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CO2 emissions of all world countries

JRC/IEA/PBL 2022 Report

Crippa M., Guizzardi D., Banja M., Solazzo E., Muntean M.,

Schaaf E., Pagani F., Monforti-Ferrario F., Olivier, J.G.J.,

Quadrelli, R., Risquez Martin, A., Taghavi-Moharamli, P.,

Grassi, G., Rossi, S., Oom, D., Branco, A., San-Miguel, J.,

Vignati, E.

ISSN 1831-9424

EUR 31182 EN

2022

This publication is a Science for Policy report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service.

It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The contents of this publication do not necessarily

reflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the

Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying

the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced

source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on

the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the

delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Contact information

Name: Monica Crippa

Address: European Commission, Joint research Centre, via Enrico Fermi, 2749, 21027, Ispra (VA), Italy

Email: JRC-EDGAR@ec.europa.eu

Tel.: +390332785833

EU Science Hub

https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu

JRC130363

EUR 31182 EN

ISBN 978-92-76-55803-3

ISSN 1018-5593

doi:10.2760/730164

KJ-NA-31-182-EN-C

PDF

ISBN 978-92-76-55802-6

ISSN 1831-9424

doi:10.2760/07904

KJ-NA-31-182-EN-N

Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2022

The reuse policy of the European Commission documents is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011

on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Unless otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under

the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that

reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated.

For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the European Union/European Atomic Energy Community,

permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders.

How to cite this report: Crippa M., Guizzardi D., Banja M., Solazzo E., Muntean M., Schaaf E., Pagani F., Monforti-Ferrario F., Olivier, J.G.J.,

Quadrelli, R., Risquez Martin, A., Taghavi-Moharamli, P., Grassi, G., Rossi, S., Oom, D., Branco, A., San-Miguel, J., Vignati, E. CO2 emissions of

all world countries – JRC/IEA/PBL 2022 Report, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2022, doi:10.2760/07904, JRC130363.

Contents

Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................................1

Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................2

Executive summary .................................................................................................................................................3

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................8

2 Global fossil CO2 emissions from 1970 until 2021 .............................................................................................9

3 Global CO2 from LULUCF from 1990 until 2020 ...............................................................................................14

4 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................................17

References ............................................................................................................................................................18

List of abbreviations and definitions .....................................................................................................................20

List of figures .........................................................................................................................................................21

List of tables ..........................................................................................................................................................22

Annexes .................................................................................................................................................................23

Annex 1. Bottom-up methodology for the CO2 emissions compilation ................................................................23

Annex 2. Methodology for the estimation of emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)

..............................................................................................................................................................................26

Annex 3. Methodology for the estimation of emissions from large scale biomass burning .................................28

Annex 4. Construction of country fact-sheets ......................................................................................................30

Annex 5. Fossil CO2 emissions for the world, international transport and the EU27...........................................31

Annex 6: Fossil CO2 emissions by country .............................................................................................................36

Annex 7. CO2 emissions and removals from LULUCF sector by macro-regions ................................................. 245

Disclaimer ........................................................................................................................................................... 256

