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PAS 2080:2023

Carbon management in buildings

and infrastructure

Publishing and copyright information

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was

last issued.

Published by BSI Standards Limited 2023

ISBN 978 0 539 18034 3

ICS 13.020.01

No copying without BSI permission except as permitted by copyright law.

Publication history

First published May 2016

Second edition March 2023

PAS 2080:2023

Contents

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................................ iii

Executive summary .............................................................................................................................................................. v

0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

4 Decarbonization principles ............................................................................................................................................ 13

5 Leadership ...................................................................................................................................................................... 17

6 Integrating carbon management into decision-making ............................................................................................. 19

7 Whole life carbon assessment principles to support decision-making ...................................................................... 24

8 Target setting and baselines ......................................................................................................................................... 26

9 Monitoring and reporting ............................................................................................................................................. 29

10 Procurement ................................................................................................................................................................. 31

11 Continual improvement .............................................................................................................................................. 34

12 Claims of conformity ................................................................................................................................................... 36

Annexes

Annex A (informative)

Categories of emissions and removals to aid

decision-making for reducing whole life carbon ............................................................................................................ 39

Annex B (informative)

Applying the carbon management process ..................................................................................................................... 46

Annex C (informative)

Guidance for government, regulators and financiers .................................................................................................... 49

Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................................... 53

