þʷࣜʷ᡹ÿ፯ᓤԧ࡙‫ڎ‬ᬅᐏᄪ

ࣲ஋ኖᆑቃ˄ᮥઑշˌӯ̎‫ڡ‬ӝႃҧᦊ᫃፯ᓤͰᇏᣁ‫ی‬۳ᆩˁ᡹य़គѿᆑቃth⹄ウഒ䱏Ύ亩ⴞᡀઈ˖ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒‫⹄࢟‬ウઈ⭏ᘱ⧟ຳ䜘ሩཆਸ֌оӔ⍱ѝᗳ‫࢟‬ѫԫуᇦ亮઼֠⭏ᘱ⧟ຳ䜘ሩཆਸ֌оӔ⍱ѝᗳ亩ⴞѫ㇑ᵾ⁡ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒、ᢰ㇑⨶༴༴䮯⹄ウઈҾᗳᙑѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒‫⹄࢟‬ウઈ᷇ភѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒‫⹄࢟‬ウઈ䛒仆ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒‫⹄࢟‬ウઈ䜝ᔪᯠѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒ࣙ⨶⹄ウઈᵡ≨ᖜѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒ࣙ⨶⹄ウઈ〻ཊေѝഭ、ᆖ䲒བྷᆖ‫᭯ޡޜ‬ㆆо㇑⨶ᆖ䲒ঊ༛⹄ウ⭏⊚᰾ᴸѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒ঊ༛⹄ウ⭏ⴋ➌䖹ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒⺅༛⹄ウ⭏‫ࡈ‬ᆷ⛛ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒⺅༛⹄ウ⭏Ҿьᲆѝഭ、ᆖ䲒、ᢰᡈ⮕૘䈒⹄ウ䲒⹄ウࣙ⨶ᶘ֣䴟ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒བྷᆖѝѩᆖ䲒⺅༛⹄ウ⭏‫ࡈ‬䶆ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒བྷᆖ‫᭯ޡޜ‬ㆆо㇑⨶ᆖ䲒⺅༛⹄ウ⭏⦻⩋⭏ᘱ⧟ຳ䜘ሩཆਸ֌оӔ⍱ѝᗳ亩ⴞࣙ⨶䱸ঃઘ᜿᷇ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ㹼ъॿՊ⹄ウӪઈѝṨᡈ⮕㿴‫⹄ࡂ‬ウᙫ䲒‫⹄࢟‬ウઈѝᯩ૘䈒уᇦ˖ьⴏоьӊ㓿⍾⹄ウᡰᡈ⮕о‫ࡋ‬ᯠ⹄ウѫԫ䍮ѩ䎺ই㜭Ⓚо≄‫ى‬儈㓗⤜・уᇦᆹዙཆᯩ૘䈒уᇦ˖ᆹᐳ㧛⋫䱞ഭᒶ⹄ウഒ䱏Ⲵᡀઈ઼亮䰞ԕަњӪ䓛ԭ৲࣐⹄ウᐕ֌ˈᣕ੺ѝ㺘䗮Ⲵ㿲⛩нԓ㺘ަᡰ൘অս৺“аᑖа䐟”㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵㚄ⴏ㿲⛩DŽ㠤䉒ᝏ䉒Āаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵⹄ウ䲒䜝ᮜ䲒䮯ǃᕐᔪᆷᢗ㹼䲒䮯ˈ㜭Ⓚส䠁Պ俆ᑝᢗ㹼ᇈެѝഭ४ᙫ㻱䛩僕‫⭏ݸ‬Ѫᣕ੺ᨀ‫׋‬ⲴᙫփᤷሬDŽᝏ䉒ेӜབྷᆖ㜭Ⓚ⹄ウ䲒ᶘ⦹ጠ⢩㚈⹄ウઈǃॾे⭥࣋བྷᆖ㓿⍾о㇑⨶ᆖ䲒㺱ᇦ⎧ᮉᦸǃѝഭӪ≁བྷᆖ‫ߌ‬ъо‫ߌ‬ᶁਁኅᆖ䲒䱸᭿呿ᮉᦸǃഭᇦ≄‫ى‬ᡈ⮕ѝᗳ᭯ㆆ⌅㿴䜘ѫԫᴩ仆⹄ウઈǃѝഭ、ᆖ䲒ൠ⨶、ᆖо䍴Ⓚ⹄ウᡰᵾӱᕪ‫⹄࢟‬ウઈǃĀаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ᣅ䍴৏‫˄ࡉ‬GIP˅〈Җ༴〻⩣ѫԫǃӊ⍢ਟᤱ㔝䠁㶽⹄ウ䲒俆ᑝᢗ㹼ᇈ哴ቔ䠁‫⭏ݸ‬ǃѝഭ䘋ࠪਓ䬦㹼ᇒᡧᴽ࣑㇑⨶䜘㩕䬰᭯ㆆᤷሬ༴‫ࡈ‬ѹॾ‫࢟‬༴䮯ǃѝഭ⸣⋩ഭ䱵ई᧒ᔰਁᴹ䲀‫ޜ‬ਨ‫ڕ‬ᓧᆹ‫؍⧟ޘ‬䜘䎥ᡀᮼѫԫǃཙਸ‫ݹ‬㜭ӊཚ⭥ㄉ‫ࡋ‬ഒᙫ㻱ᵾ呿‫ˈ⭏ݸ‬ԕ৺㜭Ⓚส䠁Պᙫ㻱࣎‫ޜ‬ᇔ䗋హᾐѫԫǃ丙⛌ѫԫǃᕐㅁሂॿ䈳ઈǃ䎥᮷ঊ儈㓗уઈо᡽႗႗ѫ㇑ˈ㔯㢢㚄ⴏ〈Җ༴㬍㢣‫࢟‬༴䮯઼ᵾ⁡ǃҾᗳᙑǃઘ᜿᷇ㅹуᇦѪᣕ੺‫؞‬᭩઼ᆼழᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵᇍ䍥ᔪ䇞DŽⴞᖅᢗ㹼᪈㾱................................................................Iㅜаㄐ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴᯠ㛼Ჟ..........................................1ㅜҼㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣ਁኅ⧠⣦.....................................3аǃьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘ਁኅ⢩⛩‫......................................᷀࠶‬3Ҽǃьইӊ᧘䘋⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴ⴨‫᭯ޣ‬ㆆ...............................12йǃьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘ഭ䱵ਸ֌⧠⣦.....................................14ㅜйㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᵪ䙷઼᥁ᡈ............................19аǃьইӊ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴᵪ䙷.......................................19Ҽǃьইӊ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴ᥁ᡈ.......................................22ㅜഋㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴṸֻ‫——᷀࠶‬ԕ䎺ইоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊѪֻ....27аǃ䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රṸֻ‫...................................᷀࠶‬27Ҽǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රṸֻ‫.............................᷀࠶‬50ㅜӄㄐѝഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ㓿傼——ԕ‫ݹ‬ԿӗъѪֻ....................65аǃѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵਁኅশ〻.........................................66Ҽǃѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ਁኅⲴ㓿傼ᙫ㔃.....................................71ㅜ‫ޝ‬ㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රਸ֌Ⲵ᭯ㆆᔪ䇞......................75аǃьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᔪ䇞...................................75Ҽǃѝഭоьইӊ਴ഭਸ֌‫׳‬䘋⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᔪ䇞.................79৲㘳᮷⥞.............................................................82ᢗ㹼᪈㾱2021ᒤ‫ˈࡍ‬ᕕ╛‫⨳ޘ‬Ⲵᯠа䖞㜭Ⓚডᵪ䘋а↕᳤䵢Ҷ儈ᓖ‫׍‬䎆ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚਁኅ䐟ᖴⲴᔺㄟDŽ਼ᰦˈᗇ⳺Ҿᢰᵟ䘋↕઼㿴⁑㓿⍾ㅹഐ㍐ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᡀᵜᤱ㔝л䱽ˈㄎҹ࣋ᰕ⳺໎ᕪˈ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜ර↓䙀↕ᡀѪц⭼ཊഭ‫◰ࡪ‬㓿⍾໎䮯Ⲵᯠࣘ㜭DŽьইӊഭᇦⲴ㜭Ⓚԕ৺⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴᲞ䙽ԕॆ⸣㜭ⓀѪѫˈ㲭❦ާ༷䖳ྭⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚ⾰䍻ˈն䶎≤ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᔰਁ〻ᓖн儈ˈ㠚䓛ਁኅ〻ᓖⲴተ䲀ҏ‫ࡦ‬㓖ҶьইӊഭᇦⲴ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜ර䘋〻DŽഐ↔ˈഭ䱵ਸ֌ሶ൘ьইӊഭᇦ㔯㢢վ⻣ਁኅ䗷〻ѝਁᥕ䟽㾱֌⭘DŽᵜᣕ੺ᙫ㔃Ҷᖃ‫⨳ޘࡽ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴ⧠⣦ԕ৺਴ഭ䟷ਆⲴ㹼ࣘˈᒦሩьইӊഭᇦ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵվ⻣ਁኅⲴ⧠⣦䘋㹼Ҷ‫ˈ᷀࠶‬वᤜ⭥Ⓚ઼⭥㖁ਁኅ⢩⛩ǃ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴ⴨‫᭯ޣ‬ㆆˈԕ৺ഭ䱵⽮Պ൘ьইӊ䘋㹼⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ⲵᛵ‫ߥ‬DŽ⹄ウ䇶࡛Ҷьইӊ൘⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜ර䘋〻ѝⲴᵪ䙷৺᥁ᡈˈᒦ䘹ਆঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼䎺ইєњިරഭᇦ֌ѪṸֻˈ␡‫᷀ࢆޕ‬ьইӊഭᇦ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴⴞḷ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃ䖜ර䳌⺽ԕ৺ഭ䱵ਸ֌䴰≲DŽ਼ᰦˈᵜᣕ੺ԕ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ѫֻˈᙫ㔃Ҷѝഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ㓿傼ˈԕᵏѪьইӊഭᇦᨀ‫׋‬ᴰ֣ᇎ䐥৲㘳DŽᴰਾˈ䪸ሩьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රԕ৺ѝഭྲօᴹ᭸৲о䘉а䖜ර䘋〻ᨀࠪҶᔪ䇞DŽѫ㾱⹄ウ㔃䇪ྲл˖аǃ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜ර䘛൘ⴹ⶛ˈ਴ഭ࣐䙏᧘ࣘ㜭Ⓚ␵⌱ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅDŽ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚডᵪ㭃ᔦሬ㠤㜭ⓀԧṬᲞ䙽к⏘ˈተ䜘‫ߢ‬ケӖՊሩ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ӗ⭏аᇊᖡ૽DŽ‫⨳ޘ‬ཙ❦≄ǃ➔⛝ǃ⸣⋩йབྷՐ㔏㜭ⓀԧṬ伎䙏к⏘ˈ㜭ⓀডᵪӾ⅗⍢ਁㄟᒦᴰ㓸ᕕ╛‫⨳ޘ‬DŽ儈ᓖ‫׍‬䎆ॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴਁኅ䐟ᖴᔺㄟ᜸ਁケᱮˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ࣐䙏ਁኅԕ৺⭥≄ॆ≤ᒣⲴᨀ儈㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱DŽᖃ‫ࡽ‬བྷ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䜭ᨀࠪҶ⻣ѝ઼ᡆ߰䴦ᧂ᭮Ⲵⴞḷˈնᴤ䟽㾱Ⲵᱟ䟷ਆ᧘ࣘⴞḷᴹ᭸㩭ᇎⲴ㹼ࣘDŽ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦᐢቡ‫➔߿‬䘰➔ⴞḷ䗮ᡀа㠤ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ࣋ᓖҏ↓൘нᯝ࣐ᕪDŽҼǃьইӊ䶎≤ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ䗵䙏ᵚᶕਁኅ▌࣋ᐘབྷDŽьইӊ⭥࣋㻵ᵪ㿴⁑൘䘁ᒤᤱ㔝‫؍‬ᤱ໎䮯ᘱ࣯DŽ䗷৫ᒤˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵᙫਁ⭥䟿໎࣐Ҷ‫ؽ‬DŽᒤˈьইӊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㻵ᵪঐ∄Ѫˈ➔⭥ঐ㻵ᵪᙫ䟿ⲴDŽьইӊ➔⭥ᵪ㓴䖳Ѫᒤ䖫ˈ൘䘀ᵪ㓴ᒣ൷ሯભ㓖Ѫᒤˈᴹ䖳བྷⲴᢰᵟᨀॷо᭩䙐オ䰤DŽьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪঐ∄ӾᒤⲴᬰॷ㠣ᒤⲴˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪ໎䮯ѫ㾱⭡≤⭥໎䮯᧘ࣘˈ䘁ᒤᶕˈ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ҏ൘ᘛ䙏໎䮯DŽьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴ⓀѠᇼˈնᔰਁ࣋ᓖн䏣ˈᵚᶕਁኅ▌࣋ᐘབྷDŽйǃ⎧ཆഭᇦᒯ⌋৲оьইӊ⭥লᔪ䇮ˈ⎧ཆᣅ䍴ԕ䴰≲ሬੁѪѫˈ䘁ᒤᶕਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴໎䮯᰾ᱮDŽI⎧ཆഭᇦ৲оҶьইӊ䎵䗷Ⲵ⭥࣋亩ⴞᔪ䇮ˈԕᐕ〻ᙫ᢯व઼䇮༷ࠪਓѪѫDŽѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ⌅ഭǃ丙ഭǃ㖾ഭᱟ৲оьইӊ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴ᴰཊⲴഭᇦDŽѝഭǃᰕᵜԕᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴Ѫѫˈ㖾ഭǃ丙ഭԕ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴ѪѫDŽ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ਴ഭⲴᣅ䍴⭥࣋㔃ᶴоьইӊ਴ഭ⭥࣋㔃ᶴสᵜа㠤DŽᣅ䍴䟿кˈ⎧ཆ൘ঠቬǃ䎺ইǃ⌠ഭᣅ䍴ᴰཊDŽশਢ㍟䇑ᮠᦞᶕⴻˈ⎧ཆᣅ䍴ԕॆ⸣㜭ⓀѪѫˈն䘁ᒤᶕˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴ᔰ࿻໎ཊDŽѝഭሩьইӊⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴ѫ㾱Ѫ≤⭥઼‫ݹ‬Կˈ≤⭥ᣅ䍴ѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘Ḝคመǃ㘱᥍ǃ䎺ইǃ㔵⭨ㅹ≤⭥䍴Ⓚ⴨ሩѠᇼⲴഭᇦˈ‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴ѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘䎺ইǃ㨢ᖻᇮǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊㅹഭDŽ≤⭥аⴤᱟ⎧ཆਟ‫⭏޽‬ᣅ䍴Ⲵ䟽⛩亶ฏDŽഋǃьইӊ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රᵪ䙷о᥁ᡈᒦᆈDŽᵪ䙷˖ьইӊᵚᶕ⭥࣋䴰≲ᕪ࣢ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚ▌࣋ᐘབྷˈьⴏᮤփԕ৺ьইӊ਴ഭ൷‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅⴞḷˈ‫⨳ޘ‬ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᡀᵜ൘нᯝ䱽վфਁኅ᜸ਁ䗵䙏ˈьইӊഭ䱵ਸ֌䎻࣯ᮤփੁྭDŽ᥁ᡈ˖➔⭥Ⲵ࣐䙏䘰ࠪሶ࣐‫ࢗ‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄᆹ‫ޘ‬仾䲙ᒦᕅਁ䍴ӗᨱ⍵о‫↓ޜ‬䖜රㅹ᥁ᡈˈ⭥࣋䖜ර᭯ㆆ᭟ᤱᓖн䏣ф᭯ᓌᢗ㹼࣋⅐㕪ˈ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ≤ᒣ䖳վф␵⌱㜭Ⓚਁኅਇ䱫ˈ⭥㖁ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮ӏᖵ᭩ழфьⴏӂ㚄ӂ䙊䘋ኅ㕃ធˈ䖜ර䍴䠁㕪ਓ䖳བྷф㕪ѿᴹ᭸Ⲵᐲ൪㶽䍴ᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽӄǃьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රਸ֌Ⲵᔪ䇞˄а˅ሩьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᔪ䇞˖аᱟሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䖜ර֌Ѫ⯛ਾ㓿⍾༽㣿Ⲵ䟽㾱㓴ᡀ䜘‫ˈ࠶‬䚯‫ݽ‬བྷ䟿ᣅ䍴⍱ੁ➔⭥㹼ъ˗Ҽᱟ‫׳‬䘋➔⭥ੁᨀ‫⚥׋‬⍫༷⭘ᴽ࣑䖜රˈ᧘ࣘ␵⌱儈᭸᭩䙐˗йᱟ᧘䘋⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ᭩䶙ˈ㩕䙐ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴ㢟ྭ⧟ຳ˗ഋᱟᆼழᐲ൪ᣅ㶽䍴ᵪ‫࣐ˈࡦ‬ᕪ䠁㶽㹼ъⲴ⧟ຳо仾䲙䇴ՠˈᤃᇭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ䍴䠁ᶕⓀ˗ӄᱟ໎ᕪ᭯⋫ӂؑˈራ≲४ฏ䰤Ⲵ⭥࣋ਸ֌ˈ᧘ࣘьⴏ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊˗‫ޝ‬ᱟ⌘䟽‫ޜ‬↓䖜රˈ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ਴ഭᮤփ㜭Ⓚ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රᡈ⮕ᯩṸˈ㌫㔏䈻‫ࡂ‬䀓‫ߣ‬䖜ර䘋〻ѝ਴४ฏǃ਴ӗъᴹ‫ޣ‬ᢰᵟ‫ࡋ‬ᯠǃӪ᡽ษޫㅹᯩ䶒Ⲵ䰞仈˗гᱟ‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬ഭ䱵ਸ֌Ⲵᢰᵟǃ䍴䠁઼㓿傼ˈ࣐䙏ਁኅਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋DŽ˄Ҽ˅ሩѝഭоьইӊਸ֌‫׳‬䘋⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᔪ䇞˖аᱟ〟ᶱоьইӊഭᇦᔰኅሩ䈍оਸ֌ˈ‫࠶‬ӛѝഭ⭥࣋䖜රਁኅⲴᴰ֣ᇎ䐥ˈᨀ‫׋‬ഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌⲴ⭥࣋䖜ර㿴‫ᯩࡂ‬Ṹ˗Ҽᱟ࣐ᕪоьইӊഭᇦⲴ␵⌱⭥࣋ᣅ䍴о䍨᱃ਸ֌ˈ᧘ࣘਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥䇮༷‫ࡦ‬䙐઼ࠪਓ˗йᱟ᧘䘋оьইӊഭᇦⲴ㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴ਸ֌ˈ࣐ᕪ⎧ཆᣅ㶽䍴Ⲵ亩ⴞ‫ࡽ‬䇴ՠˈ‫؍‬䳌ᖃൠⲴ䖜ර‫ޜ‬ᒣ˗ഋᱟ〟ᶱ᭟ᤱьইӊഭᇦ⭥㖁ॷ㓗ˈ‫׳‬䘋䐘ഭ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ˈ᧘ࣘᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏ǃۘ㜭ᢰᵟㅹ亶ฏਁኅˈᒦᖒᡀഭ䱵ḷ߶ˈ᧘ࣘᴤཊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᮤਸ˗ӄᱟ䟷ਆ࣑ᇎ㹼ࣘ‫׳‬䘋‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈ‫؍‬䳌‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵᆹ‫઼ޘ‬っᇊᒦਸ֌‫׳‬䘋‫׋‬ᓄ䬮㔯㢢վ⻣ॆˈѪ㜭Ⓚվ⻣䖜රᨀ‫׋‬㓿⍾ᢰᵟਟ㹼ⲴᯩṸDŽIIㅜаㄐ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴᯠ㛼Ჟаǃ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚডᵪ㭃ᔦሬ㠤㜭ⓀԧṬᲞ䙽к⏘ˈተ䜘‫ߢ‬ケӖሩ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ӗ⭏Ҷаᇊᖡ૽DŽ2021ᒤˈ‫⨳ޘ‬ཙ❦≄ǃ➔⛝ǃ⸣⋩йབྷՐ㔏㜭ⓀԧṬ伎䙏к⏘ˈ㜭ⓀডᵪӾ⅗⍢ਁㄟᒦᴰ㓸ᕕ╛‫⨳ޘ‬DŽԕ㦧‫ޠ‬TTFཙ❦≄ᵏ䍗ԧṬѪֻˈ2021ᒤ‫ޘ‬ᒤˈTTFཙ❦≄ᵏ䍗ᴰվԧоᴰ儈ԧ‫࡛࠶‬Ѫ3ᴸ3ᰕⲴ15.5⅗‫⬖ݶ/ݳ‬ᰦ઼12ᴸ21ᰕⲴ187.8⅗‫⬖ݶ/ݳ‬ᰦˈ儈վԧ⴨ᐞ㓖12.1‫ؽ‬DŽཙ❦≄ԧṬⲴབྷᑵк⏘◰ਁҶ➔⛝ǃ⸣⋩Ⲵᴯԓ䴰≲ˈᒦ਼ṧԕԧṬབྷᑵк⏘Ⲵᖒ࣯੸⧠DŽ㓭঑ᯟቄ➔⛝ᵏ䍗൘2021ᒤ‫ޘ‬ᒤⲴᴰ儈ԧоᴰվԧ⴨ᐞ㓖3.4‫ˈؽ‬ᐳՖ⢩৏⋩ᵏ䍗‫ࡉ‬Ѫ1.7‫ؽ‬DŽйབྷՐ㔏㜭ⓀԧṬⲴབྷᑵк⏘䲿⵰‫⨳ޘ‬䍨᱃䬮ੁц⭼਴ൠᢙᮓˈᴰ㓸ᕅਁ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭ⓀডᵪDŽ਼ᰦ‫״‬㖇ᯟ֌Ѫ‫⨳ޘ‬䟽㾱Ⲵ㜭Ⓚࠪਓഭˈ൘‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬㔉ᯩ䶒ਁᥕ⵰Ѯ䏣䖫䟽Ⲵ֌⭘DŽԕ⅗⍢Ѫֻˈ‫״‬㖇ᯟ䮯ᵏԕᶕⲴ⸣⋩઼ཙ❦≄‫׋‬㔉䟿‫࡛࠶‬ঐ‫⅗ࡠ‬⍢⸣⋩઼ཙ❦≄䘋ਓ䟿Ⲵ25%઼35%ᐖਣDŽഐ↔ˈተ䜘‫ߢ‬ケሶՊᕅਁ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚᐲ൪Ⲵࣘ㦑ˈᒦሩ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬㔉ᖒ࣯ԕ৺ᵚᶕ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭ⓀṬተ䙐ᡀᖡ૽DŽҼǃ儈ᓖ‫׍‬䎆ॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴਁኅ䐟ᖴᔺㄟ᜸ਁケᱮˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ࣐䙏ਁኅԕ৺⭥≄ॆ≤ᒣⲴᨀ儈㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱DŽаᯩ䶒ˈ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚডᵪлॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ‫׍‬䎆ሬ㠤Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄ⸝㕪ˈᒦ仁仁ড৺ഭᇦ㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ྲˈޘ‬ঠᓖǃᰕᵜԕ৺⅗⍢ཊഭ䘁ᵏਁ⭏Ⲵ⭥࣋⸝㕪DŽਖаᯩ䶒ˈ൘‫ޘ‬⨳⻣亴㇇オ䰤᜸ਁ㍗㕙Ⲵ㛼Ჟлˈॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ↓൘䙀↕䘰ࠪশਢ㡎ਠˈ‫⨳ޘ‬ሩॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴ䴰≲ሶབྷᑵл䱽ˈ亴䇑൘2050ᒤᇎ⧠⻣ѝ઼Ⲵ㛼Ჟлˈॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ൘㓸ㄟ㜭Ⓚ⎸䍩ѝⲴঐ∄ሶӾ2019ᒤⲴ65%л䱽㠣20%ᐖਣˈਆ㘼ԓѻⲴᱟਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴབྷ㿴⁑ǃ儈∄ֻਁኅԕ৺⭥≄ॆⲴᲞ৺DŽަѝˈᗇ⳺ҾᡀᵜⲴᘛ䙏л䱽ˈԕ‫ݹ‬Կо仾⭥ѪѫⲴվ⻣⭥࣋ࣙ࣋ᐘབྷˈ൘⻣ѝ઼ⴞḷлˈ亴䇑2050ᒤ‫⨳ޘ‬Ⲵ仾‫ݹ‬㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬2019ᒤⲴ15‫ؽ‬ԕк[1]DŽйǃ਴ഭӏ享࣐ᕪվ⻣䖜ර࣋ᓖˈᖃ‫ࡽ‬བྷ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䜭ᨀࠪҶ⻣ѝ઼ᡆ߰䴦ᧂ᭮ⲴⴞḷDŽ᭯ᓌ䰤≄‫ى‬ਈॆငઈՊㅜ‫⅑ޝ‬䇴ՠᣕ੺ㅜаᐕ֌㓴ᤷࠪˈⴞ‫⨳ޘࡽ‬ॷ⑙ᐢ䗮ć[2]ˈ䐍⿫ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJ‫ࡦ‬ᇊⲴ≄‫⑙ى‬ॷ᧗‫ࡦ‬ⴞḷⲴᓅ㓯᜸ᶕ᜸䘁ˈ਴ഭ൷䴰࣐བྷվ⻣䖜රⲴ࣋ᓖˈԕᵏ㕙ሿ⭊㠣ᕕ㺕оljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⴞḷѻ䰤Ⲵᐞ䐍DŽᖃ‫ˈࡽ‬བྷ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䜭ᔰኅҶ⴨ᓄⲴվ⻣䖜ර㹼ࣘˈᡚ㠣2022ᒤ6ᴸ9ᰕˈഭ䱵кᐢᴹ132њഭᇦᨀࠪᡆ߶༷ᨀࠪ⻣ѝ઼ᡆ߰䴦ᧂ᭮Ⲵⴞḷˈަѝˈᴹ74њഭᇦ䙊䗷ਓཤ᢯䈪ǃ᭯ㆆᇓ⽪ᡆ・⌅ㅹᖒᔿ᰾⺞Ҷަ⻣ѝ1઼ⴞḷˈᐤᐤཊᯟǃнѩǃ傜ቄԓཛ઼ই㣿ѩഋњഭᇦⲴ⻣ѝ઼ᰦ䰤ᴰѪ䘛‫ަˈ࠷‬᢯䈪ᰦ䰤൷Ѫ2030ᒤDŽਖཆˈᴹ17њഭᇦᐢ㓿↓ᔿѪ⻣ѝ઼ⴞḷ・⌅ˈབྷཊѪ⅗⍢ഭᇦˈवᤜᗧഭǃ⌅ഭǃ⪎ިǃ‫״‬㖇ᯟㅹ[3]DŽഋǃ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦᐢቡ䘰➔ⴞḷ䗮ᡀа㠤ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ࣋ᓖ↓൘нᯝ࣐ᕪDŽCOP26ᖒᡀҶljṬ᣹ᯟକ≄‫ى‬ॿ䇞NJ˄GlasgowClimatePact˅ˈ俆⅑ሩ਴ഭ䙀↕‫߿‬ቁᵚ࣐㻵‫߿‬ᧂ䇮ᯭⲴ⟳➔⭥লᨀࠪ᰾⺞㾱≲DŽ↔ཆˈ70ཊњഭᇦ઼㓴㓷䘈ㆮ㖢Ҷlj‫⌱␵ੁ⛝➔⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䗷⑑༠᰾NJ˄GlobalCoaltoCleanPowerTransitionStatement˅DŽᡚ㠣2021ᒤᒤѝˈ‫⨳ޘ‬ᐢᴹ21њഭᇦ᢯䈪൘പᇊⲴᰦ䰤Ṷᷦ‫޵‬䙀↕␈⊠➔⛝ˈնѫ㾱䜭ᱟҼॱഭ䳶ഒ઼⅗ⴏⲴਁ䗮ഭᇦ[4]DŽо↔਼ᰦˈབྷཊᮠഭᇦ൘ަᯠⲴഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞᮷Ԧѝ㓧㓧к䈳Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅⴞḷDŽֻྲˈ㖾ഭ᢯䈪ሶҾ2035ᒤᇎ⧠“䴦⻣⭥࣋”ⲴⴞḷˈьইӊⲴঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊሶ2025ᒤਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚঐа⅑㜭ⓀⲴ∄䟽‫࡛࠶‬ᨀॷ㠣23%ǃ31%ㅹDŽ2ㅜҼㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣ਁኅ⧠⣦жȽђ঍Ӑ⭫࣑䜞䰞ਇኋ⢯⛯‫᷆࠼‬˄а˅ьইӊ⭥࣋㻵ᵪ㿴⁑ᮤփᛵ‫ߥ‬1ǃ⭥࣋㻵ᵪ㿴⁑൘䘁20ᒤᤱ㔝‫؍‬ᤱ໎䮯ᘱ࣯DŽ2020ᒤьইӊൠ४⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮285ਹ⬖ˈަѝ2005—2020ᒤᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䎵150ਹ⬖ˈᒤᒣ൷໎䙏㓖6.6%DŽ䗷৫20ᒤˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵᙫਁ⭥䟿໎࣐Ҷ3‫֌ˈؽ‬Ѫ‫ޘ‬ц⭼㓿⍾⍫࣋ᴰᕪⲴ४ฏѻаˈӪਓ໎䮯о㓿⍾ਁኅሶ᭟᫁䈕४ฏ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㿴⁑ᤱ㔝໎䮯DŽᦞьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳ㔏䇑[5]ˈ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈьইӊൠ४ᐢ䇑‫ࡂ‬Ⲵ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬334ਹ⬖DŽ2ǃ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝॆ⸣㜭Ⓚӽঐ䟽㾱ൠսDŽӾ㻵ᵪ㔃ᶴᶕⴻˈ2000ᒤьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䎵75%ˈфᡚ㠣2020ᒤˈьইӊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ঐ∄ӽ䗮66.5%DŽ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄㓖Ѫᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ1/3ˈަѝˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊⲴ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ьইӊൠ४ᧂ਽‫ࡽ‬йDŽ䗷৫20ᒤˈьইӊⲴᙫਁ⭥䟿кॷҶ3‫ަˈؽ‬ѝ➔⭥䎧ѫሬ֌⭘ˈ⟳➔ਁ⭥䟿໎࣐Ҷ6‫⭥ਁ≄⟳ˈؽ‬䟿໎࣐䎵1‫ˈؽ‬㘼⋩⭥ԭ仍л䱽Ҷ㓖80%DŽ2020ᒤˈьইӊ⟳➔ਁ⭥ঐ∄Ѫ40%ᐖਣˈфᵚᶕሩ⟳➔Ⲵ䴰≲ӽሶ‫؍‬ᤱ儈սDŽ᤹ᐢᴹ䇑‫ࡠˈࡂ‬2025ᒤˈьইӊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚᙫփ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄ሶл䱽㠣62.4%ˈնᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ӽ儈䗮20ਹ⬖ˈ㓖Ѫ⧠ᴹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ1/5ˈަѝབྷ䜘‫࠶‬ᶕ㠚ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ই઼㨢ᖻᇮDŽ3ǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄໎䙏䖳ᘛDŽьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄㠚2005ᒤⲴ19.1%໎䮯㠣2020ᒤⲴ33.5%ˈфབྷ䜘‫࠶‬໎䮯䳶ѝ൘䘁10ᒤDŽަѝˈьইӊ2020ᒤᇎ䱵Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄о亴ᵏⲴ2030ᒤਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⴞḷӵᐞ1.5%DŽ䘉ѫ㾱ᗇ⳺Ҿ≤⭥о‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵᘛ䙏໎࣐ˈ‫⭡࡛࠶‬2005ᒤⲴ24.9ਹ⬖о‫ࠐ‬ѾѪ0кॷ㠣2020ᒤⲴ59.5ਹ⬖о22.9ਹ⬖ˈ䘁5ᒤ‫ݹˈ޵‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿кॷҶ10‫ؽ‬DŽ൘㘱᥍ǃ䎺ইǃḜคመ઼㔵⭨ㅹഭˈ2020ᒤਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䜭䗮‫ࡠ‬ᡆ䎵䗷ҶаॺDŽ2020ᒤˈьইӊഭᇦᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚঐ∄㓖Ѫ82%DŽަѝˈ‫ݹ‬Կঐ∄ᴰ儈ˈᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㓖Ѫ11.8ਹ⬖ˈᖃ‫⭥ࡽ‬Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝঐ∄ᴰ儈Ⲵ≤⭥Ⲵᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㓖Ѫ6ਹ⬖DŽ2019ᒤˈьⴏॱഭⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥䟿∄2015ᒤ໎䮯Ҷሶ䘁50%ˈ൘ᙫਁ3⭥䟿ѝⲴঐ∄⭡17.7%໎࣐㠣21.7%DŽ᤹൘ᔪ亩ⴞ㔏䇑[6]ˈ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤьইӊഭᇦᯠ໎Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㓖Ѫ30ਹ⬖ˈቺᰦਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄ሶ໎㠣37.6%DŽ൘໎䟿ѝˈ仾⭥˄12.4ਹ⬖˅ǃ‫ݹ‬Կ˄6.7ਹ⬖˅઼ൠ✝ਁ⭥˄4ਹ⬖˅սት‫ࡽ‬йDŽ2005—2020ᒤьইӊ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ਁኅ䎻࣯৺ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ঐ∄ਈॆ䎻࣯ྲമ2.1.1ᡰ⽪DŽമ2.1.12005—2020ᒤьইӊ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ਁኅ䎻࣯৺ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ঐ∄ਈॆ䎻࣯˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞASEANPowerUpdates2021ᮤ⨶˅˄Ҽ˅ьইӊ➔⭥ਁኅ⧠⣦1ǃьইӊ‫➔߿‬䘰➔䎻࣯᰾ᱮˈն➔⭥ӽᱟѫ㾱ਁ⭥ᶕⓀˈབྷ䟿ᯠ➔⭥亩ⴞ↓ᤱ㔝᧘䘋DŽᡚ㠣2021ᒤˈьইӊᮤփਆ⎸ᡆᨱ㖞Ⲵ⟳➔⭥ল㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䎵䗷140ਹ⬖ˈ⴨ᖃҾঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ই2020ᒤ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵᙫ઼DŽቭ㇑ьইӊᐢਆ⎸ᡆਛ‫ڌ‬བྷ䟿➔⭥亩ⴞˈն䈨ཊᯠ➔⭥亩ⴞӽ൘᧘䘋DŽ2021ᒤˈьইӊᴹ䎵䗷70ਹ⬖Ⲵ➔⭥亩ⴞ༴Ҿ㿴‫ࡂ‬ᡆᔪ䇮ѝDŽަѝˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼䎺ইӽᱟᵚᶕਁኅ➔⭥Ⲵѫ㾱ഭᇦˈєഭ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃᔪ䇮Ⲵ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѻ઼‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬ᙫփ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ76%઼86%DŽ↔ཆˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃḜคመ‫ޡ‬䇑ᴹ2.2ਹ⬖Ⲵᯠ➔⭥亩ⴞ൘2021ᒤ↓ᔿᣅӗ䘀㩕DŽьইӊ਴ഭн਼⣦ᘱ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㿱㺘42.1.1DŽ㺘2.1.1ьইӊ਴ഭн਼⣦ᘱ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿≷ᙫ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬ഭᇦ㿴‫ࡂ‬൘ᔪਆ⎸᮷㧡000ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ162851183936520傜ᶕ㾯ӊ00900㔵⭨0021225⌠ഭ655012551㘱᥍67260700Ḝคመ017654880䎺ই18160984048565㨢ᖻᇮ3365162115788ᙫ䇑4519125065141129˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃ1ᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅2ǃᒤ䖫⟳➔⭥লⲴ䘰ᖩ᭩䙐ӽᱟьইӊഭᇦ䶒ѤⲴ䟽㾱᥁ᡈDŽഭ䱵㜭Ⓚᵪᶴ˄IEA˅ᣕ੺[7]ᱮ⽪ˈьইӊൠ४ᤕᴹᴰᒤ䖫Ⲵ➔⭥ᵪ㓴DŽьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃᱮ⽪ˈьইӊ⧠ᴹ䘀㹼⟳➔⭥লⲴᒣ൷ሯભ㓖Ѫ10.6ᒤˈ䘉о⴨‫⹄ޣ‬ウ㔃᷌‫؍‬ᤱа㠤[8]DŽⴞ‫ࡽ‬䎺ইǃ㨢ᖻᇮǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᐢ‫ࠪڊ‬䙀↕␈⊠➔⭥Ⲵ᢯䈪ˈնᒤ䖫⟳➔⭥ল䘰ᖩӽᱟьইӊഭᇦ䶒ѤⲴ䟽㾱᥁ᡈDŽ൘ᤕᴹ䖳ཊ䘀㹼➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ⌠ഭǃ㨢ᖻᇮഋഭѝˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইˈ㨢ᖻᇮйഭ䘀㹼ᰦ䰤൘10ᒤ‫޵‬Ⲵ➔⭥ᵪ㓴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄൷䎵䗷50%ˈ൘䎺ইˈ䘉а∄ֻᐢ儈䗮88%DŽ↔‫ࡽ‬ⲴCOP26кˈ䎺ই᢯䈪ሶ‫→ڌ‬ᯠᔪ⟳➔⭥লˈᒦ൘ᵚᶕ10ᒤ‫޵‬ᆼ‫ޘ‬䘰ࠪ➔⭥DŽ❦㘼ⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬䎺ইӽᴹ‫ޡ‬䇑28ਹ⬖Ⲵ⟳➔⭥ল↓൘ᔪ䇮ᡆ㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝˈᒦ亴䇑ᴹ17ਹ⬖Ⲵ⟳➔⭥ল൘2025ᒤ‫ࡽ‬ᣅ‫⭘֯ޕ‬DŽ㾱ᇎ⧠ަ䘰➔᢯䈪ˈ䎺ইሶ䶒Ѥབྷ䟿➔⭥ӗ㜭Ⲵᨀ‫ࡽ‬䘰ᖩᡆ␵⌱ॆ᭩䙐䰞仈ˈᒦ䴰㾱᭩ழަ⭥࣋㌫㔏っᇊᙗDŽ㔬ਸᶕⴻˈᒤ䖫⟳➔⭥লঐ∄儈ˈԕ৺ᯠ➔⭥亩ⴞᤱ㔝㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ьইӊሶ䶒Ѥབྷ䟿➔⭥ӗ㜭Ⲵᨀ‫ࡽ‬䘰ᖩ᭩䙐ˈᒦդ䲿䖳儈Ⲵ䍴ӗᨱ⍵仾䲙DŽьইӊ਴ഭн਼䘀㹼ᰦ䰤Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লሩᓄⲴ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ྲമ2.1.2ᡰ⽪DŽ1ьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃѪ䈮仈㓴สҾGlobalCoalPlantTrackerǃGlobalGasPlantTrackerǃGlobalSolarPowerTrackerǃGlobalWindPowerTrackerǃGlobalPowerPlantDatabase઼Პ∿⭥লᮠᦞᓃˈ㔃ਸ਴ഭᇈᯩ㖁ㄉˈᶴᔪᗇ‫ࡠ‬Ⲵ㾶ⴆьইӊॱഭⲴ⭥লᮠᦞᓃDŽ5മ2.1.2ьইӊ਴ഭн਼䘀㹼ᰦ䰤Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লሩᓄⲴ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅3ǃьইӊ➔⭥ᢰᵟ␵⌱ॆ䎻࣯᜸࣐᰾ᱮˈ⧠ᖩ➔⭥ᵪ㓴ӽᴹ䖳བྷⲴᢰᵟᨀॷо᭩䙐オ䰤DŽⴞ‫ࡽ‬ьইӊ䘀㹼Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লѝˈӊѤ⭼➔⭥ᵪ㓴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䎵䗷70%ˈӵᴹ14%઼8%Ⲵ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䟷⭘䎵Ѥ⭼઼䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟDŽ傜ᶕ㾯ӊᴬ㔂⭥লᤕᴹьইӊ俆њ䟷⭘䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟⲴབྷර➔⭥ᵪ㓴ˈ↔ਾˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ⌠ഭǃḜคመⲴ➔⭥ᵪ㓴䱶㔝ᔰ࿻֯⭘䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟDŽ↔ཆˈьইӊ൘ᔪ৺㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লѝˈӊѤ⭼➔⭥ᵪ㓴᰾ᱮ‫߿‬ቁˈ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄൷վҾ15%ˈо↔਼ᰦˈ䎵Ѥ⭼ǃ䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄൷䏳ॷ㠣40%ԕкDŽቭ㇑䜘‫⭥➔⟳࠶‬লᢰᵟቊᵚ᰾Რˈն⧠ᴹ㔃᷌ӽ㺘᰾ˈьইӊ➔⭥ᢰᵟ␵⌱ॆ䎻࣯᜸࣐᰾ᱮˈᔪ䇮儈᭸ᯠරⲴ⟳➔⭥লᱟ᧘ࣘ䈕ൠ४վ⻣䖜රⲴ䟽㾱а↕DŽьইӊн਼⣦ᘱⲴ⟳➔⭥লѝ਴㊫ਁ⭥ᢰᵟሩᓄⲴ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ྲമ2.1.3ᡰ⽪DŽ6മ2.1.3ьইӊн਼⣦ᘱⲴ⟳➔⭥লѝ਴㊫ਁ⭥ᢰᵟሩᓄⲴ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅4ǃ䎵䗷100ਹ⬖Ⲵ≄⭥亩ⴞ↓൘㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝˈཙ❦≄൘ьইӊ㜭Ⓚ䖜ර䗷⑑ѝⲴᵪ䙷о仾䲙䰞仈٬ᗇ‫⌘ޣ‬DŽ‫ࡋ⨳ޘ‬ъ㿲ሏ˄GlobalEntrepreneurshipMonitor˅ᣕ੺[9]ᤷࠪˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵ≄⭥㻵ᵪ䇑‫ࡂ‬༴Ҿ‫⨳ޘ‬亶‫ݸ‬ൠսDŽьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃᱮ⽪ˈ2021ᒤˈьইӊ൘ᔪǃ㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝⲴ≄⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿‫࡛࠶‬䎵䗷17ਹ⬖઼100ਹ⬖DŽⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬ьইӊ㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝⲴ≄⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ㓿ᱟ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵє‫ˈؽ‬ф㿴‫ࡂ‬о൘ᔪⲴཙ❦≄⭥ল໎࣐Ⲵ≄⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ᧕䘁ਆ⎸ᡆᨱ㖞Ⲵ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿DŽаᯩ䶒ˈ2020ᒤˈཙ❦≄ਁ⭥䟿ঐьইӊᙫਁ⭥䟿Ⲵ䘁й‫࠶‬ѻаˈ൘➔⭥䘰ࠪⲴ䎻࣯㛼Ჟлˈཙ❦≄ᱟ‫؍‬ᤱьইӊ㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏ᆹ‫ޘ‬ᙗ઼っᇊᙗǃ᧘ࣘਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㿴⁑ॆਁኅⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞㜭ⓀDŽਖаᯩ䶒ˈ䈕ൠ४ཙ❦≄ӗ䟿ᰐ⌅┑䏣нᯝ໎䮯Ⲵ䴰≲DŽቭ㇑ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ьইӊӽᱟ⏢ॆཙ❦≄Ⲵ߰ࠪਓഭˈն䲿⵰⏢ॆཙ❦≄Ⲵᐲ൪䴰≲໎བྷˈᵚᶕьইӊഭᇦሶ䙀⑀䎻ੁ⏢ॆཙ❦≄߰䘋ਓ⣦ᘱˈ࣐ѻ‫⨳ޘ‬ཙ❦≄ᐲ൪⌒઼ࣘԧṬк⏘ˈьইӊ᧘䘋ᔰਁᯠ≄⭥亩ⴞ਼ṧ䶒Ѥཊ䟽᥁ᡈDŽьইӊ਴ഭн਼⣦ᘱⲴ≄⭥о➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿≷ᙫ㿱㺘2.1.2DŽ7㺘2.1.2ьইӊ਴ഭн਼⣦ᘱⲴ≄⭥о➔⭥㻵ᵪ䟿≷ᙫ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬ഭᇦ≄⭥ਆ⎸ᡆഭᇦ㿴‫ࡂ‬➔⭥ਆ⎸ᡆᨱ㿴‫ࡂ‬൘ᔪᨱ㖞൘ᔪ㖞᮷㧡000᮷㧡000Ḝคመ48000350Ḝคመ017654880ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ66503635150034422200ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ162851183936520傜ᶕ㾯ӊ9980388㔵⭨118066501950ᯠ࣐එ000㨢ᖻᇮ400ᯠ࣐එ105600275㘱᥍67260700⌠ഭ552158240䎺ই10504620傜ᶕ㾯ӊ00900㘱᥍0ᙫ䇑10091100㔵⭨0021225174050㨢ᖻᇮ336516211578845710⌠ഭ6550125510䎺ই1816098404856555105ᙫ䇑4519125065140304˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅˄й˅ьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅ⧠⣦1ǃьইӊഭᇦⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋໎䮯൘䗷৫Ҽॱᒤѫ㾱⭡≤⭥Ⲵ໎䮯᧘ࣘˈ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋൘䘁ᒤҏ൘ᘛ䙏໎䮯DŽ2005ᒤ‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤˈьইӊⲴ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ17ਹ⬖кॷ‫ࡠ‬59ਹ⬖DŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤˈ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄аⴤ䎵䗷аॺDŽ⑴‫⋣ޜ‬⍱ฏഭᇦ˄ྲḜคመǃ㔵⭨઼䎺ই˅ᱟ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵѫ㾱໎䮯ഭˈф䈕ൠ४བྷර≤⭥亩ⴞ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ2006ᒤⲴ6ਹ⬖໎࣐㠣2016ᒤⲴ26ਹ⬖DŽ൘㘱᥍ǃ㔵⭨ǃḜคመˈ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ83%ǃ47%઼46%DŽ䘁ᒤᶕˈьইӊ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ༴Ҿᘛ䙏໎䮯Ⲵᘱ࣯ˈ2020ᒤ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄ᐢ䎵䗷34%DŽ䘁ॱᒤˈьইӊ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿кॷҶ᧕䘁10‫ަˈؽ‬ѝ70%⭡‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥໎䮯ሬ㠤ˈ䘉Ӌ໎䮯ѫ㾱⭡䎺ইǃ⌠ഭ઼㨢ᖻᇮ䍑⥞DŽ2000—2019ᒤьইӊൠ४Ⲵਁ⭥㔃ᶴྲമ2.1.4ᡰ⽪DŽ2005—2025ᒤьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ㻵ᵪ㔃ᶴྲമ2.1.5ᡰ⽪DŽ8800000700000600000500000400000300000200000100000020002005201020152019CoalOilBiomassWasteHydroGeothermalSolarWindമ2.1.42000—2019ᒤьইӊൠ४Ⲵਁ⭥㔃ᶴ˄ਹ⬖ᰦ˅മ2.1.52005—2025ᒤьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ㻵ᵪ㔃ᶴ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬⌘˖2025ᒤᮠᦞѪṩᦞᖃ‫ࡽ‬ᐢᴹ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ՠ㇇DŽ2ǃьইӊൠ४‫ݹ‬Կо仾⭥ਁኅ䗵䙏նн൷㺑ˈབྷ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ‫ݹ‬Կо仾⭥ӽᴹ䖳བྷਁኅオ䰤DŽ2010ᒤ‫ˈࡽ‬ьইӊൠ४Ⲵ仾⭥઼‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䜭н䏣100‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬2015ᒤˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵ仾⭥઼‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ㓿ᘛ䙏кॷ㠣708‫઼⬖ݶ‬1894‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬ᒦф൘2020ᒤ䏳ॷ‫ࡠ‬92665‫઼⬖ݶ‬22942‫⬖ݶ‬DŽ仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ໎࣐٬ѫ㾱ᶕⓀҾ㨢ᖻᇮǃ䎺ইо⌠ഭˈ‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤˈ䘉йഭⲴ仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ䗮‫ࡠ‬ьইӊൠ४仾⭥ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ95%DŽо仾⭥൘ьইӊ਴ഭⲴਁኅн൷㺑н਼ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ൘ᮤњьইӊൠ४䜭൘ᘛ䙏ਁኅˈቔަᱟ䎺ইо⌠ഭDŽ2010—2015ᒤˈьইӊ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ໎䮯ѫ㾱ᶕ㠚⌠ഭˈ䘁5ᒤᶕⲴ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿໎䮯‫⭡ࡉ‬䎺ই亶㺄ˈ䘉ѫ㾱ᗇ⳺Ҿ䎺ইᇎᯭⲴᚠᖃ᭯ㆆˈवᤜ䍒᭯оᢰᵟєᯩ䶒DŽ2020ᒤˈ䎺ইⲴ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿઼⌠ഭⲴ仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ16656‫઼⬖ݶ‬1486‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬൘ьইӊൠ४‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿о仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬72.6%о55.7%DŽREdataExplorerᮠᦞᓃ[10]ѝˈᒣ߶ॆᓖ⭥ᡀᵜվҾ150㖾‫⬖ݶ/ݳ‬ᰦˈ↔ᰦ‫ݹ‬Կо仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ▌൘ᇩ䟿ᮠᦞᱮ⽪ˈьইӊൠ४‫ݹ‬Կ▌൘㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᴰབྷⲴഭᇦᱟ⌠ഭˈ亴䇑Ѫ10538ਹ⬖ˈঐьইӊ‫ݹ‬Կ▌൘ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ34.5%ˈᱟ⧠ᴹ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄˄12.4%˅Ⲵй‫ؽ‬DŽ㔵⭨ᤕᴹьইӊൠ४ᴰѠᇼⲴ仾㜭䍴Ⓚ઼䖳ѠᇼⲴཚ䱣㜭䍴Ⓚˈնᖃ‫ࡽ‬仾⭥о‫ݹ‬Կᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿н䏣200‫⬖ݶ‬[11]DŽ䲿⵰ᯠ㜭ⓀᢰᵟⲴнᯝ䘋↕઼ᡀᵜⲴл䱽ˈԕ৺᭯ㆆ⧟ຳⲴᤱ㔝᭩ழˈབྷ䜘‫࠶‬ьইӊഭᇦⲴ‫ݹ‬Կǃ仾⭥ਁኅ䘈ᴹᐘབྷオ䰤DŽ3ǃьইӊൠ४ൠ✝ਁ⭥ǃ⭏⢙䍘ਁ⭥Ⲵਁኅ䎻࣯っᇊDŽൠ✝ਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ2005ᒤⲴ2829‫⬖ݶ‬໎࣐㠣2020ᒤⲴ4059‫⬖ݶ‬DŽ᤹൘ᔪ亩ⴞ㔏䇑ˈ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈьইӊൠ४ൠ✝ਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ሶ㘫а⮚ˈ໎㠣8113‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬ѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘ൠ✝㜭䍴ⓀѠᇼⲴঠᓖቬ㾯ӊо㨢ᖻᇮˈᆳԜ‫࡛࠶‬ᱟӵ⅑Ҿ㖾ഭⲴц⭼ㅜҼབྷǃㅜйབྷൠ✝⭥࣋⭏ӗഭDŽєഭ2021ᒤൠ✝ਁ⭥ᙫ䟿ঐ‫⨳ޘ‬ൠ✝ਁ⭥䟿Ⲵ㓖25%ˈ亴䇑ᵚᶕሶ㔗㔝っᇊ໎䮯DŽ⭏⢙䍘ਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ2006ᒤⲴ㓖1.6ਹ⬖໎䮯㠣2016ᒤⲴ7.2ਹ⬖ˈ໎䮯䟿ѫ㾱ᶕ㠚ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊо⌠ഭDŽьইӊൠ४ѫ㾱Ⲵ⭏⢙䍘৏ᯉवᤜ⭈㭇⑓ǃに༣ǃἅᾸ⋩লᓏᯉǃᵘኁǃ唁䞂઼ṁⳞ[12]DŽ˄ഋ˅ьইӊ⭥㖁⧠⣦1ǃьইӊ਴ഭ⭥㖁ᔪ䇮≤ᒣ৲ᐞн喀ˈᲞ䙽䶒Ѥਟ䶐ᙗн䏣ǃᯠ໎ᇩ䟿ᮤਸഠ䳮ㅹ䰞仈DŽьইӊഭᇦԕᯠ‫ޤ‬㓿⍾փѪѫˈབྷཊᮠഭᇦ䙊⭥⦷䎵䗷90%ˈቁᮠഭᇦ˄ྲ㔵⭨ǃḜคመǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ˅䙊⭥⦷䖳վDŽ䎺ইǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㨢ᖻᇮ઼⌠ഭㅹ䖳བྷਁኅѝഭᇦⲴ⭥㖁㾶ⴆ⦷䖳儈ˈഭ‫⭥޵‬㖁ᔪ䇮䖳Ѫᆼ༷ˈѫ㾱䶒Ѥਟ䶐ᙗн䏣ǃᯠ໎ᇩ䟿ᮤਸഠ䳮ㅹ䰞仈[13]DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊዋኯՇཊˈ⭡Ҿ⢩↺ൠ⨶⧟ຳ䲀‫ࡦ‬৺⭥㖁ᔪ䇮㜭࣋н䏣ㅹ৏ഐˈ‫ޘ‬ഭቊᵚᔪᡀ㔏аⲴ⭥㖁㌫㔏DŽ㔵⭨ǃḜคመㅹഭᇦ᭯⋫ǃ㓿⍾ส⹰䖳㮴ᕡˈഭ‫⭥޵‬㖁ᔪ䇮䗃䝽10⭥㤳തሿǃਟ䶐ᙗᐞˈӽᴹ䖳ཊൠ४ᆈ൘⭥࣋䗃䘱ഠ䳮Ⲵ䰞仈ˈഭ‫⭥޵‬㖁ᔪ䇮ቊ༴Ҿ䎧↕䱦⇥DŽ↔ཆˈ൘Ḝคመǃᯠ࣐එǃ⌠ഭㅹ⭥࣋䘋ਓབྷഭо㘱᥍ㅹ⭥࣋ࠪਓഭˈ⭥㖁ᔪ䇮Ⲵਖаѫ㾱ᯩੁᱟ४ฏ‫⭥޵‬㖁Ⲵӂ㚄ӂ䙊ᔪ䇮DŽ[14]2ǃьইӊ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䙊䗷ᔪ・䐘ຳ⭥㖁ᇎ⧠Ҷ⭥࣋ਸ֌ˈഭᇦ䰤⭥࣋䍨᱃ԕৼ䗩Ѫѫˈཊ䗩⭥࣋䍨᱃༴Ҿਁኅ‫ࡍ‬ᵏDŽ䗴ӺѪ→ˈьⴏⲴབྷཊᮠ䐘ຳ⭥࣋䍨᱃䜭ਁ⭏൘⑴‫⋣ޜ‬४ฏഭᇦѻ䰤DŽ傜ᶕ㾯ӊоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊоᯠ࣐එҏ䜭ᴹ䐘ຳ⭥㖁ᆈ൘DŽьইӊ४ฏⲴ䐘ຳ䗃⭥㜭࣋ⴞ‫ࡽ‬䗮‫ࡠ‬2275‫ަˈ⬖ݶ‬ѝˈ⌠ഭоઘ䗩ഭᇦⲴ䐘ຳ⭥㖁䘎᧕䗮‫ࡠ‬1120‫ݶ‬⬖ˈঐ‫ࡠ‬ьইӊᙫ䗃⭥㜭࣋Ⲵ50%DŽਖཆˈ傜ᶕ㾯ӊоᯠ࣐එǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊь㾯䜘Ⲵ䐘ຳ⭥࣋Ր䗃㜭࣋‫ޡ‬䇑755‫⬖ݶ‬[15]DŽьইӊഭᇦⲴ⭥࣋䍨᱃ԕৼ䗩Ѫѫˈཊ䗩⭥࣋䍨᱃༴Ҿਁኅ‫ࡍ‬ᵏDŽ䲿⵰४ฏаփॆ〻ᓖⲴ໎࣐ˈ⭥࣋䍨᱃ሶӾৼ䗩⁑ᔿ䖜ੁཊ䗩⁑ᔿˈᒦᴰ㓸ੁ㔏а⁑ᔿਁኅDŽ㠚2018ᒤᶕˈ㘱᥍—⌠ഭ—傜ᶕ㾯ӊ—ᯠ࣐එ⭥࣋аփॆ亩ⴞ᧘ࣘҶьইӊ४ฏ‫޵‬ሿ㿴⁑Ⲵཊ䗩⭥࣋䍨᱃ˈᡚ㠣2019ᒤˈ䈕亩ⴞᐢᇎ⧠Ӿ㘱᥍䙊䗷⌠ഭੁ傜ᶕ㾯ӊ䗃䘱⭥࣋250ਹ⬖ᰦDŽ2021ᒤьইӊഭᇦ䰤䐘ຳ⭥࣋㓯䐟ᇩ䟿㿱㺘2.1.3DŽ㺘2.1.32021ᒤьইӊഭᇦ䰤䐘ຳ⭥࣋㓯䐟ᇩ䟿䐘ຳ⭥࣋㓯䐟ᴰབྷᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬㘱᥍—䎺ই200525傜ᶕ㾯ӊ—ᯠ࣐එ230⸲᣹䎺—࣐䟼ᴬѩ˄傜ᶕ㾯ӊ˅120700⌠ഭ—Ḝคመ300⌠ഭ—㘱᥍2002275⌠ഭ—傜ᶕ㾯ӊ䎺ই—Ḝคመᙫ䇑˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞThe6thASEANEnergyOutlookᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅3ǃԕьⴏ⭥㖁亩ⴞѪѫⲴཊњ४ฏ‫઼޵‬४ฏ䰤⭥㖁ӂ㚄亩ⴞ↓൘䘋㹼ѝˈԕᵏ໎䘋ьইӊ⭥࣋Ⲵӂ㚄ӂ䙊DŽьইӊൠ४ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ѫ㾱Ⲵ⭥࣋ӂ㚄ӂ䙊亩ⴞᴹ४ฏ‫޵‬Ⲵьⴏ⭥㖁ǃ४ฏ䰤Ⲵབྷ⑴‫⅑⋣ޜ‬४ฏਸ֌઼⧟ᆏ࣐᣹⒮ཊ亶ฏ㓿⍾ᢰᵟਸ֌ّ䇞ㅹDŽьⴏ⭥㖁ᰘ൘䙊䗷᧘䘋ьⴏᡀઈഭѻ䰤ᡈ⮕ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ˈ‫׳‬䘋⭥࣋䍨᱃ᒦ࣐ᕪ⭥࣋㌫㔏Ⲵаփॆˈवᤜ᭩䘋ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮઼⭥࣋䍨᱃ᵪ‫ࡦ‬єᯩ䶒DŽᡚ㠣2019ᒤˈьⴏ⭥㖁亩ⴞ16њ䟽⛩⭥࣋ӂ㚄亩11ⴞѝˈᴹ7њ亩ⴞᐢ㓿ᆼᡀDŽ൘४ฏ䰤⭥࣋ਸ֌亩ⴞᯩ䶒ˈབྷ⑴‫⅑⋣ޜ‬४ฏਸ֌ᰘ൘໎ᕪ⑴‫⋣ޜ‬४ฏ5ഭоѝഭ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ˈⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᐢᴹḜคመ—ᆏ࣐᣹ഭ—ѝഭᇩ䟿㓖4ਹ⬖Ⲵཊ䗩亩ⴞ൘䘋㹼ѝˈᵚᶕ䈕亩ⴞሶ㔗㔝᭩ழส⹰䇮ᯭˈ‫׳‬䘋䍨᱃઼ᣅ䍴DŽ㔵⭨о⌠ഭ৲оⲴ⧟ᆏ࣐᣹⒮ཊ亶ฏ㓿⍾ᢰᵟਸ֌ّ䇞亩ⴞҏᐢㆮ㖢‫ޣ‬Ҿ⴨‫࣋⭥ᯩޣ‬䍨᱃৺⭥㖁ӂ㚄Ⲵ༷ᘈᖅDŽሶᶕˈьⴏо◣བྷ࡙ӊѻ䰤Ⲵ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ⭥㖁‫ޡ‬ӛ亩ⴞҏՊ໎䘋ьইӊо◣བྷ࡙ӊⲴ⭥㖁ӂ㚄[16]DŽ4ǃᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ䘧֐⭥㖁൘ьইӊ४ฏ䘲⭘ᙗ儈ˈᵚᶕᴹ䖳བྷਁኅオ䰤DŽьইӊൠ४Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲ᱟ‫⨳ޘ‬ᒣ൷≤ᒣⲴє‫ˈؽ‬нᯝ໎䮯Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲֯оѻ३䝽Ⲵ⧠ԓॆ⭥࣋ส⹰䇮ᯭਈᗇቔѪ䟽㾱DŽ䇨ཊьইӊⲴᯠ‫ޤ‬ᐲ൪ഭᇦ䜭䶒Ѥ⵰ѕጫⲴ䗃䝽⭥䰞仈ˈवᤜ䰤ⅷᙗ‫ڌ‬⭥ǃ⭥࣋ᦏཡ઼ⴇコㅹDŽ൘䘉Ӌൠ४ᕅ‫ޕ‬Ც㜭⭥㖁ˈнӵ㜭ᨀ儈⭥㖁Ⲵ⚥⍫ᓖˈ䘈㜭┑䏣䘉Ӌൠ४нᯝ໎䮯Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲DŽ㔵⭨ǃḜคመㅹഭᇦส⹰㮴ᕡǃ⭥࣋㾶ⴆ⦷վˈਟਈਟ‫޽‬⭏㜭Ⓚ䳮ԕᒦ‫⭥ޕ‬㖁DŽ䘧֐⭥㖁ᢰᵟਟԕᑞࣙ䘉Ӌഭᇦ䀓‫ٿߣ‬䘌ൠ४䙊⭥䰞仈ˈᒦᨀ儈仾⭥䍴ⓀⲴ࡙⭘⦷DŽᦞьे䳶ഒ˄NortheastGroup˅Ⲵ⹄ウˈ2018ᒤ㠣2027ᒤ䰤ˈьইӊഭᇦሶ൘Ც㜭⭥㖁ᔪ䇮ᯩ䶒ᣅ‫ޕ‬䎵䗷98ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬DŽ਼ᰦˈ㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢ㅹՇཊഭ䱵ᵪᶴҏᐢ൘ьইӊᔰኅᲪ㜭⭥㖁ਸ֌亩ⴞ[17]DŽӂȽђ঍Ӑ᧞䘑⭫࣑ք⻩䖢ශⲺ⴮ީ᭵ㆌⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬ᖸཊьইӊഭᇦӾ亦ቲ䇮䇑ǃᐲ൪᭟ᤱǃ⧟ຳⴁ㇑йᯩ䶒᭯ㆆ‫ޕ‬᡻ˈ᰾⺞ਁኅ䐟ᖴ઼᧚ᯭˈ᧘ࣘ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රDŽ˄а˅ਁኅⴞḷоᡈ⮕㿴‫ࡂ‬ljьⴏ㜭Ⓚਸ֌㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬2016—2025NJᱟьইӊഭᇦᓄሩ≄‫ى‬ਈॆⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞ᤷሬᙗ᭯ㆆ᮷Ԧˈᰘ൘‫׳‬䘋ཊ䗩㜭Ⓚਸ֌઼аփॆˈԕᇎ⧠ᔪ䇮ьⴏ㓿⍾‫਼ޡ‬փⲴⴞḷDŽަѝˈㅜа䱦⇥˄2016—2020ᒤ˅ᱟѝ⸝ᵏᡈ⮕ˈѫ仈ᱟ࣐ᕪьⴏ㜭Ⓚӂ㚄ӂ䙊઼ᐲ൪аփॆˈᇎ⧠㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏Ⲵᆹ‫ޘ‬ǃਟ㧧ਆǃਟ䍏ᣵ઼ਟᤱ㔝DŽㅜҼ䱦⇥˄2021—2025ᒤ˅൘ㅜа䱦⇥Ⲵส⹰к‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶᴤ࣐䳴ᗳࣳࣳⲴⴞḷоّ䇞ˈԕ࣐ᕪ㜭Ⓚ䖜රᒦ䘲ᓄᵚᶕਟᤱ㔝㜭Ⓚਁኅˈ਼ᰦ⢩࡛‫⌘ޣ‬䙊䗷‫ࡋ‬ᯠоਸ֌࣐䙏㜭Ⓚ䖜ර઼໎ᕪ㜭Ⓚ丗ᙗDŽьইӊ਴ഭҏṩᦞ㠚䓛ഭᛵˈ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶ⴨ᓄⲴվ⻣䖜රਁኅⴞḷоᡈ⮕㿴‫ࡂ‬DŽֻྲˈ䎺ইሶ䙊䗷・⌅᭟ᤱަ‫ࡠ‬2050ᒤᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮ⴞḷˈ֌Ѫӊཚ㓿ਸ㓴㓷䖞٬ѫᑝഭⲴ⌠ഭ12઼֌ѪҼॱഭ䳶ഒь䚃ഭⲴঠᓖቬ㾯ӊҏ㓧㓧ᨀࠪሶ൘2060ᒤ৺2070ᒤᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮ⲴⴞḷDŽ਼ᰦˈьⴏԕ৺ьইӊ਴ഭ൷‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⴞḷDŽֻྲˈьⴏᨀࠪ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘а⅑㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝⲴঐ∄䗮23%ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄Ѫ35%ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㨢ᖻᇮㅹഭ਼ṧ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ⴞḷDŽ↔ཆˈ਴ഭⲴ㜭Ⓚ᭯ㆆ઼ާփ᧚ᯭ䱶㔝ࠪਠˈѪվ⻣䖜රᨀ‫᭯׋‬ㆆ‫؍‬䳌DŽ䘁ᵏˈ㨢ᖻᇮǃ䎺ইㅹഭ↓൘ᴤᯠ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵਁኅ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬䲀‫ࡦ‬ᯠᔪ➔⭥亩ⴞˈਁኅ㔯㢢␵⌱㜭ⓀDŽ˄Ҽ˅ӗъ᭟ᤱ઼ᐲ൪◰࣡᧚ᯭ䘁ᒤᶕˈьইӊ਴ഭ൘㜭Ⓚ䖜ර᭟ᤱ઼◰࣡᧚ᯭᯩ䶒ҏ‫ࠪڊ‬Ҷ䖳ཊࣚ࣋ˈवᤜࠪਠк㖁⭥ԧ᭯ㆆǃ㠚⎸䍩ᯩṸǃㄎҹᙗᤋḷǃ〾᭦ՈᜐǃՈᜐ䍧Ⅾǃ䍴ᵜ㺕䍤઼ਟӔ᱃Ⲵਟ‫޽‬⭏㜭Ⓚ䇱ҖㅹDŽֻྲˈ傜ᶕ㾯ӊᔰ࿻᭩ਈՐ㔏ᤋḷⲴᯩᔿˈኅᔰབྷ㿴⁑‫ݹ‬Կㄎҹᙗᤋḷ亩ⴞˈ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䜘㖢DŽ↔ཆˈᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵᵏ䰤ˈьইӊ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䙊䗷ཊ⿽䍒᭯‫◰ࡪ‬᧚ᯭ‫߿‬㕃⯛ᛵሩ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъⲴ‫ྲˈࠫߢ‬㺕䍤઼ԧṬᣈᢓǃ⍱ࣘᙗ᭟ᤱǃ䉱‫઼᭮ݽ‬ᇭԕ৺ᯠ㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞ䇑‫ࡂ‬[18]DŽ൘⧠ᴹ᭟ᤱ◰࣡᧚ᯭѝˈк㖁⭥ԧᐢ䙀↕ᡀѪ᧘ࣘਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴṨᗳ᭯ㆆDŽ⭡Ҿਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ᢰᵟ䘋↕઼ᡀᵜл䱽ˈьইӊ਴ഭк㖁⭥ԧҏ䘋㹼Ҷཊ⅑䈳ᮤˈާփᵪ‫ࡦ‬ӽ൘нᯝਈॆDŽⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㨢ᖻᇮǃ⌠ഭ઼䎺ইㅹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᱮ㪇໎䮯Ⲵഭᇦᐢ㓿Პ䙽‫ࡦ‬ᇊᒦᔰ࿻ᇎᯭк㖁⭥ԧ᭯ㆆˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊԕൠ४઼ഭᇦਁ⭥ᡀᵜⲴᴰ儈䲀ԧѪḷ߶ˈ㘼ަԆ‫ࠐ‬њഭᇦ‫ࡉ‬ԕᒣ൷ॆ⭥࣋ᡀᵜ࣐кн਼ᢰᵟᣅ䍴എᣕⲴ仍ཆ㺕䍤Ѫḷ߶DŽަѝˈ傜ᶕ㾯ӊ઼⌠ഭⲴ㔬ਸ⭥ԧ൷㘳㲁Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀᢰᵟⲴн਼㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䝽仍ˈᒦሩާփ४ฏᨀ‫׋‬仍ཆ◰࣡ˈᴹ᭸᣹ࣘҶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴DŽ↔ཆˈ傜ᶕ㾯ӊ䘈ᔪ・Ҷᆼழ䘿᰾Ⲵк㖁⭥ԧ⭣䈧ᒣਠˈՈॆ⭣䈧〻ᒿо䍝⭥ॿ䇞ㆮ㖢⍱〻DŽ⌠ഭⲴ⭥ԧ∄ަԆьইӊഭᇦ儈ˈⴤ᧕‫׳‬䘋Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ໎࣐DŽ˄й˅⧟ຳ‫؍‬ᣔоⴁ㇑᭯ㆆьইӊཊњഭᇦᐢ㓿ࠪਠ⧟ຳ‫؍‬ᣔоਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㔯㢢ਁኅ⴨‫᭯ޣ‬ㆆо⌅ᖻ[19]DŽֻྲˈᯠ࣐එࠪਠҶlj2020≄‫ى‬㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJ઼lj2030ᒤᯠ࣐එ㔯㢢ਁኅ㬍മNJㅹ᭯ㆆ᮷Ԧˈԕ৺lj⧟ຳ‫؍‬ᣔ઼㇑⨶⌅NJ䘉а㔬ਸᙗ⌅㿴˗䎺ই‫ࡦ‬ᇊ亱ᐳҶlj2020ᒤഭᇦ⧟ຳ‫؍‬ᣔᡈ⮕о2030ᒤᝯᲟNJ઼lj2030ᒤਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ䇞〻ഭᇦ㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJㅹ᮷Ԧˈ਼ᰦˈ䎺ইഭՊᴰ䘁ᐢ䙊䗷lj⧟ຳ‫؍‬ᣔ⌅NJ˄‫↓؞‬Ṹ˅ˈ䈕⌅㿴ᐢҾ2022ᒤ1ᴸ1ᰕ↓ᔿ⭏᭸DŽ13൘オ≄䍘䟿ḷ߶ᯩ䶒ˈ䲔㔵⭨ཆˈަԆьইӊഭᇦ൷ᐢ亱ᐳҶオ≄⧟ຳ䍘䟿ḷ߶ˈᒦфᇊᵏᇑḕ઼ᴤᯠDŽަѝˈᯠ࣐එ൘⴨‫ޣ‬ḷ߶ѝሩ6亩᧗‫ࡦ‬ⴞḷ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶ䖳ѪѕṬⲴḷ߶ˈҏᱟьইӊ俆њ⇿ཙ‫ޜ‬ᐳ㓶仇㋂⢙⎃ᓖⲴഭᇦDŽቭ㇑ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ьইӊഭᇦⲴオ≄⧟ຳ䍘䟿ḷ߶ᮤփоਁ䗮ഭᇦ䰤ᆈ൘ᐞ䐍ˈն䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ䙊䗷ḷ߶ᴤᯠˈ൘Ҽ≗ॆ⺛ǃҼ≗ॆ≞ㅹՐ㔏⊑ḃ⢙⎃ᓖᯩ䶒㕙ሿҶо㖾ഭǃ⅗ⴏⲴᐞ䐍DŽ⌠ഭ઼㘱᥍䘈䇮・Ҷу䰘䪸ሩਁ⭥লⲴ⊑ḃ⢙ᧂ᭮ḷ߶DŽ↔ཆˈьইӊ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦҏ൘⴨‫⌅ޣ‬㿴ѝ࣐‫⧟ޕ‬ຳ‫؍‬ᣔⲴ⴨‫޵ޣ‬ᇩ[20]DŽֻྲˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䖳Ѫ‫ޣ‬ᗳ㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴Ⲵᧂ⊑䰞仈ˈ൘lj⧟ຳ㇑⨶⌅NJѝ᰾⺞Ҷ⊑ḃ㘵ᴹѹ࣑༴⨶ഐަ⍫ࣘᡆ㹼Ѫӗ⭏Ⲵᓏ⢙DŽьইӊൠ४ҏ൘४ฏ⧟ຳ᭯ㆆ⌅㿴亶ฏᔰኅਸ֌DŽֻྲˈ൘ьⴏ➔⛝䇪උ⨶һՊငᢈлˈьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳ䙊䗷ьⴏ≄‫ى‬ਈॆо㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞˈሩ䈕४ฏ⟳➔⭥লⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ᔰኅส㓯⹄ウˈᰘ൘ѪьⴏⲴ⟳➔⭥ল‫ࡦ‬ᇊᧂ᭮ḷ߶[21]DŽ਼ᰦˈьⴏ⇿ᒤՊਜᔰьⴏ⧟ຳ儈㓗ᇈઈՊ䇞ˈ≄‫ى‬ਈॆǃ⧟ຳਟᤱ㔝ǃ⭏⢙ཊṧᙗǃ⎧⌻⧟ຳㅹ7њᐕ֌㓴䍏䍓⴨‫ޣ‬亶ฏ⹄ウˈѪ᧘䘋ьⴏ⧟ຳਸ֌ᨀ‫׋‬ᡈ⮕ᤷሬDŽ↔ཆˈьⴏ䘈ᇊᵏоഭ䱵Չդቡ⧟ຳ䰞仈ᔰኅӔ⍱ˈ⴨‫ޣ‬Ӕ⍱ᵪ‫ࡦ‬वᤜьⴏ—ᰕᵜ⧟ຳਸ֌ሩ䈍ǃьⴏ—⅗ⴏ⧟ຳо≄‫ى‬ਈॆ儈㓗࡛ሩ䈍ǃьӊጠՊ⧟ຳ䜘䮯Պ䇞ԕ৺ާփѫ仈亶ฏлⲴՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫Պ䇞DŽпȽђ঍Ӑ⭫࣑䜞䰞ള䱻ਾ֒⧦⣬ᵜ㢲สҾ䈮仈㓴ᶴᔪⲴьইӊ⭥লᮠᦞᓃˈ䟽⛩‫⎧᷀࠶‬ཆԱъሩьইӊ⭥লⲴᣅ䍴ᛵ‫ߥ‬DŽѫ㾱‫᷀࠶‬є⿽ᣅ䍴㊫ර˖аᱟ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴ˈҼᱟᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴DŽ⭡Ҿ㕪ቁᣅ䍴䍴䠁Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞˈᡁԜ䟷⭘㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᶕ৽᱐⎧ཆԱъⲴᣅ䍴ᛵ‫ߥ‬DŽ˄а˅⎧ཆԱъᣅ䍴ьইӊ⭥লⲴᮤփᛵ‫᷀࠶ߥ‬1ǃ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ⭥࣋ਁኅѝⲴᣅ䍴৲о〻ᓖ䖳儈DŽ൘ьইӊ⧠ᴹ䘀㹼Ⲵ⭥࣋亩ⴞѝˈ⎧ཆ৲оᣅ䍴Ⲵ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䎵䗷60%DŽަѝˈᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴ᱟ⎧ཆᣅ䍴Ⲵ䟽㾱ᯩᔿˈᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬160ਹ⬖ˈ਼ᰦ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ҏᐢ᧕䘁50ਹ⬖DŽമ2.3.1ᱮ⽪Ҷє⿽㍟䇑ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵᰦ䰤䎻࣯DŽਟԕⴻ‫ˈࡠ‬䘁Ҽॱᒤ䰤ˈ⎧ཆᣅ䍴ᙫ䟿੸ᤱ㔝кॷ䎻࣯DŽ2009ᒤਾˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ⇿ᒤⲴᣅ䍴ӗ㜭ᤱ㔝‫؍‬ᤱ൘䖳儈≤ᒣˈ2021ᒤˈ㛑ᵳ઼ᐕ〻䇮༷㍟䇑ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ䗮2011ᒤⲴє‫ؽ‬ཊDŽ14മ2.3.12001—2021ᒤ⎧ཆഭᇦ৲оьইӊ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ⲵᰦ䰤䎻࣯˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬ѝഭ઼ᰕᵜᱟ৲оьইӊ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴ᴰཊⲴєњഭᇦˈ㛑ᵳ઼ᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൷䘌儈ҾަԆഭᇦDŽ丙ഭǃ⌅ഭǃ㖾ഭ‫ࡉ‬༴Ҿᣅ䍴ㅜҼở䱏DŽަԆഭᇦྲᗧഭǃ◣བྷ࡙ӊǃ㤡ഭㅹሩьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵѫ㾱ᣅ䍴ᖒᔿᱟᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴DŽ2001—2021ᒤ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ㍟䇑Ⲵᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ྲമ2.3.2ᡰ⽪DŽ2001—2021ᒤѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ丙ഭǃ㖾ഭ൘ьইӊ㍟䇑Ⲵ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴оᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㔃ᶴྲമ2.3.3ᡰ⽪DŽ2001—2021ᒤѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ丙ഭǃ㖾ഭ൘ьইӊ਴ഭ㍟䇑Ⲵ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴оᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ྲമ2.3.4ᡰ⽪DŽ6000050000400003000020000100000侠㙂㆔屃媽⠆ⳤ䤊㆔屃മ2.3.22001—2021ᒤ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ2001—2021ᒤ㍟䇑Ⲵᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬15മ2.3.32001—2021ᒤѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ丙ഭǃ㖾ഭ൘ьইӊ㍟䇑Ⲵᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㔃ᶴ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬മ2.3.42001—2021ᒤѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ丙ഭǃ㖾ഭ൘ьইӊ਴ഭ㍟䇑Ⲵᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬2ǃ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊഭᇦⲴ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㔃ᶴоьইӊ਴ഭ㠚䓛⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴ੸⧠ࠪ儈ᓖⲴ䎻਼ᙗDŽᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᯩ䶒ˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ⌠ഭᣅ䍴ᴰཊDŽമ2.3.5ᱮ⽪Ҷ⎧ཆഭᇦ৲оьইӊ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ⲵ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩DŽާփ㘼䀰ˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ਴ഭⲴᣅ䍴㔃ᶴо਴ഭ㠚䓛Ⲵ⭥࣋㔃ᶴާᴹа㠤ᙗˈᣅ䍴䴰≲ሬੁⲴ䎻࣯ᱮ㪇DŽֻྲˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ঠ16ᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊⲴᣅ䍴ԕ➔⭥Ѫѫˈ൘⌠ഭǃᯠ࣐එⲴᣅ䍴ԕ≄⭥Ѫѫˈ൘㘱᥍ǃ㔵⭨Ⲵᣅ䍴‫ࡉ‬ԕ≤⭥ѪѫDŽ↔ཆˈ䎺ইⲴ仾⭥ǃ‫ݹ‬Կᐲ൪ҏ੨ᕅҶབྷ䟿⎧ཆᣅ䍴DŽᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᯩ䶒ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইǃ⌠ഭᱟьইӊ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㿴⁑ᧂ਽‫ࡽ‬йսⲴഭᇦˈ਼ṧҏᱟ⎧ཆഭᇦ৲о⭥࣋ᣅ䍴ᴰཊⲴьইӊഭᇦDŽ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘䘉йњഭᇦⲴ㛑ᵳǃᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴ঐ∄ᙫ઼൷䎵䗷ሩᓄᣅ䍴ᙫ䟿Ⲵ50%DŽമ2.3.52001—2021ᒤ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ਴ഭ㍟䇑Ⲵ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㔃ᶴ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬3ǃ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵᣅ䍴ԕॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ѫѫˈն䘁ᒤᶕਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴䙀⑀໎ཊDŽ≤⭥аⴤᱟ⎧ཆഭᇦਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ⲵ䟽⛩亶ฏˈ‫ݹ‬Կ䘁ᒤᶕਁኅ䖳ᘛDŽ➔⭥ǃ≄⭥аⴤᱟ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘ᣅ䍴Ⲵ䟽⛩亶ฏˈє㘵ਸ䇑ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䎵䗷65%DŽਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᯩ䶒ˈ≤⭥аⴤᱟ⎧ཆᣅ䍴Ⲵ䟽⛩亶ฏDŽ㠚2001ᒤ䎧ˈ⎧ཆഭᇦቡᔰ࿻৲оᣅ䍴ьইӊⲴ≤⭥亩ⴞˈ䎵70%Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿⍱ੁҶ≤⭥ˈ≤⭥Ⲵᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ2001ᒤⲴ0.9ਹ⬖໎࣐㠣2015ᒤⲴ4.5ਹ⬖DŽ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊᣅ䍴Ⲵ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ԕ‫ݹ‬ԿѪѫˈѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘䎺ইǃ㨢ᖻᇮ઼⌠ഭㅹDŽ2015ᒤਾˈ‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᱮ㪇໎䮯ˈ㠣2021ᒤˈ⎧ཆഭᇦ൘ьইӊൠ४ሩ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴ㛑ᵳᣅ䍴ǃ䇮༷ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䖳2015ᒤ‫࡛࠶‬໎࣐Ҷ6‫ؽ‬ǃ7‫ؽ‬DŽѝഭᱟьইӊൠ४ᴰབྷⲴ‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴ഭѻаˈ䈕ൠ४‫ݹ‬Կᐕ〻䇮༷㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝ㓖65%ᶕ㠚ѝഭˈަਾᱟᗧഭǃᰕᵜDŽ˄Ҽ˅ѝഭ൘ьইӊⲴ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴‫᷀࠶‬1ǃѝഭ൘ьইӊⲴ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿੸ᤱ㔝кॷ䎻࣯ˈᵚᶕᣅ䍴䟽⛩ሶ䖜ੁਟ‫⭏޽‬17㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋DŽ䘁20ᒤ䰤ˈѝഭ৲оьইӊഭᇦⲴ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㍟䇑㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᤱ㔝кॷˈᡚ㠣2021ᒤˈѝഭ৲оⲴ㛑ᵳ઼ᐕ〻䇮༷㍟䇑ᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᐢ‫࡛࠶‬᧕䘁20ਹ⬖઼60ਹ⬖ˈ൷ᐢ䎵䗷ьইӊഭᇦ⭥࣋⎧ཆᣅ䍴ᙫփ≤ᒣⲴ40%DŽ↔ཆˈশਢ㍟䇑ᮠᦞᱮ⽪ˈ䘁ᒤᶕѝഭਟ‫޽‬⭏㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴䙀⑀໎ཊˈᣅ䍴␵⌱ॆ䎻࣯᰾ᱮDŽ䲿⵰ѝഭᇓᐳሶབྷ࣋᭟ᤱਁኅѝഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ㔯㢢վ⻣ਁኅˈн‫޽‬ᯠᔪຳཆ➔⭥亩ⴞˈᵚᶕѝഭሶ䟽⛩ᣅ䍴ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亶ฏDŽ2ǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᯩ䶒ˈѝഭᣅ䍴ԕ≤⭥઼‫ݹ‬ԿѪѫDŽަѝˈ≤⭥኎Ҿѝഭ䮯ᵏᣅ䍴亩ⴞˈҏᱟѝഭ൘ьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴Ⲵѫ㾱亶ฏDŽ‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿‫ࡉ‬Ҿ䘁‫ࠐ‬ᒤᱮ㪇໎࣐ˈ2021ᒤˈѝഭ൘ьইӊ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞⲴᐕ〻䇮༷ᣅ䍴ᙫ䟿ᐢ䎵䗷4ਹ⬖ˈ⴨ᖃҾ䎺ই2020ᒤ‫ݹ‬Կᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵഋ‫࠶‬ѻаDŽӾᣅ䍴ሩ䊑ⴻˈѝഭ≤⭥ᣅ䍴ѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘Ḝคመǃ㘱᥍ǃ䎺ই઼㔵⭨ഋњ≤⭥䍴Ⓚ⴨ሩѠᇼⲴഭᇦˈ㘼‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴‫ࡉ‬䳶ѝ൘䎺ইǃ㨢ᖻᇮˈ傜ᶕ㾯ӊㅹഭˈᣅੁ䎺ইⲴ‫ݹ‬Կᣅ䍴㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᴰཊˈф᰾ᱮ儈ҾަԆഭᇦˈ䘉о䎺ই䘁Ӌᒤབྷ࣋᧘ࣘ‫ݹ‬Կਁኅᴹ‫ޣ‬DŽ2020ᒤᓅˈ䎺ই൘‫⨳ޘ‬ᯠ໎‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝᧂ਽䏳ትㅜйˈᡀѪьইӊᴰ⚛⠶Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կᐲ൪ѻаDŽ2001—2021ᒤѝഭ൘ьইӊ਴ഭ㍟䇑Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㔃ᶴྲമ2.3.6ᡰ⽪DŽമ2.3.62001—2021ᒤѝഭ൘ьইӊ਴ഭ㍟䇑Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᣅ䍴㔃ᶴ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬18ㅜйㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴᵪ䙷઼᥁ᡈжȽђ঍Ӑ⭫࣑ք⻩䖢ශⲺᵰ䙽˄а˅ьইӊᵚᶕ⭥࣋䴰≲ᕪ࣢IEAᣕ੺ᱮ⽪ˈьইӊᱟц⭼к⭥࣋䴰≲໎䮯ᴰᘛⲴൠ४ѻаDŽ൘オ䈳ㅹ⭥ಘ֯⭘䟿нᯝ໎䮯ԕ৺୶૱઼ᴽ࣑⎸䍩нᯝ໎࣐Ⲵ᧘ࣘлˈ䗷৫20ᒤ䰤ˈьইӊⲴ⭥࣋䴰≲ԕᒤ൷䎵䗷6%Ⲵ䙏ᓖ໎䮯DŽഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᵪᶴ[22]ՠ䇑ˈ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈьইӊ⭘Ҿਁ⭥Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ䴰≲ሶ∄2016ᒤ໎࣐95%DŽ਼ᰦˈIEA亴⍻ьইӊൠ४Ⲵ⭥࣋⎸䍩ሶԕ⇿ᒤ4%Ⲵᒣ൷໎䙏ᤱ㔝໎䮯‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈቺᰦ⭥࣋⎸䍩ᙫ䟿ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤⲴє‫ؽ‬DŽᵚᶕˈᰒ㾱┑䏣᭟᫁㓿⍾ਁኅⲴᰕ⳺໎䮯Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ䴰≲ˈ৸㾱ެ亮㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬о⧟ຳਟᤱ㔝ᙗˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᱟ‫ޣ‬䭞ˈᡀѪьইӊൠ४ᖃ‫ਁࡽ‬ኅ䱦⇥ᙕ䴰Ⲵվᡀᵜ㜭ⓀⲴ䟽㾱ᶕⓀѻаDŽьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳՠ䇑ˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ঐ∄ሶӾⴞ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ15%ᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬㓖50%DŽ˄Ҽ˅ьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚ▌࣋ᐘབྷьইӊൠ४ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ㠚❦⾰䍻▌࣋ᐘབྷˈфབྷ䜘‫࠶‬ᒦᵚᔰਁDŽьইӊൠ४ᤕᴹц⭼кᴰՈ䍘Ⲵ≤⭥䍴Ⓚˈ⢩࡛ᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ㔵⭨઼‫ࠐ‬њ⑴‫⋣ޜ‬л⑨Ⲵഭᇦˈᦞ㓿⍾ਸ֌оਁኅ㓴㓷ՠ䇑ˈӵ㘱᥍Ⲵ≤⭥ᔰਁ▌࣋ቡ䗮‫ࡠ‬㓖26ਹ⬖DŽ↔ཆˈ䈕ൠ४Ⲵ‫➗ݹ⨳ޘ‬䗀ሴ≤ᒣ˄‫ݹ‬Կ䇮ᯭ䘹൰Ⲵ䟽㾱৲ᮠ˅䶎ᑨᕪˈᒣ൷⇿ᒤѪ1.5̚2‫/⬖ݶ‬ᒣᯩ㊣DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ㨢ᖻᇮ઼䎺ইൠ४Ⲵ仾࣋䍴Ⓚҏ䖳Ѫケࠪˈᒣ൷仾䙏䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ6̚7㊣/。