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ISSN1831-9424CO2emissionsofallworldcountriesJRC/IEA/PBL2022ReportCrippaM.,GuizzardiD.,BanjaM.,SolazzoE.,MunteanM.,SchaafE.,PaganiF.,Monforti-FerrarioF.,Olivier,J.G.J.,Quadrelli,R.,RisquezMartin,A.,Taghavi-Moharamli,P.,Grassi,G.,Rossi,S.,Oom,D.,Branco,A.,San-Miguel,J.,Vignati,E.2022EUR31182ENThispublicationisaScienceforPolicyreportbytheJointResearchCentre(JRC),theEuropeanCommission’sscienceandknowledgeservice.Itaimstoprovideevidence-basedscientificsupporttotheEuropeanpolicymakingprocess.ThecontentsofthispublicationdonotnecessarilyreflectthepositionoropinionoftheEuropeanCommission.NeithertheEuropeanCommissionnoranypersonactingonbehalfoftheCommissionisresponsiblefortheusethatmightbemadeofthispublication.ForinformationonthemethodologyandqualityunderlyingthedatausedinthispublicationforwhichthesourceisneitherEurostatnorotherCommissionservices,usersshouldcontactthereferencedsource.ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofmaterialonthemapsdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheEuropeanUnionconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.ContactinformationName:MonicaCrippaAddress:EuropeanCommission,JointresearchCentre,viaEnricoFermi,2749,21027,Ispra(VA),ItalyEmail:JRC-EDGAR@ec.europa.euTel.:+390332785833EUScienceHubhttps://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.euJRC130363EUR31182ENPrintISBN978-92-76-55803-3ISSN1018-5593doi:10.2760/730164KJ-NA-31-182-EN-CPDFISBN978-92-76-55802-6ISSN1831-9424doi:10.2760/07904KJ-NA-31-182-EN-NLuxembourg:PublicationsOfficeoftheEuropeanUnion,2022©EuropeanUnion,2022ThereusepolicyoftheEuropeanCommissiondocumentsisimplementedbytheCommissionDecision2011/833/EUof12December2011onthereuseofCommissiondocuments(OJL330,14.12.2011,p.39).Unlessotherwisenoted,thereuseofthisdocumentisauthorisedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0International(CCBY4.0)licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Thismeansthatreuseisallowedprovidedappropriatecreditisgivenandanychangesareindicated.ForanyuseorreproductionofphotosorothermaterialthatisnotownedbytheEuropeanUnion/EuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity,permissionmustbesoughtdirectlyfromthecopyrightholders.Howtocitethisreport:CrippaM.,GuizzardiD.,BanjaM.,SolazzoE.,MunteanM.,SchaafE.,PaganiF.,Monforti-FerrarioF.,Olivier,J.G.J.,Quadrelli,R.,RisquezMartin,A.,Taghavi-Moharamli,P.,Grassi,G.,Rossi,S.,Oom,D.,Branco,A.,San-Miguel,J.,Vignati,E.CO2emissionsofallworldcountries–JRC/IEA/PBL2022Report,PublicationsOfficeoftheEuropeanUnion,Luxembourg,2022,doi:10.2760/07904,JRC130363.ContentsAbstract...................................................................................................................................................................1Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................................................2Executivesummary.................................................................................................................................................31Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................82GlobalfossilCO2emissionsfrom1970until2021.............................................................................................93GlobalCO2fromLULUCFfrom1990until2020...............................................................................................144Conclusions......................................................................................................................................................17References............................................................................................................................................................18Listofabbreviationsanddefinitions.....................................................................................................................20Listoffigures.........................................................................................................................................................21Listoftables..........................................................................................................................................................22Annexes.................................................................................................................................................................23Annex1.Bottom-upmethodologyfortheCO2emissionscompilation................................................................23Annex2.MethodologyfortheestimationofemissionsfromLandUse,Land-UseChangeandForestry(LULUCF)..............................................................................................................................................................................26Annex3.Methodologyfortheestimationofemissionsfromlargescalebiomassburning.................................28Annex4.Constructionofcountryfact-sheets......................................................................................................30Annex5.FossilCO2emissionsfortheworld,internationaltransportandtheEU27...........................................31Annex6:FossilCO2emissionsbycountry.............................................................................................................36Annex7.CO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorbymacro-regions.................................................245Disclaimer...........................................................................................................................................................256iAbstractThisreportpresentsthefossilCO2emissiontimeseriesoftheEmissionsDatabaseforGlobalAtmosphericResearch(EDGAR)from1970until2021,togetherwithCO2emissionsandremovalsfromlanduseandforestryforperiod1990to2020.Forthefirsttime,thereportusesIEAcalculatedfossil-fuelCO2emissionsdirectlywhereappropriate,ratherthancalculatingthemfromtheunderlyingenergyusestatistics,toensuregreatercoherencewiththeIEAdata.ThereportcontributestotheParisAgreementprocesswithanindependentandquantitativeviewofglobalemissions.1AcknowledgementsThisbookletwasproducedwithinputfrommanycolleagues,gatheredoverseveralyears.TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)energyusestatisticsandthecorrespondingCO2emissionsarefundamentaltotheEDGARdatabaseandtheauthorswouldliketothankIEAforthecontinuingcollaboration.TheauthorswouldalsoliketothankUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)(R.Schulte,L.Apodaca,A.Hatfield),theInternationalFertiliserAssociation(IFA)(L.Cross),WorldSteelAssociation,BPplc,andtheGlobalGasFlaringReductionPartnership(GGFR),PayneInstituteattheColoradoSchoolofMinesandU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA),fortheprovisionofdata.TheauthorsaregratefultotheDirectorate-GeneralforClimateAction(DGCLIMA)(V.Pollard,B.Goni-Ros,R.Lake,X.Seront,O.Juvyns,R.Colditz,S.Kay)fortheirreviewsandguidance.AnextrathankstoJ.Wilson,andtheanonymousreviewersfortheirthoroughreviewsandproofreading.AuthorsCrippa,M.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalyGuizzardi,D.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalyBanja,M.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalySolazzo,E.,UniSystems,Milan(Italy),Muntean,M.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalySchaaf,E.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalyPaganiF.,GFTItaliaS.r.l.,VIASILE18/floor4,20139Milano,ItalyMonforti-Ferrario,F.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,ItalyOlivier,J.G.J.,PBLNetherlandsEnvironmentalAssessmentBureau,DenHague,TheNetherlandsQuadrelli,R.,InternationalEnergyAgency,Paris,FranceRisquezMartin,A.,InternationalEnergyAgency,Paris,FranceTaghavi-Moharamli,P.,InternationalEnergyAgency,Paris,FranceGrassi,G.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitD.1.,Ispra,ItalyRossi,S.,ArcadiaSIT,ItalyOom,D.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitE.1.,Ispra,ItalyBranco,A.,ARCADIASITs.r.l,Vigevano(PV),ItalySan-Miguel,J.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitE.1.,Ispra,ItalyVignati,E.,EC,JointResearchCentre(JRC),UnitC.5.,Ispra,Italy2ExecutivesummaryPolicycontextTheEuropeanUnionhassetambitiousobjectivesasfarasclimatechangeisconcerned.InthecontextoftheEuropeanGreenDeal1andEuropeanClimateLaw2,theEuropeanUnioncurrentlyhasatargetofreducingitsnetdomesticgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyatleast55%by2030comparedto1990levelsandtobecomeclimateneutral(netzerogreenhousegasemissions)by2050.Onthe14thofJuly2021,theEuropeanCommissionadoptedapackageoflegislativeproposals(knownasthe“Fitfor55”package3)coveringclimate,energy,landuse,transportandtaxationthat,whenadoptedandimplemented,shouldachievethe2030GHGemissionsreductiontarget.AllPartiestotheParisAgreementundertheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)arerequiredtoprepareemissionreductionpledges,knownasNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDCs).UnderthetransparencyframeworkoftheParisAgreement,allPartieshavetoreportbottom-upinventoriesofnationalgreenhousegasemissionsandtrackprogresstowardstheimplementationandachievementoftheirNDCs.ThisreportingistobecontainedinBiennialTransparencyReports(BTRs),whicharefirstdueatlatestendof2024.PartiesmaysubmittheirinventoryreportsaspartoftheBTRorseparately,andAnnex-Icountriesmustcontinuesubmittinginventoriesannually.Bottom-upnationalemissioninventoriesareanessentialcomponentofreportingandtrackingprogresstowardsthegoalsoftheParisAgreement.However,nationalinventoryreportsarenotyetavailableforallcountriesandyears.Inaddition,theyaredependentonindividualnationalreportingprocessesandmethodologicalchoices,theycanpresentdatagapsforspecificsectorsandcurrently,exceptforAnnexIparties,thereisnoobligationtoincludelong-termseriesofemissionsuptothemostrecentyear.TheEuropeanCommission’sin-houseEmissionsDatabaseforGlobalAtmosphericResearch(EDGAR)offersanalternativethatcomplementsnationalinventoriesandhastheadvantageofproducingtimelyemissionestimatesthatarecomparableacrosscountries.EDGARdependsonseveralsourcesofinternationalstatisticsfortheunderpinningdata.ForemostamongtheseistheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).ToharmoniseglobalCO2emissionestimates,forthefirsttimethisbookletalreadyincorporatesIEACO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionsourcesandrepresentsthefirstIEA-EDGARCO2emissiondataset.EDGARcompletestheglobalpicturewithatime-seriesforeachcountry,contributingtoenhancedtransparencyandprovidinganadditionalsourcewithwhichnationalandglobalestimatescanbecompared.Thisreportfocusesontheupdatetomostrecentyearsoftheemissiontimeseries,includingemissionsfromanthropogenicsectorsupto2021andLandUse,LandUseChangeandForestry(LULUCF)upto2020.Forallcountries,includingtheEUandits27MemberStates4,EDGARemissionsmaydifferfromofficialnationalinventoriesduetodifferencesindatasources,methodologies,andapproaches,althoughbothare,inprinciple,basedontheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)guidelinesforGHGreporting.However,theoverallEU27CO2emissionsreductiontrendissimilartothatreportedbytheEUtotheUNFCCCeventhoughthefiguresdonotmatchcompletely.KeyconclusionsThisbookletincludestimeseriesofanthropogenicfossilCO25from1970to2021togetherwithestimatesofCO2emissionsandremovalsstemmingfromtheLandUse,Land-UseChangeandForestry(LULUCF)sector,whicharediscussedfortheEU27andworldmacro-regionallevelsfortheyearsfrom1990to2020.(1)SeetheCommunicationfromtheEuropeanCommissionontheEuropeanGreenDeal:COM(2019)640final.(2)Regulation(EU)2021/1119,https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021R1119(3)https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/european-green-deal/delivering-european-green-deal_en(4)HereafterEU27.(5)Inthisbooklet,fossilCO2emissionsincludeemissionsfromfossilfuelcombustion(coal,oilandgas),fromfossilfueluse(combustion,flaring),industrialprocesses(cement,steel,chemicalsandurea)andproductuse;noshort-cyclecarbonCO2emissionsareincludedforanysector.3ThemostrecentdataforCO2emissionsin2021clearlyshowareboundinemissionscomparedto2020,whichwasstronglyaffectedbyCOVID-19globally:globalCO2emissionsin2021increasedby5.3%comparedto20206andwerejust0.36%smallerthanin2019.Whenconsideringthetopsixemittingeconomies,fromalonger-termperspective,fossilCO2emissionsintheEU27showedthelargestrelativedecreaseamongtopemittersandwere27.3%lowerin2021thanin1990.RussianCO2emissionsfollowsconsiderablydecreasingby18.9%between1990and2021.Again,amongthetopemitters,boththeUnitedStatesandJapanhad2021fossilCO2emissionsbelow1990levels,althoughbyalesserextent(by6.2%and7.4%,respectively).Conversely,fossilCO2emissionsoftheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaremainedwellabovetheir1990levelsbeingrespectively5.1and4.4timeslargerin2021thanin1990.Globally,LULUCFhasactedasafairlystablenetsinkforCO2emissionssince2000.In2020,weestimatethatthissectorwasanetsinkofabout3.9GtCO2,equivalentto10.9%ofglobalfossilCO2emissions.Thelargevariationbetweentheestimatesfromdifferentglobalmodels,asreflectedintheIPCCReports(netemissionsofabout5GtCO2/yr,canbelargelyexplainedbydifferencesinthedefinitionofwhatismeantby“anthropogenic”CO2removals.GlobaldeforestationwasresponsiblefornetCO2emissionsof4.0GtCO2in2020,equivalentto11.2%ofthetotalanthropogenicCO2emissions.IntheEU27,LULUCFin2020wasanetsinkofabout0.3GtCO2emissions,approximatelyhalfthemagnitudeofthesinkinthe1990s.MainfindingsSincethebeginningofthe21stcentury,globalfossilCO2emissionshavegrownsteadilyincomparisontothethreepreviousdecades,mainlyduetotheincreaseinfossilCO2emissionsbyChina,India,andotheremergingeconomies.TheCOVID-19crisissloweddowntheglobaleconomyinthefirsthalfof2020,resultinginaninterruptionintheglobalgrowthinCO2emissions,followedbyareboundin2021.Emissionestimatesfor2021fromEDGARshowthatglobalanthropogenicfossilCO2emissionsincreasedby5.3%from2020,at37.86GtCO2,just0.36%belowthe37.99GtCO2emissionsregisteredin2019.Figure1.FossilCO2emissionsofthemajoremittingeconomies,1970-2021(inGt)Source:JRC,2022(6)Allcalculationspresentedinthereportdonotconsiderthattheyear2020wasaleapyear.Evaluationsincludingleapyearanalysisfor2020arepresentedinCrippaetal.,2021.4In2021,China,theUnitedStates,theEU27,India,RussiaandJapanremainedtheworld’slargestCO2emitters.Togethertheyaccountfor49.2%ofglobalpopulation,62.4%ofglobalGrossDomesticProduct(WorldBank,2022),66.4%ofglobalfossilfuelconsumption(BP,20227)and67.8%ofglobalfossilCO2emissions.AllsixincreasedtheirfossilCO2emissionsin2021comparedto2020,withIndiaandRussiahavingthelargestincreasesinrelativeterms(10.5%and8.1%,respectively).In2021,theEU27’sfossilCO2emissionswere27.3%lowerthanin1990at2.77Gt,representing7.3%ofglobalemissionsandequivalentto6.25tCO2/capinper-capitaterms.Amongothercountriesthatcountformorethan1%ofthetotalglobalCO2emissions,onlyAustraliareduceditsfossilCO2emissionsin2021relativeto2020,by2.4%withanemissionintensityofitseconomythathasdecreasedinthelastdecadewithanannualaverageof3.2%.Conversely,Brazilhadthelargestincreaseof11.0%comparedwith2020.Overthelastdecadetheemissionintensityofitseconomyhasincreasedwithanannualaverageof0.1%.Emissionsfrominternationalaviationandshipping,whichtogetherrepresented2.9%ofglobalfossilCO2emissionsin2021,increasedby15.4%and4.9%,respectively,between2020and2021.CO2emissionsfrominternationalaviationdecreasedbyalmosthalfbetween2019and2020,partiallyreboundingin2021,whentheyaccountfor63%ofthe2019value.Concerninginternationalshipping,theincreaseinCO2emissionswasalmosttwicethe2020reduction(inabsoluteterms)inCO2emissions,withemissionsin2021being2.2%higherthanin2019.Table1showsCO2emissionsandGDPPPP8changesin2021comparedwith2020forthewholeworldandthelargesteconomies,includingtheEU27.Table1alsoillustratesthecomparisonofCO2intensityofeconomy(definedasCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPP)between2021and2020,2021and2019,2020and2019.AllthereportedeconomieshadincreasesinGDPPPPin2021.ItcanbenoticedthatinthecountrieswheretherecoverypaceofGDPPPPin2021washigherthantherecoveryofemissions,adecreaseoftheCO2intensityofeconomy9wasobservedandvice-versa.Table1.GDPPPPandCO2emissionsintensityofeconomy(tCO2/kUSD)in2021andtheircomparedto202010,changeofCO2emissionsintensityforperiod2020-2021,2019-2020,and2021-2019.CountryGDPPPP2021GDPPPPchangeEmissionschangeEmissions/GDPPPPEmissions/GDPPPPchangeWorld1316822021-20202021-202020212021-20202020-20192021-2019China24861UnitedStates209325.75%5.3%0.281-0.4%-2.3%-2.8%EU2719251India93018.11%4.3%0.501-3.5%-0.7%-4.2%Japan5124Russia40805.67%6.5%0.2270.7%-7.8%-7.1%Indonesia3246Brazil31285.38%6.5%0.1411.1%-5.2%-4.2%UK3086Turkey26588.95%10.5%0.2851.5%0.1%1.5%Mexico24161.62%2.8%0.2121.2%-3.3%-2.1%4.82%8.1%0.4763.1%-1.8%1.2%3.69%1.9%0.186-1.7%-6.7%-8.4%4.6%11.0%0.1576.1%-4.0%1.9%7.44%2.2%0.109-2.1%-4.4%-6.4%11.0%8.0%0.169-2.7%-1.9%-4.5%4.80%4.3%0.173-0.5%-9.3%-9.7%Germany44002.89%5.8%0.1512.9%-6.0%-3.3%France30507.0%8.3%0.0991.2%-6.3%-5.1%Italy24778.2%0.1291.6%-2.9%-1.4%Source:JRC,20226.56%Itshouldbenotedthatyear-to-yearchangeinemissionisestimatedwithadegreeofaccuracyof±0.5%(Olivieretal.,2016),whenbasedonrobuststatisticalactivitydata(e.g.,IEAenergybalancedata,orCO2emissionsfrom(7)Definedasthesumofallcoal,liquidfossilfuelandnaturalgasprimaryenergyconsumption.(8)GDP:GrossDomesticProductGDP,expressedinPurchasingPowerParity(PPP)(constant2017international$,USD).ThedifferencewithGDPnominalconsistsinthefactthatGDPPPPisadjustedfortheeffectsofinflationandisatcurrentmarketprices.GDPPPPdataaremainlysourcedfromWorldBank(WB,2022).ForthefollowingcountriesGDPdatausedinthisreportarefromtheIEAGDP(expressedasbillionUSD,2015pricesandPPPs):CUB,ERI,GIB,PRK,SDN,SYR,VENandYEM(IEA,2022).(9)InthecolumnofCO2intensity(intermsofGDPPPP)thefollowingcolourcodeforcirclesisappliedwhencomparingthe2021and2020data:Redfor“increase”and,Green(withcheckmark)for“decrease”.(10)Relativechangesversus2020donotconsiderthat2020wasaleapyear.Thisisappliedinallinputsthatrefertoyear2020.5fossilfuelcombustionfor1970-2019)andup±2%forthedatafor2020-2021(basedonaFast-Track11approach),dependingonregional,sectorialandfuelcontributions.Emissionmagnitudes,ontheotherhand,havearangeofaccuracythatdependsonthelevelofaggregation(forexampleglobalorcountrylevel,totalemission,orspecificsector,asdetailedbySolazzoetal.,2021).GlobaltotalCO2emissionsareestimatedwitha±6.5%accuracy,whiletherangeofaccuracyforcountryleveltotalCO2emissionsisbetween±4%and±35%(95%confidenceinterval).Theseuncertaintiesshouldbeconsideredwhenusingthesedataforanykindofanalysisbyreadersofthisbookletandpolicymakers.RelatedandfutureJRCworkThereliability,independenceandcompletenessoftheEDGARestimatesofCO2emissionsmakethemavaluablequantitativeinformationsourceinsupportofthecomplexinternationalscientificandpoliticaldiscussionsonclimatemitigation.TheEDGARdatabasecompilesglobalgreenhousegasandairpollutantemissions,makinguseofinternationalglobalstatisticsandagloballyconsistentmethodologyacrosscountries,whereasnationalinventoriesrepresenttheofficialemissionsdatareportedbytheEUMemberStatestotheEuropeanEnvironmentalAgencyandtheUNFCCC,whichareusedfortrackingprogresstowardspolicytargets.However,foranumberofcountriesorregions,officialinventoriesprovideamorerobustandcompletepicturethanthedataavailableunderEDGAR,giventheneedforanapproachunderEDGARthatcanbeappliedtoallcountries.FortheEU,forexample,thenationalinventorydataismorecomplete/accurateandshouldbeusedasthebasisforassessingEUclimateprogress.ThegoalsoftheEDGARdatabasearetoinformpolicymakersandthescientificcommunityinvolvedinthefieldofGHGemissionsandbudgets,complementandsupportthecompilationofnationalinventoriesandtheupcomingUNFCCCGlobalStocktakesforeseenundertheParisAgreement,underpinanalysesoftheco-benefitsofairpollutionandGHGemissionmitigationstrategies,interpretsatellitedataandunderstandemissionuncertainties.EDGARdependsonanumberofsourcesofinternationalstatisticsfortheunderpinningdata.ForemostamongtheseistheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).IEAandJRCarecommittedtothefutureco-productionofconsistentfossilCO2emissionsestimates,directlyusingIEACO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionandJRCcomputationsofCO2processemissionseveryyeart,makinguseofthelatestIEAstatisticsuptotheyeart-1.ThisbookletalreadyincorporatesIEACO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionsourcesuptotheyeart-3sincewhenthisreportwasproducedthelatestIEAstatisticswerenotyetavailableandrepresentsthefirstIEA-EDGARCO2emissiondataset.NextreporteditionswillmakeuseoftheIEAstatisticsandemissionsuptot-1,whererevisionsofthe2019IEACO2emissionsestimatesmaybeincluded.Inaddition,theEDGARframeworkandtheJRCexperienceincompilingemissionsinventoriesaresharedandcomparedwithintheinternationalemissionscommunityoftheGlobalEmissionsInitiAtive(GEIA)whereEDGARisrepresentedintheScientificSteeringCommittee.WhilethisbookletsummarisesdataforCO2emissionsfor1970-2021,itshouldbenotedthatEDGARisacomprehensiveglobalemissiondatabase,includingalsonon-CO2GHGsandairpollutantemissionsforallcountries.BothCO2andnon-CO2GHGemissionspresentedintheyearlyEDGARbookletscontributetotheSixthAssessmentReport(AR6)oftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)WorkingGroupIIIonclimatemitigation,aswellastotheyearlyUNEPEmissionGapReports.EDGARalsosupportstheIPCCTaskForceonNationalGreenhouseGasInventories,compilingandrefiningguidelinesfornationalGHGemissioninventoriesandprovidingtrainingsupportandknowledgedatabasestovisualiseemissionhotspots.Finally,EDGARissupportingtheArcticMonitoringandAssessmentProgramme(AMAP)oftheArcticCouncilbyprovidingmethane(CH4),PersistentOrganicPollutant(POPs)andmercury(Hg)emissiondata.Thankstotheirtransparencyandcompleteness,EDGARdataarealsobeingusedbyanever-increasingpoolofresearchersandpolicymakers.(11)TheIEAGreenhousegasemissionsfromenergy-2021EditionisusedassourceofCO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionforthe1990-2019period.Theseemissionsareextendeduntil2021usingafueldependentFast-TrackapproachbasedonBPtrends(BP,2022).Asaconsequence,emissionsforthelasttwoyearsarecharacterizedbyhigheruncertainty.FurtherdetailsontheFastTrackmethodologyareprovidedinAnnex1.6QuickguideThemainsectionsofthisbookletpresentanoverviewoftheglobalandregionaltrendsoffossilCO2.Throughashortandrepresentativeanalysis,theroleoftopemitters(country/sector)intheevolutionoffossilCO2emissionsovera51-yeartimeframeworkisshown.Section3isdevotedtopreliminaryestimationofLULUCFCO2emissionsandremovals,andfires.IntheAnnex7theCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsubsectorsandfiresforworldmacro-regionsareshown.Foreachcountry,afact-sheetisprovidedwithtime-seriesoffossilCO2emissionsfromallanthropogenicactivitiesexceptlanduse,land-usechange,forestry,andlarge-scalebiomassburning.Theupperpanelofthefact-sheetincludesfossilCO2annualtotalsfrom1990until2021bysector,togetherwithemissionspercapitaandperGDPPPP.Anoverviewtablewithtotalemissionsbycountryfortheyears1990,2005,2020and2021isalsoreported,togetherwithpercapitaandperGDPemissionsandpopulationdata.Finally,thebottompanelofeachfact-sheetshowsthechangesinfossilCO2emissionsbysectorforthelastavailableyear(2021)comparedto1990,2005and2020.AlldatapresentedinthisbookletareavailablefordownloadandfurtheranalysisfromtheEDGARwebsitehttps://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2022.71IntroductionScopeInDecember2015,theParisAgreementbroughtallnationsintoacommoncausetoundertakeambitiouseffortstocombatclimatechangeandrequiredallpartiestotheagreementtoputforwardtheirbesteffortsthrough“nationallydeterminedcontributions”(NDC).Acknowledgingtheneedtoensureenvironmentalintegrity,atransparencyframeworkwascreatedand5-yearlyGlobalStocktakeswereplannedfrom2023onwards.TheEmissionsDatabaseforGlobalAtmosphericResearch(EDGAR)contributestoglobalclimateactionwithanindependentandquantitativeviewofglobalGHGemissions.EDGARisaglobaldatabasethatprovidesestimatesofcountryandsector-specificemissionsofGHGs,includingCO2,andairpollutantsimplementingatransparentstate-of-the-artmethodology.Assuch,itsupportseffortstoprovideconsistentandtransparentemissionestimatesthatareglobalinscopeandcaninformclimateactionundertheParisAgreement,althoughtheconceptionandearlyversionsofEDGARprecedebyfartheParisAgreement.EDGARestimatesofgreenhousegasemissionsuseglobalstatisticsandstate-of-the-artscientificknowledgeofemissionmechanismsforawiderangeofanthropogenicactivities.ThemethodologyusedistransparentandinlinewiththemostrecentscientificliteratureandIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)recommendations.Asachangecomparedtothepreviouseditionsofthebooklet,theIEACO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionareuseddirectly,togetherwithJRCcomputedCO2processemissionsfortheperiod1970-2019.For2020and2021,aFast-Track12(FT)methodologyisapplied.Thiseditionofthebookletincludesalsoannualmacro-regionalestimatesofCO2emissionsfromLandUse,LandUseChangeandForestry(LULUCF)sectorupto2020,includingfiresfromtheGlobalWildfireInformationSystem(GWIS)13,aspartofthecontinuousimprovementandexpandingoutreachoftheEDGARdatabase.Acombinationofreliability,independence,andcompletenessmakesEDGARavaluablequantitativetooltosupportthecomplexinternationalscientificandpoliticaldiscussionsonclimatemitigation.EDGARdatacancontributetoprovideacomprehensivepictureneededfortheUNFCCC’sGlobalStocktakeenvisagedfrom2023onwards.PreviouseditionsofthisbooklethavebeenpresentedtotheannualConferenceofParties(COP)underUNFCCC.OverviewThisbookletpresentsthetrendsofglobalfossilCO2emissionsfrom1990to2021togetherwithemissionsandremovalsfromLULUCF,includingfireemissions,upto2020.ForeachcountryaswellasfortheworldandEU27emissions,afact-sheetiscreatedwithtimeseriesoffossilCO2emissions,alsoinpercapitaandperGDPterms,includingsector-specifictrends.EDGARappliesabottom-upmethodologyasummaryofwhichisavailableintheAnnex1ofthisbooklet,togetherwithdatasourcesandreferences.Additionalanalysescanbefoundinthecompanionpublication“TrendsinGlobalCO2andTotalGreenhouseGasEmissions–2022Report”byOlivieretal.,(2022).(12)TheFast-Trackmethodologyisbasedonindicatorsofvolumetrendsforestimatingtheemissionsinthelastyears(fouryearsatmaximum)oftheperiodunderanalysis.