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PAS2080:2023CarbonmanagementinbuildingsandinfrastructurePublishingandcopyrightinformationTheBSIcopyrightnoticedisplayedinthisdocumentindicateswhenthedocumentwaslastissued.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PublishedbyBSIStandardsLimited2023ISBN9780539180343ICS13.020.01NocopyingwithoutBSIpermissionexceptaspermittedbycopyrightlaw.PublicationhistoryFirstpublishedMay2016SecondeditionMarch2023PAS2080:2023ContentsForeword.............................................................................................................................................................................iiiExecutivesummary...............................................................................................................................................................v0Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................vi1Scope..................................................................................................................................................................................12Normativereferences.......................................................................................................................................................43Termsanddefinitions.......................................................................................................................................................54Decarbonizationprinciples.............................................................................................................................................135Leadership.......................................................................................................................................................................176Integratingcarbonmanagementintodecision-making..............................................................................................197Wholelifecarbonassessmentprinciplestosupportdecision-making.......................................................................248Targetsettingandbaselines..........................................................................................................................................269Monitoringandreporting..............................................................................................................................................2910Procurement..................................................................................................................................................................3111Continualimprovement...............................................................................................................................................3412Claimsofconformity....................................................................................................................................................36AnnexesAnnexA(informative)Categoriesofemissionsandremovalstoaiddecision-makingforreducingwholelifecarbon.............................................................................................................39AnnexB(informative)Applyingthecarbonmanagementprocess......................................................................................................................46AnnexC(informative)Guidanceforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciers.....................................................................................................49Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................................................53©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023iPAS2080:2023ListoffiguresFigure1–Relationshipsbetweenvaluechainmembersacrossassets,networksandsystems......................................ixFigure2–Unifyingworkstagesforprojectsandprogrammesofwork..........................................................................xFigure3–Valuechainmembersinthebuiltenvironmentandtheirrolesincarbonmanagement..............................2Figure4–PAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-making........................................................................13Figure5–Carbonreductionhierarchy.............................................................................................................................16Figure6–ThePAS2080carbonmanagementprocess....................................................................................................20Figure7–Degreeofaccuracyanddataavailabilityinwholelifecarbonassessmentsacrossworkstages.................25ListoftablesTable1–PAS2080scope.....................................................................................................................................................1TableA.1–Typicalemissionsandremovalsourcesinbuildingsandinfrastructuretotakeintoaccountwhenmanagingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevel............................................................................39TableA.2–Typicalemissionsandremovalcategoriestosupportdecision-makingformanagingwholelifecarbonbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaryatthenetworkorsystemlevel...................................................................43TableB.1–Carbonmanagementprocessappliedtoaprojectorprogrammeofworkacrossworkstages................47TableC.1–Keyareasforsupportfromgovernmentandregulators.............................................................................50TableC.2–Keyareasforsupportfromfinanciers...........................................................................................................51ii©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023ForewordTherevisionofthisPASwascommissionedbytheGreenConstructionBoardInfrastructureWorkingGroupaspartoftheConstructionLeadershipCouncil.ItsdevelopmentwassponsoredbytheInstitutionofCivilEngineersandfundedby:•AnglianWaterServicesLtd•InstitutionofCivilEngineers•Arcadis•IPA•Arup•Jacobs•Atkins•MottMacDonald•Costain•Stantec•DepartmentforTransport•UKCARES•EnvironmentAgency•WSPintheUKItsdevelopmentwasfacilitatedbyBSIStandardsLimitedanditwaspublishedunderlicencefromTheBritishStandardsInstitution.Itcameintoeffecton31March2023.AcknowledgementisgiventoMottMacDonaldandArup,whoprovidedtechnicalauthors,andthefollowingorganizationsthatwereinvolvedinthedevelopmentofthisPASasmembersoftheSteeringGroup:•AllianceforSustainableBuildingProducts•NationalGrid•AnglianWater•ScottishGovernment•Arup•Skanska•DepartmentforEnergySecurityandNetZero•Stantec•DepartmentforTransport•TargetingZeroLLP•EnvironmentAgency•TarmacLtd•HS2•UCL•InstitutionofCivilEngineers•WSPintheUK•MottMacDonaldAcknowledgementisalsogiventothemembersofawiderreviewpanelwhowereconsultedinthedevelopmentofthisPAS.TheBritishStandardsInstitutionretainsownershipandcopyrightofthisPAS.BSIStandardsLimitedasthepublisherofthePASreservestherighttowithdraworamendthisPASonreceiptofauthoritativeadvicethatitisappropriatetodoso.ThisPASwillbereviewedatintervalsnotexceedingtwoyears.ThisPASisnottoberegardedasaBritishStandard.ItwillbewithdrawnintheeventitissupersededbyaBritishStandard.ThePASprocessenablesastandardtoberapidlydevelopedinordertofulfilanimmediatestakeholderneed.APAScanbeconsideredforfurtherdevelopmentasaBritishStandard,orconstitutepartoftheUKinputintothedevelopmentofaEuropeanorInternationalStandard.SupersessionPAS2080:2023supersedesPAS2080:2016,whichiswithdrawn.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023iiiPAS2080:2023InformationaboutthisdocumentThisisafullrevisionofthePAS,andintroducesthefollowingprincipalchanges.•Expandedscopetoincludeallthebuiltenvironment(buildingsandinfrastructure),withafocusonbehavioursandgoodpracticeprinciplesintendedtocomplementexistingstandards/guidance.•Clarificationstotheroleofvaluechainmemberswithcontrolofandinfluenceonwholelifecarboninthecontextofanetzerotransitionandsystems-levelchange.•Increasedemphasisonawholelifecarbon,alignedwitha1.5°Cglobalwarming,circulareconomyprinciples,andtheurgentneedtodecarbonizesystems,networksandassets,whilebalancingcapitalcarboninvestmentwithoperationalanduserbenefit.•Inclusionofrequirementsspecifictoprocurementandtoaiddecision-makinginprojectsandprogrammesofwork.•Considerationofotherdemandsandco-benefitswhenmanagingcarbon,suchasclimateadaptationandbiodiversitynetgain.•Moreemphasisontheimportanceofleadership,governanceandcollaborationacrossthevaluechainandbeyond,includingguidanceforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciers.•Featurestoencourageconsistentapproachesacrossthebuiltenvironmentindustrytocollectivelymanagewholelifecarbonandsupportthenetzerotransition,whilenotconflictingwithotherexistingstandards,accreditationschemes,procurementnotices,orsimilar.Thispublicationcanbewithdrawn,revised,partiallysupersededorsuperseded.InformationregardingthestatusofthispublicationcanbefoundintheStandardsCatalogueontheBSIwebsiteatbsigroup.com/standards,orbycontactingtheCustomerServicesteam.Wherewebsitesandwebpageshavebeencited,theyareprovidedforeaseofreferenceandarecorrectatthetimeofpublication.Thelocationofawebpageorwebsite,oritscontents,cannotbeguaranteed.UseofthisdocumentIthasbeenassumedinthepreparationofthisPASthattheexecutionofitsprovisionswillbeentrustedtoappropriatelyqualifiedandexperiencedpeople,forwhoseuseithasbeenproduced.PresentationalconventionsTheprovisionsofthisPASarepresentedinroman(i.e.upright)type.Itsrequirementsareexpressedinsentencesinwhichtheprincipalauxiliaryverbis“shall”.Commentary,explanationandgeneralinformativematerialispresentedinsmalleritalictype,anddoesnotconstituteanormativeelement.Wherewordshavealternativespellings,thepreferredspellingoftheShorterOxfordEnglishDictionaryisused(e.g.“organization”ratherthan“organisation”).ContractualandlegalconsiderationsThispublicationhasbeenpreparedingoodfaith,howevernorepresentation,warranty,assuranceorundertaking(expressorimplied)isorwillbemade,andnoresponsibilityorliabilityisorwillbeacceptedbyBSIinrelationtotheadequacy,accuracy,completenessorreasonablenessofthispublication.Allandanysuchresponsibilityandliabilityisexpresslydisclaimedtothefullextentpermittedbythelaw.Thispublicationisprovidedasis,andistobeusedattherecipient’sownrisk.Therecipientisadvisedtoconsiderseekingprofessionalguidancewithrespecttoitsuseofthispublication.Thispublicationisnotintendedtoconstituteacontract.Usersareresponsibleforitscorrectapplication.CompliancewithaPAScannotconferimmunityfromlegalobligations.iv©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023ExecutivesummaryAtatimeofaglobalclimateemergencyandwithaninternationalagreementtotransitiontoanetzerocarboneconomybyorbefore2050,PAS2080outlinesacarbonmanagementprocessthatisapplicableacrossbothinfrastructureandbuildings,recognizingthattheyhavekeycommonalitiesandarepartofaninterconnectedsystem–thebuiltenvironment.ByfollowingthePAS2080approach,valuechainmembersacrossthebuiltenvironmentcanworkcollaborativelytowardsthecommongoalofnetzerocarbontransitionandachievethefollowingoutcomes:•alignbuildingsandinfrastructureprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,attheasset,networkorsystemlevel,tothenetzerotransitionbyorbefore2050,andthereforecontributetolimitingglobalwarmingto1.5°C,asperParisClimateAgreement2015;•reducecarbonandincreasevalueacrossthewholelifeofbuildingsandinfrastructure;and•removesilosandcreatecollaborativewaysofworkingthatpromoteinnovation,encouragepositivechangeforsocietyandsupporteconomicdevelopment.The2013Infrastructurecarbonreview[1]recognizedtheopportunitytocreatewiderbenefitsthroughmanagingcarboninaconsistentmanneracrossthevaluechain.PAS2080wasfirstpublishedin2016andoutlinesapracticalprocesstorealizelow-carbonoutcomes.Itsprinciplesandclaimsofconformityhavebeenadoptedbyseveralinfrastructureorganizationsand,increasingly,developersandlocalauthorities.Targetedatleadersandallmembersofvaluechainorganizations(assetowners/managers,designers,constructorsandproduct/materialsuppliers)responsiblefordeliveringbuiltassetsandnetworks,PAS2080providesacommonprocessforthebuiltenvironmentvaluechainonhowtomanagewholelifecarboninprojectsandprogrammesofwork.PAS2080promotesreducedcarbon,increasedvaluedelivery,morecollaborativewaysofworking,andacultureofchallengingconventionandtraditionalpracticefordecarbonization.PAS2080includesrequirementsforallvaluechainmemberstoshowleadershipandestablisheffectivegovernancemechanismsforreducingwholelifecarbonthroughacommonmanagementprocess.Theindividualvaluechainrequirementsarestructuredaround:•effectiveleadership;•maximizingopportunitiesforwholelifecarbonreductionsatallstagesofthedeliveryprocess;•selectingappropriatecarbonemissionsassessmentmethodologies;•settingappropriatecarbonreductiontargets;•determiningbaselinesagainstwhichtoassesscarbonreductions;•establishingmetrics(e.g.keyperformanceindicators–KPIs)forcrediblecarbonemissionsmonitoringandreporting;•integratingcarbonmanagementintoprocurement;and•continualimprovementofcarbonmanagementandperformance.PAS2080alsosetsoutguidanceforothervaluechainmembers–government,regulatorsandfinanciers–toillustratethekeyrolestheseorganizationsplayinthenetzerotransition,particularlytochangebehaviours.ThesearepresentedinAnnexC.ThePASissupplementedbytheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080,whichprovidesfurtherpracticalguidanceonhowtoimplementthedifferentrequirementsofthisPASandaddressescurrentgoodpracticethroughworkedexamplesandcasestudies.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023vPAS2080:20230Introduction0.1TheaimofPAS2080PAS2080isaspecificationforwholelifecarbonmanagementwhendeliveringprojectsandprogrammesinthebuiltenvironment.ThePASsupportsthetransitiontoanetzerocarboneconomyby2050andrequiresclosecollaborationacrossvaluechainmembers.Itdefinestheircontributiontowardsthenetzerotransitionbydevelopingandimplementing,inacollaborativemanner,thePAS2080carbonmanagementprocess.0.2Buildings,infrastructure,andgreenhousegasemissionsRecently,therehasbeenastepchangeinpoliticalandpublicperceptionoftheimpactsfromclimatechangeandenvironmentaldegradation.TheurgencyforactionhasbeenuniversallyagreedwiththeCOP21ParisAgreement.Atthetimeofwriting(2023),nationalgovernmentsandtheprivatesectoraregearingupfortransitioningtoanetzerocarbonworldbyorbefore2050thatisalsoresilienttotheunavoidablechangingclimateandenhancesbiodiversitynetgain.Consequently,thechallengeforbuildingsandinfrastructure(alsoreferredtoas“builtenvironment”inthisdocument)hasshifted:workoneveryexistingandnewassetneedstocontributetowardstheurgenttransitiontonetzerocarbon.Thisrequiresastep-changetransformationatthesystemlevel,drivencollaborativelybyallvaluechainmembers.Todate,carbonmanagementinbuildingsandinfrastructurehasbeenlargelymanagedseparately.Thereareindustrydifferencesinterminologyusedtodescribeemissionssources(e.g.,capitalvsembodiedcarbon)andtheirmateriality;therearedifferentstandardsthatbuildingsandinfrastructureprofessionalsusetoassesswholelifecarbon;anddifferentdefinitionsforthestagesofdeliveringprojectsandprogrammeswork,amongotherdifferences.Therehasalsobeenlimitedunderstandingofthecarbonimplicationsoflandusechange,circulareconomyprinciples,andthelossofecosystemsandbiodiversehabitats.WhilePAS2080recognizessuchdifferencesininfrastructureandbuildings,astheWorldGreenBuildingCouncilpointsout,“infrastructureandbuildingssharekeycommonalitiesandareinterdependentinuse–itisimportantthatweconsiderthemtogetheraspartofasystem”[2].Accordingly,decarbonizationshouldbecarriedoutinalignmentwithnetzerotransition.Tobetteralignthewaydecarbonizationismanagedinbuildingsandinfrastructure,PAS2080setssomeoverarchingprinciplestodrivewholelifecarbonreduction,focusingonbehavioursandgoodpracticesinsteadofspecificscoveredelsewhere.Sometermsthatareusedtodescribesourcesofemissions,forexample,mightmorebefamiliartobuildingspractitioners,whileothertermsmightbemorefamiliartoinfrastructurepractitioners.Toprovideclarityandavoidduplication,thetermsanddefinitionsuseinthisPASaredefinedinClause3.TheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1]andPAS2080:2016focusedonthewholelifecarbonofalleconomicinfrastructureanddifferentiatedbetweencarboninthecontrolandinfluenceofassetowners/managers.Sincethen,thedecarbonizationprincipleshavecontinuedtomature.ThereviewoftheUK’sprogressondecarbonization,publishedalmosteightyearsaftertheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1],accentuatedtheneedforthefollowingactions(whichhavedirectlyinformedthescopeofPAS2080:2023):•focusingonwholelifecarbonbothwithinthecontrolandinfluenceofassetowners/managers,notjustincreatingassets,butalsointheirfutureoperationanduse;•consideringassetsaspartofcomplex,interconnectednetworksandsystems;•takingintoaccountandintegratingthecarbonimplicationsofclimateresilience,environmentalregenerationandbiodiversity;and•recognizingthatmostofthebuiltenvironmentexpectedtoexistin2050isalreadybuiltandhaslockedinhighcarbonbehaviours,hencetheneedforretrofittingtodecarbonizeestablishedbuiltenvironmentsystems.vi©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20230.3FromassetstonetworksandsystemsInthecontextofanetzerotransition,itisessentialthatdecarbonizationisaddressedfromthesystemleveldownwardsandthroughclosecollaborationacrossthevaluechain.PAS2080acknowledgesthissystemsapproachwhensettingoutcarbonmanagementrequirementsandrecognizesitistypicallygovernmentsandregulatorswhohavethegreatestcontrolatthesystemlevel–and,insomespecificcases,majorassetowners/managers.Figure1graphicallyoutlinesthenestedrelationshipofanassetwithinanetworkandawidersystem,andthelevelofcontrolandinfluenceeachmemberofthevaluechainhastodrivewholelifecarbonreductions,recognizingthatprojectsandprogrammesofworkcanbeundertakenateachlevel.PAS2080alsorecognizesthatwholelifecarbonassessmentisanessentialpartofmanagingtoreducecarbon.ClarificationisprovidedinClause4andworkedexamplesintheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080todrivetherightbehavioursandprinciplesfordecarbonizationbyallvaluechainmembers.Figure1–Relationshipsbetweenvaluechainmembersacrossassets,networksandsystemsKeyControlInfluenceNOTEAbuildingorinfrastructureassetispartofanetwork,whichinturnispartofasystem.Thecontrolofdecision-makingsitswithdifferentmembersofthevaluechain,butsomeofthemoftenhavegreaterabilitytoinfluencedecarbonization,dependingonthelevelatwhichtheyareoperating.0.4Decarbonization,resilienceandenvironmentalrestorationInstrivingfornetzero,itisimportantthatthevaluechain,especiallyassetowners/managers,recognizethecomplexinterdependenciesandsynergiesbetweendecarbonization,otheremergencies(e.g.,climateadaptation,biodiversityloss),aswellasthesocialandeconomicprioritiesineachcontext.Itisimportantthatprojectsandprogrammesofworkinthebuiltenvironmentaddressthesechallengesinaholisticway.ThecarbonmanagementprocessoutlinedinPAS2080providesasystematicwaytoallowvaluechainmemberstoplacetherelevantcriteria(forthefuturebenefitofourplanetandsociety)atthecentreofdecision-making.FurtherclarificationonhowtoconsidertheseaspectsaspartofthecarbonmanagementprocessisincludedinClause4andClause6,andinworkedexamplesprovidedinGuidancedocumentforPAS2080.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023viiPAS2080:20230.5ConsistencyinthebuiltenvironmentAdoptingconsistentlanguageacrossdifferentsectorswillhelpwithresonatingtheprinciplesofthecarbonmanagementprocesswithallvaluechainmembersandstakeholders.Figure2proposesaunifyingapproachtocomparewell-establishedworkstagesininfrastructureandbuildings,andindicatestheterminologyusedinthisdocument.Figure2–UnifyingworkstagesforprojectsandprogrammesofworkKeyPAS2080:2023BS8536:2022RIBAPlanofWorkNOTEThisfigureintroducesworkstagesinPAS2080thataresimilartothoseoftheValueToolkit(developedbytheConstructionInnovationHub)[4].Forthepurposesofthisdocument,thesestagesmaptotheworkstagesofinfrastructure(adaptedfromBS8536:2022,withanadditional“end-of-life”stage)andtheworkstagesofthebuiltenvironment(PlanofWork[5]developedbytheRoyalInstituteofBritishArchitects),asshown.Thereareothersector-specificdefinitionsofworkstagesthatdifferfromthoseshowninFigure2,butthisisnotenoughtohindervaluechainmembersfromimplementingacarbonmanagementprocess.viii©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20231ScopeThisPASspecifiesrequirementsforthemanagementofwholelifecarboninbuildingsandinfrastructure–intheprovision,operation,useandendoflifeofnewprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,aswellasthemanagementorretrofitofexistingassetsandnetworks.PAS2080isaspecificationto:a)alignthebuiltenvironmentwiththetransitiontoanetzerocarboneconomyby2050;b)encouragewideruptakeofcarbonmanagementacrossthebuiltenvironment;c)promoteclosecollaborationbetweenallmembersofthevaluechain;d)recognizetheimportanceofsystemsintransitioningtonetzero,clarifyingtheroleofeachvaluechainmembertocontrolandinfluencedecision-making;e)streamlineconsiderationofinfluencingcarbonbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaries;f)emphasizetheimportanceofthecarbonreductionhierarchyforwholelifecarbonreduction;g)takeintoaccountwholelifecarbonandcirculareconomyprincipleswhendelivering/operatingnewormaintaining/repurposing/retrofittingexistingassets/networks;andh)integrateco-benefitsandotheremergencies/prioritiesaspartofthecarbonmanagementanddecision-makingprocesses.ThescopeofthePASissummarizedinTable1.Table1–PAS2080scopePAS2080isaboutPAS2080isnotaboutManagingcarbontoreducewholelifeemissionsinthebuiltHowtoconductadetailedappraisalofenvironment,alignedwiththenetzerocarbontransitionandwidersustainabilityorenvironmentalrecognizingtheimportanceofbalancingclimateadaptationandaspects1).circulareconomyprinciplestobringwiderco-benefits.Consistencyintheprocessofcarbonmanagement,includingPrescriptivegreenhousegas(GHG)targetsetting,opportunitiesidentification,assessment,usequantification/assessmentmethodologiesofdata,procurement,continuousimprovement,monitoring,anddatagathering,asthisisalreadyreporting,leadership,governanceandcollaborationforaddressedinotherstandards/specifications.decarbonization.Consistencyinframingwholelifecarbonreduction,bothwithinGHGreportingagainstnationalaccountsorthecontrolandinfluenceofthevaluechain.acompliancemethodology.Decarbonizationforincreasingvalue:drivingwholelifecarbonWholelifecostmanagementorreductionthatiscompatiblewiththenetzerocarbontransition.prescriptiveguidanceonhowtomanagedecarbonizationatnationallevel.Demonstratingcapabilityforintegratingcarbonindecision-OrganizationalorcorporateESGmakingwhendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,(environmental,socialandgovernance)whetheratasset,networkorsystemlevel.certification.1)Whilethisstandardisnotaboutenvironmentalorsustainabilityappraisals,itisimportantthatthecarbonimplicationsofclimateadaptation,biodiversitynetgainandnature-basedsolutionsarefullytakenintoaccountinthedelivery,operation,useandendoflifeofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.Failingtoevaluatethemtogethermightriskconflictandunintendedconsequencesacrossthesystems.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution20231PAS2080:2023Table1–PAS2080scopePAS2080isnotaboutPAS2080isaboutSettingprescriptiveregulatoryorinvestorrequirementsandKPIs.Highlightingtheimportanceofgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciersinimplementingdecarbonizationinprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.Theconceptsofsystemsthinkingandco-benefits(e.g.,climateadaptation,nature-basedsolutions)arebeingcontinuallyrefinedandapplied.AlthoughPAS2080isfocusedoncarbonmanagement,itrecognizestheimportance(forallvaluechainmembers)ofaddressingtheseconceptsinthecontextofaprojectorprogrammeofworkandtheassociatedrisksorco-benefitsofanyintervention(seeClause4forfurthercontextandGuidancedocumentforPAS2080forworkedexamples).Althoughassetowners/managershavetheprimaryresponsibilityforimplementingacarbonmanagementprocess,allvaluechainmembersshareresponsibilityforthemanagementoftheassociatedcarbonemissionsandremovalsduringthedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.Assetowners/managerscanonlyrealizetheintendedreductionswithinafullyintegratedvaluechaininvolvingdesigners,constructorsandproduct/materialsuppliers,togetherwithregulatorsandfinancierswhoinfluenceclimate-relatedpolicy,planningandregulation.Figure3reflectstherelationshipsacrossthevaluechaininthebuiltenvironmentandtheirrolesincarbonmanagement.WhilePAS2080doesnotsetrequirementsforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciers,thisrevisionacknowledgestheirimportanceininfluencingdecision-makinginthebuiltenvironmentbyprovidingadditionalguidance,inAnnexC,ontheroletheycanplayinthenetzerotransition.Figure3–ValuechainmembersinthebuiltenvironmentandtheirrolesincarbonmanagementValuechainmembersSubjecttoPAS2080scopeofrequirementsNotsubjecttoPAS2080scopeofrequirementsbutguidancegiveninAnnexCNotsubjecttoPAS2080scopeofrequirementsNOTEOtherstakeholderswhohaveinfluenceoncarbonreductionbutarenotsubjecttotherequirementsofthePASinclude,amongothers,lettingagencies,academiaandquantitysurveyors.2©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023Tohelpeachvaluechainmembercontributeeffectively,theresponsibilitiessetoutineachclauseofthisPASarearrangedunderthefollowingheadings.1)Requirementsforallvaluechainmembers.2)Assetowner/managerrequirements.3)Designerrequirements.4)Constructorrequirements.5)Product/materialsupplierrequirements.Practitionerrolesineachvaluechainmemberincludestrategicplanning,procurement,design,construction,operation,maintenance,useandendoflife.ThePASincludesrequirementsfordevelopingacarbonmanagementprocessbuiltaroundthefollowingcomponents.i)Decarbonizationprinciples(Clause4).ii)Leadership(Clause5).iii)Integratingcarbonmanagementintodecision-making(Clause6).iv)Wholelifecarbonassessmentprinciplestosupportdecision-making(Clause7).v)Targetsettingandbaselines(Clause8).vi)Monitoringandreporting(Clause9).vii)Procurement(Clause10).viii)Continualimprovement(Clause11).ix)Claimsofconformity(Clause12).InadditiontotheclausesofthisPAS,theinformativeannexesincludeguidelinesonthefollowingtopics.•Categoriesofemissionsandremovalstoaiddecision-makingforreducingwholelifecarbon(AnnexA).•Applyingthecarbonmanagementprocess(AnnexB).•Guidanceforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciers(AnnexC).TosuccessfullyclaimconformitywiththerequirementsofthisPAS,eachvaluechainmemberisrequiredtodeclaretherole(s)theyundertake(fromtheaboveresponsibilitieslist).Theycanthendemonstrateconformitywiththeclausesunderthe“requirementsforallvaluechainmembers”headingandthoseunderotherheadingspertainingtotheirrole(s)–refertoClause12forfurtherdetails.Toachieveconformity,valuechainmembersaretoevidencerelevantorganizationalcapabilityappropriatetothepoint(s)ofdeliveryatwhichtheyareinvolved.ThisincludesalignmentwiththeprinciplesoutlinedinClause4anddemonstratingtheircapabilitytodeliverdecarbonizationinthebuiltenvironment.NOTEValuechainmemberscanclaimconformitywithPAS2080as:•anassetowner/manager;•adesigner;•aconstructor;or•aproduct/materialsupplier©TheBritishStandardsInstitution20233PAS2080:20232NormativereferencesTherearenonormativereferencesinthisdocument.4©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20233TermsanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisPAS,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.3.1activitysetofactionsthatconsumetimeandresourcesandwhoseperformanceisnecessarytoachieve,orcontributeto,therealizationofoneormoreoutcomes[SOURCE:PDISO/IECTR24766:2009,3.1]3.2activitydatadatabasedonaunitquantityofinputoroutputofthestudiedsystemoraprocesswithinitNOTEActivitydatacanbeaphysicalquantitysuchasmass(kg),aunitofcost(£),oraunitofenergy(kWh).3.3assetphysicalentityformingpartofanetworkand/orsystemthathaspotentialoractualvaluetoanorganizationanditsstakeholdersNOTEForthepurposeofthisdocument,buildingsareregardedasassets.Theyareservicedbyinfrastructurenetworks,whichcombinedformdifferentsystemsaspartofthebuiltenvironment.3.4assetowner/managerorganizationthatmanagesandisresponsibleforproviding,operatingandmaintainingabuildingsandinfrastructurenetworkorasset(s)NOTETypicallytheassetowner/manageristheassetowner,butonoccasionanassetowner/managermightalsobetheorganizationchargedwithoperatingbuildingsorinfrastructure,aprojectsponsor,aserviceprovider,adeveloper,afinancier,theentityundertakingprojectworks,ortheorganizationchargedwithprovidingservicesfrombuildingsandinfrastructure.3.5baselinescenarioforwhatcarbonemissionsandremovalswouldhavebeenintheabsenceofplannedmeasuresaimingtoreduceemissionsNOTEEmissionsandremovalsareseparatepartsofthebaselineandcalculationofemissionsreductiononlyreferstothebaselineemissions.3.6buildingstructure,usuallyenclosedbywallsandaroof,constructedtoprovidesupportorshelterforintendedoccupancy[SOURCE:BSISO19880-1:2020,3.7]3.7builtenvironmentcollectionofhuman-madeorinducedphysicalobjectslocatedinaparticularareaorregionNOTEWhentreatedasawhole,thebuiltenvironmenttypicallyistakentoincludebuildings,externalworks(landscapedareas),infrastructure,andtheproductsofconstructionworkswithintheareaunderconsideration.