DŽ൘ൠ✝㜭ǃ⎧⌻㜭Ⓚ઼⭏⢙䍘㜭ᯩ䶒ˈьইӊഭᇦҏᴹ⵰䖳ྭⲴ䍴ⓀᶑԦDŽֻྲˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼㨢ᖻᇮ䜭኎Ҿц⭼кൠ✝䍴Ⓚᴰਁ䗮Ⲵഭᇦ˗ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ㨢ᖻᇮ઼ᯠ࣐එㅹഭᇦᴹ⵰ѠᇼⲴ⎧⌻㜭Ⓚ▌࣋˗਼ᰦˈьইӊᴹᶕ㠚‫ߌ‬ъо᷇ъ⭏ӗ↻։ǃᐕъ઼෾ᐲᓏ⢙ǃՐ㔏㜭Ⓚ֌⢙ㅹѠᇼⲴ⭏⢙䍘㜭䍴ⓀDŽ䘉ӋՈᔲⲴ㠚❦⾰䍻Ѫьইӊൠ४ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ䘋а↕ᔰਁᨀ‫׋‬Ҷਟ䶐Ⲵส⹰DŽ˄й˅ьⴏᮤփԕ৺ьইӊ਴ഭ൷‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅⴞḷ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈьⴏഭᇦⲴа⅑㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚঐ∄䗮23%DŽབྷཊᮠഭᇦ൘ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞᮷Ԧѝ᰾⺞Ҷᵚᶕਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅᯩੁˈ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ㝡⻣ॆоަਁኅ⨶ᘥа㠤DŽ19ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃᯠ࣐එǃ㔵⭨ᨀࠪҶ䗸ੁ⻣ѝ઼Ⲵⴞḷоᡈ⮕˗㨢ᖻᇮǃ䎺ইㅹഭ↓൘ᴤᯠ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵਁኅ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ԕ䲀‫ࡦ‬ᯠᔪ➔⭥ˈਁኅ␵⌱㔯㢢㜭ⓀDŽᦞьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳՠ䇑ˈ൘਴ഭ䜭‫࠶ݵ‬ᇎ⧠ަഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⴞḷⲴ‫ࡽ‬ᨀлˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬37%DŽަѝˈ‫ݹ‬Կሶᱟᡰᴹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ѝਁኅᴰᘛⲴа⿽ˈᒤ൷໎䮯⦷ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬10.4%DŽྲ᷌㾱┑䏣ьⴏഭᇦᖃ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵⴞḷ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ቡ㾱≲Ӿ2020ᒤ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ32ਹ⬖䏳ॷ㠣83ਹ⬖ˈ਼ᰦˈ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ59ਹ⬖кॷ㠣77ਹ⬖DŽьইӊ਴ഭ≄‫ى‬ⴞḷ৺ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅⴞḷ㿱㺘3.1.1DŽ20㺘3.1.1ьইӊ਴ഭ≄‫ى‬ⴞḷ৺ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅⴞḷഭᇦ≄‫ى‬ⴞḷ৺ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅⴞḷ᮷㧡о2015ᒤ⴨∄ˈ‫ࡠ‬2035ᒤ㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇‫߿‬ቁ63%ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥䟿ঐ∄ᨀ儈㠣30%ˈ䖖䖶‫߿‬ᧂ40%ˈ἞᷇㾶ⴆ⦷䗮‫ࡠ‬55%㨢ᖻᇮ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿∄ส߶൪Ჟ䱽վ70%ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬15ਹ⬖‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ⻣ᧂ᭮ᕪᓖ䱽վ35%ˈᴹᶑԦᛵᲟл䱽վ45%傜ᶕ㾯ӊ˄⴨∄2005ᒤ˅˗‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬31%ᴹᶑԦᛵᲟлˈ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤ‫߿‬ᧂ41.7%˄ަѝ59.1%ᶕ㠚ॆ⸣Ḝคመ㜭Ⓚ˅˗‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬55%ˈ⭏⢙㜭㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬6.5%ˈཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬3.5%ᯠ࣐එ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿‫ࡠ‬䗮2ਹ⬖ˈ⻣ᧂ᭮ᕪᓖ∄2005ᒤ䱽վ36%ˈᇎ⧠⻣䗮ጠ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈᰐᶑԦᛵᲟл‫߿‬ᧂ20%˗ᴹᶑԦᛵᲟл‫߿‬ᧂ25%˗‫ࡠ‬2037ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘ᴰ㓸㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇ѝঐ∄໎㠣⌠ഭ30%ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄໎㠣36%ˈਁ⭥䟿ঐ∄໎㠣20%˗‫ࡠ‬2036ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘䘀䗃ъ㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇ѝঐ∄໎㠣25%‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘а⅑㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇ᙫ䟿ѝঐ∄Ѫ15%̚䎺ই20%ˈ2050ᒤѪ25%̚30%˗‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ‫ݹ‬Կ઼仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿໎㠣31̚38ਹ⬖˗‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ⎧к仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿໎㠣4ਹ⬖ˈ2045ᒤ໎㠣36ਹ⬖‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈᰐᶑԦᛵᲟл‫߿‬ᧂ29%ˈᴹᶑԦᛵᲟл‫߿‬ᧂঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ41%˗‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘а⅑㜭Ⓚѝঐ∄ᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬㠣ቁ23%ˈ2030ᒤᨀ儈㠣31%‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬20%˗‫ࡠ‬2030㔵⭨ᒤˈ≤⭥ਁ⭥䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬9.4ਹ⬖ᰦˈ‫ߌ‬ᶁ⭥≄ॆѝਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬30%㘱᥍‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇䟿൘㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇ᙫ䟿ѝঐ∄ᨀ儈㠣30%˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞThe6thASEANEnergyOutlook઼ഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᵪᶴᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅21˄ഋ˅ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᡀᵜ൘нᯝ䱽վфਁኅ᜸ਁ䗵䙏ᡀᵜᱟьইӊ਴ഭ䟷⭘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴањѫ㾱‫ߣ‬ᇊഐ㍐DŽ䘁ᒤᶕˈ‫ݹ‬Կо仾㜭ᡀᵜⲴл䱽ѪަԆਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘ьইӊⲴਁኅᨀ‫׋‬Ҷ㓿⍾кⲴ‫ݵ‬䏣ࣘ࣋DŽഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀᵪᶴⲴᮠᦞᱮ⽪ˈ2018ᒤ‫⨳ޘ‬ཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կ઼䱶к仾⭥Ⲵਁ⭥ᡀᵜ䖳2010ᒤ‫࡛࠶‬л䱽Ҷ73.8%઼22%ˈоॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴਁ⭥ᡀᵜ᧕䘁ˈ䘉䈤᰾ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁ⭥ᡀᵜ൘ц⭼㤳ത‫޵‬ᐢ㓿ާᴹㄎҹ࣋DŽնᦞഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᵪᶴՠ䇑ˈ2016ᒤьইӊൠ४Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կᒣ߶ॆᓖ⭥ᡀᵜ≤ᒣ㓖Ѫ0.19㖾‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈ儈Ҿӊ⍢ൠ४˄0.10㖾‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦ˅ˈ䘉᜿ણ⵰ьইӊൠ४‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᡀᵜӽᴹ⵰䖳བྷл䱽▌࣋DŽьইӊൠ४䱶к仾㜭Ⲵᒣ߶ॆᓖ⭥ᡀᵜ≤ᒣҏ੸⧠о‫ݹ‬Կ⴨լⲴ⧠䊑DŽᵚᶕˈᮤњьইӊൠ४ਟԕ㘳㲁䙊䗷‫⌘ޣ‬⴨‫᭯ޣ‬ㆆⲴ㩭ൠǃ䱽վо亩ⴞᔰਁ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ䖟ᡀᵜ˄ֻྲ䇨ਟ䇱ǃ⭥㖁ǃ൏ൠᖱ⭘ㅹ䍩⭘˅ǃᨀ儈४ฏ‫׋‬ᓄ䬮᭸⦷ㅹ᧚ᯭ䱽վਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ᡀᵜDŽ˄ӄ˅ьইӊഭ䱵ਸ֌䎻࣯䙀⑀ੁྭ൘ᢰᵟᨤࣙǃᢰᵟ䜘㖢ǃᣅ㶽䍴৺㜭࣋ᔪ䇮ᯩ䶒䘋㹼ഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈሩьইӊ␵⌱վ⻣䖜රᒦᇎ⧠ᴹᶑԦлⲴഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱DŽ൘䗷৫‫ࠐ‬ᒤ䟼ˈഭ䱵ਸ֌⁑ᔿⲴ㶽䍴ᯩᔿ઼ᢰᵟᯩṸ㊫࡛䜭൘нᯝ໎࣐DŽ䲿⵰2021ᒤҐ䘁ᒣѫᑝᇓᐳ‫→ڌ‬ᯠᔪ⎧ཆ➔⭥亩ⴞˈᵚᶕѝഭоьইӊѻ䰤Ⲵ㔯㢢㜭Ⓚਸ֌ሶᡀѪ४ฏ㜭Ⓚਸ֌Ⲵ䟽⛩DŽ2022ᒤˈवਜ਼ьⴏ਴ഭ৺ѝഭǃᰕᵜǃ丙ഭǃ◣བྷ࡙ӊǃᯠ㾯‫ޡޠ‬15ഭㆮ䇒Ⲵlj४ฏ‫ޘ‬䶒㓿⍾Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫ॿᇊNJ↓ᔿ੟ࣘDŽьইӊൠ४ᴰབྷⲴ४ฏ㓿䍨ॿ䇞Ⲵ੟ࣘሶՊѪᵚᶕьইӊൠ४Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌ᑖᶕᒯ䱄‫ࡽ‬ᲟDŽ൘lj४ฏ‫ޘ‬䶒㓿⍾Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫ॿᇊNJ↓ᔿ੟ࣘǃ਴ഭ᧘䘋վ⻣䖜රⲴ㛼Ჟлˈьইӊൠ४Ⲵ㔯㢢ഭ䱵ਸ֌䙀⑀ੁྭˈ䘉Ӌਸ֌ሶᑞࣙ਴ഭᕕਸ⧠ᇎᐞ䐍ˈ᭟ᤱ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵվ⻣䖜රDŽӂȽђ঍Ӑ⭫࣑ք⻩䖢ශⲺ᥇ᡎ˄а˅➔⭥Ⲵ࣐䙏䘰ࠪሶ࣐‫ࢗ‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄᆹ‫ޘ‬仾䲙ˈᒦᕅਁ䍴ӗᨱ⍵о‫↓ޜ‬䖜රㅹ᥁ᡈॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ˄⢩࡛ᱟ➔⛝˅ᱟьইӊᖃ‫઼ࡽ‬ᵚᶕ㓿⍾ਁኅⲴѫ㾱㜭ⓀᶕⓀDŽ㜭Ⓚ䴰≲о⭥࣋䴰≲Ⲵᤱ㔝໎䮯ᱟьইӊվ⻣䖜ර䶒ѤⲴаབྷ᥁ᡈDŽㅜ‫ޝ‬ቺьⴏ㜭ⓀኅᵋⲴᴰᯠ⹄ウ㺘᰾ˈቭ㇑ьইӊ↓൘᭩ழަ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ˈԕᇎ⧠ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚⴞḷˈն亴䇑ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚӽሶѫ22ሬьⴏᵚᶕⲴ㜭ⓀṬተDŽ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈьⴏᴰ㓸㜭Ⓚ⎸䍩ᙫ䟿ሶӾ2017ᒤⲴ375‫ݶ‬੘⋩ᖃ䟿໎࣐‫ࡠ‬922‫ݶ‬੘⋩ᖃ䟿ˈަѝ➔⛝Ⲵ䍑⥞ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬47%DŽ਼ᰦˈ䈕ൠ४Ⲵ⭥࣋⎸㙇亴䇑ሶԕ⇿ᒤ4.1%Ⲵ䙏ᓖ໎䮯ˈ䘉а໎䮯䙏ᓖᱟц⭼ަԆൠ४Ⲵє‫ؽ‬DŽ֌Ѫᵚᶕ‫࣋⭥⨳ޘ‬䴰≲໎䮯ᴰᘛⲴ४ฏѻаˈьইӊഭᇦሩ➔⭥Ⲵ‫׍‬䎆〻ᓖሶᤱ㔝‫؍‬ᤱ䖳儈≤ᒣˈ൘‫⌱␵⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴབྷ㛼Ჟлˈ➔⭥Ⲵ࣐䙏䘰ࠪሶ࣐‫ࢗ‬ьইӊൠ४Ⲵ⭥࣋㌫㔏о㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬仾䲙DŽ䲿⵰➔⭥Ⲵ࣐䙏䘰ࠪˈ֌Ѫ儈⻣䍴ӗⲴॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ䶒Ѥ䖳儈䍴ӗᨱ⍵仾䲙DŽቡ⭥࣋䜘䰘㘼䀰ˈIEAᮠᦞᱮ⽪[23]ˈ൘2ćᛵᲟлˈ⭥࣋䜘䰘ሶᴹ1715ਹ⬖㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䶒Ѥᨀ‫ࡽ‬ᨱ⍵ˈ‫ࡠ‬2060ᒤˈᨱ⍵⭥࣋䍴ӗሶ㔉⭥࣋Աъᑖᶕ3.7зӯ㖾‫ݳ‬Ⲵ䍒࣑仾䲙DŽ൘ԕ➔⭥Ѫѫ㾱⭥࣋ᶕⓀⲴьইӊൠ४ˈ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රሶ䙀↕ᢃ⹤৏ᴹ⴨‫ޣ‬ӗъⲴ‫ࡦ‬䙐ǃ⭏ӗǃ䘀䗃ǃ⎸䍩ᐲ൪ˈ䟽ກӗъ䬮ǃ‫׋‬ᓄ䬮ṬተˈӾ㘼ᕅਁ㌫㔏ᙗⲴ㓿⍾仾䲙ˈਟ㜭䘋а↕ᖡ૽䠁㶽ᐲ൪Ⲵっᇊᙗˈሬ㠤儈仍䍴ӗᨱ⍵DŽCarbonTrackerਁᐳⲴᣕ੺[24]ᤷࠪˈьইӊⴞ‫ࡽ‬䇑‫ࡂ‬ᡆ൘ᔪ⟳➔⭥ল㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䎵䗷70ਹ⬖ˈ䶒Ѥ仾䲙Ⲵ➔⭥ᣅ䍴䗮1240ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬DŽьইӊ➔⛝㹼ъⲴ儈䙏ਁኅᴮѪᖃൠ‫ࡋ‬䙐Ҷབྷ䟿ቡъᵪՊˈቔަᱟ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼䎺ইㅹഭDŽ➔⛝ӗънᯝ㨾㕙ǃ➔⛝֯⭘ᡆࠪਓ‫߿‬ቁˈሶ㔉Ր㔏➔⛝㹼ъᑖᶕаᇊ‫ˈࠫߢ‬㔉➔⛝㹼ъ઼ᐕӪᑖᶕ䖳བྷᖡ૽ˈ⭊㠣ਟ㜭ᖡ૽➔⛝ᇶ䳶රൠ४Ⲵ⽮Պっᇊˈ䙐ᡀѕ䟽Ⲵ⽮Պ㓿⍾ᖡ૽[25]DŽ❦㘼ˈⴞ‫ࡽ‬ьইӊሩ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රⲴᮤփᓄሩ࣋ᓖн䏣ˈӵᴹ㨢ᖻᇮǃᯠ࣐එ઼傜ᶕ㾯ӊйњഭᇦ൘⌅ᖻѝ᰾⺞Ҷᢰ㜭㾱≲ǃᐕӪᵳ઼࡙वᇩᙗ໎䮯Ⲵⴁ㇑䰞仈[26]DŽ↔ཆˈьইӊ४ฏቲ䶒ቊᵚቡվ⻣ᐕ֌Ⲵਜ਼ѹ֌ࠪ᰾⺞⭼ᇊˈ⴨‫ޣ‬ḷ߶Ⲵн⺞ᇊᙗሩ᧘ࣘ➔⛝Աъ䖜ර઼ᐕӪᢰ㜭ษ䇝ㅹᐕ֌ҏᰐ⌅䘋㹼߶⺞ⲴᤷሬDŽ˄Ҽ˅⭥࣋䖜ර᭯ㆆ᭟ᤱᓖ઼᭯ᓌᢗ㹼࣋ᴹᖵᨀ儈ьইӊഭᇦ䘁Ӌᒤ〟ᶱ啃࣡⭥࣋㹼ъਁኅˈᒦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶа㌫‫ࡇ‬䝽྇᭯ㆆˈն⭡Ҿ㕪ѿᙫփ㿴‫઼ࡂ‬ᐲ൪䇴ՠˈሬ㠤᭯ㆆ䈳ᮤ仁㑱ˈ㕪ѿっᇊᙗDŽаᯩ䶒ˈ㜭Ⓚ䖜ර⨶ᘥн਼ˈਟ㜭Պ֯㜭Ⓚ᭯ㆆࠪ⧠䖳བྷ䈳ᮤˈⴞḷ㕪ѿа㠤ᙗ[27]˗ਖаᯩ䶒ˈ⭡Ҿሩ⧠ᇎᶑԦ઼ᐲ൪ਈॆⲴ䇴ՠн䏣ˈ᭯ㆆᢗ㹼ҏࠪ⧠仁㑱ਈࣘDŽ൘㺕䍤᭯ㆆᯩ䶒ˈ儈仍ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㺕䍤аᇊ〻ᓖк‫߿‬ᕡҶ᭯ᓌ᧘ᒯਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ‫ߣ‬ᗳˈфк㖁⭥ԧ◰࣡н䏣ǃਁ⭥ᒦ㖁ᤷሬᯩ䪸᰾⺞ᙗнཏǃ䍝⭥ਸ਼ᇑᢩ〻ᒿ઼൏ൠ䇨ਟ〻ᒿ䖳༽ᵲǃ൏ൠ䍝㖞ᵏ╛䮯ǃཆ୶ᣅ䍴ᵜൠᡀ‫࠶‬㾱≲䖳ཊㅹཊ⿽ഐ㍐ҏሬ㠤ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞ䘋ኅ㕃ធˈᡀᵜ䖳儈ˈ䱫⺽Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ䘋а↕ਁኅDŽ23˄й˅⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ≤ᒣ䖳վԕ৺␵⌱⭥࣋ӗъਁኅਇ䱫ьইӊഭᇦᤕᴹн਼Ⲵ⭥࣋㹼ъ㔃ᶴ˖ᯠ࣐එ઼㨢ᖻᇮሶ䴦୞ㄎҹ઼㌫㔏䘀㩕оਁ⭥ъ࣑‫࠶‬ᔰˈ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ〻ᓖ䖳儈˗⌠ഭ઼ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᤕᴹ඲ⴤᮤਸф䍏䍓ਁ⭥઼⭥㖁䘀㹼Ⲵഭᴹ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨ˗䎺ইⴞ‫↓ࡽ‬൘䘋㹼⭥࣋փ‫ࡦ‬᭩䶙ˈੁ⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪䗷⑑DŽⴞ‫ࡽ‬ьইӊᮤփⲴ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ≤ᒣӽ❦䖳վˈ㕪ѿᐲ൪ㄎҹ◰࣡ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬䍝⭥ॿ䇞઼⟳ᯉ‫׋‬ᓄⲴ䮯ᵏਸ਼‫ࡦ‬ҏн࡙Ҿ䟺᭮ᐲ൪⚥⍫ᙗDŽ↔ཆˈьইӊнቁ⭥࣋Աъᐘཤᤕᴹ䖳ཊⲴ➔⭥䍴ӗˈֻྲˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨᤕᴹ䈕ഭབྷ䜘‫⭥➔⟳࠶‬লˈަ㠚䓛ҏᤱ㔝᭦䍝ഭ‫޵‬Ⲵ➔⛝ⸯ४ˈ⭥࣋㹼ъо➔⛝㹼ъᐢᖒᡀнਟ‫ࢢ࠶‬Ⲵ࡙⳺‫਼ޡ‬փDŽՐ㔏➔⭥ӗъ࣯࣋䱫ᥐоਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚӗъਁኅቊнっᇊˈ֯ᗇьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䖜රᐕ֌㕪ѿࣘ࣋DŽ˄ഋ˅␵⌱㜭Ⓚᢰᵟ⹄ਁ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ㜭࣋䖳ᕡьইӊ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦ␵⌱㜭ⓀᢰᵟⲴ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ㜭࣋н儈ˈṨᗳᢰᵟ⹄ਁ≤ᒣ䖳վDŽ⌱߰➔ᢰᵟ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᢰᵟਁኅ≤ᒣⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᰐ⌅ᴹ᭸᭟᫁䈕ൠ४վ⻣䖜රⴞḷˈф⭡Ҿ䍴䠁ᣅ‫ޕ‬䖳ቁǃ᭯ㆆᕅሬн䏣ǃᐲ൪ᵪ‫ࡦ‬н‫ޘڕ‬ǃѫփࣘ࣋н䏣ㅹഐ㍐ˈьইӊ⴨‫ޣ‬ᢰᵟ䖜ॆ〻ᓖ䖳վˈᢰᵟᡀᵜнާ༷ㄎҹՈ࣯ˈᒦ䘋а↕ᖡ૽‫ࡠ‬ᢰᵟᓄ⭘DŽ਼ᰦˈӪ᡽㕪ѿҏ‫ࡦ‬㓖ҶьইӊⲴվ⻣䖜ර↕ՀDŽṩᦞьইӊ⧠ᴹ᭯ㆆ[28]ˈ亴䇑‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈ䈕ൠ४ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㹼ъѝˈӵоཚ䱣㜭઼仾㜭ⴤ᧕⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ዇սቡᐢ䎵䗷8зњDŽ❦㘼ˈ⭡ҾӪ᡽ษޫо㇑⨶ᵪ‫ࡦ‬⅐㕪ǃӪ᡽੨ᕅ࣋нᕪǃуъᔪ䇮䖳Ѫ㩭ਾㅹ৏ഐˈьইӊൠ४Ӫ᡽䗃ࠪᰐ⌅┑䏣⧠ᴹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᐲ൪㿴⁑Ⲵᢙབྷ䙏ᓖˈӪ᡽䴰≲㕪ਓ䖳བྷDŽ˄ӄ˅⭥㖁ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮ӏᖵ᭩ழԕ৺ьⴏ⭥࣋ӂ㚄ӂ䙊䘋ኅ䖳ធьইӊ⧠ᴹ⭥㖁ส⹰䇮ᯭ䖳Ѫ㮴ᕡˈᮤփ䗃⭥઼䝽⭥㌫㔏᭸⦷䖳վˈ⚥⍫ᙗн䏣ˈ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦቊᵚᔪᡀ㾶ⴆ‫ޘ‬ഭⲴ㔏а⭥㖁ˈབྷ㿴⁑Ⲵ仾⭥‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉᒦ㖁ҏ䘋а↕໎࣐Ҷ⭥㖁䈳ᓖ㇑⨶䳮ᓖDŽ⭡Ҿ⭥㖁ᰐ⌅༴⨶ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ䰤ⅷᙗ⌒ࣘˈ⴨‫ޣ‬亩ⴞᖰᖰ䶒Ѥ䲀⭥仾䲙DŽֻྲˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⤜・ਁ⭥୶Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞ㓿ᑨՊഐѪ⭥㖁䲀‫ࡦ‬㘼㻛ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨਛ‫ˈڌ‬䘉⿽ᛵ‫ߥ‬൘⡚૷—ᐤৈዋѫ㖁ѻཆⲴ‫ٿ‬䘌ཆዋкቔަᑨ㿱ˈ䱫⺽Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁ⭥к㖁DŽ↔ཆˈьⴏ䐘ຳӂ㚄ሩ࣐ᕪьⴏ⭥࣋䜘䰘⚥⍫ᙗˈᆼᡀьⴏ४ฏਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅⴞḷ㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱ˈն⭡Ҿ䍴䠁᭟ᤱнࠪǃ㇑⨶‫ࡦ‬ᓖнᆼழǃᢰᵟн䏣ㅹഐ㍐ˈⴞ‫ᮤࡽ‬փ䘋ኅ䖳Ѫ㕃ធDŽቭ㇑ⴞ‫ࡽ‬བྷ䜘‫࠶‬ьইӊഭᇦ䜭ᴹ䐘ຳ⭥㖁亩ⴞˈնѫ㾱ተ䲀Ҿৼ䗩ˈ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃ҏཊѪ䶎ሬੁᙗⲴᖒᔿDŽ24˄‫˅ޝ‬䖜ර䍴䠁㕪ਓ䖳བྷф㕪ѿᴹ᭸Ⲵᐲ൪㶽䍴ᵪ‫ࡦ‬൘IEAᰒᇊ᭯ㆆᛵᲟоਟᤱ㔝ਁኅᛵᲟѝˈ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈьইӊᒤ൷㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴仍亴䇑‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬1300ӯ㖾‫઼ݳ‬1900ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬DŽӾьইӊ⧠ᴹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴ⴻˈቭ㇑䎺ই㧧ᗇⲴᣅ䍴ᙫ仍ᴰཊˈնҏӵ⴨ᖃҾц⭼ᧂ਽ㅜ20սⲴᲪ࡙Ⲵй‫࠶‬ѻа[29]DŽഐ↔ˈ㕪ѿ䍴䠁ӽ❦ᱟьⴏ㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䖜රⲴѫ㾱䰞仈ѻаDŽаᯩ䶒ˈьⴏᡀઈഭѝབྷཊᮠѪਁኅѝഭᇦˈ㓿⍾ਁኅ≤ᒣվˈ䍒᭯঻࣋䖳བྷDŽਖаᯩ䶒ˈ䇨ཊьইӊഭᇦ䠁㶽઼䍴ᵜᐲ൪䜭䖳㮴ᕡˈഭ‫޵‬䬦㹼൘Ѫ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䍴ӗ㶽䍴ᯩ䶒㓿傼ᴹ䲀ˈ㶽䍴⁑ᔿ઼㇑⨶ᵪ‫ࡦ‬ቊнᡀ⟏ˈ䖳䳮㧧ᗇ䮯ᵏ㶽䍴DŽьইӊൠ४㕪ѿ㔏аⲴ仾䲙䇴ՠḷ߶ˈ਴ഭⲴؑ᚟ᣛ䵢ᵪ‫ࡦ‬ቊнᆼழˈᱟ䈕ൠ४㶽䍴ഠ䳮䟽㾱৏ഐˈф䘋а↕䱫⺽ьইӊൠ४Ⲵ䍴䠁⍱2526ㅜഋㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴṸֻ‫——᷀࠶‬ԕ䎺ইоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊѪֻжȽ䏀঍⭫࣑䜞䰞ք⻩䖢ශṾׁ‫᷆࠼‬൘1986ᒤ੟ࣘ㓿⍾᭩䶙ԕᶕˈ䎺ই㓿⍾ᐢ㓿ਆᗇҶᐘབྷⲴ໎䮯ˈ֯䎺ইӾц⭼ᴰ䍛ഠഭᇦѻа䗸ੁҶѝㅹ᭦‫ޕ‬ഭᇦ㹼‫ࡇ‬DŽ2002㠣2020ᒤᵏ䰤ˈ䎺ইӪ൷GDP໎䮯Ҷ2.7‫ˈؽ‬䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ⇿ᒤ㓖2800㖾‫ݳ‬DŽ䍛ഠ⦷Ӿ2011ᒤⲴ䎵䗷32%བྷᑵл䱽‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤⲴн䏣2%[30]DŽ਼ᰦˈส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮ҏ൘࣐ᘛˈᡚ㠣2020ᒤˈ䎺ই⭥࣋㖁ᐢ㓿㾶ⴆҶ99%ⲴӪਓDŽ❦㘼ˈ䎺ইᱟањ㜭Ⓚᇶ䳶රഭᇦˈ䲿⵰㓿⍾Ⲵਁኅˈ䈕ഭҏᡀѪьইӊൠ४⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮ᴰ儈Ⲵഭᇦѻа[31]DŽ䎺ই᭯ᓌᐢ㓿᜿䇶‫“ࡠ‬㓿⍾໎䮯䴰㾱оਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ喀ཤᒦ䘋”[32]ˈҏᐢ㓿ᔰ࿻䙀⑀᧘䘋ੁਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴᐕ֌DŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤᓅˈ䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄ᐢ㓿䗮‫ࡠ‬25%DŽ2021ᒤᱟ䎺ইᵍlj䎺ই⽮Պ㓿⍾ਁኅᡈ⮕˄2021—2030ᒤ˅NJ䇮ᇊⴞḷ䗸䘋Ⲵᯠ᭯ㆆઘᵏⲴᔰㄟѻᒤDŽ䎺ইⲴⴞḷᱟ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤᡀѪѝ儈᭦‫ޕ‬ഭᇦˈ‫ࡠ‬2045ᒤᡀѪਁ䗮ഭᇦDŽ䎺ইᙫ⨶൘2021ᒤҾṬ᣹ᯟକѮ㹼ⲴCOP26к䘈‫ࠪڊ‬Ҷ‫ࡠ‬2050ᒤᇎ⧠߰䴦⻣ᧂ᭮ⲴᴹᶑԦ᢯䈪DŽᵜ䜘‫࠶‬ѫ㾱‫ח‬䟽Ҿ᭩ழьইӊ⭥࣋㹼ъվ⻣䖜රⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌˄ቔަᱟоѝഭ˅DŽާփ㘼䀰ˈ䈕亩ⴞᔰኅ⭥࣋㹼ъ⧠⣦Ⲵ‫ˈ᷀࠶‬䇶࡛⭥࣋㹼ъվ⻣䖜රⲴ▌൘ᖡ૽઼䳌⺽ˈᴰ㓸Ѫьইӊൠ४⭥࣋㹼ъվ⻣䖜රⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌ᨀࠪ䐟㓯മ઼᭯ㆆᔪ䇞DŽ䢤Ҿ↔ˈ⹄ウ‫޵‬ᇩྲл˖аᱟ᧿䘠䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ‫ࡦ‬ᓖᆹᧂ˗Ҽᱟᙫ㔃䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘⧠⣦ԕ৺᧘ࣘ䎺ইվ⻣⭥࣋䖜රⲴ⴨‫ޣ‬ⴞḷǃ䇑‫઼᭯ࡂ‬ㆆ˗йᱟᙫ㔃઼䇴ՠ䖜ර䗷〻ѝⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞᥁ᡈ઼䳌⺽˗ഋᱟሩᖃ‫ࡽ‬ഭ䱵ਸ֌Չդǃഭ䱵䶎᭯ᓌ㓴㓷Ѫ‫׳‬䘋䎺ইվ⻣ਁኅᐢᔰኅⲴѮ᧚䘋㹼Ṹཤᇑḕ˗ӄᱟሩ᧘䘋վ⻣⭥࣋䖜රⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌˄⢩࡛ᱟоѝഭⲴਸ֌˅ᨀࠪаӋ᭯ㆆᔪ䇞DŽ˄а˅䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ⧠⣦䎺ই⭥࣋൘㓸ㄟ㜭Ⓚ⎸䍩㔃ᶴѝঐ∄ᴰ儈ˈ໎䮯䙏ᓖᘛDŽ2010㠣2019ᒤ䰤ˈ⭥࣋⭏ӗ˄वᤜ䘋ਓ⭥࣋˅Ӿ1004ӯॳ⬖ᰦ໎䮯‫ࡠ‬2401ӯॳ⬖ᰦˈᒣ൷ᒤ໎䮯⦷䗮‫ࡠ‬10.2%ˈ27∄਼ᵏGDP໎䮯⦷儈1.8‫ؽ‬DŽਇᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵᖡ૽ˈ2020ᒤ⭥࣋⭏ӗ໎䮯⦷䱽Ѫ2.4%ˈ2021ᒤഎॷ㠣3.9%DŽ2021ᒤˈ䎺ইᙫ⭘⭥䟿Ѫ2567ӯॳ⬖ᰦˈᐕъ઼ᔪㆁ䜘䰘ᱟ⭘⭥䟿໎䮯Ⲵѫ㾱傡ࣘ࣋DŽᡚ㠣2021ᒤᓅˈ⭥࣋ᐢ㾶ⴆ䎵䗷99%Ⲵ䎺ইᇦᓝDŽ䎺ই਴䜘䰘䘁ᒤⲴᙫ⭘⭥䟿ྲമ4.1.1ᡰ⽪DŽമ4.1.1䎺ই਴䜘䰘䘁ᒤⲴᙫ⭘⭥䟿˄অս˖ਹ⬖ᰦ˅ቭ㇑ྲ↔ˈ䎺ইⲴӪ൷⭘⭥䟿ӽվҾ⌠ഭˈᒦфབྷབྷվҾ㓿⍾ਸ֌оਁኅ㓴㓷ഭᇦⲴᒣ൷≤ᒣ˄㿱മ4.1.2˅ˈնᱟ䎺ইⲴ⭥࣋⎸䍩ᕪᓖ൘ьইӊൠ४ত㔤ᤱ൘儈ս˄㿱മ4.1.3˅DŽമ4.1.22018ᒤ䜘‫࠶‬ьইӊഭᇦ৺㓿⍾ਸ֌оਁኅ㓴㓷ഭᇦⲴӪ൷⭘⭥䟿˄ॳ⬖ᰦ˅˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞц⭼䬦㹼ᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅28മ4.1.32000—2018ᒤ䜘‫࠶‬ьইӊഭᇦ⭥࣋⎸䍩ᕪᓖ˄ॳ⬖ᰦ/㖾‫˅ݳ‬˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞц⭼䬦㹼ᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᮤ⨶˅ѪҶ┑䏣нᯝ໎䮯Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲ˈ䎺ইⲴ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿൘2010㠣2020ᒤᵏ䰤໎䮯䎵䗷10‫ˈؽ‬Ӿ2010ᒤⲴ6400‫⬖ݶ‬ケ⹤㠣2021ᒤⲴ69300‫⬖ݶ‬DŽ䲿⵰㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ໎䮯ˈ䎺ইⲴ⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴ㓿শҶᮠ⅑ਈॆDŽ2000ᒤˈ≤⭥൘⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝঐ∄ᴰ儈ˈ䗮54%DŽ‫ࡠ‬2005ᒤˈ≤⭥ঐ∄л䱽‫ࡠ‬37%ˈ≄⭥ਆ㘼ԓѻˈঐ∄䗮39%DŽ൘2010㠣2015ᒤᵏ䰤ˈ≤⭥ӽᱟѫ㾱⭥࣋ᶕⓀˈն➔⭥ᔰ࿻䗵⥋໎䮯ˈ2005㠣2015ᒤᵏ䰤໎䮯Ҷ䘁9‫ˈؽ‬㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ӿ2005ᒤⲴ㓖1500‫⬖ݶ‬໎䮯‫ࡠ‬2015ᒤⲴ13250‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬ঐ∄䗮33%DŽ2000-—2020ᒤᵏ䰤䎺ই⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴⲴਈॆྲമ4.1.4ᡰ⽪DŽlj䎺ইഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2011—2020˅NJⲴ‫؞‬䇒⡸˄‫؞‬䇒⡸PDP7˅ᤷࠪˈ䎺ইሶ㔗㔝‫⭥➔⌘ޣ‬Ⲵਁኅˈⴞḷᱟ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤ➔⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ‫ࡠ‬ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ43%DŽ⭡Ҿ䎺ই➔⛝༷ۘн䏣ˈӵ䶐ഭ‫׋޵‬ᓄᰐ⌅┑䏣䘉а䴰≲ˈഐ↔䴰㾱‫׍‬䎆➔⛝䘋ਓˈ䘉Պሬ㠤ӪԜሩ㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ⲴᣵᘗDŽ↔ཆˈࠪҾሩ⧟ຳ⊑ḃⲴᣵᘗˈᐢ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লᒦнਇൠᯩ⅒䗾ˈҏнㅖਸ≄‫ى‬᢯䈪DŽสҾ䘉Ӌ㘳㲁઼ሩ⭥࣋⸝㕪Ⲵᣵᗳˈ䎺ই᭯ᓌ࣐ᘛҶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅDŽ൘а㌫‫ࡇ‬Ոᜐ᭯ㆆ˄㿱㺘4.1.1˅Ⲵ᭟ᤱлˈ䎺ইⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘2016㠣2020ᒤᵏ䰤㬜ࣳਁኅˈቔަᱟ൘2019ᒤ઼2020ᒤDŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤᓅˈ䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ17500‫∄ˈ⬖ݶ‬2015ᒤ໎䮯Ҷ8.4‫ˈؽ‬ঐᮤњ⭥࣋ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ25.4%DŽ2020ᒤˈ䎺ই‫ޘ‬ഭⲴ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᶴᡀྲл˖≤⭥ঐ∄Ѫ30.3%ǃ➔⭥ঐ∄Ѫ29.7%ǃ䶎≤ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ঐ∄Ѫ25.4%ǃ≄⭥ঐ∄Ѫ10.3%DŽ2021ᒤˈ䎺ইᤱ㔝᧘䘋ੁਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ䖜රˈᯠ໎仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿4000‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬䘉֯ᗇਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄໎㠣26.9%ˈ䗮‫ࡠ‬21015‫ݶ‬⬖DŽ29˄A˅˄B˅മ4.1.42000—2020ᒤᵏ䰤䎺ই⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴⲴਈॆ⌘˖˄A˅ԕ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬Ѫḷ߶˗˄B˅ԕԭ仍˄%˅Ѫḷ߶ਟਈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ儈䙏ਁኅ䙏ᓖ䎵䗷Ҷlj䎺ইഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2011—2020˅NJ‫؞‬䇒⡸Ⲵ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬䘉㔉䎺ই⭥࣋㌫㔏ᑖᶕҶаӋ㔃ᶴ䰞仈ˈवᤜѝইൠ४Ⲵ䱫ຎ઼䲀⭥ˈԕ৺ሩᮤњഭᇦ⭥㖁㌫㔏っᇊᙗⲴᖡ૽DŽᖸ᰾ᱮˈ䘋а↕䜘㖢ਟਈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䴰㾱ሩ⭥࣋㌫㔏Ⲵ㔃ᶴ઼䘀㹼ᯩᔿ䘋㹼䟽བྷ䈳ᮤDŽ㺘4.1.1䎺ই‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥઼仾⭥亩ⴞⲴԧṬ◰࣡ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㊫ර᭟ᤱᵪ‫ࡦ‬ԧṬ≤ᒣ⌅ᖻ᮷Ԧ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥к㖁⭥ԧṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶PPA˄䍝⭥2017ᒤ4ᴸ11仾⭥к㖁⭥ԧॿ䇞˅ˈ㺕䍤9.35㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰕㅜϭϭͬY-TTgᰦˈнवᤜ2019ᒤ6ᴸ30ᰕਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊ‫ࡽ‬ᆼᡀ୶ъ䘀㩕Ⲵൠ䶒䳶ѝᔿ઼ቻ亦ᔿ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴ໎٬〾2020ᒤ4ᴸ6ᰕṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶䍝⭥ॿ䇞ˈㅜϭϯͬϮϬϮϬͬY-㺕䍤7.09㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈнवᤜTTgਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊ2020ᒤ12ᴸ31ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ᆼᡀ୶ъ䘀㩕Ⲵൠ䶒䳶ѝᔿ㌫㔏Ⲵ໎٬2021ᒤ6ᴸ29ᰕ〾ㅜϯϳͬϮϬϭϭͬY-ṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶䍝⭥ॿ䇞ˈTTgਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊ㺕䍤8.38㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈнवᤜ2020ᒤ12ᴸ31ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ᆼᡀ୶ъ䘀㩕Ⲵቻ亦ᔿ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴ໎٬〾ṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶䍝⭥ॿ䇞ˈ㺕䍤7.8㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈнवᤜ2018ᒤ11ᴸ1ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ᣅ‫⭘֯ޕ‬Ⲵєњ䱶к仾⭥亩ⴞⲴ໎٬〾30ṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶PPA˄䍝⭥2018ᒤ9ᴸ10ᰕॿ䇞˅ˈ㺕䍤8.5㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ㅜϯϵͬϮϬϭϴͬY-ᰦˈнवᤜ2021ᒤ11ᴸ1ᰕTTgਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊ‫ࡽ‬ᆼᡀ୶ъ䘀㩕ф2018ᒤ11ᴸ1ᰕ䎧ᣅ‫⭘֯ޕ‬Ⲵ䱶к仾⭥亩ⴞⲴ໎٬〾ṩᦞ2020ᒤⲴḷ߶䍝⭥ॿ䇞ˈ㺕䍤9.8㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈнवᤜ2021ᒤ11ᴸ1ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ᆼᡀ୶ъ䘀㩕ф2018ᒤ11ᴸ1ᰕ䎧ᣅ‫⭘֯ޕ‬Ⲵ⎧к仾⭥亩ⴞⲴ໎٬〾ⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬䎺ই઼㘱᥍ǃḜคመ৺ѝഭᴹ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃DŽާփᶕ䈤ˈ䎺ইӾ㘱᥍઼ѝഭ䘋ਓ⭥࣋㘼ੁḜคመࠪਓ⭥࣋DŽ2021ᒤˈ䎺ইӾ㘱᥍䘋ਓⲴ⭥࣋䎵䗷14ӯॳ⬖ᰦˈ䖳2020ᒤ໎䮯䎵䗷20%DŽ䲿⵰㘱᥍≤⭥亩ⴞੁ䎺ইࠪਓ⭥࣋Ⲵ໎࣐ˈ亴䇑⭥࣋䘋ਓՊ䲿ѻ䙀⑀໎࣐DŽ⴨∄ѻлˈᶕ㠚ѝഭⲴ⭥࣋䘋ਓ൘2021ᒤᐢ䱽㠣䴦ˈྲമ4.1.5ᡰ⽪DŽമ4.1.52005—2021ᒤ䎺ইⲴ䐘ຳ⭥࣋䍨᱃ਈॆᛵ‫ߥ‬դ䲿⵰䘉Ӌਁኅˈ䎺ই᭯ᓌ੟ࣘҶᰘ൘ᕅ‫ޕ‬䴦୞⭥࣋ᐲ൪Ⲵ᭩䶙DŽ䎺ইlj⭥࣋⌅NJҾ2005ᒤ7ᴸ1ᰕ⭏᭸ˈᒦҾ2013ᒤ7ᴸ䘋㹼Ҷ‫؞‬䇒DŽ䈕⌅Ṹ㿴ᇊҶㄎҹᙗ⭥࣋ᐲ൪Ⲵ3њਁኅ䱦⇥˖ㄎҹᙗਁ⭥ᐲ൪ǃ⭥ᢩ࣋ਁᐲ൪઼⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪DŽ2013ᒤˈ䎺ইᙫ⨶亱ᐳҶㅜ63/2013/QD-TTgਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊˈᒦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶᇎᯭ䐟㓯മˈྲമ4.1.6ᡰ⽪˖31മ4.1.6䎺ই⭥࣋ᐲ൪᭩䶙ᇎᯭ䐟㓯മㄎҹᙗਁ⭥ᐲ൪ⴞ‫ࡽ‬वᤜҶ100ᓗਁ⭥লˈঐᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ44%DŽަ։Ѫާᴹ䟽㾱ᡈ⮕᜿ѹⲴབྷර≤⭥ㄉ˄11ᓗ≤⭥ㄉˈঐᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ14%˅ˈᡆᤱᴹ䮯ᵏ䍝⭥ॿ䇞Ⲵਁ⭥ল˄110ᓗਁ⭥লˈঐ‫࢙‬։㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ38%˅DŽ䎺ইⴞ‫↓ࡽ‬༴Ҿ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ਁኅⲴㅜ2䱦⇥——⭥ᢩ࣋ਁᐲ൪ˈᒦ↓ṩᦞമ4.1.7ѝㅜ8266/QD-BCT‫ߣ‬ᇊᢩ߶Ⲵ䈖㓶䇮䇑䘋㹼䱦⇥ᔪ䇮DŽ䈕ਁኅ䱦⇥ਟ‫ݱ‬䇨5ᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨǃབྷᇒᡧ઼ᴹ䍴䍘Ⲵᯠᢩਁ୶൘⧠䍗ᐲ൪䍝⭥DŽ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃‫ޜ‬ਨ˄䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒⲴᆀ‫ޜ‬ਨ˅ᓄን㹼Ӿᵚ৲оㄎҹᙗᢩਁ⭥࣋ᐲ൪Ⲵਁ⭥ল䍝⭥Ⲵѹ࣑ˈᒦሶ䘉Ӌ⭥䟿ࠪ୞㔉⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨDŽ⭥࣋㌫㔏઼ᐲ൪䘀㩕㘵ᱟ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒᡰ኎Ⲵഭᇦ䍏㦧䈳ᓖѝᗳˈഭᇦ䍏㦧䈳ᓖѝᗳሶ൘ㄎҹᙗਁ⭥ᐲ൪ѝ䖜ਈѪ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒⲴаᇦ㠚䍏⳸ҿⲴᇎփDŽ❦㘼ˈྲлᡰ䘠ˈ䘉аѮࣘቊᵚᇎᯭˈഐ↔㻛〫㠣⭥࣋ᐲ൪ਁኅⲴла䱦⇥——⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪ѝ䘋㹼DŽമ4.1.7䎺ই⭥ᢩ࣋ਁᐲ൪ᷦᶴ˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞ䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተ൘䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒՊ䇞кⲴᣕ੺ᮤ⨶˅2020ᒤ8ᴸ7ᰕˈ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ਁᐳҶㅜ2093/QD-BCTਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊˈᢩ߶Ҷㄎҹᙗ⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪Ⲵ䇮䇑DŽһᇎкˈ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘઼䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተ↓൘䘋㹼ᕅ‫ޕ‬ㄎҹᙗ⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪32Ⲵ߶༷ᐕ֌˖аᱟሶഭᇦ䍏㦧䈳ᓖѝᗳ䖜ਈѪ䘀㩕⭥࣋㌫㔏઼⭥࣋ᐲ൪Ⲵᴹ䲀‫ޜ‬ਨ˗ҼᱟѪㄎҹᙗ⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪‫ࡦ‬ᇊ⭥࣋䜘䰘䟽㓴䇑‫˗ࡂ‬йᱟᆼᡀ⌅ᖻ‫ࡦ‬ᓖ᮷Ԧˈ‫ݱ‬䇨ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭏ӗ୶о⭘⭥⎸䍩㘵ㆮ䇒ⴤ䍝⭥ॿ䇞DŽ൘䈕䱦⇥ˈ⎸䍩㘵˄ᴰ㓸⭘ᡧ˅ਟӾ⧠䍗ᐲ൪˄䘲⭘Ҿབྷᇒᡧ˅䍝⭥ᡆ㠚㹼䘹ᤙӾ⭥࣋䴦୞୶༴䍝⭥ˈྲമ4.1.8ᡰ⽪DŽമ4.1.8䎺ই⭥࣋䴦୞ᐲ൪Ⲵᇎᯭ⍱〻˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞ䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተ൘䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒՊ䇞кⲴᣕ੺ᮤ⨶˅˄Ҽ˅䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵփ‫ࡦ‬ᵪ‫ࡦ‬മ4.1.9ᱮ⽪Ҷ䎺ই⭥࣋㹼ъ⎹৺Ⲵཊњ᭯ᓌᵪᶴDŽ൘ѝཞቲ䶒ˈ᭯ᓌ઼ᙫ⨶亱ᐳ⌅Ԕǃ⌅㿴઼ᵪ‫⨶㇑ˈࡦ‬㜭Ⓚ⍫ࣘˈᢩ߶㜭Ⓚਁኅᡈ⮕ǃ㿴‫ߣˈࡂ‬ᇊ㜭Ⓚ‫〾ޣ‬ǃབྷර亩ⴞᡆ䟽㾱亩ⴞⲴ᭯ㆆDŽ൘᭯ᓌ‫޵‬䜘ˈ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ⴤ᧕䍏䍓оवᤜ⭥࣋㹼ъ൘‫޵‬Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ⍫ࣘDŽަ㙼䍓ྲл˖аᱟੁᙫ⨶ᨀӔഭᇦਁኅᡈ⮕઼㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘䇑‫ࡂ‬2ˈ‫ަ׋‬ᇑᢩˈᒦᇎᯭ䈕ᡈ⮕઼䇑‫˗ࡂ‬ҼᱟՐ䗮᭯ᓌ઼ᙫ⨶亱ᐳⲴ⌅Ԕ઼‫ߣ‬ᇊⲴᤷሬᇎᯭ᮷Ԧ˗йᱟ൘ަᦸᵳлਁᐳḷ߶ǃ⌅㿴઼ᢰᵟᡆ㓿⍾Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬㿴㤳˗ഋᱟ㇑⨶઼㿴㤳㜭Ⓚ⭏ӗ઼֯⭘˗ӄᱟ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ઼ᇎᯭ⭥࣋ᐲ൪⴨‫⌅ޣ‬㿴˗‫ޝ‬ᱟ㓴㓷‫ࡦ‬ᇊ䴦୞⭥ԧ઼ᔰኅ⴨‫⹄ޣ‬ウˈᨀࠪ⭥ԧᵪ‫઼᭯ࡦ‬ㆆᒦᣕ᭯ᓌᇑᢩ˗гᱟ‫ߣ‬ᇊਁ⭥ԧṬⲴṶ઼ᷦ䖵ࣙᴽ࣑䍩DŽ22017ᒤ11ᴸ24ᰕ⭏᭸Ⲵ㿴‫⌅ࡂ‬㿴ᇊҶєњᙫփ㿴‫˖ࡂ‬ഭᇦ㔬ਸ㜭Ⓚᙫփ㿴‫ਁ࣋⭥઼ࡂ‬ኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬DŽ33䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘൘䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ㙼㜭⭡䎺ই⭥઼࣋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚተ઼䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተ䍏䍓DŽ䎺ই⭥઼࣋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚተ൘⭥઼࣋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亶ฏ㙼䍓ྲл˖аᱟ䍏䍓߶઼༷㓴㓷⭥࣋ਁኅᡈ⮕Ⲵ䇴ՠ˗Ҽᱟ䇑‫ࡂ‬ሶ䎺ইⲴ⭥࣋㌫㔏о䈕ൠ४ަԆഭᇦ䘎᧕䎧ᶕˈᒦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊഭᇦਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ䇑‫˗ࡂ‬йᱟਁᐳ䇑‫ࡂ‬ѝⲴ⭥࣋亩ⴞ␵অˈԕ੨ᕅᔪ䇮ᣅ䍴ᒦሩަᇎᯭ䘋㹼㇑⨶˗ഋᱟᨀࠪ᭩䘋⭥࣋㌫㔏㇑⨶઼䘀㹼Ⲵ䀓‫ᯩߣ‬Ṹ˗ӄᱟᤷሬǃ䇑‫઼ࡂ‬啃࣡ሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴᣅ䍴DŽ䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተ䙊䗷ԕлᯩᔿᑞࣙ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘䜘䮯㿴㤳⭥࣋⍫ࣘ˖аᱟ亱ਁ⭥࣋㓿㩕䇨ਟ䇱˗Ҽᱟᇑḕਁ⭥઼⭥ᢩ࣋ਁԧṬԕ৺⭥࣋Ր䗃ǃ‫࠶‬䝽઼ᴽ࣑䍩ⲴṶᷦˈ䘉ӋṶᷦ⭡⭥࣋⭏ӗঅս߶༷ᒦ⭡䈕䜘䰘ᢩ߶઼ਁᐳ˗йᱟ㾱≲䜘䮯ਁᐳ‫ޣ‬Ҿ‫ࡦ‬ᇊǃᇑḕǃ㧧ਆ৽侸઼ᢩ߶䴦୞⭥ԧⲴ㿴ᇊ˗ഋᱟ㕆‫ࡦ‬ᴹ‫ޣ‬ᔪ・઼㇑⨶ㄎҹᙗ⭥࣋ᐲ൪⍫ࣘⲴ‫ߣ‬ᇊǃ⌅㿴઼ᤷইDŽ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒǃ䎺ই⋩≄䳶ഒ઼䎺ই➔⛝ⸯъ䳶ഒᱟ䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵйབྷഭᴹ‫ޜ‬ਨˈйᇦ‫ޜ‬ਨ‫࡛࠶‬൘㜭Ⓚ㹼ъⲴ⭥࣋ǃ⸣⋩઼ཙ❦≄йབྷ亶ฏѝ䘀㩕DŽ䘉Ӌ‫ޜ‬ਨਇ䎺ইԱъഭᴹ䍴ᵜ㇑⨶ငઈՊⴤ᧕᧗‫ࡦ‬ᒦੁ䈕ငઈՊᣕ੺ˈնᆳԜ൘уъቲ䶒кਇ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘Ⲵᤷ⽪઼ᤷሬDŽ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒᱟањ඲ⴤᮤਸⲴ‫⭘ޜ‬һъ‫ޜ‬ਨˈնަⴞ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵԫ઼࣑㔃ᶴ↓൘ਁ⭏ਈॆˈ䘉ᱟ㠚2015ᒤᐖਣᔰ࿻Ⲵ⭥࣋䜘䰘‫࠶‬᣶Ⲵ㔃᷌DŽ❦㘼ˈ‫ࡠ‬2019ᒤˈ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒӽ❦ᱟঅаҠᇦ˄䙊䗷ަᆀ‫ޜ‬ਨ“⭥࣋Ӕ᱃‫ޜ‬ਨ”ᢗ㹼˅ˈᤕᴹᴰབྷⲴਁ⭥䟿ˈᒦ‫ޘ‬䍴ᤕᴹഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨ઼5ᇦ䝽⭥‫ޜ‬ਨ˄⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨ˅DŽ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒ2019ᒤⲴਁ⭥䟿ঐ䎺ই‫⭥ޘ‬㖁ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ53%ˈትѫሬൠսDŽަ։Ⲵਁ⭥䟿ᶕ㠚ަԆഭᴹ‫ޜ‬ਨ/䳶ഒ˄䎺ই⋩≄䳶ഒǃ䎺ই➔⛝ⸯъ䳶ഒ˅ǃཆഭᣅ䍴㘵˄䙊䗷ᔪ䇮—䘀㩕—〫Ӕ䇑‫઼˅ࡂ‬ഭ‫⿱޵‬Ӫᣅ䍴㘵˄䙊䗷⤜・⭥࣋⭏ӗ୶䇑‫˅ࡂ‬DŽ䘉Ӌ⭥লṩᦞ䮯ᵏ⭥࣋䍝Ҡॿ䇞ᡆ䙊䗷⧠䍗ᐲ൪ੁ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒࠪ୞⭥࣋DŽ֌Ѫ㌫㔏઼ᐲ൪䘀㩕㘵Ⲵഭᇦ䍏㦧䈳ᓖѝᗳҏ䳦኎Ҿ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒDŽ䲿⵰䎺ই䖜ੁ䴦୞⭥࣋ᐲ൪ˈ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒሶ㓿শᴤཊⲴ᭩䶙DŽ34മ4.1.9䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ‫ࡦ‬ᓖᆹᧂ˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞ䱞∿㜑Ⲵlj䎺ইⲴᲪ㜭⭥㖁——ᐲ൪ᔰਁǃṶ઼ᷦ亩ⴞ⽪ֻNJᮤ⨶˅˄й˅䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞᭯ㆆл䶒ᱟሩо䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘൘‫׳‬䘋⑙ᇔ≄փվᧂ᭮䖜රѝᴰ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ᭯ㆆⲴᙫ㔃˖xlj㠣2030ᒤ䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅᡈ⮕˖2050ᒤᝯᲟNJDŽx㔯㢢໎䮯ഭᇦᡈ⮕DŽx䎺‫ޡ‬ѝཞ᭯⋫ተㅜ55ਧ‫ߣ‬䇞“ᴹ‫ࡠޣ‬2030ᒤ઼䘌ᵏኅᵋ㠣2045ᒤ䎺ইഭᇦ㜭Ⓚਁኅᡈ⮕”DŽx䎺ইᙫ⨶൘COP26кᨀࠪⲴ䎺ইഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞઼൘2050ᒤᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮ǃ21ц㓚40ᒤԓ䙀↕␈⊠➔⛝Ⲵᇓ੺DŽxlj䎺ইഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2021—2030˅NJ˄ㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˅ࡂ‬DŽlj㠣2030ᒤ䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅᡈ⮕˖2050ᒤᝯᲟNJ˖䈕᭯ㆆ㓿2015ᒤ11ᴸ25ᰕ䙊䗷Ⲵㅜ2068/Q0-TTgਧ‫ߣ‬ᇊᢩ߶ˈᰘ൘䀓‫ߣ‬ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ䰞仈[33]DŽ䈕᭯ㆆ䘈㿴ᇊҶ‫ޣ‬Ҿ✝㜭֯⭘Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚⴞḷˈᒦ䇘䇪Ҷᇎ⧠䘉ӋⴞḷⲴᵪ‫઼᭯ࡦ‬ㆆˈަѝवᤜਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䝽仍ḷ߶Ⲵ䜘㖢ˈԕ৺к㖁⭥ԧ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞⲴަԆ◰࣡᧚ᯭDŽ❦㘼ˈᆳ㕪ѿሩаӋ⺞‫؍‬ᴹ᭸ᮤਸབྷփ䟿ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞⲴᢰᵟ᧚ᯭⲴ䇘䇪ˈྲۘ㜭䘹ᤙǃᇩ䟿ᐲ൪઼䖵ࣙ35ᴽ࣑DŽ䎺‫ޡ‬ѝཞ᭯⋫ተㅜ55ਧ‫ߣ‬䇞[34]˖䈕‫ߣ‬䇞䟽⭣Ҷሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ᢯䈪ˈᕪ䈳Ҷ‫ࡦ‬ᇊケ⹤ᙗᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬啃઼࣡‫׳‬䘋ᔰਁ઼֯⭘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᴯԓॆ⸣㜭Ⓚˈᒦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶ䙀↕␈⊠➔⛝Ⲵ䐟㓯മDŽަ䇮ᇊⲴⴞḷᱟਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘а⅑㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄᙫ䟿ѝⲴԭ仍‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬15%̚20%ˈ‫ࡠ‬2045ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬25%̚30%DŽ㔯㢢໎䮯ഭᇦᡈ⮕[35]˖䈕ᡈ⮕ᰘ൘᭩ਈഭᇦⲴਁኅ䚃䐟ˈ‫߿‬ቁሩ㠚❦䍴ⓀⲴ‫׍‬䎆ˈԕ৺ᨀ儈⭏ӗ઼࣋‫؍‬ᣔ⧟ຳDŽሩ↔ˈ䈕ᡈ⮕‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶйњ‫ޣ‬䭞ԫ࣑˖‫߿‬ቁ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮ǃ㔯ॆ⭏ӗ઼㔯ॆ⭏⍫ᯩᔿDŽ䈕ᡈ⮕Ⲵᰦ䰤䐘ᓖӾ2011ᒤ㠣2030ᒤᒦ䶒ੁ2050ᒤDŽ2014ᒤˈ䎺ইᙫ⨶ᢩ߶Ҷᇎᯭ2014ᒤ㠣2020ᒤ㔯㢢໎䮯ഭᇦᡈ⮕Ⲵ㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬DŽ䎺ই䇑‫ࡂ‬ᣅ䍴䜘↓൘‫ࡦ‬ᇊ2021ᒤ㠣2030ᒤⲴ㹼ࣘ䇑‫ˈࡂ‬䢤Ҿᴰ䘁‫ޣ‬Ҿᗚ⧟㓿⍾Ⲵ䇘䇪ˈ䘉а䘋〻੨ᕅҶ਴࡙⳺⴨‫ᯩޣ‬Ⲵᴤཊ‫⌘ޣ‬DŽ䎺ইഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞˖൘2015ᒤᐤ哾Ѯ㹼Ⲵlj㚄ਸഭ≄‫ى‬ਈॆṶᷦ‫ޜ‬㓖NJㅜ21⅑㕄㓖ᯩབྷՊкˈ䎺ই઼ަԆഭᇦ↓ᔿㆮ㖢Ҷljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJˈ᢯䈪䙊䗷ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞亴Ṹ‫߿‬ቁ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮DŽ䎺ইⲴഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞亴Ṹ[36]ሶ‫߿‬㕃ⴞḷ䇮ᇊѪ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤ∄ส߶ᛵᲟՠ䇑Ⲵ7.874ӯ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿վ8%ˈ൘ഭ䱵䠁㶽Ⲵ᭟ᤱлᴰ儈ਟ䗮‫ࡠ‬25%ˈԕ৺ᇎ⧠䘉ӋⴞḷⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞䜘䰘઼亴ᵏⲴ‫߿‬ᧂ㹼ࣘDŽ൘2020ᒤᴤᯠⲴഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞᮷Ԧѝˈ䎺ইሶ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮㊫࡛Ⲵ㤳തᢙབྷ‫ࡠ‬वᤜᐕъ䗷〻Ⲵᧂ᭮DŽഐ↔ˈ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿ՠ䇑Ѫ9.279ӯ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿ˈ਼ᰦˈሶ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤ㠚ᝯ⑙ᇔ≄փ‫߿‬ᧂⴞḷᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬9%ˈ㤕ᗇ‫ࡠ‬仍ཆⲴഭ䱵᭟ᤱˈ䘉аⴞḷᴰ儈ਟ䗮27%[37]DŽ䎺ইᴤᯠഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ਾ਴䜘䰘‫߿‬ቁⲴ䍑⥞䟿㿱㺘4.1.2DŽ36㺘4.1.2䎺ইᴤᯠഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ਾ਴䜘䰘‫߿‬ቁⲴ䍑⥞䟿ഭ‫޵‬㠚ѫ䍑⥞ᗇ‫ࡠ‬ഭ䱵᭟ᤱⲴ䍑⥞ഭ‫޵‬㠚ѫ઼ഭ䱵᭟ᤱⲴᙫ䍑⥞䜘䰘оส߶ᛵᲟ‫߿‬ቁ䟿оส߶ᛵᲟ‫߿‬ቁ䟿оส߶ᛵᲟ‫߿‬ቁ䟿⴨∄˄%˅˄MtCO2˅⴨∄˄%˅˄MtCO2˅⴨∄˄%˅˄MtCO2˅104.316.7155.8㜭Ⓚ5.551.511.225.83.532.6‫ߌ‬ъ0.76.82.811.92.321.2൏ൠ࡙24.03.633.10.80.98.0⭘ਈॆ1.09.31.3166.827.0250.8઼᷇ъΎᓏᯉ1.09.12.6ᐕъ䗷7.20.10.8〻ਸ䇑9.083.918.0⌘˖“”㺘⽪⑙ᇔ≄փ੨᭦໎࣐DŽ൘㤡ഭṬ᣹ᯟକѮ㹼ⲴCOP26кˈ䎺ইᙫ⨶ᇓᐳҶᴰާ䳴ᗳⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փ‫߿‬ᧂⴞḷˈ‫ࡠ‬2050ᒤሶ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䱽㠣߰䴦ˈᒦ᢯䈪‫ࡠ‬21ц㓚40ᒤԓ䙀↕␈⊠➔⛝DŽ䎺ইᙫ⨶↓൘ᤷሬ⴨‫ޣ‬䜘䰘‫ࡦ‬ᇊ㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬ԕ㩭ᇎ᢯䈪DŽㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˖ࡂ‬ㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫↓ࡂ‬൘к䘠᭯ㆆ઼᢯䈪ᤷሬл䘋㹼ㆩ༷DŽ൘䇴ՠငઈՊ䇔ਟਾˈ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘Ҿ2021ᒤ10ᴸ8ᰕੁᙫ⨶ᨀӔҶlj2021—2030ᒤ䱦⇥઼㠣2045ᒤ䘌Ჟኅᵋഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬NJ‫߶ᢩަ׋‬DŽ㠚2021ᒤ2ᴸㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬൘䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘㖁ㄉ‫ޜ‬ᐳੜਆ‫ޜ‬Շ᜿㿱ԕᶕˈⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᐢ㓿ᱟ䈕㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵㅜй⡸DŽ൘COP26ѻਾˈ䈕⡸ᵜ䘋а↕㓶ॆˈ৽᱐Ҷᙫ⨶൘Պк‫ࠪڊ‬Ⲵ2050ᒤ䗮‫߰ࡠ‬䴦ᧂ᭮Ⲵ᢯䈪DŽ䈕㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵᴰᯠ㥹ṸҾ2022ᒤ4ᴸ27ᰕᨀӔˈᒦᴹᵋᡀѪᴰ㓸㥹ṸDŽㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵѫ㾱‫޵‬ᇩᙫ㔃ྲл˖аᱟᨀӔҶєњ⭥࣋䴰≲ᛵ‫ߥ‬৺ަ⴨ᓄⲴ⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴˈᒦᔪ䇞ሶ儈䴰≲ᛵ‫֌ߥ‬Ѫ䘀㩕䇑‫ˈࡂ‬ԕ⺞‫؍‬ਸ⨶Ⲵ༷ۘ㼅ᓖ˗Ҽᱟ൘สᵜᛵ‫ߥ‬лˈ亴䇑2020—2030ᒤ⭥࣋䴰≲ሶԕ8.6%Ⲵᒤᒣ൷໎䮯⦷Ӿ2020ᒤⲴ2152ӯॳ⬖ᰦ໎䮯‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤⲴ4912ӯॳ⬖ᰦˈ❦ਾ൘2030—2045ᒤᵏ䰤᭮㕃㠣4%ˈ⭥࣋䴰≲൘2045ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬8869ӯॳ⬖ᰦ˗йᱟ൘儈䴰≲ᛵ‫ߥ‬лˈ໎䮯亴䇑Պᴤᘛˈ2020—2030ᒤᵏ䰤37Ⲵᒤᒣ൷໎䮯⦷ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬9.4%ˈ2030—2045ᒤᵏ䰤ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬5.0%DŽ2030ᒤⲴ⭥࣋䴰≲䟿Ѫ5304ӯॳ⬖ᰦˈ2045ᒤሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬11011ӯॳ⬖ᰦ˗ഋᱟѪҶ┑䏣䘉а亴䇑䴰≲䟿˄儈䴰≲ᛵ‫˅ߥ‬ᒦ䚥ᆸ⧟ຳ᢯䈪ˈ䎺ইᵏᵋ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤሶ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㘫а⮚ˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤ‫޽‬㘫а⮚ˈণ⇿10ᒤ㘫а⮚ˈ㿱㺘4.1.3DŽ㺘4.1.3ㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬㥹Ṹ˄2022ᒤ4ᴸ⡸ᵜ˅ᡰ‫⦷࣏ࡇ‬ᇩ䟿㓴ਸ˄‫˅⬖ݶ‬≤⭥˄བྷර઼ሿ202020252030203520402045ර≤⭥ㄉ˅208592679528946336543441435139➔⭥2207073982886737467374673746737467⟳≄ਁ⭥˄ཙ❦1438638830463304633046330≄ǃ⏢ॆཙ❦-1624-15051001950027300≄ǃ≒≄˅538561---55950⟳≄˄‫˅ߠ‬13616-161212600041300⸣⋩8736䘁የ仾⭥઼䱶к7755-700016000385006450033887368736250344789375987仾⭥7755775579321327320679⎧к仾⭥-ཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥9801230309049605210ቻ亦ᔿཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬1272Կਁ⭥70590-245073501755028950ަԆਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ˄⭏⢙䍘ǃ⋬4453500077421024211042≄ǃW2˅ਁ⭥14502700330045004500༷ۘ˄ᣭ≤㫴㜭107599156385218999315929413054≤⭥ǃ⭥⊐ۘ㜭㌫㔏˅䘋ਓ⭥࣋㠚༷⭥ㄉਁ⭥൘㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝˈቔަᱟ2030ᒤਾⲴ㿴‫ࡂ‬ѝ⢩࡛ᕪ䈳Ҷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ˄仾㜭ǃཚ䱣㜭˅DŽ‫ࡠ‬2045ᒤˈ仾⭥઼ཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥Ⲵ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᴹᵋ䗮‫ࡠ‬217ॳ‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬⴨ᖃҾ2020ᒤⲴ12.75‫ؽ‬DŽ٬ᗇаᨀⲴᱟˈ⎧к仾⭥Ӿ2030ᒤᔰ࿻ᣅ‫ˈ⭘֯ޕ‬㻵ᵪᇩ䟿7ॳ‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬㘼‫ࡠ‬Ҷ2045ᒤሶ38◰໎㠣64ॳ‫⬖ݶ‬ԕкDŽ‫ࡠ‬2045ᒤˈवᤜሿර≤⭥ㄉ൘‫޵‬Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿亴䇑ሶঐᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ56%ˈ䘌儈Ҿ2020ᒤⲴ30%DŽަ։㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᶕ㠚བྷර≤⭥ㄉǃ⟳➔⭥ㄉǃ⟳≄⭥ㄉǃ䘋ਓ઼ᒣ㺑Ⓚ˄ᣭ≤㫴㜭≤⭥઼⭥⊐ۘ㜭㌫㔏˅DŽ2020ᒤˈ⟳➔઼⟳≄ਁ⭥䟿ѻ઼ঐ∄ᴰབྷˈ䗮44%ˈն൘㿴‫ࡂ‬ᵏ䰤Պл䱽ˈ2045ᒤ䱽㠣27%DŽ❦㘼ˈӾ㔍ሩ٬ᶕⴻˈ൘2021—2030ᒤⲴ㿴‫ࡂ‬ᵏˈӽᴹ15.4ॳ‫⬖ݶ‬㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᶕ㠚➔⭥ˈ䘉֯ӪԜӾ䍒઼᭯ᢰᵟєњᯩ䶒ሩᵜ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵਟ㹼ᙗӗ⭏ҶᣵᘗDŽㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2022ᒤ4ᴸ⡸˅ᡰ‫ࡇ‬Ⲵ⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴঐ∄ⴞḷ㿱㺘4.1.4DŽ㺘4.1.4ㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2022ᒤ4ᴸ⡸˅ᡰ‫ࡇ‬Ⲵ⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴঐ∄ⴞḷབྷර≤⭥2020202520302045➔⭥24%20.2%15.2%6.7%≄⭥31.3%26.8%24.0%9.1%仾⭥10.5%13.4%24.9%17.8%0.8%12.7%14.8%29.2%ཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥23.4%15.3%10.5%23.4%ަԆਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥6.0%5.7%4.1%3.0%ަԆ˄䘋ਓ઼ᒣ㺑Ⓚ˅4.1%6.0%6.5%10.8%ᵜ㿴‫ࡂ‬亴䇑䎺ই‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤሶ䴰㾱8400з੘➔⛝DŽնᱟ䈕ഭ➔⛝ᒤӗ䟿ӵѪ4000з੘ˈབྷ䜘‫࠶‬䴰㾱‫׍‬䎆䘋ਓDŽ⟳≄ਁ⭥Ⲵ‫ࡽ‬Ჟҏнཏ᰾ᵇˈഐѪ䈕䴰≲ҏ਼ṧ䴰㾱䘋ਓ⟳≄ᶕ┑䏣DŽ਼ᰦˈส⹰䇮ᯭ઼䘋ਓᯩ䶒⌅ᖻส⹰Ⲵ㕪ѿҏ࣐‫ࢗ‬Ҷ䘉а䰞仈DŽㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬䘈㾶ⴆҶ䗃⭥㖁Ⲵᔰਁ˄220ॳԿ৺ԕк˅DŽ500ॳԿ⭥㖁ᱟ䎺ইইे⭥࣋䘀䗃Ⲵ僘ᒢ㌫㔏ˈⴞⲴᱟᇎ⧠४ฏ䰤Ⲵ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃DŽⴞ‫ޡࡽ‬ᴹ3ᶑ500ॳԿ⭥㓯ˈ㓯䐟1઼㓯䐟2ᐢ㓿ᣅ‫ޕ‬䘀㩕ˈ㓯䐟3↓൘ᔪ䇮DŽ220ॳԿ⭥㖁⭘Ҿ४ฏՐ䗃㌫㔏DŽ㺘4.1.5ሩᡚ㠣2020ᒤⲴ䗃⭥㖁ᛵ‫ߥ‬䘋㹼Ҷⴈ⛩DŽ㺘4.1.5䎺ই2020ᒤ䗃⭥㖁ؑ᚟ᶑⴞঅս2020500ॳԿ㓯䐟ॳ㊣8527500ॳԿਈ঻ಘ‫ݶ‬Կᆹ42900220ॳԿ㓯䐟ॳ㊣18477220ॳԿਈ঻ಘ‫ݶ‬Կᆹ6782439ᦞᚹˈ⭡Ҿਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ儈䙏ਁኅ˄ަਁኅ䙏ᓖ儈Ҿlj䎺ইഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2011—2020˅NJ‫؞‬䇒⡸Ⲵ䇑‫ˈ˅ࡂ‬䘁ᒤᶕ䎺ইইे⭥㖁аⴤ༴Ҿ䘀࣋㍗ᕐ⣦ᘱDŽഐ↔ˈㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬䇮ᇊҶл‫ࡇ‬䗃⭥㖁ᔰਁⲴᤷሬᙗ৏‫˖ࡉ‬аᱟ⺞‫؍‬㌫㔏ᆹ‫ޘ‬ਟ䶐䘀㩕ˈᨀ儈ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⑇䘿⦷˗Ҽᱟ൘ᴹ᭸ਸ⨶ᔰਁᖃൠ㜭Ⓚ䍴ⓀⲴส⹰к਼↕ਁኅ⭥Ⓚо⭥㖁ˈՈ‫ݸ‬ᒣ㺑ᖃൠ‫׋‬䴰ˈ൘2021—2030ᒤᵏ䰤ᰐᯠᔪ४ฏ‫޵‬䗃⭥㖁ˈ2031—2045ᒤᵏ䰤䲀‫ࡦ‬䐘४ฏ䗃⭥㖁ᔪ䇮˗йᱟᯠᔪᡆॷ㓗䗃⭥㖁ԕ䗮‫ࡠ‬Nˉ1ḷ߶˄ণ֯൘অњਈ঻ಘᡆ⭥䐟᭵䳌ᰦӽ㜭‫؍‬䇱⭥࣋Ր䗃˅DŽሩ䴰㾱ᔪ䇮ᡆॷ㓗Ⲵ䗃⭥㖁䘋㹼䇴ՠਟԕਁ⧠ˈ2021—2030ᒤᵏ䰤䴰㾱ᯠᔪⲴ䗃⭥㖁ᮠ䟿ᱟ2020ᒤᐢᴹᮠ䟿Ⲵ1.6‫ˈؽ‬2031—2045ᒤᵏ䰤䴰㾱ᯠᔪ਼ṧⲴᮠ䟿ˈն䴰㾱Ⲵਈ঻ಘ∄ᯠ㓯䐟ᴤཊ˄㿱മ4.1.10˅DŽമ4.1.10о2020ᒤ⴨∄ˈ㿴‫ࡂ‬ᵏ䰤䎺ই䴰㾱ᯠᔪⲴ䗃⭥㖁ᛵ‫ߥ‬⌘˖‫ٷ‬䇮2020ᒤ䎺ইⲴ䗃⭥㖁ᮠ䟿Ѫ1DŽ2021—2030ᒤᵏ䰤䴰㾱Ⲵᣅ䍴䍴ᵜՠ䇑Ѫ1465ӯ㖾‫ަˈݳ‬ѝ1010ӯ㖾‫⭘ݳ‬Ҿ⭥Ⓚˈ㓖144ӯ㖾‫⭘ݳ‬Ҿ⭥㖁DŽ2031—2045ᒤᵏ䰤ᡰ䴰Ⲵᣅ䍴ᡀᵜ㾱儈ᗇཊˈՠ䇑Ѫ3460ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬DŽᒣ൷㘼䀰ˈ⇿ᒤᡰ䴰Ⲵᣅ䍴䍴ᵜѪ140ӯ㖾‫ˈݳ‬䘉ᱟ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒᰐ⌅ᆼ‫ޘ‬᢯ਇⲴᐘ仍DŽሩҾ⭥㖁㘼䀰ˈ2021—2030ᒤᡰ䴰ᣅ䍴䍴ᵜѪᒤ൷14.4ӯ㖾‫ˈݳ‬2031—2045ᒤѪᒤ൷12.3ӯ㖾‫ˈݳ‬བྷབྷ儈Ҿഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨ৫ᒤᇎ⧠Ⲵᣅ䍴䍴ᵜ6ӯ㖾‫˄ݳ‬ṩᦞഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨᒤᣕˈ߰ᣅ䍴䍴ᵜѪ127780ӯ䎺ই⴮˅˗ṩᦞഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨ2017ᒤ䍒࣑ᣕ੺ˈҏ儈Ҿഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨⲴ⌘‫޼‬䍴ᵜ˄245960ӯ䎺ই⴮˅DŽ䘉㔉ഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨ40ᨀࠪҶ᥁ᡈDŽ䘉亩ԫ࣑Ⲵѫ㾱㕪⛩ᱟՐ䗃䍩⭘վˈ㓿䗷䘁ᒤᶕⲴ䈳ᮤˈⴞ‫ࡽ‬ԧṬ൘100䎺ই⴮/ॳ⬖ᰦᐖਣDŽᓄሩ䘉а᥁ᡈⲴ䀓‫ᯩߣ‬Ṹѻаᱟ‫ݱ‬䇨⿱㩕䜘䰘ሩ䗃⭥㖁䘋㹼ᣅ䍴DŽ䎺ইlj⭥࣋⌅NJ↓൘䘋㹼‫؞‬䇒ˈԕ֯↔㊫ᣅ䍴ਸ⌅ॆˈᒦф䈕‫؞‬䇒⌅Ṹᐢ㧧ᗇҶഭ≁བྷՊⲴᢩ߶DŽ˄ഋ˅䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞䳌⺽઼᥁ᡈ⭥࣋䴰≲Ⲵ儈໎䮯˖lj䎺ইഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫˄ࡂ‬2011—2020˅NJⲴ‫؞‬䇒⡸亴⍻Ҷ2021—2030ᒤᵏ䰤Ⲵᒤ໎䮯⦷Ѫ8%DŽѪҶ┑䏣䘉а໎䮯䴰≲ˈ䎺ই⭥࣋㌫㔏㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䴰൘2030ᒤ㘫а⮚ˈ‫ࡠ‬2045ᒤ‫޽‬㘫а⮚DŽഐ↔ˈ䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘䶒ѤⲴ᥁ᡈнӵᱟ֯⭘㔯㢢ᢰᵟᴯԓԕॆ⸣㜭ⓀѪส⹰Ⲵণሶ䗮‫⭘֯ࡠ‬ሯભⲴਁ⭥লˈ㘼ф䘈䴰㾱ᯠⲴਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ˈ┑䏣нᯝ໎䮯Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲DŽѪҶ䐥㹼‫ࡠ‬2050ᒤᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮Ⲵ᢯䈪ˈ䎺ই⭥ࣘ⊭䖖Ⲵ֯⭘䟿བྷ䟿໎࣐˄⧠൘ᐢᡀѪ䎻࣯˅ˈަԆ⴨‫ޣ‬亶ฏ⭥≄ॆҏ൘བྷ࣋᧘䘋ˈ࣐‫ࢗ‬Ҷ䎺ই⭥࣋䴰≲儈䙏໎䮯Ⲵᛵ‫ߥ‬DŽ䘉⿽ਁኅ㾱≲ሩ⭥࣋㌫㔏Ⲵਟ㹼ᙗᨀࠪҶᐘབྷ᥁ᡈDŽㅜаˈԕॆ⸣㜭ⓀѪส⹰Ⲵਁ⭥লⴞ‫ࡽ‬൘⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄѝާᴹ䟽㾱ൠսˈঐᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ44%ˈᨀ‫׋‬Ҷ2021ᒤ59%Ⲵਁ⭥䟿ˈަѝ➔⭥ঐ46.3%DŽ↔ཆˈ↓൘ᔪ䇮Ⲵ㓖9ॳ‫⬖ݶ‬ᇩ䟿Ⲵᯠ⟳➔⭥লᐢㆮ㖢Ҷ䍝⭥ॿ䇞ˈഐ↔нਟ㜭᫔䬰DŽㅜҼˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚ䳶ѝ൘ѝ䜘઼ই䜘ㅹ⭥࣋䴰≲䖳վⲴⴱԭˈ䎺ই䴰㾱ॷ㓗⭥㖁ˈሶ䘉Ӌ䍴Ⓚ䗃䘱‫ࡠ‬वᤜे䜘൘‫޵‬Ⲵ䍏㦧ѝᗳDŽㅜйˈ䎺ই䴰㾱䜘㖢ᯠᢰᵟˈྲᆈۘᢰᵟ˄⭥⊐ۘ㜭㌫㔏ǃᣭ≤㫴㜭≤⭥ᢰᵟ˅઼⚥⍫Ⲵ⭥Ⓚ˄ྲ‫⟳޵‬ᵪ˅ˈԕ৺ަԆਟԕᮤਸ儈ԭ仍ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ䖵ࣙᴽ࣑ˈ↔ཆˈሩҾ‫࠶‬䝽ᯠ㜭Ⓚ˄ྲ≒઼≘˅DŽᡰᴹ䘉Ӌ䜭ሩᡀᵜᴹᐘབྷ䴰≲ˈ䘉ҏሬ㠤Ҷ⭥ԧⲴк⏘DŽ❦㘼ⴞ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ䴦୞⭥ԧᖸվ˄ᒣ൷⭥ԧѪ7.5㖾‫/࠶‬ॳ⬖ᰦ˅ˈᒦф൘䗷৫‫ࠐ‬ᒤ‫޵‬ѪҶ᭟ᤱ⽮Պ㓿⍾ਁኅˈ䎺ইⲴ⭥ԧаⴤ‫࡫‬᜿‫؍‬ᤱ൘䖳վ≤ᒣˈ䘉ሩҾᯠ㜭Ⓚ䜘㖢ҏᱟањ᥁ᡈDŽ˄ӄ˅䎺ই㜭Ⓚ઼⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌䇨ཊഭ䱵䍴ࣙ㘵䜭〟ᶱ৲о䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵਸ֌ᔪ䇮DŽл䶒‫ࠪࡇ‬Ҷѫ㾱䍴ࣙ㘵৺ަѫ㾱⍫ࣘDŽц⭼䬦㹼˄WB˅˖ц⭼䬦㹼൘㜭Ⓚ亶ฏⲴ亩ⴞ⎹⤾⭊ᒯDŽоަԆࠪ䍴ᯩаṧˈ⭡Ҿᇈᯩਁኅᨤࣙ⌅㿴Ⲵਈॆᴹ᭸ൠ䲀‫ࡦ‬Ҷ䍧Ⅾˈ⢩࡛ᱟሩ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒⲴ䍧Ⅾˈᡰᴹᖃ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵц41⭼䬦㹼亩ⴞ䜭ᱟสҾᢰᵟᨤࣙⲴ䎐Ⅾˈу⌘Ҿᮠᦞ‫᷀࠶‬ǃ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃ᭯ㆆ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ઼ᇓՐDŽ3ᴤ䟽㾱Ⲵᱟˈц⭼䬦㹼аⴤ⌘䟽‫׳‬䘋㜭Ⓚ㹼ъੁվ⻣ᯩੁⲴ䖜ර઼ᵪᶴ᭩䶙˄ԕ‫׳‬䘋䈕㹼ъⲴ䮯ᵏ䍒࣑ਟᤱ㔝ᙗ˅DŽ䈕㹼ъⴞ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ亩ⴞ઼䇑‫ࡂ‬वᤜ˖x䗃⭥᭸⦷亩ⴞ˖वᤜᢰᵟᨤࣙ‫޵‬ᇩⲴ䍧Ⅾ亩ⴞˈо䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒ઼ഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨਸ֌ॷ㓗઼ᢙኅ䗃⭥ส⹰䇮ᯭDŽxᐕъ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᨀ儈亩ⴞ˖䎐Ⅾ઼䍧Ⅾ亩ⴞˈо䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ਸ֌ᨀ儈ᐕъ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷DŽxᐕъ仾䲙‫࠶‬ᣵᵪ‫ࡦ‬Ⲵ㔯㢢≄‫ى‬ส䠁㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷亩ⴞ˖䎐Ⅾ઼สҾ䍧ⅮⲴ亩ⴞˈо䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘઼୶ъ䬦㹼ਸ֌ˈѪ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᣅ䍴ᨀ‫׋‬䍧ⅮDŽx⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨؑ⭘䇴㓗亩ⴞ˖䎐Ⅾˈ⭘Ҿॿࣙ䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒ઼ަԆഭᴹESI‫ޜ‬ਨ㧧ᗇؑ⭘䇴㓗ˈ֯ަ㜭ཏӾഭ䱵٪‫ਁࡨ‬㹼ѝӗ⭏ᣅ䍴䍴ᵜDŽxਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㔈മ˄仾㜭ǃ‫ݹ‬Կǃ≤㜭ǃ⭏⢙䍘㜭˅亩ⴞ˖о䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒਸ֌Ⲵ亩ⴞˈ⭘ҾҶ䀓䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䍴ⓀⲴ▌࣋DŽx‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥᣽আ䇮䇑оᇎᯭ亩ⴞ˖о䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ਸ֌ˈ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥᣽আⲴ⌅㿴DŽx⏢ॆཙ❦≄ᡈ⮕亩ⴞ˖о䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ਸ֌DŽxѪ䎺ই‫ࡦ‬ᇊ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ⴞḷ઼ᕪ‫ࡦ‬ᙗ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷‫ࡦ‬ᓖ亩ⴞ˖о䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ਸ֌DŽx⭥࣋㹼ъᔰਁ᭯ㆆ㌫‫ࡇ‬亩ⴞ˖о䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተਸ֌ˈ᭟ᤱ⭥ᢩ࣋ਁᐲ൪ⲴᔰਁDŽx⭥࣋㹼ъᔰਁ᭯ㆆ㌫‫ࡇ‬亩ⴞ˖о䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተਸ֌䘋㹼ᴰ㓸⭘ᡧ⭥䍩Ӕ৹㺕䍤‫᷀࠶‬DŽx⭥ࣘӔ䙊亩ⴞ˖ᔰਁ⭥ࣘӔ䙊ⲴഭᇦṶᷦDŽx⎧к仾⭥䐟㓯മ઼ᇎᯭ᭟ᤱ亩ⴞ˖⎧к仾⭥ᔰਁDŽx⭥࣋㹼ъᔰਁ᭯ㆆ㌫‫ࡇ‬亩ⴞDŽx㘱᥍˖䎺ইӂ㚄ӂ䙊亩ⴞ–⭘Ҿࠪਓ䗷‫࢙‬Ⲵ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿DŽ֌Ѫ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒⲴѫᑝˈц⭼䬦㹼䘈৲оҶ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ‫޵‬䍴ࣙ㘵Ⲵॿ䈳ᐕ֌DŽ3䲔Ҷо䎺ই⭥࣋䳶ഒ৺ഭᇦ⭥࣋Ր䗃‫ޜ‬ਨਸ֌Ⲵ䗃⭥㓯䐟᭩䘋䚇⮉亩ⴞˈԕ৺о䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘઼୶ъ䬦㹼ਸ֌Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷᭟ᤱ亩ⴞDŽ42ഭ䱵䠁㶽‫ޜ‬ਨ˄IFC˅˖ഭ䱵䠁㶽‫ޜ‬ਨ൘䎺ইᤕᴹ䟽㾱Ⲵ亩ⴞ㓴ਸˈ⎹৺ᣅ䍴૘䈒઼ੁ⿱㩕䜘䰘ᨀ‫׋‬䠁㶽ӗ૱DŽަѝवᤜ˖xਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䜘㖢Ⲵⴤ᧕亩ⴞ㶽䍴ˈवᤜ≤⭥˄⧟ຳǃ⽮Պ઼‫ޜ‬ਨ⋫⨶仾䲙䖳վⲴሿර≤⭥ㄉ˅ǃ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥˄བྷර‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ઼ቻ亦ᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ˅઼仾⭥˄䱶к仾⭥઼⎧к仾⭥˅DŽx᭟ᤱ䈕㹼ъⲴѝӻᵪᶴˈवᤜੁ䬦㹼ᨀ‫׋‬㔯㢢亩ⴞ䍧Ⅾ˄7ӯ㖾‫઼˅ݳ‬᭟ᤱ俆⅑ਁ㹼㔯㢢٪‫ࡨ‬DŽxо㘱᥍䘋㹼ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ᔰਁԕࠪਓਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ˖䢤Ҿ⧟ຳǃ⽮Պ઼‫ޜ‬ਨ⋫⨶仾䲙ˈн㘳㲁≤⭥ˈ㘼䘹ᤙ仾⭥઼‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥DŽx⏢ॆཙ❦≄㹼ъሩ㝡≄䇮ᯭ઼ਁ⭥লⲴ᭟ᤱˈवᤜਟ㹼ᙗ⹄ウDŽӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼˄ADB˅˖ӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼൘䎺ইᴹᒯ⌋Ⲵ亩ⴞ㓴ਸˈቭ㇑оц⭼䬦㹼аṧˈᴰ䘁ሩ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵ䍧Ⅾਇ‫ࡠ‬оᇈᯩਁኅᨤࣙ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ᭯ㆆਈॆⲴ䲀‫ࡦ‬DŽഐ↔ˈӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼ᴤཊൠሶ䟽⛩᭮൘䙊䗷⿱㩕䜘䰘ᵪᶴ˄⿱㩕䜘䰘ъ࣑ተ˅ԕ୶ъ࡙⦷ᨀ‫׋‬䍧ⅮDŽѫ㾱㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ亩ⴞवᤜ˖x⭥࣋Ր䗃ᣅ䍴䇑‫——ࡂ‬Tranche3DŽx⋣‫઼޵‬㜑ᘇ᰾෾ᐲ䗃⭥ᔰਁ䜘䰘亩ⴞDŽx⭥࣋䜘䰘᭩䶙㿴‫ࡂ‬DŽxབྷ⑴‫⋣ޜ‬ਟᤱ㔝⭥࣋䜘䰘ਁኅⲴ㔬ਸ䍴Ⓚ㿴‫઼ࡂ‬ᡈ⮕⧟ຳ䇴ՠDŽxॿ䈳བྷ⑴‫⅑⋣ޜ‬४ฏ⭥࣋㌫㔏ԕ‫׳‬䘋४ฏ⭥࣋䍨᱃DŽx䎺ই˖෾ᐲĀᓏᔳ⢙‫ࡠ‬㜭Ⓚ”亩ⴞDŽxьইӊ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘ਁኅǃᣅ䍴㿴‫઼ࡂ‬㜭࣋ᔪ䇮䇮ᯭDŽx䎺ই‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥᣽আ䈅⛩亩ⴞDŽᗧഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴ˄GIZ˅˖ᗧഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴ൘䎺ইᤕᴹབྷ䟿ᴹ‫ى≄ޣ‬ਈॆ䘲ᓄ઼⭏⢙ཊṧᙗǃ㙼ъᢰᵟᮉ㛢оษ䇝ǃ㜭Ⓚ઼ਟᤱ㔝㓿⍾ਁኅᯩ䶒Ⲵ䇑‫ࡂ‬亩ⴞˈ਴㊫亩ⴞ‫ޡ‬䳷֓Ҷ240։਽ઈᐕDŽ2013ᒤԕᶕˈ㜭Ⓚᐢ㓿ᡀѪՈ‫ݸ‬亶ฏ˗㠚2017ᒤ䎧ˈ㜭ⓀҏᡀѪѫ仈ਸ֌亶ฏDŽ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ䇑‫ࡂ‬㾶ⴆᒯ⌋ˈ䟽⛩‫⌘ޣ‬㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀˈवᤜᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ43⭏⢙㜭Ⓚǃቻ亦ᔿ‫ݹ‬Կǃ≤ӗޫ⇆ǃ‫ߌ‬ъ‫ݹ‬Կ㌫㔏઼䮯ᵏ㜭Ⓚ䖜රDŽ⧠ᴹ亩ⴞवᤜ˖xਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷Ც㜭⭥㖁˖वᤜ∄䖳ഭ䱵䙊⭘ᢰᵟ઼ᵜൠᢰᵟⲴᙗ㜭ǃᔰਁ䴰≲૽ᓄⲴ⌅ᖻṶᷦˈԕ৺㜭࣋ᔪ䇮DŽxਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷˄4E˅ˈㅜҼ䱦⇥઼ㅜй䱦⇥˖䘋а↕ᔰਁਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᣅ䍴Ⲵ⌅ᖻ઼ⴁ㇑‫ߣݸ‬ᶑԦ઼⴨‫ޣ‬㜭࣋ˈԕ৺䘋а↕໎ᕪᇎᯭ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ㜭࣋DŽxᔪㆁ⢙㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷䇑‫ࡦ˖ࡂ‬ᇊⴁ㇑Ṷᷦᒦ᭟ᤱ‫ࡋ‬ᔪ◰࣡㌫㔏ˈࣘઈ⿱㩕䜘䰘ሩᔪㆁ⢙㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷䘋㹼ᣅ䍴ˈᒦѪ⿱Ӫᣅ䍴㘵ᨀ‫׋‬䮯ᵏ㿴‫؍ࡂ‬䳌DŽx⭏⢙㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞ˖⹄ウ⭏⢙㜭Ⓚ൘ਁ⭥઼‫✝׋‬ѝⲴ֌⭘DŽxѪьইӊᨀ‫׋‬ਟ䍏ᣵⲴᆹ‫ޘ‬Ⲵ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ˖у⌘Ҿᮤњൠ४ੁᴤ␵⌱ǃᴤਟᤱ㔝Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъⲴᴤᒯ⌋䖜රDŽ↔ཆˈᗧഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴⲴᐢ䇑‫ࡂ‬亩ⴞवᤜ˖xཚ䱣㜭≤ӗޫ⇆Ṇ᚟ൠ˖Ѫ≤ӗޫ⇆ᔰਁཚ䱣㜭ᢰᵟDŽx୶⭘઼ᐕъ⭘ቻ亦ᔿཚ䱣㜭˖ⴁ㇑ṶᷦⲴᔰਁǃ㜭࣋ᔪ䇮઼ᢰᵟਸ֌DŽx䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䖜ර亩ⴞ˖䈕亩ⴞᰘ൘᭟ᤱо㜭Ⓚ⴨‫ޣ‬ⴞḷⲴᇎᯭ઼ᇎ⧠DŽ❦㘼ˈ⭡Ҿተ䜘‫ߢ‬ケਾᗧഭ᭯ᓌⲴՈ‫ݸ‬һ亩ਁ⭏ਈॆˈᗧഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴਟ㜭Պ‫߿ࡺ‬ᡆ㕙ሿ䘉Ӌ亩ⴞⲴᣅ‫઼ޕ‬㿴⁑DŽ⅗ⴏငઈՊ˄EC˅˖䘁ᒤᶕˈ⅗ⴏငઈՊаⴤ〟ᶱ৲о䎺ই㜭Ⓚ㹼ъˈ਼ᰦ㠚2017ᒤԕᶕᣵԫ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒⲴ㚄ਸਜ䳶ӪDŽ⅗ⴏငઈՊབྷ䜘‫࠶‬䍴䠁䙊䗷ⴤ᧕亴㇇᭟ᤱᨀ‫׋‬㔉䎺ই᭯ᓌˈᶑԦᱟ䗮‫ࡠ‬୶ᇊⲴ㔙᭸ⴞḷDŽަԆⲴᢰᵟᨤࣙᐢṩᦞ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘઼䎺ই⭥࣋ⴁ㇑ተⲴ䴰≲䲿ᰦ䘋㹼ᨀ‫׋‬DŽަѝवᤜሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴Ⲵ᭟ᤱǃሩ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷Ⲵ᭟ᤱˈԕ৺䙊䗷㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷ǃ‫ߌ‬ъо‫ߌ‬ᶁਁኅ䜘ਸ֌᭟ᤱ⋬≄亩ⴞDŽ⅗ⴏငઈՊ䘈᭟ᤱѪ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬䍴Ⓚᔰਁн਼Ⲵ㶽䍴ᯩᔿˈवᤜᰙᵏ亩ⴞᔰਁⲴ㛑ᵳ㶽䍴઼ഭ‫޵‬㔯㢢٪‫ࡨ‬⴨‫ޣ‬ᐕ֌DŽަԆᴤᒯ⌋Ⲵ≄‫⧟઼ى‬ຳ㹼ъ৲о⍫ࣘवᤜ᭟ᤱ㓒ṁ᷇ᚒ༽઼᭟ᤱㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵᡈ⮕⧟ຳ䇴ԧԕ৺⴨‫⧟ޣ‬ຳᖡ૽䇴ՠ⌅㿴ⲴᇎᯭDŽ൘ᔪ亩ⴞवᤜ˖x㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘᭯ㆆ᭟ᤱ䇑‫ˈࡂ‬ԕ࣐ᕪ䎺ই‫ߌ‬ᶁൠ४㧧ᗇਟᤱ㔝㜭ⓀⲴᵪՊ˖䜘䰘᭩䶙ਸ਼˄亴㇇᭟ᤱ˅DŽ˗44x⅗ⴏ˖䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䇮ᯭDŽx᭟ᤱ໎࣐䎺ইⲴ≤࣋ਁ⭥䟿DŽx┑䏣⽮Պሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷Ⲵ䴰≲˖䙊䗷ษ䇝ǃ⹄䇘Պㅹˈ᧘ࣘਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷֌Ѫ䎺ইਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ઼㔯㢢໎䮯ᡈ⮕Ⲵ‫ޣ‬䭞ᐕާ˄E-Enhance˅DŽx᭟ᤱ䎺ই⭥઼࣋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚተԕ৺䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ሩㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬䘋㹼ᡈ⮕⧟ຳ䇴ԧDŽx⭏⢙䍘≄ॆᢰᵟ˖䎺ই‫ߌ‬ᶁൠ४勌⍫‫ߌ‬ӗ૱࣐ᐕ઼ᓏ⢙㇑⨶Ⲵਟᤱ㔝㜭Ⓚ䀓‫ߣ‬ᯩṸDŽx䎺ইਟᤱ㔝㜭Ⓚ䖜රⴤ᧕亴㇇᭟ᤱ䇑‫ࡂ‬ҏ߶༷Ӿ2021ᒤ䎧ᔰ࿻ᇎᯭDŽ䘉वᤜ䟽⛩᧘ᒯ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚˈԕ৺᭟ᤱ䎺ইⲴ㜭Ⓚؑ᚟㌫㔏DŽᰕᵜഭ䱵ॿ࣋ᵪᶴ˄JICA˅˖ᰕᵜഭ䱵ॿ࣋ᵪᶴ䙊䗷ᰕᵜഭ䱵ਸ֌䬦㹼䘀֌ˈаⴤԕᶕ䜭ᱟ䎺ই⭥࣋㹼ъᴰབྷⲴഭཆ䍧Ⅾᯩˈަਁ᭮Ⲵ䍧Ⅾवᤜ⭘Ҿਁኅ✝⭥লǃ≤⭥ㄉ઼䗃⭥㌫㔏ㅹਁ⭥ᇎփⲴѫᵳ䍧Ⅾˈԕ৺ⴤ᧕ੁ䈕㹼ъⲴ⿱㩕‫ޜ‬ਨᨀ‫׋‬Ⲵ䶎ѫᵳ䍧Ⅾˈᴰ䘁ѫ㾱⭘Ҿਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞDŽਖཆˈᰕᵜഭ䱵ॿ࣋ᵪᶴ䘈ੁ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ᨀ‫׋‬ᢰᵟᨤࣙˈ⭘Ҿᔰਁ㜭Ⓚ㇑⨶㌫㔏ˈᒦੁ䎺ই㠚❦䍴Ⓚо⧟ຳ䜘ᨀ‫׋‬ᢰᵟᨤࣙˈᔰਁ⭘Ҿഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞⍱〻Ⲵⴁ⍻ǃᣕ੺оṨḕ㌫㔏DŽⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬ᰕᵜഭ䱵ॿ࣋ᵪᶴ↓൘ሩ䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘䘋㹼ᮠᦞ᭦䳶䈳ḕˈԕ⺞ᇊਸ䘲Ⲵ䗃䝽⭥亩ⴞˈ‫׳‬䘋䎺ইѝই䜘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞⲴਁኅDŽ൘оᰕᵜഭ䱵ॿ࣋ᵪᶴⲴ䇯䈸ѝᵚᴮᨀ‫ࡠ‬Ⲵᱟˈᰕᵜഭ䱵ਸ֌䬦㹼㔗㔝৲оҶཊᇦ⟳➔⭥লⲴ㶽䍴ˈवᤜ༷ਇҹ䇞Ⲵ≨ᰲ1ਧ઼2ਧ⟳➔✝⭥লDŽ亴䇑䘉єњ亩ⴞ䜭ሶ‫׍‬䎆䘋ਓ➔⛝ˈն⭡Ҿ䈸‫ࡔ‬Ⲵᔦ䮯઼Ѫ亩ⴞㆩ䳶䍴䠁Ⲵ䰞仈ˈ䘉єњ亩ⴞ䜭㻛᧘䘏ҶDŽ㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢˄USAID˅˖㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢аⴤ᭟ᤱ䮯ᵏ㜭Ⓚᡈ⮕ᔰਁˈवᤜ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ෾ᐲ㜭Ⓚ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬Ӿ෾ᐲа㓗‫߿‬ቁሩ➔⛝Ⲵ‫׍‬䎆ǃ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼⏢ॆཙ❦≄ᓄ⭘ǃᨀॷᐕъ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷DŽ෾ᐲ㜭Ⓚ㿴‫ࡂ‬वᤜᨀ‫࠶׋‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ⭏ӗ઼ᆈۘǃ䴰≲૽ᓄ઼⭥ࣘ⊭䖖DŽ㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢䘈ሩ⿱㩕䜘䰘৲о㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ㔉Ҹᴤᒯ⌋Ⲵ᭟ᤱDŽ⧠ᴹ亩ⴞवᤜ˖x䎺ইվᧂ᭮㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ࡂ‬I˖᭟ᤱ䎺ই᭯ᓌᔰਁ઼ᇎᯭ䮯ᵏ㜭Ⓚᡈ⮕ˈࣘઈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭45Ⓚ亶ฏⲴ⿱Ӫᣅ䍴ˈԕ৺ᨀ儈ᐕъ㜭᭸ਸ㿴ᙗDŽx䎺ইվᧂ᭮㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ࡂ‬II˖䈳ࣘሩ‫ݸ‬䘋㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏䜘㖢Ⲵᣅ䍴ˈᨀ儈⭥࣋㌫㔏⚥⍫ᙗ઼ᨀ儈ㄎҹ࣋ˈ᭟ᤱ䎺ই㜭Ⓚ㹼ъੁ␵⌱ǃᆹ‫઼ޘ‬ᐲ൪傡ࣘⲴᯩੁ䖜රDŽx䎺ই෾ᐲ㜭Ⓚᆹ‫˄ޘ‬VUES˅˖оወ⑟ᐲ઼㜑ᘇ᰾ᐲਸ֌᭩ழ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ䜘㖢઼ᣅ䍴Ⲵᴹ࡙⧟ຳˈ᭟ᤱ䟷⭘‫ࡋ‬ᯠ㜭Ⓚ䀓‫ᯩߣ‬Ṹˈ啃࣡ሩ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ䀓‫ᯩߣ‬ṸⲴ⿱Ӫᣅ䍴DŽ㚄ਸഭᔰਁ䇑‫ࡂ‬㖢˄UNDP˅˖㚄ਸഭᔰਁ䇑‫ࡂ‬㖢䮯ᵏ৲о㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷亩ⴞˈवᤜ㺇䚃➗᰾ǃᔪㆁ⢙઼ѝሿරԱъˈԕ৺ᴤᒯ⌋ൠ᭟ᤱਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ㹼ъਟᤱ㔝ᙗ⴨‫ޣ‬ᐕ֌DŽሩ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷Ⲵ᭟ᤱ䳶ѝ൘ѝሿරԱъ˄оᗧഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴਸ֌ሩѝሿරԱъⲴ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷䘋㹼㶽䍴˅ǃ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ḷ߶‫ࡦ‬ᇊǃ⭥ಘ䇔䇱઼䇴㓗ǃᐲ᭯LED➗᰾᧘ᒯˈԕ৺оᔪ䇮䜘઼䎺ইഭ≁བྷՊਸ֌ˈ䙊䗷᭩䙐ǃ㜭Ⓚᇑ䇑ǃᔪㆁ㿴㤳઼䇮䇑ḷ߶䘋㹼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᔪ䇮DŽ㚄ਸഭᔰਁ䇑‫ࡂ‬㖢䘈൘оMBI⊭䖖‫ޜ‬ਨਸ֌ᔰਁ⭥ࣘӔ䙊ˈᒦ৲оҶԕл⹄ウ˖аᱟ䎺ই㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬䍴Ⓚᣅ䍴˗Ҽᱟ‫ݹ‬Կ઼仾㜭Ⲵ⭏ભઘᵏ‫ˈ᷀࠶‬䟽⛩ᱟᣕᓏ༴⨶઼എ᭦˗йᱟ᭟ᤱㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ԕ৺ഭ‫޵‬ཆ⿱㩕䜘䰘ሩ䎺ইਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴᣅ䍴DŽ㚄ਸഭᔰਁ䇑‫ࡂ‬㖢䘈ᣵԫ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒⲴ㚄ਸѫᑝDŽ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒ˄VEPG˅˖䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒᱟ䎺ই᭯ᓌ઼ਁኅՉդѻ䰤࣐ᕪৼᯩՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫Ⲵᒣਠˈᰘ൘ԕᴹ᭸ф儈᭸Ⲵᯩᔿ࡙⭘ཆ䜘ሩ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵ᭟ᤱDŽ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒᡀ・Ҿ2017ᒤ6ᴸˈᮤփⴞḷᱟṩᦞഭᇦ⌅ᖻ઼䎺ই࣐‫ޕ‬Ⲵഭ䱵ॿᇊˈࣚ࣋Ѫ䎺ইⲴਟᤱ㔝㜭Ⓚਁኅᨀ‫׋‬ᴹ᭸ф儈᭸Ⲵഭ䱵᭟ᤱDŽ䎺ই㜭ⓀՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫䳶ഒᤷሬငઈՊѫᑝ⭡䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘Ⲵаս‫࢟‬䜘䮯ᣵԫDŽ2017ᒤ6ᴸ21ᰕѮ㹼Ⲵ䈕䳶ഒ儈ቲՊ䇞⺞ᇊҶ䳶ഒ〈Җ䮯ᒦ੟ࣘҶ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ⍫ࣘDŽᐢᡀ・Ⲵᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴वᤜ˖xਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴DŽx㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴DŽx㔃ᶴᙗ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵਁኅ઼᭩䶙˄वᤜ⭥࣋ᐲ൪᭩䶙˅ᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴DŽx㜭Ⓚ㧧ਆᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴DŽx㜭Ⓚᮠᦞ઼㔏䇑ᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴DŽ46⇿њᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴䜭⭡аս䎺ই᭯ᓌԓ㺘઼аսਁኅՉդᯩԓ㺘ᣵԫ㚄ਸѫᑝDŽਟ‫޽‬⭏㜭Ⓚᢰᵟᐕ֌㓴⭡䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ᡆ䎺ই⭥઼࣋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚተᣵԫѫᑝˈ⭡ᗧഭ傫䎺ইབྷ֯侶ᣵԫ㚄ਸѫᑝDŽ㤡ഭཆӔ઼㚄䛖һ࣑䜘˄FCO˅˖ⴞ‫ࡽ‬㤡ഭཆӔ઼㚄䛖һ࣑䜘൘䎺ই㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ৲оⲴ⍫ࣘབྷཊ䳶ѝ൘оCOP26䗮ᡀⲴॿ䇞⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ᭯⋫ᇓՐ亶ฏDŽ㤡ഭཆӔ઼㚄䛖һ࣑䜘৲оҶаӋ䎺ইⲴ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼≄‫ى‬ਈॆ䘲ᓄᯩ䶒Ⲵᐕ֌ˈնѫ㾱ᱟ䙊䗷㜭Ⓚ䖜රငઈՊ৲о㜭Ⓚ䖜රᐕ֌DŽ㜭Ⓚ䖜රငઈՊ䳶᭯ᓌǃ≁䰤⽮ഒ઼⿱㩕䜘䰘ѻ࣋ˈࣚ࣋ᇎ⧠ੁվ⻣㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏Ⲵ‫઼↓ޜ‬ᘛ䙏䖜රDŽ䈕ငઈՊо䎺ইⲴབྷ䜘‫࠶‬ਸ֌䜭䳶ѝ൘ᔰਁվ⻣䙄ᖴǃᨀ儈䎺ইഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞Ⲵ䳴ᗳ≤ᒣˈԕ৺‫ࡦ‬ᇊᕪॆⲴᣅ䍴ⴁ㇑ṶᷦDŽ㑱㦓ส䠁䍴ࣙⲴьⴏվ⻣㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞ䘋㹼ѝⲴّ䇞वᤜ˖xᑞࣙ䎺ইᡀ・ഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ส䠁Պˈ⭘ҾѪঅаᵪᶴᨀ‫׋‬䍴䠁઼ᢰᵟ᭟ᤱˈᒦᑞࣙԆԜᨀ儈䇔䇶DŽ䈕᧚ᯭሶ‫ח‬䟽ҾѪഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ส䠁䇮䇑ਸ䘲Ⲵ㔃ᶴˈᒦቡส䠁ՊⲴӔԈᯩᔿǃ▌൘Ⲵ䍴䠁ᶕⓀˈԕ৺ѫ㾱࡙⳺⴨‫ޣ‬㘵Ⲵ䀂㢢઼䍓ԫᨀ‫׋‬ᔪ䇞DŽx᭟ᤱѪ⭥ࣘ⊭䖖‫ࡦ‬ᇊᴰվ㜭Ⓚᙗ㜭ḷ߶઼ᴰ儈㜭Ⓚᙗ㜭ḷ߶˄䐘傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㔵⭨ǃ㨢ᖻᇮǃ⌠ഭǃ䎺ইⲴ४ฏᙗᐕ֌˅DŽx䟷⭘㜭Ⓚ㇑⨶㌫㔏‫׳‬䘋伏૱侞ᯉ㹼ъᨀॷ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ⴞḷˈᒦ‫׳‬䘋⴨‫ޜޣ‬ਨᨀॷ㔙᭸˄䐘傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㔵⭨ǃ㨢ᖻᇮǃ⌠ഭǃ䎺ইⲴ४ฏᙗᐕ֌˅DŽx᭟ᤱѪ㢲㜭ᴽ࣑‫ޜ‬ਨ‫ࡋ‬ᔪᐲ൪ˈ⭘ԕ൘ഭᴹԱъѝᇎᯭۘ㫴᭟Ԉර㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷亩ⴞ˖䈕亩ⴞሶቍ䈅Ѫ᭯ᓌᵪᶴᔪ・ᯠⲴⴁ㇑〻ᒿˈԕ‫ׯ‬ਸ⌅䟷䍝ᒦо㢲㜭ᴽ࣑‫ޜ‬ਨㆮ䇒ਸ਼ˈ⭘ԕᔰਁǃᇎᯭ઼䍴ࣙഭᴹԱъⲴ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷亩ⴞˈᒦӾ䱽վⲴ㜭Ⓚᡀᵜ˄ۘ㫴˅ѝ㧧ᗇཊᒤԈⅮDŽx᭟ᤱ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘᧘㹼lj2019—2030ᒤഭᇦ㢲㓖儈᭸࡙⭘㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJˈवᤜѪₑ㜦㹼ъᔰਁⴁ⍻ǃᣕ੺оṨḕ㌫㔏ᒦ䘋㹼ส㓯઼ส߶⹄ウˈԕ৺‫ࡦ‬ᇊₑ㜦㹼ъⲴᴰ֣ਟ⭘ᢰᵟᇑḕḷ߶DŽxᔰਁањ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷䈅⛩亩ⴞˈ䈕亩ⴞᓄ⭡аᇦਟኅ⽪ਇ䬦㹼ᣵ‫؍‬Ⲵ᭯ᓌ䰤ॿ䇞઼สҾ亩ⴞⲴ㶽䍴Ⲵ≤⌕ᡆ䫒䫱‫ޜ‬ਨᇎᯭDŽ47ѩ哖ഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢˄DANIDA˅˖ѩ哖൘䎺ইᴹањӄᒤᵏⲴ㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ˈࡂ‬ণ“ѩ哖㜭ⓀՉդ䇑‫ࡂ‬III”DŽ䈕䇑‫ࡂ‬Ⲵⴞḷѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘㿴‫઼ࡂ‬ᨀ‫׋‬ᢰᵟᨤࣙˈॿࣙ䎺ই㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘ੁվ⻣ᯩੁ䖜රDŽ䘉वᤜ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘䮯ᵏ㿴‫ࡂ‬㜭࣋Ⲵᔰਁǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㓣‫࣋⭥ޕ‬㌫㔏㜭࣋Ⲵᔰਁˈԕ৺ᐕъ䜘䰘Ⲵվ⻣ਁኅDŽ㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷˄SNV˅˖㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷Ӿ1995ᒤ䎧ቡᔰ࿻൘䎺ইᔰኅᐕ֌DŽަഒ䱏о਴ഭ‫ٿ‬䘌䍛ഠൠ४Ⲵ⽮ഒǃ᭯ᓌᵪᶴ઼Աъਸ֌ˈԕ໎ᕪᆳԜᴹ᭸⎸䲔䍛ഠⲴ㜭࣋DŽަᐕ֌ѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘㜭Ⓚǃ‫߿‬ቁ⇱઼᷇἞᷇䘰ॆᡰ㠤ᧂ᭮ˈԕ৺ਟᤱ㔝वᇩᙗ‫ߌ‬ъㅹᯩ䶒DŽ൘㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘ˈ㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷о‫ߌ‬ъо‫ߌ‬ᶁਁኅ䜘ਸ֌Ⲵ⋬≄亩ⴞ䶎ᑨᡀ࣏ˈ䙊䗷ᔰਁ୶ъਟ㹼Ⲵ⋬≄ᐲ൪ˈ໎࣐ਟᤱ㔝Ⲵ➗᰾઼‫׋‬᳆ᴽ࣑ˈᒦѪ‫ߌ‬ᶁൠ४Ⲵᇦᓝ✩侚ᨀ‫⟳׋‬ᯉDŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤᆼᡀᰦˈ䈕亩ⴞᐞнཊ᭟ᤱᔪ䙐઼ᆹ㻵Ҷ55000њ⋬≄⊐ˈ⇿ᒤ‫ࡋ‬䙐㓖1000њᐕ֌዇սˈ‫᭮ਁޡ‬Ҷ307зњ⻣ؑ⭘仍ˈӗ⭏Ҷ700з⅗‫ݳ‬Ⲵ᭦‫ˈޕ‬ঐ䈕亩ⴞ䘀㩕ᡀᵜⲴ50%DŽᴰ䘁ˈ㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷ሩ‫ݹ‬Կ‫ߌ‬ъᖸᝏ‫ޤ‬䏓ˈ䘉ᱟа⿽‫ߌ‬ъ⭏ӗ઼ཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥൘਼аඇ൏ൠк⴨㔃ਸⲴ൏ൠ࡙⭘ᯩᔿDŽ֌Ѫㅜа↕ˈ㦧‫ޠ‬ᔰਁ㓴㓷Ҿ2020ᒤ‫ࡍ‬䘋㹼Ҷа亩⹄ウˈԕỰ傼‫ߌ‬ъ‫ݹ‬Կᯩ⌅൘䎺ইⲴ䍒࣑ਟ㹼ᙗ[38]DŽᶕ㠚ѝഭⲴ᭟ᤱ˖ѝഭሩ䎺ই‫ݹ‬ԿⲴᡀ࣏ᴹ䟽㾱ᖡ૽ˈ㓖99%Ⲵ䎺ইᆹ㻵Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥⊐ᶯᶕ㠚ѝഭˈަѝаӋᱟ൘ഭ‫޵‬㓴㻵ⲴDŽ䲔Ҷ䇮༷ѻཆˈѝഭԱъ䘈Ѫ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞᨀ‫׋‬EPC˄ᐕ〻䇮䇑-䟷䍝-ᯭᐕ˅᢯व୶DŽаӋ᢯व୶ᗇ‫ࡠ‬Ҷѝഭ䬦㹼Ⲵ᭟ᤱˈ䘉֯ԆԜ㜭ཏѪ䎺ইⲴ亩ⴞᔰਁ୶ᨀ‫⚥׋‬⍫ⲴԈⅮᰦ䰤㺘ˈᒦ䍻ҸԆԜㄎҹՈ࣯[39]DŽަԆ䍴ࣙ㘵൘㜭Ⓚ亶ฏҏᖸ⍫䏳ˈवᤜ㚄ਸഭᐕъਁኅ㓴㓷ǃ㚄ਸഭ亩ⴞһ࣑㖢ǃ‫ޘ‬⨳㔯㢢໎䮯⹄ウᡰǃᗧഭ༽‫ؑޤ‬䍧䬦㹼ǃ⌅ഭᔰਁ㖢ǃ丙ഭഭ䱵ਸ֌ᵪᶴǃ᜿བྷ࡙傫䎺ইབྷ֯侶઼঒἞๑傫䎺ইབྷ֯侶DŽ‫⨳ޘ‬㔯㢢໎䮯⹄ウᡰѫ㾱৲о‫׳‬䘋Āᓏᔳ⢙‫ࡠ‬㜭Ⓚā亩ⴞ઼ॿࣙ䘉Ӌ亩ⴞਁኅⲴᢰᵟᨤࣙDŽ⢩࡛ൠˈ⌅ഭᔰਁ㖢Ⲵ䍧Ⅾ‫ח‬䟽Ҿ᭩ழ⧠ᴹⲴ≤⭥亩ⴞ઼䗃⭥㓯䐟ˈ㘼ᗧഭ༽‫ؑޤ‬䍧䬦㹼৲оҶཊњ亩ⴞⲴ䍧ⅮˈवᤜᲪ㜭⭥㖁৺䗃䝽⭥㌫㔏ǃ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀᔰਁDŽ㚄ਸഭ亩ⴞһ࣑㖢䘈䙊䗷ᔪ・㜭Ⓚ䖜රՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫ˈ‫׳‬䘋ьইӊᴰབྷⲴॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ໎䮯ᐲ൪˄䎺ইǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼㨢ᖻᇮ˅ѻ䰤Ⲵ㜭࣋ᔪ䇮઼㓿傼‫࠶‬ӛDŽ㜭Ⓚ䖜රՉդ‫ޣ‬㌫о㕄㓖ᯩབྷՊ઼ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞䘋〻ᇶ‫࠷‬⴨‫ˈޣ‬ᰘ൘࣐␡ሩ䘉Ӌ‫׳‬䘋ഭᇦ䖜රⲴᇎ⭘ᯩ⌅઼᭩䶙Ⲵ⨶䀓DŽ48˄‫˅ޝ‬䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴ᭯ㆆ੟⽪สҾԕкᛵ‫ߥ‬ᒦ㘳㲁Ҷѝഭ൘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᯩ䶒Ⲵᔰਁ㜭઼࣋Ո࣯ˈᔪ䇞ѝഭਟӾԕл‫ޝ‬њᯩ䶒৲о䎺ই⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵվ⻣䖜ර˖‡४ฏ⭥㖁ӂ㚄⹄ウ˖ⴞⲴᱟ᧒㍒䐘ຳ⭥࣋䍨᱃ᯩṸˈԕ࣐ᘛ䖜ර䘋〻DŽ䈕亩ⴞሶ㔏ㆩ࡙⭘਴ഭⲴਟ⭘㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚˈ⺞‫؍‬ᡰᴹ৲оഭӂ࡙ӂᜐDŽ⅗⍢Ⲵӂ㚄⭥࣋㖁㔌ᱟަ儈ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀՈ࣯Ⲵањᱮ㪇ⲴֻᆀDŽӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼઼ӊ⍢㜭Ⓚѝᗳ˄⭡㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢ᨀ‫׋‬䍴䠁˅൘䘉ᯩ䶒ᔰኅҶ䈨ཊ⹄ウоቍ䈅DŽ‡㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷ᢗ㹼˖‫࠶‬ӛ൘䘋㹼䜘䰘ส߶⍻䈅ǃ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ઼ᢗ㹼ᴰվ㜭Ⓚᙗ㜭ḷ߶⌅㿴ԕ৺䜘㖢㢲㜭ᴽ࣑‫ޜ‬ਨᶕ᭟ᤱᇎᯭᯩ䶒Ⲵ㓿傼DŽ‡㔯㢢䠁㶽˖䎺ইሶ䴰㾱ᐘ仍䍴䠁ሩਆԓ䗮‫⭘֯ࡠ‬ሯભⲴॆ⸣㜭Ⓚਁ⭥লⲴ㔯㢢ᢰᵟ઼┑䏣ᰕ⳺໎䮯Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲Ⲵᯠӗ㜭䘋㹼ᣅ䍴DŽ䘉ሩ䎺ইᶕ䈤ᱟањᐘབྷⲴ᥁ᡈDŽѪҶ࣐ᘛ䖜ර䘋〻ˈ䎺ই䘛‫࠷‬䴰㾱㧧ᗇՈᜐⲴ㶽䍴ӗ૱DŽ‡⻣ᐲ൪ਁኅ˖䎺ইᐼᵋ⻣ᐲ൪൘2028ᒤ↓ᔿᣅ‫ޕ‬䘀㹼DŽ䈕亩ⴞሶ‫࠶‬ӛ䘀㩕⻣ᐲ൪Ⲵ㓿傼ˈᒦѪᵚᶕⲴᐲ൪৲о㘵ᨀ‫׋‬ᢰᵟ᭟ᤱDŽ㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘Ⲵᧂ᭮൘䎺ই‫ޘ‬ഭᧂ᭮ѝঐѫሬൠսˈަѝਁ⭥઼⎸䍩ঐᴰབྷ∄䟽DŽӾ䘉њᯩ䶒ⴻˈ䈕亩ⴞሶ䪸ሩԱъ઼ᇎփⲴ⭏ӗ઼⎸䍩єњᯩ䶒DŽਸ֌Ⲵᖒᔿਟԕᱟ䎺ইⲴᤷᇊᇎփ˄൘ᵜᛵ‫ߥ‬лѪ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ᭸⦷઼ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ䜘䰘˅оѝഭሩਓঅսѻ䰤Ⲵ㔃ሩᖒᔿDŽ‡➔⛝‫޽‬䘀㩕⹄ウ˖䘉वᤜ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ䖜රᵏ䰤⟳➔ਁ⭥Ⲵ֌⭘઼䘀㩕ᡈ⮕ˈѪӗ㜭᭟Ԉ઼ަԆᐲ൪䘹ᤙ䘋㹼ᢰᵟ㓿⍾㤳ത⭼ᇊˈԕ‫׳‬䘋䟽ᯠ䘀㩕DŽӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼↓൘ᨀࠪањ㜭Ⓚ䖜රᵪ‫ࡦ‬䇑‫⭘ˈࡂ‬Ҿ᭦䍝⟳➔⭥লᒦᨀ‫ࡽ‬㔃ᶏަ䘀㩕ˈն䈕䇑‫ࡂ‬Ⲵਟ㹼ᙗԔӪᣵᗳDŽ᭟ᤱ᧚ᯭवᤜ㓿傼‫࠶‬ӛ઼ᢰᵟ䖜䇙DŽ‡ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄ䬮˖䘉䴰㾱‫ࡦ‬ᇊа亩ᡈ⮕ˈ੨ᕅሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᢰᵟ઼⴨‫ޣ‬ส⹰䇮ᯭⲴᣅ䍴ˈᒦ‫࠶‬ӛᇎᯭ㓿傼DŽⴞḷᱟ䱽վᣅ䍴ᡀᵜˈ਼ᰦѪഭᇦ઼ൠ४‫ࠪڊ‬䘋а↕Ⲵ⽮Պ઼㓿⍾䍑⥞DŽ٬ᗇ⌘᜿Ⲵᱟˈṩᦞㅜ8њഭᇦ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬㥹Ṹˈ䎺ই2045ᒤ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ⲵ⎧к仾⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ѫ64.5ॳ‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬ਟԕ䙊䗷оѝഭሩਓঅս㔃ሩᶕᇎᯭDŽ䎺ইⲴ▌൘ਸ֌Չդवᤜᒣ亪ⴱǃᆱ亪ⴱǃᒯ⋫ⴱ઼ཊҀⴱㅹDŽ䘉Ӌⴱԭሶ㠚ᐡᇊսѪਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀѝᗳDŽྲ᷌㾱䘋㹼ഭᇦቲ䶒Ⲵਸ֌ˈ‫ࡉ‬ᓄо䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘䘋㹼ਸ֌DŽ49ӂȽদᓜቲ㾵Ӑ⭫࣑䜞䰞ք⻩䖢ශṾׁ‫᷆࠼‬ѪҶ൘‫ޘ‬ഭ㤳ത‫޵‬Პ৺㜭Ⓚˈᇎ⧠ਟ䶐઼ਟ䍏ᣵⲴ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄˈᒦੁվ⻣ᧂ᭮䗷⑑ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䴰㾱䈳ࣘབྷ䟿Ⲵ䍴ⓀˈᒦԈࠪᐘབྷⲴࣚ࣋DŽṩᦞljঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJ˄2017ᒤ˅ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᨀࠪҶԕлⴞḷ˖‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤ઼2050ᒤˈ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ∄ֻ‫࠶‬࡛㠣ቁ䗮‫ࡠ‬23%઼31%DŽ൘ഭ䱵䇪උкˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ࡙⭘ᴰᯠⲴഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞᮷Ԧ࣐ᕪҶަ≄‫ى‬᢯䈪˖᢯䈪䙊䗷㠚䓛ࣚ࣋‫߿‬ቁ29%ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ˈᒦ䙊䗷ഭ䱵ਸ֌‫߿‬ቁ41%ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ˈԕᇎ⧠ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⴞḷDŽо↔਼ᰦˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ‫ࡦ‬ᇊҶlj2050ᒤվ⻣઼≄‫༼ى‬৏࣋䮯ᵏᡈ⮕NJˈᰘ൘ᨀ‫׋‬䮯ᵏⲴഭᇦ᭯ㆆᯩੁˈᕪ䈳վ⻣‫߿‬ᧂᛵᲟ઼߰䴦ⴞḷᗵ享оljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⴞḷ‫؍‬ᤱа㠤DŽ↔ཆˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨਁᐳҶlj2021—2030ᒤഭᇦ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄъ࣑䇑‫ࡂ‬NJˈަѝवᤜањվ⻣ᛵᲟˈণ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤᯠ㜭Ⓚ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘40.6ਹ⬖䇑‫ࡂ‬ᯠ໎ਁ⭥ᇩ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬51.6%ˈ䘉ҏ᜿ણ⵰ˈ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈᯠ㜭Ⓚ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝⲴᙫঐ∄ሶ䗮‫ࡠ‬24.8%DŽնᱟˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䘈ਖཆ㿴‫ࡂ‬Ҷ19.5ਹ⬖Ⲵॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ˈަѝ13.8ਹ⬖Ѫ⟳➔ਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊѕ䟽‫׍‬䎆ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚˈ⢩࡛ᱟӽᴹ⋩ส㜭Ⓚ઼⟳➔⭥ল[41]DŽӵ⟳➔⭥লቡ┑䏣Ҷঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ60%ԕкⲴ୶ъ⭥࣋䴰≲DŽቭ㇑ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ‫ޜ‬ᔰ㺘⽪ᢃ㇇࡙⭘ᴤਟᤱ㔝Ⲵ㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ˈնlj2021—2030ᒤഭᇦ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄъ࣑䇑‫ࡂ‬NJᨀ‫ࡠˈࡠ‬2038ᒤˈ‫ޘ‬ഭ47%Ⲵ⭥࣋䴰≲ӽሶ⭡⟳➔⭥ল┑䏣DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ䘈䇑‫ࡂ‬ᢙབྷ2022ᒤ⭘Ҿਁ⭥Ⲵ➔⛝⭏ӗⴞḷDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⴞ‫ࡽ‬ሩվ⻣䖜රⲴ᢯䈪о᭯ㆆ◰࣡ӽ❦н३䝽ˈ⴨࣐ؑᕪഭᇦ᭯ㆆᡈ⮕ᢗ㹼࣋ᓖǃᢦᤱᐲ൪઼ഭ䱵ਸ֌ሶ࣐ᘛ䖜ර䘋〻DŽᵜ᮷ᰘ൘⺞ᇊঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌⲴվ⻣䖜ර䐟ᖴǃ࣐ᘛվ⻣䖜රⲴ䳌⺽઼仾䲙ഐ㍐ˈԕ৺᭟ᤱਟᤱ㔝վ⻣䖜රⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫DŽ˄а˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵ⧠⣦ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᱟьইӊᴰབྷⲴ⭥࣋⎸䍩ഭ઼Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ഭDŽᦞՠ䇑ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿ঐ‫⨳ޘ‬ᙫᧂ᭮䟿Ⲵ7%ᐖਣ[42]DŽṩᦞঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2010ᒤਁᐳⲴljㅜҼ⅑ഭᇦؑ᚟䙊ᣕNJˈ亴ՠঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2005ᒤ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬1.8ਹ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿ˈо2000ᒤ⴨∄ˈ໎࣐Ҷ0.4ਹ੘DŽަѝˈབྷཊᮠᧂ᭮䟿˄63%˅ᱟ൏ൠ࡙⭘ਈॆ઼⌕⛝ൠ৺἞᷇⚛⚮Ⲵ㔃᷌ˈ㘼ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⟳✗ᧂ᭮ӵ㓖ঐᙫᧂ᭮䟿Ⲵ19%DŽമ4.2.1∄䖳Ҷঠᓖቬ㾯ӊоަԆഭᇦⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿DŽ䗷৫ॱᒤѝˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ50ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿໎䮯⴨ሩ䖳儈ˈ儈Ҿц⭼ᒣ൷≤ᒣ઼བྷ䜘‫࠶‬ѝㅹ‫ٿ‬л᭦‫ޕ‬ഭᇦDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊҏᱟ‫⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ⻣ᕪᓖ໎䮯⦷ᴰ儈ⲴഭᇦѻаDŽ䘉֯ᗇঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2010ᒤᡀѪ‫⨳ޘ‬Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿˄ণ֯нवᤜ൏ൠ࡙⭘ਈॆ઼᷇ъ˅ᴰཊⲴഭᇦѻаˈᱟц⭼ㅜॱഋབྷҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ഭDŽമ4.2.1ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䗷৫оᵚᶕ亴⍻Ⲵ⻣ᧂ᭮ᛵ‫ߥ‬1990-2018ᒤˈঠቬⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿˄нवᤜ൏ൠ࡙⭘˅໎࣐Ҷ157%ˈ䗮‫ࡠ‬947MtCO2eDŽӾ㊫࡛ᶕⴻˈ䘉Ӌ໎䮯བྷཊᖂાҾ㜭Ⓚ⴨‫ޣ‬ᧂ᭮Ⲵᤱ㔝໎䮯DŽঠቬᨀࠪⲴ2030ᒤⴞḷᵚ䗮‫ࡠ‬Ā‫ޜ‬ᒣ∄ֻā䍑⥞DŽѪ┑䏣1.5°CĀ‫ޜ‬ᒣ∄ֻā㾱≲ˈঠቬ䴰㾱࣐ᕪަᰐᶑԦⴞḷ઼᭯ㆆˈԕ‫ׯ‬оljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⲴ1.5°C⑙᧗ⴞḷ‫؍‬ᤱа㠤DŽṩᦞঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2016ᒤ1ᴸᨀӔ㔉lj㚄ਸഭ≄‫ى‬ਈॆṶᷦ‫ޜ‬㓖NJ〈Җ༴Ⲵljㅜа⅑єᒤᵏᴤᯠᣕ੺NJˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2012ᒤⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬1.453ਹ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿ˈо2000ᒤ⴨∄ˈ໎࣐Ҷ0.452ਹ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿DŽѫ㾱ᧂ᭮Ⓚᱟ൏ൠ࡙⭘ਈॆ઼᷇ъˈवᤜ⌕⛝ൠ⚛⚮˄47.8%˅઼㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘˄34.9%˅DŽljㅜҼ⅑єᒤᵏᴤᯠᣕ੺NJᤷࠪˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ2016ᒤⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿⮕ᴹ໎࣐ˈ䗮‫ࡠ‬1.457ਹ੘Ҽ≗ॆ⻣ᖃ䟿˗ѫ㾱ᧂ᭮Ⓚᱟ൏ൠ࡙⭘ਈॆ઼᷇ъˈवᤜ⌕⛝ൠ⚛⚮˄43.6%˅઼㜭Ⓚ䜘䰘˄36.9%˅DŽ51ྲമ4.2.2ᡰ⽪ˈ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ˄ѫ㾱वᤜॆ⸣⟳ᯉᔰ䟷઼࣐ᐕ㹼ъ˅ᱟᴰབྷⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ⓀDŽ2020ᒤˈ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъᧂ᭮䟿ঐঠᓖቬ㾯ӊҼ≗ॆ⻣ᙫᧂ᭮䟿Ⲵ40%ԕкDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏൘┑䏣ަ⽮Պ㓿⍾ਁኅ䴰≲ᯩ䶒ሶ䶒Ѥ䎺ᶕ䎺བྷⲴ᥁ᡈˈ⎹৺йњᯩ䶒˖аᱟᨀ‫׋‬䏣ཏⲴ㜭Ⓚ┑䏣䴰≲ˈᒦѪⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᰐ⌅ӛਇ⧠ԓ㜭Ⓚᴽ࣑ⲴӪᨀ‫׋‬䘉Ӌᴽ࣑˗Ҽᱟ儈᭸ᨀ‫׋‬䏣ཏⲴਟ䍏ᣵᗇ䎧Ⲵ㜭Ⓚˈ൘㓿⍾аփॆᯩ䶒ᒣ㺑ӗъㄎҹ࣋оӪ㊫ਁኅⲴ䴰㾱˗йᱟṩᦞᖃൠ઼‫⧟⨳ޘ‬ຳ䰞仈˄ྲ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ˅ᨀ‫׋‬ਟᤱ㔝Ⲵ㜭ⓀDŽ⟳ᯉ⟳✗ӗ⭏ⲴᒤҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿˄0W&2ᒤ˅ަԆ㜭Ⓚ⴨‫ޣ‬㹼ъ⭥࣋㹼ъӔ䙊䘀䗃ъᔪㆁъᐕъ‫ߌ‬ъ⟳ᯉ⟳✗ӗ⭏ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ᱟᴰབྷⲴ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮ⓀDŽ㠚ᒤԕᶕˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿ᱮ㪇໎࣐ˈᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬0W&2DŽަѝˈ⭥࣋㹼ъⲴ䍑⥞ᴰབྷˈঐˈަ⅑ᱟӔ䙊䘀䗃ъ઼ᐕъˈ൷ঐDŽമ4.2.2ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ਴䜘䰘⻣ᧂ᭮䟿Ӿ⟳ᯉ⎸䍩㊫රᶕⴻˈ⸣⋩ঐᦞѫሬൠս——2018ᒤˈ⸣⋩൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝⲴঐ∄㓖Ѫ54%ˈަ⅑ᱟཙ❦≄˄26%˅઼➔⛝˄11%˅ˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㓖ঐ8%DŽᦞՠ䇑ˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈ㓖20%Ⲵа⅑୶ъ㜭Ⓚሶ⭘Ҿਁ⭥DŽṩᦞ亴⍻ˈӾ2018ᒤ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ⸣⋩䘋ਓ䟿ሶ໎࣐1100зẦ/ཙˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬䘁3000зẦ/ཙDŽ䢤Ҿ㜭Ⓚ䴰≲Ⲵᕪ࣢໎䮯ˈԕ৺ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ൘㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝⲴѫሬൠսˈ൘ส߶ᛵᲟлˈ亴䇑ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿ሶ໎䮯169%ˈӾ2015ᒤⲴ0.587ਹ੘໎࣐‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤⲴ1.581ਹ੘DŽণ֯൘儈㜭᭸઼儈䶎ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚঐ∄ᛵᲟлˈҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿ҏሶ໎䮯84%ˈ൘2040ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬1.077ਹ੘DŽ൘㜭᭸ǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼ަԆ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䘹ᤙᯩ䶒䟷ਆа㠤㹼ࣘˈᴹࣙҾ⻣ᧂ᭮Ⲵᮤփ‫߿‬ቁDŽьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳᤷࠪ[43]ˈ㜭᭸оਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀሶѪьⴏൠ४‫߿‬ቁ5237.3%Ⲵ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿‫ࠪڊ‬䟽㾱䍑⥞ˈ㘼Ӿ㓿⍾㿴⁑ᶕⴻˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᱟᴰབྷⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⎸䍩ഭˈᒦф↓བྷ࣋᧘ࣘ⊭䖖ᐕъਁኅˈнᯝᢙབྷ⊭䖖‫؍‬ᴹ䟿DŽᦞьⴏ㜭Ⓚѝᗳ઼IEA[44]亴⍻ˈӾ2015ᒤ‫ࡠ‬2050ᒤˈьⴏൠ४ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ᒤ໎䮯⦷‫࡛࠶‬Ѫ3.0%઼2.8%ˈ㘼‫ޘ‬⨳ᒤ໎䮯⦷ӵѪ0.8%ˈ䶎㓿⍾ਸ֌оਁኅ㓴㓷Ⲵӊ⍢ൠ४Ѫ1.4%ˈѝഭӵѪ0.3%DŽ˄Ҽ˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞᭯ㆆоⴞḷ2007ᒤ‫ࡦ↕ࡍ‬ᇊⲴঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ䖜රᡈ⮕ˈᰘ൘ᾲ䘠⑙ᇔ≄փ‫߿‬ᧂ㹼ࣘˈᒦᨀ‫׋‬ԕлᯩ䶒Ⲵᤷሬ˖аᱟ⺞‫؍‬ᓄሩ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ䰞仈Ⲵ㿴‫᭯ࡂ‬ㆆⲴਟᤱ㔝ᙗ˗Ҽᱟ࣐ᕪਟᤱ㔝ਁኅփ‫ࡦ‬ᵪ‫ࡦ‬㜭࣋ᔪ䇮˗йᱟሶ⑙ᇔ≄փ‫߿‬ᧂ㹼ࣘ㓣‫ޕ‬ഭᇦ઼ൠᯩਁኅ᭯ㆆˈԕᇎ⧠ഭᇦ‫߿‬ᧂⴞḷ˗ഋᱟ࣐ᕪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ൘ഭ䱵≄‫ى‬ਈॆ䇞〻ѝⲴൠսDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᨀࠪҶԕлⴞḷ˖2070ᒤᇎ⧠⻣ѝ઼ˈ਼ᰦ‫؍‬ᤱѻ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ᢯䈪ˈণ‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈ‫߿‬ቁ29%˄ਆ‫ߣ‬Ҿަ㠚䓛Ѫ㝡⻣ᨀ‫׋‬䍴䠁Ⲵ㜭࣋˅ᡆ41%˄࡙⭘ഭ䱵᭟ᤱ˅ⲴҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮䟿[45]DŽ൘COP26кˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊㆮ㖢Ҷlj‫⌱␵ੁ⛝➔⨳ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ䖜ර༠᰾NJDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ઼ⸯӗ䍴Ⓚ䜘䜘䮯䘈㺘⽪ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ↓㘳㲁൘2030ᒤѻ‫⊠␈ࡽ‬ᙫᇩ䟿Ѫ9.3ਹ⬖Ⲵ⟳➔⭥লˈ㘼ᦞঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䍒᭯䜘亴ՠˈ䘉བྷ㓖䴰㾱ᣅ‫ޕ‬426зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄DŽᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵ㔉ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъᑖᶕҶ䟽‫ࡋ‬DŽ2020ᒤˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨⲴ⭥࣋䴰≲л䱽Ҷ15%ˈ᭯ᓌᢙབྷҶ⭥࣋㺕䍤ˈѪ3100зᡧᴰ䍛ഠⲴᇦᓝᨀ‫؍׋‬䳌DŽє㘵⴨࣐ˈሬ㠤ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨ൘2020ᒤㅜаᆓᓖҿᦏ28ӯ㖾‫߿ࡺަ֯׳ˈݳ‬Ҷ50%Ⲵᣅ䍴㿴‫ࡂ‬DŽ䲿⵰㓿⍾໎䮯䙀⑀ᚒ༽‫≤ࡽ⯛ࡠ‬ᒣˈ2021ᒤˈ䘉⿽ᛵ‫ߥ‬ᗇ‫ࡠ‬Ҷ᰾ᱮ᭩ழDŽ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᓄሩᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵ‫ࠪڊ‬Ҷ䟽㾱䍑⥞ˈᆳ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ㓿⍾༽㣿䗷〻ѝҏሶਁᥕ䟽㾱֌⭘DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ൘ਾ⯛ᛵᰦԓⲴվ⻣㜭Ⓚ䖜රᡈ⮕ᔪ・൘йབྷ᭟ḡส⹰ѻкˈণ䙀↕␈⊠ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚǃ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ઼໎࣐㜭᭸᧚ᯭDŽ˄й˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ䙀↕␈⊠Ⲵ䖜ර䐟ᖴ1.