(13)https://gwis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/82GlobalfossilCO2emissionsfrom1970until2021TheevolutionofglobalfossilCO2emissionsovertheperiod1970-2021asestimatedbyIEA-EDGARCO2isillustratedinFigure2.Emissiontrendsforthemainactivitysectors(namelypowerindustry14,otherindustrialcombustion15,transport16,buildings17,andothersectors18)arealsoshown.In2020globalfossilCO2emissionsdecreasedby5.3%incomparisonto2019.However,in2021,globalemissionsbouncedbackalmosttothelevelof2019(theyearbeforetheCOVIDpandemic),reaching37.9Gt(0.36%lowerthanin2019).Afterthelargedropobservedin2020asaresultofthepandemic,globalfossilCO2emissionsfromthetransportsectorincreasedin2021to7.6Gt(althoughtheyarestill7%lowerthanin2019,beforeCOVID).GlobalpercapitafossilCO2emissionsin2021returnedtothesameleveltheyhadin2008(4.81tCO2/cap)withanoverallincreasebyabout13%between1990and2021.Figure2.GlobalfossilCO2emissions19bysector(leftaxis)andpercapita(rightaxis),1970-2021(inGt)Source:JRC,2022Figure3showsthetotalannualfossilCO2emissionsoftheEU27andotherfivetopemittingcountriesintheworld(China,theUnitedStates,India,RussiaandJapan)from1970to2021whilethecorrespondingpercapitaCO2emissions(intCO2/cap)andtheworldaveragearerepresentedinFigure4.Figure5depictsCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPP(intCO2/kUSD)fortopemittingeconomiesandfortheworldaverage.Figures3to5includeuncertaintybandsshowingthe95%confidenceintervaloftheemissionestimates20.(14)Powerindustryincludespowerandheatgenerationplants(publicandauto-producers).(15)Otherindustrialcombustionincludescombustionforindustrialmanufacturingandfuelproduction.(16)Transportincludesroadtransport,railtransport,domesticaviation,domesticshippingandinlandwaterwaytransportforeachcountry.InternationalshippingandaviationalsobelongtothissectorandarepresentedseparatelyinthecountryfactsheetsduetotheirInternationalnature.(17)Buildingsincludessmallscalenon-industrialstationarycombustion(18)Othersectorsincludeindustrialprocessemissions(non-metallicminerals,non-ferrousmetals,solventsandotherproductuse,chemicals),agriculturalsoils(ureafertilisationandlimeapplication)andwaste.(19)FossilCO2emissionsincludesourcesfromfossilfueluse,industrialprocesses,andproductuse(combustion,flaring,cement,steel,chemicals,andurea).(20)Theestimateduncertaintyconsiderstheaccuracyofbothactivitydataandemissionfactorstatisticspertypeoffuel.ThetieredmodelofIPCC(IPCC,2006a)isusedtoestimatetheuncertainty,assigninglower/higheruncertaintytomore/leastdevelopedcountries(Solazzoetal.,2021).Theoverallaccuracydependsonthedegreeofaggregation(globalorcountrylevel,totalorsector-specific,etc.).Tocalculatethehistoricuncertainty,itisassumedthattheactivitydatastatisticswerelessaccurateinpastdecades.Anadditionaluncertaintyof0.1%to0.4%isaddedduetotheFast-Trackapproach,varyingwithcountryandyear.Overall,weestimatethatemissionchangesareaccuratetowithin±0.5%(Olivieretal.,2016)for1970-2019increasingtoupto±2%fortheFast-Trackperiod2020-2021,dependingonregional,sectorialandfuelcontributions.9Figure3.CO2emissionsintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1970-2021(inGt)Source:JRC,2022Figure4.CO2emissionspercapitaintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1970-2021(tCO2/cap)Source:JRC,202210Figure5.CO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1990-2021(tCO2/kUSD)21Source:JRC,2022GlobalfossilCO2emissionsin2021almostreturnedto2019levels,reaching37.9Gt(only0.36%belowthe2019value).Comparedwiththepandemicyear2020,globalCO2emissionsin2021are5.3%higher(seeTable2).ExceptforAustralia,whichcontinuedthedecreasingtrendin2021(-2.4%),allothermajoremittersincreasedtheirfossilCO2emissionsbetween2020and2021.Amongthese,ChinaandIran,theonlytwocountrieswithincreasedemissionsin2020comparedto2019,alsoincreasedemissionsin2021(by+4.3%and+2.9%,respectively).In2021,Brazil(+11%)andIndia(+10.5%)showedthehighestrelativeincreaseinfossilCO2emissionscomparedto2020.Overall,sevencountries(China,India,Russia,Iran,SaudiArabia,Brazil,andTurkey)havehigherCO2emissionsin2021thanin2019(beforethepandemic),withTurkeyshowingthehighestincrease(+7.9%).Bycomparison,theEU27andeightothercountries(UnitedStates,Japan,SouthKorea,Indonesia,Canada,SouthAfrica,Mexico,andAustralia)emittedlessin2021thanin2019,withMexicoshowingthelargestdecrease(-13%).GlobalCO2percapitaemissionshaveincreasedbyabout13%from4.26tCO2/capto4.81tCO2/capbetween1990and2021.AsshowninTable2,intheEU27,totalfossilCO2emissionsincreasedby6.5%(0.17Gt)in2021comparedwith2020.However,thisincreaseisjusthalfofthereductionthattookplacebetween2019and2020(-10.8%),consequentlytheEU27emissionsfellby5%between2021and2019.AlmostallEUcountriesincreasedtheirfossilCO2emissionsin2021incomparisonto2020;thelargestincreaseswerefoundinBulgaria(+15.5%),Slovakia(+13.2%),Spain(+9.2%),Poland(+8.4%)andFrance(+8.3%).Nevertheless,onlyfourmemberstatesemittedmoreCO2in2021thanin2019(beforethepandemic):Slovakia(+7.6%),Poland(+2.8%),Malta(+1.6%)andBulgaria(+1.3%).In2021,GermanyremainedthelargestcontributortotheEU27’stotalfossilCO2emissions(withashareof24%),followedbyPoland(11.6%),Italy(11.5%),France(10.9%)andSpain(8.4%).IntheEU27,allsectorsincreasedtheirfossilCO2emissionsin2021comparedto2020.ThePowerIndustryandOtherIndustrialCombustionsectorsshowedthelargestrelativeincreases(+9.1%and+6.7%,respectively),whereasthetransportsectorrecoveredlessthanhalfofthedecreaseinannualemissionsthatitexperiencedin2020.Inpercapitaterms,theEU27’sfossilCO2emissionscorrespondto6.25tCO2perpersonin2021(Figure4),(21)Onthelefthandsideindustrialisedcountriesarerepresentedwhiletheemergingeconomiesareontherighthandside.11whichis6.5%higherthanin2020(5.87tCO2/cap).CO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPamountedto0.141tCO2/kUSDin2021,i.e.,1.1%higherthanin2020.Fromalonger-termperspective,fossilCO2emissionsintheEU2722havefollowedadecreasingtrendoverthepasttwodecades,andin2021theywere2.78Gt,i.e.,27.4%belowthe1990level(seeFigure3).TheEU27’sshareofglobalemissionshasalsodecreasedoverthelastdecades(from16.8%in1990to8.5%in2015and7.3%in2021).Table2.CO2emissionchanges23intheperiods2019-2020,2020-2021,2019-2021andtheCAGR24in1990-2021(%)ShareinglobalChange2019-2020Change2020-2021Change2019-2021CAGR1990-2021China32.9%1.5%4.3%5.9%5.4%UnitedStatesEU2712.6%-10.9%6.5%-5.2%-0.2%IndiaRussia7.3%-10.8%6.5%-5.0%-1.0%JapanIran7.0%-6.5%10.5%3.3%4.9%SouthKoreaIndonesia5.1%-4.5%8.1%3.2%-0.7%SaudiArabiaCanada2.9%-7.6%2.8%-5.0%-0.2%BrazilSouthAfrica1.9%3.1%2.9%6.1%4.1%TurkeyMexico1.7%-6.9%3.5%-3.6%2.7%AustraliaGlobal1.6%-8.7%1.9%-6.9%4.3%InternationalaviationInternationalshipping1.5%-0.4%2.0%1.6%4.0%Source:JRC20221.5%-9.9%2.8%-7.4%0.8%1.3%-7.7%11.0%2.4%2.5%1.2%-9.1%1.8%-7.4%1.1%1.2%-0.1%8.0%7.9%3.6%1.1%-16.7%4.3%-13.1%1.2%1.0%-7.4%-2.4%-9.6%0.9%-5.3%5.3%-0.4%1.7%1.0%-45.3%15.4%-36.8%1.3%1.8%-2.6%4.9%2.2%2.1%China’sfossilCO2emissionsincreasedby4.3%in2021comparedto2020,reaching12.5Gt.Addedtothe1.5%increaseobservedin2020,China’sannualemissionswere5.9%higherin2021thanin2019(beforethepandemic).China’semissionsin2021weremorethanfivetimeslargerthanin1990andaccountedfor32.9%ofglobalemissions(in1990,thissharewas10.7%).Thisincreaseinemissionsin2021ismainlyduetoincreasesinoilandgasconsumption(by6.5%and12.5%,respectively)anda4.6%increaseincoalconsumption,whichcontinuedtobethelargestfractionoffossilfuelconsumption(54.7%).In2021,oilandgasconsumptionrepresented19.4%and8.6%ofChina’sfossilfuelconsumption,respectively.In2021,thesectorscontributingthemosttothefossilCO2emissionswerepowergeneration(44%)andotherindustrialcombustion(27%).In2021,theemissionsfromthesesectorsincreasedby4.7%and5.6%,respectively,comparedto2020.ThepercapitaCO2emissionsin2021(8.73tCO2/cap)were4.0%higherthanin2020(8.39tCO2/cap),whileCO2emissionsperGDPPPPamountedto0.501tCO2/kUSD,whichisthehighestCO2intensityoftopemittingeconomies(seeTable1).EmissionsoffossilCO2intheUnitedStatesincreasedin2021by6.5%incomparisonwith2020(seeTable2),reachingabout4.8Gt(seeFigure3).Ifthisiscombinedwiththe10.9%decreasethattookplacebetween2019and2020,thisexplainswhythefossilCO2emissionsoftheUnitedStatesin2021were5.2%lowerthanin2019.Overall,emissionswere6.2%lowerin2021thanin1990.Emissionsmostlyfellbetween2005and2020(seeFigure3),primarilyduetoadecreaseincoalconsumption(-5.2%peryear,onaverage)(BP,2022).Incomparison,theincreaseinCO2emissionsin2021wasdrivenbysubstantialincreasesincoal(+14.9%)andoil(+8.6%)consumption.ThesharesofoilandcoalinthetotalfuelconsumptionoftheUnitedStatesin2021were37.0%and9.9%,respectively.In2021,afterthedecreasesof5.2%in2019and7.8%in2020,emissionsperunitofGDPPPPwere0.227tCO2/kUSD,i.e.,0.7%higherthanin2020(seeTable1).Emissionspercapitahaveincreasedby(22)Asmentionedintheexecutivesummary,EDGARemissionestimatesaimtocontributetotheupcomingUNFCCCGlobalStocktakes,complementingofficiallyreportednationalemissioninventorieswhicharealsobasedonIPCCreportingguidelinesandreviewedbyUNFCCC.TheEDGARdataaredifferentfromthoseusedtotracktheaccomplishmentofEUreductionpoliciesandofficiallysubmittedtoUNFCCC.(23)InTable2countriesarerankedbytheirCO2emissionshareintheglobaltotal(countrieswithsharemorethan1%areshown).(24)Compoundannualgrowthrate(CAGR)calculatesannualchangesoveraspecifiednumberofyearsasifthischangehadhappenedsteadilyeachyearoverthattimeperiod.125.7%in2021comparedto2020andtheyreached14.2tCO2/cap(seeFigure4),thelargestvalueamongthetop6emittingeconomies.India’sfossilCO2emissionsincreasedby10.5%(or0.25Gt)in2021comparedto2020,reachingalevel3.3%higherthanthepre-pandemic2019level(seeTable2).Inthelastthreedecades,India’sCO2emissionshaveincreasedalmostcontinuously,andtheywere3.4%higherin2021thanin1990(seeFigure1).Withashareofapproximately7%oftotalglobalCO2emissionsin2021,IndiaisthefourthlargestemittingeconomyafterChina,theUnitedStatesandtheEU27.However,India’spercapitaemissions(1.9tCO2/capin2021)arethree/fourtimeslowerthanthoseoftheEU27andChina,seventimeslowerthanthoseoftheUnitedStates,andbelowtheaveragepercapitaemissionsofmanydevelopingcountries(e.g.Brazil,Morocco,Thailand,etc.).India’semissionsperunitofGDPPPPwere0.285tCO2/kUSDin2021,i.e.,1.5%higherthanin2020.Thelargestcontributiontoemissionscomesfromtheenergysector,whichincreaseditsemissionsby15%in2021comparedto2020,andwhichismostlysuppliedbycoal(whichrepresents63.3%oftotalfossilfuelconsumptionin2021,BP,2022).Annualcoalconsumption,mostlydomesticallyproduced,increasedby15.4%,whereasannualoilandgasconsumptionincreasedby3.6%and2.8%respectivelyaccordingtoBP(2022).In2021,Russia’sfossilCO2emissionsincreasedby8.1%comparedto2020,andby3.2%comparedtothepre-pandemiclevelof2019(seeTable2).Comparedto1990,in2021Russia’sCO2emissionsare18.9%lower(seeFigure3).Witha5.1%shareofglobalCO2emissionsin2021,RussiaisthefifthlargestemitterafterChina,theUnitedStates,EU27andIndia.Russia’spercapitaemissions(13.5tCO2/capin2021)arehigherthanthoseofChina(by55%),EU27(by116%)andJapan(by57%),but5.0%lowerthanthoseoftheUnitedStates(seeFigure4).Russia’semissionsperunitofGDPPPPwere0.476tCO2/kUSDin2021,i.e.,3.1%higherthanin2020(seeTable1).In2021,Japan’s,fossilCO2emissionsincreasedby2.8%comparedto2020andreached1.08Gt.However,theywere5.0%lowerthanin2019,thuscontinuingthedecreasingtrendobservedinthelastyears(seeFigure1).In2021,Japan’semissionswere7.4%lowerthanin1990andtheyrepresented2.9%ofglobalCO2emissions(seeTable2).Japan’spercapitaemissionsin2021(8.6tCO2/cap)weresimilartothoseoftheNetherlands(8.5tCO2/cap)andslightlyhigherthanthoseofGermany(8.1tCO2/cap).Thecountry’semissionsperunitofGDPPPPwere212kgCO2/kUSDin2021(seeTable1),i.e.,1.1%higherthanin2020.133GlobalCO2fromLULUCFfrom1990until2020ThiseditionoftheEDGARbookletincludesannualestimatesofCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLandUse,Land-UseChangeandForestry(LULUCF),identifiedasoneofthekeysectorsfortacklingclimatechangeandforcompliancewithemissionreductionstrategies(IPCC2019a).TheestimateofemissionsfromLULUCFhelpstoprovideamorecompleteoverviewofglobalCO2fluxes.However,LULUCFisanextremelycomplexsectortoaccountforintermsofcarbonemissionsandremovals,duetotheinherentcomplexityofterrestrialecosystemsandthedifficultyofdisentanglinganthropogenicandnaturalfluxes.InthisversionoftheEDGAR-LULUCFdataset,onlythelivingbiomasspools(i.e.,above-andbelow-groundbiomass)ofthe“ForestLand”categoryhavebeenestimatedindependently,whiletheotherLULUCFfluxes(i.e.,non-biomassforestpoolsandnon-forestcategories)weretakenfromacompilationoftheofficialcountryreportingtotheUNFCCC(Grassietal.,2022a).Furthermore,anoveltyofthisbookletistheinclusionofCO2emissionsfrombiomassburningestimatedwithintheGlobalWildfireInformationSystemburnedareaproducts(GWIS)(Artésetal.,2019).WefocusonForestLand(i.e.managedforestexistingforatleast20yearsandlandconvertedtoForestLandwithintheprevious20years)becausethiscategoryisveryimportantintermsofabsoluteCO2fluxes,butitsreportingisoftenincomplete(especiallyindevelopingcountries)andtheattributionofanthropogenicvs.naturalfluxesisveryuncertain.Furthermore,withinthiscategory,wefocusonlivingbiomassbecauseitisbyfarthemostimportantcarbonpool(typicallyrepresenting>80%ofthenetCO2flux,basedondatafromAnnexIcountries).Theestimatesforforestlandpresentedherecombinesatellite-deriveddatatotracklandusewithspecificdefaultIPCCfactorsforforestgrowthandcountrystatisticsforforestharvest(seeAnnex2fordetails).SincetheIPCCfactorsderivedfromtheliteratureareoftenveryuncertainandshowahighvariabilityacrossdifferentcontinents(alsoforthesametreespeciesorforesttypes),weusedadditionalliteratureandexpertjudgementtoobtainamorehomogeneousandconsistentsetofvalues.ItshouldbenotedthatourestimatesarebasedontheIPCCTier1approach,i.e.themostbasicapproachtoestimateGHGfluxes.Ourestimatescanprovideusefulinformationonareasforwhichnoorlittleofficialestimationsareavailable(e.g.severalAfricancountries),butareexpresslynotaimedatchallengingnorverifyingtheestimatesproducedbyindividualcountrieswhenlocallyavailabledataandmethods(Tier2orTier3)areused.Intermsofattributionofanthropogenicfluxes,theapproachusedhereis,inprinciple,comparablewithwhatmostcountriesincludeintheirGHGreportingpreparedfollowingtheIPCCGuidelinesforNationalGHGinventories(IPCC2006a,IPCC2019b),butdiffersfromtheglobalmodelsusedintheIPCCreports(e.g.,IPCC2022a).Globalmodelstypicallyconsiderasmanagedforestonlythoseareassubjecttointenseharvest,whereascountriesmaydefinemanagedforestmorebroadlywithintheirGHGInventoriesandtherebyincludeamuchlargerarea.Inaddition,countriesgenerallyincludeintheirGHGinventoriesmostofthenaturalresponseoflandtohuman-inducedenvironmentalchanges(e.g.,CO2fertilisation,etc.),whiletheglobalmodelapproachtreatsthisresponseaspartofthenon-anthropogenicflux(Grassietal.2021,IPCC2019a).OurapproachisclosertocountryGHGinventoriesbecausewefilterthetotalsatellite-derivedforestareawithnon-intactforestarea,whichisareasonableproxyforcountries’managedforests(Grassietal.2021),andbecausetheIPCCgrowthfactorsareexpectedtoincorporatemostoftherecenthuman-inducedenvironmentalchanges.FortheotherLULUCFfluxes,weuseacompilationofcountries’dataofficiallyreportedtotheUNFCCC(Grassietal.2022a),includingGHGInventoriesforAnnexIparties(completetimeseries1990-2020)andotherGHGreportingsuchasNationalCommunications,BiennialUpdateReports,NationallyDeterminedContributionsandREDD+submissionsforNon-AnnexIparties(oftenincompletetimeseries,gap-filledwhennecessary).Inthisbooklet,weaggregatedtheavailabledataintocategoriesaimedtobeaminimumcommondenominatorbetweenthedetailedreportingofAnnexIcountries,theoftencoarsereportingfromnon-AnnexIcountries,andtheoutputsbytheglobalmodels(Grassietal.2022b,Friedlingsteinetal.2022).Thesecategoriesare‘deforestation’,‘organicsoil’,and‘other’.DeforestationincudesCO2emissionsreportedunder‘Forestconversiontootherlandusecategories’.Organicsoilsincludesdatafromalllanduses,includingpeatfires(e.g.,inIndonesia).Thecategory‘other’includesallthefluxesnotcoveredinthepreviouscategories,e.g.fromnon-biomassforestpoolsandfromotherlandusecategoriessuchascropland,grassland,wetlands,settlements,andOtherLand.Forthefirsttime,weincludeinEDGAR-LULUCFpartoftheemissionsassociatedwithwildfiresfromtheGWISdatabase(seedetailsinAnnex3).Sinceemissionsfromforestfiresintropicalregionscanbeassumedtobemostlyassociatedtodeforestationpractices(e.g.VanderWerfetal.2017),to14avoidtodoublecountingweexcludedtheseemissionsfromtheEDGARdataset.Forestfireemissionsinnon-tropicalregionswereincludedinourestimatesofnetCO2fluxesinforestland.TheCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFareherebelowpresentedfortheworld(seeFigure6)andfortheEU27(seeFigure7)from1990to202025.Figure6.GlobalCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsector(inGt),1990-2020Source:JRC,2022Global:TheLULUCFsectorwasestimatedtoremoveabout3.9GtCO2in2020,approximatelythesamelevelofthepreviousdecadeand12%lessthanin2010.Thisnetremovalisequivalenttoapproximately10%ofglobalanthropogenicfossilCO2emissions.Basedonourestimates,managedforests(livingbiomass,excludingdeforestation)arebyfarthelargestCO2removalcategory,withanestimated8.4Gtin2020,equivalenttoabout22%ofglobalanthropogenicCO2(excludingLULUCF)emittedinthesameperiod.ThisindependentlyestimatednetremovalislargerthanwhatcountriesincludeintheirGHGreports(about6.3GtCO2,Grassietal.2022a);thedifferencemaybepartlyexplainedbyincompletecountryreportsandbydifferentmethodologiesandassumptionsbetweencountryreportsandourapproach.Inparticular,weestimatealargerCgainintheborealarea(e.g.,inRussianFederationandCanada),mostlyduetotheIPCCdefaultfactorssuggestingagreatertreegrowththanthecountryGHGreports,andlargerClossesinsometropicalareas,mostlyduetothehighvaluesofharvestreportedbysomecountriestoFAOSTAT(e.g.,India,Ethiopia).Inmostcases,itcanbeassumedthatthelocaldataandapproachesusedincountryGHGreportsarebettersuitedforGHGreportingthantheglobal-scaleimplementationofadefaultIPCCTier1approach,asdoneinourstudy.In2020basedonGWISdata,globalwildfirescontributedtoLULUCFemissionsfor0.66GtCO2.Forthesameyear,basedoncountryGHGreports,globaldeforestationwasresponsiblefornetCO2emissionsof4.0GtCO2,equivalentto10.6%ofthetotalanthropogenicCO2emissions.Amongtheothercomponents,in2020organicsoilsarearatherstableemissionofabout0.9GtCO2.In2021,globalwildfirescontributetoLULUCFemissionsfor0.7GtCO2.ThelargedifferencebetweenthenetLULUCFestimatesinthisbookletandthosefromtheIPCCreports(whichreportnetanthropogenicland-useemissionsofabout5to6GtCO2/yr,IPCC2022)canbetoalargeextentexplainedbydifferentapproachesinassessingthe“anthropogenic”CO2removals,i.e.thisbooklet(consistentlywithmostcountryGHGreports)consideranthropogenicpartoftheCO2removalsthatglobalmodels(asreflectedintheIPCCreports)considernatural.Oncethedifferenceindefiningthe‘anthropogenic’(25)LULUCF2021dataarethesameasthe2020valuesduetolackofsatellite-basedinformationandinternationalstatistics.15sinkbetweencountriesandmodelsareunderstood,LULUCFestimatescanbelargelyreconciledandglobalandregionallevel(Grassietal.2021,Grassi2022b).Furthermore,consideringthattheIPCC2022estimatesaremovalofabout6GtCO2/yrforthe“netland-atmospherefluxfromalllands”(i.e.,managedandunmanaged),andthatabout70%oflandissubjecttosomedegreeofmanagement(IPCC2019a),thenetremovalofabout3.6GtCO2/yrestimatedinthisbookletfrommanagedlandoverallappearsplausible.Figure7.EU27CO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsector(inGt),1990-2020Source:JRC2022EU27:TheLULUCFsectorproducedanetremovalofCO2emissionsofabout0.3GtCO2in2020,approximately40%lessthan1990slevels.Thisisequivalenttoapproximately11%ofEU27fossilanthropogenicCO2emissions.LivingbiomassinmanagedforestsisbyfarthemostimportantCsink,withanestimatednet0.30GtCO2in2020,equivalenttoover11%offossilCO2emittedinEU27inthesameperiod.Theothercomponents(non-biomassforestpools,deforestation,organicsoilsandother,basedoncountryGHGreports)producedanetemissionof0.13GtCO2in2020.Basedonourestimates,wildfireemissionsrepresentaminorcomponentforEU27in2020,withacontributionof0.004GtCO2,althoughthisfigureobviouslyvarygreatlyaccordingtothefireseasonseverity(0.018GtCO2wereemittedin2017).164ConclusionsTheEmissionsDatabaseforGlobalAtmosphericResearch(EDGAR)isacomprehensiveinventoryofanthropogenicemissiontimeseriesfrom1970until2021forfossilCO2.ItconsistsoftheIEA-EDGARCO2datasetofCO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustion(1990-2019period),extendedupto2021withaFast-Trackapproach.TheseemissionsarecomplementedwithCO2emissionsfromprocessesfromtheEDGARdatabase.AnIPCC-basedbottom-upemissioncalculationmethodologyisappliedtoallcountries,demonstratingthatconsistentinventoriescanbedevelopedforallcountrieswithinthelimitationsofthequalityoftheavailablestatisticaldata.EDGARcomplementsthenationalinventoriesandreportingpreparedbyPartiestotheParisAgreement,inparticularbyproducingatimelyemissionsestimate26thatisindependent,andbasedonconsistentapplicationinformationandmethodologicaltoolsacrosscountries.Inparticular,thetimeseriesofEDGARcanprovidecollectiveemissionstrendinformationforallcountriesthatwillbeneededfortheUNFCCC’sGlobalStocktakein2023.EDGARprovidesanimportantinputtotheanalysisofglobalfossilCO2emissiontrendswithits51-yeartimeseries.ThisreleaseofEDGARincludesestimatesofCO2emissionsfromLULUCF,resultinginaglobalremovalofapproximately3.9Gtin2020.IntheEU27,LULUCFwasaremovalofabout0.3GtCO2in2020,reducingsignificantlyitsmagnitudecomparedto1990.IEA-EDGARjointreport27showsthatglobalfossilCO2emissionsfromanthropogenicactivities,haveincreasedbynearly2%annuallyonaveragesince1990,andtheywerearound66.6%higherin2021thanin1990.GlobalfossilCO2emissionsremainedmoreorlessconstantbetween2014and2016,reachingapeakin2019justbelow38Gt.Theyfellby5.3%in2020(mainlyasaconsequenceoftheCOVID-19pandemicanditsassociatedimpacts),andthentheyrecoveredin2021,reachingnearlythesamelevelasin2019.During2021,majoreconomiescontributing67.8%totheglobalemissions(China,USA,EU27,India,Russia,andJapan),showedincreasesintheirCO2emissionscomparedto2020.Theseincreasesreflecttherecoveryoftheseeconomies.However,onlyinChinatheeconomicrecoverypacewashigherthantheincreaseinCO2emissions.Inallothermajoreconomies,CO2emissionsincreasedmorethantheGDPPPP,resultinginanincreasedCO2intensity.Overall,the2020CO2emissiondecreasehasbeencompensatedbythereboundoftheworldeconomyin2021andshoweditstemporarynature.Evenmoreworrying,severaleconomieshaveshownin2021aninterruptioninthedecreasingtrendoftheircarbonintensityandthecurrentcrisissituationinseveraldevelopedcountriesisalsoapossiblehurdleonthepathwaytowardsalowcarbonsociety.Inordertocontinuouslymonitoringprogressesanddrawbacks,EDGARdatasetwillplayamajorroleamongtheanalysistoolsavailabletothescientificcommunityandthepolicymakers,thankstoitsverydetailedgranularityintermsofsectors,fuelsandgeographicalentities.(26)IntheofficialNationalInventoryReports,thelatestreportingyearcanbeuptotwoyearspriortothesubmissionyear.(27)https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_202217ReferencesArtés,T.,Oom,D.,DeRigo,D.,Durrant,T.H.,Maianti,P.,Libertà,G.andSan-Miguel-Ayanz,J.Aglobalwildfiredatasetfortheanalysisoffireregimesandfirebehaviour.Scientificdata,6(1),1-11(2019).https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0312-2.BPStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy,June2022(http://www.bp.com/statisticalreview),LastaccessJuly2022.BGS(2021),BritishGeologicalSocietyfornon-ferrousmetals,LastaccessMarch2022,https://www.bgs.ac.uk/datasets/uk-and-world-mineral-statistics-datasets/.Cook-Patton,S.C.,Leavitt,S.M.,Gibbs,D.etal.Mappingcarbonaccumulationpotentialfromglobalnaturalforestregrowth.Nature585,545–550(2020).Crippaetal.,2021,GHGemissionsofallworldcountries-2021Report,EUR30831EN,PublicationsOfficeoftheEuropeanUnion,Luxembourg,2021,ISBN978-92-76-41547-3,doi:10.2760/173513,JRC126363EIA,U.S.2022,EnergyInformationAdministrationdatainterface(https://www.eia.gov/)FAO.2013.GlobalecologicalzonesforFAOforestreporting:2010Update.ForestResourcesAssessmentWorkingPaper179.FAO,Rome.Friedl,M.,Sulla-Menashe,D.MCD12Q1MODIS/Terra+AquaLandCoverTypeYearlyL3Global500mSINGridV006[Dataset].NASAEOSDISLandProcessesDAAC(2019).https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.006Giglio,L.,Boschetti,L.,Roy,D.P.,Humber,M.L.,andJustice,C.O.TheCollection6MODISburnedareamappingalgorithmandproduct.RemoteSensingofEnvironment,217,72-85(2018).GGFR/NOAA(2022),2012-2021dataforgasconsumptionforflaring,June2022.GCSA(2022),GlobalCementandConcreteAssociation,GNRproject-ReportingCO2https://gccassociation.org/gnr/(lastAccessJune2022).GlobalCement(2022).https://www.globalcement.com/news/item/13631-update-on-russia-february-2022(Lastaccess:July2022).Grassi,G.,House,J.,Dentener,F.etal.Thekeyroleofforestsinmeetingclimatetargetsrequiresscienceforcrediblemitigation.NatureClimChange7,220–226(2017).https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3227Grassi,G.,Stehfest,E.,Rogelj,J.etal.Criticaladjustmentoflandmitigationpathwaysforassessingcountries’climateprogress.Nat.Clim.Chang.11,425–434(2021).https://doi.org/10.103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U27-EuropeanUnionwith27MemberStatesFL–ForestLandFLrFL-ForestLandremainingForestLandcategoryGCSA-GlobalCementandConcreteAssociationGDP-GrossDomesticProductGGFR-GlobalGasFlaringReductionPartnershipoftheWorldBankGHG-GreenhouseGasGt-Gigatonnes(1000megatonnes=109metrictonnes)IEA-InternationalEnergyAgencyoftheOECD(Paris)IFA-InternationalFertiliserAssociationIMF-InternationalMonetaryFundIPCC-IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeJRC-JointResearchCentreoftheEuropeanCommissionkUSD-1000USDollarGDPLULUCF-Landuse,land-usechangeandforestryMt-Megatonnes(106tonnesor1teragramme)massofagiven(greenhousegas)substanceNBSC-NationalBureauofStatisticsofChinaNOAAU.S.-NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationn/a-NotAvailableOECD-OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopmentPBL-NetherlandsEnvironmentalAssessmentAgencyPPP-PurchasingPowerParityt-tonne(1tor1megagramme)massofagiven(greenhousegas)substanceUNFCCC-UnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeUNPD-UnitedNationsPopulationDivisionUSD-U.S.DollarUSGS-UnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyWorldsteel-WordSteelAssociationyr–Year20ListoffiguresFigure1.FossilCO2emissionsofthemajoremittingeconomies,1970-2021(inGt)............................................4Figure2.GlobalfossilCO2emissionsbysector(leftaxis)andpercapita(rightaxis),1970-2021(inGt)...............9Figure3.CO2emissionsintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1970-2021(inGt).........................................................................................................................................................................10Figure4.CO2emissionspercapitaintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1970-2021,(tCO2/cap)...................................................................................................................................................10Figure5.CO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPintopemittingcountriesandestimateduncertainty(colouredbands),1990-2021(tCO2/kUSD)..........................................................................................................................11Figure6.GlobalCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsector(inGt),1990-2020........................................15Figure7.EU27CO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsector(inGt),1990-2020.........................................1621ListoftablesTable1.GDPPPPandCO2emissionsintensityofeconomy(tCO2/kUSD)in2021andtheircomparedto2020,changeofCO2emissionsintensityforperiod2020-2021,2019-2020,and2021-2019..........................................5Table2.CO2emissionchangesintheperiods2019-2020,2020-2021,2019-2021andtheCAGRin1990-2021(%).........................................................................................................................................................................12Table3.MainactivitiesincludedinEDGARemissionsestimation.......................................................................2322AnnexesAnnex1.Bottom-upmethodologyfortheCO2emissionscompilationThebasisforthefossilCO2emissiontimeseriespresentedinthisreportistheIEA-EDGARCO2datasetwhichcoverstheperiod1970-2019(IEA,2021b).InEDGAR,theemissionspercountryandcompoundarecalculatedonanannualbasisandsectorwisebymultiplyingthecountry-specificactivityandtechnologymixdatabycountry-specificemissionfactorsandreductionfactorsforinstalledabatementsystemforeachsector.RegardingfossilCO2emissions,allanthropogenicactivitiesleadingtoclimaterelevantemissionsareincluded(seeTable3),exceptbiomass/biofuelcombustion(short-cyclecarbon)inthepower,industry,buildings,transport,andagriculturalsectors.Large-scalebiomassburningandlanduse,land-usechangeandforestry(LULUCF)arenowpartoftheEDGARestimationsforCO2emissions.EDGARmakesuseoftheIPCCsectorialclassification,andaconsistentbottom-upemissioncalculationmethodologyisappliedtoallcountries,sothatemissionsofdifferentcountriescanbecompared,consideringtheirrespectivelevelsofdetail,uncertaintiesordatalimitations.Inparticular,fordevelopingcountrieswithlessrobustandsystematicstatisticaldatainfrastructuresandlimitedexperienceinreportingtheirfossilfuelemissionsinventories,EDGARcanprovideinformationandsupportthemincomplyingwiththeirinventorypreparation.Table3.MainactivitiesincludedinEDGARemissionsestimationFossilCO2CO2LULUCFPOWERINDUSTRY:powerandheatgenerationplantsFORESTLAND:forestlandremainingforest(publicandauto-producers)landandotherlandsconvertedtoforestOTHERINDUSTRIALcombustionforindustrialDEFORESTATION:deforestationincludingCOMBUSTION:manufacturingandfuelproductiontropicalfiresBUILDINGS:smallscalenon-industrialORGANICSOIL:drainageoforganicsoilsstationarycombustionTRANSPORT:road,non-road,domesticandOTHER:Nonbiomassforestpools,internationalaviation,inlandcropland,grassland,waterwaysandinternationalsettlements,wetlandsandshippingotherlandOTHERSECTORS:industrialprocesses,agricultureFIRES:forestfires(boreal,soils(ureafertilizationandlime)temperate),peatfires,Source:JRC,2022andwasteshrublandfires,non-tropicalsavannahfiresIEA-EDGARCO2(v128)buildsupontheIEACO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustion(IEA,2021b)providingestimatesfrom1970to2019bycountryandsector29.IEA-EDGARCO2(v1)emissionsarethenextendedwithaFastTrackapproachuntil2021usingtheBPstatisticsfortheyears2020and2021assumingthesamesectoralbreakdownasinthelastyearoftheIEAenergybalancestatistics.(28)https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2022(29)IEA-EDGARCO2emissionsfromfossilfuelcombustionarethosereportedbyIEAfrom1990to2019.Emissionsfrom1970to1989arestillbasedonIEAdatabutcomplementedwithadditionalstatisticsgatheredovertheyearsandincludedinpreviousreleasesoftheEDGARdatabase.Furthermore,itincludesnon-energyuseemissionscomputedfromtheIEAenergybalances(2021a)whicharehowevernotreportedintheIEACO2emissions(2021b).The2019emissionsprovidedbyIEAinthe2021Edition(IEA,2021b)maydifferfromthelatestIEAestimatesincludingCO2emissionsupto2020andsomeprovisionalestimatesfor2021(IEA,2022a,IEA,2022b).23Asaconsequenceofthisapproach,theemissionsfortheFastTrackyears(2020-2021)reportedinthisbookletwillbeupdatedinsubsequenteditionsofthisbooklet,usingfuturereleasesoftheIEAenergybalancestatisticsuptomostrecentyears.CO2emissionsupto2021forcement,lime,ammoniaandferroalloysproductionarebasedonUSGS(2022)andBGS(2022)statistics,ureaproductionandconsumptionarebasedonIFA(2022)statistics,associatedgasusedfromflaringfromGGFR/NOAA,steelproductionfromworldsteel,andcementclinkerproductionfromUNFCCC(2022a).FortheothersectorswithlowercontributionstoglobalCO2emissions,thetimeserieshavebeenextendedfortheperiod2020-2021usingproxydataandrelativechangesinactivitydatacomparedto2019,reportedinrecentdatasources.Forcombustionsources:detailedIEA-EDGARCO2(v1)emissions(IEA,2021b)areusedfortheperiod1970-2019.ToextendCO2emissiontimeseriesupto2021,trendsbasedon(BP,2022)consumptiondatabyfueltype(coal,oilandgas)areappliedtothe2019IEA-EDGARfossilCO2emissions.Inparticular,(BP,2022)oilregionalconsumptiondatatrendsfromJet/Kerosenefuelareappliedtodomesticaviationemissionstoextendthemupto2021.ToextendCO2emissionsfrominternationalmaritimeandaviationtransport,weapplythereportedchangesinCO2emissionsfortheyears2020and2021accordinglywiththeInternationalShippingCO2EmissionsGrowthfromMarineBenchmark(MarineBenchmark,2022)andIndustryStatisticsfromIATAStatistics(IATA,2022).Forthefugitiveemissions:CO2emissionsfromcokeproductionfor2020and2021followthesamerelativechangeasreportedforthecrudesteelproductionofworldsteel(2022).CO2flaredatoilandgasextractionfor1994onwardsisbasedonthetotalamountofgasflaredderivedfromsatelliteobservationoftheintensityofflaringlightspercountry(GGFR/NOAA,2022).Forthemetalindustry:thelargestcontributionisfromblastfurnaces,whichinadditiontotheCO2emissionsfromblastfurnacegascombustion(accountedforundertheenergysector)emitalsoCO2fromthecoke/coalinputasreducingagentandlimestoneusedforironandsteelproduction.HerethecrudesteelproductionstatisticsreportedbyWorldSteelAssociation(worldsteel,2021)areusedasinputtocalculateCO2emissions.Ferro-alloysproductiondatafromUSGSareusedtoupdatetheactivitydatainEDGARv7.0upto2018andformorerecentyears(2019-2021)furtherupdatesareperformedbyusingthepigironproductiontrendsanddatafromUSGSandBGS.PIGirondataareretrievedfromWorldSteelAssociation(worldsteel,2021)upto2020andupdatedto2021usingthePIGtrendprovidedbyUSGS.Finally,dataforChinaareretrievedfromNBSC(2022).Fornon-metallicminerals:CO2emissionsfromcarbonatesusedincementclinkerproductionarebasedonreportedorestimatedcementclinkerproduction.CementproductionwascalculatedfromcementproductionreportedbytheUSGS,exceptforChinain2021(NBSC,2022),Russia(GlobalCement,2022),andIndia(IBEF,2022).Theclinker-to-cementratioisbasedontheclinkerproductiondatauntil2020fromUNFCCC(2022)fortheAnnexIcountries,andforUSAupto2021usingUSGSdata;forChinafromWorldCement(2022).ForBrazil,Egypt,PhilippinesandThailand,weusedclinkerproductionratiosfromtheGCSA(2022)uptotheyear2019andthenappliedaconstanttrend.ThechangesinthelimeproductionfromUSGS(2021)areappliedtoextrapolateCO2emissionsfromallothercarbonateuses(glassproductionetc.).Concerningthefeedstockuseforchemicalsproduction,theammoniaproductionfromUSGS(2022)isused,exceptforureaconsumptionandproduction,wheredataareprovidedbytheInternationalFertiliserIndustryAssociation(IFA,2022).Itisassumedthatsmallsoillimingemissionsfollowthegrossammoniaproductiontrend.Forwaste:CO2emissionsfromwasteincinerationwithoutenergyrecoveryhavebeenupdatedusingdatafromGHGlocator(UNFCCC,202b)forbiogenicwaste(includingcremation30),clinicalwaste,sewagesludge,industrialsolidwaste,municipalsolidwasteandother(non-specified)waste.Thenon-AnnexIPartiesreportingonCO2emissions/removalsundercategory6C(waste)(UNFCCC,2022c)togetherwiththeapproachrecommendedinIPCC(2006c)areusedtocomplementthedataformunicipalsolidwaste.(30)Datasourcedfromhttps://www.cremation.org.uk24Forthecountriesbelongingto“OtherAfrica”31,“OtherNon-OECDAsia”32and“OtherNon-OECDAmericas”33intheIEAclassification:theshareofCO2emissionsfromallthesecountriesinglobaltotalisverysmall,e.g.in2019,thiswasabout0.24%.IEA(2021b)providesonlyaggregatedemissionsforthesethreegroupsofcountries.ToallocatethecorrespondingemissionstoeachsinglecountryweusedsplittingfactorsderivedfromtheU.S.EnergyInformationAdministration(2022)countryspecificdataonfuelconsumptionofcoal,oilandnaturalgas.Consequently,theuncertaintiesinCO2emissionestimationsforthesecountriesarelargerthantheonesforindividuallyreportedcountries,inparticularforthesectorialsubdivision.AdditionalreliabledataandinformationareneededtofurtherimprovetheirCO2emissionsallocation.(31)IncludesBurkinaFaso;Burundi;CapeVerde;CentralAfricanRepublic;Chad;Comoros;Djibouti;theKingdomofEswatini;Gambia;Guinea;Guinea-Bissau;Lesotho;Liberia;Madagascar;Malawi;Mali;Mauritania;Namibia(until1990);Réunion(until2010);Rwanda;SaoTomeandPrincipe;Seychelles;SierraLeone;Somalia;andUganda..(32))IncludesAfghanistan;Bhutan;Cambodia(until1994);CookIslands;EastTimor;Fiji;FrenchPolynesia;Kiribati;LaoPeople’sDemocraticRepublic(until1999);Macau,China;Maldives;Mongolia(until1984);NewCaledonia;Palau(from1994);PapuaNewGuinea;Samoa;SolomonIslands;TongaandVanuatu.(33)IncludesAnguilla,AntiguaandBarbuda;Aruba;Bahamas;Barbados;Belize;Bermuda;Bonaire;BritishVirginIslands;CaymanIslands;Dominica;FalklandIslands(Malvinas);FrenchGuiana(until2010);Grenada;Guadeloupe(until2010);Martinique(until2010);Montserrat;PuertoRico(fornaturalgas);Saba(from2012);SaintEustatius(from2012);SaintKittsandNevis;SaintLucia;SaintPierreandMiquelon;SaintVincentandtheGrenadines;SintMaarten(from2012);Suriname(until1999);andtheTurksandCaicosIslands.25Annex2.MethodologyfortheestimationofemissionsfromLandUse,Land-UseChangeandForestry(LULUCF)TheEDGAR-LULUCFcomponentisthesecondreleaseofadatasetdevelopedbytheJRC.Comparedtothepreviousrelease,itincludesnewestimatesofemissionsandtheremovalsfromlivingbiomassinthewholeForestLandsector,thereforeincludingtheForestLandremainingForestLandcategory(i.e.managedforestexistingfromatleast20years)andtheareasconvertedtoforestlandintheprevious20years,coveredbytheLandconvertedtoForestLandcategory.WildfireemissionsareincludedincurrentEDGAR-LULUCFestimatesandarebasedontheGlobalWildfireInformationSystem(GWIS)data,asdiscussedinAnnex3.Thenetfluxesfromtheotherlandusecategories,namelyDeforestation(theForestLandconvertedtoOtherLandcategory),OrganicSoils,andtheremainingcategoriesandpoolsgroupedunderthe“Other”term,arederivedfromadatasetbasedontheofficialcountryGHGreportssubmittedtoUNFCCC(seeGrassietal.2022a).Theresultingdatasetislargelycompleteonmostlandusesfordevelopedcountries,whiletheGHGreportsfrommostdevelopingcountriesarestillratherincomplete(inthiscase,gap-fillingwasdonetoensureacompletetimeseries,seeGrassietal.2022a).ThedatasetforForestLandlivingbiomassisproducedthroughageographicallyexplicitglobalscaleimplementationoftheIPCCTier1approachforGreenhouseGasInventories(GHGI),asoutlinedintheIPCCGuidelines(IPCC,2006and2019Refinement),thatcombinesactivitydata(areasoflandstableinthedifferentlandusecategories,andconversionsamongthem)andvariousdefaultfactorsandcountrystatisticstoestimateseparatelythecarbonremovals(gains)andemissions(losses)(Rossietal.,inpreparation).Tier1isthemostbasicandwidely-applicableapproach,whileTier2requirestheuseoflocally-derivedparameters,andTier3involvesmoreadvancedmodelling.PartiestotheUNFCCCarerequiredtouseatleastTier2whenestimatingcategoriesandcarbonpoolsmostsignificantfortheirGHGinventory.Theactivitydataforthegainsconsistintheareasofthedifferentlandusecategories,whichweassessedbymeansofoneofthemostwidelyusedrecentspatiallandcoverdatasets,the“Landcoverclassificationgriddedmapsfrom1992topresentderivedfromsatelliteobservations”,partoftheCopernicusClimateChangeService(C3S).ThisdatasetguaranteesbackwardcompatibilitywiththeESAClimateChangeInitiative(CCI)LandCoverDataset(ESA2017)previouslyreleasedfortheyears1992-2015.Thedatasetcurrentlyfurnishesannualgloballandcovermapsfortheperiod1992-2020atapproximately300mspatialresolutionattheequatordevelopedharmonizingdatafromdifferentsensors,suchasAVHRRfrom1992to1999,SPOT-Vegetationfrom1998to2012,MERIS(2003-2012),PROBA-VandSentinel-3OLCI(S3OLCI)from2013.Dataarereleasedwithatwo-yeardelay,meaningthatthelatestavailableglobalmaprefersatthemomentto2020.Thelegendconsistsof22classeswhichfollowtheFAOLandCoverClassificationSystem(LCCS).TheLandCovermapswereconvertedtoIPCClanduseclassesbymeansofaconversiontablewhichconsiders,foreachofthe22LCCSclasses,theshareswithinthepixelofthedifferentIPCClandusecategories(ForestLand-partitionedinbroadleafandneedleleaf,Cropland,Grassland,Settlements,Wetlands,andOtherLand),basedonthedefinitionofeachLCCSclasses.Foreachpixelofthemap,theseshareswerethenconvertedtoactuallandareasbelongingtothevariousIPCCcategoriesusedwithinGHGinventories.AnIntactForestlayer(Potapovetal.,2016)wasusedtodistinguishmanagedfromunmanagedforest,assumingintactforeststobeagoodproxyforunmanagedforests(seeGrassietal.2021).Theactivitydataforthelossesarethecountryharvestproductionstatistics(industrialroundwoodandfuelwood,partitionedinbroadleafandneedleleaf)fromtheFAOSTATdatabase.Whenpossible,harvestdatawerecorrectedforillegalandinformallogging,notregisteredinofficialstatistics,usingestimatesfromdifferentdatasets(seeKleinschmitetal.2016).AttheEUlevel,acalibrationprocedurewasappliedontheoriginalsatellite-derivedlanduseareastobestharmonizethetemporalbehaviouroftheESA/CopernicustimeserieswiththetrajectoryofthecountryGHGinventories,showinganincreaseintheEUforestcover.IntheTier1approach,activitydataaremodelledintogainsandlossesthroughaseriesofdefaultemissionfactorsandparameters(forestgrowthrate,BiomassConversionandExpansionFactors,wooddensity,carbondensity,root-to-shootratioetc.)availableforthewholeWorld.TheIPCCGuidelinescontaintableswithdefaultparametersvaluescompiledfromexistingliterature,varyingbygeographicalarea(continents)andvegetationcharacteristics(broadleaf/needleleaf,naturallygrowing/plantedforest,ageclass,etc.).Inourgeographicallyexplicitmodellingapproach,theappropriateparameterswereassignedtoeachpixelaccordingto26vegetation/climate/managementcharacteristicsidentifiedthroughancillaryspatialandstatisticaldatasetssuchastheFAO-GEZ(GlobalEcologicalZonesdataset,FAO2013),theFAOForestResourceAssessment(FRA),etc.Thisallowedthepartitioningofeachpixelareaaccordingtovegetationcharacteristicsessentialtoselectthecorrectparametersineachcontext,suchasthetreetype(broadleaforneedleleaf),thetypeofforest(e.g.,TropicalRainforest,TemperateContinentalForest,etc.,fromFAO/GEZ),thevegetationcharacteristics(plantedtreesornaturalgrownforest,fromFAO-FRA),andtheforestageclass(lessorequal20yearsold,morethan20yearsold).ThedefaultparametersareobtainedfromtheIPCCGuidelines(2006and2019Refinement),theofficialreferencefortheproductionofnationalGHGInventories.Theseparametersvaluesarecompiledfromawiderangeofliteratureandpresentahighdegreeofheterogeneityamongthedifferentcontinents(alsoforthesametreespeciesorforesttype),reflectingthedifficultyofidentifyingspecificparameterswhicharetrulyrepresentativefortheIPCCforestspecies/typesorclimatezone.Accordingtosomeanalysis(e.g.Cook-Pattonetal.2020)insomecasestheseIPCCvaluesaresystematicallyunderoroverestimated.GiventhehighuncertaintyintheIPCCfactors,weselectedthemfromthetablesalsousingexpertjudgementandadditionalliteratureanalysis.Theselectionofamorereliablesetofdefaultparametersisafieldwithmuchroomforfutureimprovement.ComparedtolastyearfirstinclusionofLULUCFwithinEDGAR,thisyearweredrawourparameterstablesreconsideringseveralvalues(e.g.forborealforests)andselectingmoremid-rangevalues.TheresultsforForestLandwereevaluatedincomparisonwiththeavailableofficialcountryGHGreports,generallyproducedusingmoreadvancedTiers,asitisthecaseofAnnexIcountries.Whenpossible,wecomparedboththeresultsintermsofemissionsandremovals,aswellastheareas.Whileformostdevelopedareas(e.g.EU,USA)thematchisfairlygoodforatleastpartofthetimeseries,thedifferencesobservedforsomeothercountries(e.g.Canada,Russia,severalAfricanandsouth-Asiancountries)deservefurtheranalyses,eitherontheparameters’selectionaswellasontheassumptionsmadeandmethodsusedbythespecificcountries.Infact,withintheirinventoriescountriescanmakespecificchoicesbasedonlocalcharacteristicsandlocalexpertisethatcannotbeextrapolatedinadatasetlikeoursandappliedatthegloballevel.Also,severalcountriesadoptstock-differencemethodsverydifferentfromourgain/lossapproach,andinfactwenoticethebiggestdiscrepanciesbetweenourresultsandcountrydatawherestockdifferenceapproachesareimplemented.TheTier1estimatespresentedhereareaimedtoprovideaglobally-consistentoverviewforLULUCFusingIPCCofficialdefaultmethodologies.Theseestimatescanprovideusefulinformationonareasforwhichnoorlittleofficialestimationsareavailable(e.g.severalAfricancountries).ItishoweverimportanttohighlightthattheEDGARLULUCFestimatesareexpresslynotaimedatchallengingnorverifyingtheestimatesproducedbyindividualcountries,generallymadeusinglocallyavailabledataandparametersatTier2,oradvancedTier3modellingapproaches.Bydefinition,eachcountryshouldusethebestlocallyavailabledataandexpertisetoproduceitsinventories,whileweareonpurposeadoptingaglobalTier1approach.Onthecontrary,weusethebestdataandparametersavailableattheglobalscale,inevitablylesspreciseandreliable.Todate,thedatabaseprovidesgeoreferencedinformationonthefollowingitems:1.LandUseAreasubdividedbya.Treetype:Broadleaf,Needleleafb.AgeClass:<=20years,>20yearsc.System:Planted,Naturallygrowing2.CGAINS(Removalsfromtheatmosphere)subdividedastheLanduseareasabove3.CLOSSES(Emissionsintheatmosphere)subdividedbya.Planttype:Broadleaf,Needleleafb.Harvesttype:Fuelwood,Industrialroundwood.27Annex3.MethodologyfortheestimationofemissionsfromlargescalebiomassburningEstimatesofatmosphericemissionsduetobiomassburninghaveconventionallybeenderivedadopting‘bottomup’inventory-basedmethods(Seiler&Crutzen,1980).TheIPCCAFOLUguidelinesthusestimatetheemissionsas:L=A×Mb×Cf×Gef[Equation1]where:L[g]isthequantityofemittedgasorparticulateA[m2]istheareaaffectedbyfireMb[gm-2]isthefuelloadingperunitareaCf[gg-1]isthecombustionfactori.e.theproportionofbiomassconsumedasaresultoffireGef[gg-1]istheemissionfactororemissionratio,i.e.theamountofgasreleasedforeachgaseousspecieperunitofbiomassloadconsumedbythefire.AsthemethodologydevelopedisbasedontheIPCCTier1approachforGreenhouseGasInventories(GHGI),asoutlinedintheIPCCGuidelines(IPCC,2006and2019Refinement),theparametersofequation1aretypicallynotavailableforeachpixel,butreferencevaluesareusedinstead,forinstancethosegivenintables2.4,2.5and2.6oftheIPCCguidelines.Thosereferencevaluesarestratifiedbylandcoverclass,anditisconvenienttorewriteequation1as:Llc=AlcxMblc×Cflc×Geflc[Equation2]where:Llc[g]isthequantityofemittedgasorparticulateforlandcoverclasslcAlc[m2]isthetotalareaburnedinlandcoverclasslcMblc,CflcandGeflcarethefuelload,thecombustionfactorandtheemissionfactorderivedfromtheIPCCtablesforlandcoverclasslc.ThetotalemissionoverthewholeareaofinterestisthesummationofLlcforallthelandcoverareas:L=∑Llc[Equation3]TheIPCC2006AFOLUguidelinescontaintablesforbiomassconsumedasafunctionofthelandcover,butthevegetationtypesusedarenotimmediatelycompatiblewiththelegendofanyofthecurrentlandcoverproducts.Tothisend,aprocedurewasdevelopedtocombinedataonareaburned,landcover,JRCclimaticcharacterizationandsoilclassificationmap,asdescribedinthefollowing.•AreaburnedTheareaburnedusedisderivedfromtheGlobFireDatabasedevelopedundertheumbrellaoftheGlobalWildfireInformationSystem(GWIS)(Artésetal.,2019).ThisburnedareaproductisderivedfromthemostrecentCollection6ModerateResolutionImagingSpectroradiometer(MODIS)burnedareaproduct(MCD64A1),whichmapstheextentoffireat500mresolutionandtheapproximatedayofburning(Giglioetal.,2018).•LandcoverTheAnnualInternationalGeosphere-BiosphereProgramme(IGBP)classificationlegendoftheglobalMODISlandcoverproductMCD12A1(Friedl&Sulla-Menashe,2019)wasused.TheMCD12A1globallandproductispartofthestandardMODISsuite,andhasbeenproducedatannualintervalssincethebeginningofthemission.ThecurrentCollection6versionhasaspatialresolutionof500m,anditisdistributedinthesamesinusoidaltiledgeometryastheMCD64A1product,allowingforthecomputationofstratifiedtotalareaburnedAlcinequation2withouttheneedforresamplingorreprojection.Foreachpixel,theMCD12A1productprovidesaclasslabelassignedfollowingdifferentlegendstocovertheneedsofmultipleusercommunities.TheIPCClegend(LC_Type1)wasusedinthepresentapplication.28•JRCclimaticcharacterizationandsoilclassificationmapTheClimaticZoneandSoilTyperastermapswerecreatedbytheJointResearchCenterinsupportoftheEuropeanCommissionguidelinesforthecalculationoflandcarbonstocksforthepurposeofAnnexVtoDirective2009/28/EC.TheClimaticZonelayerisdefinedbasedontheclassificationofIPCC(IPCC,2006).SoiltypesareclassifiedaccordingtotheWorldReferenceBase(WRB).TherasterdatalayerswereresampledandreprojectedtotheMODISsinusoidalprojection,andtiledintotheMODISgeometry,toensureinteroperabilitywiththeMODISMCD64A1andMCD12A1products.Theresultofthemergedapproachisa500mlandcovermap,whichusesasetofvegetationclassescompatiblewiththeIPCCtables.Theprocedureisfullyautomatic,andisrepeatedforeveryyearfrom2000to2019,toensurethatthestatisticsaregeneratedusingthemostappropriatelandcoverinformationfortheyear.Fortheperiodbetween1982to2000,whereMODISburnedareadatawerenotavailable,imagesfromtheAdvancedVeryHighResolutionRadiometerLongTermDataRecordburnedareaproduct(AVHRR-LTDR)wereused.Thefinalburnedareaproduct(designatedasFireCCILT10)(Otónetal.,2021)estimatedBAinaspatialresolutionof0.05◦fortheperiodbetween1982and2017(excluding1994,duetoinputdatagaps).Thisproductisthelongestglobalburnedareaproductcurrentlyavailable,extendingalmost20yearsbackfromtheexistingNASA(MODIS)andEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)burnedareaproducts.DespiteFireCCILT10andMCD64A1arebasedondifferentsensorsandmethodologies,Otónetal.(2021)reportedhighcorrelationvalues(r2>0.9)betweenburnedareaestimationsfrombothwithbetteragreementintropicalregionsratherthanborealregions.Spatialtrendswerefoundtobesimilartoexistingglobalburnedareaproducts,buttemporaltrendsshowedunstableannualvariations,mostlikelylinkedtothechangesintheAVHRRsensorandorbitaldecaysoftheNOAAsatellites.ThemethodologyappliedforthisperiodwassimilartotheonedevelopedfortheMODISperiod(2000-2019),includingtheresamplingandreprojectiontotheMODISsinusoidalprojection,andtiledintotheMODISgeometry,toensureinteroperabilitywiththeMCD12A1products.29Annex4.Constructionofcountryfact-sheetsForeachcountry,afactsheetisprovidedwiththetimeseriesoffossilCO2emissionsfromallanthropogenicactivitiesexceptlanduse,land-usechange,forestryandlargescalebiomassburning.TheupperpanelofthefactsheetincludesthefossilCO2annualtotalsfrom1990until2021persector,thefossilCO2percapitaandperGDPPPP(constant2017international$,USD).Anoverviewtablewithtotalemissionsbycountryfortheyears1990,2005,2020,and2021isalsoreported,togetherwithpercapita,perGDPPPPemissions,andpopulationdata.AlongwiththesummaryofthefossilCO2emissiontimeseriesforeachcountry,agraphicalvisualisationaidstheinterpretationoftheemissionchangesovertimeatthebottomofeachpage.ThegraphscomparefossilCO2emissionsfor2021withtheemissionlevelsofthepreviousyearandoftwokeyyears:1990(baseyearfornationalgreenhousegasesinventory)and2005,whentheKyotoProtocolcameintoeffect.Emissionsstalling,risingordampeningfortheyear2021areexpressedintermsof%changewithrespecttothesetwoyears,forsectorsspecifiedasfollow:An“n/a”isusedtoindicateeitherasectormissingthroughoutthetimeseries(meaningthatnodataarereportedforthatsector)orthatnodataareavailableforboththereferenceyearandfor2021.Finally,intheinstanceswhenemissionsfromaspecificsectorhavebeenreportedforthereferenceyear,butnotfor2021adecreasinggreenarrowisshownwithouttheassociatedpercentagevalue(asforexample[Powerindustry,Albania];ontheopposite,whenemissionsfromaspecificsectorhavebeenreportedforthe2021year,butnotforthereferenceyear,arisingredarrowisshownwithouttheassociatedpercentagevalue(asforexample[Otherindustrialcombustion,Malta]).Whencomputingtheemissiontrendforthesumofallsectors,novalueisreportedinthecaseofincompletestatisticsfortheyear1990(asforexampleGreenland).Country-specificfossilCO2emissiontimeseriescanbedownloadedatthefollowingwebsite:https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2022.2430Annex5.FossilCO2emissionsfortheworld,internationaltransportandtheEU27Globaltotalsforallcountries,includinginternationalshippingandaviation,followedbytheinternationaltransportsector(shippingandaviation).TotalEU27emissionsfromMemberStates:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,Czechia,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Poland,Portugal,Romania,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden.31WORLDFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectorsCO2/capCO2/GDP4000065300004MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20000321000010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202137857.5764.8110.2827.869G202035960.6744.6180.2837.787G200530161.5754.6140.3676.537G199022717.7324.2640.4385.328GPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+87%+30%+6%+28%+6%Otherindustrial+65%+4%+5%combustion+18%+7%+44%+1%Buildings+2%+5%Transport+66%Othersectors+101%Allsectors+67%+26%32InternationalShippingFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800600MtCO2400200019901992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021699.722n/an/an/a2020667.037n/an/an/a2005571.636n/an/an/a1990370.994n/an/an/aPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industryn/an/an/an/an/aOtherindustrialn/an/an/acombustion+22%+5%Buildingsn/an/an/aTransport+89%+5%Othersectorsn/aAllsectors+89%+22%33InternationalAviationFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800600MtCO2400200019901992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021390.166n/an/an/a2020338.144n/an/an/a2005418.839n/an/an/a1990258.994n/an/an/aPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industryn/an/an/an/an/aOtherindustrialn/an/an/acombustion-7%+15%Buildingsn/an/an/aTransport+51%+15%Othersectorsn/aAllsectors+51%-7%34EU27FossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4000CO2/capCO2/GDP108300062000410002MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212774.9276.2540.141443.676M20202605.1195.8730.140443.611M20053698.9428.5000.227435.163M19903819.2359.0890.315420.198MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-39%-37%+9%-24%+7%Otherindustrial-41%-25%+5%combustion-10%+6%-15%+3%Buildings-32%+7%Transport+16%Othersectors-23%Allsectors-27%-25%35Annex6:FossilCO2emissionsbycountryThefollowingcountriesarepresented:Afghanistan;Albania;Algeria;Angola;Anguilla;AntiguaandBarbuda;Argentina;Armenia;Aruba;Australia;Austria;Azerbaijan;Bahamas;Bahrain;Bangladesh;Barbados;Belarus;Belgium;Belize;Benin;Bermuda;Bhutan;Bolivia;BosniaandHerzegovina;Botswana;Brazil;BritishVirginIslands;Brunei;Bulgaria;BurkinaFaso;Burundi;CaboVerde;Cambodia;Cameroon;Canada;CaymanIslands;CentralAfricanRepublic;Chad;Chile;China;Colombia;Comoros;Congo;CookIslands;CostaRica;Côted’Ivoire;Croatia;Cuba;Curaçao;Cyprus;Czechia;DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo;Denmark;Djibouti;Dominica;DominicanRepublic;Ecuador;Egypt;ElSalvador;EquatorialGuinea;Eritrea;Estonia;Eswatini;Ethiopia;FalklandIslands;Faroes;Fiji;Finland;FranceandMonaco;FrenchGuiana;FrenchPolynesia;Gabon;Georgia;Germany;Ghana;Gibraltar;Greece;Greenland;Grenada;Guadeloupe;Guatemala;Guinea;Guinea-Bissau;Guyana;Haiti;Honduras;HongKong;Hungary;Iceland;India;Indonesia;Iran;Iraq;Ireland;IsraelandPalestine,Stateof;Italy,SanMarinoandtheHolySee;Jamaica;Japan;Jordan;Kazakhstan;Kenya;Kiribati;Kuwait;Kyrgyzstan;Laos;Latvia;Lebanon;Lesotho;Liberia;Libya;Lithuania;Luxembourg;Macao;Madagascar;Malawi;Malaysia;Maldives;Mali;Malta;Martinique;Mauritania;Mauritius;Mexico;Moldova;Mongolia;Morocco;Mozambique;Myanmar/Burma;Namibia;Nepal;Netherlands;NewCaledonia;NewZealand;Nicaragua;Niger;Nigeria;NorthKorea;NorthMacedonia;Norway;Oman;Pakistan;Palau;Panama;PapuaNewGuinea;Paraguay;Peru;Philippines;Poland;Portugal;PuertoRico;Qatar;Réunion;Romania;Russia;Rwanda;SaintHelena,AscensionandTristandaCunha;SaintKittsandNevis;SaintLucia;SaintPierreandMiquelon;SaintVincentandtheGrenadines;Samoa;SãoToméandPríncipe;SaudiArabia;Senegal;SerbiaandMontenegro;Seychelles;SierraLeone;Singapore;Slovakia;Slovenia;SolomonIslands;Somalia;SouthAfrica;SouthKorea;SpainandAndorra;SriLanka;SudanandSouthSudan;Suriname;Sweden;SwitzerlandandLiechtenstein;Syria;Taiwan;Tajikistan;Tanzania;Thailand;TheGambia;Timor-Leste;Togo;Tonga;TrinidadandTobago;Tunisia;Turkey;Turkmenistan;TurksandCaicosIslands;Uganda;Ukraine;UnitedArabEmirates;UnitedKingdom;UnitedStates;Uruguay;Uzbekistan;Vanuatu;Venezuela;Vietnam;WesternSahara;Yemen;Zambia;Zimbabwe.36AfghanistanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP0.5100.480.360.240.12MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.3480.2150.10938.914M20208.1840.2150.10738.055M20051.3160.0520.04025.071M19902.9100.2380.09512.249MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+321%+416%+2%+1%Otherindustrial+972%+1289%+4%combustion+371%+3%+459%+1%Buildings-78%+61%+2%Transport+206%Othersectors+23%Allsectors+187%+534%37AlbaniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP2.5261.54120.