46.35.96.05.86.0totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport227PART5CountryProfiles5.25Slovenia2000201020152019202020213.23.73.33.43.53.3Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated1.11.20.90.90.90.70.00.00.00.00.00.0Production1.11.20.90.90.90.7Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal1.21.31.31.41.51.4Oilandpetroleumproducts0.91.11.11.01.11.2ofwhichcrudeoil0.00.00.00.10.10.1Naturalgas3.43.63.23.62.93.2Nuclear0.20.30.20.20.20.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastes,Non-Renewable2.52.62.32.62.12.3NetImports0.10.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.80.90.70.70.70.8ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.10.10.1Oilandpetroleumproducts-0.1-0.20.00.0-0.20.0ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL6.67.36.56.76.36.5Naturalgas1.31.51.11.11.00.9Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Electricity1.21.41.01.01.00.9Grossinlandconsumption2.42.62.32.42.02.2Solidfossilfuels0.10.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.80.90.70.70.70.8ofwhichbrowncoal1.21.31.31.41.51.4Oilandpetroleumproducts0.91.21.11.11.21.3ofwhichcrudeandNGL-0.1-0.20.00.0-0.20.0Naturalgas0.00.00.00.10.10.1Nuclear4.85.34.85.05.04.6Renewablesandbiofuels0.20.20.10.20.20.1Electricity4.55.04.74.94.94.4Waste,non-renewableAvailableforfinalconsumption0.10.00.00.00.00.0Finalnon-energyconsumption2.22.42.12.21.92.0Finalenergyconsumption0.60.60.60.60.60.6byFuel/Product0.50.70.70.60.60.7SolidfossilfuelsOilandpetroleumproducts0.50.60.60.50.50.5NaturalgasRenewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.10.10.1waste0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.00.10.00.0Geothermal0.91.01.11.21.11.2Liquidbiofuels0.20.20.20.20.20.2BiogasesWaste,non-renewable1.41.31.21.31.31.3Electricity1.21.81.81.91.61.8Heat1.21.41.21.11.11.2bySector0.50.50.50.50.40.4Industry0.10.10.10.10.10.1Transport0.00.00.00.00.00.0ResidentialServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices228EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]2.63.23.43.83.94.1CombustibleFuels1.11.31.11.51.51.6Nuclear0.70.70.70.70.70.7Hydro0.81.31.31.41.41.4Wind0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solar0.00.00.20.30.40.5Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel13.616.415.116.117.215.9[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil4.65.34.44.54.43.8shale0.10.00.00.00.00.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.30.50.40.50.60.5Naturalgas4.85.75.65.86.45.7Nuclear3.94.94.65.25.95.7Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower213524070.40.40.30.4CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]104921.21.21.21.2CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]8547.77.37.37.5CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]60410.411.011.211.2CHPHeatProduction[PJ]11771710TransportFuels[ktoe]02112215918271986Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts0468896848504ofwhichLPG442413327371ofwhichmotorgasoline6.3411582165114161531ofwhichGas/Dieseloil4.6Finalconsumptionbiofuels2177.0299593103pureandblendedbiogasoline2255.17489pureandblendedbiodiesel3301185MainEnergyIndicators685419123918595Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]51.9%3544Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]18.8%80316.36.56.16.3PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030118.2%49.4%4.74.94.44.7[toe/M€'15]101.5%19.3%163144141135EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1587.2%135.3%167148146139EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]99.3%99.9%3151323130253103FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]0.0%7320773782027528ImportDependency[%]15.199.3%49.8%53.6%46.5%49.3%ofSolidfossilfuels18.819.1%20.1%17.7%11.0%ofHardCoal21.08%124.2%95.9%97.7%103.8%ofOilandpetroleumproducts100.0%3.12%102.4%109.6%105.2%103.5%ofCrudeandNGL9.50.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%ofNaturalGas32.20%99.6%99.2%99.4%99.4%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]OverallRenewableshare(withaviation29.54%22.88%21.97%25.00%25.00%cap)2.24%7.98%10.91%10.64%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]16.535.09%34.98%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-19.932.72%32.63%tion[%]32.14%35.22%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand105.4%36.15%32.13%Cooling[%]9.712.913.1Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]13.714.116.016.1CO2emissions-Nationaltotal17.017.3GHGemissions-Nationaltotal84.9%85.6%MainEmissionsIndicators90.1%91.7%7.67.6GHGnationaltotalemissions[index8.28.31990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport229PART5CountryProfiles5.26Slovakia2000201020152019202020216.36.06.46.96.87.0Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated1.00.60.50.40.20.30.00.00.00.00.00.0Production1.00.60.50.40.20.3Solidfossilfuels0.10.00.00.00.00.00.10.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.10.10.10.10.10.0ofwhichbrowncoal4.33.94.04.04.04.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.51.41.62.22.22.4ofwhichcrudeoil0.30.00.20.20.20.2Naturalgas9.89.39.4Nuclear11.511.42.811.92.02.5Renewablesandbiofuels3.43.02.52.51.72.3Wastes,Non-Renewable3.12.63.12.23.73.7NetImports2.63.55.93.65.75.5Solidfossilfuels5.35.53.75.23.63.1ofwhichhardcoal5.75.00.05.60.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts0.0-0.10.20.00.00.1ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL-0.20.10.1Naturalgas16.316.417.8Renewablesandbiofuels17.717.73.317.02.32.8Electricity4.33.92.62.71.82.4Grossinlandconsumption3.02.80.72.20.50.4Solidfossilfuels1.20.83.10.53.63.7ofwhichhardcoal2.93.55.93.65.65.5ofwhichbrowncoal5.45.53.95.14.14.6Oilandpetroleumproducts5.85.04.04.14.04.1ofwhichcrudeandNGL4.33.91.64.02.12.3Naturalgas0.51.30.22.20.00.1Nuclear-0.20.10.20.10.20.2Renewablesandbiofuels0.30.00.2Electricity10.011.310.8Waste,non-renewable11.711.51.011.31.01.2Availableforfinalconsumption1.41.18.91.09.6Finalnon-energyconsumption9.910.2Finalenergyconsumption10.40.410.20.4byFuel/Product0.92.10.42.7Solidfossilfuels1.70.72.50.42.62.7Oilandpetroleumproducts4.22.30.62.82.41.3Naturalgas0.13.52.61.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.50.41.21.00.10.9Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.40.01.00.0waste0.00.00.00.0Solarthermal0.00.00.10.00.00.2Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.20.0Liquidbiofuels0.00.10.20.20.00.2Biogases0.20.02.10.00.22.2Waste,non-renewable1.90.00.60.22.00.6Electricity0.62.12.20.5Heat0.93.30.53.4bySector3.52.23.12.6Industry1.43.22.03.52.53.0Transport2.62.61.32.82.71.4Residential2.22.30.22.61.10.1Services0.22.10.01.20.10.0AgricultureandFishing0.00.10.10.0Others0.00.0MethodologyandNotes:seeappendices230EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]7.57.97.87.77.77.5CombustibleFuels2.43.52.82.62.72.4Nuclear2.61.81.91.92.02.0Hydro2.42.52.52.52.52.5Wind0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solar0.00.00.50.60.50.5Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel31.227.826.828.428.830.0[TWh]Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil5.63.62.82.31.91.7shale0.20.60.40.50.40.4Oilandpetroleumproducts3.92.72.13.43.94.9Naturalgas16.514.615.115.315.415.7Nuclear5.06.36.36.