中国国土资源经济
发展生态碳汇市场助推实现“碳中和”
范振林 1,宋猛 1,刘智超 2
(1.中国自然资源经济研究院,北京 101149;2.生态环境部,北京 100006)
摘要:生态碳汇交易是一种实现“碳吸收和清除”长效机制的重要政策工具,合理的碳汇政策能够
为推进“碳中和”提供最稳定、最具成本优势的解决方案。文章基于碳交易和生态碳汇交易发展现
状,从规模、程序和方式等方面剖析了我国生态碳汇交易的制约因素,并分析不同类型碳汇交易区
域性和差异化的基本特点和“非市场”式发展趋势。针对存在的体制机制尚不完善、技术方法有待
创新、顶层设计亟待加强等问题,提出自然资源管理提升生态碳汇交易的对策建议:(1)加强自然
资源产权政策在碳市场建设顶层设计上的协调;( 2)构建统一、可监测和可计量的自然资源资产产
权价格形成机制;(3)开展生态碳汇实物量和价值量核算;(4)提升自然生态系统功能质量和生
态碳汇潜力;(5)参与“碳源—碳汇”全链条、全周期管理过程。
关键词:生态碳汇;碳市场;交易;机制
中图分类号:F062.1;F205 文献标识码:A
DOI:10.19676/j.cnki.1672-6995.000681
Development of Ecological Carbon Sink Market to Achieve
"Carbon Neutrality"
FAN Zhenlin1, SONG Meng1, LIU Zhichao2
(1.Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics, Beijing 101149; 2.Ministry of Ecology and
Environment of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100006)
Abstract: Eco-carbon sink trading is an important policy tool to realize the long-term mechanism of carbon
absorption and removal, and a reasonable carbon sink policy can provide the most stable and cost-effective
solution to promote "carbon neutrality." Based on the current development of carbon trading and ecological
carbon sink trading, the article analyzes the constraints of ecological carbon sink trading in China from the
aspects of scale, procedures, and methods. It analyzes the essential characteristics of regional and
differentiated carbon sink trading of different types and the development trend of "non-market". Focusing
on the problems of institutional mechanism to be improved, technical methods to be innovated, and
top-level design to be strengthened, the following countermeasures are proposed to enhance ecological
carbon sink trading: (1) strengthen the coordination of natural resources property rights policies in the
top-level design of carbon market construction; (2) build a unified, monitorable and measurable mechanism
收稿日期:2021-09-17;修回日期:2021-10-16
基金项目:国家社会科学重大项目“基于自然资源资产负债表系统的环境责任审计研究”(15ZDB160);教育部哲
学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“我国自然资源资产核算理论与方法研究”(19JZD013);国家社科基金“自然
资源资产负债核算估价方法及应用研究”(21BTJ001)
作者简介:范振林(1981—),男,山东省青岛市人,中国自然资源经济研究院副研究员,工学博士,主要研究方
向为自然资源与生态经济评价。