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214.5911.5590.1122.944M20204.7071.6000.1252.942M20054.2131.3680.1743.079M19906.6532.0270.4193.281M2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020n/aPower+40%Industry0%-19%+1%Otherindustrial-64%-15%+2%combustion+171%+4%Buildings-66%-2%Transport+184%Othersectors+4%Allsectors-31%+9%38AlgeriaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP5415031002501MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021173.0013.9350.35443.969M2020168.9503.8990.35943.333M200598.6092.9620.28333.288M199068.0042.6240.30225.912MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+292%+94%+5%+22%+5%Otherindustrial+32%+5%combustion+161%+4%+75%-6%Buildings+394%+59%+2%Transport+167%Othersectors+99%Allsectors+154%+75%39AngolaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP301200.5100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202124.4500.7210.12033.894M202023.0560.7020.11432.827M200515.9760.8170.13319.552M199011.2980.9280.16612.171MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1508%+511%+9%+55%Otherindustrial+53%+259%+13%combustion+213%+7%-44%+7%Buildings+430%-2%Transport+663%+6%Othersectors-25%Allsectors+116%+53%40AnguillaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.03CO2/capCO2/GDP20.0251.50.02MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.01510.010.50.0050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.0251.6940.12015.000k20200.0231.4910.10815.283k20050.0141.0810.03112.638k19900.0060.7340.0258.334kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+148%+34%+15%-7%+11%Otherindustrial+44%-25%+12%combustion+11%+111%+1%Buildings-35%-100%+12%Transport+372%Othersectors+84%Allsectors+316%+86%41AntiguaandBarbudaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP1210MtCO218tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP60.5420199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.7787.3380.436106.000k20200.6996.6480.413105.110k20050.7127.9810.44489.253k19900.4286.4150.44366.696kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+109%-16%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+268%+129%+11%combustion+32%+11%+44%0%Buildings-42%+45%+11%Transport+286%Othersectors+90%Allsectors+82%+9%42ArgentinaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP5415031002501MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021189.0024.1160.19245.914M2020171.8633.7760.19245.510M2005158.6854.0540.21039.145M1990100.6653.0760.21832.730MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+126%+16%+11%+15%+11%Otherindustrial+61%+14%+8%combustion+28%+13%+24%+3%Buildings+72%+10%Transport+71%Othersectors+191%Allsectors+88%+19%43ArmeniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP82061541025MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20216.7702.3030.1712.940M20206.3772.1700.1712.939M20054.5471.5250.2062.981M199020.7015.8511.1303.538MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-75%+59%+6%-64%+6%Otherindustrial-87%+93%+6%combustion+7%+216%+4%Buildings-68%+3%+6%Transport-28%Othersectors-50%Allsectors-67%+49%44ArubaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO21.515tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.27411.9080.346107.000k20201.14410.7510.363106.438k20051.36913.6850.370100.031k19900.5258.4450.25962.149kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+179%-20%+11%+67%+11%Otherindustrial+390%-3%+11%combustion+5%+11%+34%0%Buildings-23%+11%Transport+415%Othersectors+150%Allsectors+143%-7%45AustraliaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors500CO2/capCO2/GDP2040015300102005100MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021367.90714.3150.29025.701M2020376.77914.8350.30125.398M2005386.38719.0910.44920.239M1990278.21016.3260.52617.041MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+30%-17%-4%+8%-4%Otherindustrial+26%+6%-4%combustion+7%+2%+22%+1%Buildings+57%-2%Transport+37%Othersectors+38%Allsectors+32%-5%46AustriaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP10808MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6064042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202166.0087.5000.1378.801M202063.3217.2100.1378.782M200581.1799.8350.2008.254M199062.7198.1200.2187.724MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-12%-31%+6%-13%+5%Otherindustrial+5%-39%+4%combustion-9%+3%+4%+5%Buildings-39%+4%Transport+64%Othersectors+8%Allsectors+5%-19%47AzerbaijanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors60CO2/capCO2/GDP850640MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP304202100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202137.1053.6450.25410.179M202035.9833.5630.26010.100M200530.4933.5710.5118.539M199054.6447.5451.0007.243MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-33%-4%+3%+2%+3%Otherindustrial-76%+3%combustion+46%+4%+78%+2%Buildings+5%+53%+3%Transport+21%Othersectors+95%Allsectors-32%+22%48BahamasFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors5CO2/capCO2/GDP121048362412MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214.0439.8600.328410.000k20203.6308.9230.335406.839k20052.8308.5950.216329.249k19902.83011.0400.290256.336kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+64%+31%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+187%+137%+11%combustion+39%+11%+50%+2%Buildings-55%+41%+11%Transport+203%Othersectors+62%Allsectors+43%+43%49BahrainFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP30253020MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP2015101050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202137.49521.4990.5191.744M202036.46921.4810.5161.698M200523.36326.2760.553889.168k199011.98724.1700.626495.931kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+256%+60%+5%+5%Otherindustrial+106%+102%+4%combustion-1%+4%-9%Buildings+86%+39%+43%+3%Transport+247%Othersectors+206%Allsectors+213%+60%50BangladeshFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors120CO2/capCO2/GDP0.81000.680MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP600.4400.2200199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021106.8670.6230.107171.500M2020104.1430.6130.111169.775M200539.9420.2780.106143.431M199014.4080.1360.078106.189MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+822%+171%+5%+421%-6%Otherindustrial+924%+81%+7%combustion+140%+106%+12%Buildings+349%+1%Transport+629%+3%Othersectors+451%Allsectors+642%+168%51BarbadosFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP10MtCO228tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1.56140.520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.7656.1300.455288.000k20201.5915.5340.416287.568k20051.7996.5670.413274.009k19901.3685.2540.375260.374kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+54%-14%+11%+83%+11%Otherindustrial+157%+7%+11%combustion+16%+11%-43%+2%Buildings-58%+11%Transport+193%Othersectors-23%Allsectors+29%-2%52BelarusFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors120CO2/capCO2/GDP1210010MtCO2808tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6064042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202158.3646.2110.3169.397M202057.0896.0630.3179.415M200561.2966.3710.5319.622M1990108.99110.6681.20310.217MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-50%-14%+7%-7%-3%Otherindustrial-51%-12%+1%combustion+40%-4%-1%+1%Buildings-65%+2%Transport-5%Othersectors-32%Allsectors-46%-5%53BelgiumFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors150CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO210010tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP5050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202195.9248.2200.16011.669M202090.7147.8070.16111.620M2005119.34411.3160.24610.547M1990116.63411.6560.33010.006MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-41%-39%+1%-7%+4%Otherindustrial-31%-26%+5%combustion-6%-16%+13%Buildings-13%+3%Transport+21%+6%Othersectors-4%Allsectors-18%-20%54BelizeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/capCO2/GDP32.50.820.61.50.410.20.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.6351.5680.249405.000k20200.5581.4030.240398.007k20050.6422.2660.310283.277k19900.3281.7460.366187.552kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+122%-27%+13%+13%Otherindustrial+291%+115%+13%combustion+24%+13%+35%Buildings-39%+99%+119%Transport+309%+14%Othersectors+179%Allsectors+94%-1%55BeninFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP0.880.660.440.22MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.6290.6930.20112.450M20208.0270.6620.19912.123M20052.8390.3560.1387.982M19900.4150.0830.0384.979MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1081%+292%+8%+285%Otherindustrial+1597%-53%+12%combustion+309%+8%+561%+8%Buildings+1148%+2%Transport+3717%+8%Othersectors+569%Allsectors+1978%+204%56BermudaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP151100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.82013.6620.16660.000k20200.73612.1440.15160.639k20050.75611.6040.12965.130k19900.66010.8330.16960.930kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+43%-16%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+151%+123%+11%combustion+29%+11%+40%0%Buildings-61%+34%+11%Transport+163%Othersectors+40%Allsectors+24%+8%57BhutanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2CO2/capCO2/GDP2.521.51.5110.50.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.9762.3410.252844.000k20201.7762.1260.218835.245k20050.5520.8400.156656.639k19900.1830.3400.120537.280kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1099%+68%+3%+2%Otherindustrial+575%+118%+4%combustion+261%+4%+340%Buildings+65%+542%+20%Transport+1313%+11%Othersectors+1448%Allsectors+981%+258%58BoliviaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP2.5202MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP151.510150.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202122.4281.9160.23111.708M202020.2531.7540.22111.544M200510.0661.1030.1909.125M19906.5930.9620.2096.856MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+321%+103%+16%+93%+16%Otherindustrial+170%+14%+10%combustion+219%+10%+97%0%Buildings+243%+11%Transport+387%Othersectors+33%Allsectors+240%+123%59BosniaandHerzegovinaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP825620MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP15410250199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202115.3704.4020.3013.492M202022.5546.4470.4733.498M200516.9264.4760.4813.782M199024.6765.5293.0034.463MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-32%-30%-47%+35%-35%Otherindustrial-71%-69%-23%combustion+60%+2%+97%+11%Buildings-89%-32%Transport+69%Othersectors+197%Allsectors-38%-9%60BotswanaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO263tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP42210199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.0002.8490.1822.457M20206.7052.7760.1942.416M20054.4752.4110.2141.856M19902.8282.0520.2611.378MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+153%+130%+5%-33%+4%Otherindustrial+23%-36%+3%combustion+52%+3%-32%+1%Buildings-12%+4%Transport+251%Othersectors+560%Allsectors+148%+56%61BrazilFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors600CO2/capCO2/GDP35002.5MtCO24002tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3001.520011000.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021489.8582.2750.157215.278M2020441.3692.0640.148213.863M2005385.3212.0610.165186.917M1990228.6031.5310.146149.352MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+467%+109%+23%+11%+16%Otherindustrial+92%+14%+6%combustion+37%+7%0%+5%Buildings+42%+11%Transport+128%Othersectors+63%Allsectors+114%+27%62BritishVirginIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.5CO2/capCO2/GDP200.4150.3100.250.1MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.1825.5250.16833.000k20200.1645.0220.15632.634k20050.29612.7960.28623.168k19900.0492.9490.24216.461kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+337%-64%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+697%+155%+11%combustion+39%+11%+54%-1%Buildings+19%+56%+11%Transport+707%Othersectors+147%Allsectors+276%-38%63BruneiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP25820MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP615410250199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.20816.0530.269449.000k20207.20116.2000.265444.519k20055.17514.1730.203365.158k19903.34312.9180.181258.785kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+208%+28%-4%+49%-3%Otherindustrial+13%+87%0%combustion+47%+4%+64%Buildings+109%+29%Transport+153%0%Othersectors+599%Allsectors+116%+39%64BulgariaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP108606404202MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202143.6446.3330.2706.892M202037.7955.4460.2446.941M200551.9676.7630.4597.684M199079.1388.9510.7268.841MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-50%-18%+24%-37%+11%Otherindustrial-54%-32%+14%combustion+16%+6%-12%+6%Buildings-81%+15%Transport+40%Othersectors-36%Allsectors-45%-16%65BurkinaFasoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP0.2550.240.1530.120.051MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.2900.2460.11021.497M20204.9500.2370.11020.903M20051.2670.0940.06213.422M19900.4130.0470.0468.811MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1066%+254%+8%+539%+8%Otherindustrial+2340%+184%+8%combustion+236%+8%+2%Buildings+657%+1118%+7%Transport+1012%Othersectors+2034%Allsectors+1182%+318%66BurundiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP0.10.080.60.060.40.040.20.02MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.7100.0580.08012.306M20200.6670.0560.07711.939M20050.2060.0280.0357.423M19900.2450.0450.0385.415MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+173%+235%+7%+493%+7%Otherindustrial+464%+165%+7%combustion+214%+7%+274%+5%Buildings+76%+6%Transport+157%Othersectors+386%Allsectors+190%+244%67CaboVerdeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/capCO2/GDP20.81.50.610.40.50.2MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.9151.5950.255574.000k20200.8471.4940.252567.348k20050.6631.3960.288474.567k19900.0650.1900.110341.883kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1329%+35%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+2854%+142%+8%combustion+8%+8%0%Buildings+822%+28%+51%+8%Transport+1251%Othersectors+213%Allsectors+1311%+38%68CambodiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors20CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP151100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202116.9551.0010.23516.944M202016.4820.9860.23516.716M20052.7010.2040.09613.270M19900.4240.0470.0308.973MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+3610%+543%+2%+770%+3%Otherindustrial+5547%+506%+4%combustion+293%+4%+3%Buildings+1240%+7852%+3%Transport+4375%Othersectors+14774%Allsectors+3899%+528%69CameroonFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP0.5100.480.360.240.12MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202110.2030.3830.10126.613M20209.8060.3780.10125.958M20055.5410.3180.09917.421M19904.8110.4110.12111.715MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+7244%+1483%+13%+54%+7%Otherindustrial+66%+34%+7%combustion+50%+7%+35%-5%Buildings-5%+4%Transport+80%Othersectors+62%Allsectors+112%+84%70CanadaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO260015tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4001020050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021563.53814.8600.30837.924M2020548.45514.5850.31337.603M2005577.99817.9010.42632.288M1990443.25616.0060.49427.693MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-22%-40%-1%+22%+3%Otherindustrial+62%+9%+4%combustion-3%+3%-4%+4%Buildings+36%+3%Transport+33%Othersectors+11%Allsectors+27%-3%71CaymanIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/capCO2/GDP200.8150.6100.450.2MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.86113.2410.18465.000k20200.77312.0970.17163.890k20050.63413.0290.17248.622k19900.30112.0330.13225.010kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+229%+1%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+479%+197%+11%combustion+71%+11%+87%+3%Buildings-10%+105%+11%Transport+507%Othersectors+245%Allsectors+186%+36%72CentralAfricanRepublicFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.4CO2/capCO2/GDP0.10.080.30.060.20.040.10.02MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2760.0550.0605.023M20200.2580.0520.0574.921M20050.2850.0690.0694.128M19900.1980.0670.0592.940MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+42%-4%+8%+7%Otherindustrial+185%+67%+7%combustion-25%+7%-12%+1%Buildings-11%+9%+7%Transport+30%Othersectors+42%Allsectors+39%-3%73ChadFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.1520.11.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10.050.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.2140.1320.09016.766M20202.0400.1250.08216.285M20050.5060.0500.03110.067M19900.2900.0490.0495.957MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+529%+497%+7%+971%+7%Otherindustrial+1210%+376%+7%combustion+466%+7%+148%Buildings+307%+12%Transport+498%+9%Othersectors+1619%Allsectors+663%+338%74ChileFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP65804603402201MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202185.7034.6060.17318.605M202083.4954.5200.18818.473M200558.8813.6470.19816.147M199033.0172.4930.25513.242MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+290%+93%+1%+7%+3%Otherindustrial+80%+68%+4%combustion+43%+5%-20%+1%Buildings+122%+3%Transport+193%Othersectors-1%Allsectors+160%+46%75ChinaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectorsCO2/capCO2/GDP15000108100006MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4500020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202112466.3168.7270.5011.428G202011948.1208.3870.5201.425G20056338.4384.7960.9111.322G19902425.6442.0691.5011.172GPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+767%+133%+5%+58%+6%Otherindustrial+303%+29%+7%combustion+140%+6%+109%-1%Buildings+28%+4%Transport+915%Othersectors+479%Allsectors+414%+97%76ColombiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP2801.5601400.520MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202177.5701.5340.10350.576M202073.0351.4540.10750.220M200560.1201.3890.14043.286M199052.4111.5290.19134.272MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+61%+85%-10%-21%-7%Otherindustrial-3%+52%+7%combustion+61%+24%+12%+3%Buildings+75%+6%Transport+95%Othersectors+23%Allsectors+48%+29%77ComorosFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.3CO2/capCO2/GDP0.4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.30.20.20.10.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2780.3130.105888.000k20200.2610.3000.100869.601k20050.1490.2430.086611.627k19900.0480.1160.038411.594kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+507%+88%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+1121%+226%+7%combustion+46%+7%+73%+3%Buildings+284%+43%+7%Transport+460%Othersectors+121%Allsectors+485%+87%78CongoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6140.520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.3711.2630.3965.834M20207.4551.3110.3865.687M20054.3591.1720.2603.718M19902.4030.9850.2012.440MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+79140%+5552%+15%+417%+7%Otherindustrial+141%+43%+7%combustion+78%+7%-5%-14%Buildings+7%-1%Transport+150%Othersectors+90%Allsectors+207%+69%79CookIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.12CO2/cap80.160.08MtCO2tCO2/cap0.0640.0420.020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.1096.413n/a17.000k20200.1056.003n/a17.515k20050.0834.223n/a19.710k19900.0402.187n/a18.356kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+125%-18%+4%+13%+4%Otherindustrial+659%+61%+4%combustion+97%+4%-9%-4%Buildings-36%+4%Transport+330%Othersectors+100%Allsectors+172%+31%80CostaRicaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP281.56140.52MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.0911.5900.0745.088M20207.2531.4380.0715.044M20056.3471.4940.1054.248M19902.9300.9460.0953.096MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-9%-73%+13%-15%+13%Otherindustrial+10%+21%+13%combustion+50%+13%+11%+3%Buildings+238%+12%Transport+256%Othersectors+206%Allsectors+176%+27%81Côted’IvoireFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP0.6MtCO2100.4tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP50.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202114.5440.5420.09926.828M202013.6430.5210.10026.172M20056.5510.3570.10218.336M19903.0300.2470.05912.268MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+884%+55%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+216%+101%+8%combustion+35%+8%+1%Buildings+174%+268%+269%+7%Transport+278%Othersectors+739%Allsectors+380%+122%82CroatiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP6255MtCO2204tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP153102510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202117.9994.3970.1494.093M202017.1884.1760.1574.116M200523.6395.4000.2314.378M199025.1635.2680.2954.776MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-34%-43%+6%-40%+4%Otherindustrial-63%-32%+1%combustion+12%+9%-16%-1%Buildings-27%+5%Transport+71%Othersectors-35%Allsectors-28%-24%83CubaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO2303tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP2021010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202124.6062.1400.07511.499M202021.8241.8980.06711.495M200526.1882.3210.17311.284M199038.5423.6420.38710.582MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+9%-1%+13%-3%+13%Otherindustrial-47%+12%combustion-19%+11%-16%+8%Buildings-44%-18%+13%Transport-68%Othersectors-79%Allsectors-36%-6%84CuraçaoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP5040630420210MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.03512.4110.670164.000k20201.83111.2000.603163.495k20056.03246.6181.561129.394k19902.67018.2020.940146.671kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-13%-41%+11%-89%+11%Otherindustrial-63%-30%+11%combustion-32%+11%-28%0%Buildings-38%+11%Transport+11%Othersectors+690%Allsectors-24%-66%85CyprusFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP88664422MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20216.7505.5510.1841.216M20206.4325.3280.1851.207M20057.8527.6410.2821.028M19904.4705.8300.305766.614kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+69%-19%+3%-35%Otherindustrial-26%-12%+28%combustion-12%+3%+30%+3%Buildings+165%+2%Transport+53%+5%Othersectors+76%Allsectors+51%-14%86CzechiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO215015tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP100105050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202197.6919.1870.22910.634M202092.3788.6870.22410.633M2005127.03512.3840.40910.258M1990162.94415.7570.66910.341MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-31%-31%+4%-33%+6%Otherindustrial-69%-11%+7%combustion+5%-8%+10%Buildings-59%+4%Transport+160%+6%Othersectors-38%Allsectors-40%-23%87DemocraticRepublicoftheCongoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP0.150.0840.0630.0420.021MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20213.3690.0360.03392.336M20203.2230.0360.03389.505M20052.5890.0470.06154.752M19903.4420.0990.05534.615MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-82%-27%+7%-87%+7%Otherindustrial-98%+7%combustion-100%+7%+93%0%Buildings-100%-8%+5%Transport+277%Othersectors+167%Allsectors-2%+30%88DenmarkFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6010405200199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202127.2804.6880.0805.819M202025.9634.4790.0805.797M200551.3929.4790.1845.422M199053.53410.4130.2675.141MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-72%-67%+19%-38%+3%Otherindustrial-31%-48%0%combustion-24%0%-23%+1%Buildings-62%+5%Transport-2%Othersectors-12%Allsectors-49%-47%89DjiboutiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP2.5211.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10.50.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.6090.6000.1131.014M20200.5740.5740.111999.899k20050.8221.0490.273783.254k19901.1731.9870.580590.398kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-55%-37%+7%+12%+7%Otherindustrial-7%-50%+7%combustion-41%+7%+2%Buildings-71%+3327%+6%Transport-58%Othersectors+2189%Allsectors-48%-26%90DominicaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.5CO2/capCO2/GDP650.440.330.220.11MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.1942.5560.24776.000k20200.1752.3310.23775.052k20050.3294.6580.46070.627k19900.0570.8030.10470.926kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+295%-63%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+618%+144%+11%combustion+34%+11%+48%0%Buildings+8%-78%+11%Transport+628%Othersectors+240%Allsectors+241%-41%91DominicanRepublicFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP3252.5MtCO2202tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP151.510150.