97.17.1Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.2Wastesnon-RESCogenerationHeatandPower149821793.71.51.61.5CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]334221.13.13.33.5CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]78.510.811.011.8CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]61260127.334.935.141.0CHPHeatProduction[PJ]8521536TransportFuels[ktoe]1983249622962434Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts09854494957024ofwhichLPG074578551505514ofwhichmotorgasoline1351189617421863ofwhichGas/Dieseloil16.416.7Finalconsumptionbiofuels11.011.5144157155161pureandblendedbiogasoline37823523202626pureandblendedbiodiesel410250MainEnergyIndicators32843286121137129135Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]57715161Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]65.1%64.4%15.216.015.216.4PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-203080.2%75.7%10.111.210.411.6[toe/M€'15]103.8%91.9%190178175181EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1592.5%98.4%203190190196EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]97.6%99.9%3000312330133259FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]98.8%99.9%4944521152785487ImportDependency[%]60.1%69.8%56.3%52.6%ofSolidfossilfuels41.39.10%84.5%92.2%86.2%88.1%ofHardCoal49.15.29%97.5%102.7%97.3%95.5%ofOilandpetroleumproducts17.77%100.6%101.3%102.0%98.3%ofCrudeandNGL66.4%99.3%100.5%101.4%99.1%ofNaturalGas9.17.90%95.1%136.6%88.1%69.0%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]OverallRenewableshare(withaviation38.612.88%16.89%17.34%17.41%cap)45.98.63%8.31%9.26%8.75%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-62.2%22.66%22.10%23.07%22.37%tion[%]8.5RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand10.79%19.70%19.43%19.52%Cooling[%]Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]34.734.031.235.3CO2emissions-Nationaltotal41.140.237.341.3GHGemissions-NationaltotalMainEmissionsIndicators55.6%54.4%50.5%55.9%GHGnationaltotalemissions[index7.67.46.87.61990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport231PART5CountryProfiles5.27Finland20002010201520192020202114.917.117.218.918.119.5Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.10.10.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts5.85.65.65.75.55.6ofwhichcrudeoil7.89.410.411.811.513.2Naturalgas0.10.10.20.30.30.3Nuclear18.618.115.814.914.012.9Renewablesandbiofuels3.54.02.52.11.71.5Wastes,Non-Renewable3.23.72.32.01.61.4NetImports10.69.59.68.48.37.2Solidfossilfuels11.911.411.112.711.68.6ofwhichhardcoal3.43.82.22.12.12.1Oilandpetroleumproducts0.0-0.10.10.40.50.5ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL1.00.91.41.71.31.5Naturalgas32.836.832.734.232.133.7Renewablesandbiofuels3.64.62.72.11.82.1Electricity3.34.32.62.11.81.9Grossinlandconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels9.510.08.48.57.87.3ofwhichhardcoal11.711.310.712.811.68.7ofwhichbrowncoal3.43.82.22.12.12.1Oilandpetroleumproducts5.85.65.65.75.55.6ofwhichcrudeandNGL7.89.310.512.212.013.7Naturalgas1.00.91.41.71.31.5Nuclear0.10.10.20.30.30.3Renewablesandbiofuels23.726.324.125.725.724.7Electricity1.01.21.31.41.41.5Waste,non-renewable23.325.023.024.824.823.2AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.30.20.10.10.10.1Finalenergyconsumption7.27.06.05.95.65.3byFuel/Product0.90.80.60.70.70.8Solidfossilfuels4.54.85.46.86.37.1OilandpetroleumproductsNaturalgas4.54.64.95.65.25.5Renewablesandbiofuels0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.20.50.40.40.7Solarthermal0.00.00.00.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.10.1Liquidbiofuels6.57.26.77.06.67.1Biogases3.34.63.83.93.64.1Waste,non-renewableElectricity11.510.710.211.010.310.8Heat3.94.34.14.23.94.0bySector4.55.85.05.65.36.0Industry2.33.12.73.02.83.1Transport0.80.80.80.80.80.8Residential0.30.30.30.20.30.2ServicesAgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices232EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]16.315.416.517.417.317.9CombustibleFuels10.79.59.68.98.48.3Nuclear2.72.82.82.82.8Hydro2.63.03.13.23.23.2Wind2.90.21.02.32.63.3Solar0.00.00.00.20.30.4Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.00.00.0GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.0[TWh]69.880.468.468.469.071.9Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oilshale12.520.88.27.44.64.8Oilandpetroleumproducts0.60.50.20.30.20.2Naturalgas5.84.54.64.7Nuclear10.811.823.223.923.323.6Renewablesandbiofuels22.522.830.531.935.938.2Wastesnon-RES23.424.20.40.50.40.5CogenerationHeatandPowerCHPElectricalCapacity[GW]0.10.25.86.46.46.3CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]21.722.518.920.6CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]6137616931.732.826.428.6CHPHeatProduction[PJ]263311242.4242.7214.8223.3TransportFuels[ktoe]Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts18331613549954665201496140414244430351305341ofwhichLPGofwhichmotorgasoline01841441132312301240ofwhichGas/Dieseloil0813628379336653380Finalconsumptionbiofuels063pureandblendedbiogasoline501433401721pureandblendedbiodiesel31.635.4709499119MainEnergyIndicators24.426.2602Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]179168430339301Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]18517531.5PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-20306336687531.232.129.924.9[toe/M€'15]134951501724.225.523.4136EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'1556.6%49.1%148140134146EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]97.6%86.3%1551491436093FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]97.7%85.5%59696200581412987ImportDependency[%]111.5%94.2%12491123941249538.3%ofSolidfossilfuels101.5%101.1%48.4%43.4%43.6%72.4%ofHardCoal100.0%100.0%91.3%98.9%92.2%72.0%ofOilandpetroleumproducts88.6%96.1%89.9%99.2%ofCrudeandNGL58.232.17%113.3%98.9%106.4%98.5%ofNaturalGas71.34.39%104.2%99.0%99.7%99.7%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]100.0%100.6%100.4%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation98.7%27.22%43.10%cap)13.839.23%42.81%43.94%20.75%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]43.97%24.57%14.85%14.31%39.53%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-32.21%37.97%39.56%tion[%]65.852.59%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand77.352.62%56.88%57.62%Cooling[%]38.8Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]106.9%46.245.138.748.7CO2emissions-Nationaltotal14.457.055.448.7GHGemissions-Nationaltotal67.4%MainEmissionsIndicators78.9%76.6%67.4%8.8GHGnationaltotalemissions[index10.410.08.81990=100]TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport233PART5CountryProfiles5.28Sweden20002010201520192020202130.031.835.837.034.535.7Mtoe,unlessotherwisestated0.00.00.00.00.00.0Production0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichhardcoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0ofwhichbrowncoal0.00.00.00.00.00.0Oilandpetroleumproducts14.814.515.516.212.012.3ofwhichcrudeoil14.716.519.619.921.522.5Naturalgas0.30.50.60.70.90.8Nuclear19.319.914.715.615.110.6Renewablesandbiofuels2.32.41.91.91.51.6Wastes,Non-Renewable2.12.31.91.61.41.5NetImports15.715.513.013.513.18.6Solidfossilfuels20.820.020.316.517.818.1ofwhichhardcoal0.81.50.71.01.31.2Oilandpetroleumproducts0.00.20.91.41.41.3ofwhichcrudeoilandNGL0.40.2-1.9-2.2-2.1-2.2Naturalgas47.750.547.049.744.847.5Renewablesandbiofuels2.22.12.01.91.51.7Electricity2.02.01.91.71.41.4Grossinlandconsumption0.00.00.00.00.00.0Solidfossilfuels14.214.69.510.68.59.5ofwhichhardcoal20.720.219.516.517.618.6ofwhichbrowncoal0.81.50.70.91.31.1Oilandpetroleumproducts14.814.515.516.212.012.3ofwhichcrudeandNGL14.716.820.521.422.624.1Naturalgas0.40.2-1.9-2.2-2.1-2.2Nuclear0.30.50.60.81.01.0Renewablesandbiofuels34.935.131.933.633.632.7Electricity1.72.11.82.32.31.7Waste,non-renewable33.732.531.531.331.331.1AvailableforfinalconsumptionFinalnon-energyconsumption0.50.40.40.30.30.3Finalenergyconsumption12.69.57.97.06.56.6byFuel/Product0.60.60.50.50.5Solidfossilfuels0.45.47.58.28.88.8Oilandpetroleumproducts5.3Naturalgas5.05.35.15.65.5Renewablesandbiofuels5.30.00.00.00.00.0Solidbiofuelsandrenewable0.00.00.00.00.00.0waste0.00.41.01.61.71.8Solarthermal0.00.10.10.10.10.1Geothermal0.00.00.00.00.10.1Liquidbiofuels0.011.310.710.710.611.0Biogases11.15.14.24.34.14.7Waste,non-renewable3.6Electricity11.611.010.911.211.1Heat13.77.57.37.06.66.9bySector7.58.37.47.47.27.9Industry7.34.34.04.04.04.3Transport4.40.70.70.60.60.6Residential0.80.01.11.41.51.5Services0.0AgricultureandFishingOthersMethodologyandNotes:seeappendices234EUENERGYINFIGURES2023200020102015201920202021InstalledElectricityCapacity[GW]33.736.539.742.843.744.8CombustibleFuels7.58.77.88.38.47.7Nuclear9.59.09.78.67.86.9HydroWind16.516.716.316.516.416.4Solar0.22.05.88.710.012.1Geothermal0.00.00.10.7Tide,WaveandOcean0.00.00.00.01.11.6GrossElectricityGeneration,byFuel0.00.00.00.00.00.0[TWh]0.00.0Solidfossilfuels,peatandproducts,oil145.3148.5162.1168.4163.8171.8shaleOilandpetroleumproducts1.71.80.60.40.10.1Naturalgas1.51.80.30.20.10.3Nuclear1.33.81.11.10.70.9Renewablesandbiofuels57.357.856.366.149.253.0Wastesnon-RES83.282.2102.699.0112.2115.8CogenerationHeatandPower0.21.21.21.71.51.7CHPElectricalCapacity[GW]CHPElectricityGeneration[TWh]990685784.93.33.32.7CHPinTotalElectricityGeneration[%]39746313.79.29.28.9CHPHeatProduction[PJ]5.55.55.2TransportFuels[ktoe]420834228.494.094.094.5Finalconsumptionpetroleumproducts53024692151.3656461576261ofwhichLPG03837421364314343ofwhichmotorgasoline0203367ofwhichGas/Dieseloil0179217019902036Finalconsumptionbiofuels2601403038533882pureandblendedbiogasoline46.048.34454156416571753pureandblendedbiodiesel35.034.0MainEnergyIndicators140118963101107126Primaryenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]145123141146314861541Finalenergyconsumption2020-2030[Mtoe]53845402823PrimaryEnergyIntensity2020-2030163931590345.841.343.5[toe/M€'15]40.4%39.5%43.831.630.531.7EnergyIntensity(GAE/GDP2015)[toe/M€'15105.4%113.7%31.8EnergyperCapita(GIC/pop)[kgoe/capita]107.7%115.2%928585FinalElectricityperCapita[KWh/capita]110.4%106.3%961009293ImportDependency[%]100.6%99.0%103486043344579ofSolidfossilfuels100.0%100.0%4826164651586416552ofHardCoal1663131.3%33.8%22.4%ofOilandpetroleumproducts56.946.10%31.2%103.2%100.3%94.2%ofCrudeandNGL70.39.63%97.4%98.1%101.5%101.8%ofNaturalGas99.6%127.5%153.6%90.8%Renewableingrossfinalenergy[%]96.5%55.77%136.7%100.0%101.0%97.4%OverallRenewableshare(withaviation7.9103.6%101.8%101.6%101.5%cap)57.07%100.0%RE-T-RenewableenergyinTransport[%]55.79%60.12%62.57%RES-E-RenewableElectricityGenera-55.252.22%30.31%31.85%30.43%tion[%]66.521.49%71.23%74.49%75.70%RES-H&C-RenewableHeatingand65.73%Cooling[%]91.3%64.39%66.38%68.64%Greenhousegasemissions[MtCO2]7.163.24%CO2emissions-Nationaltotal43.737.639.5GHGemissions-Nationaltotal45.653.347.248.8MainEmissionsIndicators55.8GHGnationaltotalemissions[index73.2%64.7%67.0%1990=100]76.6%5.24.64.7TotalGHGpercapita[tCO2eq./capita]5.7totalemissionswithoutLULUCF,withind.CO2,includinginternationalaviation,excl.internationalmaritimetransport235AppendicesAppendicesEUENERGYINFIGURES2023SummaryAppendices–Methodology���������������������������������������������������������240Appendix1-CountryNomenclature��������������������������������������������240Appendix2-MainEnergyFlowsinEurostatEnergyBalances-EN��������241Appendix3-MainEnergyProductsinEurostatEnergyBalances-EN����242Appendix4-SymbolsandAbbreviations��������������������������������������244Appendix5-ConversionFactors������������������������������������������������245Appendix6-Averagecalorificvalues������������������������������������������246AppendixGlossary���������������������������������������������������������������������247Appendix7-Glossary�������������������������������������������������������������247AppendixNotes�������������������������������������������������������������������������258Appendix8-Notes�����������������������������������������������������������������258Notes����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������263239AppendicesAppendices–MethodologyAppendix1CountryNomenclatureInterinstitutionalStyleGuide(ISG)CountryCodeISGShortNameENISGShortName,SourceLanguageISGProtocolOrderISO3166Alpha-2CountryCodesBEBelgiumBelgique/België1BEBGBulgariaBulgaria2BGCZCzechiaČesko3CZDKDenmarkDanmark4DKDEGermanyDeutschland5DEEEEstoniaEesti6EEIEIrelandÉire/Ireland7IEELGreeceElláda8GRESSpainEspaña9ESFRFranceFrance10FRHRCroatiaHrvatska11HRITItalyItalia12ITCYCyprusKýpros13CYLVLatviaLatvija14LVLTLithuaniaLietuva15LTLULuxembourgLuxembourg16LUHUHungaryMagyarország17HUMTMaltaMalta18MTNLNetherlandsNederland19NLATAustriaÖsterreich20ATPLPolandPolska21PLPTPortugalPortugal22PTRORomaniaRomânia23ROSISloveniaSlovenija24SISKSlovakiaSlovensko25SKFIFinlandSuomi/Finland26FISESwedenSverige27SEUKUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdom28GBEU27_2020EuropeanUnion-27countries(from2020)LatintranslitterationInterinstitutionalStyleGuide(ISG):http://publications.europa.eu/code/EurostatWebsite:http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ISO3166CountryCodesMaintenanceAgency:https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html240EUENERGYINFIGURES2023Appendix2MainEnergyFlowsinEurostatEnergyBalances-ENCodeESTATEnergyDatabase-ENPPRDRCV_RCYDisseminationLabelIMPPrimaryproductionEXPRecovered&recycledproductsSTK_CHGImportsNRGSUPExportsINTMARBChangeinstockGICTotalenergysupplyINTAVIInternationalmaritimebunkersGAEGrossinlandconsumptionINTMARBInternationalaviationTI_EGrossavailableenergyTOInternationalmaritimebunkersNRG_ETransformationinputDLTransformationoutputAFCEnergysectorFC_NEDistributionlossesFC_EAvailableforfinalconsumptionFC_IND_EFinalnon-energyconsumptionFinalenergyconsumptionFC_IND_IS_EFinalenergyconsumption-IndustryFC_IND_CPC_EFC_IND_NFM_EIron&steelFC_IND_NMM_EChemical&petrochemicalFC_IND_TE_ENon-ferrousmetalsFC_IND_MAC_ENon-metallicmineralsFC_IND_MQ_ETransportequipmentFC_IND_FBT_EMachineryFC_IND_PPP_EMining&quarryingFC_IND_WP_EFood,beverages&tobaccoFC_IND_CON_EPaper,pulp&printingFC_IND_TL_EWood&woodproductsFC_IND_NSP_EConstructionFC_TRA_ETextile&leatherFC_TRA_RAIL_ENotelsewherespecified(industry)FC_TRA_ROAD_ETransportFC_TRA_DAVI_ERailFC_TRA_DNAVI_ERoadFC_TRA_PIPE_EDomesticaviationFC_TRA_NSP_EDomesticnavigationFC_OTH_EPipelinetransportFC_OTH_CP_ENotelsewherespecified(transport)FC_OTH_HH_EOtherFC_OTH_AF_ECommercial&publicservicesFC_OTH_FISH_EHouseholdsFC_OTH_NSP_EAgriculture&forestrySTATDIFFFishingNotelsewherespecified(other)StatisticaldifferencesSource:EnergyBalanceGuide:https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?oldid=464172https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/methodology241AppendicesAppendix3MainEnergyProductsinEurostatEnergyBalances-ENCodeESTATEnergyDatabase-ENTOTALDisseminationlabelC0000X0350-0370TotalC0110C0121SolidfossilfuelsC0129AnthraciteC0210CokingcoalC0220OtherbituminouscoalC0320Sub-bituminouscoalC0311LigniteC0312PatentfuelsC0340CokeovencokeC0330GascokeC0350-0370CoaltarC0360BrowncoalbriquettesC0350ManufacturedgasesC0371GasworksgasC0379CokeovengasP1000BlastfurnacegasP1100OtherrecoveredgasesP1200PeatandpeatproductsS2000PeatO4000XBIOPeatproductsO4100_TOTOilshaleandoilsandsO4200OilandpetroleumproductsO4300CrudeoilO4400X4410NaturalgasliquidsO4500RefineryfeedstocksO4610Additivesandoxygenates(excludingbiofuelportion)O4620OtherhydrocarbonsO4630RefinerygasO4652XR5210BEthaneO4651LiquefiedpetroleumgasO4653Motorgasoline(excludingbiofuelportion)O4661XR5230BAviationgasolineO4669Gasoline-typejetfuelO4640Kerosene-typejetfuel(excludingbiofuelportion)O4671XR5220BOtherkeroseneO4680NaphthaO4691Gasoilanddieseloil(excludingbiofuelportion)O4692FueloilO4695WhitespiritandspecialboilingpointindustrialspiritsO4694LubricantsO4693BitumenPetroleumcokeParaffinwaxes242EUENERGYINFIGURES2023CodeESTATEnergyDatabase-ENO4699DisseminationlabelG3000RA000Otheroilproductsn.e.c.NaturalgasRA100RenewablesandbiofuelsRA500RA300HydropowerRA420Tide,waveandoceanRA410WindpowerRA200SolarphotovoltaicR5110-5150_W6000RISolarthermalR5160GeothermalR5300PrimarysolidbiofuelsW6210CharcoalR5210PBiogasesR5210BRenewablemunicipalwasteR5220PPurebiogasolineR5220BBlendedbiogasolineR5230PPurebiodieselsR5230BBlendedbiodieselsR5290PurebiojetkeroseneRA600BlendedbiojetkeroseneW6100_6220OtherliquidbiofuelsW6100Ambientheat(heatpumps)W6220Non-renewablewasteN900HIndustrialwaste(non-renewable)H8000Non-renewablemunicipalwasteE7000NuclearheatHeatElectricitySource:EnergyBalanceGuidehttps://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?oldid=464172https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/methodology243AppendicesAppendix4SymbolsandAbbreviations%percent€euro0zeroorfigurelessthanhalfoftheunitrepresentedbblbarrelbcmbillioncubicmetersBlankdatanotavailableCHPcombinedheat&powerCO2carbondioxideDGDirectorate-GeneraloftheEuropeanCommissionEEAEuropeanEnvironmentAgencyequiv.equivalentESTATEurostat,StatisticalOfficeoftheEuropeanUnionGCVgrosscalorificvalueGDPgrossdomesticproductGHGgreenhousegasGJgigajouleIEAInternationalEnergyAgencykthousand,kilokgoekilogramofoilequivalentktoekilotonofoilequivalentktonkilotonkWhkilowatthourLPGliquefiedpetroleumgasmillionsofeuro,chain-linkedvolumes,referenceyear2010,atM€‘20102010exchangeratescubicmeterm3millionMioEuropeanUnionMemberStateMSmunicipalsolidwasteMSWmilliontonofoilequivalentMtoemillion,megaMmegawattMWmegawatthourMWhnetcalorificvalueNCVnaturalgasliquidNGLpercapitap/cappetajoulePJphotovoltaicPVrenewableenergyRESrenewableenergy-electricitygenerationRES-Erenewableenergy-heatingandcoolingRES-H&Crenewableenergy-transportRES-TInternationalSystemofUnitsSIUnitsterajouleTJtonofoilequivalenttoemetricton,metrictonne,mttonTotalPrimaryEnergySupplyTPESterawatthourTWhUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeUNFCCCvalueaddedtaxVAT244EUENERGYINFIGURES2023Appendix5ConversionFactorsENERGYTO:TJMtoeGWh1/41868/3.6multiplyby1X11630FROM:TERAJOULE(TJ)1/116301Milliontonofoilequivalent(Mtoe)X41868galUKGigawatt-hour(GWh)X3.602200349723VOLUME08327TO:lbblgalUS1multiplyby06290x10-202642st142Litre(l)111102302381x10-111200FROM:Barrel(bbl)158.9902859x10-1120091U.S.gallon(galUS)37854U.K.gallon(galUK)45461MASSTO:tltTon,Tonne(t)multiplyby09842Longton(lt)U.K.1Shortton(st)U.S.FROM:1089291016009072245AppendicesAppendix6AveragecalorificvaluesProductNetcalorificvalue(TJ/kt)Anthracite26.7Cokingcoal28.2Otherbituminouscoal25.8Sub-bituminouscoal18.9Lignite11.9Patentfuels20.7Cokeovencoke28.2Gascoke28.2Coaltar28.0Browncoalbriquettes19.0Peat9.76Peatproducts16.0Oilshaleandoilsands8.9Crudeoil42.3Naturalgasliquids44.2Refineryfeedstocks43.0Additivesandoxygenates42.5Otherhydrocarbons(w/obio)42.5Refinerygas49.5Ethane46.4Liquefiedpetroleumgases47.3Motorgasoline(w/obio)44.3Aviationgasoline44.3Gasoline-typejetfuel44.3Kerosene-typejetfuel44.1Otherkerosene43.8Naphtha44.5Gasoilanddieseloil(w/obio)43.0(Residual)Fueloil40.4WhitespiritandSPB40.2Lubricants40.2Bitumen40.2Petroleumcoke32.5Paraffinwaxes40.2Otheroilproducts40.2Charcoal29.5Purebiogasoline27.0Blendedbiogasoline27.0Purebiodiesels37.0Blendedbiodiesels37.0Purebiojetkerosene44.0Blendedbiojetkerosene44.0Otherliquidbiofuels27.4Ifnocalorificvaluesareprovidedbyareportingcountry,EurostatusesthenetcalorificvaluesenactedinCommissionImplementingRegulation(EU)2018/2066onthemonitoringandreportingofgreenhousegasemissionspursuanttoDirective2003/87/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncil.EurostatestimatesforproductsnotcoveredbytheCommissionRegulation(EU)No601/2012.TheseestimatestakeintoaccounttheCommissionDecision2007/589/ECestablishingguidelinesforthemonitoringandreportingofgreenhousegasemissionspursuanttoDirective2003/87/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncil.246EUENERGYINFIGURES2023GlossaryAppendix7GlossaryInparenthesisarethecodesforenergyproductsandenergyflowsandin-dicatorsfromtheEUROSTATEnergydatabase/EUROBASEasofJune2019.MoreextensiveexplanationsisavailableonEurostatwebsiteat:https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?oldid=464172andhttps://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/methodologyALLFUELS“Allfuels”(WHICHcorrespondstothecode“Total”),coversallenergyprod-ucts.Theseconsistofsolidfossilfuels(includinghardcoalandderivatives,browncoalandderivatives,peatandderivatives,oilshaleandoilsands,oilandpetroleumproducts(suchasLPG,refinerygas,motorspirit,kerosene,gas/dieseloil,residualfueloil),naturalgas,manufacturedgases,renew-ableandbiofuels(suchashydropower,windenergy,biomass,wastes,geothermalenergy,ambientheatforheatpumps),electricalenergy,heatenergyandnuclearheat.AMBIENTHEAT(HEATPUMPS)Itistheambientheat(RA600)capturedbyheatpumpsasafuelforheat-ingpurposes.Itisincludedattherenewableenergycategoryandcaneitherbeusedtoproducedheatforsale(inputintransformationforheatproduction)oruseddirectlybyend-users(finalenergyconsumption).TheambientheatcapturedbyheatpumpsisincludedinEurostat’senergybal-ancesasofJanuary2019edition.ANNUALINSTALLEDCAPACITYAnnualinstalledornewinstalledcapacityofagivensourcereferstothecapacityenteringinoperation,duringayearperiod.AUTOPRODUCER:ELECTRICITYANDHEATGENERATIONAutoproducersareplantswhichgenerateelectricityand/orheatfortheirownuse.AVAILABLEFORFINALCONSUMPTION(ENERGY)Energyavailableforfinalconsumptioncoverstheenergyplacedatthedisposaloffinalusers.Thiscodeiscalculatedasfollows:totalenergysup-ply(NRGSUP)+transformationoutput(TO)-transformationinput(TI_E)-consumptionoftheenergysector(NRG_E)-distributionlosses(DL).BIOFUELSBiofuelsarefuelsderiveddirectlyorindirectlyfrombiomass.Biofuelsusedfornon-energypurposesareexcludedfromthescopeofenergystatistics.Biofuelscanbesplitupintothreecategories:Solidbiofuels,liquidbio-fuelsandbiogases.Liquidorgaseousfuelsusedprimarilyfortransport