֯⭘␵⌱➔⛝оަԆ㜭Ⓚ⴨∄ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ➔⛝ᴤ‫ׯ‬ᇌǃۘ䟿ᴤѠᇼˈഐ↔֯⭘➔⛝⺞ᇎᱟьⴏൠ४┑䏣ᙕ‫ࢗ‬໎䮯Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ䴰≲ǃ᭟ᤱ㓿⍾ਁኅⲴ㠚❦䘹ᤙDŽ਼ᰦˈ➔⛝৸ᱟьⴏൠ४オ≄53⊑ḃ઼⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮Ⲵѫ㾱ᶕⓀˈަҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ᭮ঐ∄䗮18%DŽѪҶ䱽վ⧟ຳᖡ૽ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䴰㾱࡙⭘ᴰᯠǃᴰᴹ᭸Ⲵ␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟDŽቭ㇑䇨ཊ㜭ཏᇎ⧠➔⛝␵⌱࡙⭘Ⲵ‫ݸ‬䘋ᢰᵟᐢ㓿ਁኅᡀ⟏ˈն⭡Ҿ䍴䠁઼ᢰᵟ⸕䇶䲀‫ˈࡦ‬䘉Ӌᢰᵟᒦ⋑ᴹᗇ‫ࡠ‬ᒯ⌋䟷⭘DŽ䲔↔ѻཆˈ䘋ਓॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ∄䟽Ⲵнᯝ໎࣐ҏᑖᶕҶ仍ཆⲴ᥁ᡈˈᒦфሩҼ≗ॆ⻣ᧂ઼᭮㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ӗ⭏ҶԔӪᣵᘗⲴᖡ૽DŽॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⟳✗䙐ᡀⲴオ≄⊑ḃ⴨‫ޣ‬ཆ䜘ᡀᵜሶ໎࣐35%ˈӾ2014ᒤⲴ1670ӯ㖾‫/ݳ‬ᒤ໎࣐‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤⲴ2250ӯ㖾‫/ݳ‬ᒤˈ⴨ᖃҾ2025ᒤьⴏGDPⲴ5%[46]DŽഐ↔ˈьⴏൠ४Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄ઼⊑ḃ䱢⋫ᡀᵜҏሶ໎࣐DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ൘COP26к֌ࠪҶ䙀↕␈⊠➔⛝Ⲵ᢯䈪ˈᱟަᇎ⧠վ⻣㜭Ⓚ䖜රⴞḷⲴ‫ޣ‬䭞а↕DŽվ⻣㓿⍾઼߰䴦ᧂ᭮ⴞḷሶ䙊䗷‫ޣ‬䰝⟳➔⭥লⲴ䇑‫ࡂ‬ᶕᇎ⧠ˈഐѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䇑‫ࡂ‬൘2060ᒤѻ‫ࡽ‬ᇎ⧠⻣ѝ઼DŽ㘳㲁‫ࡠ‬㜭Ⓚ䴰≲Ⲵ໎䮯ǃ䍴Ⓚ⾰䍻Ⲵᴹ䲀ᙗˈԕ৺ᴰབྷ䲀ᓖ‫߿‬ቁ㜭Ⓚ⭏ӗ઼࡙⭘ӗ⭏Ⲵ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮Ⲵ䴰㾱˄㿱മ4.2.4˅ˈᗵ享䟷ਆа‫࠷‬ᗵ㾱᧚ᯭˈ⺞‫ަ઼⛝➔؍‬Ԇ⟳ᯉⲴᴰ儈᭸࡙⭘DŽ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ➔⛝䴰≲ሶ໎࣐є‫ˈؽ‬ӽሶ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝঐᦞѫሬൠս[47]DŽ➔⛝Ⲵ亴ᵏ໎䮯ሶѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䟷⭘ᴰ儈᭸Ⲵ୶ъॆ➔⛝ᢰᵟǃ‫߿‬ቁ⟳➔ਁ⭥Ⲵ⧟ຳᖡ૽ᨀ‫׋‬䟽㾱ᵪՊDŽྲкᡰ䘠ˈ➔⛝֯⭘䟿Ⲵ໎࣐ᴹࣙҾঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䟷⭘ᴰ儈᭸Ⲵ୶ъॆ➔⛝ᢰᵟˈᒦ‫߿‬ቁ⟳➔ਁ⭥Ⲵ⧟ຳᖡ૽DŽ➔⛝⭏ӗо⎸䍩ѻ䰤Ⲵᐞ䐍нᯝᢙབྷˈ㺘᰾ьⴏާᴹ䖳བྷⲴ➔⛝ࠪਓ▌࣋DŽᴹ‫⿽ࠐ‬ᴯԓᢰᵟਟᑞࣙᨀ儈➔⛝࡙⭘᭸⦷ˈྲ୶ъॆⲴ䎵Ѥ⭼઼䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟDŽ‫ݸ‬䘋Ⲵ䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟਟᑞࣙᇎ⧠ᴤ儈Ⲵ᭸⦷DŽѪ↔ˈਟ䟽⛩᧘ࣘ֯⭘㽀➔˄ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ㽀➔ۘ䟿Ѡᇼ˅ㅹվ૱ս➔Ⲵ⭥লᨀ儈ਁ⭥᭸⦷DŽᮤփ➔≄ॆ㚄ਸᗚ⧟ᢰᵟ൘ьⴏൠ४Ⲵᒯ⌋ᓄ⭘ҏᴹࣙҾᨀ儈➔⛝࡙⭘᭸⦷ǃ໎࣐‫߿‬ᧂ䟿DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᐢ㓿൘ᔪ䇮儈᭸վᧂ᭮⟳➔⭥লDŽ䘉⿽儈᭸վᧂ᭮ᢰᵟо⻣ᦅ㧧઼ሱᆈᢰᵟ⴨㔃ਸˈሶѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᢙབྷ⟳➔઼ཙ❦≄⭥লᇩ䟿ᨀ‫׋‬䟽㾱Ⲵվ⻣ᧂ᭮䘹ᤙDŽྲ᷌н䟷⭘⻣ᦅ㧧઼ሱᆈᢰᵟˈ‫߿‬ᧂᡀᵜሶབྷབྷ໎࣐ˈᦞՠ䇑ˈഭ䱵‫߿‬ᧂᡀᵜሶ໎࣐70%DŽ⟳➔⭥ল䟷⭘⻣ᦅ㧧઼ሱᆈᢰᵟਾˈ⇿੘‫⻣߿‬ᡀᵜѪ60̚90㖾‫ˈݳ‬оަԆᖒᔿⲴվ⻣㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏⴨∄ާᴹᡀᵜՈ࣯DŽ54BAU=ส߶ᛵᲟˈAPS=ᴯԓ᭯ㆆᛵᲟDŽമ4.2.4਴㹼ъ൘є⿽ᛵᲟлⲴᴰ㓸㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊㅹਁኅѝഭᇦⲴ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ‫߿‬㕃㹼ࣘˈᗵ享о㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ǃ㓿⍾ਁኅ઼‫߿‬ቁ䍛ഠ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵⴞḷ㔃ਸ䎧ᶕDŽഐ↔ˈоަԆ‫ࠐ‬њьⴏഭᇦаṧˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᐢሶ儈᭸վᧂ᭮⟳➔ਁ⭥ᢰᵟ㓣‫ަޕ‬ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞亴ṸDŽ䶒ሩ䘛‫࠷‬Ⲵ⽮Պਁኅ䴰㾱઼䍴Ⓚ䲀‫ˈࡦ‬ᴰྭ‫࠶‬䱦⇥ᣅ䍴␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟˈṩᦞਁኅ≤ᒣ‫ࠪڊ‬䘲ᖃ䈳ᮤDŽ䢤Ҿьⴏ਴ഭⲴ␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟ䴰≲ᆈ൘ᖸབྷᐞᔲˈ४ฏਸ֌ਟԕᑞࣙ༴Ҿ㊫լਁኅ䱦⇥Ⲵഭᇦ‫ݻ‬ᴽަ൘֯⭘␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟᯩ䶒Ⲵ䳌⺽[48]DŽ2.֯⭘ཙ❦≄ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴཙ❦≄ۘ䟿Ѡᇼˈഐ↔ҏᱟ➔⛝઼⸣⋩Ⲵᴰ֣վ⻣ᴯԓ䘹ᤙDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᱟьⴏൠ४Ⲵѫ㾱ཙ❦≄ᶕⓀˈ2015ᒤⲴᙫ᧒᰾ۘ䟿䗮2.8зӯ・ᯩ㊣DŽlj2016—2025ᒤьⴏ㜭Ⓚਸ֌㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJṶᷦ䘈䟽⛩‫⌘ޣ‬䐘ьⴏཙ❦≄㇑䚃亩ⴞDŽ䈕亩ⴞ⺞ᇊҶ8њਟ㜭Ⲵཙ❦≄ӂ㚄ӂ䙊亩ⴞˈަѝ4њᶕ㠚ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䘀㩕Ⲵཙ❦≄⭠DŽնᱟˈ䘁ᒤᶕˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴᐲ൪ԭ仍аⴤ㻛◣བྷ࡙ӊǃ঑ຄቄ઼‫״‬㖇ᯟㅹ‫׋‬ᓄഭᣒঐˈѫ㾱ᱟ⭡Ҿ㕪ѿॿ䈳а㠤Ⲵᡈ⮕ᶕ᭩ழཙ❦≄ส⹰䇮ᯭˈᒦ੨ᕅᯠᣅ䍴‫ࡋ‬䙐ӗ≄ⓀDŽ傜‫⎧⭢ޝ‬጑⎧ⴇһԦ仁ਁǃ⎧к䍨᱃Ⲵн㿴㤳઼нᆹ‫ޘ‬ᙗˈԕ৺‫⨳ޘ‬䍨᱃Ⲵѝᯝˈ䜭ሶሩঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ⏢ॆཙ❦≄‫׋‬ᓄӗ⭏⹤ൿᙗᖡ૽ˈሬ㠤Ҷ൘⏢ॆཙ❦≄䴰≲нᯝ໎࣐Ⲵ㛼Ჟлˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᖃൠⲴཙ❦≄ӗ䟿ত൘нᯝ‫߿‬ቁDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊѠᇼⲴཙ❦≄ۘ䟿ሶ֯䈕ൠ४㜭ཏ䙊䗷᭩ਈॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴˈ࡙⭘ཙ❦≄֯ަ⭥࣋䴰≲໎䮯о⴨‫ޣ‬ᧂ᭮㝡䫙DŽ䐘ьⴏ⭥㖁亩ⴞⲴᇎ⧠ˈԕ৺ьইӊ⎧к⏢ॆཙ❦≄᷒㓭Ⲵᣅ䍴ᔪ䇮ˈᴹࣙҾ䘋а↕‫׳‬䘋ཙ❦≄䍨᱃DŽᣅ䍴ᔪ䇮ཙ❦≄䗃䘱аփॆส⹰䇮ᯭˈᴹࣙҾьⴏ਴ഭᴤᇩ᱃㧧ᗇཙ❦≄ˈᒦਟ䙊䗷‫׳‬䘋㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄⲴཊṧॆˈ㕃䀓㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ᯩޘ‬䶒Ⲵ55ᣵᘗDŽཙ❦≄䗃䘱аփॆਟԕᑞࣙ㔵⭨ㅹަԆഭᇦᴤ‫࡙ׯ‬ൠ৲о४ฏཙ❦≄䍨᱃DŽѪҶᇎ⧠ཙ❦≄Ⲵ䘉⿽䍨᱃▌࣋ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ俆‫ݸ‬ᓄ䀓‫⋫᭯ߣ‬ǃ‫ࡦ‬ᓖ઼⌅ᖻᯩ䶒Ⲵ䳌⺽DŽ਴ഭ᭯ᓌਟԕ俆‫ݸ‬ॿ䈳⏢ॆཙ❦≄ᐲ൪Ⲵ⌅ᖻ઼‫ࡦ‬ᓖṶᷦˈᒦѪаփॆཙ❦≄㇑䚃઼⏢ॆཙ❦≄᷒㓭ᔪ䇮‫ࡦ‬ᇊਸ䘲Ⲵ㶽䍴ᯩṸDŽ᧒㍒वᤜṨ㜭൘‫޵‬Ⲵᴯԓ㜭Ⓚˈᱟ਴ഭ⺞‫؍‬㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄᆹ‫ޘ‬ǃਟ䍏ᣵ઼⧟ຳਟᤱ㔝ᡈ⮕Ⲵа䜘‫࠶‬DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊҏ൘᧒㍒Ṩ㜭ᯩṸˈᒦᐢ᭩ਈ䇑‫ˈࡂ‬ӾѪ⡚૷—ᐤৈዋ⭥㖁ᔪ䇮བྷරਁ⭥ᵪ㓴ˈ᭩Ѫ൘䳵࣐䗮䱴䘁‫↕ࡍ‬ᔪ䇮ањሿර৽ᓄึDŽ൘‫׳‬䘋վ⻣ᢰᵟⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌ᯩ䶒ˈᴹаӋԔӪ啃㡎Ⲵቍ䈅DŽֻྲˈ൘lj2016—2025ᒤьⴏ㜭Ⓚਸ֌㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬NJṶᷦлˈьⴏൠ४ᨀࠪ䟷ਆ䳶փ㹼ࣘˈ࣐ᕪ൘᧘ᒯ઼࡙⭘➔⛝઼␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟᯩ䶒Ⲵਸ֌Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫DŽѪ᭟ᤱ䘉а䇑‫ࡂ‬Ⲵᇎᯭˈ䘋а↕ᢙབྷ␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟⲴ࡙⭘㤳തˈᴹᗵ㾱ሶ␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟⲴ䟷⭘㓣‫ޕ‬䮯ᵏഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ䇑‫ˈࡂ‬㘼ਾ㘵ᓄ㔃ਸ‫׋‬䴰‫ח‬᧚ᯭǃ䐘䜘䰘㙼㜭઼㹼᭯䗩⭼ǃ४ฏਸ֌઼‫ࡋ‬ᯠ䗷〻DŽ䲔↔ѻཆˈ໎࣐ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ҏᖸ䟽㾱DŽվ⻣䖜රᗵ享㓿䗷㋮ᗳ㿴‫ਁˈࡂ‬ኅਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼ᨀ儈㜭᭸ᱟ䟽ѝѻ䟽DŽӾ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝ‫ࢄ‬䲔➔⛝ˈ਼ᰦᢙབྷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᓄ⭘㤳തˈᱟᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮Ⲵ‫ޣ‬䭞а↕DŽ˄ഋ˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ䖜ර䐟ᖴ1.࣐ᕪ≤⭥઼ཊਈⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᢰᵟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᵚᶕⲴ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄ䟿ሶᴤབྷˈަ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴҏՊ∄⧠൘␵⌱ᗇཊDŽᢙབྷਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ࡙⭘ˈሶ൘ᇎ⧠ᴤ␵⌱ǃਟᤱ㔝Ⲵ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄ䗷〻ѝਁᥕ‫ޣ‬䭞֌⭘DŽྲ᷌㜭൘䘉ᯩ䶒ਆᗇ䟽བྷ䘋ኅˈ䛓Ѹঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᨀࠪⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ˄वᤜཚ䱣㜭ǃ仾㜭ǃ⭏⢙㜭઼ሿ≤⭥˅ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬30%ⲴᆿՏⴞḷҏᱟਟԕᇎ⧠ⲴDŽ↔ཆˈ≤㜭઼ൠ✝㜭ҏᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਁኅ∄䖳ᡀ⟏Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᐢᆹ㻵ᡆ൘ᔪⲴ≤⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬350ਹ⬖ˈ‫ࡠ‬2040ᒤˈ䘉аᮠᆇᴹਟ㜭໎䮯‫ࡠ‬1204ਹ⬖DŽ≤㜭ᱟᴰ㓿⍾ᇎᜐⲴ㜭ⓀѻаDŽᒣ߶ॆᓖ⭥ᡀᵜ⹄ウ㔃᷌ᱮ⽪ˈ≤⭥亩ⴞⲴᒣ൷ᡀᵜѪ0.044㖾‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈᴰվѪ0.029㖾‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦ[49]DŽ䘉ᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᔰਁ≤⭥亩ⴞⲴਖањ৏ഐDŽ↔ཆˈ2016ᒤˈ‫⭘ޜ‬һъ㓗‫ݹ‬Կ઼䱶к仾⭥ԧṬ‫ࡋ‬лҶ0.03㖾‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦⲴᯠվ≤ᒣDŽਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀԧṬⲴл䱽᜿ણ⵰൘㔤ᤱᡆᨀ儈⭥࣋ਟ䶐ᙗ઼䍘䟿Ⲵ‫ࡽ‬ᨀлˈሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㓣‫⧠ޕ‬ᴹ⭥㖁Ⲵ▌࣋ᐘབྷDŽ䲿⵰ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJ⭏᭸ˈ䘉а␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䖜රҏ↓٬䟷ਆ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ㹼ࣘⲴ䟽㾱ᰦ‫࡫‬DŽ56㲭❦ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ਴⿽ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴᡀᵜབྷᑵ䱽վˈᒦф൘ḀӋൠ४˄वᤜ‫ٿ‬䘌ൠ४˅ᐢ㓿ਈᗇ䶎ᑨ㓿⍾ᇎᜐˈնਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀᒦᵚᡀѪѫ⍱㜭ⓀDŽᡀᵜՈ࣯Ⲵᖒᡀˈᓄ㘳㲁㓿⍾ਁኅѻཆⲴ⧟ຳ઼ަԆ⽮ՊᡀᵜDŽ❦㘼ˈྲ᷌䇑‫ࡂ‬нᖃˈ䙊䗷㺕䍤ᡆᖱ〾઼ᕪ‫ࡦ‬᧚ᯭᶕᦅ㧧ཆ䜘ᙗਟ㜭Պᣜ儈㜭ⓀԧṬˈᒦ䘋а↕䲀‫ࡦ‬㓿⍾⍫ࣘDŽ↔ཆˈᴤ儈Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ᡀᵜਟ㜭Պ䱽վަ㓿⍾ᙗDŽ᭯ㆆ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ㘵↓ࣚ࣋൘䶎ᐲ൪ॆ᭯ㆆ᧚ᯭо࣐ᕪᰗⴁ㇑᡻⇥˄ᆳԜਟ㜭ሩਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ӗ⭏〟ᶱᖡ૽˅ѻ䰤ራ᢮ᣈѝ࣎⌅DŽ㘳㲁‫ࡠ‬ᖃ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䎻࣯ˈԕ৺ᴰᯠа䖞䲧‫┎ڌޕ‬Ⲵ‫ى≄⨳ޘ‬䈸‫ˈࡔ‬Ր㔏Ⲵ䰞仈䀓‫⌅࣎ߣ‬ᐢ㓿н䎧֌⭘DŽѪ↔ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䴰䟷ਆ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ᧚ᯭˈ࣐ᘛ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䖜ර䘋〻[50]DŽቡབྷර≤⭥亩ⴞᶕ䈤ˈ䘉Ӌ亩ⴞⲴᡀᵜӽ❦ᐘབྷˈ䀓‫⧟ަߣ‬ຳ઼⽮Պᖡ૽ӽ❦ᱟаབྷ᥁ᡈDŽ❦㘼ˈྲ᷌㿴‫઼ࡂ‬ᢗ㹼ᗇᖃˈ≤⭥亩ⴞਟԕᑖᶕᕪᴹ࣋Ⲵ〟ᶱᡀ᷌DŽቡሿර≤⭥亩ⴞᶕ䈤ˈራ᢮㧧ᗇ㶽䍴Ⲵᴰ֣୶ъ⁑ᔿᱟаབྷ᥁ᡈˈഐѪྲ᷌≷ᙫ䎧ᶕˈሿර≤⭥亩ⴞⲴᡀᵜਟ㜭儈Ҿᣅ䍴എᣕᵏᴤ䮯Ⲵབྷර≤⭥亩ⴞDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴሿර≤⭥ᇎփ઼ཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥‫ޜ‬ਨ䙊ᑨ㠤࣋Ҿ‫׳‬䘋‫ߌ‬ᶁ⭥≄ॆˈ䘉֯ᗇᵪᶴᣅ䍴㘵ሩ䘉Ӌ亩ⴞ∛ᰐ‫ޤ‬䏓DŽѪҶ‫ݻ‬ᴽ䘉а᥁ᡈˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᓄ⅒䗾⭡᭯ᓌᣵ‫؍‬Ⲵഭ䱵ᣅ䍴DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ䘈ᓄࠪਠᴤཊⲴᣅ䍴৻ྭර᭯ㆆˈྲ䮯ᵏⲴк㖁⭥ԧǃ‫〾ݽ‬ᵏ઼վ᚟䍧ⅮˈѪ亩ⴞᔰਁ୶ᨀ‫׋‬ᴤཊⲴ◰઼࣡䍒᭯᭟ᤱDŽѪ↔ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌਟԕ啃࣡‫⿱ޜ‬ਸ֌DŽ≤⭥ᔰਁ䗷〻ѝ䶒ѤⲴਖањ䟽㾱᥁ᡈᱟˈ໎࣐䛫ഭѻ䰤Ⲵӂ㚄ӂ䙊DŽ䐘ຳ⭥㖁аփॆˈᴹࣙҾ‫׳‬䘋ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㣿䰘ㆄ㝺ዋㅹൠ४Ⲵ≤⭥䍴Ⓚ䜘㖢DŽ൘Ոॆ઼࣐ᕪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥㖁Ⲵаփॆѻਾˈ≤⭥▌࣋ѠᇼⲴⴱԭቡਟԕᴤ‫࡙ׯ‬ൠੁ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃᯠ࣐එ઼㨢ᖻᇮ䗃ࠪ⭥࣋DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨਁᐳⲴlj2021-—2030ᒤഭᇦ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄъ࣑䇑‫ࡂ‬NJሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ঐ∄ᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬Ҷ51.6%ˈ⴨ᖃҾ20.9ਹ⬖Ⲵ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿DŽ2021—2025ᒤˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ઼ⸯӗ䍴Ⓚ䜘ሶࠪਠа㌫‫⌅ࡇ‬㿴ˈवᤜᯠ㜭Ⓚ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⌅ˈᤷࠪሶᨀ‫⟳⊠␈ࡽ‬➔⭥লˈᢙབྷ⟳➔⭥ল␧✗ˈᒦሶḤ⋩⭥ল䖜ᦒѪཙ❦≄৺ᯠ㜭Ⓚ઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥লDŽӾ2035ᒤᔰ࿻ˈᯠ໎ਁ⭥ᇩ䟿ਚ䙊䗷ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚӗ⭏DŽ‫ࡠ‬2025ᒤˈਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ঐ∄䗮‫ࡠ‬23%ˈᒦԕཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ѪѫDŽ2026—2030ᒤˈ⟳➔⭥লн‫޽‬ᯠ໎ਁ⭥ᇩ䟿ˈ䍴䠁ᐢ‫ࡠ‬սᡆ൘ᔪⲴ⟳➔⭥ল䲔ཆDŽ2036—2040ᒤˈᔰኅㅜҼ䱦⇥Ⲵ⟳➔⭥ল␈⊠ᐕ֌ˈ㾶ⴆӊѤ⭼ǃѤ⭼઼䜘‫࠶‬䎵Ѥ⭼⭥ল˗ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ঐ∄ᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬66%ˈཚ䱣㜭ǃ≤㜭઼⭏⢙䍘㜭൘㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝঐᦞѫሬൠս˗䲀‫ࡦ‬Ր㔏є䖞䖖䬰୞DŽ2041—2045ᒤˈ俆ᢩབྷර⌻⍱઼Ṩ57⭥ㄉ亩ⴞ䘋‫ޕ‬୶ъॆ䘀㩕䱦⇥˗ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ঐ∄䘋а↕ᨀ儈‫ࡠ‬93%ˈཚ䱣㜭ǃ≤㜭઼⭏⢙䍘㜭൘㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝঐᦞѫሬൠս˗᧗‫ࡦ‬Ր㔏ഋ䖞䖖䬰୞DŽ2051—2060ᒤˈᔰኅᴰਾањ䱦⇥Ⲵ⟳➔⭥ল␈⊠ᐕ֌ˈབྷ㿴⁑ᔰਁ≒≄ਁ⭥˗‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ǃ≤⭥઼仾⭥൘ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋㔃ᶴѝঐᦞѫሬൠսDŽնᱟˈ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ࡙⭘䶒Ѥྲл᥁ᡈ˖аᱟ᭯ᓌ৲о‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ˗Ҽᱟ䴰㾱⟏㓳ᐕӪᔰਁਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ˗йᱟ⸕䇶ӗᵳᢗ⌅䱫⺽Ҷਁ䗮ഭᇦⲴᢰᵟ䖜䇙˗ഋᱟਟ‫޽‬⭏㜭Ⓚ৺ᖃൠ䍴ⓀⲴਟ䍏ᣵᙗ઼ਟ㧧ᗇᙗ䴰㾱ᨀॷ[51]DŽ2.ሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㓣‫ޕ‬䐘ຳ㜭Ⓚส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮઼䍨᱃ሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᮤਸ‫ࡠ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥㖁㌫㔏ѝˈᴹࣙҾ㜭Ⓚ䍴Ⓚᗇ‫ࡠ‬ᴰ֣࡙⭘ˈᒦ䘋а↕ᨀ儈㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬ᙗDŽьⴏൠ४ਟԕᨀ‫׋‬㜭Ⓚˈ਼ᰦѪѝഭǃᰕᵜ઼丙ഭㅹሩ䈍ਸ֌Չդᨀ‫׋‬ᣅ䍴ᵪՊDŽ᮷㧡ǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊ઼䎺ইᤕᴹᐘབྷⲴ⸣⋩઼ཙ❦≄⭏ӗ▌࣋DŽᔪ䇮४ฏ⭥࣋ส⹰䇮ᯭⲴѫ㾱ⴞḷᱟ‫࠶ݵ‬ᇎ⧠䱽վᣅ䍴ᡀᵜˈ᭩ழ㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄっᇊᙗ઼‫߿‬ቁᧂ᭮Ⲵॿ਼᭸⳺DŽ䐘ьⴏཙ❦≄㇑䚃઼ӊཚⴤ䗮⎧ᓅ‫ݹ‬㔶㌫㔏ᱟьⴏൠ४Ⲵєབྷ䟽⛩㜭Ⓚส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮亩ⴞDŽᡚ㠣2016ᒤᓅˈᐢᴹ13њৼ䗩ཙ❦≄㇑䚃ӂ㚄ӂ䙊亩ⴞᣅ‫ޕ‬䘀㩕ˈᙫ䮯3673ॳ㊣ˈ䘎᧕ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃ㔵⭨ǃᯠ࣐එǃ⌠ഭǃ䎺ই6њഭᇦDŽ⭡Ҿᵜ൏ཙ❦≄ۘ䟿䎻Ҿᷟㄝˈьⴏൠ४Ⲵཙ❦≄‫׋‬䴰ᐞ䐍ሶᢙབྷDŽ䐘ьⴏཙ❦≄㇑䚃亩ⴞ⧠൘ҏሶ⏢ॆཙ❦≄֌Ѫ‫؍‬䳌㜭Ⓚ‫׋‬ᓄⲴа⿽䘹ᤙDŽ䇨ཊഭᇦᐢ㓿੟ࣘҶӾьⴏԕཆൠ४䗃䘱ཙ❦≄Ⲵส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮亩ⴞDŽⴞ‫ˈࡽ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼⌠ഭᐢᣅ‫ॆ⏢⭘֯ޕ‬ཙ❦≄㓸ㄟDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ傜ᶕ㾯ӊǃᯠ࣐එ઼⌠ഭⲴ⏢ॆཙ❦≄᧕᭦㓸ㄟᔪ䇮䘋ኅ亪࡙DŽ2016ᒤ4ᴸˈьⴏൠ४ᐢᴹ6њཙ❦≄㓸ㄟᣅ‫ޕ‬䘀㩕ˈ⇿ᒤ᧕᭦ᙫ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬2250з੘DŽӾ⭥࣋ส⹰䇮ᯭᶕⴻˈьⴏൠ४ᆼᡀҶйњӊཚⴤ䗮⎧ᓅ‫ݹ‬㔶㌫㔏䟽⛩亩ⴞˈᒦфᖸᘛሶ੟ࣘᔪ䇮ਖཆйњ亩ⴞDŽ䙊䗷䘉Ӌ亩ⴞˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃઼䟷䍝䟿亴䇑ሶӾ2014ᒤⲴ3489‫⬖ݶ‬໎࣐‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤⲴ10800‫ˈ⬖ݶ‬2020ᒤਾ໎࣐‫ࡠ‬16000‫⬖ݶ‬DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊоьⴏަԆഭᇦѻ䰤⧠ᴹⲴ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃བྷཊᔪ・൘ৼ䗩ส⹰кDŽ䢤Ҿѫ㾱䘋ኅ䳶ѝ൘ৼ䗩ӂ㚄ӂ䙊кˈьⴏൠ४Ⲵᯠᡈ⮕ᱟ⵰᡻᧘䘋ཊ䗩ӂ㚄ӂ䙊DŽ↔ཆˈྲ᷌⭥࣋Ӕᦒਁ⭏൘䴰≲儈ጠᰦ⇥н਼Ⲵഭᇦѻ䰤ˈ䛓Ѹਟԕ‫߿‬ቁᡰ䴰Ⲵᣅ䍴ˈԕ‫؍‬ᤱ༷ۘ䠁։仍DŽ䘉⿽४ฏ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ሶѪᮤњൠ४‫ࡋ‬䙐㓿⍾᭸⳺DŽնᱟˈ䘎᧕н਼ᐲ൪ᡰ䴰Ⲵᣅ䍴㿴⁑ҏ䶎ᑨᐘབྷDŽ㘳㲁‫⇿ࡠ‬ᶑ䐟㓯ⲴՈ⛩઼ਟ㹼ᙗˈ⺞ᇊᔪ䇮亩ⴞⲴՈ‫⅑ݸ‬ᒿᴹࣙҾ䚯‫਼ݽ‬ᰦ58ᔰ࿻ᔪ䇮ᡰᴹ㿴‫ࡂ‬䐟㓯ˈ䘋㘼䙐ᡀᢗ㹼䎔ᆇⲴᛵ‫ߥ‬DŽ㜭Ⓚᐲ൪аփॆ䶒Ѥ⵰䈨ཊ▌൘Ⲵ䳌⺽ˈवᤜᢰᵟ䳌⺽ǃ᭯⋫䳌⺽઼⧟ຳ䳌⺽DŽㅜаˈᢰᵟ䳌⺽Პ䙽ᆈ൘ˈӾ⭥㖁਼↕઼⭥㖁㿴㤳‫઼࣋⭥ࡠ‬ཙ❦≄㇑䚃ᢰᵟDŽㅜҼˈьⴏഭᇦѻ䰤Ⲵ⭥࣋䖜〫Ⲵѫ㾱䳌⺽ᱟнᝯѪ㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬㘼᭮ᔳѫᵳ[52]DŽަṩᵜ৏ഐ൘Ҿˈ൘ᔰ᭮ᐲ൪઼㔃ᶴ䈳ᮤ䗷〻ѝˈ਴ഭᇎ䱵к࣋≲ᴰབྷ䲀ᓖൠ‫؍‬ᣔ㠚䓛࡙⳺DŽㅜйˈ䍨᱃ॿᇊ䈸‫ࡔ‬䙊ᑨਇ‫ࡠ‬нᒣㅹ䎧䐁㓯઼н਼㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬䰞仈Ⲵᖡ૽DŽᡀઈഭѻ䰤൘ॿ䈳ᯩ䶒ᆈ൘᭯⋫䳌⺽ᡆ㕪ቁ᭯⋫ؑԫˈҏՊ䱫⺽䘉Ӌ䈸‫ࡔ‬Ⲵ亪࡙䘋㹼DŽㅜഋˈ䇨ཊьⴏഭᇦ⧠㹼㺕䍤‫ࡦ‬ᓖ䙐ᡀⲴⴁ㇑䳌⺽઼㜭Ⓚᇊԧᢝᴢˈ䱫⺽Ҷ᤹୶ъᶑⅮ䘋㹼㜭Ⓚ䍨᱃ˈഐѪԕ㺕䍤ԧṬࠪ୞㜭ⓀⲴᇎփнᗇн᭟Ԉᴤ儈Ⲵ㜭ⓀᡀᵜˈӾ㘼䙐ᡀ䍏䶒Ⲵ䍒࣑ਾ᷌DŽIEAᤷࠪ[53]ˈӾḀ⿽〻ᓖкᶕ䈤˄สҾᒣ߶ॆᓖ⭥ᡀᵜ˅ˈоՐ㔏㜭Ⓚ⴨∄ˈ䇨ཊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᢰᵟণ‫⋑ׯ‬ᴹਁ⭥㺕䍤ˈҏާᴹᡀᵜՈ࣯DŽㅜӄˈ≤⭥᷒㓭ᐕ〻ᔪ䇮ਟ㜭ሩ⧟ຳӗ⭏䟽བྷᖡ૽DŽवᤜབྷර≤ᓃ൘‫޵‬Ⲵ≤⭥᷒㓭ᐕ〻ᔪ䇮ሶေ㛱⋣┘ࣘ⢙ˈᒦሬ㠤Ӫ㊫ትտ४઼‫ߌ‬ъⲴ䗱〫DŽѪ↔ˈᓄ䟷ਆ㔬ਸⲴ㜭Ⓚᐲ൪аփॆᯩ⌅ˈवᤜᔪ・઼ᆼழॿ䈳ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬䀓‫ߣ‬ཊ䟽䳌⺽DŽ˄ӄ˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭟ᤱվ⻣㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ㶽䍴ᵪ‫ࡦ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊሩ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ䘲ᓄ઼‫߿‬㕃‫ࠪڊ‬Ҷཊ亩䍒᭯᢯䈪ˈྲ㔯㢢٪‫઼ࡨ‬㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫٪ޠ‬‫ࡨ‬[54]DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䘈䇮䇑Ҷlj㔯㢢٪‫઼ࡨ‬㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ṶᷦNJˈԕ᭟ᤱᡆ䟽ᯠ䇴ՠਸṬ㔯㢢亩ⴞ[55]DŽ٪‫ਁࡨ‬㹼ԕlj㔯㢢٪‫઼ࡨ‬㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ṶᷦNJѪᤷሬˈ㓿⭡ഭ䱵⤜・ᇑḕᵪᶴ˄ഭ䱵≄‫⹄ى‬ウѝᗳ˅䘋㹼ᇑḕˈᒦ⭘н਼仌㢢㺘⽪ਸṬ亩ⴞ൘ཊབྷ〻ᓖкԓ㺘Ҷ䈕ഭ⻣‫߿‬ᧂⲴ䮯ᵏᝯᲟ[56]DŽ㔯㢢٪‫ࡨ‬Ⲵਁ㹼ˈሶ੨ᕅᣅ䍴㘵൘н㘳㲁њ࡛亩ⴞ仾䲙Ⲵᛵ‫ߥ‬л৲о⧟‫؍‬ᔰਁ亩ⴞ[57]DŽ䲔Ҷ㔯㢢٪‫ˈࡨ‬㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ᱟվ⻣ਁኅ㶽䍴Ⲵਖа⿽䘹ᤙDŽ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ᱟа⿽‫ࡋ‬ᯠⲴǃㅖਸԺᯟ‫ޠ‬ᮉ⌅Ⲵ٪‫ˈࡨ‬ਚᴹ㔯㢢亩ⴞⲴ㶽䍴ᡆ‫޽‬㶽䍴ਟԕ䗮‫ࡠ‬100%Ⲵഎᣕ⦷DŽ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬㜭ཏ䘎᧕Ր㔏⽮Պ䍓ԫᐲ൪оԺᯟ‫ޠ‬䠁㶽ᐲ൪ˈ䘈ਟԕ䇱᰾Ժᯟ‫ޠ‬䠁㶽൘‫⨳ޘ‬ᐲ൪Ⲵਟ㹼ᙗ[58]DŽ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ᱟа⿽ਸᇌфᴹ‫ࡽ‬ᲟⲴᯩ⌅ˈо‫⨳ޘ‬䟽㿶ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ亩ⴞ˄⢩࡛ᱟ⧟ຳ઼‫޽‬䙐᷇˅Ⲵ䎻࣯⴨а㠤[59]DŽਁ㹼㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ˈࡨ٪ޠ‬ᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ൘ᇎ⧠㔯㢢㶽䍴ᯩ䶒ᡰ‫ڊ‬Ⲵа亩ቍ䈅DŽ㔯㢢䠁㶽ᱟањᇭ⌋Ⲵᾲᘥˈਟԕᤷਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ亩ⴞ઼ّ䇞ǃ⧟ຳӗ૱ˈԕ৺᭟ᤱਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⲴ᭯ㆆDŽ㔯㢢㶽䍴वᤜ≄‫ى‬㶽䍴ˈն৸н䲀Ҿ≄‫ى‬㶽䍴ˈ䘈ਟԕवᤜᐕъ⊑ḃ䱢⋫ǃছ⭏59䇮ᯭᡆ⭏⢙ཊṧᙗ‫؍‬ᣔㅹ㶽䍴DŽ‫߿‬㕃઼䘲ᓄ㶽䍴‫ࡉ‬᰾⺞⎹৺≄‫ى‬ਈॆ⴨‫ޣ‬Ⲵ⍫ࣘ˖‫߿‬㕃㶽䍴ᱟᤷ‫׳‬䘋⑙ᇔ≄փ‫߿‬ᧂⲴ亩ⴞ઼䇑‫ࡂ‬ᣅ䍴ˈ㘼䘲ᓄ㶽䍴ᱟᤷ䱽վӗ૱઼њӪሩ≄‫ى‬ਈॆ㜶ᕡᙗⲴᣅ䍴[60]DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᱟㅜањ൘‫⨳ޘ‬㤳ത‫ਁ޵‬㹼㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ⲴഭᇦDŽ2018ᒤ3ᴸˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ൘‫⨳ޘ‬ᐲ൪кਁ㹼Ҷ12.5ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬ⲴԺᯟ‫ޠ‬ഭᇦ٪‫ࡨ‬DŽ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ӵ䶒ੁ⢩ᇊⲴਸṬ㔯㢢亩ⴞ˄㚄ਸഭᔰਁ䇑‫ࡂ‬㖢ˈ2018ᒤ˅DŽ⭡Ҿ↓䶒ⲴჂփᣕ䚃ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ᐢ㧧ᗇ‫⨳ޘ‬ᐲ൪Ⲵ䇔ਟˈᒦᐢ‫⨳ޘࡠਁ࠶‬Ⲵ儈䍘䟿䍖ᡧˈѫ㾱ᱟ亦㓗ส䠁઼䬦㹼ˈަѝ32%⍱‫ޕ‬Ժᯟ‫ޠ‬ᐲ൪ˈ25%⍱‫ޕ‬ӊ⍢ˈ15%⍱‫⅗ޕ‬ⴏˈ18%⍱‫ޕ‬㖾ഭˈ10%⍱‫ޕ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊDŽ‫⨳ޘ‬ᐲ൪кᝯ᜿ᣅ䍴㔯㢢亩ⴞⲴᯠᣅ䍴㘵ঐ∄ᐢ䗮‫ࡠ‬29%[61]DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䍒᭯䜘ᨀࠪˈਟԕᇎᯭй亩ㆆ⮕ˈ⺞‫؍‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊу⌘Ҿᇎ⧠վ⻣㜭Ⓚ䖜රⴞḷ˖аᱟॿ䈳㹼ࣘ䇑‫ࡂ‬оഭᇦ㓿⍾༽㣿᭯ㆆ˗Ҽᱟ䟽⛩ᇎᯭ㜭ཏ਼ᰦᚒ༽㓿⍾Ⲵ䇑‫˗ࡂ‬йᱟ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ㶽䍴ᯩṸ઼᭯ㆆˈ啃࣡䶎᭯ᓌᵪᶴⲴ৲о[62]DŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤ5ᴸˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊࠪ୞Ҷ369зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄Ⲵ᭯ᓌ٪‫∄ˈࡨ‬2019ᒤ਼ᵏ໎䮯Ҷ98%DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ䇑‫ਁ޽ࡂ‬㹼990зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄Ⲵ᭯ᓌ٪‫ˈࡨ‬वᤜ↖༛٪‫ˈࡨ٪≁ט઼ࡨ‬ԕᕕ㺕нᯝᢙབྷⲴ䎔ᆇDŽоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਁ㹼‫ࡨ٪⨳ޘ‬аṧˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌҏ൘ਁ㹼Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬[63]DŽṩᦞぶ䘚‫ޜ‬ਨਁᐳⲴᮠᦞˈᡚ㠣2020ᒤ6ᴸˈ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬Ⲵਁ㹼䟿㓖ঐԺᯟ‫ਁࡨ٪ޠ‬㹼䟿Ⲵ3%DŽ䲿⵰᭯ᓌ᧘ࠪ695зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄˄㓖ਸ473ӯ㖾‫˅ݳ‬Ⲵ㓿⍾‫◰ࡪ‬䇑‫ࡂ‬ᣇࠫ⯛ᛵˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬Ⲵਁ㹼䟿亴䇑ሶ໎࣐㓖69%[64]DŽ2020ᒤⲴԺᯟ‫ਁࡨ٪ޠ‬㹼䟿儈Ҿ2019ᒤˈഐѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ䴰㾱ѪнᯝᢙབྷⲴഭᇦ亴㇇઼ഭᇦ㓿⍾༽㣿䇑‫ࡂ‬ㆩ䳶䍴䠁DŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤ8ᴸ6ᰕˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ‫ਁޡ‬㹼Ҷ237зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄Ⲵഭ‫޵‬Ժᯟ‫ࠐˈࡨ٪ޠ‬Ѿо2019ᒤ258зӯঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ঒∄Ⲵਁ㹼䟿ᤱᒣ[65]DŽ䙊䗷ਁ㹼йᵏ‫⨳ޘ‬Ժᯟ‫ˈࡨ٪ޠ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊㆩ䳶Ҷ25ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬Ⲵ䍴䠁ˈᑞࣙ᭯ᓌᣇࠫᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵDŽぶ䘚ᣅ䍴㘵ᴽ࣑‫ޜ‬ਨ˄Moody’sInvestorService˅ሩ⇿ᵏ٪‫ࡨ‬㔉ࠪⲴ䇴㓗ᱟBaa2ˈḷ߶Პቄ‫⨳ޘ‬䇴㓗ᴽ࣑‫ޜ‬ਨ˄S&PGlobalRatingsServices˅㔉ࠪⲴ䇴㓗ᱟBBBˈᜐ䂹䇴㓗‫ޜ‬ਨ˄FitchRatings˅㔉ࠪⲴ䇴㓗ᱟBBBDŽ2020ᒤ6ᴸ23ᰕˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ൘ᯠ࣐එ䇱‫ࡨ‬Ӕ᱃ᡰ઼䱯㚄䝻㓣ᯟ䗮‫ݻ‬䘚ᤌ䇱‫ࡨ‬Ӕ᱃ᡰਁ㹼Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬DŽ10ᒤᵏԺ60ᯟ‫ਁࡨ٪ޠ‬㹼仍䗮‫ࡠ‬10ӯ㖾‫ˈݳ‬5ᒤᵏ઼30ᒤᵏԺᯟ‫ਁࡨ٪ޠ‬㹼仍൷Ѫ7.5ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬[66]DŽަѝˈ5ᒤᵏ઼10ᒤᵏᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ൘‫⨳ޘ‬䠁㶽ᐲ൪кਁ㹼仍ᴰሿⲴԺᯟ‫ˈࡨ٪ޠ‬㘼30ᒤᵏᱟަ൘ӊ⍢ᐲ൪кਁ㹼仍ᴰབྷⲴԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌᤷᇊਁ㹼5ᒤᵏⲴ㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ˈࡨ٪ޠ‬ԕኅ⽪ሩ‫ى≄⨳ޘ‬ਈॆ㶽䍴Ⲵ᢯䈪ǃ亶ሬ઼࣋䍑⥞DŽ䘉ᱟঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䲔2019ᒤᓅਁ㹼䴦୞㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬ཆ[67]ˈㅜй⅑൘‫⨳ޘ‬ᐲ൪кਁ㹼㔯㢢Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬DŽ䘉亩Ӕ᱃ㅖਸঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ2020ᒤⲴ㶽䍴䇑‫ˈࡂ‬वᤜᓄሩᯠ‫ߐ‬㛪⚾⯛ᛵⲴᖡ૽ˈԕ৺࣐ᕪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ൘‫⨳ޘ‬Ժᯟ‫ޠ‬䠁㶽ᐲ൪Ⲵൠսˈ᭟ᤱަ൘ӊ⍢ൠ४ⲴਁኅDŽ䘉亩Ӕ᱃ਇ‫ࡠ‬Ҷ‫⨳ޘ‬ਸṬǃཊ‫ॆݳ‬ᣅ䍴㘵Ⲵ✝⛸䘭ᦗˈփ⧠Ҷᣅ䍴㘵ሩঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴؑԫDŽ2020ᒤˈ5ᒤᵏԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬Ⲵᣅ䍴㘵‫࠶‬ᐳྲл˖32%Ѫѝь઼傜ᶕ㾯ӊⲴᣅ䍴㘵ˈ5%Ѫঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᣅ䍴㘵ˈ40%Ѫ䲔ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊԕཆⲴӊ⍢ᣅ䍴㘵ˈ12%Ѫ㖾ഭᣅ䍴㘵ˈ11%Ѫ⅗⍢ᣅ䍴㘵˗10ᒤᵏԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬Ⲵᣅ䍴㘵‫࠶‬ᐳྲл˖Ժᯟ‫ޠ‬ᣅ䍴㘵ঐ31%ˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᣅ䍴㘵ঐ5%ˈ䲔ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊԕཆⲴӊ⍢ᣅ䍴㘵ঐ34%ˈ㖾ഭᣅ䍴㘵ঐ18%ˈ⅗⍢ᣅ䍴㘵ঐ12%˗30ᒤᵏ‫⨳ޘ‬Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬Ⲵᣅ䍴㘵‫࠶‬ᐳྲл˖10%‫ਁ࠶‬㔉Ժᯟ‫ޠ‬ᣅ䍴㘵ˈ5%‫ਁ࠶‬㔉ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᣅ䍴㘵ˈ44%‫ਁ࠶‬㔉䲔ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊԕཆⲴӊ⍢ᣅ䍴㘵ˈ8%‫ਁ࠶‬㔉㖾ഭᣅ䍴㘵ˈ33%‫࠶‬ਁ㔉⅗⍢ᣅ䍴㘵[68]DŽ↔⅑ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਁ㹼Ⲵ‫⨳ޘ‬Ժᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬൘ഭ‫޵‬ཆᣅ䍴㘵ᖃѝᕅ䎧Ҷн䭉Ⲵ৽૽DŽ⭡Ҿਁ㹼䟿བྷˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਟԕ൘‫ࡍ‬࿻ਁ㹼ԧส⹰кл䈳70њส⛩ˈվҾᤷ⽪ᙗ‫ݱޜ‬ԧ٬DŽ‫⨳ޘ‬Ժᯟ‫⭡ࡨ٪ޠ‬SBSNঠᓖቬ㾯ӊㅜйਁ㹼‫ޜ‬ਨ˄SBSNIndonesiaIIIIssuingCompany˅ਁ㹼ˈ䈕‫ޜ‬ਨᱟу䰘Ѫਁ㹼᭯ᓌԺᯟ‫ࡨ٪ޠ‬㘼ᡀ・Ⲵ⌅Ӫᇎփ[69]DŽ˄‫˅ޝ‬ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ઼⭥࣋䜘䰘Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌ѪҶᇎ⧠ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⴞḷˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᗵ享䗵䙏ᢙབྷަਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴ˈ⇿ᒤབྷ㓖䴰㾱ᣅ‫ޕ‬1000ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬ᇎ⧠㜭Ⓚ䖜රⴞḷ[70]DŽ࣐ᕪਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴Ṷ઼ᷦ੨ᕅᴤཊ⿱Ӫ䍴ᵜⲴ᭩䶙ˈᴹࣙҾ᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴਟᤱ㔝㓿⍾༽㣿DŽަѝˈ੨ᕅᴤཊⲴ⿱Ӫ䍴ᵜ䴰㾱˖ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊഭᇦ⭥࣋‫ޜ‬ਨᔪ・ਟ䶐Ⲵ㶽䍴⁑ᔿˈ䘋㹼ᴹ᭸㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