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202127.7272.4720.13411.218M202025.0412.2540.13611.108M200518.8282.0380.2019.238M19908.0441.1200.1827.184MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+288%+50%+12%+89%+11%Otherindustrial+370%+26%+11%combustion+22%+12%+97%+2%Buildings+66%+11%Transport+204%Othersectors+293%Allsectors+245%+47%92EcuadorFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP32.5402301.5201100.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202141.1412.3420.21717.568M202034.0331.9630.18717.336M200528.2882.0600.21513.735M199017.5871.7210.20710.218MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+289%+3%+19%-17%+23%Otherindustrial+31%+24%combustion+47%+24%+94%+10%Buildings+394%+39%+21%Transport+146%Othersectors+46%Allsectors+134%+45%93EgyptFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors300CO2/capCO2/GDP32502.5MtCO22002tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1501.51001500.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021259.3212.4770.205104.692M2020243.2892.3630.199102.941M2005177.6202.3130.28076.778M199091.0531.5860.26657.412MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+347%+92%+7%+13%Otherindustrial+70%+8%+12%combustion+62%+8%+23%+9%Buildings+94%-2%Transport+210%+7%Othersectors+204%Allsectors+185%+46%94ElSalvadorFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5816MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40.520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.1761.2550.1436.513M20207.3661.1370.1426.479M20057.0721.1730.1696.029M19902.6440.5030.0955.255MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+634%-26%+13%+14%+13%Otherindustrial+189%+72%+13%combustion+16%+13%+66%+1%Buildings+415%+11%Transport+180%Othersectors+117%Allsectors+209%+16%95EquatorialGuineaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP1510MtCO2810tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP64520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.0044.8230.2931.452M20206.6614.7360.2761.406M20059.15012.0820.377757.317k19900.0660.1540.151426.846kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+4210%+550%+15%-19%+15%Otherindustrial+61699%+55%+7%combustion-31%+7%-55%-19%Buildings+951%+5%Transport+2730%Othersectors+62503%Allsectors+10551%-23%96EritreaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/capCO2/GDP0.30.80.20.6MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.40.10.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.8350.1500.0545.555M20200.7870.1450.0525.432M20050.6090.1540.0783.969M19900.3250.1040.0833.113MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+287%+35%+7%-28%+7%Otherindustrial-66%-21%+7%combustion+32%+7%+2%Buildings+1565%+338%+6%Transport+83%Othersectors+449%Allsectors+157%+37%97EstoniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP252030152010105MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202114.90611.4920.2931.297M202013.86110.6580.2961.301M200519.65914.5020.5561.356M199037.47923.9451.4211.565MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-79%-56%+16%-22%+12%Otherindustrial-80%+4%+8%combustion+23%+4%+74%0%Buildings-58%+8%Transport+12%Othersectors+122%Allsectors-60%-24%98EswatiniFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO233tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP22110199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.5091.0310.1441.463M20201.4471.0060.1481.439M20052.9962.7090.4441.106M19901.3681.5880.326861.373kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-23%-84%+3%-37%+5%Otherindustrial-5%-33%+4%combustion+4%+3%-9%+1%Buildings+38%+4%Transport+127%Othersectors-6%Allsectors+10%-50%99EthiopiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors20CO2/capCO2/GDP0.2MtCO2150.15tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP100.150.050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202119.2090.1660.069115.404M202018.1750.1610.069112.759M20055.3190.0690.08176.727M19902.0970.0440.05748.087MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-94%-60%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+707%+334%+7%combustion+48%+7%+3%Buildings+338%+241%+492%+6%Transport+809%Othersectors+2208%Allsectors+816%+261%100FalklandIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.3CO2/cap100800.260MtCO2tCO2/cap400.1200199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.05418.105n/a3.000k20200.05017.100n/a2.925k20050.21673.470n/a2.939k19900.0167.902n/a1.989kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+317%-87%+8%Otherindustrial+669%+156%+10%combustion+21%+10%+53%Buildings+5%+53%+8%+1%Transport+669%+9%Othersectors+165%Allsectors+246%-75%101FaroesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.002CO2/cap0.040.00150.03MtCO2tCO2/cap0.0010.020.00050.010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.0020.040n/a50.000k20200.0020.039n/a49.896k20050.0020.038n/a48.285k19900.0010.031n/a47.594kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industryn/an/an/an/an/aOtherindustrialn/an/an/acombustionn/an/aBuildingsn/a+8%+1%Transportn/a+1%Othersectors+33%Allsectors+33%+8%102FijiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP32.5221.51.5110.50.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.7311.8620.175930.000k20201.6711.8060.162924.915k20051.7832.1690.204821.817k19901.0021.3750.163728.628kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+51%-39%+4%-15%+4%Otherindustrial+177%+20%+4%combustion+47%+4%-16%+2%Buildings-58%+4%Transport+189%Othersectors+38%Allsectors+73%-3%103FinlandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6010405200199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202138.9926.9650.1445.598M202038.2486.8540.1465.580M200558.31511.0890.2485.259M199057.27911.4640.3494.996MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-29%-44%+3%-33%+1%Otherindustrial-42%-43%-1%combustion-22%-1%+17%Buildings-62%+11%Transport-16%+2%Othersectors+15%Allsectors-32%-33%104FranceandMonacoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors500CO2/capCO2/GDP8400630042002100MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021302.3274.5840.09965.955M2020279.2604.2490.09865.721M2005407.6996.6580.15561.234M1990385.2496.7630.19656.961MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-26%-41%+9%-29%Otherindustrial-38%-33%+10%combustion-13%+7%-22%+9%Buildings-28%+6%Transport+1%+8%Othersectors-29%Allsectors-22%-26%105FrenchGuianaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/cap80.860.640.420.2MtCO2tCO2/cap0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.8392.699n/a311.000k20200.7772.557n/a303.982k20050.7513.685n/a203.826k19900.6725.806n/a115.784kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+58%-2%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+33%+26%+8%combustion-26%+8%+52%+2%Buildings-79%+64%+8%Transport+166%Othersectors+1728%Allsectors+25%+12%106FrenchPolynesiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP5413MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20.510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.9733.3220.185293.000k20200.9393.2290.179290.744k20050.9723.8120.168254.886k19900.8374.2200.200198.375kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-4%-37%+4%-13%+4%Otherindustrial+224%+23%+4%combustion+50%+4%-1%0%Buildings-73%+4%Transport+84%Othersectors+34%Allsectors+16%0%107GabonFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO266tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP44220199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.5202.5160.1712.194M20205.5122.5620.1732.151M20056.3954.5580.2921.403M19906.1726.4810.358952.212kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+454%+146%+13%+30%+10%Otherindustrial+317%+12%+7%combustion-49%+7%-38%-8%Buildings+53%0%Transport-42%Othersectors-45%Allsectors-11%-14%108GeorgiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2306tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP2041020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202111.6492.9960.2033.888M202011.2432.8840.2163.899M20054.9851.1110.1754.487M199034.7486.4230.6505.410MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-91%+74%+15%+68%-28%Otherindustrial-85%+14%combustion+183%+4%+147%+7%Buildings-46%+164%+4%Transport+1%Othersectors+92%Allsectors-66%+134%109GermanyFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1200CO2/capCO2/GDP151000MtCO280010tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP60040052000199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021665.8848.0630.15182.590M2020629.0997.6220.14782.540M2005843.52210.3280.23381.671M19901019.07812.8800.35079.118MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-40%-35%+13%-6%+7%Otherindustrial-39%-23%+2%combustion-8%-1%+1%+3%Buildings-42%+6%Transport-10%Othersectors-28%Allsectors-35%-21%110GhanaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8200.6150.4100.25MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202123.6360.7530.13231.374M202021.5830.7020.12730.734M20057.2350.3360.10521.542M19903.1770.2170.08914.628M2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020+555%+8%Power+168%+8%Industry+96%+8%+151%+8%Otherindustrial+708%+322%combustion+17%Buildings+134%+10%Transport+461%Othersectors+493%Allsectors+644%+227%111GibraltarFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP25200.6150.4100.25MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.67019.1340.22835.000k20200.65218.6240.22235.000k20050.40612.6610.54632.085k19900.1444.9300.40829.164kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+141%+31%+5%n/an/aOtherindustrialn/an/an/acombustion+77%+2%+9%0%Buildingsn/a+3%Transport+528%Othersectors-39%Allsectors+366%+65%112GreeceFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors120CO2/capCO2/GDP10100880660440220MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202153.3724.8190.17011.075M202052.2204.7030.18011.103M2005104.8659.2790.27511.301M199079.0947.7180.32010.248MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-42%-57%+3%-38%+1%Otherindustrial-37%-61%+3%combustion-36%0%-37%+4%Buildings-31%+2%Transport-7%Othersectors-34%Allsectors-33%-49%113GreenlandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.6100.450.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.4658.1490.00257.000k20200.4558.0070.00256.772k20050.62110.9080.00356.951k19900.0030.0550.00055.604k2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020-41%+2%Power-51%+2%Industry-19%+2%-15%+3%Otherindustrial+74%+5%combustion+2%BuildingsTransport+96%OthersectorsAllsectors-25%114GrenadaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.6CO2/capCO2/GDP65MtCO20.44tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP30.2210199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.3443.1550.200109.000k20200.3092.8260.190109.308k20050.4013.8930.269102.949k19900.1331.3830.15796.283kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+198%-44%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+432%+148%+11%combustion+40%+11%+53%+1%Buildings-18%+57%+11%Transport+450%Othersectors+96%Allsectors+158%-14%115GuadeloupeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/cap65241.53120.51MtCO2tCO2/cap0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.8054.029n/a448.000k20201.6313.638n/a448.427k20052.0904.754n/a439.552k19901.5814.098n/a385.878kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+54%-13%+11%-20%+11%Otherindustrial+29%-53%+11%combustion-4%+11%+30%+2%Buildings-79%+11%Transport+159%Othersectors-4%Allsectors+14%-14%116GuatemalaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP1.520115MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202120.1911.1070.13318.244M202017.4270.9730.12317.911M200511.6860.8920.13413.096M19903.9130.4220.0789.264MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+3824%+94%+28%+20%+13%Otherindustrial+133%+73%+13%combustion+72%+13%+86%+1%Buildings+79%+16%Transport+416%Othersectors+201%Allsectors+416%+73%117GuineaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP0.3MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP30.220.110199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20213.4410.2440.09714.110M20203.2220.2340.09413.751M20051.9320.2000.1189.680M19901.1360.1880.1196.041MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+171%+44%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+467%+159%+8%combustion+15%+8%+37%+2%Buildings+76%+1251%+7%Transport+158%Othersectors+454%Allsectors+203%+78%118Guinea-BissauFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.4CO2/capCO2/GDP0.250.20.30.150.20.10.10.05MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.3210.1570.0852.048M20200.2980.1490.0822.001M20050.3040.2200.1351.381M19900.2050.2030.1051.012MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+58%+5%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+221%+83%+8%combustion-18%+8%0%Buildings0%-3%+12%+8%Transport+46%Othersectors+77%Allsectors+56%+5%119GuyanaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3CO2/capCO2/GDP42.532MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1.52110.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.9003.6480.165795.000k20202.6873.3970.183790.782k20051.4901.9840.251750.946k19901.1771.5830.327743.309kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+186%+99%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+10%+218%+8%combustion+37%+8%+68%+2%Buildings+119%+1851%+8%Transport+247%Othersectors+3357%Allsectors+146%+95%120HaitiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP0.4MtCO230.3tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20.210.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20213.2440.2820.09911.498M20202.9370.2580.08811.371M20051.8370.1980.0709.263M19901.1470.1610.0467.100MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+224%+362%+11%+52%+11%Otherindustrial+215%+1%+11%combustion+73%+11%+4%+1%Buildings+225%+10%Transport+216%Othersectors+25%Allsectors+183%+77%121HondurasFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP1.510MtCO281tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP640.520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20219.7510.9880.1709.869M20208.7120.8960.1719.719M20057.1340.9680.2107.373M19902.3740.4790.1204.955MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+14550%+67%+13%-36%+13%Otherindustrial+40%-16%+13%combustion+88%+13%+21%+2%Buildings+67%+12%Transport+283%Othersectors+314%Allsectors+311%+37%122HongKongFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP840630420210MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202133.2054.3700.0757.598M202032.8114.3470.0787.548M200542.6846.2510.1436.828M199035.0766.0670.2145.781MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-8%-28%+6%-3%-10%Otherindustrial-42%+29%-3%combustion-16%-11%+36%+2%Buildings+75%+1%Transport+12%Othersectors-9%Allsectors-5%-22%123HungaryFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2606tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202150.6915.2880.1569.587M202049.3985.1340.1639.621M200560.0445.9530.24410.086M199072.1786.9550.36610.378MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-50%-43%-3%+27%+3%Otherindustrial-45%-31%+5%combustion+18%+6%-2%-1%Buildings-39%+3%Transport+65%Othersectors-20%Allsectors-30%-16%124IcelandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3102510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.9088.4050.146346.000k20202.7107.8970.141343.228k20053.17310.7580.222294.979k19902.3459.1930.265255.043kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-17%-59%+2%-95%+2%Otherindustrial-92%-49%+2%combustion+1%+2%+93%Buildings-48%+11%Transport+8%+7%Othersectors+304%Allsectors+24%-8%125IndiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3000CO2/capCO2/GDP225001.52000MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1500110000.55000199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212648.7791.8950.2851.397G20202396.3371.7320.2811.383G20051215.2091.0620.3261.144G1990600.0250.6900.379870.133MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+486%+125%+15%+146%+12%Otherindustrial+303%+48%+7%combustion+148%+4%+73%-2%Buildings+123%+11%Transport+345%Othersectors+247%Allsectors+341%+118%126IndonesiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP2.526001.540012000.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021602.5942.1920.186274.854M2020591.3192.1720.189272.223M2005361.4521.5940.238226.713M1990161.6400.8910.196181.437MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+841%+128%+1%+47%+1%Otherindustrial+211%-38%+5%combustion+93%+4%+45%+2%Buildings+13%+2%Transport+319%Othersectors+110%Allsectors+273%+67%127IranFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP108600640042002MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021710.8318.4310.54484.308M2020690.8648.2650.54983.587M2005467.9516.6450.50070.422M1990204.8203.6430.38956.226MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+377%+76%+3%+71%+3%Otherindustrial+262%+23%+3%combustion+27%+1%+93%+7%Buildings+190%+3%Transport+240%Othersectors+188%Allsectors+247%+52%128IraqFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP651504MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP100325010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021177.8494.1740.45642.612M2020165.7693.9940.43741.503M200587.1653.2270.43727.008M199069.3263.9680.52717.469MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+371%+160%+4%+145%Otherindustrial+136%-3%+12%combustion+33%+15%+172%+15%Buildings+54%+2%Transport+59%+7%Othersectors+157%Allsectors+157%+104%129IrelandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP1210408306204102MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202135.0137.1080.0684.926M202032.9226.7350.0734.888M200547.36511.2430.2004.213M199032.8569.2050.3543.569MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-11%-38%+13%-27%+3%Otherindustrial-3%-24%+9%combustion-19%+2%-6%+1%Buildings-19%+6%Transport+110%Othersectors+4%Allsectors+7%-26%130IsraelandPalestine,StateofFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP1210608MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40642020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202159.5906.7390.1038.842M202059.9066.8750.1118.714M200562.2619.4290.2176.603M199035.3287.8500.3094.500MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+80%-18%-4%+3%Otherindustrial+17%+120%+4%combustion-61%+4%+21%+1%Buildings-13%+10%-1%Transport+103%Othersectors+52%Allsectors+69%-4%131Italy,SanMarinoandtheHolySeeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors500CO2/capCO2/GDP104008MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3006200410020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021319.6695.4150.12959.038M2020295.4194.9960.12759.132M2005498.0238.4690.19458.809M1990430.4477.5350.20757.127MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-25%-41%+7%-51%+8%Otherindustrial-55%-23%+8%combustion-25%-44%+11%Buildings-9%0%Transport-4%+8%Othersectors-43%Allsectors-26%-36%132JamaicaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP54103MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP2510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.0812.7680.2982.919M20207.2312.4820.2792.913M200510.6323.8740.3912.745M19907.5313.1060.3622.424MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+50%-34%+15%-31%+10%Otherindustrial-42%-33%+11%combustion+3%+11%+14%+1%Buildings-11%+12%Transport+109%Othersectors+40%Allsectors+7%-24%133JapanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1500CO2/capCO2/GDP1210MtCO210008tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6500420199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211084.6918.6010.212126.109M20201054.9048.3390.209126.496M20051286.03610.0210.263128.336M19901171.7559.4100.289124.516MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+27%+6%+4%-23%+3%Otherindustrial-31%-35%+1%combustion-29%+2%-25%+2%Buildings-19%+3%Transport-15%Othersectors-34%Allsectors-7%-16%134JordanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP425320MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP15210150199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202124.2972.3540.23710.320M202023.5102.3030.23510.209M200520.3213.5560.3335.714M199010.0872.8330.3573.561MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+197%+28%+5%-47%-2%Otherindustrial+3%-18%+4%combustion+75%+4%+31%+2%Buildings+56%+3%Transport+212%Othersectors+167%Allsectors+141%+20%135KazakhstanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors300CO2/capCO2/GDP2025015200MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150101005500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021211.20711.1410.42718.957M2020212.88811.3380.44818.777M2005182.62711.7510.72915.541M1990251.78515.2231.14316.540MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-11%+23%-2%-38%-1%Otherindustrial-58%-4%combustion+331%+6%+60%+9%Buildings+58%-23%-1%Transport+6%Othersectors+36%Allsectors-16%+16%136KenyaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP0.5200.4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150.3100.250.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202122.4300.4090.08954.781M202021.1090.3950.09053.492M20058.8720.2460.07336.048M19906.4760.2770.07623.402MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+545%-28%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+403%+309%+7%combustion+3%+7%+2%Buildings+8%+209%+113%+6%Transport+231%Othersectors+208%Allsectors+246%+153%137KiribatiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.08CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8MtCO20.060.6tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.040.40.020.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.0750.6060.301124.000k20200.0720.5920.295122.439k20050.0640.6890.32292.325k19900.0170.2300.10972.412kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+279%-26%+4%+2%+4%Otherindustrial+1179%+45%+4%combustion+77%+4%+14%+1%Buildings+7%+4%Transport+625%Othersectors+75%Allsectors+351%+18%138KuwaitFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP4080306020401020MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202198.08322.4910.5064.361M202091.12221.1770.4764.303M200575.23733.0480.4532.277M199032.38215.4230.5142.100MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+184%+31%+8%+37%Otherindustrial+246%+12%combustion+100%+2%+86%+2%Buildings+428%-31%+2%Transport+435%+8%Othersectors+50%Allsectors+203%+30%139KyrgyzstanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP6520415310251MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202110.7801.6890.3356.382M20209.7331.5440.3136.302M20055.5011.0840.3035.075M199023.7095.4221.0474.373MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-39%+14%+14%+39%+11%Otherindustrial-88%+11%combustion+419%+9%0%+3%Buildings+17%+93%+11%Transport-82%Othersectors+24%Allsectors-55%+96%140LaosFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP32.5202151.510150.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202120.5602.8310.3537.263M202020.2122.8210.3567.165M20051.3080.2270.0635.754M19900.2550.0600.0304.258MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+19511%+1%+383%+2%Otherindustrial+3750%+752%+4%combustion+160%+4%+1447%+2%Buildings-20%+2%Transport+3385%Othersectors+12011%Allsectors+7966%+1472%141LatviaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP82061541025MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.2123.8460.1211.875M20206.9393.6660.1211.893M20058.2433.6600.1812.252M199020.4327.6690.4802.664MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-84%-26%+8%-49%+5%Otherindustrial-78%-11%+5%combustion-5%+2%+57%+3%Buildings-66%+4%Transport-7%Othersectors-33%Allsectors-65%-13%142LebanonFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP6255MtCO2204tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP153102510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202125.7694.3250.3915.958M202024.9724.1480.3396.020M200516.6044.1650.2493.987M19905.9782.2110.2842.703MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+416%+95%+4%-63%-7%Otherindustrial+94%-50%+4%combustion+92%+4%+11%+2%Buildings+25%+3%Transport+319%Othersectors+396%Allsectors+331%+55%143LesothoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP0.4MtCO20.60.3tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.40.20.20.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.6530.2780.1242.351M20200.6330.2720.1212.322M20050.4450.2280.1131.950M19900.1310.0820.0581.604MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+412%+44%+3%+3%Otherindustrial+958%+157%+3%combustion+15%+3%+36%0%Buildings+230%+17%+3%Transport+383%Othersectors+40%Allsectors+398%+47%144LiberiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.310.20.50.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.4430.2760.1975.232M20201.3450.2640.1915.104M20050.7460.2290.1853.261M19900.4530.2160.1352.097MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+205%+88%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+536%+238%+8%combustion+50%+8%+78%+2%Buildings+98%+102%+7%Transport+190%Othersectors+369%Allsectors+219%+93%145LibyaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP1210608MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40642020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202163.2789.3800.4286.746M202048.8937.3390.4346.662M200557.6489.9520.3215.793M199032.5707.3410.2364.437MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+188%+12%+16%-17%+15%Otherindustrial+15%-53%+21%combustion+36%+21%+9%+90%Buildings-11%+29%Transport+182%Othersectors+33%Allsectors+94%+10%146LithuaniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP1210308MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20641020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202113.8254.8680.1272.840M202013.5574.7530.1312.852M200514.1174.2210.2023.344M199035.3189.5560.5703.696MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-93%-77%-2%-18%+3%Otherindustrial-65%+8%+2%combustion+52%+4%+66%-2%Buildings-81%+2%Transport+12%Othersectors-10%Allsectors-61%-2%147LuxembourgFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP40MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3010205100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.44613.8240.111611.000k20208.15813.5080.115603.944k200512.17226.5860.241457.842k199011.75230.7810.434381.791kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-86%-82%+6%-30%+3%Otherindustrial-83%-8%+5%combustion-28%+3%-11%+3%Buildings+16%+4%Transport+98%Othersectors-40%Allsectors-28%-31%148MacaoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP54332211MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.6584.0150.060662.000k20202.5993.9880.069651.875k20052.1054.3610.056482.559k19900.9372.7240.056343.935kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+133%-23%+2%+53%0%Otherindustrial+919%+27%+3%combustion+48%+3%+2%Buildings-45%+2611%+2%Transport+256%Othersectors+1563%Allsectors+184%+26%149MadagascarFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP0.250.154MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP30.120.0510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.3000.1860.12528.426M20204.9560.1790.12227.691M20052.2020.1200.07718.337M19900.8100.0700.03811.599MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+318%+33%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+2251%+850%+7%combustion+27%+7%+27%+2%Buildings+190%+35%+7%Transport+259%Othersectors+217%Allsectors+554%+141%150MalawiFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.1520.11.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10.050.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.8190.0870.06120.859M20201.7080.0840.05920.284M20051.5690.1200.11213.040M19900.9300.0990.1049.438MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+63%-44%+7%+49%+7%Otherindustrial+69%+22%+7%combustion+56%+7%-7%+1%Buildings+80%+6%Transport+171%Othersectors+100%Allsectors+96%+16%151MalaysiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors300CO2/capCO2/GDP10250820061504100250MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021251.5557.5570.28533.289M2020256.1917.7940.29932.869M2005181.8097.0850.39125.659M199057.5123.1880.31018.038MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+610%+108%-6%-17%+3%Otherindustrial+172%+25%+2%combustion+35%+2%+17%-1%Buildings+182%-2%Transport+279%Othersectors+286%Allsectors+337%+38%152MaldivesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP65241.53120.51MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.2064.7450.245465.000k20202.1284.6360.309458.909k20050.7032.2060.175318.836k19900.0930.4180.039223.215kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1888%+97%+4%+4%Otherindustrial+6616%+172%+4%combustion+287%+4%+372%0%Buildings+462%+86%+4%Transport+3705%Othersectors+314%Allsectors+2266%+214%153MaliFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP0.35MtCO240.2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP320.110199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.9220.2830.12720.892M20205.5210.2720.12220.284M20051.0630.0830.04212.799M19900.4020.0470.0348.465MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1377%+417%+8%+834%+8%Otherindustrial+2992%+315%+8%combustion+392%+8%+805%+1%Buildings+859%+7%Transport+1309%Othersectors+1259%Allsectors+1374%+457%154MaltaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3CO2/capCO2/GDP82.562MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1.54120.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.7454.0030.076436.000k20201.6243.7390.077434.363k20052.6706.5640.228406.787k19902.3516.4520.412364.431kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-52%-57%+14%+28%+2%Otherindustrial+3%+2%combustion+35%+2%+39%+1%Buildings+34%+7%Transport+51%Othersectors+65%Allsectors-26%-35%155MartiniqueFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/cap8261.54120.5MtCO2tCO2/cap0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.9044.934n/a386.000k20201.7164.451n/a385.457k20052.2115.568n/a397.047k19901.6804.686n/a358.449kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+57%-10%+11%-18%+11%Otherindustrial+32%-52%+11%combustion-2%+11%-25%+1%Buildings-79%+11%Transport+165%Othersectors-47%Allsectors+13%-14%156MauritaniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors5CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5413MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20.510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214.2570.8670.1754.908M20203.9620.8280.1674.784M20051.6670.5330.1213.131M19900.7730.3810.0842.030MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+431%+145%+8%+342%+8%Otherindustrial+695%+97%+8%combustion+133%+8%+196%+2%Buildings+257%+7%Transport+427%Othersectors+723%Allsectors+450%+155%157MauritiusFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors5CO2/capCO2/GDP44332211MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214.1283.2350.1611.276M20203.8583.0280.1571.274M20052.9852.4420.1791.222M19901.1921.1290.1411.056MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+459%+55%+7%-8%+7%Otherindustrial+93%+10%+7%combustion+31%+7%+77%0%Buildings+73%+7%Transport+153%Othersectors+47%Allsectors+246%+38%158MexicoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors600CO2/capCO2/GDP55004400330022001100MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021418.3483.0900.173135.384M2020401.1262.9960.174133.870M2005448.8614.1380.238108.472M1990291.0373.4100.23285.358MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+78%-16%+4%-21%+4%Otherindustrial+10%-25%+4%combustion-11%+4%+99%+6%Buildings-8%+4%Transport+40%Othersectors+113%Allsectors+44%-7%159MoldovaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2306tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP2041020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20219.5502.3840.2614.005M20208.9362.2240.2784.018M20058.2811.9920.3974.158M199031.9597.3230.7534.364MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-73%-1%+6%+7%Otherindustrial-40%+23%+9%combustion-5%+9%+3%Buildings-86%+70%+73%+7%Transport-17%Othersectors-43%Allsectors-70%+15%160MongoliaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP82061541025MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202124.9857.6850.6413.251M202024.5347.6440.6383.209M200511.1194.4010.7492.526M199013.1576.0241.2102.184MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+119%+89%+1%+3%Otherindustrial-6%+257%+1%combustion+161%+4%+179%+1%Buildings+117%+580%+2%Transport+87%Othersectors+187%Allsectors+90%+125%161MoroccoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP2MtCO2601.5tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP401200.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202173.9681.9730.26337.498M202067.4261.8190.25737.071M200544.4431.4560.27530.521M199022.4540.9030.23524.879MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+305%+90%+9%+4%Otherindustrial+31%+82%+11%combustion+81%+12%+31%+12%Buildings+319%+3%Transport+374%+10%Othersectors+145%Allsectors+229%+66%162MozambiqueFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP0.380.26MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40.120199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.6440.2600.22033.230M20208.0320.2490.20932.309M20052.7010.1290.16020.923M19901.1830.0890.19313.248MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1495%+9797%+15%+345%+10%Otherindustrial+774%-39%+10%combustion+226%+7%+86%+2%Buildings-49%+8%Transport+459%Othersectors+2142%Allsectors+631%+220%163Myanmar/BurmaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8400.6300.4200.210MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202140.0510.7250.18555.269M202039.7020.7240.15054.808M200511.1590.2300.13748.483M19904.4690.1100.19240.626MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+799%+371%-3%+297%+2%Otherindustrial+712%+938%+4%combustion+36%+3%+511%+1%Buildings+64179%+1%Transport+377%Othersectors+617%Allsectors+796%+259%164NamibiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors5CO2/capCO2/GDP241.53120.51MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214.0651.4780.1762.751M20203.9481.4640.1752.697M20052.5931.2760.1672.032M19901.5011.0610.1761.415MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-78%+50%+5%+47%+3%Otherindustrial+120%+83%+3%combustion+25%+3%+1%Buildings+405%+551%+3%Transport+144%Othersectors+2872%Allsectors+171%+57%165NepalFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors20CO2/capCO2/GDP0.6MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150.4100.250199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202114.3140.4680.12430.578M202013.9270.4600.12630.260M20053.3000.1290.05625.640M19901.0980.0590.03618.749M2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020-100%+4%Power+233%+1%Industry+88%+4%+490%+4%Otherindustrial+1572%+2%combustion+1545%+3%Buildings+539%Transport+1357%Othersectors+1733%Allsectors+1204%+334%166NetherlandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150101005500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021146.8688.5240.14817.230M2020143.1108.3290.15117.181M2005181.95811.1170.22516.367M1990161.44110.7880.29614.965MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+9%-23%+9%-7%+3%Otherindustrial-17%-24%-3%combustion-19%0%-21%-1%Buildings-27%+3%Transport+3%Othersectors-16%Allsectors-9%-19%167NewCaledoniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP205154MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3102510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.69919.5850.624291.000k20205.55819.3700.609286.913k20052.75711.8490.411232.686k19901.5739.2630.338169.787kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+413%+50%+3%+2%Otherindustrial+356%+219%+4%combustion+71%+4%+1%Buildings-48%+109%-39%+3%Transport+328%Othersectors+10%Allsectors+262%+107%168NewZealandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP108306204102MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202132.6036.6880.1474.875M202033.2966.8870.1574.834M200537.1058.9730.2414.135M199024.0357.0730.2573.398MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+48%-48%+2%+23%-2%Otherindustrial+15%-25%-4%combustion-7%-3%+25%-5%Buildings-5%-2%Transport+46%Othersectors+91%Allsectors+36%-12%169NicaraguaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors6CO2/capCO2/GDP150.840.630.420.21MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20215.0020.7720.1306.481M20204.4700.6970.1286.417M20054.4080.8190.1885.379M19901.9690.4750.1374.145MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+159%-11%+13%-18%+13%Otherindustrial+72%+57%+13%combustion+41%+13%+33%+1%Buildings+196%+12%Transport+174%Othersectors+193%Allsectors+154%+13%170NigerFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.120.120.081.50.0610.040.50.02MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.4700.0990.08225.006M20202.2610.0940.07624.075M20050.7990.0590.06113.618M19900.6290.0780.0708.013MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+186%+157%+11%+225%+8%Otherindustrial+71%+418%+8%combustion+209%+8%+316%+12%Buildings+1151%+9%Transport+487%Othersectors+283%Allsectors+293%+209%171NigeriaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors150CO2/capCO2/GDP10.81000.6MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.4500.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021127.0290.6010.121211.447M2020120.3380.5840.119206.153M2005100.6010.7240.181138.939M199074.7680.7850.24195.270MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+161%+87%+8%+63%+8%Otherindustrial+259%-39%+8%combustion+8%+107%-3%Buildings-15%-40%+6%Transport+404%Othersectors-44%Allsectors+70%+26%172NorthKoreaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors150CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP610045020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202162.5742.4110.51125.951M202061.0842.3640.49925.841M200579.8613.3410.82923.904M1990131.9796.5041.27320.293MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-78%-71%+2%-26%+1%Otherindustrial-55%-12%+1%combustion+2%+312%Buildings-27%+28%+13%Transport-4%+2%Othersectors-62%Allsectors-53%-22%173NorthMacedoniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP6105MtCO284tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6342210199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.5083.5940.2212.089M20207.1603.4290.2192.088M20059.6814.6990.4242.060M199011.2105.6150.4941.996MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-47%-49%-7%-32%+5%Otherindustrial-43%-53%combustion+16%+141%+16%Buildings-50%+7%+18%Transport+221%+5%Othersectors-67%Allsectors-33%-22%174NorwayFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP1210408306204102MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202142.3297.6960.1195.500M202041.6707.6460.1225.450M200544.2939.5620.1554.632M199037.4538.8180.2104.247MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+410%+189%0%+6%-1%Otherindustrial+38%-41%0%combustion-19%0%-4%Buildings-45%+10%Transport+6%+2%Othersectors-6%Allsectors+13%-4%175OmanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP208015601040520MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202194.62017.9540.6165.270M202085.63516.6290.5685.150M200533.00413.1420.3612.511M199015.5808.5970.2831.812MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+419%+103%+14%+138%+13%Otherindustrial+494%+13%combustion+1244%+9%+203%+2%Buildings+3571%+130%+10%Transport+560%Othersectors+232%Allsectors+507%+187%176PakistanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors250CO2/capCO2/GDP1.52001150MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1000.5500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021219.7921.0360.182212.107M2020202.0470.9700.178208.362M2005132.4600.8610.198153.910M199065.3470.6070.185107.679MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+227%+41%+9%+65%+7%Otherindustrial+268%+71%combustion+10%+105%+15%Buildings+141%+56%+2%Transport+304%+9%Othersectors+191%Allsectors+236%+66%177PalauFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors4CO2/capCO2/GDP200MtCO23150tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP21001500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.32460.1685.70522.000k20201.27656.8684.55922.442k20051.73487.1145.68519.906k19902.155142.82610.04515.088kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-3%-45%+4%-67%+4%Otherindustrial-52%+6%+4%combustion+25%+4%-71%-3%Buildings-87%+4%Transport-10%Othersectors-80%Allsectors-39%-24%178PanamaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3102510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202112.5112.8750.0994.352M202011.1462.5990.1024.289M20057.1252.1390.1313.330M19902.7391.1090.1032.471MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+903%+207%+13%-5%+13%Otherindustrial+195%+64%+13%combustion+67%+13%+37%+2%Buildings+216%+12%Transport+278%Othersectors+243%Allsectors+357%+76%179PapuaNewGuineaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP10.860.640.420.2MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20216.5710.7360.1788.926M20206.3870.7290.1768.756M20055.3700.8500.2876.315M19902.1340.4950.1904.313MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+159%-12%+2%+27%0%Otherindustrial+1073%+71%+4%combustion+3%+101%+8%Buildings-36%-55%+3%Transport+318%Othersectors+563%Allsectors+208%+22%180ParaguayFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5816MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40.520199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20218.8911.2440.0977.149M20208.2661.1700.0947.066M20053.9300.6780.0795.795M19902.2660.5380.0634.214MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-72%+8%-15%+9%Otherindustrial+12%+27%+8%combustion+146%+8%+105%+1%Buildings+87%+8%Transport+364%Othersectors+179%Allsectors+292%+126%181PeruFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors60CO2/capCO2/GDP2501.540MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP301200.5100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202155.1441.6370.13133.686M202046.5871.3990.12533.312M200531.8711.1540.15227.610M199020.8890.9570.18021.827MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+337%+108%+13%+4%+16%Otherindustrial+91%+34%+24%combustion+137%+26%+69%+2%Buildings+4%+18%Transport+235%Othersectors+214%Allsectors+164%+73%182PhilippinesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP15011000.5500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021147.9561.3290.161111.303M2020138.6961.2640.159109.703M200580.7300.9360.18586.274M199044.2930.7150.17061.947MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+694%+172%+6%+23%+8%Otherindustrial+33%+95%combustion+29%+10%+51%+9%Buildings+210%+2%Transport+136%+7%Othersectors+159%Allsectors+234%+83%183PolandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors400CO2/capCO2/GDP108300620041002MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021320.7688.4760.24737.846M2020295.9317.8000.24137.942M2005317.8138.2840.44038.363M1990372.0449.8020.86337.955MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-37%-16%+9%+2%+9%Otherindustrial-15%-12%+9%combustion+89%+7%+17%+3%Buildings-8%+8%Transport+223%Othersectors-9%Allsectors-14%+1%184PortugalFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2606tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202138.6773.7980.11210.183M202039.5793.8730.12010.218M200568.1466.4500.20910.566M199043.6124.3820.1859.953MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-39%-64%-13%-34%0%Otherindustrial-28%-46%+1%combustion-25%+3%-29%+1%Buildings-3%-2%Transport+47%Othersectors-16%Allsectors-11%-43%185PuertoRicoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors5CO2/capCO2/GDP1.5413MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20.510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.2610.3460.0123.646M20201.2050.3300.0113.651M20052.3270.6180.0183.765M19900.8810.2510.0123.518M2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020-99%+30%Power+28%+30%Industry-20%+14%-17%+11%Otherindustrial+39%+2%combustion+5%Buildings+22%Transport+11%Othersectors+45%Allsectors+43%-46%186QatarFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors120CO2/capCO2/GDP6010050MtCO28040tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6030402020100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202197.69434.3990.3922.840M202094.72833.9310.3862.792M200543.61050.4240.574864.863k199017.01035.7010.596476.445kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+337%+155%+3%+145%+3%Otherindustrial+739%+106%+8%combustion+110%+8%+66%+1%Buildings+258%+3%Transport+573%Othersectors+277%Allsectors+474%+124%187RéunionFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3CO2/cap42.532MtCO2tCO2/cap1.52110.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.5792.856n/a903.000k20202.4152.694n/a896.536k20052.5733.251n/a791.598k19901.0861.778n/a610.582kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+187%+9%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+311%+35%+7%combustion-15%+7%+2%Buildings+80%-1%-34%+7%Transport+160%Othersectors-26%Allsectors+138%0%188RomaniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO21506tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10045020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202178.7474.0810.13419.295M202073.0813.7690.13119.388M2005103.4064.8250.28921.431M1990186.6707.9470.60523.489MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-70%-43%+11%-46%+7%Otherindustrial-76%+5%+4%combustion+56%+9%-15%+5%Buildings-30%+8%Transport+61%Othersectors-45%Allsectors-58%-24%189RussiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors2500CO2/capCO2/GDP2020001515001010005500MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211942.53513.5240.476143.636M20201797.59512.5020.462143.787M20051735.02712.0810.603143.618M19902395.64416.2350.754147.564MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-29%-6%+9%+8%Otherindustrial+12%+60%combustion+55%+10%+18%+8%Buildings-36%+4%+1%Transport-13%+8%Othersectors+10%Allsectors-19%+12%190RwandaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.2MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.1510.10.50.050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.2360.0920.04113.379M20201.1670.0890.04313.087M20050.6830.0760.0678.992M19900.5840.0810.0857.236MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+90%+64%+7%+7%Otherindustrial+295%+193%+7%combustion+30%+7%+55%+2%Buildings+23%+199%+6%Transport+80%Othersectors+345%Allsectors+112%+81%191SaintHelena,AscensionandTristandFaossCiluCnO2heamissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.02CO2/cap540.01530.0120.0051MtCO2tCO2/cap0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.0164.025n/a4.000k20200.0163.774n/a4.126k20050.0102.270n/a4.275k19900.0101.722n/a5.535kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+133%+78%+4%+3%Otherindustrial-95%+114%+3%combustion+15%+3%+61%+3%Buildings-92%+22%+3%Transport+125%Othersectors+1416%Allsectors+69%+66%192SaintKittsandNevisFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.6CO2/capCO2/GDP1080.46MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40.220199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2864.9370.22458.000k20200.2574.5280.19956.813k20050.3697.5880.35648.611k19900.0551.3410.09640.834kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+510%-51%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+993%+143%+11%combustion+36%+11%+49%0%Buildings+65%+18%+11%Transport+1024%Othersectors+196%Allsectors+423%-22%193SaintLuciaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP540.630.420.21MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.7133.9410.302181.000k20200.6413.5350.290181.203k20050.5373.2810.244163.714k19900.1861.3450.115138.185kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+345%-5%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+685%+215%+11%combustion+80%+11%+97%+3%Buildings+22%+38%+11%Transport+721%Othersectors+72%Allsectors+284%+33%194SaintPierreandMiquelonFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.4CO2/cap60500.340MtCO230tCO2/cap0.2200.1100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.09313.253n/a7.000k20200.09214.291n/a6.407k20050.25340.391n/a6.261k19900.23837.926n/a6.276kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-56%-80%+1%+1%Otherindustrial-19%+109%+1%combustion+10%+2%+26%-3%Buildings-87%+80%+1%Transport-18%Othersectors-29%Allsectors-61%-63%195SaintVincentandtheGrenadinesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.6CO2/capCO2/GDP540.43MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP20.210199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2332.0980.164111.000k20200.2091.8900.148110.757k20050.3853.5410.317108.744k19900.0770.7170.105107.505kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+252%-61%+11%+83%+11%Otherindustrial+536%+3%+11%combustion+12%+11%-2%-1%Buildings-3%+11%Transport+550%Othersectors+26%Allsectors+202%-40%196SamoaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.4CO2/capCO2/GDP2MtCO20.31.5tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.210.10.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.3601.7830.308202.000k20200.3471.7360.273200.117k20050.2241.2470.218179.929k19900.1210.7460.193162.866kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+147%+1%+4%+4%Otherindustrial+733%+39%+4%combustion+98%+4%+141%+1%Buildings-30%+10%+4%Transport+372%Othersectors+38%Allsectors+197%+61%197SãoToméandPríncipeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.2CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8MtCO20.150.6tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.10.40.050.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.1530.6880.170223.000k20200.1430.6550.161218.011k20050.0980.6290.215155.630k19900.0470.4100.194113.893kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+246%+61%+8%+7%Otherindustrial+572%+170%+7%combustion+22%+7%+43%+1%Buildings+113%+43%+7%Transport+208%Othersectors+91%Allsectors+229%+57%198SaudiArabiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO260015tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4001020050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021586.39816.6290.36835.263M2020574.91616.5640.37234.710M2005346.33814.4880.32823.906M1990173.47910.6250.25816.327MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+315%+83%+2%+37%+2%Otherindustrial+186%+17%+1%combustion+74%+1%+86%+2%Buildings+86%+2%Transport+167%Othersectors+308%Allsectors+238%+69%199SenegalFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors12CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8100.68MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP60.440.220199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202111.9810.6780.20317.663M202011.1450.6480.20017.200M20055.8020.5160.19011.251M19902.4020.3180.1297.556MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+400%+123%+9%+31%Otherindustrial+322%+26%+15%combustion+118%+8%+149%+8%Buildings+85%+2%Transport+337%+8%Othersectors+990%Allsectors+399%+107%200SerbiaandMontenegroFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2606tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202139.3504.2300.2339.303M202057.7196.1840.3699.334M200561.5266.2580.6159.831M199066.4406.5570.83310.132MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-46%-44%-44%-32%-13%Otherindustrial-47%-25%-13%combustion+6%+2%-55%0%Buildings-65%-32%Transport+86%Othersectors-66%Allsectors-41%-36%201SeychellesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2110tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.04610.7880.38897.000k20201.00810.4840.38196.112k20051.05211.8520.68188.744k19900.3204.5360.31070.624kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+226%-3%+4%+4%Otherindustrial+578%+75%+4%combustion-22%+4%-1%Buildings+111%-8%+34%+4%Transport+208%Othersectors+121%Allsectors+227%-1%202SierraLeoneFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1.5CO2/capCO2/GDP0.250.210.15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.10.50.050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20211.0090.1230.0758.211M20200.9440.1170.0728.047M20050.6250.1100.0895.658M19900.7690.1780.1234.312MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+12%+56%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+132%+178%+8%combustion+24%+8%+46%+2%Buildings-28%+76%+7%Transport+6%Othersectors+583%Allsectors+31%+61%203SingaporeFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors60CO2/capCO2/GDP1550MtCO24010tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP30205100199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202158.1819.7100.1015.992M202055.7989.4010.1045.935M200541.8149.3100.1464.491M199031.63510.5000.2783.013MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+59%+22%+9%+58%+3%Otherindustrial+108%+14%+3%combustion+17%-1%+85%-1%Buildings-55%+4%Transport+61%Othersectors+241%Allsectors+84%+39%204SlovakiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP1210608MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40642020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202137.4826.8760.2185.451M202033.1136.0740.1995.451M200542.1647.8100.3915.399M199060.49911.4400.7485.288MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-54%-42%+20%-8%+17%Otherindustrial-37%-21%+13%combustion+26%+5%+11%+10%Buildings-71%+13%Transport+101%Othersectors-4%Allsectors-38%-11%205SloveniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors20CO2/capCO2/GDP10815610452MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202114.1716.8060.1682.082M202014.3736.9030.1852.082M200518.3409.1870.2951.996M199016.6478.2970.3722.006MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-41%-41%-16%-19%+4%Otherindustrial-28%-55%+6%combustion+14%+6%-13%+3%Buildings-44%-1%Transport+87%Othersectors-19%Allsectors-15%-23%206SolomonIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.4CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8MtCO20.30.6tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.20.40.10.