,247Appendicesproducedfrombiomassandrenewablewaste.Theliquidbiofuelsgroupspurebiogasoline(R5210P),blendedbiogasoline(R5210B),purebiodiesel(R5220P),blendedbiodiesel(R5220B),purebiojetkerosene(R5230P),blendedbiojetkerosene(R5230B)andotherliquidbiofuels(R5290).BIOFUELSANDRESWASTEBiofuelsandRESmunicipalwastes(W6210),coversorganic,non-fossilmaterialofbiologicalorigin,whichmaybeusedforheatproductionorelectricitygeneration.Theycompriseprimarysolidbiofuelssuchaswoodandwoodwaste(R5110-5150_W6000RI),biogases(R5300),renewablemunicipalwaste(W6210),charcoal(R5160)andbiofuelssuchas:puregasoline(R5210P),blendedgasoline(R5210B),purebiodiesel(R5220P),blendedbiodiesel(R5220B),purebiojetkerosene(R5230P),blendedbiojetkerosene(R5230B)andotherliquidbiofuels(R5290).Thenon-renewablepartofmunicipalwaste(W6220)andtheindustrialwaste(W6100)areincludedinnon-renewablewaste(W6100_6220).CAPACITYFACTOR-ANNUALAVERAGEItisameasureofefficiency,whichisdefinedastheratioofactualenergyoutputofasourceagainstitsannualmaximumpotentialoutput,orinotherwords,totheenergyitwouldproduceifoperatedatfullratedpowerfor8000hoursayear(i.e.24hoursperdayforabout11months,assum-ingonemonthperyearforannualmaintenance).Itisequaltothetotalannualenergyproduction,dividedbythecumulativecapacityconvertedtoaveragestatisticalyearbase.CHP-COMBINEDHEATANDPOWERCombinedheatandpowerplantreferstoaplantdesignedtoproducesi-multaneouslyheatandelectricityinoneprocess.Itissometimesreferredtoasco-generationpowerstations.CONVENTIONALTHERMALPOWERItisatechnologyfortheproductionofelectricitybyfuelcombustion.Itwillin-cludebiomassuse,whichisalsoconsideredarenewablesourceofelectricity.Thermalpowerstationscoverconventionalpublicutilitypowerstationsfortheproductionofelectricityandheat,aswellasinauto-producerpowerstationsforthegenerationofelectricityandheatsoldtothirdpartiesonly.CUMULATIVEINSTALLEDCAPACITYThisrepresentstherunningsumforconsecutiveperiodsofagivenin-stalledsource.Itindicatesthetotalcapacityavailabilityineachofthoseperiods.ELECTRICITYMIXTheelectricitymixistheproportionofdifferentsourcesinelectricitypro-duction.Whileenergymixismeasuredatgrossinlandconsumptionlevel,248EUENERGYINFIGURES2023electricitymixismeasuredatenergytransformationintoelectricitylevel(i.e.ingrosselectricitygeneration).ENERGYAVAILABLEFORFINALCONSUMPTIONEnergyavailableforfinalconsumption,[AFC],coverstheenergyplacedatthedisposaloffinalusers.Thiscodeiscalculatedasfollows:totalen-ergysupply[NGSUP]+transformationoutput[TO]-transformationinput[TI]-consumptionoftheenergysector[NRG_E]-distributionlosses[DL].Itincludesfinalnonenergyconsumption[FC_NE]andFinalenergycon-sumption[FC_E].ENERGYIMPORTDEPENDENCYEnergydependencyshowstheextenttowhichacountryreliesuponim-portsinordertomeetitsenergyneeds.Itiscalculatedusingthefollowingformula:netimports(asimports–exports,i.e.[IMP]-[EXP])/(grossinlandconsumption[GIC]+internationalmaritimebunkers[INTMARB]).ENERGYINTENSITYEnergyintensitygivesanindicationoftheeffectivenesswithwhichen-ergyisbeingusedtoproduceaddedvalue.ItisdefinedastheratioofGrossavailableenergy[GAE]toGrossDomesticProduct[GDP].ENERGYMIXTheenergymixistheproportionofmainsourcesingrossinlandconsump-tion(excludingelectricityandheat).ENERGYSECTORBROADDEFINITIONItincludestheelectricity,gas,steam,andairconditioningsupplysectoraswellastheenergycommoditiesproductionactivities,miningandextrac-tion,supportactivitiesandmanufactureofenergyproducts.ENERGYSECTORNARROWDEFINITIONItincludestheelectricity,gas,steam,andairconditioningsupplysector.EUROBASETheEurostat,webbased,disseminationdatabasecontainsthefullrangeofpublicallyavailabledatafromEurostat.TheEurobaseisavailableat:https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/databaseFINALENERGYCONSUMPTION(FEC):Finalenergyconsumptioncoversenergysuppliedtothefinalconsum-er’ssectorsforallenergyuses[FC_E].Itexcludesdeliveriestotheen-ergytransformationsectorandtotheenergyindustriesthemselves.Itisthesumoffinalenergyconsumptionbyindustry[FC_IND_E],transport[FC_TRA_E],household[FC_OTH_HH_E],commercial&publicservices249Appendices[FC_OTH_CP_E],agriculture&forestry[FC_OTH_AF_E],fishing[FC_OTH_FISH_E]andotherunspecified[FC_OTH_NSP_E].FINALENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030InordertoallowcomparisonwithEurope2020targetsestablishedpriortotheactualmethodologyofenergybalance,thisEurostatindicator[FEC2020-2030]estimatesFinalenergyconsumptiontothatcalculatedundertheoldmethodology–themethodologyinplaceatthetimeofestablish-ingtheDirective2012/27/EUandEurope2020energyefficiencytargets.ThisindicatorshouldbeusedalsofortrackingprogresstowardsEurope2030energyefficiencytargets.FINALENERGYCONSUMPTION–TRANSPORTFinalenergyconsumption–transport[FC_TRA_E],coverstheconsump-tioninalltypesoftransportation,i.e.,rail,road,domesticaviation,do-mesticnavigation,pipelinetransportandtransportconsumptionnotelse-wherespecified.FINALNON-ENERGYCONSUMPTIONFinalnon-energyconsumptioncoverstheuseofenergyproductsfornon-energypurposes[FC_NE].GDP-GROSSDOMESTICPRODUCTThegrossdomesticproductisthevalueoftheoutputofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthebordersofacountry.Theincomemeasureofgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)isderivedascompensationofemployeesplusgrossoperatingsurplusplusgrossmixedincomesplustaxeslesssubsidiesonbothproductionandimports.GDPATCONSTANTMARKETPRICESGDPvalues,used,werereferencedtoyear2015,inmillionsofeuro,chain-linkedvolumes,at2015exchangerates.GHG–GREENHOUSEGASGHGincludesgasesthatcontributetothenaturalgreenhouseeffect.TheKyotoProtocolcoversabasketofsixgreenhousegases(GHGs)producedbyhumanactivities:Carbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,hydrofluoro-carbons,perfluorocarbonsandsulphurhexafluoride.GHGINTENSITYOFTHEENERGYCONSUMPTIONGHGIntensityoftheEnergyConsumption[kgCO2eq./toe]representstheaverageemissionrateofgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsfromenergyrelatedactivitiesofaneconomyrelativetoitsgrossinlandconsumption.250EUENERGYINFIGURES2023GHGGDPINTENSITYThisrepresentstheaverageemissionrateofGHGemissionsofanecono-myrelativetoitsGDP.GROSSAVAILABLEENERGYGrossavailableenergy[GAE]representsthequantityofenergynecessarytosatisfyallenergydemandofentitiesoperatingundertheauthoritiesofthegeographicalentityunderconsideration.Grossavailableenergyisdefinedbytheformula:primaryproduction[PPRD]+Recovered&RecycledProducts[RCV_RCY]+Imports[IMP]–Exports[EXP]+Stockchanges[STK_CHG].GROSSCALORIFICVALUE(GCV):Thegrosscalorificvalueisthetotalamountofheatreleasedbyaunitquantityoffuel,whenitisburnedcompletelywithoxygen,andwhentheproductsofcombustionarereturnedtoambienttemperature.Thisquan-tityincludestheheatofcondensationofanywatervapourcontainedinthefuelandofthewatervapourformedbythecombustionofanyhydro-gencontainedinthefuel.GROSSELECTRICITYGENERATIONThegrosselectricitygenerationismeasuredattheoutletofthemaintransformers,i.e.theconsumptionofelectricityintheplantauxiliariesandintransformersisincluded.GROSSELECTRICITYGENERATIONPENETRATIONLEVELElectricitypenetrationlevelreferstothefractionofgrosselectricitypro-ductionofasource,comparedwiththetotalgrosselectricitygeneration,allsources.GROSSFINALENERGYCONSUMPTIONGrossfinalconsumptionofenergymeanstheenergycommoditiesdeliv-eredforenergypurposestoindustry,transport,householdsandservices(includingpublicservices),agriculture,forestryandfisheries,includingtheconsumptionofelectricityandheatbytheenergybranchforelectricityandheatproductionandincludinglossesofelectricityandheatindistri-butionandtransmission.Thegross(overall)finalconsumptionofenergyfromrenewablesourcesiscalculatedasthesumof:(a)grossfinalconsumptionofelectricityfromrenewableenergysources;(b)grossfinalconsumptionofenergyfromrenewablesourcesforheatingandcooling;and(c)finalconsumptionofenergyfromrenewablesourcesintransport.GROSSHEATPRODUCEDItisthetotalheatproduced,includinglossesintheinstallations/networkheatexchanges,aswellasheatfromchemicalprocessesusedasprimary251Appendicesenergyform.Forauto-producers,theheatusedbytheundertakingforitsownprocessesisnotincludedhere.Onlyheatsoldtothirdpartiesshouldbereported.GROSSINLANDCONSUMPTIONGrossinlandconsumption[GIC]representsthequantityofenergyneces-sarytosatisfyinlandconsumptionofthegeographicalentityundercon-sideration,i.e.theTotalEnergySupply[NRGSUP],plustheinternationalaviation[INTAVI].Itisalsocalculatedusingthefollowingformula:grossavailableenergy[GAE]–Internationalmaritimebunkers[INTMARB].GrossinlandconsumptioniscalculatedtoensurecontinuityandtransitionfromtheoldEurostatenergybalanceintothenewEurostatenergybalancemethodology.GROSSINLANDCONSUMPTION2020-2030Thisindicator[GIC20202-2030]estimatesGrossinlandconsumptiontothatcalculatedundertheoldmethodology–themethodologyinplaceatthetimeofestablishingtheEurope2020targets.ThisindicatorshouldbeusedalsofortrackingprogresstowardsEurope2030targets.GROSSINSTALLED(ELECTRICITY)CAPACITYThiscoversthegrossinstalledelectricalcapacityofthermal,nuclear,hy-dro,geothermal,windandanyothertypesofpowerplants.ISICTheInternationalStandardIndustrialClassificationofAllEconomicActivi-tiesisaUnitedNationssystemforclassifyingeconomicactivitydata,inthefieldsofproduction,employment,grossdomesticproductandotherstatisticalareas.ISGTheInter-institutionalstyleguideisintendedtoserveasareferencetoolforwrittenworksforallEuropeanUnioninstitutions,bodiesandorganisa-tions,representinganachievementinlinguisticharmonisation.INHABITANTSThisrepresentsthegroupofpersonsfulfillingtherequirementsforlegalpermanentresidencyinaregion/country.LFSTheEULabourForceSurvey(LFS)isalargesamplesurveyamongprivatehouseholdswhichprovidesdetailedannualandquarterlydataon:em-ployment,unemploymentandinactivity.TheLFSisanimportantsourceofinformationaboutthesituationandtrendsintheEUlabourmarket,withasamplesizeisabout1.5millionpeopleeveryquarter.252EUENERGYINFIGURES2023Thedatacanbebrokendownalongmanydimensionsincludingage,sex,educationalattainment,anddistinctionsbetweenpermanent/temporaryandfull-time/part-timeemployment.Intermsofemploymentfiguresaremorerepresentativeofthetotalsector,butunfortunatelynotsodisag-gregatedastheSBSsurvey.LONGSCALE–SHORTSCALEThelongandshortscalesaretwoofseveraldifferentlarge-numbernam-ingsystemsusedforintegerpowersoften.Manycountries,includingmostincontinentalEurope,usethelongscalewhereasmostEnglish-speakingcountriesandArabic-speakingcountriesusetheshortscale.Inthelongscaleeverynewtermgreaterthanamillionisamilliontimesthepreviousterm.Thus,billionmeansamillionmillions,trillionmeansamillionbillions,andsoonIntheshortscaleeverynewtermgreaterthanmillionis1,000timesthepreviousterm.Thus,billionmeansathousandmillions,trillionmeansathousandbillions.NameLongScaleValueinShortScaleValueinScientificnotationScientificnotationmillionbillion106106trillion101210910181012tothenext:tothenext:multiplyby1000000multiplyby1000milliard,isusedinseverallanguagesthatusethelongscaletorepresentacorrespondingvaluetobillionsinshortscale,i.e.109.MANUFACTUREDGASESManufacturedgases[C0350-0370]coverscokeovengas[4210],blastfurnacegas[4220],gasworkgas[4230],andotherrecoveredgas[4240].NACENACEistheacronymusedtodesignatethevariousstatisticalclassifica-tionsofeconomicactivitiesdevelopedsince1970intheEuropeanUnion.Itprovidestheframeworkforcollectingandpresentingalargerangeofstatisticaldataaccordingtoeconomicactivityinthefieldsofeconomicstatistics(e.g.production,employment,nationalaccounts)andinotherstatisticaldomains.NETCALORIFICVALUE(NCV)Thenetcalorificvalueistheamountofheatreleasedbyaunitquantityoffuel,whenitisburnedcompletelywithoxygen,andwhentheproducts253Appendicesofcombustionarereturnedtoambienttemperature.Thisquantitydoesnotincludetheheatofcondensationofanywatervapourcontainedinthefuelnorofthewatervapourformedbythecombustionofanyhydrogencontainedinthefuel.NETIMPORTSNetimportiscalculatedasthedifferencebetweenimports[IMP]andex-ports[EXP].NETELECTRICITYGENERATIONItistheamountofgrossgenerationageneratorproduceslesstheelec-tricityusedtooperatetheplant.OILANDPETROLEUMPRODUCTSOilandpetroleumproducts[O4000XBIO]includecrudeoil[O4100_TOT],naturalgasliquids[O4200],refineryfeedstocks[O4300],additivesandoxygenates(exclbiofuelportion)[O4400X4410],otherhydrocar-bons[O4500]andtheoilproductssuchasLPG[O4630],refinerygas[O4620],ethane[O4620],motorgasoline[O4652XR5210B],aviationgasoline[O4651],gasoline-typejetfuel[O4653],kerosene-typejetfuels[O4661XR5230B],otherkerosene[O4669],naphtha[O4640],gas/die-seloil[O4671XR5220B],fueloil[4680],whitespirit[O4691],lubricants[O4692],bitumen[O4695],petroleumcoke[O4694],paraffinwaxes[O4693]andotheroilproducts[O4699].PRIMARYENERGYCONSUMPTIONPrimaryenergyconsumptioncorrespondstotheGrossInlandconsump-tionminustheenergyincludedinthefinalnon-energyconsumption.PRIMARYENERGYCONSUMPTION2020-2030Thisindicator[PEC2020-2030]reflectsonthedefinitiongiveninArticle2oftheDirective2012/27/EUaswellasthemethodologyofenergybal-ancesinplaceatthetimeofestablishingtheDirectiveandEurope2020energyefficiencytargets.ThisindicatorshouldbeusedalsofortrackingprogresstowardsEuropeenergyefficiency2030targets.Thisisanag-gregatewiththefollowingarithmeticdefinition:[PEC20202-2030]=[GIC2020-2030]–Finalnon-energyconsumption[FC_NE].PRIMARYENERGYINTENSITY2020-2030Primaryenergyintensity2020-2030givesanindicationoftheeffective-nesswithwhichprimaryenergyconsumptionproducesaddedvalue.ItisdefinedastheratioofPrimaryEnergyConsumption2020-2030toGrossDomesticProduct.254EUENERGYINFIGURES2023PRIMARYENERGYPRODUCTION-INDIGENOUSPRODUCTIONPrimaryproduction[PPRD]isanykindofextractionofenergyproductsfromnaturalsourcestoausableformiscalledprimaryproduction.Pri-maryproductiontakesplacewhenthenaturalsourcesareexploited,forexampleincoalmines,crudeoilfields,hydropowerplantsorfabricationofbiofuels.Transformationofenergyfromoneformtoanother,suchaselectricityorheatgenerationinthermalpowerplants,orcokeproduc-tionincokeovens,isnotincludedinprimaryproduction.Ingeneralforsolidfossilfuelsandpeat,productionincludesthequantitiesconsumedbytheproducerduringtheproductionaswellasanyquantitiessuppliedtootheron-siteproducersofenergyfortransformationorotheruses.Foroilandpetroleumproducts,productionincludesonlymarketableproduc-tion,andexcludesanyquantitiesreturnedtoformation.Fornaturalgas,theproductionincludesallquantitiesusedwithinthenaturalgasindus-try,ingasextraction,pipelinesystemsandprocessingplants.Fornuclear,theproductionistheactualheatproducedortheheatcalculatedonthebasisofthegrosselectricitygeneratedandthethermalefficiencyofthenuclearplant.Forrenewablesgeneratingelectricity(hydro,wind,solarthermal-electricandphotovoltaic)productioniscalculatedonthebasisofthegrosselectricitygeneratedandaconversionfactorof3600kJ/kWh.Forgeothermal,productioniscalculatedonthebasisofthedifferencebetweentheenthalpyofthefluidproducedintheproductionboreholeandthatofthefluiddisposedofviathere-injectionborehole.Inthecaseofmunicipalsolidwastes(MSW),wood,woodwastesandothersolidwastes,productionistheheatproducedaftercombustionandcorrespondstotheheatcontent(NCV)ofthefuel.Inthecaseofanaerobicdigestionofwetwastes,productionistheheatcontent(NCV)ofthebiogasesproduced.Theproductionincludesallquantitiesofgasconsumedintheinstalla-tionforthefermentationprocesses,andexcludesallquantitiesofflaredgases.Inthecaseofbioliquids,theproductionistheheatcontent(NCV)ofthefuel.PUMPING,PUMPEDSTORAGEMethodforstoringelectricalenergyathydroelectricinstallationsbypumpingwaterbetweenreservoirsatdifferentaltitudesRENEWABLESANDBIOFUELS(RES):Renewablesandbiofuels[RA000]coverhydropower[RA100],tide,waveandoceanpower[RA500],windpower[RA300],solarphotovoltaic[RA420]andsolarthermal[RA410],geothermal[RA200],renewablemunicipalwaste[W6210],ambientheat[RA600]andbiofuelssuchas:primarysolidbiofuels[R5110-5150_W6000RI],charcoal[R5160],purebiogaso-line[R5210P],blendedbiogasoline[R5210B],purebiodiesels[R5220P],blendedbiodiesels[R5220B],purebiojetkerosene[R5230P],blendedbiojetkerosene[R5230B]andotherliquidbiofuels[R5290].255AppendicesSOLARENERGYSolarenergyissolarradiationexploitedforhotwaterproduction-solarthermal[RA410]andelectricitygeneration–solarphotovoltaic[RA420].Thisenergyproduction,istheheatavailabletotheheattransfermedium,i.e.theincidentsolarenergylesstheopticalandcollectors’losses.SBSStructuralbusinessstatisticscoverindustry,construction,tradeandser-vices.PresentedaccordingtotheNACEactivityclassification,theyde-scribethestructure,conductandperformanceofbusinessesacrosstheEuropeanUnion.SOLIDFOSSILFUELSSolidfossilfuels[C0000X0350-0370]categoryofenergyproductsin-cludesHardcoal[C0100](furtherincludingAnthracite[C0110],Cokingcoal[C0121]andOtherbituminouscoal[C0129]),Browncoal[C0200](fur-therincludingSub-bituminouscoal[C0210]andLignite[C220])andCoalproducts[C0300](furtherincludingPatentfuel[C0320],Cokeovencoke[C0311],Gascoke[C0312],Coaltar[C0340]andBrowncoalbriquettes[C0330]).Quantitiesoffuelsextractedorproduced,calculatedafteranyoperationforremovalofinertmatter.TONNEOFOILEQUIVALENT(TOE)Thetonneofoilequivalentisaconventionalstandardisedunitformeasur-ingenergy,definedonthebasisofatonneofoilwithanetcalorificvalueof41868kilojoules/kg.TOTALENERGYSUPPLYTotalenergysupply[NRGSUP]isoneofthemostimportantaggregateofenergybalanceandrepresentsthequantityofenergynecessarytosat-isfyinlandconsumption(inlandfueldeliveries)ofthegeographicalentityunderconsideration.TotalenergysupplyisthesumofPrimaryproduction[PPRD],Recovered&recycledproducts[RCV_RCY],Imports[IMP]fromwhicharesubtracted:Exports[EXP],Stockchanges[STK_CHG],Internationalmaritimebunkers[INTMARB]andinternationalaviation[INTAVI].TotalEnergySupplyisalsoequivalenttoGrossInlandConsumption[GIC]minusInternationalAviation[INTAVI].TOTALPRIMARYENERGYSUPPLYTotalprimaryenergysupply[TPES]isanIEAenergyflow,definedasthequantityofenergynecessarytosatisfyinlandconsumptionofthegeo-graphicalentityunderconsideration.Itisequaltotheindigenousproduc-tion+imports–exports-internationalmarinebunkers-internationalaviationbunkers+/-stockchanges.ItcorrespondstotheEurostat’sTotalenergysupply[NRGSUP].256EUENERGYINFIGURES2023TRANSFORMATIONINPUTTransformationinput[TI_E]coversallinputsintothetransformationplantsdestinedtobeconvertedintoderivedproducts.Transformationisonlyrecordedwhentheenergyproductsarephysicallyorchemicallymodifiedtoproduceotherenergyproducts,electricityand/orheat.Quan-titiesoffuelsusedforheating,operationofequipmentandingeneralinsupportofthetransformationarenotincludedinTransformationinputbutinEnergysector[NRG_E].TransformationInputisthesumoftheinputsforelectricity&heatgener-ationplants[TI_EHG_E],cokeovens[TI_CO_E],blastfurnaces[TI_BF_E],gasworks[TI_GW_E],refineries&petrochemicalindustry[TI_RPI_E],pat-entfuelplants[TI_PF_E],BKB&PBplants[TI_BKBPB_E],coalliquefac-tionplants[TI_CL_E],forblendednaturalgas[TI_BNG_E],liquidbiofuelsblended[TI_LBB_E],charcoalproductionplants[TI_CPP_E],gas-TI-liquidsplants[TI_GTL_E]andothersnotelsewherespecified[TI_NSP_E].TRANSFORMATIONOUTPUTTransformationoutput[TO_E]istheresultofthetransformationprocessofenergyproducts.Thisoutputcoversproductionofderivedproducts(secondaryproducts,by-productsandco-products).Transformationout-putrefersalwaystogrossproductionofderivedproducts,i.e.theproductsusedfortheownconsumptionofthetransformationplantsareincludedinthetransformationoutputandtheiruseisreportedintheEnergysector.Transformationoutputisthesumoftheoutputfromelectricity&heatgenerationplants[TO_EHG_E],cokeovens[TO_CO_E],blastfurnaces[TO_BF_E],gasworks[TO_GW_E],refineries&petrochemicalindus-try[TO_RPI_E],patentfuelplants[TO_PF_E],BKB&PBplants[TO_BKBPB_E],coalliquefactionplants[TO_CL_E],forblendednaturalgas[TO_BNG_E],liquidbiofuelsblended[TO_LBB_E],charcoalproductionplants[TO_CPP_E],gas-TO-liquidsplants[TO_GTL_E]andothersnotelse-wherespecified[TO_NSP_E].TRANSFORMATIONLOSSESThedifferencebetweentransformationinputandtransformationoutputconstitutestransformationlosses.TURNOVEROrGrossPremiumWrittencomprisesthetotalsinvoicedbytheobserva-tionunitduringthereferenceperiod,andthiscorrespondstomarketsalesofgoodsorservicessuppliedtothirdparties.UNEMPLOYMENTRATETheunemploymentraterepresentsunemployedpersonsasapercentageoftheactivepopulation.257AppendicesNotesAppendix8NotesAPPENDIX8.11.1.1,1.1.2PAGES10,11Energyproductioncorrespondstotheindigenousenergyproduction(IEAmethodology).Itdoesnotincludeproductionfromothersources.AsiaaggregationdoesnotincludeChinadata.1.1.2,1.1.4,1.1.6,1.1.8,PAGES11,13,15AND17Solidfuels,includeshardcoal,ligniteandpeat,aswellasderivedfuels.Petroleumand(petroleum)sub-productscomprisescrudeoil,NGL,feed-stock,additivesaswellasotherhydrocarbons.RES(renewables)isequaltothesumofhydro,geothermal,solarPV,solarthermal,tide,wind,municipalwaste,primarysolidbiofuels,biogases,biogasoline,biodiesel,otherliquidbiofuels,non-specifiedbiofuelsandchar-coalenergy.Industrialwastenotincluded.1.1.3,1.1.4,PAGES12,13TotalEnergySupplyaccordingtoEUROSTATmethodology(seeglossary)correspondstotheTotalPrimaryEnergySupply(seeglossaryTPES),oftheIEAmethodology.AsiaaggregationdoesnotincludeChinadata.1.1.5,1.1.6,PAGES14,15Finalenergyconsumptioncoversenergysuppliedtothefinalconsumer’sdoorforallenergyuses.AsiaaggregationdoesnotincludeChinadata.1.1.8,PAGE17Itisthetotalheatproduced,includinglossesintheinstallations/networkheatexchanges.Howeveronlyautoproducersheatsoldtothirdpartiesishereincluded.Auto-producersheat,usedbytheundertakingfortheirownprocesses,isexcluded.1.1.10,PAGE19CO2IntensityreferstoCO2emissionsactivityintensity,measuredbyitsenergygrossinlandconsumption.1.3.1,PAGE27OverallRESshareismeasuredagainstthetotalgrossfinalenergycon-sumption.258EUENERGYINFIGURES2023APPENDIX8.22.1.1,PAGES37-38Productioncomprisesprimaryproduction[PPRD]andproductsrecovered&recycled[RCV_RCY].2.1.2,PAGES40-41Netimportscorrespondtothedifferencebetweenimports[IMP]andex-ports[EXP].2.1.3,PAGES43-44Grossinlandconsumption[GIC]representsthequantityofenergyneces-sarytosatisfyinlandconsumptionofthegeographicalentityundercon-sideration,includingtheinternationalaviation[INTAVI].ThisaggregateiscalculatedtoensurecontinuityandtransitionfromtheoldEurostaten-ergybalanceintothenewEurostatenergybalance.2.2.1,PAGES49-54Solidfossilfuels-SeeGlossary2.2.2,PAGES54-59Totaloilandpetroleumproducts–seeglossary.CrudeoilandNGLisasubgroupcontainingonlycrudeoil[O4100_TOT]andnaturalgasliquids[O4200]codes.2.3,PAGES71-77See,glossaryenergyimportdependency,appendix12.Pleasenotethathardcoaldependencyisapartofthesolidfuelsde-pendency,naturalgas,ofthegasesdependency,andcrudeandNGLofthetotalpetroleumandpetroleumsub-productsdependency.Thetotalimportdependencycoversallfuelsanditisnotasimpleaverageoftheuppermentionedproducts.2.5.1,PAGE84Energyavailableforfinalconsumptioncoverstheenergyplacedatthedisposaloffinalusers.Itincludesfinalnonenergyconsumption.2.5.2,PAGE85Finalenergyconsumptioncoversenergysuppliedtothefinalconsumer’sdoorforallenergyuses.Itdoesnotincludefinalnon-energyconsumption.2.5.3,PAGE86Finalnon-energyconsumptioncoverstheuseofenergyproductsinnon-energypurposes.259Appendices2.6.1,PAGE90Installedcapacityrepresentsthemaximumactivepowerthatcanbesup-plied,continuously,withallsystemsrunning.Pleasenotethatcombustiblefuelsincludenotonlyfossilfuels,aswellasbiomassandwastes,thatarelaterincluded,also,intherenewablesinstalledcapacity.2.6.2,PAGE93Thegrosselectricitygenerationismeasuredattheoutletofthemaintransformers,i.e.theconsumptionofelectricityintheplantauxiliariesandintransformersisincluded.2.7.1,PAGE99Intermittentenergyonlyincludeswindandsolarenergy.Tideisnotin-cludedinthetotals.Theshareoftheintermittentenergyismeasuredagainsttototalinstalledcapacity,allsources.2.7.2-2.7.8,PAGES101-109Windandsolarenergygeneratedbyallproducers.Annualinstalledcapac-ityincludesnewinstallationsandreplacementofformerwindorsolarsystems.2.7.3,2.7.4,PAGES103-105Grosselectricityproductionwindsharemeasuresthepercentageofwindproducedelectricityinthetotalproduction.Averagecapacityfactoritistheratioofactualenergyoutputofwindsourcesagainstitsannualmaximumpotentialoutput.Itisequaltothetotalannualelectricityproduction,dividedbythecumulativecapacityconvertedtoanaveragestatisticalyearbase.2.7.8,PAGE108Grosselectricityproductionsolarsharemeasuresthepercentageofsolarproducedelectricityinthetotalproduction.2.8,PAGES110-112ThedatacollectionforCHPgenerationisnotbasedintheannualHeatsurvey,butinsteadonaspecificsurveyinaccordancewiththeEnergyEfficiencyDirective2018/2002/EU.Differencescanappearbetweenthetwodatasets.2.9,PAGES113-115Dataisgeneratedbytheannualheatsurvey.Heat,inthesetables,includethetotalheatproduced,includinglossesintheinstallations/networkheatexchanges,aswellasheatfromchemicalprocessesusedasprimaryen-ergyform.Onlyheatsoldtothirdpartiesisherereported.260EUENERGYINFIGURES20232.10,PAGES116-117Thetablesincludethetotalfinalenergyconsumptionofpetroleumprod-ucts,andtwoofitsmainproducts:motorgasoline[O4652XR5210B],andGasoilanddieseloil[O4671XR5220B],andthetotalfinalenergycon-sumptionofbiofuelswithitstwomainproducts:biogasoline[R5210]andbiodiesel[R5220].2.11.1,PAGE119Energyintensitygivesanindicationoftheeffectivenesswithwhichen-ergyisbeingused(GIC)toproduceanaddedvalue(GDP).2.11.4,PAGE122Primaryenergyintensitygivesanindicationoftheeffectivenesswithwhichprimaryenergyisbeingusedtoproduceanunitofaddedvalue(GDP).2.13,PAGES129-135AllavailablepricedatahasbeenusedinthecalculationofEU-widefuelpriceaverages.TheoverallEUpriceisanaverageofthepricesintheindi-vidualcountriesweightedbytheirconsumption.PETROLEUMPRODUCTSHeatinggasoil,lowsulphurfueloil,unleadedpetrolandautomotivedieselpricesaresuppliedbytheMemberStatestoDGENERGYasthosebeingthemostfrequentlyencounteredforthespecificcategoriesofsales.ThepricesareasofJanuary15thineachyear.Theheatinggasoilpricesgivenarefordeliveriesofbetween2000and5000litreswhilethoseforlowsulphurfueloilareformonthlydeliveriesoflessthan2000tonnesorannualdeliveriesoflessthan24000tonnes.Theaveragepumppricesaregivenformotorfuels.TheEUaveragepricesarecalculatedbyweightingthepricesfromeachcountrybythecorrespondingfinalenergyconsumption.ELECTRICITYANDGASThelegalbasisforthecollectionofindustrialgasandelectricitypricesisdefinedbyECDirective2008/92/EC.Thecollectionofpricesincludesna-tionalaveragepricesofthelast6monthsreportedbydifferentconsumerbands.Alltaxesareincludedinthecurrentprices.Consumptionbandshavebeenselectedasthemostrepresentativefortheexercise.APPENDIX8.33.1.1,PAGE140EnergyactivitiessectorinitsbroadandnarrowdefinitionasdefinedbyEUROSTAT/NACEandUN/SICnomenclatures(sectorD35accordingtoNACEcodes).261Appendices3.2,PAGES141-149DatafromtheLFSsurvey.Atemploymentlevel,thisdatasetpresentslargerfiguresthantheSBS,duetothedifferenceofmethodology,anditssamplesize.3.3,PAGES153-156Includesdataonnumberofenterprises,turnover,andpersonsdeclaredasemployed,asoriginatedfromtheSBSsurveythattargetsespeciallyenterprisesbusiness.AtemploymentlevelismoredisaggregatedbutlesscompletethantheLFSsurvey.3.4,PAGE157DataisextractedfromDGEconomicandFinancialAffairs,AMECOdata-base.Differencesmainlyduetodatafreshness,constantrevisions,andmethodologycanappearwhencomparingwithEurostateconomicdata.APPENDIX8.44.1.1,PAGES164-168GHG,greenhousegases,aregasesthatcontributetothenaturalgreen-houseeffect.GHGemissionsaggregateincludesemissionsduetoenergyrelatedactivitiesandothernon-energyrelatedemissionsfromindustrialprocesses,agriculture,wastemanagement,others.Energyrelatedemis-sionsincludethosefromenergyindustries,manufacturingIndustriesandconstruction,transport,commercialandinstitutional,residential,agricul-ture,forestry/fisheriesandothercombustionandfugitiveemissions.4.1.2PAGES169-173StructureofemissionsissimilartotheGHGemissions.APPENDIX8.5Forproductsseeappendix3andtheglossaryfromappendix7.Forenergyflowsseeappendix2andtheglossaryfromappendix7.Forabbreviations,conversionfactorsandunitsseetheexplanationsprovidedinappendices6and7.262EUENERGYINFIGURES2023Notes263Statisticalpocketbook2023264GettingintouchwiththeEUINPERSONAllovertheEuropeanUniontherearehundredsofEuropeDirectinformationcentres.Youcanfindtheaddressofthecentrenearestyouonlineeuropean-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_enONTHEPHONEORINWRITINGEuropeDirectisaservicethatanswersyourquestionsabouttheEuropeanUnion.Youcancontactthisservice:–byfreephone:0080067891011(certainoperatorsmaychargeforthesecalls);–atthefollowingstandardnumber:+3222999696or–viathefollowingform:european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/write-us_enFindinginformationabouttheEUONLINEInformationabouttheEuropeanUnioninalltheofficiallanguagesoftheEUisavailableontheEuropawebsite(europa.eu)EUPUBLICATIONSYoucandownloadororderfreeandpricedEUpublicationsat:op.europa.eu/en/publications.MultiplecopiesoffreepublicationsmaybeobtainedbycontactingEuropeDirectoryourlocalinformationcentre(european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_en).EULAWANDRELATEDDOCUMENTSForaccesstolegalinformationfromtheEU,includingallEUlawsince1951inalltheofficiallanguageversions,gotoEUR-Lex(eur-lex.europa.eu).OPENDATAFROMTHEEUTheportaldata.europa.euprovidesaccesstodatasetsfromtheEU.Datacanbedownloadedandreusedforfree,forbothcommercialandnon-commercialpurposes.https://ec.europa.eu/energy/data-analysis/energy-statistical-pocketbook_en