ᒦ࣐ᕪ⋫⨶ˈԕᨀ儈‫ޜ‬ਨⲴ䍒઼࣑䘀㩕᭸⦷˗਼ᰦˈ᭩ழਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᣅ䍴Ṷᷦˈ‫׳‬䘋ㄎҹˈᇎ⧠վᡀᵜਁ⭥DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥࣋㹼ъ䶒ѤⲴѫ㾱䳌⺽ᱟ⭥㖁儈ᓖ‫࠶‬ᮓ઼䶎к㖁ൠ४Ⲵ䘀㩕䰞仈ˈवᤜ൏ൠᖱ⭘䰞仈ˈԕ৺ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ਇᖃൠ䬦㹼䲀‫ࡦ‬Ⲵᵚᶕ亩ⴞⲴ㶽䍴ᵪՊ䰞仈DŽ61ഭ䱵⽮Պ䙊䗷㤕ᒢ⑐䚃൘ৼ䗩઼ཊ䗩ส⹰коঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㔃ᡀਸ֌Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫DŽৼ䗩ਸ֌Ⲵ⢩⛩ྲл˖㖾ഭоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਸ֌˖㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢ᤘⅮ䘁1800з㖾‫ݳ‬᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਁኅ␵⌱㜭Ⓚˈᑞࣙ൏ൠ࡙⭘઼㜭Ⓚ㹼ъᖒᡀ‫⻣߿‬㜭࣋DŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ㔗㔝࣐ᕪо㖾ഭ൘㜭Ⓚ઼ⸯӗ䍴Ⓚ亶ฏⲴৼ䗩ਸ֌DŽᰕᵜоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ䖜රਸ֌˖єഭṩᦞ਴㠚Ⲵഭᇦⴞḷ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ㜭Ⓚ䖜ර䐟㓯മˈᇎ⧠߰䴦ᧂ᭮˗ᔰਁ઼䜘㖢ᴹࣙҾ㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴᢰᵟˈ᭟ᤱཊ䗩㹼ࣘˈ࣐ᘛᢰᵟਸ֌˗᭟ᤱ᭯ㆆ‫ࡦ‬ᇊǃӪ᡽ษޫ઼㜭Ⓚ䖜රᯩ䶒Ⲵ⸕䇶‫ޡ‬ӛ˗ᢙབྷ䍨᱃઼ᣅ䍴৲оᓖ˗ᆼழ઼ᨀ儈᭟ᤱ㔯㢢㓿⍾䖜රⲴᵪ‫઼ࡦ‬㜭࣋˗〟ᶱ৲о४ฏ㜭Ⓚ䍨᱃઼⻣ᐲ൪˗ᢙབྷ㔯㢢㶽䍴⑐䚃˗࣐ᕪᵪᶴ઼⿱㩕䜘䰘ਸ֌DŽ⌅ഭоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ࣐ᕪ㜭Ⓚ䖜රਸ֌˖2021ᒤ12ᴸˈ⌅ഭᇓᐳᤘⅮ5ӯ⅗‫ˈݳ‬᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊӾॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ䖜ੁᴤ␵⌱ǃᴤ儈᭸Ⲵ㜭ⓀDŽ◣བྷ࡙ӊоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਸ֌˖2021ᒤ10ᴸˈ◣བྷ࡙ӊоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㚄ਸਁᐳlj㔯㢢㓿⍾о㜭Ⓚ䖜රਸ֌㚄ਸ༠᰾NJDŽᯠ㾯‫ޠ‬оঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਸ֌˖ᯠ㾯‫ޠ‬ሶࠪ䍴360з㖾‫ˈݳ‬᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊੁਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䗷⑑DŽ2017—2022ᒤˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ઼ⸯӗ䍴Ⓚ䜘оᯠ㾯‫ޠ‬ཆӔ䍨᱃䜘ㆮ㖢Ҷа亩Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫ᆹᧂॿ䇞ˈᇎᯭൠ✝䫫᧒亩ⴞDŽᗧഭоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊਸ֌˖ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ઼ᗧഭ᭯ᓌᐢ਼᜿᭟ᤱ“ьইӊ␵⌱ǃਟ䍏ᣵǃᆹ‫ޘ‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞ”лⲴ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䖜රᐕ֌DŽᗧഭ᭯ᓌ䇑‫ࡂ‬൘2025ᒤѻ‫ࡽ‬ᨀ‫׋‬25ӯ⅗‫ݳ‬Ⲵؑ⭘䍧Ⅾˈ᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ≄‫⧟઼ى‬ຳ‫؍‬ᣔ亩ⴞDŽѝഭоঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴਸ֌˖ṩᦞঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᣅ䍴ॿ䈳ငઈՊⲴᮠᦞˈѝഭᐢ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᣅ䍴䘁50ӯ㖾‫ˈݳ‬ঐཆഭⴤ᧕ᣅ䍴ᙫ仍Ⲵ16.7%DŽ⭡Ҿгഭ䳶ഒⲴ䲀‫ˈࡦ‬ѝഭ൘ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴᖡ૽࣋ਟ㜭Պ໎ᕪDŽቭ㇑ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊሶӾ2030ᒤᔰ࿻䙀↕␈⊠⟳➔⭥লˈնሶ➔⛝䖜ॆѪҼ⭢䟊ᡆਸᡀ⟳ᯉˈሩҾ䱽վ⏢ॆ⸣⋩≄઼⟳ᯉ䘋ਓⲴ‫׍‬䎆ᙗӽ❦㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱DŽਖཆˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ䇑‫ࡂ‬Ӿ➔⛝ѝᨀਆ≒≄ˈሶੁѝഭራ≲䍴ᵜ᭟ᤱDŽо↔਼ᰦˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴᐲ൪ᵪՊ৸ሶ‫׳‬䘋ѝഭഭᇦ᭦‫ޕ‬Ⲵ▌൘໎䮯DŽ“аᑖа䐟”ّ䇞ሶᑖᶕᐘབྷⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅ▌࣋ˈवᤜ≤㜭ǃൠ✝㜭ǃ⭏⢙䍘㜭ǃཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կǃ仾㜭઼⎧⌻⌒⎚㜭DŽѝഭ൘ㅜаԓ⤜・ਁ⭥୶亩ⴞлᔪ䇮ҶAsahan3઼PLTA62Poso≤⭥ㄉ˗঑᣹䳶ഒ˄KallaGroup˅л኎ⲴPoso㜭Ⓚ‫ޜ‬ਨ൘⤜・ਁ⭥୶亩ⴞл䘀㩕ѝ㣿᣹ေ㾯ⴱⲴPoso≤⭥ㄉˈն⏑䖞ᵪᱟӾѝഭ䘋ਓ˗ѝഭ‫ޜ‬ਨ൘ь࣐䟼ᴬѩዋ઼㣿᣹ေ㾯ዋᔪ䇮ҶаӋབྷර≤⭥ㄉDŽо↔਼ᰦˈѝഭሩঠᓖቬ㾯ӊⲴ‫ݹ‬Կ㓴Ԧࠪਓ䟿ᴹᡰ໎࣐DŽཊ䗩ਁኅ㶽䍴൘‫׳‬䘋վ⻣㓿⍾ਁኅ䗷〻ѝਁᥕ⵰䟽㾱֌⭘[71]DŽ㠚2015ᒤԕᶕˈ㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢᭟ᤱঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᇎ⧠Ҷ438‫⬖ݶ‬ᰦⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ˈᒦᑞࣙ‫߿‬ቁҶ690з੘Ⲵ⑙ᇔ≄փᧂ᭮䟿˄‫ࡠ‬2030ᒤˈሶ໎࣐‫ࡠ‬4800з੘˅ˈᒦ䈳ࣘҶ16.2ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬Ⲵ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ⿱Ӫ઼‫ޡޜ‬ᣅ䍴˄㖾ഭഭ䱵ᔰਁ㖢ˈ2022ᒤ˅DŽ2019ᒤˈ֌Ѫਖ㊫ᣅ䍴ส䠁˄AIF˅Ⲵа䜘‫ˈ࠶‬ьⴏоӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼৺ަԆѫ㾱㶽䍴ᵪᶴਸ֌ˈ䈳ࣘҶ10ӯ㖾‫ݳ‬Ⲵ㶽䍴䍧Ⅾˈ࣐ᘛьইӊⲴ㔯㢢ส⹰䇮ᯭᣅ䍴DŽ㶽䍴䍧ⅮᵪᶴवᤜAIF˄7500з㖾‫˅ݳ‬ǃӊ⍢ᔰਁ䬦㹼˄3ӯ㖾‫˅ݳ‬ǃᗧഭ༽‫ؑޤ‬䍧䬦㹼˄3.4ӯ㖾‫˅ݳ‬ǃ⅗⍢ᣅ䍴䬦㹼˄1.5ӯ⅗‫⌅઼˅ݳ‬ഭᔰਁ㖢˄1.5ӯ⅗‫˅ݳ‬[72]DŽ2021ᒤ11ᴸˈঠᓖቬ㾯ӊоഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᵪᶴㆮ㖢Ҷа亩Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫ॿ䇞ˈৼᯩሶᇶ‫࠷‬ਸ֌ˈ⺞ᇊ઼ᇎᯭㅖਸljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⴞḷⲴվ⻣ਁኅ䐟ᖴDŽ˄г˅ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘վ⻣䖜රⲴ᭯ㆆᔪ䇞ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊඊᇊൠ㠤࣋Ҿ᧘䘋⭥࣋㹼ъⲴվ⻣䖜ර䘋〻ˈ䘉ᐢ㻛㓣‫ޕ‬lj2020—2024ᒤഭᇦѝᵏਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬NJѝˈ䟽⛩ᱟ䙀↕␈⊠ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ઼࣐ᘛਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ࡙⭘DŽ⭥࣋㹼ъⲴվ⻣ਁኅˈ䴰㾱ᔪ・ᆼᮤⲴᢰᵟᡈ⮕઼㶽䍴փ㌫ˈнᓄԕ⢪⢢⧟ຳਟᤱ㔝ᙗ઼⽮ՊवᇩᙗѪԓԧˈᱟ䘋а↕‫׳‬䘋㓿⍾໎䮯Ⲵ‫ޣ‬䭞DŽѪҶᇎ⧠䘉а䟽བྷ䖜රˈᔪ䇞ѫ㾱࡙⳺⴨‫ޣ‬㘵઼ਁኅਸ֌Չդᵚᶕ‫ࠐ‬ᒤ䴰㾱䟷ਆԕл㹼ࣘ˖1ǃ࣐ᕪ᭯ㆆ᢯䈪ˈ‫⌱␵◰ࡪ‬㜭Ⓚᐲ൪DŽᔪ・ᢦᤱᙗᐲ൪᭯ㆆ઼ⴁ㇑Ṷᷦˈԕ੨ᕅっᇊ઼ਟ亴⍻Ⲵᣅ䍴ˈᑞࣙ‫ݻ‬ᴽⴁ㇑䳌⺽ˈᒦ⺞‫؍‬ᯠⲴվ⻣亩ⴞᴹਟ亴⍻Ⲵ᭦‫ޕ‬ᶕⓀ˗䇮ᇊ᰾⺞Ⲵ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ㹼ъⴞḷˈྲ␵⌱➔⛝ǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚǃ⭥㖁㜭᭸ˈᒦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊу䰘Ⲵᇎᯭ᭯ㆆDŽֻྲˈ䘛‫࠷‬䴰㾱ᨀ‫׋‬ᕪᴹ࣋Ⲵᐲ൪ؑਧˈ֌Ѫ߰䴦ᧂ઼᭮ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ⴞḷⲴа䜘‫ˈ࠶‬৽᱐᭯ᓌሩվ⻣㜭Ⓚ㹼ъਁኅⲴ᢯䈪˗ṩᦞ਴ⴱԭ䍴ⓀⲴ‫ݵ‬䏣ᙗ઼ާփᛵ‫ˈߥ‬䟷ਆк㖁⭥ԧǃⓒԧ㺕䍤˅ǃਆ⎸Პ䙽Ⲵ㺕䍤઼䘲ᖃⲴ㜭Ⓚᇊԧㅹ㺕‫ݵ‬᧚ᯭˈѪվ⻣⭥࣋㹼ъⲴਁኅᨀ‫׋‬‫ޜ‬ᒣⲴㄎҹ⧟ຳ˗ُ䢤ьইӊൠ४ަԆਁኅѝ઼ᯠ‫ޤ‬㓿⍾փ˄ྲѝഭ˅Ⲵ᭯ㆆ㓿傼˄ᰐ䇪ᡀ࣏о੖˅ˈѪঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ㜭Ⓚ㹼ъ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රᨀ‫׋‬ᇍ䍥Ⲵ㓿傼DŽ632ǃ䈳ࣘ⿱㩕䜘䰘ᣅ䍴վ⻣㜭Ⓚ䖜රDŽ‫ޡޜ‬䍴䠁ӽሶਁᥕ䟽㾱Ⲵۜॆ֌⭘ˈնབྷ䜘‫࠶‬Ⲵᯠ໎ᣅ䍴ᗵ享ᶕ㠚⿱㩕䜘䰘DŽѪҶ䈳ࣘ⿱㩕䜘䰘ᣅ䍴ˈᇎᯭⲴᯠᡈ⮕ᗵ享䟽⛩ᔰਁ仾䲙㕃䀓ᐕާ઼㔃ᶴᙗ㶽䍴ˈԕᔪ䇮ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ䎠ᓺ亩ⴞDŽѪҶᢙབྷ䐘ⴱ亩ⴞᣅ䍴ˈ䴰㾱㔃ਸՐ㔏Ⲵ‫ޡޜ‬㶽䍴⑐䚃оᯠⲴ⿱㩕䜘䰘ᣅ䍴DŽཆഭⴤ᧕ᣅ䍴઼ഭ䱵䠁㶽ᵪᶴ˄ྲӊ⍢ส⹰䇮ᯭᣅ䍴䬦㹼˅䜭ԕѪᇎ⧠䘉аⴞḷ‫ࠪڊ‬䍑⥞DŽ3ǃ‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬վ⻣㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ䐘亶ฏᖡ૽DŽ‫׳‬䘋઼㧧ਆਟ䶐ǃਟ䍏ᣵⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼␵⌱➔⛝ᢰᵟˈਟሩਁኅӗ⭏҈ᮠ᭸ᓄDŽቔަᱟਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ઼➔⛝✝᭸⦷䀓‫ᯩߣ‬Ṹਟԕᢙབྷ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄˈᨀ儈⭏ӗ࣋ˈ‫ࡋ‬䙐ቡъᵪՊˈ‫׳‬䘋ᴰнਁ䗮ⴱԭⲴ‫߿‬䍛ᐕ֌DŽ൘‫ࡦ‬ᇊᇎᯭਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⴞḷ઼ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⲴᡈ⮕ᰦˈᗵ享㘳㲁վ⻣㜭ⓀⲴᒯ⌋ਁኅDŽѝഭㅹਁኅਸ֌Չդਟ䙊䗷ᢙབྷᢰᵟ઼㓿⍾ਸ֌ㅹᯩᔿ᭟ᤱ䘉а䘋〻DŽ4ǃᔪ・փ‫ࡦ‬ᵪᶴ઼Ӫઈ㜭࣋ˈ᭟ᤱਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ࡙⭘઼␵⌱ॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴਁኅDŽӾ㓿⍾᭯ㆆ⌅㿴‫ࡠ‬ഭ䱵亩ⴞᔰਁˈ᭯ᓌ਴䜘䰘ǃ㶽䍴ᵪᶴ઼վ⻣ᢰᵟ᧘ᒯᵪᶴᓄᔪ・ᒯ⌋Ⲵ㜭࣋DŽॿ䈳н਼Ⲵ࡙⳺⴨‫ޣ‬㘵ˈሩҾ⺞‫؍‬⢙䍘ᙗส⹰䇮ᯭ઼䝽྇䖟᧚ᯭ˄ྲ⭥㖁㿴㤳ㅹḷ߶˅о࣐ᘛվ⻣㜭Ⓚส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮‫؍‬ᤱ਼↕㠣‫ޣ‬䟽㾱DŽ5ǃ࣐ᕪ४ฏ઼ഭ䱵ਸ֌ᯩᔿDŽ䙊䗷४ฏਸ֌ˈ䘎᧕ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⭥㖁о䛫ഭ⭥㖁ˈ䟷ਆ‫਼ޡ‬᧚ᯭᨀ儈⭥㖁᭸⦷઼ḷ߶ˈᨀ儈ㄎҹ࣋ˈ੨ᕅᴤཊᣅ䍴ˈᨀ儈䍒࣑㜭࣋ˈ‫◰ࡪ‬䐘ຳ㜭Ⓚ䍨᱃ˈᒦ൘࣐ᘛ䜘㖢վ⻣ᢰᵟᯩ䶒ਆᗇ‫਼ޡ‬䘋ኅDŽঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ৺ަਁኅਸ֌Չդ˄ྲѝഭ˅ᓄᣃտᵪՊˈ൘㜭Ⓚӂ㚄ӂ䙊઼䐘ຳ㜭Ⓚ䍨᱃ᯩ䶒䘋㹼઼ഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈᒦ啃࣡ཊቲ⅑Ⲵ࡙⳺⴨‫ޣ‬㘵৲оDŽ64ㅜӄㄐѝഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ㓿傼——ԕ‫ݹ‬ԿӗъѪֻѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᤱ㔝‫؍‬ᤱ⵰ᘛ䙏໎䮯Ⲵᘱ࣯ˈっት‫⨳ޘ‬ㅜаDŽ㠚1983ᒤѝഭㅜаᓗᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ѫ10ॳ⬖Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉᔪ・ԕᶕˈѝഭⲴ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥䙀↕䎠ੁᡀ⟏ᒦ亶‫ݸ‬Ҿц⭼DŽ㠣Ӻˈѝഭᐢ㓿ᱟ‫⨳ޘ‬ᴰབྷⲴ‫ݹ‬Կᐲ൪DŽ2021ᒤˈѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䘎㔝9ᒤսት‫⨳ޘ‬俆սˈ㍟䇑㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䘎㔝7ᒤսት‫⨳ޘ‬俆սDŽ2021ᒤˈѝഭ仾࣋ǃ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥䟿нӵ൘ਁ⭥ᙫ䟿ѝⲴঐ∄ケ⹤10%ˈ䗮‫ࡠ‬11.2%ˈަᒤ໎䮯⦷ҏ‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬Ҷ32%઼27%ˈት‫⨳ޘ‬亶‫ݸ‬ൠս[73]DŽ䘁ᒤᶕѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կᯠ໎৺㍟䇑㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᛵ‫ྲߥ‬മ5.1.1ᡰ⽪DŽമ5.1.1ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կᯠ໎৺㍟䇑㻵ᵪᛵ‫˄ߥ‬зॳ⬖˅˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᙫ㔃˅䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կᱟѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵѫփ䜘‫࠶ˈ࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ໎࣯䗵⥋ᒦᐢᡀѪ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ䟽㾱㓴ᡀ䜘‫࠶‬DŽ2021ᒤѻ‫ˈࡽ‬ѝഭⲴ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կਁኅ䗵⥋ˈ൘‫ݹ‬Կᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ѝঐѫሬൠսˈնަਁኅ↕Հ↓ធធ᭮㕃DŽ䲿⵰䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉⲴ⎸㓣䰞仈઼ᡀᵜ䰞仈ᰕ⳺‫ࠨ‬ᱮˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ䙀⑀ᡀѪ᧘ࣘѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ਁኅⲴѝඊ࣋䟿DŽ2021ᒤˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ѫ29ਹ⬖ˈ俆⅑䎵䗷Ҷ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ˄24ਹ⬖˅DŽ䘁ᒤᶕѝഭ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կо‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᛵ‫ྲߥ‬മ5.1.2ᡰ⽪DŽ65മ5.1.2ѝഭ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կо‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ᛵ‫˄ߥ‬зॳ⬖˅˄ᶕⓀ˖ṩᦞഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ⴨‫ޣ‬ᮠᦞᙫ㔃˅жȽѣള‫ݿ‬Յਇ⭫Ⲻਇኋ়ぁ˄а˅2007ᒤԕ‫ݹ˖ࡽ‬ԿⲴ䎧↕䱦⇥ѝഭⲴ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞᔪ䇮࿻Ҿ20ц㓚70ᒤԓˈնਇ‫ࡦ‬Ҿਁ⭥ᡀᵜⲴ儈ᰲˈ2000ᒤ‫ࡽ‬ഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կབྷཊ䲀Ҿሿ࣏⦷⤜・⭥Ⓚ㌫㔏ˈᒦᵚᇎ⧠བྷ㿴⁑ਁኅDŽ2000ᒤԕਾˈഭᇦ੟ࣘ䘱⭥‫ࡠ‬ґǃ‫ݹ‬᰾ᐕ〻ㅹа㌫‫ࡇ‬ᢦᤱ亩ⴞˈѪ‫ٿ‬䘌ൠ४䀓‫⭥⭘ߣ‬䰞仈ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ൘ѝഭᔰ੟Ҷሿ㿴⁑ᓄ⭘ˈնᮤփ㘼䀰ഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կᐲ൪䴰≲䖳ቁDŽᦞ㔏䇑ˈ2007ᒤѻ‫ˈࡽ‬ഭ‫޵‬ᐢᔪ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞѝˈ54%኎Ҿ୶ъॆ亩ⴞ˄䙊઼ؑᐕъǃ୶ъॆ⽪㤳亩ⴞ˅ˈਖཆ46%Ⲵ亩ⴞ䴰㾱᭯ᓌ઼᭯ㆆⲴ᭟ᤱ˗94.9%Ѫ⿫㖁亩ⴞˈ5.1%Ѫᒦ㖁亩ⴞ˄ѫ㾱Ѫᔪㆁᒦ㖁ǃ㦂═ᒦ㖁˅DŽ䈕䱦⇥ˈ亩ⴞѫ㾱Ѫ䶎ᐲ൪ॆ傡ࣘˈঅփᇩ䟿䖳ሿˈфᮤփᮠ䟿䖳ቁDŽֻྲˈ2002ᒤ⭡৏ഭᇦ䇑ငਁ䎧Ҷ“㾯䜘ⴱ४ᰐ⭥ґ䙊⭥䇑‫ˈ”ࡂ‬ᰘ൘䙊䗷‫ݹ‬Կԕ৺ሿර仾⭥䀓‫ߣ‬㾯䜘гⴱԭ700ཊњᰐ⭥ґᶁⲴ⭘⭥䰞仈DŽ2004ᒤ8ᴸˈ␡ൣഝঊഝ1‫ݹ⬖ݶ‬Կਁ⭥ᒦ㖁㌫㔏ᔪᡀˈⴞⲴ൘Ҿປ㺕ᡁഭ‫⬖ݶ‬㓗ᒦ㖁‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞ䇮䇑઼ᔪ䇮кⲴオⲭDŽ2005ᒤ8ᴸˈ㾯㯿㖺‫ޛ‬Ӆ儈঻ᒦ㖁‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉᔪᡀˈㅜа⅑ᇎ⧠Ҷ100ॳ⬖‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉⴤ᧕᧕‫ޕ‬儈঻⭥㖁ˈᒦ亪࡙䘀㹼DŽ2007ᒤˈк⎧ᐲጷ᰾४‫ࡽ‬ছᶁ1‫ݹ⬖ݶ‬Կᔪㆁ俆⅑㧧ᢩк㖁⭥ԧѪ4‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦDŽਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴ⌅‫ࡦ‬ൠս↓ᔿ⺞・ˈնᱟ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵާփ᧘ࣘ᭯ㆆӽᆈ㕪սDŽ2005ᒤ2ᴸ28ᰕˈㅜॱቺ‫ޘ‬ഭӪ≁ԓ㺘བྷՊᑨ࣑ငઈՊㅜॱഋ⅑Պ䇞䙊䗷ljѝॾӪ≁‫઼ޡ‬ഭਟ‫޽‬66⭏㜭Ⓚ⌅NJˈ㠚2006ᒤ1ᴸ1ᰕ䎧ᯭ㹼DŽ䘉ᱟᡁഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅਢкⲴ䟼〻⻁ˈ਼ᰦҏѪᡁഭཚ䱣㜭ӗъⲴਁኅ⌘‫ޕ‬Ҷа䪸ᕪᗳ‫ࡲ‬DŽljѝॾӪ≁‫઼ޡ‬ഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⌅NJㅜॱгᶑ᰾⺞㿴ᇊ˖ഭᇦ啃࣡অս઼њӪᆹ㻵઼֯⭘ཚ䱣㜭✝≤㌫㔏ǃཚ䱣㜭‫✝׋‬䟷᳆઼‫ߧࡦ‬㌫㔏ǃཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㌫㔏ㅹཚ䱣㜭࡙⭘㌫㔏DŽሩҾъ⭼Პ䙽‫⌘ޣ‬Ⲵཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥к㖁⭥ԧⲴ䰞仈ˈ䈕⌅ҏ൘ㅜॱҍᶑ‫ࠪڊ‬㿴ᇊ˖ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥亩ⴞⲴк㖁⭥ԧˈ⭡ഭ࣑䲒ԧṬѫ㇑䜘䰘ṩᦞн਼㊫රਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥Ⲵ⢩⛩઼н਼ൠ४Ⲵᛵ‫➗᤹ˈߥ‬ᴹ࡙Ҿ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᔰਁ࡙⭘઼㓿⍾ਸ⨶Ⲵ৏‫⺞ࡉ‬ᇊˈᒦṩᦞਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᔰਁ࡙⭘ᢰᵟⲴਁኅ䘲ᰦ䈳ᮤDŽк㖁⭥ԧᓄᖃ‫ޜ‬ᐳDŽ2007ᒤ8ᴸˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငਁᐳljਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚѝ䮯ᵏਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬NJˈަѝሩཚ䱣㜭‫ࡦ⭘࡙⭥ݹ઼✝ݹ‬ᇊҶ᰾⺞Ⲵⴞḷ˖Ѫ‫׳‬䘋ѝഭཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥ᢰᵟⲴਁኅˈ‫ྭڊ‬ཚ䱣㜭ᢰᵟᡈ⮕༷ۘˈᔪ䇮㤕ᒢњཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥⽪㤳⭥ㄉ઼ཚ䱣㜭✝ਁ⭥⽪㤳⭥ㄉDŽ‫ࡠ‬2010ᒤˈཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥ᙫᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬300‫ࡠˈ⬖ݶ‬2020ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬1800‫⬖ݶ‬DŽ˄Ҽ˅2008—2012ᒤ˖‫ݹ‬Կ‫↕ࡍ‬ᐲ൪ॆ2008ᒤ䠁㶽ডᵪѻਾˈ䲿⵰⅗⍢䴰≲໎䙏䎻㕃ˈ‫ݹ‬Կӗ૱ԧṬࠪ⧠᳤䏼DŽѝഭ‫ݹ‬ԿԱъᲞ䙽䚝䙷ሂ‫ˈߜ‬㓴Ԧࠪਓ䭀‫߿‬DŽѪҶᢦᤱ‫ݹ‬Կ䘉аᯠ‫、ޤ‬ᢰ㹼ъਁኅˈഭᇦᔰ࿻᧘ࣘᔰਁഭ‫޵‬ᐲ൪ˈ2009ᒤˈ᭯ᓌ䜘䰘‫ݸ‬ਾᔰኅҶ⢩䇨ᵳᤋḷǃཚ䱣㜭‫⭥ݹ‬ᔪㆁ⽪㤳亩ⴞǃ䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻ㅹˈᒦ⴨ᓄ䝽྇Ҷ〟ᶱⲴ䍒᭯◰࣡᭯ㆆˈᢙབྷഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կ㓸ㄟᐲ൪DŽѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᔰ࿻䙊䗷⌘䟽㺕䍤᣹ࣘഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կਁኅ‫޵‬䴰DŽ2009ᒤ7ᴸˈ䍒᭯䜘ǃ、ᢰ䜘ǃഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ㚄ਸঠਁҶlj䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻䍒᭯㺕ࣙ䍴䠁㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJDŽй䜘䰘䇑‫ࡂ‬൘ᵚᶕ2̚3ᒤ‫޵‬䙊䗷100ӯ‫ݳ‬ᐖਣⲴ䍴䠁㺕ࣙˈ᫜ࣘഭ‫޵‬500‫⬖ݶ‬ԕкⲴ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥⽪㤳亩ⴞˈᡀ࣏ᔰ੟ഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կᐲ൪Ⲵᔪ䇮DŽ䈕᮷Ԧ㿴ᇊ˖ሩᒦ㖁‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞˈഭᇦሶ৏‫ࡉ‬к᤹‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㌫㔏৺ަ䝽྇䗃䝽⭥ᐕ〻ᙫᣅ䍴Ⲵ50%㔉Ҹ㺕ࣙ˗ަѝ‫ٿ‬䘌ᰐ⭥ൠ४Ⲵ⤜・‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㌫㔏᤹ᙫᣅ䍴Ⲵ70%㔉Ҹ㺕ࣙ˗ሩҾ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥‫ޣ‬䭞ᢰᵟӗъॆ઼ส⹰㜭࣋ᔪ䇮亩ⴞˈѫ㾱䙊䗷䍤᚟઼㺕ࣙⲴᯩᔿ㔉Ҹ᭟ᤱDŽঅњ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿нվҾ300ጠ⬙ǃᔪ䇮ઘᵏ৏‫ࡉ‬кн䎵䗷1ᒤǃ䘀㹼ᵏнቁҾ20ᒤⲴˈ኎Ҿഭᇦ䍒᭯㺕ࣙⲴ亩ⴞ㤳ത‫޵‬DŽਖཆˈ᭯ㆆҏ㿴ᇊᒦ㖁‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞⲴъѫঅսᙫ䍴ӗᓄнቁҾ1ӯ‫ˈݳ‬亩ⴞ䍴䠁нվҾᙫᣅ䍴Ⲵ30%DŽ⤜・‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥‫ޣ‬䭞ᢰᵟӗъॆ⽪㤳亩ⴞԕ৺ḷ߶‫ࡦ‬ᇊˈҏ㻛‫ޕࡇ‬㺕䍤Ⲵ㤳⮤ѻ‫޵‬DŽަѝቡवᤜҶ⹵ᶀᯉᨀ㓟ǃ᧗‫ࡦ‬䘶ਈಘǃᒦ㖁䘀㹼ㅹ‫ޣ‬䭞ᢰᵟӗъॆ亩ⴞˈԕ৺ཚ䱣㜭䍴Ⓚ䇴ԧǃ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ӗ૱৺ᒦ㖁ᢰᵟḷ߶ǃ㿴㤳‫ࡦ‬ᇊ઼Ự⍻䇔䇱փ㌫ᔪ䇮ㅹDŽ67⅗㖾“ৼ৽”᭯ㆆ‫֯׳‬ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ䖜ੁഭ‫޵‬ᐲ൪ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ࡙ྭ᭯ㆆ仁ࠪ᧘ࣘҶഭ‫ݹ޵‬ԿⲴ䗵䙏ᐲ൪ॆDŽ2011ᒤкॺᒤˈ‫⨳ޘ‬㤳ത‫޵‬ਇ䍴ᵜ䙀࡙ᖡ૽ˈབྷ䟿䍴ᵜ䘋‫ݹޕ‬Կᐲ൪ሬ㠤ӗ㜭ᢙᕐ˗2011ᒤлॺᒤˈ⅗٪ডᵪ⠶ਁˈ⅗⍢ഭᇦᔰ࿻䱽վ‫ݹ‬Կӗъ㺕䍤࣋ᓖˈሬ㠤⅗㖾‫ݹ‬Կᐲ൪Ⲵ⧟ຳᙕ‫ࢗ‬ᚦॆˈ㖾ഭ୶࣑䜘ሩѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կӗ૱Ⲵ“ৼ৽”↓ᔿ・ṸDŽ2012ᒤˈ⅗ⴏҏᔰ࿻Ҷሩѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥⊐Ⲵ৽‫ٮ‬䬰䈳ḕDŽ䘉ሬ㠤ѕ䟽‫׍‬䎆ࠪਓⲴѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կӗъ䲧‫ޕ‬ഠຳˈབྷ䟿Աъ‫ڌ‬ӗ‫ق‬䰝ˈᡁഭ‫ݹ‬Կӗъᔰ࿻‫⭊┎ڌ‬㠣㺠䘰DŽ਼ᵏˈѝഭ᭯ᓌҏ࣐བྷҶሩ‫ݹ‬Կᓄ⭘Ⲵᢦᤱ࣋ᓖDŽ2011ᒤ8ᴸˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငਁᐳҶlj‫ޣ‬Ҿᆼழཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥к㖁⭥ԧ᭯ㆆⲴ䙊⸕NJˈ᰾⺞㿴ᇊሩ䶎ᤋḷཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞᇎ㹼‫ޘ‬ഭ㔏аⲴḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧDŽ2011ᒤ7ᴸ1ᰕԕ‫ࡽ‬Ṩ߶ᔪ䇮ǃ2011ᒤ12ᴸ31ᰕᔪᡀᣅӗǃഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငቊᵚṨᇊԧṬⲴཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞˈк㖁⭥ԧ㔏аṨᇊѪ⇿ॳ⬖ᰦ1.15‫˄ݳ‬ਜ਼〾˅DŽ2011ᒤ7ᴸ1ᰕ৺ԕਾṨ߶Ⲵཚ䱣㜭‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞˈ䲔㾯㯿ӽᢗ㹼⇿ॳ⬖ᰦ1.15‫ݳ‬Ⲵк㖁⭥ԧཆˈަ։ⴱ˄४ǃᐲ˅к㖁⭥ԧ൷᤹⇿ॳ⬖ᰦ1‫ݳ‬ᢗ㹼DŽ2011ᒤ11ᴸˈ䍒᭯䜘ǃഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙င઼ഭᇦ㜭ⓀተਁᐳҶljਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅส䠁ᖱ᭦֯⭘㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJˈᨀࠪ⭥࣋⭘ᡧᓄ㕤㓣Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥ԧ䱴࣐⭡⭥㖁Աъԓᖱˈ❦ਾӾ㺕䍤䍴䠁⊐ѝˈṩᦞਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ亩ⴞⲴḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧ儈Ҿᖃൠ㝡⺛⟳➔ᵪ㓴ḷᵶ⭥ԧⲴᐞ仍㺕䍤㔉ਁ⭥ԱъDŽ2012ᒤ7ᴸˈഭᇦ㜭ⓀተਁᐳҶljཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥ਁኅ“ॱҼӄ”㿴‫ࡂ‬NJˈᒦ੟ࣘҶ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥⽪㤳४ㅹа㌫‫ࡇ‬᧚ᯭDŽ൘↔ᵏ䰤ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ㌫㔏ᡀᵜҏࠪ⧠Ҷᘛ䙏л䱽ˈ‫ݹ‬Կᐲ൪൘ഭ‫޵‬ᔰ࿻䙀↕എ᳆DŽ˄й˅2013—2017ᒤ˖‫ݹ‬Կ㿴⁑ॆ䱦⇥᜿䇶‫ࡠ‬䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻亩ⴞᆈ൘Ⲵн䏣ਾˈ䍒᭯䜘Ҿ2013ᒤ5ᴸлਁҶlj䍒᭯䜘‫ޣ‬Ҿ␵㇇䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻䍒᭯㺕ࣙ䍴䠁Ⲵ䙊⸕NJˈሩ਴ⴱᐲⲴ䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻亩ⴞ䘋㹼␵㇇ˈሩҾ“⋑ᴹ᤹ᵏᆼᐕⲴ亩ⴞˈ㾱≲ਆ⎸⽪㤳ᐕ〻ˈ᭦എ㺕䍤䍴䠁˗⋑ᴹ᤹ᵏᒦ㖁Ⲵ亩ⴞˈ‫ࡉ‬Պ㻛Ჲᰦ᭦എ㺕䍤䍴䠁ˈᖵᒦ㖁ਁ⭥ਾ‫޽‬ᶕ࠭⭣䈧ᤘԈ”DŽ㠣↔ˈ䠁ཚ䱣⽪㤳ᐕ〻ᰦᵏ㔃ᶏˈѝഭ᜸ਁ⌘䟽‫ݹ‬ԿⲴഭ‫޵‬ᐲ൪ॆDŽ‫ݹ‬ԿਁኅⲴ㓢亶ᙗ᮷Ԧਁᐳˈ‫ݹ‬Կ↓ᔿ䗸‫࠶ޕ‬䍴Ⓚ४ḷᵶ⭥ԧ઼ᓖ⭥㺕䍤ⲴᰦԓDŽ2013ᒤ7ᴸˈഭ࣑䲒ਁᐳlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ‫׳‬䘋‫ݹ‬Կӗъ‫ڕ‬ᓧਁኅⲴ㤕ᒢ᜿㿱NJˈнӵᨀࠪ“2013ᒤ㠣2015ᒤˈᒤ൷ᯠ໎‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿10ਹ⬖ᐖਣˈ‫ࡠ‬2015ᒤᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬35ਹ⬖ԕк”Ⲵާփᔪ䇮ⴞḷˈҏ俆⅑Ӿ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃᒦ㖁ǃ⭥ԧǃ㶽䍴ǃᢰᵟǃӗ㜭‫ޝ‬њᯩ䶒‫ࠪڊ‬ҶާփᆹᧂˈᨀࠪӾ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿǃ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉǃഭ䱵ᐲ൪ㅹн਼ᶯඇ〟ᶱᔰᤃᓄ⭘ᐲ൪DŽֻྲˈ᮷68Ԧ啃࣡‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ亩ⴞᔪ䇮ˈᨀࠪᔪ䇮100њ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㿴⁑ᓄ⭘⽪㤳४ǃ1000њ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᓄ⭘⽪㤳ሿ䭷৺⽪㤳ᶁDŽ਼ᰦˈ᭯ㆆ᰾⺞Ҷ‫ݹ‬Կ㺕䍤ᵏ䲀Ѫ20ᒤˈᨀࠪҶ‫࠶‬४ฏ‫ࡦ‬ᇊḷᵶ⭥ԧˈ㺕䍤䍴䠁ᶕⓀѪਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚส䠁䱴࣐ˈ㔃㇇ᯩᔿѪ⭥㖁Աъоਁ⭥Աъ㔃㇇DŽ䘉ԭ᮷ԦⲴਁᐳ᜿ણ⵰㠚“ॱҼӄ”ѻਾˈ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㧧ᗇѝཞቲ䶒Ⲵ㌫㔏᭯ㆆ᭟ᤱˈ䘉ᱟ‫ࡽ‬ᡰᵚᴹⲴǃ䪸ሩ‫ݹ‬ԿӗъⲴᢦᤱ᭯ㆆˈѪ‫ݹ‬Կла䱦⇥Ⲵਁኅ䇮・Ҷ␵ᲠⲴⴞḷDŽ2013ᒤ8ᴸ26ᰕˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငਁᐳҶlj‫ޣ‬ҾਁᥕԧṬᶐᵶ֌⭘‫׳‬䘋‫ݹ‬Կӗъ‫ڕ‬ᓧਁኅⲴ䙊⸕NJˈᨀࠪṩᦞ਴ൠཚ䱣㜭䍴Ⓚ઼ᔪ䇮ᡀᵜᐞᔲˈሶ‫ޘ‬ഭ‫࠶‬Ѫй㊫ཚ䱣㜭䍴Ⓚ४ˈ਴㊫䍴Ⓚ४‫ࡦ‬ᇊн਼Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ“ḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧ”ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ亩ⴞ⭡↔↓ᔿ↕‫ޕ‬ḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧ䱦⇥DŽ‫ݹ‬Կ㺕䍤䙀⑀л䈳‫׳‬䘋Ҷഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵ䗵䙏໎䮯ˈ‫ݹ‬Կ“亶䐁㘵”䇑‫ࡂ‬᧘ࣘҶ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ԧṬл䱽઼ᢰᵟоӗъⲴ䘋↕DŽ䲿⵰ഭ‫޵‬㓴ԦԧṬⲴл䱽ˈ2015ᒤ12ᴸ22ᰕˈഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተਁᐳlj‫ޣ‬Ҿᆼழ䱶к仾⭥‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥к㖁ḷᵶ⭥ԧ᭯ㆆⲴ䙊⸕NJˈㅜа⅑ᨀࠪሩḷᵶ⭥ԧ䘋㹼л䈳DŽሩҾ2016ᒤ1ᴸ1ᰕԕਾ༷Ṹ㓣‫ޕ‬ᒤᓖ㿴⁑㇑⨶Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞˈᯠⲴᯩṸ㿴ᇊI㊫ൠ४ḷᵶ⭥ԧѪ0.8‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈII㊫ൠ४ḷᵶ⭥ԧѪ0.88‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈIII㊫ൠ४ḷᵶ⭥ԧѪ0.98‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦDŽ਼ᰦˈ᮷Ԧ㿴ᇊሩҾ2016ᒤѻ‫༷ࡽ‬Ṹᒦ㓣‫ޕ‬ᒤᓖ㿴⁑㇑⨶Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞˈ2016ᒤ6ᴸ30ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ᒦ㖁Ⲵӛਇѻ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ⭥ԧˈѻਾᣅ䘀Ⲵ᤹2016ᒤḷᵶ⭥ԧᢗ㹼DŽ᭯ㆆᨀࠪਾˈᕅਁҶᖃᒤⲴ“630”ᣒ㻵▞DŽ㔏䇑ᮠᦞᱮ⽪ˈ2016ᒤㅜаᆓᓖഭ‫޵‬ᯠ໎‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿儈䗮7.14ਹ⬖ˈ᧕䘁2015ᒤ‫ޘ‬ᒤ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ⲵаॺ˗㘼кॺᒤᯠ໎ᒦ㖁㻵ᵪᇩ䟿22.5ਹ⬖ˈӵ6ᴸԭঅᴸᒦ㖁㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ቡ䗮11.3ਹ⬖DŽ2015ᒤˈഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ䇑‫ࡂ‬ᇎ㹼‫ݹ‬Կᢦᤱу亩䇑‫“——ࡂ‬亶䐁㘵”䇑‫ࡂ‬DŽ䈕䇑‫ࡂ‬㾱≲亩ⴞ䟷⭘‫ݸ‬䘋ᢰᵟӗ૱ˈᔪ䇮‫ݸ‬䘋ᢰᵟ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥⽪㤳สൠ઼⽪㤳ᐕ〻DŽ“亶䐁㘵”䇑‫ࡂ‬ѝᡰ䟷⭘ᢰᵟ઼֯⭘Ⲵ㓴Ԧ䜭ᱟ㹼ъ亶‫ݸ‬Ⲵᢰᵟ઼ӗ૱ˈ⭘Ҿᔪ䇮ᤕᴹ‫ݸ‬䘋ᢰᵟⲴ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥⽪㤳สൠǃᯠᢰᵟᓄ⭘⽪㤳ᐕ〻ㅹDŽާփᇎᯭᯩᔿѪഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ㔏ㆩཊњབྷරǃՈ䍘⭥ㄉ䍴Ⓚᔰኅᤋᣅḷˈᔰਁ୶䙊䗷ㄎԧⲴᯩᔿᣅḷㄎҹDŽ2016ᒤˈ‫ޛ‬њ“亶䐁㘵”สൠ˄ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮5.5ਹ⬖˅㓿䗷◰⛸ㄎԧˈᇎ⧠Ҷ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ԧṬⲴབྷᑵл䱽ˈᴰվѝḷԧṬվ㠣0.45‫/ݳ‬ॳ⬖ᰦˈᐢ㓿᧕䘁⟳➔ḷᵶ⭥ԧDŽ⭡Ҿ᭯ㆆⲴᢦᤱ઼䖳儈Ⲵ㺕䍤ḷ߶ˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ੸⧠ࠪ䗵⥋Ⲵਁኅᘱ࣯DŽ2016ᒤਁᐳⲴljཚ䱣㜭ਁኅ“ॱйӄ”㿴‫ࡂ‬NJ㾱≲ˈ2020ᒤ‫࠶ˈࡽ‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㻵ᵪᇩ䟿⇿ᒤ㾱໎69࣐10ਹ⬖ˈ‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤ㠣ቁ㾱䗮‫ࡠ‬60ਹ⬖ˈ਼ᵏ㾱ᔪ・100њ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⽪㤳४ˈ80%Ⲵᯠᔪᔪㆁቻ亦઼50%Ⲵᐢᴹᔪㆁቻ亦㾱ᆹ㻵‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ㌫㔏DŽ⭡Ҿ䳶ѝᔿᤷḷ㿴⁑Ⲵ‫߿‬ቁˈԕ৺㓴ԦԧṬл䱽ն‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㺕䍤ᵚ֌䈳ᮤˈ2017ᒤкॺᒤഭ‫޵‬㍟䇑ᯠ໎‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿㿴⁑24.4ਹ⬖ˈަѝ䳶ѝᔿ⭥ㄉ17.29ਹ⬖ˈ਼∄‫߿‬ቁ16%˗‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ7.11ਹ⬖ˈ਼∄໎䮯2.9‫ؽ‬DŽ⭡Ҿ㺕䍤ḷ߶䖳儈ˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ੸⧠ࠪᘛ䙏໎䮯Ⲵ䎻࣯DŽ2017ᒤлॺᒤˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞ㔗㔝儈ⅼ⥋䘋ˈṩᦞഭᇦ㜭ⓀተⲴ㔏䇑ᮠᦞˈ2017ᒤഭ‫ݹ޵‬Կਁ⭥ᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿53.06ਹ⬖ˈަѝ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ33.62ਹ⬖ˈ਼∄໎䮯11%˗‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ19.44ਹ⬖ˈ਼∄໎䮯3.7‫ؽ‬DŽн㇑ᱟ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ঐ∄䘈ᱟ໎䙏ˈ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ䜭ᡀѪ‫ݹ‬Կᯠ໎㻵ᵪᇩ䟿нਟᘭ㿶Ⲵ䟽㾱㓴ᡀ䜘‫࠶‬DŽ˄ഋ˅2018ᒤ㠣Ӻ˖‫ݹ‬ԿⲴᒣԧॆਁኅ1ǃᤷሬԧ৺ᐲ൪ㄎԧਆԓк㖁ḷᵶ⭥ԧˈ‫ݹ‬Կк㖁⭥ԧᤱ㔝䘰එᒦᐢ䗸ੁᒣԧॆDŽ2018ᒤ5ᴸ31ᰕˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငǃ䍒᭯䜘ǃഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ㚄ਸਁᐳҶlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ2018ᒤ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᴹ‫ޣ‬һ亩Ⲵ䙊⸕NJˈ㔉࣐䙏‫ࡽ‬䘋Ⲵഭ‫ݹ޵‬ԿᶕҶањᙕ‫ࡩ‬䖖ˈ᰾⺞ᤷࠪ㾱࣐ᘛ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥㺕䍤䘰එˈ䱽վ㺕䍤ᕪᓖDŽѫ㾱‫޵‬ᇩᴹ˖Ჲнᆹᧂ2018ᒤᲞ䙊‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉᔪ䇮㿴⁑ˈᆹᧂ1000зॳ⬖ᐖਣ㿴⁑⭘Ҿ᭟ᤱ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞᔪ䇮ˈ᭟ᤱ‫ݹ‬Կᢦ䍛ˈᴹᒿ᧘䘋‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亶䐁สൠᔪ䇮DŽ‫ݹ‬Կᔰ࿻䙀↕䘋‫ޕ‬ᒣԧк㖁ᰦԓDŽ2019ᒤˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငѪҶ䘋а↕ᆼழ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥к㖁⭥ԧᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬ሶ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧ᭩ѪᤷሬԧˈI̚III㊫䍴Ⓚ४ᯠ໎䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉᤷሬԧ‫⺞࡛࠶‬ᇊѪ⇿ॳ⬖ᰦ0.40‫ݳ‬ǃ0.45‫ݳ‬ǃ0.55‫ݳ‬DŽ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ԧṬ࣐䙏л䈳ˈĉ㊫ǃĊ㊫ǃċ㊫䍴Ⓚ४к㖁⭥ԧ䱽ᑵ‫࡛࠶‬䗮‫ࡠ‬20%ǃ25%ǃ21.47%DŽ਼ᒤˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငǃഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተਁᐳlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ〟ᶱ᧘䘋仾⭥ǃ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᰐ㺕䍤ᒣԧк㖁ᴹ‫ޣ‬ᐕ֌Ⲵ䙊⸕NJˈᔰ࿻൘‫ޘ‬ഭ㤳ത᧘ᒯᰐ㺕䍤‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞDŽ2021ᒤˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙င↓ᔿਁᐳlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ2021ᒤᯠ㜭Ⓚк㖁⭥ԧ᭯ㆆᴹ‫ޣ‬һ亩Ⲵ䙊⸕NJˈ᰾⺞㠚2021ᒤ䎧ˈሩᯠ༷Ṹ䳶ѝᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉǃᐕ୶ъ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կ亩ⴞ઼ᯠṨ߶䱶к仾⭥亩ⴞˈѝཞ䍒᭯н‫޽‬㺕䍤ˈᇎ㹼ᒣԧк㖁DŽ䘉亴⽪⵰ᯠ㜭Ⓚ“ᒣԧк㖁”Ⲵ᭯ㆆ㝊↕ᐢ㓿㩭ൠDŽ2ǃਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅ઼⎸㓣ᵪ‫↓ࡦ‬൘䙀↕ᔪ・DŽ൘࣐ᘛਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᔰਁ࡙⭘Ⲵ਼ᰦˈ≤⭥ǃ仾⭥ǃ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵ䘱઼ࠪ⎸㓣䰞仈ᔰ࿻ᱮ⧠ˈ䘁ᒤᶕ㲭ᴹᡰ㕃䀓ˈնӽ❦ѕጫˈѝഭ↓൘䙀↕ࠪਠ⴨‫᭯ޣ‬ㆆ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⎸㓣Ⲵ䮯᭸ᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽ2019ᒤˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငǃഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ㚄ਸঠਁlj‫ޣ‬Ҿᔪ・‫ޘڕ‬ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋⎸㓣‫؍‬䳌ᵪ‫ࡦ‬Ⲵ䙊⸕NJˈṨᗳᱟ⺞ᇊ70਴ⴱԭⲴਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥䟿൘⭥࣋⎸䍩ѝⲴঐ∄ⴞḷˈণ“ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋⎸㓣䍓ԫᵳ䟽”DŽⴞⲴᱟ‫֯׳‬਴ⴱԭՈ‫⎸ݸ‬㓣ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚˈ࣐ᘛ䀓‫ߣ‬ᔳ≤ǃᔳ仾ǃᔳ‫ݹ‬䰞仈ˈ਼ᰦ‫֯׳‬਴㊫ᐲ൪ѫփ‫ޜ‬ᒣ᢯ᣵ⎸㓣䍓ԫˈᖒᡀਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋⎸䍩ᕅ亶Ⲵ䮯᭸ਁኅᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽ2021ᒤˈഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተঠਁlj‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ⎸㓣ⴁ⍻㔏䇑㇑⨶࣎⌅NJˈᨀࠪ⭡⭥㖁Աъሩ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ䘀㹼ᮠᦞ䘋㹼ⴁ⍻ǃᖂ䳶ǃᮤ⨶ǃṑṨˈᔰኅ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ⎸㓣ⴁ⍻㔏䇑⴨‫ޣ‬ᐕ֌ˈ਼ᰦˈ⭥㖁ԱъᓄҾ⇿ᴸ15ᰕ‫ࡽ‬ԕⴱԭѪঅսሶкᴸ㓿㩕४ฏ‫ݹ޵‬Կ⭥ㄉਟ⭘ਁ⭥䟿ǃᇎ䱵ਁ⭥䟿ǃਇ䲀⭥䟿ǃ࡙⭘⦷ㅹ⎸㓣㔏䇑ᮠᦞ䙊䗷‫ޘ‬ഭᯠ㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋⎸㓣ⴁ⍻亴䆖ᒣਠᣕ䘱ഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተˈഭᇦ㜭Ⓚተ㓴㓷‫ޘ‬ഭᯠ㜭Ⓚ⎸㓣ⴁ⍻亴䆖ѝᗳ᤹⴨‫ޣ‬㿴ᇊᆼᡀ਴४ฏ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ⎸㓣ᛵ‫࠶ߥ‬઼᷀㔏䇑ṑṨᐕ֌DŽ㔬кᡰ䘠ˈѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁኅশ〻ྲമ5.1.3ᡰ⽪DŽമ5.1.3ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁኅশ〻മӂȽѣള‫ݿ‬Յਇ⭫ਇኋⲺ㔅僂ᙱ㔉˄а˅ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵਁኅ⌘䟽䇮・ᆿ㿲ⴞḷᨀ‫׋‬ᤷᕅDŽ൘ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ‫ࡊ‬䎧↕ᰦˈਇ‫ࡦ‬ҾᖃᰦⲴਁኅ≤ᒣ઼ᢰᵟᶑԦˈ᭯ᓌᨀࠪҶ‫ࡠ‬2010ᒤˈཚ䱣㜭ਁ⭥ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿‫ࡠ‬2010ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬300‫ࡠˈ⬖ݶ‬2020ᒤ䗮‫ࡠ‬1800‫⬖ݶ‬ⲴⴞḷDŽ2015ᒤˈѝഭ൘ljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJⲴṶᷦлᨀӔҶഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ⴞḷˈ᢯䈪‫ࡠ‬2020ᒤ䶎ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚঐа⅑㜭Ⓚ⎸䍩Ⲵ∄䟽䗮‫ࡠ‬15%ˈ2030ᒤ‫ࡠ‬30%ˈަѝቡवᤜҶ2020ᒤ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䗮‫ࡠ‬1ӯॳ⬖ᐖਣ˄2014ᒤᇎ䱵㍟䇑㻵ᵪѪ2805зॳ⬖˅DŽѪҶ‫؍‬䳌ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ѝ‫ݹ‬ԿਁኅⴞḷⲴᇎ⧠ˈѝഭሶަ‫ޕ߉‬Ҷljཚ䱣㜭ਁኅ“ॱйӄ”㿴‫ࡂ‬NJˈ䘋а↕ሶ2020ᒤ‫ݹ‬Կ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿ⴞḷᨀ儈㠣1.05ӯॳ⬖ˈ71ᒦࠪਠҶа㌫‫ݹࡇ‬Կ࡙ྭ᭯ㆆ˄ྲപᇊ⭥ԧǃк㖁㺕䍤ㅹ˅ˈ᧘ࣘҶ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴ㬜ࣳਁኅDŽ2020ᒤˈѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կ㍟䇑ᇎ䱵㻵ᵪᇩ䟿Ѫ2.544ӯॳ⬖ˈ䎵䗷ҶⴞḷⲴє‫ؽ‬ᴹ։DŽ(Ҽ˅ѝഭ⺞・Ҷवᤜ‫ݹ‬Կ൘‫޵‬Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀਁኅⲴ⌅ᖻൠսDŽ2005ᒤˈljѝॾӪ≁‫઼ޡ‬ഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⌅NJⲴ亱ᐳˈཟᇎҶѝഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴਁኅൠսˈ啃࣡‫׳‬䘋‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵ㩭ൠᓄ⭘ˈҏѪ‫ݹ‬ԿਁኅⲴᇎᯭ㓶‫ݹྲ˄ࡉ‬Կ⭥ԧⲴᔪ・ㅹ˅‫ࠪڊ‬Ҷᤷሬ઼ᆹᧂDŽަԆ‫׳‬䘋‫ݹ‬ԿਁኅⲴ㿴㤳ᙗ᮷Ԧྲljਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅส䠁ᖱ᭦֯⭘㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJᨀࠪṩᦞḷᵶк㖁⭥ԧ儈Ҿᖃൠ㝡⺛⟳➔ᵪ㓴ḷᵶ⭥ԧⲴᐞ仍䙊䗷ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚส䠁㺕䍤㔉ਁ⭥Աъ˗lj‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ亩ⴞ㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJ᰾⺞Ҷ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ亩ⴞ਴ѫփᓄਁᥕⲴ㙼㜭ǃ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ亩ⴞⲴᔪ䇮৏‫઼ࡉ‬㾱≲ˈԕ৺⴨‫ޣ‬䘍㿴᜙㖊ㅹ˗lj‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ⎸㓣ⴁ⍻㔏䇑㇑⨶࣎⌅NJᨀࠪҶሩ‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ䘀㹼ᮠᦞ䘋㹼ⴁ⍻ǃᣕ੺઼ṨḕⲴ䗷〻ѝˈ⭥ㄉǃ⭥㖁Աъԕ৺ⴁ⍻অսᓄਁᥕⲴ㙼㜭ㅹDŽ˄й˅ѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵਁኅᐢ㓿ᖒᡀҶᡀ⟏Ⲵ␧ਸ᭯ㆆᐕާփ㌫DŽ᭯ㆆᐕާ㊫රਟԕᙫ㔃ѪભԔ᧗‫ࡦ‬රǃ㓿⍾◰࣡රԕ৺㠚ᝯ৲оරй㊫DŽભԔ᧗‫ࡦ‬ර᭯ㆆवᤜljѝॾӪ≁‫ޡ‬઼ഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⌅NJǃlj‫ݹ‬Կ⭥ㄉ亩ⴞ㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJǃljਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁኅส䠁ᖱ᭦֯⭘㇑⨶Ჲ㹼࣎⌅NJㅹ˗㓿⍾◰࣡ර᭯ㆆवᤜlj‫ޣ‬ҾਁᥕԧṬᶐᵶ֌⭘‫׳‬䘋‫ݹ‬Կӗъ‫ڕ‬ᓧਁኅⲴ䙊⸕NJǃlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᇎ㹼᤹➗⭥䟿㺕䍤᭯ㆆㅹᴹ‫ޣ‬䰞仈Ⲵ䙊⸕NJㅹ˗㠚ᝯ৲оර᭯ㆆवᤜlj‫ޣ‬Ҿ䈅㹼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ㔯㢢⭥࣋䇱ҖṨਁ৺㠚ᝯ䇔䍝Ӕ᱃‫ࡦ‬ᓖⲴ䙊⸕NJㅹDŽ˄ഋ˅ѝഭഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌ᧒㍒Ҷ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵཊ‫ॆݳ‬ᓄ⭘൪ᲟDŽ൘‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ਁኅ䙀↕ᡀ⟏Ⲵশ〻ѝˈѝഭ᧒㍒Ҷཊ‫ॆݳ‬Ⲵ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᓄ⭘൪ᲟDŽֻྲˈ൘‫⭠ߌ‬ᡆ㘵㦂ൠк䘋㹼‫ݹߌ‬ӂ㺕‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ˈ‫׳‬䘋൏ൠⲴᔰਁ࡙⭘ˈྲ‫⨳ޘ‬ᴰབྷⲴ‫ݹߌ‬ӂ㺕⭥ㄉ——ᇍѠ‫ݹߌ‬аփॆӗъสൠˈሶ৏ᵜⲴ㦂═ൠᑖ᭩䙐ᡀҶ“к䶒ᱟ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ˈл䶒ᱟ⧠ԓ‫ߌ‬ъ”Ⲵᯠ⁑ᔿ˗൘䶎‫ޜ‬‫ޡ‬४ฏᔪ䇮ᐕ୶ъ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿо‫ߌ‬ᶁᡧ⭘ቻ亦‫ݹ‬Կˈ‫ਁ◰࠶ݵ‬Ҷ‫ݹ‬ԿⲴᯠ໎㻵ᵪ▌࣋˗ഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌ൘⋉═ǃᠸ໱ǃ㦂═ൠ४᧘䘋བྷර仾‫ݹ‬สൠᔪ䇮ˈᤱ㔝᧘䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭ⓀⲴབྷ㿴⁑ਁኅㅹDŽ˄ӄ˅ѝഭ⌘䟽䙊䗷‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᇎ⧠ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⲴⴞḷDŽѝഭ‫ݹ⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬Կਁ⭥ᢰᵟ਼↕‫׳‬䘋ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⴞḷⲴᇎ⧠DŽֻྲˈ“‫ݹ‬᰾ᐕ〻”䙊䗷‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥ᢰᵟѪ‫ٿ‬䘌ൠ४Ӫਓ䀓‫ߣ‬ᰐ⭥䰞仈ˈᨀ儈⭥࣋ਟ৺ᙗDŽѝഭ᭯ᓌ൘ᰐ⭥ൠ४⭥࣋ᔪ䇮‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥亩ⴞѝབྷ㓖ᣅ‫ޕ‬100ӯ‫ˈݳ‬ᙫ㻵ᵪᇩ䟿䎵䗷120‫⬖ݶ‬DŽ‫ࡠ‬2001ᒤᓅᰦˈѝഭ䘈ᴹབྷ㓖700зᡧǃ3000зᰐ⭥Ӫਓˈ㓿䗷10‫ࠐ‬ᒤⲴࣚ࣋ˈ䙊䗷⭥㖁ᔦը઼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥ˈ‫ࡠ‬2015ᒤᓅˈѝഭᖫ72ᓅ䀓‫ߣ‬Ҷᰐ⭥ӪਓⲴ⭘⭥䰞仈ˈᇎ⧠Ҷ‫ޘ‬ഭ⭥≄ॆDŽ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥Ⲵ䙀↕Პ৺઼ᢰᵟⲴ䙀⑀ᡀ⟏ˈᰒᨀ‫׋‬Ҷ㓿⍾ᇎ⭘Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ˈҏ‫߿‬㕃Ҷ≄‫ى‬ਈॆᑖᶕⲴ䍏䶒ᖡ૽DŽ‫ݹߌ‬ӂ㺕ᰒᱟᯠර‫ߌ‬ъ⁑ᔿⲴ᧒㍒ˈҏབྷབྷᨀ儈Ҷ൏ൠⲴ࡙⭘⦷ˈ‫׳‬䘋Ҷᓏᔳ൏ൠⲴ‫⭘࡙޽‬DŽѝഭⲴ‫ݹ‬Կᢦ䍛亩ⴞᱟӗъᢦ䍛Ⲵᯠ⁑ᔿоᯠ᧒㍒ˈᰘ൘䙊䗷‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥“㠚ਁ㠚⭘ǃཊ։к㖁”ⲴᖒᔿˈѪ䍛ഠൠ४⌘‫ޕ‬ᯠⲴ㓿⍾໎䮯⍫࣋DŽᡚ㠣2020ᒤᓅˈ਴㓗᭯ᓌᐢᔪ‫ݹ‬Կᢦ䍛亩ⴞ㿴⁑㓖22ਹ⬖ˈਟᑞᢦ㓖320зᡧ䍛ഠᡧˈᤘԈ㺕䍤䍴䠁‫ޡ‬䇑113.4ӯ‫ˈݳ‬ശ┑ᆼᡀഭ࣑䲒lj“ॱйӄ”㝡䍛᭫ඊ㿴‫ࡂ‬NJᨀࠪⲴᑞᢦ280зᡧ䍛ഠᡧⲴⴞḷDŽ7374ㅜ‫ޝ‬ㄐьইӊ⭥࣋䜘䰘㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රਸ֌Ⲵ᭯ㆆᔪ䇞жȽђ঍Ӑ⭫࣑䜞䰞ք⻩䖢ශⲺᔰ䇤˄а˅ሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䖜ර֌Ѫ⯛ਾ㓿⍾༽㣿Ⲵ䟽㾱㓴ᡀ䜘‫ˈ࠶‬䚯‫ݽ‬བྷ䟿ᣅ䍴⍱ੁ➔⭥㹼ъ俆‫ˈݸ‬ᓄ࣐␡ሩᵜഭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴ䇔䇶DŽ〟ᶱᔰኅ⴨‫઼㇇⍻ޣ‬䇴ՠㅹส⹰⹄ウо䈳⹄ᐕ֌ˈ᰾⺞㠚䓛Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᇎ䱵ਁኅᛵ‫ߥ‬оᡀᵜ᭸⳺ˈ␡ॆҶ䀓ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴՈ࣯ԕ৺ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᆈ൘Ⲵഠ䳮ˈѪਾ㔝ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ䘋а↕ਁኅᨀ‫׋‬㩭㝊⛩DŽަ⅑ˈᓄ൘⧠ᴹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⴞḷส⹰к䙀↕ᨀ儈㾱≲DŽሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⴞḷ‫ޕ߉‬ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞⭊㠣⌅ᖻㅹ㔏ㆩоॿ䈳᭸࣋ᴤ儈Ⲵ᮷Ԧѝˈ࣐䙏ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ⲴਁኅDŽ〟ᶱ‫ࡦ‬ᇊᆼழк㖁⭥ԧǃ䍒᭯㺕䍤ǃՈᜐ䍧Ⅾㅹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ոᜐ᭯ㆆˈ啃࣡ǃᕅሬਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞᇎᯭ઼ᐲ൪ਁኅDŽᴰਾˈ⌘䟽ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴ䐘亶ฏᖡ૽ˈਁᥕަሩ㓿⍾⽮ՊਁኅⲴ҈ᮠ᭸ᓄDŽ‫⌘ޣ‬ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ሩᢦ䍛ǃ‫ڕ‬ᓧǃቡъㅹަԆਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⴞḷⲴ‫׳‬䘋֌⭘ˈྲᨀ儈⽮Պ⭏ӗ࣋ǃ‫ࡋ‬䙐ቡъᵪՊǃ‫׳‬䘋нਁ䗮ൠ४Ⲵ‫߿‬䍛ᐕ֌ㅹˈᒦቡާփ亶ฏ‫ࡦ‬ᇊਁኅ䇑‫ࡂ‬о᧚ᯭDŽ⌘䟽ሶਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋оᖃൠ⭏ӗ⭏⍫⴨㔃ਸˈྲᔰኅ“‫ݹ‬Կ+‫ߌ‬ъ”ᯠ⁑ᔿˈ൘ਁኅਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥Ⲵ਼ᰦᑖࣘ‫ߌ‬ъਁኅˈሩ㓿⍾⽮Պਁኅӗ⭏ᴤབྷ᭸⳺DŽ˄Ҽ˅䙀⑀䱽վ➔⭥൘ᵚᶕьইӊਁ⭥㔃ᶴѝⲴঐ∄ˈ‫׳‬䘋➔⭥ੁᨀ‫⚥׋‬⍫༷⭘ᴽ࣑䖜රˈ᧘ࣘ➔⭥␵⌱儈᭸᭩䙐俆‫ˈݸ‬਴ഭᓄ㔃ਸ㠚䓛ਁኅ⢩⛩᧒䇘䙀↕䱽վ➔⭥ঐ∄DŽⴞ‫⭥➔ˈࡽ‬൘ьইӊ⭥Ⓚ㔃ᶴѝӽঐᦞ䟽㾱ൠսˈ൘‫࣋⭥⨳ޘ‬վ⻣䖜ර࣐䙏ǃьইӊ䜘‫࠶‬ഭᇦᐢ㓿ᨀࠪ䘰➔ⴞḷⲴ㛼Ჟлˈਸ⨶Ⲵ⭥࣋䖜රᡈ⮕ሩ䈕ൠ४ਁኅቔѪ䟽㾱DŽ਴ഭᓄ㔃ਸ㠚䓛㓿⍾ਁኅ≤ᒣԕ৺䍴Ⓚ⾰䍻ㅹ⧠ᇎᛵ‫ˈߥ‬᧒㍒‫ࡦ‬ᇊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋䙀↕䘰઼ࠪਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᴹᒿᴯԓⲴᰦ䰤㺘઼䐟㓯മDŽቔަᱟ儈ᓖ‫׍‬䎆ॆ⸣㜭ⓀⲴഭᇦ˄ྲঠᓖቬ㾯ӊǃ䎺ইㅹ˅ˈ㾱⌘䟽䟷ਆㅖਸ㠚䓛ਁኅᇎ䱵Ⲵ⑀䘋ᔿਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᴯԓᡈ⮕ˈ䙀⑀䱽վ➔⭥൘ᵚᶕьইӊਁ⭥㔃ᶴѝⲴঐ∄DŽަ⅑ˈᓄ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ䖜රᵏ䰤⟳➔ਁ⭥Ⲵ֌⭘઼䘀㩕ᡈ⮕DŽሩҾᮤփ䎻Ҿᒤ䖫ॆˈфӽᴹབྷ䟿㿴‫ࡂ‬ᡆ൘ᔪⲴьইӊ➔⭥ᵪ㓴ˈ⴨‫ޣ‬䜘䰘㾱࣐ᕪሩަⲴ‫ޘ‬䶒䇴75ՠˈᇎᯭ‫࠶‬㊫㇑⨶ˈѕṬ᧗‫ࡦ‬ᯠ➔⭥亩ⴞᒦᨀॷᔪ䙐ḷ߶ˈ൘‫઼⮉؍‬᭩䙐аᇊ➔⭥ᵪ㓴Ⲵส⹰к䙀↕‫ڌޣ‬㩭ਾӗ㜭ˈᒦ㘳㲁ሶަ㓣‫ޕ‬ᓄᙕ༷⭘ᯩṸDŽ਼ᰦˈ࣐ᕪᡀᵜ㇑᧗ˈ䖜ਈ➔⭥㘳Ṩᯩᔿˈᆼழ䈳ጠ㺕‫࣐ˈگ‬ᕪ㓿⍾䘀㩕㇑⨶઼ᐲ൪⧟ຳˈ᧘䘋➔⭥ੁᨀ‫⚥׋‬⍫༷⭘ᴽ࣑䖜ਈˈ࣐䙏ᔪ・ԕਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ѪѫⲴᯠර⭥࣋㌫㔏DŽᴰਾˈ㾱࣐ᕪ➔⭥ส⹰䇮ᯭⲴ␵⌱儈᭸࡙⭘DŽ᧘ࣘ➔⛝儈᭸⟳✗ਁ⭥ᢰᵟǃ⌱߰⟳➔ᢰᵟǃ⭏⢙പ⻣ᢰᵟ઼ॆᆖപ⻣ᢰᵟㅹ‫ޣ‬䭞ᢰᵟⲴ⹄ਁǃᐲ൪䖜ॆ઼Პ৺ᓄ⭘ˈ㔬ਸ㘳㲁⧠ᖩ➔⭥ᵪ㓴൘䘀㹼ᰦ䰤ǃ⟳✗ᢰᵟǃ䇮༷㊫රㅹᯩ䶒Ⲵᐞᔲˈ‫࠶‬㊫ǃ‫⅑ᢩ࠶‬ᔰኅᢰᵟ᭩䙐ˈ᧘䘋➔⭥ᵪ㓴㢲㜭ᨀ᭸ॷ㓗DŽ˄й˅᧘䘋⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆ᭩䶙ˈ㩕䙐ьইӊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴ㢟ྭ⧟ຳሩҾਁ⭥‫ח‬㘼䀰ˈᓄᔪ・ᡆᆼழ◰࣡ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⲴ⭥ԧᵪ‫ྲˈࡦ‬к㖁⭥ԧㅹˈᒦ䇮・⭥࣋ᐲ൪Ӕ᱃ᰦ⭥ԧⲴкл⚥⍫ᙗ⎞ࣘ㤳തˈ਼ᰦሩ儈㙇㜭㹼ъ⭥ԧӔ᱃䘋㹼䲀‫ˈࡦ‬䙀↕ᢙབྷ➔⭥儈‫׍‬䎆ഭᇦⲴ➔⭥к㖁⭥ԧ⏥ⴆ㤳തˈ‫؍‬䳌⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄᆹ‫ޘ‬ᒦ䘋а↕ᑖࣘ‫ݹ‬Կо仾⭥ㅹਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁ⭥ㄟ䘋‫ޕ‬ᐲ൪ˈѪਁ⭥‫ח‬Ⲵ⭥ԧ‫ޘ‬䶒ᐲ൪ॆྐᇊส⹰DŽሩҾ䗃䝽⭥‫ח‬㘼䀰ˈ⭡Ҿަ㠚❦Ⲵපᯝᙗ䍘ˈ䈕䜘‫࠶‬Ⲵᐲ൪ॆ䖜ਈᓄ༴Ҿഭᇦ᭯ᓌⲴⴁ㇑ѻлˈ਼ᰦ᭯ᓌᓄ൘㘳㲁⭥࣋ᐲ൪ॆᮤփ䘋ᓖⲴᛵ‫ߥ‬лˈѕṬᇑḕ䗃䝽⭥Ⲵᡀᵜǃ᭦⳺о⭥䟿ㅹഐ㍐ˈ❦ਾሩ䗃䝽⭥⧟㢲䘋㹼ਸ⨶ᇊԧˈ䙊䗷䗃䝽⭥⧟㢲ⲴԧṬᵪ‫ࡺࡦ‬ᕡ൘ᮤփ⭥ԧᖒᡀ䗷〻ѝⲴපᯝᖡ૽DŽሩҾ୞⭘⭥‫ח‬㘼䀰ˈᓄ䙀↕ሶ୞⭥ᵳӾঅаⲴ⭥㖁Աъ‫࠶‬ᮓࠪᶕᒦл᭮ˈਟሩާ༷ᶑԦⲴ⽮Պѫփ˄ྲ䜘‫࠶‬୞⭥‫ޜ‬ਨㅹ˅䘋㹼䍴Ṭᇑḕਾ䍻Ҹ୞⭥ᵳˈ䙊䗷ཊ‫ॆݳ‬Ⲵ୞⭥ѫփ࣐ᕪ⭥ԧⲴᐲ൪ॆㄎҹˈ਼ᰦ㘳㲁൘䈕䜘‫࠶‬ᐲ൪Ӕ᱃ѝ᭮ᔰ䜘‫࠶‬ㅖਸᐲ൪߶‫ޕ‬ᶑԦⲴ⭥࣋⭘ᡧⴤ᧕䘋㹼䍝⭥DŽ˄ഋ˅ᆼழᐲ൪ᣅ㶽䍴ᵪ‫࣐ˈࡦ‬ᕪ䠁㶽㹼ъⲴ⧟ຳо仾䲙䇴ՠˈᤃᇭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ䍴䠁ᶕⓀ俆‫ˈݸ‬ᔪ・ᒦᆼழᐲ൪ᣅ㶽䍴ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬ᨀ儈㶽䍴Ⲵᴹ᭸ᙗ઼ਟᤱ㔝ᙗDŽ࣐ᕪഭᇦᵪ‫ޣ‬ǃԱъǃ䠁㶽ᣅ䍴ᵪᶴㅹ⴨‫ޣ‬ѫփ৲оˈᆼழ㙼㜭‫࠶‬ᐕǃᣅ䍴㇑⨶ǃ亩ⴞ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃḷ߶ᔪ䇮ㅹᯩ䶒Ⲵ⋏䙊ॿ䈳ˈ‫ޘڕ‬ཊቲ⅑ᣅ㶽䍴ᵪ‫ࡦ‬ᔪ䇮DŽ࣐ᘛഭ‫޵‬㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴ӗ૱ǃᐕާ઼ᴽ࣑‫ࡋ‬ᯠˈ䙊䗷᭯ᓌᕅሬǃؑ᚟‫ޜ‬ᔰǃ䍴䠁ሩ᧕ㅹᯩᔿˈ‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞ㶽䍴DŽ਼ᰦ‫ݵ‬‫⭘࡙࠶‬ഭ䱵㓴㓷઼ཊ䗩䠁㶽ᵪᶴᒣਠˈ␡ॆሩཆഭ䱵ᣅ㶽䍴ਸ֌DŽަ⅑ˈ࣐ᕪ䠁㶽㹼ъⴁ㇑ˈᆼழ䠁㶽仾䲙㇑⨶DŽᆼழ਴䜘䰘Ⲵ㿴ㄐ㇑⨶‫ࡦ‬ᓖˈ䙊䗷亩ⴞᇑᢩⴁ㇑ᒣਠؑ᚟‫ޜ‬ᔰǃ76Ựḕ䇴ՠо㔙᭸䇴ԧḷ߶⺞・ǃᆸؑ◰઼࣡ཡؑ᜙ᡂ༴⨶ǃѫփؑ⭘᢯䈪‫ࡦ‬ᓖㅹᯩᔿ࣐ᕪ䠁㶽㹼ъ‫޵‬䜘Ⲵⴁ㇑㓖ᶏᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬᧘ࣘ䠁㶽ᣅ䍴ᐲ൪Ⲵっᇊ䘀㹼DŽ਼ᰦˈᔰኅ仾䲙䇴ՠǃ仾䲙䇪䇱ǃ仾䲙ᇎᰦⴁ᧗ㅹᐕ֌ˈӾᐲ൪仾䲙㇑᧗ǃᢰᵟ仾䲙㇑⨶ǃഭ䱵䠁㶽ਸ֌ㅹᯩ䶒ᆼழ䠁㶽仾䲙㇑⨶DŽᴰਾˈ࣐ᕪ‫⿱ޜ‬䜘䰘䍴䠁ਸ֌DŽਁᥕ‫ޡޜ‬䜘䰘䍴䠁Ⲵ㿴‫઼ࡂ‬ᕅ亶֌⭘ˈ䙊䗷ᩝᔪᆿ㿲ᣅ䍴Ṷ઼ᷦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ㿴‫⿱ࣘ᫜ˈࡂ‬㩕䜘䰘৲оਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞᣅ䍴ˈᤃᇭਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞⲴ䍴䠁ᶕⓀDŽ䟽⛩ᔰਁᣅ䍴仾䲙㕃䀓ᐕާ઼㔃ᶴᙗ㶽䍴ᐕާˈᆼழ‫⿱ޜ‬␧ਸ㶽䍴⁑ᔿDŽ↔ཆˈ‫⿱⌘ޣ‬Ӫ䍴ᵜⲴᣅ䍴എᣕǃ䍓ԫ‫࠶‬䝽ㅹ䰞仈ˈ‫׳‬䘋‫ޡޜ‬䍴䠁о⿱Ӫ䍴ᵜⲴ㢟ᙗਸ֌DŽ˄ӄ˅໎ᕪ᭯⋫ӂؑˈራ≲४ฏ䰤Ⲵ⭥࣋ਸ֌ˈᶴᔪ४ฏ㔏аⲴ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ˈ᧘ࣘьⴏ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊俆‫ˈݸ‬໎ᕪьইӊ४ฏ䰤Ⲵ᭯⋫ӂؑ〻ᓖDŽьইӊ਴ഭᓄ໎ᕪ൘ьⴏਸ֌ᵪ‫ࡦ‬лⲴሩ䈍ˈྲ൘ьⴏ俆㝁Պ䇞Ⲵส⹰кᤱ㔝᧘ࣘ儈ቲ᭯⋫ሩ䈍Ӕ⍱ˈ਼↕ᔰኅᴤཊᵪᶴ䰤Պ䇞ˈ⋏䙊ьইӊ਴ഭ൘⭥࣋Ӕ᱃ᯩ䶒Ⲵ㜭Ⓚᆹ‫ޘ‬亮㲁ˈॿ䈳਴㊫㿴‫֯׳ˈࡂ‬ьইӊ਴ഭⲴ⭥࣋ਸ֌᢯䈪㩭ൠDŽަ⅑ˈ࣐ᕪьইӊ४ฏ‫޵‬Ⲵ⭥࣋ӂ㚄ӂ䙊DŽᔪ・᰾⺞ǃᴹ᭸Ⲵৼ䗩৺ཊ䗩⭥࣋䍨᱃⌅ᖻ⌅㿴Ṷᷦˈ਼ᰦ᧒㍒ᔪ・४ฏ‫޵‬у䰘Ⲵ४ฏӂ㚄㇑⨶ᵪᶴˈ䍏䍓亩ⴞⲴ䍨᱃㓶㢲ǃᢰᵟ⍱〻ǃ䍴䠁ए䳶ㅹDŽᔪ・४ฏ‫޵‬㔏аⲴ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃ḷ߶ˈ㿴ᇊᐲ൪㔃ᶴо⭥㖁㿴㤳DŽสҾ਴ൠ४ᗇн਼⢩⛩ˈ൘㔤ᣔ઼䘀㩕ḷ߶ᯩ䶒␡‫ޕ‬㿴‫ࡂ‬㔏аⲴ䘀㹼㿴‫ࡉ‬DŽ‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬ьⴏ㜭Ⓚⴁ㇑㖁㔌Ⲵ࣏㜭ˈ〟ᶱ᧘ࣘ⎸䲔䐘ຳ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃Ⲵ䳌⺽ˈ〟ᶱ᧘ࣘ⭥࣋䍨᱃Ӿৼ䗩䎠ੁཊ䗩DŽᤃኅᖃ‫ࡽ‬Ⲵ䐘ຳ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃ˈᔰኅ୶ъॆⲴ४ฏаփॆ⭥࣋ᐲ൪ቍ䈅DŽ਼ᰦˈਸ֌᧘ࣘ䗃䝽⭥ᢰᵟⲴ⹄ウˈቔަᱟ䗃䘱ᇩ䟿བྷǃ䐍⿫䮯Ⲵⴤ⍱䗃⭥亩ⴞDŽ˄‫⌘˅ޝ‬䟽‫↓ޜ‬䖜රˈ‫ࡦ‬ᇊ਴ഭᮤփ㜭Ⓚ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රᡈ⮕ᯩṸˈ㌫㔏㿴‫ࡂ‬䖜ර䗷〻ѝ਴४ฏǃ਴ӗъᴹ‫ޣ‬ᢰᵟ‫ࡋ‬ᯠǃӪ᡽ษޫㅹᯩ䶒Ⲵ䰞仈俆‫ˈݸ‬ьইӊ४ฏቲ䶒ᓄ᰾⺞㜭Ⓚ‫↓ޜ‬䖜ර⴨‫ޣ‬ᇊѹоḷ߶ˈфьইӊ਴ഭ䴰䘋㹼㌫㔏ᡈ⮕ᐳተˈ࣐ᕪ⌅ᖻ‫؍‬䳌DŽᓄ࣐ᘛьইӊൠ४ሩ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රⲴ䇘䇪↕Հˈ᧘䘋४ฏቲ䶒㔏а㔯㢢、ᢰӗъǃ㔯㢢ቡъǃ㔯㢢ӗ૱ㅹᾲᘥˈᖒᡀ४ฏ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රḷ߶ˈ᰾⺞ᤷሬਾ㔝ާփᐕ֌DŽ↔ཆˈьইӊ਴ഭᓄӾᮤփᡈ⮕փ㌫ᐳተࠪਁˈ‫ࡦ‬ᇊᵜഭᮤփ㜭Ⓚ‫↓ޜ‬䖜රᡈ⮕㿴‫ˈࡂ‬ᖒᡀⴞḷ᰾Რǃ㔃ᶴ᰾⺞Ⲵ䱦⇥ᙗо䮯ᵏ䖜රᤷሬᯩṸˈᒦӾ⌅ᖻቲ䶒࣐ᕪ㓖ᶏ‫؍‬䳌DŽᔪ・⧟ຳǃ䍒᭯ǃ䠁㶽ǃ、ᢰǃࣣࣘㅹཊ䜘䰘Ⲵ䐘䜘䰘ॿ䈳ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬᧘ࣘ᭯ᓌ䜘䰘ǃԱ77ъǃ䠁㶽ᵪᶴㅹཊ࡙⳺⴨‫ᯩޣ‬Ⲵ⋏䙊ˈ‫৲਼ޡ‬о䖜ර䐟ᖴ୶䇘ˈ㌫㔏㿴‫ࡂ‬н਼४ฏ઼ӗъⲴ䖜රⴞḷԕ৺ᢰᵟǃӪ᡽ǃⴁ㇑ㅹ䝽྇‫޵‬ᇩˈ‫؍‬䳌ᡰᴹ‫ޡ≁ޜ‬ӛ䖜ර䗷〻ѝӗ⭏Ⲵ᭸⳺ˈ‫ޡ‬ᣵ䖜රഭӗѝӗ⭏ⲴᡀᵜDŽަ⅑ˈᓄሩॆ⸣㜭ⓀԱъ䖜රᨀ‫׋‬⴨ᓄ᭟ᤱDŽ㾱ቭᰙ᰾⺞ॆ⸣㜭ⓀԱъ䘰ࠪᡆ䖜රⲴ䱦⇥ᙗ㿴‫ˈࡂ‬䚯‫ݽ‬⴨‫ޣ‬Աъ઼ઈᐕ൘䖜රѝ䲧‫ޕ‬ഠຳDŽሩҾ䖜ර䗷〻ѝਇ‫ࡠ‬䍏䶒‫ࠫߢ‬Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬Աъˈᓄ䇮・‫↓ޜ‬䖜රส䠁ˈ㔉Ҹ⴨ᓄⲴ㺕䍤ˈᑞࣙަ㕃䀓䖜රᑖᶕⲴ㓿⍾ᦏཡDŽ਼ᰦˈሩҾާᴹ䖜ර▌࣋ⲴԱъˈᓄ仍ཆ㔉ҸᢰᵟǃӪ᡽ᯩ䶒Ⲵ᭟ᤱDŽሩҾ䖜ර䗷〻ѝӗ⭏Ⲵ‫߇‬։ཡъࣣࣘ࣋ˈᓄ࿕ழᆹ㖞ᒦ䘋㹼䖜ੁਟᤱ㔝ਁኅ㹼ъⲴᢰ㜭‫޽‬ษ䇝ˈ਼ᰦ〟ᶱᕅሬᴯԓӗъ઼ᯠ‫ޤ‬ӗъ‫ࡋ‬䙐ᯠⲴቡъᵪՊˈ‫࠶ݵ‬वᇩо᧕㓣䈕䜘‫࠶‬㗔փDŽ˄г˅‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬ഭ䱵ਸ֌Ⲵᢰᵟǃ䍴䠁઼㓿傼ˈ࣐䙏ਁኅਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋俆‫ˈݸ‬᧒㍒ᔪ・っᇊⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌ṶᷦDŽьইӊ਴ഭᓄ‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬ഭ䱵ਸ֌Ⲵᢰᵟǃ䍴䠁઼㓿傼᧘ࣘ㔯㢢ᣅ䍴о、ᢰ‫ࡋ‬ᯠࣙ࣋䱽վ䖜රᡀᵜˈᔪ・у䰘઼っᇊⲴഭ䱵ਸ֌᭯ㆆ઼㇑⨶Ṷᷦˈ໎ᕪᵜഭ⭥࣋䖜රⲴ㜭࣋ᔪ䇮ˈ〟ᶱ࡙⭘ཊ䗩ᔰਁ䬦㹼ǃӊ⍢ส⹰䇮ᯭᣅ䍴䬦㹼ǃᲪᓃǃ䶎᭯ᓌ㓴㓷ㅹᵪᶴⲴ䍴䠁᭟ᤱǃᢰᵟᨤࣙǃӪઈษ䇝ˈ੨᭦㶽ਸ㔯㢢ਁኅ⨶ᘥDŽަ⅑ˈഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌᔰኅส⹰䇮ᯭㅹཊ亶ฏⲴ⭥࣋䖜රਸ֌DŽᕅሬᕪॆ൘⭥࣋ส⹰䇮ᯭǃ䐘४ฏ⭥࣋ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ᯩ䶒Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈ࣐ᘛ⭥㖁ǃਟ‫⭥⭏޽‬ㄉㅹส⹰䇮ᯭⲴਁኅˈ࡙⭘ഭ䱵ਸ֌ഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌൠ䘋㹼᧒㍒ˈྲ〟ᶱ᧒㍒к㖁઼⿫㖁ㅹᒦ㖁ᯩṸⲴᓄ⭘ԕᨀ儈⭥࣋ਟ৺ᙗˈਸ֌ᔰਁᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ‫ݸ‬䘋䗃䝽⭥ᢰᵟㅹԕᨀ儈⭥࣋⚥⍫ᓖˈᒦ⌘䟽ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ⌒ࣘᙗо⎸㓣䰞仈ˈਸ⨶㔏ㆩ㿴‫ࡂ‬ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਁኅⴞḷоᇎ䱵ਁኅ䙏ᓖˈ㔃ਸഭ䱵㓿傼᧒㍒ᔪ・‫׳‬䘋ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⎸㓣Ⲵ‫؍‬䳌ᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽᴰਾˈ䙀↕ᢃ⹤ഭ䱵ਸ֌໱ෂDŽьইӊ਴ഭᓄቭ䟿䱽վᐲ൪߶‫ޕ‬䰘​ˈѪ⎧ཆᣅ䍴Ⲵ䘋‫ޕ‬䇮㖞‫࡙ׯ‬䙊䚃ˈ൘ഭ䱵ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞᯩ䶒ˈㆰॆ൏ൠǃ䇨ਟ䇱ㅹⲴ㧧ਆ〻ᒿˈ᭩ழ㜭Ⓚ֯⭘ᮠᦞㅹؑ᚟ᓃⲴ᭦䳶оᣕ੺ᯩᔿˈ㔃ਸ㠚䓛䍴ⓀՈ࣯оഭ䱵ਸ֌Ո࣯ˈ࣐䙏᧘ࣘ‫ݹ‬Կǃ仾⭥ㅹ䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋൘ᵜഭⲴਁኅˈᇎ⧠н਼ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚॿ䈳ਁኅDŽ78ӂȽѣളфђ঍Ӑ਺ളਾ֒׹䘑⭫࣑䜞䰞ք⻩䖢ශⲺᔰ䇤˄а˅〟ᶱоьইӊഭᇦᔰኅሩ䈍оਸ֌ˈ‫࠶‬ӛ⭥࣋䖜රਁኅⲴᴰ֣ᇎ䐥ˈᨀ‫׋‬ഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌⲴ⭥࣋䖜ර㿴‫ᯩࡂ‬Ṹ俆‫࣐ˈݸ‬ᕪѝഭоьইӊ४ฏ䰤Ⲵ␵⌱㜭Ⓚሩ䈍ॿ୶ᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽ㔗㔝䙊䗷ѝഭ-ьⴏᓄሩ≄‫ى‬ਈॆо⭏ᘱ⧟ຳሩ䈍ǃѝഭ-ьⴏ␵⌱㜭Ⓚ㜭࣋ᔪ䇮䇑‫ࡂ‬ㅹਸ֌ˈത㔅␵⌱㜭ⓀⲴᢰᵟǃ䍴䠁о㜭࣋ᔪ䇮ㅹ䰞仈о䴰≲ኅᔰሩ䈍ˈ䘋а↕ᤃᇭᒦᤃኅьইӊоѝഭਟ‫࣋⭥⭏޽‬㊫亩ⴞਸ֌Ⲵ儈ㄟሩ䈍ᒣਠˈᨀॷ␵⌱㜭Ⓚਸ֌࣋ᓖDŽ‫׍‬ᢈĀаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵㚄ⴏㅹཊ䗩ሩ䈍ᒣਠᔰኅሩ䈍ˈ㋮߶Ҷ䀓ьইӊഭᇦ㜭Ⓚ䖜ර䴰≲ˈ‫࠶‬ӛѝഭվ⻣䖜රਁኅⲴᴰ֣ᇎ䐥DŽަ⅑ˈ␡ॆѝഭоьইӊ⅑४ฏ䰤Ⲵ␵⌱⭥࣋ਸ֌DŽаᯩ䶒ˈ‫׳‬䘋ѝഭоьইӊ⅑४ฏਸ֌ᒣਠ˄ྲབྷ⑴‫⅑⋣ޜ‬४ฏ㓿⍾ਸ֌ᵪ‫ޣ˅ࡦ‬Ҿ⭥࣋䖜රਸ֌Ⲵ䇘䇪˗ਖаᯩ䶒ˈ␡ॆѝഭоьইӊ⭥࣋ਸ֌ส⹰䖳ྭഭᇦ䰤Ⲵ␵⌱⭥࣋ਸ֌Ӕ⍱ˈྲ൘Āѝ㘱⭥࣋ਸ֌ᡈ⮕Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫āⲴส⹰к䟽⛩໎࣐‫ޣ‬Ҿਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ਸ֌Ⲵ䇞仈DŽ‫ˈ⅑޽‬᧘䘋ѝഭоьইӊ⅑ഭᇦѫփ䰤Ⲵ␵⌱⭥࣋ਸ֌DŽаᯩ䶒ˈ‫ྭڊ‬оьইӊ⅑ഭᇦѫփᔰኅ⭥࣋ਸ֌ᰦሩਓঅսⲴ㔃ሩᐕ֌ˈֻྲˈሩҾ䎺ই㘼䀰ˈഭᇦቲ䶒ਸ֌Ⲵሩ᧕অսᓄѪ䎺ইᐕ䍨䜘ˈ㘼ⴱ䱵⭊㠣෾ᐲ䰤Ⲵਸ֌‫ࡉ‬䴰㾱䙊䗷⴨ᓄⲴ⭥࣋ѫ㇑䜘䰘䘋㹼ሩ᧕˗ਖаᯩ䶒ˈ‫׳‬䘋ѝഭ਴෾ᐲоьইӊഭᇦ෾ᐲ㕄㔃෾ᐲ৻ྭॿ䇞ˈ᧘ࣘ෾ᐲ䰤Ⲵ⭥࣋ਸ֌৻ྭᖰᶕDŽᴰਾˈ䙊䗷ԕкⲴሩ䈍оਸ֌デਓ‫࠶‬ӛѝഭ⭥࣋䖜රਁኅⲴᴰ֣ᇎ䐥DŽѝഭਟԕ䙊䗷ợ⨶ަ⭥࣋վ⻣䖜රⲴᡀ⟏ਁኅ㓿傼оާփᓄ⭘Ṹֻˈྲѝഭ‫ݹ‬Կਁ⭥н਼䱦⇥Ⲵ◰࣡᧚ᯭ˄ྲк㖁⭥ԧǃ亶䐁㘵䇑‫ࡂ‬ㅹ˅ǃ㔃ਸਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⴞḷᔰኅཊ‫ݹݳ‬Կᓄ⭘൪ᲟⲴ᧒㍒ˈԕ৺ѝഭⲴ␵⌱儈᭸➔⭥ᢰᵟо⢩儈঻䗃⭥ᢰᵟㅹ㓿傼ˈѪьইӊഭᇦਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵਁኅᨀ‫׋‬ᴰ֣ᇎ䐥DŽ˄Ҽ˅࣐ᕪоьইӊഭᇦⲴ␵⌱⭥࣋ᣅ䍴о䍨᱃ਸ֌ˈӾ“➔⭥䇮༷‫ࡦ‬䙐઼ࠪਓഭ”䖜ਈѪ“ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚਁ⭥䇮༷‫ࡦ‬䙐઼ࠪਓഭ”俆‫৲ˈݸ‬оьইӊॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋Ⲵ␵⌱儈᭸᭩䙐ਸ֌DŽ䪸ሩьইӊൠ४ॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ㻵ᵪᆈ䟿བྷфᵪ㓴᭸⦷䖳վⲴ⧠⣦ˈѝഭਟ‫⭘࡙࠶ݵ‬ᵜഭ➔⭥ㅹ␵⌱ॆॷ㓗᭩䙐Ⲵᢰᵟо㓿傼ˈྲ⟳➔ਁ⭥ѝⲴ䎵䎵Ѥ⭼ᢰᵟǃᗚ⧟⍱ॆᒺ䬵⚹ਁ⭥ᢰᵟˈоԕ৺➔⭥䖜ॆѝⲴ➔≄ॆǃ➔⏢ॆㅹᢰᵟ઼⟳➔⭥লᵪ㓴Ⲵ⊑ḃ᧗‫ࡦ‬㓿傼ㅹˈѪьইӊഭᇦⲴᆈ䟿➔⭥ᵪ㓴䘋㹼␵⌱79ॆॷ㓗᭩䙐ˈᨀ儈ਁ⭥᭸⦷ˈ䱽վᧂ᭮≤ᒣˈっᇊ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄDŽަ⅑ˈཊᯩս৲оьইӊൠ४Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞDŽ‫ਁ࠶ݵ‬ᥕѝഭഭᴹԱъՈ࣯ˈᑖࣘ⚥⍫ᙗ儈ǃ‫ࡋ‬ᯠ⍫࣋䏣Ⲵ≁㩕Աъ৲оьইӊൠ४Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞDŽ࡙⭘ѝഭԱъ൘⎧ཆ䘋㹼ᐕ〻ᙫ᢯वǃ␵⌱⭥࣋䇮༷ࠪਓǃ᭦ᒦ䍝઼亩ⴞᮤփ䇮䇑Ⲵ㓿傼оՈ࣯ˈ൘‫࠶ݵ‬Ҷ䀓ь䚃ഭᇎ䱵䴰≲ǃ䍴Ⓚ⾰䍻ǃ▌൘仾䲙Ⲵᛵ‫ߥ‬лˈ‫ޘ‬䶒৲оӾབྷරਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋亩ⴞ‫࠶ࡠ‬ᐳᔿ⭥࣋亩ⴞⲴཊ㊫ර亩ⴞᣅ䍴оਸ֌DŽ啃࣡Աъ൘ਸ㿴Ⲵ‫ࡽ‬ᨀлᴹᒿǃ〟ᶱ䘋‫ޕ‬䶎≤⭥ਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚǃ䗃䝽⭥ส⹰䇮ᯭㅹьইӊ⭥࣋䖜රᙕ䴰Ⲵਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋ᢰᵟ亶ฏDŽ˄й˅᧘䘋оьইӊഭᇦⲴ㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴ਸ֌ˈ࣐ᕪ⎧ཆᣅ㶽䍴Ⲵ亩ⴞ‫ࡽ‬䇴ՠˈ‫؍‬䳌ᖃൠⲴ䖜ර‫ޜ‬ᒣ俆‫ˈݸ‬ᆼழ⎧ཆᣅ䍴䍏䶒␵অ‫ࡦ‬ᓖˈ䘋а↕ᕪॆ⎧ཆᣅ㶽䍴᭯ㆆѝⲴ≄‫⧟઼ى‬ຳഐ㍐DŽᨀ儈ሩь䚃ഭഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞ᯩṸǃ⭥࣋ਁኅ㿴‫ࡂ‬ǃվ⻣䖜ර䴰≲৺‫ޜ‬Շ䇹≲ㅹⲴ‫᷀࠶‬о䇴ՠ≤ᒣˈሶަ㓣‫ޕ‬亩ⴞ‫ࡽ‬ᵏ仾䲙䇴ՠփ㌫оᣅ䍴‫ߣ‬ㆆ㘳䟿ˈ‫࠶ݵ‬䇔䇶‫ࡠ‬ь䚃ഭ≄‫ى‬ⴞḷǃ⧟‫؍‬㾱≲ԕ৺⭥࣋䖜ර䗷〻Ⲵ㾱≲о䲀‫ˈࡦ‬䚯‫ݽ‬⴨‫ޣ‬䍴ӗ仾䲙DŽަ⅑ˈ᧒㍒ᔪ・ѝഭоьইӊഭᇦ४ฏа㠤Ⲵ㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴ḷ߶о㔯㢢䠁㶽ᐲ൪DŽѝഭਟ㔃ਸ㠚䓛㔯㢢䠁㶽ਁኅ㓿傼ˈ㔃ਸӊ⍢ส⹰䇮ᯭᣅ䍴䬦㹼ㅹഭ䱵ཊ䗩䬦㹼㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴⁑ᔿⲴᇎ䐥ˈᒦ൘ьইӊ਴ഭᇦᐢᴹⲴ㔯㢢䠁㶽ਁኅ㓿傼Ⲵส⹰кˈ‫࠶ݵ‬Ҷ䀓਴ഭⲴഭᛵˈ⢥ཤоьইӊഭᇦਸ֌‫ࡦ‬ᇊࠪ‫ޡ‬਼䘲⭘Ⲵ㔯㢢䠁㶽৏‫ࡉ‬оḷ߶˗᧒㍒ᔪ・оᆼழьইӊ४ฏᙗⲴ㔯㢢䠁㶽ᐲ൪ˈ਴ഭ‫ޡ‬ӛ㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴ਁኅᯩੁо⁑ᔿˈԕ‫ׯ‬ᣅ䍴㘵ᘛ䙏䬱ᇊ▌൘Ⲵᣅ䍴ḷⲴˈ࣐བྷ൘‫ޡ‬ӛᐲ൪ᒣਠᔪ䇮઼᧘ᒯⲴᣅ‫ˈޕ‬੨ᕅᴤཊ‫ޡޜ‬ԕ৺⿱Ӫ㔯㢢䍴䠁Ⲵ␡‫৲ޕ‬о˗᭟ᤱьইӊഭᇦ⻣ᐲ൪Ⲵᔪ䇮ˈᒦ᧒㍒ѝഭоьইӊഭᇦ४ฏ⻣ᐲ൪Ⲵ䬮᧕ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬ԕᴤվⲴ‫߿‬ᧂᡀᵜ᧘䘋⭥࣋Ⲵվ⻣䖜රDŽᴰਾˈ⌘䟽䙊䗷䖜ර䠁㶽ㅹᯠ‫⨶ޤ‬ᘥ઼ᐕާ‫؍‬䳌ьইӊഭᇦՐ㔏㹼ъⲴ㔯㢢ॷ㓗઼䖜ර䗷〻ѝⲴ‫ޜ↓ޜ‬ᒣDŽֻྲˈሩ➔⭥‫׍‬䎆ᓖ䖳儈ԕ৺ਁኅ〻ᓖ䖳վⲴഭᇦˈՈ‫ݸ‬ᨀ‫׋‬ইইਸ֌䍴䠁ǃ᧘ࣘ䇮・䖜රส䠁ˈ䱽վަॆ⸣㜭Ⓚ䙀↕ᴹᒿ䘰ࠪᑖᶕⲴ‫↓ޜ‬䖜ර᥁ᡈ઼䍴ӗᨱ⍵仾䲙ˈᒦᨀ儈ަᇎ⧠ഭᇦ㠚ѫ䍑⥞᢯䈪৺ᆼᡀ㜭Ⓚ䖜රⲴ㜭࣋DŽ˄ഋ˅〟ᶱ᭟ᤱьইӊഭᇦ⭥㖁ॷ㓗ˈ‫׳‬䘋䐘ഭ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊ˈ᧘ࣘᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏ǃۘ㜭ᢰᵟㅹ亶ฏਁኅˈᒦᖒᡀഭ䱵ḷ߶ˈ᧘ࣘᴤཊਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚᮤਸ俆‫࣐ˈݸ‬ᕪሩьইӊഭᇦ⭥㖁ॷ㓗Ⲵ᭟ᤱਸ֌DŽѝഭᓄ‫ਁ࠶ݵ‬ᥕ䍴䠁ǃ䇮༷ǃᢰᵟՈ࣯ˈُࠝ亶‫ݸ‬Ⲵส⹰䇮ᯭᣅᔪ㓿傼〟ᶱ᭟ᤱьইӊഭᇦ⭥㖁ॷ㓗ˈᢙབྷьইӊഭᇦ⭥㖁ส80⹰䇮ᯭⲴᐕ〻᢯वǃ亩ⴞᣅ䍴ˈ〟ᶱоьইӊഭᇦⲴ䗃䝽⭥Աъᔰኅᢰᵟǃ䘀㩕ਸ֌ˈᑞࣙьইӊ਴ഭ⭥㖁ॷ㓗䖜රDŽަ⅑ˈᤱ㔝᧘ࣘ䐘ഭ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊DŽᤃኅĀаᑖа䐟āǃĀབྷ⑴‫⅑⋣ޜ‬४ฏਸ֌āㅹ४ฏ㓿⍾ਸ֌ᵪ‫ࡦ‬лⲴ䐘ഭ⭥㖁ӂ㚄ӂ䙊亩ⴞˈ࣐ᕪоьⴏ⭥㖁⴨䘎Ⲵ䐘ഭ⭥࣋ਸ֌ˈ᧘ࣘоьⴏⲴ⭥࣋Ӕ᱃㿴⁑ᢙབྷॆDŽᴰਾˈ൘ьইӊൠ४〟ᶱᔰኅ␵⌱⭥࣋ᢰᵟਸ֌DŽаᱟ㾱ᔪ・᭯ᓌоԱъ䰤Ⲵ㓴㓷ॿ䈳ᵪ‫ˈࡦ‬ԕ᧘ࣘ␵⌱⭥࣋ᢰᵟਁኅѪⴞⲴˈ‫ٮ‬ᯌ᭯ㆆ᭟ᤱᲪ㜭⭥㖁ǃ‫࠶‬ᐳᔿ㜭Ⓚ㌫㔏ǃۘ㜭ㅹ亶ฏⲴԱъ䘋㹼⎧ཆᣅ䍴оਸ֌ˈ‫⧠᷀࠶‬ᴹ‫⌅ڊ‬о亩ⴞˈ䇴ՠަᢙབྷॆⲴ▌࣋DŽҼᱟ㾱␡‫ޕ‬ᔪ䇮᭯ᓌǃᣅ䍴㘵৺ㅜйᯩⲴཊ‫࣋⭥⌱␵ݳ‬ᢰᵟਸ֌ᵪ‫ࡦ‬DŽ‫ਁ࠶ݵ‬ᥕᲪᓃǃ儈ṑǃ⽮Պ‫ޜ‬Շ৺ަԆ㓴㓷൘␵⌱⭥࣋ᢰᵟᡀ᷌䖜〫䖜ॆᯩ䶒Ⲵ䖵ࣙ֌⭘DŽ˄ӄ˅䟷ਆ࣑ᇎ㹼ࣘ‫׳‬䘋‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈ‫؍‬䳌‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵᆹ‫઼ޘ‬っᇊᒦਸ֌‫׳‬䘋‫׋‬ᓄ䬮㔯㢢վ⻣ॆˈѪ㜭Ⓚվ⻣䖜රᨀ‫׋‬㓿⍾ᢰᵟਟ㹼ⲴᯩṸ俆‫ˈݸ‬ਸ֌‫ࡦ‬ᇊѕṬⲴ㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮㿴㤳᭯ㆆоḷ߶DŽѝഭਟоьইӊഭᇦ൘lj४ฏ‫ޘ‬䶒㓿⍾Չդ‫ޣ‬㌫ॿᇊNJṶᷦлˈ໎࣐‫ޣ‬Ҿ㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮ਸ֌Ⲵ⴨‫ޣ‬䇞仈ˈྲቡ⭥࣋ਸ֌Ⲵ‫ޘ‬⭏ભઘᵏˈӾᶀᯉ‫׋‬ᓄǃ‫ࡦ‬䙐ǃ䘀䗃ǃᐲ൪⍱䙊ԕ৺ᆹ㻵֯⭘ㅹᯩ䶒ˈਸ֌䇘䇪ᒦ᧒㍒‫ࡦ‬ᇊཊ⧟㢲Ⲵ⧟ຳо≄‫᭯ى‬ㆆ㿴㤳ˈवᤜ৏ᶀᯉоӗ૱ㅹⲴ㔯㢢ḷ߶ǃᐲ൪߶‫ޕ‬䰘​ㅹDŽ਼ᰦˈ㘳㲁ሩ䜘‫࠶‬㓿⍾ਁኅԕ৺ᢰᵟ≤ᒣ〽ᱮ⅐㕪Ⲵഭᇦ‫ࡦ‬ᇊᐞᔲॆⲴḷ߶ˈ䲿⵰㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵ䙀↕ᔪ・䘋㹼ࣘᘱ䈳ᮤDŽަ⅑ˈਸ֌ᔪ・䘿᰾儈᭸Ⲵ㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮ؑ᚟‫ޡ‬ӛᒣਠDŽ䙊䗷Āаᑖа䐟ā⭏ᘱ⧟‫؍‬བྷᮠᦞᴽ࣑ᒣਠㅹˈᆼழवਜ਼ྲਟ‫࣋⭥⭏޽‬亩ⴞⲴ‫≲׋‬ԕ৺㔯㢢䠁㶽ਸ֌Ⲵ䴰≲ؑ᚟ˈԕ৺㓿㩕ѫփⲴਸ㿴ؑ᚟ྲᧂ᭮ᛵ‫ߥ‬ԕ৺㔯㢢ḷㆮㅹˈᑞࣙԱъㅹ൘ᔰኅ⎧ཆ亩ⴞᣅ䍴ᰦ᰾⺞ᐲ൪Ⲵ‫׋‬䴰ᛵ‫ߥ‬ԕ৺ᖃൠⲴ⧟ຳо≄‫ى‬㿴‫ࡦ‬о㾱≲DŽᴰਾˈഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌ䘹ᤙ䟽⛩㹼ъᒦ䇮・Աъḷᵶˈ⭡⛩‫ࡠ‬䶒᧘ࣘѝഭоьইӊ㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵ‫ޘ‬䶒ਁኅDŽ㘳㲁ьইӊഭᇦⲴ䍴Ⓚ⾰䍻ˈഐൠ‫ࡦ‬ᇌ䘹ᤙਸ֌ส⹰䖳ྭᡆ㘵䟽⛩‫⌘ޣ‬Ⲵ㹼ъ䘋㹼㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮Ⲵ‫ݸ‬㹼䈅⛩ˈྲἅᾸ⋩ǃₑ㜦ㅹབྷᇇ୶૱ˈ਼ᰦ㘳㲁‫ࡠ‬ѝሿԱъ⧟ຳ㇑⨶㓿傼⅐㕪ˈሶ䘹ѝ㹼ъѝⲴ嗉ཤԱъ֌Ѫ㔯㢢‫׋‬ᓄ䬮㇑⨶Ⲵケ⹤ਓˈ䙊䗷㓿傼〟㍟о૱⡼઼ḷᵶ᭸ᓄˈ䙀↕ᑖࣘѝഭоьইӊഭᇦवᤜਟ‫⭏޽‬㜭Ⓚ⭥࣋‫׋‬ᓄ䬮ਸ֌൘‫޵‬Ⲵ‫ޘ‬㹼ъǃ‫ޘ‬亶ฏⲴ‫׋‬ᓄ䬮㔯㢢վ⻣ॆDŽ81৲㘳᮷⥞[1]BP.BPEnergyOutlook2022[R/OL].https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/energy-outlook/bp-energy-outlook-2022.pdf.[2]IPCCSixthAssessmentReportWorkingGroupI.ClimateChange2021:ThePhysicalScienceBasis[R/OL].https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/.[3]NetZeroTracker,2022.https://zerotracker.net/[4]IEA.Coal2021AnalysisandForecastto2024[R/OL].https://www.iea.org/reports/coal-2021.[5]AkbarDwiWahyono,GabriellaIenanto,BeniSuryadi.ASEANPowerUpdates2021[R/OL].https://aseanenergy.org/asean-power-updates-2021/.[6]IEA.SoutheastAsiaEnergyOutlook[R/OL].https://www.iea.org/reports/southeast-asia-energy-outlook-2022.[7]Carl.Kitchen.Tacklingcoal-firedemissions–Noeasyfixes[R/OL].˄2020-02.21˅.https://www.energycouncil.com.au/analysis/tackling-coal-fired-emissions-no-easy-fixes/.[8]AlnieDemoral,MuhammadRizkiKresnawan,AmiraBilqis,TabitaNatashaWijaya,AndyTirta.ChallengesandImplicationsofCoalPhase-downtotheASEANEnergyLandscape[R/OL].˄2022-01-31˅.https://aseanenergy.org/challenges-and-implicationsof-coal-phase-down-to-the-asean-energy-landscape/.[9]GEM.Boomandbustgas2022[R/OL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