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.3290.4980.193660.000k20200.3170.4900.186647.297k20050.3140.6670.314469.885k19900.1610.5150.222311.840kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+71%-34%+4%-9%+4%Otherindustrial+476%+29%+4%combustion+57%+4%+9%0%Buildings-52%+4%Transport+226%Othersectors+68%Allsectors+105%+5%207SomaliaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors1CO2/capCO2/GDP0.120.10.80.080.60.060.40.040.20.02MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.7640.0460.03916.589M20200.7170.0450.03816.105M20050.8270.0790.07110.410M19900.7600.1030.0597.397MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-1%-10%+7%+60%+7%Otherindustrial+105%-29%+7%combustion-16%+7%+21%+1%Buildings-36%+6%Transport-7%Othersectors+43%Allsectors0%-8%208SouthAfricaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors500CO2/capCO2/GDP104008MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3006200410020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021435.5237.3360.55359.366M2020427.8167.2860.57058.721M2005434.6308.9030.72648.821M1990313.6678.3510.75737.560MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+51%+3%-1%+2%0%Otherindustrial+69%+1%combustion+60%+8%+15%Buildings+180%-46%+20%Transport+68%+2%Othersectors-52%Allsectors+39%0%209SouthKoreaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP6001040052000199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021626.80012.1320.27551.667M2020605.44911.7550.27651.507M2005516.52510.6040.37448.709M1990271.0816.3160.50042.923MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+417%+43%+2%+9%+4%Otherindustrial+77%-14%+8%combustion+23%+6%+5%0%Buildings-18%+4%Transport+141%Othersectors+57%Allsectors+131%+21%210SpainandAndorraFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors400CO2/capCO2/GDP108300620041002MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021231.9144.9930.12946.449M2020212.4674.5730.12446.459M2005371.5378.4360.22444.043M1990232.1175.9050.21739.306MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-27%-59%+10%-32%+8%Otherindustrial-9%-23%+8%combustion-25%+11%-35%+4%Buildings+40%+9%Transport+31%Othersectors-17%Allsectors0%-38%211SriLankaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP1.525MtCO2201tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP15100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202123.8631.1280.08421.146M202024.5371.1640.08921.084M200514.5350.7440.10719.525M19904.2500.2450.06317.330MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+153913%+114%-4%-39%-4%Otherindustrial+51%+20%-4%combustion+41%-4%+171%+5%Buildings+136%-3%Transport+256%Othersectors+439%Allsectors+461%+64%212SudanandSouthSudanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors25CO2/capCO2/GDP0.5200.4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150.3100.250.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202121.3660.3600.12459.313M202020.1340.3630.08155.531M200510.8890.2820.10438.584M19905.5920.2180.17225.677MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+977%+125%+7%+39%+7%Otherindustrial+164%-21%+7%combustion+117%+7%+160%+1%Buildings+622%+6%Transport+168%Othersectors+743%Allsectors+282%+96%213SurinameFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3CO2/capCO2/GDP62.55MtCO224tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1.53120.510199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.7074.6430.301583.000k20202.4994.3260.269577.752k20051.6923.3910.213498.946k19901.6243.9850.289407.472kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+72%+59%+8%+39%+9%Otherindustrial+124%+51%+8%combustion+78%+8%-42%+1%Buildings-6%+8%Transport+277%Othersectors-77%Allsectors+67%+60%214SwedenFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2606tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4042020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202138.9223.8200.07010.188M202038.9683.8500.07410.122M200556.4746.2480.1389.039M199058.0916.7800.1998.567MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-9%-25%-2%-46%-6%Otherindustrial-48%-58%+2%combustion-30%+2%+8%+3%Buildings-77%0%Transport-26%Othersectors+23%Allsectors-33%-31%215SwitzerlandandLiechtensteinFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP840630420210MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202135.0734.0170.0578.731M202034.2273.9470.0588.671M200547.1876.3680.1037.410M199044.9626.7360.1196.675MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+36%-6%+3%+4%Otherindustrial-25%-23%+4%combustion-38%+1%-21%+3%Buildings-36%-8%+2%Transport-9%Othersectors-31%Allsectors-22%-26%216SyriaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors80CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO2603tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4022010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202125.8611.3200.54819.587M202024.8511.3130.52718.924M200558.7833.2131.35818.295M199033.0262.6532.04612.446MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+76%-47%+4%-64%+4%Otherindustrial-33%-70%+4%combustion-63%+4%-37%+5%Buildings-66%+4%Transport-30%Othersectors-42%Allsectors-22%-56%217TaiwanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors300CO2/capCO2/GDP15250MtCO220010tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP1501005500199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021288.15712.0700.24123.873M2020268.88411.2890.23223.818M2005267.40811.8310.36622.603M1990121.9656.0050.38920.312MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+322%+20%+8%-10%+7%Otherindustrial+32%-18%+6%combustion-4%+5%+10%+7%Buildings-2%+7%Transport+81%Othersectors+86%Allsectors+136%+8%218TajikistanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP2.52101.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP150.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202110.1261.0490.2669.656M20209.2100.9720.2649.475M20053.2810.4790.2516.854M199012.2712.3220.5685.284MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+37%+257%+14%+13%Otherindustrial+48%+12%combustion+917%+9%+133%+2%Buildings-72%+10%Transport+73%Othersectors+73%Allsectors-17%+209%219TanzaniaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors15CO2/capCO2/GDP0.250.2100.15MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.150.050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202113.4080.2070.08464.674M202012.5070.1990.08262.775M20055.9680.1510.09339.410M19902.1140.0830.06225.460MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+1185%+138%+12%+402%+9%Otherindustrial+497%-14%+7%combustion+66%+7%+236%+2%Buildings+39%+7%Transport+557%Othersectors+545%Allsectors+534%+125%220ThailandFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors300CO2/capCO2/GDP5250420031502100150MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021269.5673.8790.22069.498M2020265.8503.8300.22169.411M2005228.6323.4950.28465.425M199093.9971.6610.23456.583MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+215%+23%+3%+26%+3%Otherindustrial+325%-8%-1%combustion+14%-1%+8%+1%Buildings+71%+1%Transport+128%Othersectors+135%Allsectors+187%+18%221TheGambiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.6CO2/capCO2/GDP0.3MtCO20.40.2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.20.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.5580.2360.1012.360M20200.5170.2250.0992.293M20050.3660.2540.1071.444M19900.1500.1640.069916.808kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+279%+51%+8%+8%Otherindustrial+680%+168%+8%combustion+20%+8%+41%0%Buildings+143%+16%+8%Transport+256%Othersectors+96%Allsectors+271%+52%222Timor-LesteFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.8CO2/capCO2/GDP0.8MtCO20.60.6tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.40.40.20.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.5670.4020.1051.411M20200.5610.4060.1081.381M20050.3450.3360.1531.026M19900.0020.0030.001751.933k2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020+78%+4%Power+4%Industry+146%+4%+250%+4%Otherindustrial+326%-18%combustion-66%+1%BuildingsTransport+2718%OthersectorsAllsectors+28429%+64%223TogoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors3CO2/capCO2/GDP0.52.50.420.31.50.210.10.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20212.2560.2630.1238.585M20202.1210.2530.1228.384M20051.3290.2340.1505.683M19900.7660.2020.1133.787MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+252%+247%+8%+36%+8%Otherindustrial+412%-37%+8%combustion+84%+8%+76%+2%Buildings+109%+6%Transport+165%Othersectors+237%Allsectors+195%+70%224TongaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.2CO2/capCO2/GDP2MtCO20.151.5tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.110.050.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.1691.5090.254112.000k20200.1631.4680.243111.037k20050.1251.2330.232101.041k19900.0880.9230.24595.153kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+59%-15%+4%+17%+4%Otherindustrial+439%+67%+4%combustion+4%+104%+1%Buildings-55%+9%+4%Transport+205%Othersectors+30%Allsectors+92%+36%225TrinidadandTobagoFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors50CO2/capCO2/GDP4040303020201010MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202128.99521.0110.8451.380M202029.05721.0910.8381.378M200534.10726.2991.0401.297M199012.66810.3670.9941.222MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+82%-14%+3%-19%+2%Otherindustrial+91%-26%-5%combustion0%-9%-15%-1%Buildings+120%0%Transport+60%Othersectors+205%Allsectors+129%-15%226TunisiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors40CO2/capCO2/GDP32.5302MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP201.51100.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202131.7862.6450.25212.019M202027.5952.3180.22611.903M200523.4432.3200.25510.102M199014.7471.7910.3098.233MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+168%+71%+13%+17%+18%Otherindustrial+56%+6%+19%combustion+64%+21%+2%+4%Buildings+90%+15%Transport+203%Othersectors+59%Allsectors+116%+36%227TurkeyFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors500CO2/capCO2/GDP654004300320021001MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021449.7255.3210.16984.514M2020416.5144.9680.17483.836M2005244.7453.6040.19767.903M1990150.4282.7900.22153.922MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+319%+90%+6%+49%Otherindustrial+139%+81%+11%combustion+15%+109%Buildings+170%+113%+3%+6%Transport+178%+8%Othersectors+182%Allsectors+199%+84%228TurkmenistanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors100CO2/capCO2/GDP15801060MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP405200199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202183.32213.6210.8546.117M202072.33511.9940.7776.031M200553.00511.1481.9804.755M199045.63612.3881.7193.684MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+140%+108%+24%+12%+23%Otherindustrial+133%+60%+16%combustion+41%+11%+25%-14%Buildings+53%+15%Transport+26%Othersectors+511%Allsectors+83%+57%229TurksandCaicosIslandsFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.5CO2/capCO2/GDP150.4100.3MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0.250.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2486.7160.29837.000k20200.2236.0410.27336.953k20050.28510.7770.41526.448k19900.0141.2110.07511.552kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+2063%-50%+11%+11%Otherindustrial+3793%+281%+11%combustion+107%+11%+134%+2%Buildings+423%+294%+11%Transport+3889%OthersectorsAllsectors-13%230UgandaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8CO2/capCO2/GDP0.2MtCO260.15tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP40.120.050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20216.8160.1400.06648.698M20206.4660.1370.06547.188M20052.4030.0840.05828.544M19900.7090.0410.04517.439MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+681%+142%+7%+338%+7%Otherindustrial+1536%+95%+7%combustion+131%+7%+362%+2%Buildings+407%+5%Transport+646%Othersectors+2385%Allsectors+861%+184%231UkraineFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors800CO2/capCO2/GDP20MtCO260015tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP4001020050199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021185.4554.2770.34643.361M2020189.7184.3530.36643.579M2005353.1987.5320.66246.892M1990783.50115.2240.91951.464MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-79%-45%-3%-60%-3%Otherindustrial-85%-49%-7%combustion-16%+2%-50%+1%Buildings-71%-2%Transport-53%Othersectors-67%Allsectors-76%-47%232UnitedArabEmiratesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors250CO2/capCO2/GDP4020030150201001050MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021193.50719.4730.3029.937M2020189.33819.2940.3029.813M2005122.57726.7660.2944.580M199056.90130.5890.2791.860MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+435%+33%0%+89%0%Otherindustrial+153%combustion+319%+12%+51%+12%Buildings+81%+84%+2%Transport+203%+2%Othersectors+313%Allsectors+240%+58%233UnitedKingdomFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors600CO2/capCO2/GDP1250010MtCO24008tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP3006200410020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021335.3634.9540.10967.699M2020318.9234.7360.11167.334M2005562.0919.3240.21760.287M1990587.95310.2820.32957.183MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-67%-65%+5%-43%+5%Otherindustrial-49%-16%+5%combustion-25%+6%-22%0%Buildings-18%+5%Transport-17%Othersectors-38%Allsectors-43%-40%234UnitedStatesFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors8000CO2/capCO2/GDP252060001540001020005MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20214752.07914.2370.227333.783M20204464.10613.4690.225331.432M20055950.65520.1630.371295.130M19905067.48020.0670.502252.530MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-15%-36%+8%-10%+3%Otherindustrial-22%-9%+1%combustion-9%+1%+10%Buildings-7%0%Transport+15%+6%Othersectors-6%Allsectors-6%-20%235UruguayFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP32.58261.54120.5MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20216.7901.9370.0873.506M20206.2881.8000.0843.494M20055.5291.6630.1143.326M19903.9391.2660.1143.110MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-41%-76%+11%+33%+9%Otherindustrial+77%-7%+9%combustion+64%+8%+36%+1%Buildings-3%+8%Transport+146%Othersectors+63%Allsectors+72%+23%236UzbekistanFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors150CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP610045020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021125.6543.7340.46533.649M2020122.1543.6750.48633.236M2005121.3534.5771.27926.512M1990126.0106.1581.68820.462MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-7%+18%0%+46%Otherindustrial+693%-36%+5%combustion+22%+3%+19%+8%Buildings-54%0%Transport+93%+3%Othersectors+33%Allsectors0%+4%237VanuatuFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.25CO2/capCO2/GDP0.80.20.60.150.40.10.20.05MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP0199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2230.7430.251300.000k20200.2150.7320.243293.934k20050.0940.4480.158209.370k19900.1020.6940.243146.634kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+82%+51%+4%+4%Otherindustrial+516%+109%+4%combustion+197%+4%+263%+1%Buildings-48%+15%+4%Transport+249%Othersectors+59%Allsectors+119%+138%238VenezuelaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors200CO2/capCO2/GDP8MtCO21506tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10045020199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021104.6723.1190.18733.559M2020100.1573.0190.17933.172M2005156.1925.8320.36526.784M1990102.7375.1730.33519.862MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+42%+8%+8%-61%+8%Otherindustrial-37%-63%+7%combustion-39%+4%-1%Buildings-47%+61%+5%Transport-11%Othersectors+178%Allsectors+2%-33%239VietnamFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors400CO2/capCO2/GDP4MtCO23003tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP200210010199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr2021321.4133.2370.31199.284M2020322.0183.2740.32098.360M2005100.4321.1910.24784.309M199020.5250.3010.14668.210MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+3036%+530%0%+203%Otherindustrial+1187%-6%+1%combustion+63%-5%+151%-6%Buildings+303%+2%Transport+657%0%Othersectors+1595%Allsectors+1466%+220%240WesternSaharaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors0.3CO2/cap10.80.20.6MtCO2tCO2/cap0.40.10.20199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20210.2390.390n/a612.000k20200.1970.331n/a597.339k20050.2590.593n/a437.515k19900.1500.689n/a217.258kPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+39%-14%+21%+55%+21%Otherindustrial+188%-41%+21%combustion-7%+21%+9%-2%Buildings+6%+21%Transport+61%Othersectors+48%Allsectors+59%-8%241YemenFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors30CO2/capCO2/GDP1.525MtCO2201tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP15100.550199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202112.0470.3900.09830.911M202011.6080.3840.09430.245M200521.9891.0680.24120.583M19907.0950.5880.16612.057MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+84%-43%+4%-62%+1%Otherindustrial+353%-63%+4%combustion-44%+4%+2%+5%Buildings+175%+4%Transport-23%Othersectors+302%Allsectors+70%-45%242ZambiaFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors10CO2/capCO2/GDP0.580.4MtCO2tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP60.340.220.10199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr20217.0110.3640.11219.235M20206.6180.3540.11018.679M20052.4600.2040.08812.053M19903.0160.3760.1718.027MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry+2480%+4087%+7%+15%+7%Otherindustrial-26%+46%+7%combustion+95%+7%+306%+2%Buildings-13%+6%Transport+150%Othersectors+203%Allsectors+132%+185%243ZimbabweFossilCO2emissionsbysectorPowerIndustryOtherindustrialcombustionBuildingsTransportOthersectors20CO2/capCO2/GDP2MtCO2151.5tCO2/cap;tCO2/kUSDGDP10150.50199001992199419961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202021YearCO2emissionsCO2emissionspercapitaCO2emissionsperunitofGDPPPPPopulationMtCO2/yrtCO2/cap/yrtCO2/kUSD/yr202112.2930.6810.23318.060M202011.4430.6470.23017.680M200511.4100.8820.32412.940M199017.2111.6900.39610.183MPower2021vs19902021vs20052021vs2020Industry-2%+11%+7%-28%+7%Otherindustrial-75%-29%+7%combustion+81%+7%-2%+9%Buildings-63%+7%Transport+15%Othersectors+16%Allsectors-29%+8%244Annex7.CO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorbymacro-regionsThefollowingtenmacro-regions34arepresented:Africa,Asia-PacificDeveloped,EasternAsia,Eurasia,Europe,LatinAmericaandCaribbean,MiddleEast,NorthAmerica,South-EastAsiaanddevelopingPacific,SouthernAsia.ThefollowingLULUCFsectorsareincluded:ForestLand,Deforestation,OrganicSoil,OtherandFires.(34)MacroregionsclassificationfollowsthedefinitionusedintheSixthAssessmentReportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCCAR6).245AfricaCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther4DeforestationOrganicSoilNet2GtCO20-2-419901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)19961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820201990200020152020-1.962-1.093-0.405-0.483CountriesincludedinAfrica:Algeria;Angola;Benin;Botswana;BurkinaFaso;Burundi;CaboVerde;Cameroon;CentralAfricanRepublic;Chad;Comoros;Congo;Côted’Ivoire;DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo;Djibouti;Egypt;EquatorialGuinea;Eritrea;Eswatini;Ethiopia;Gabon;Ghana;Guinea;Guinea-Bissau;Kenya;Lesotho;Liberia;Libya;Madagascar;Malawi;Mali;Mauritania;Mauritius;Morocco;Mozambique;Namibia;Niger;Nigeria;Rwanda;Réunion;SaintHelena,AscensionandTristandaCunha;Senegal;Seychelles;SierraLeone;Somalia;SouthAfrica;SudanandSouthSudan;SãoToméandPríncipe;Tanzania;TheGambia;Togo;Tunisia;Uganda;WesternSahara;Zambia;Zimbabwe.246Asia-PacificDevelopedCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther1.5DeforestationOrganicSoilNet1GtCO20.50-0.5-119901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)19961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820201990200020152020-0.0710.204-0.038-0.283CountriesincludedinAsia-PacificDeveloped:Australia;Japan;NewZealand.247EasternAsiaCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther0.5DeforestationOrganicSoilNet0GtCO2-0.5-1-1.5-219901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)19961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820201990200020152020-1.381-1.400-1.609-1.508CountriesincludedinEasternAsia:China;HongKong;Macao;Mongolia;NorthKorea;SouthKorea;Taiwan.248EurasiaCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther1DeforestationOrganicSoilNet0.50GtCO2-0.5-1-1.5-21990199219941996199820002002200420062008201020122014201620182020Year1990200020152020Netflux(GtCO2/yr)-0.849-1.124-1.442-1.332CountriesincludedinEurasia:Armenia;Azerbaijan;Belarus;Georgia;Kazakhstan;Kyrgyzstan;Moldova;NorthMacedonia;Russia;SerbiaandMontenegro;Tajikistan;Turkmenistan;Uzbekistan.249EuropeCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther0.5DeforestationOrganicSoilNet0GtCO2-0.5-119901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)19961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820201990200020152020-0.593-0.574-0.520-0.478CountriesincludedinEurope:Albania;Austria;Belgium;BosniaandHerzegovina;Bulgaria;Croatia;Cyprus;Czechia;Denmark;Estonia;Faroes;Finland;FranceandMonaco;Germany;Gibraltar;Greece;Hungary;Iceland;Ireland;Italy,SanMarinoandtheHolySee;Latvia;Lithuania;Luxembourg;Malta;Netherlands;Norway;Poland;Portugal;Romania;Slovakia;Slovenia;SpainandAndorra;Sweden;SwitzerlandandLiechtenstein;Turkey;Ukraine;UnitedKingdom.250LatinAmericaandCaribbeanCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther3DeforestationOrganicSoilNet2GtCO210-1-219901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018202019902000201520200.9341.3410.1150.222CountriesincludedinLatinAmericaandCaribbean:Anguilla;AntiguaandBarbuda;Argentina;Aruba;Bahamas;Barbados;Belize;Bolivia;Brazil;BritishVirginIslands;CaymanIslands;Chile;Colombia;CostaRica;Cuba;Curaçao;Dominica;DominicanRepublic;Ecuador;ElSalvador;FalklandIslands;FrenchGuiana;Grenada;Guadeloupe;Guatemala;Guyana;Haiti;Honduras;Jamaica;Martinique;Mexico;Nicaragua;Panama;Paraguay;Peru;PuertoRico;SaintKittsandNevis;SaintLucia;SaintVincentandtheGrenadines;Suriname;TrinidadandTobago;TurksandCaicosIslands;Uruguay;Venezuela.251MiddleEastCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther0.15DeforestationOrganicSoilNet0.1GtCO20.050-0.0519901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018202019902000201520200.0900.0930.0910.094CountriesincludedinMiddleEast:Bahrain;Iran;Iraq;IsraelandPalestine,Stateof;Jordan;Kuwait;Lebanon;Oman;Qatar;SaudiArabia;Syria;UnitedArabEmirates;Yemen.252NorthAmericaCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther1DeforestationOrganicSoilNet0GtCO2-1-2-319901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)19961998200020022004200620082010201220142016201820201990200020152020-1.721-1.741-1.986-2.180CountriesincludedinNorthAmerica:Bermuda;Canada;Greenland;SaintPierreandMiquelon;UnitedStates.253South-EastAsiaanddevelopingPacificCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther1.5DeforestationOrganicSoilNet1GtCO20.50-0.519901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018202019902000201520201.2000.9291.1361.141CountriesincludedinSouth-EastAsiaanddevelopingPacific:Brunei;Cambodia;CookIslands;Fiji;FrenchPolynesia;Indonesia;Kiribati;Laos;Malaysia;Myanmar/Burma;NewCaledonia;Palau;PapuaNewGuinea;Philippines;Samoa;Singapore;SolomonIslands;Thailand;Timor-Leste;Tonga;Vanuatu;Vietnam.254SouthernAsiaCO2emissionsandremovalsfromLULUCFsectorForestLandFiresOther1.5DeforestationOrganicSoilNet1GtCO20.50-0.519901992Year1994Netflux(GtCO2/yr)199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018202019902000201520200.8290.9090.9050.874CountriesincludedinSouthernAsia:Afghanistan;Bangladesh;Bhutan;India;Maldives;Nepal;Pakistan;SriLanka.255DisclaimerThispublicationpresentsthefossilCO2emissionsfromallcountriesandCO2LULUCFforEU27andbymacro-regionswithoutanyprejudicetothestatusorsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundariesandtothenameofanyterritory.CountrynamesareconsistentwiththeInterinstitutionalStyleGuideoftheEuropeanCommissionavailableathttp://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-370100.htm,the“Shortname”definitionlistedinthe"Listofcountries,territoriesandcurrencies"tableathttp://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-5000500.htmhasbeenused(updatedat20/07/2021).256GETTINGINTOUCHWITHTHEEUInpersonAllovertheEuropeanUniontherearehundredsofEuropeDirectcentres.Youcanfindtheaddressofthecentrenearestyouonline(european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_en).OnthephoneorinwritingEuropeDirectisaservicethatanswersyourquestionsabouttheEuropeanUnion.Youcancontactthisservice:—byfreephone:0080067891011(certainoperatorsmaychargeforthesecalls),—atthefollowingstandardnumber:+3222999696,—viathefollowingform:european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/write-us_en.FINDINGINFORMATIONABOUTTHEEUOnlineInformationabouttheEuropeanUnioninalltheofficiallanguagesoftheEUisavailableontheEuropawebsite(european-union.europa.eu).EUpublicationsYoucanviewororderEUpublicationsatop.europa.eu/en/publications.MultiplecopiesoffreepublicationscanbeobtainedbycontactingEuropeDirectoryourlocaldocumentationcentre(european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_en).EUlawandrelateddocumentsForaccesstolegalinformationfromtheEU,includingallEUlawsince1951inalltheofficiallanguageversions,gotoEUR-Lex(eur-lex.europa.eu).OpendatafromtheEUTheportaldata.europa.euprovidesaccesstoopendatasetsfromtheEUinstitutions,bodiesandagencies.Thesecanbedownloadedandreusedforfree,forbothcommercialandnon-commercialpurposes.TheportalalsoprovidesaccesstoawealthofdatasetsfromEuropeancountries.

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