[SOURCE:BSISO15392:2019,3.5]©TheBritishStandardsInstitution20235PAS2080:20233.8capitalcarbonGHGemissionsandremovalsassociatedwiththecreationandend-of-lifetreatmentofanasset,networkorsystem,andoptionallywithitsmaintenanceandrefurbishmentNOTE1GHGemissionsassociatedwithmaintenanceandrefurbishmentareincludedas“optional”underthecapitalcarbondefinitionbecausetheycouldalsobedefinedas“operationalcarbon”emissions,dependingonthechosenassessmentmethodology.Theselectedterminologyistobeclarifiedaspartoftheassessmentmethodologyprocess(seeClause7).NOTE2PAS2080recognizestheuseoftheestablishedterms“embodiedcarbon”and“upfrontcarbon”bypartsoftheindustry(inaccordancewithexistinglifecycleassessmentsstandardsandguidance)torefertosimilarstagesofawholelifecarbonassessment.ForthepurposeofPAS2080,“capitalcarbon”istheselectedterminologytoallowcomparison/alignmentwiththecostmanagement/expenditureprofileofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork(seeNote3).Theselectedterminologyistobeclarifiedbythepractitioner(asdescribedinClause7)andconsideredinthecontextofthePAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makinginClause4.NOTE3AsdefinedintheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1],capitalcarboncanbealternativelydefinedastheGHGemissionsassociatedwiththescopeofcapitalexpendituredefinedinaccordancewiththeassetowner’spreference.3.9carbonbudgetestimatedamountofwholelifecarbonasystemcanemitNOTECarbonbudgetsareusuallysetatthesystemlevelandarealignedtonationalorinternationalnetzerotargetsorotherdecarbonizationtrajectoriesdefinedatthesystemlevel.3.10carbondioxideequivalent(CO2e)unitforcomparingtheradiativeforcingofgreenhousegases(GHGs)tocarbondioxideNOTEThecarbondioxideequivalentiscalculatedusingthemassofagivenGHGmultipliedbyitsglobalwarmingpotential(see3.25).[SOURCE:BSISO14064-1:2006,2.19modified–note2deleted]3.11carbonmanagementassessment,reductionandremovalofgreenhousegasemissionsduringtheplanning,optioneering,design,delivery,operation,use,endoflife(andbeyond)ofnew,orthemanagementofexisting,assets,networksand/orsystems3.12carbonoffsetdiscretereductioningreenhousegasemissionsnotarisingfromthedefinedsubject,madeavailableintheformofacarboncreditmeetingadefinedsetofrequirements(asperPAS2060:2014)andusedtocounteractemissionsfromthedefinedsubjectNOTEOffsetscanbegeneratedviaavarietyofactivities,includingthosethatavoidorreduceemissionsandthosethatremovecarbonfromtheatmosphere.AdditionalinformationonoffsetcategoriesisavailableintheOxfordprinciplesfornetzeroalignedcarbonoffsetting(2020)[6].[SOURCE:PAS2060:2014,3.7modified–originalnoteremoved,newnoteadded]3.13carbonreductionprocessofminimizinggreenhousegasemissionsinthedevelopmentofnew,ortherefurbishmentofexisting,assetsornetworksNOTETheoutcomeofcarbonreductionprocessisaquantifiedreductioninexistingsourcesofGHGemissionsortheavoidanceofGHGemissions.6©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20233.14circulareconomyeconomythatisrestorativeandregenerativebydesign,andwhichaimstokeepproducts,componentsandmaterialsattheirhighestutilityandvalueatalltimes,distinguishingbetweentechnicalandbiologicalcyclesNOTECirculareconomyprinciplescanbeappliedacrossallworkstagesofprojectsand/orprogrammesofworktoassessmaterials/productsintermsofreuseandrecyclingpotentialafterendoflife,aswellastheirflexibilityinbeingrepurposedorretrofittedwhilstsatisfyingthewholelifeperformancerequiredfromtheirrespectiveassetsandnetworks.[SOURCE:BSISO20400:2017,3.1]3.15co-benefitsaddedbenefitsofdecarbonization,aboveandbeyondthedirectbenefitsofreducinggreenhousegasemissionsNOTEExamplesofco-benefitsinclude,butarenotlimitedto,reducedairpollution,increasedresilience,reducedcostandrisks,employmentpossibilities,security,socialjustice,naturerestorationandregeneration,andbiodiversitynetgain.3.16constructorentitythatundertakesworktoconstruct,build,maintain,repair,replace,disassembleordemolishanassetornetworkNOTEAconstructorcanbeanassetowner/manageroraproduct/materialsupplier.3.17controlabilityofvaluechainmembertomakedecisionsaboutactivitiesthatleveragecarbonemissionsandremovalsNOTE1Thiscouldincludeeitheroperationaldecision-makingpowerand/orfinancialdecision-makingpower.NOTE2Detailsofwhichvaluechainmembers,includingregulatorsandfinanciers,havecontrolorinfluencewhenworkingonanasset,networkorsystemlevelareprovidedinAnnexC.3.18decarbonizationprocessbywhichorganizations,sectorsorotherentitiesaimtoachievezerofossilcarbonemissions,typicallyreferringtoareductionofthecarbonemissionsassociatedwithkeysectors,suchaselectricity,industryandtransport3.19designerentitythatcreates,preparesorspecifiesthedesignofanassetornetworkthatistobeconstructed,maintained,repairedorrefurbishedNOTEAdesignercanbeanassetowner/manager,consultant,constructororproduct/materialsupplier.3.20emissionsfactoramountofgreenhousegasesemitted,expressedascarbondioxideequivalent(CO2e)andrelativetoaunitofactivity[SOURCE:PAS2060:2014,3.7modified–noteremoved]3.21emissionsreductionquantifieddecreaseingreenhousegasemissionsspecificallyrelatedtoorarisingfromanactivitybetweentwopointsintimeorrelativetoabaseline©TheBritishStandardsInstitution20237PAS2080:20233.22endoflifestagewhichbeginswhentheassethasreachedtheendofitsdesignlifeandisreadyforrefurbishment,retrofit,disposal,dismantling,etc.,andendswhentheassetisrecycled,reused,recoveredorreturnedtonature(combustion,deterioration)NOTETheprocessforsettingstudyboundariesandassessingend-of-lifeemissionsfollowsanappropriatestandardormethodology,asdescribedinClause7.3.23financierinvestor(individualororganizationholdingequityordebtcategorizedasfinancialassets,includingbutnotlimitedtoassetowners,assetmanagersandbanks)andlender(individualororganizationthatloansmoneytoaborrowertofinanceconsumptionorinvestment,ontheexpectationofrepaymentoncontractualterms,usuallywithinastatedperiodandwithinterestpayment)[SOURCE:ISO14097:2021,3.7modified–toincludeseparatedefinitionsforinvestorandlenderfromsamesource]3.24functionalunitquantifiedperformanceofaproductorsystemforuseasareferenceunitNOTEThefunctionalunittakesintoaccountafunction,aquantity,aduration,andaqualityoftheasset,networkorsystembeingassessed.RefertotheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080forfurtherexplanationandexamplesoffunctionalunits.[SOURCE:BSENISO14044:2006,3.20modified–noteadded]3.25globalwarmingpotential(GWP)factordescribingtheradiativeforcingimpactofonemass-basedunitofagivengreenhousegasrelativetoanequivalentunitofCO2overagivenperiodoftime[SOURCE:BSISO14064-1:2006,2.18modified–notedeleted]3.26greenhousegases(GHGs)gaseousconstituentsoftheatmosphere,naturalandanthropogenic,thatabsorbandemitradiationatspecificwavelengthswithinthespectrumofinfraredradiationemittedbytheEarth’ssurface,theatmosphereandcloudsNOTE1ThroughoutPAS2080,theterm“carbon”isoftenused(e.g.,capitalcarbon,usercarbon,operationalcarbon).Thisisappliedasshorthandfor“GHGs”(ortheequivalentCO2e)asdefinedbytheUNFCCKyotoProtocol[7].NOTE2TheUNFCCKyotoProtocol[7](andDohaAmendment)sevenmaingreenhousegasesincludecarbondioxide(CO2),methane(CH4),nitrousoxide(N2O),hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),perfluorocarbons(PFCs),sulfurhexafluoride(SF6)andnitrogentrifluoride(NF3).[SOURCE:BSISO14064-1:2006,2.1modified–originalnotesdeletedandnewnotesadded]3.27greenhousegas(GHG)assessmentprocessofcalculatingthetotalamountofGHGemissionsandremovalsduetothedelivery,use,operation,maintenance,demolitionand/orreuseofassetsand/ornetworksNOTETheprinciplesofquantificationandreportingGHGemissionsinthebuiltenvironmentdifferfromScopes1,2and3definedbytheGreenhouseGasProtocol[8],andadoptedbytheScienceBasedTargetsinitiative(SBTi)[9],typicallyusedinthecorporatesector(e.g.companies’sector,organizations,institutions).Althoughtherearecommonalitiesincertainterminologiesandprinciples,awholelifecarbonapproachisusedforthepurposeofcarbonmanagementanddrivingdecarbonizationinthebuiltenvironment(buildingsandinfrastructure).8©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20233.28greenhousegas(GHG)emissiontotalmassofGHGreleasedtotheatmosphereoveraspecifiedperiodoftime[SOURCE:BSISO14064-1:2006,2.5]3.29influenceabilityofvaluechainmembertosupportothervaluechainmemberstomakelow-carbondecisions3.30infrastructurebasicphysicalandorganizationalstructures,facilities,equipmentandservicesneededfortheoperationofasocietyororganization,ortheservicesandfacilitiesnecessaryforaneconomytofunctionNOTEAssets(infrastructureassetsandbuildings)arepartofnetworks(e.g.municipalpipesandmanholesarepartofawaternetwork).Thecombinationandinteractionbetweennetworks(e.g.transport,drainage,water,energy,telecommunications)formbuiltenvironment“systems”(see3.49).[SOURCE:ISO/TR19231:2014,3.5modified–expandedtocoverequipment,noteadded]3.31leadershipabilityofanindividual,groupororganizationtolead,influenceorguideotherindividuals,teamsorentireorganizations3.32lifecycleconsecutiveandinterlinkedstagesofaproduct,equipmentorservice,fromrawmaterialacquisitionorgenerationfromnaturalresourcestodesign,production,transportation/delivery,use,end-of-lifetreatmentandfinaldisposalNOTEAwholelifecyclecarbonassessmentisonlyoneofthecomponentsofthecarbonmanagementprocess.AsfurtherdescribedinClause7,existingstandardsforlifecycleassessmentdonotcoverallelementsofthePAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-making(Clause4),hencevaluechainmembersaretoassesscarboninfluencedoutsidethedirectproject/programmeboundarytoinformdecision-making(i.e.emissions/removalswithinthestudyboundary[see3.48]).[SOURCE:BSISO37100:2016,3.1.12modified–expandedtocoverequipment,noteadded]3.33nature-basedsolutionsactionstoprotect,sustainablymanageandrestorenaturalormodifiedecosystemsthataddresssocietalchallengeseffectivelyandadaptively,simultaneouslyprovidinghumanwell-beingandbiodiversitybenefitsNOTENature-basedcontributionstodecarbonizationcouldbeby:1)providinginfrastructureservices(e.g.floodprotection,urbancooling)andavoidingtheneedforcapitalandoperationalcarbonfromtheequivalentgrey/hardinfrastructure(e.g.flooddefences,airconditioning);2)activelyremovingcarbonfromtheatmospherebyenhancingnaturalecosystemdiversityandre-instatingthenaturalcarboncycle,henceincreasingcarbonsequestrationintheabovegroundvegetation(e.g.trees)andthesoilthatsupportsit.WorkedexamplesareprovidedintheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080.[SOURCE:Cohen-Shachmanetal.[10]]3.34networkcombinationofinterconnectedassets(buildingsandinfrastructure)thatprovideservices(e.g.water,power,transport)tosocietyaspartofawidersystemNOTEAssetowners/managersaretypicallyresponsibleforanetworkandhavecontroloveritsdelivery,operation,useandendoflife.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution20239PAS2080:20233.35netzeroreductionofanthropogenicgreenhousegasemissionstozeroortoaresiduallevelthatisconsistentwithreachingnetzeroemissionsineligible1.5°Cpathways(hencetime-bound)andneutralizingtheimpactofresidualemissions(ifany)byremovinganequivalentvolumeofcarbonNOTE1Anetzerotargetisnormallysetatthesystemlevelreflectingnationaland/orinternationaldecarbonizationtrajectoriestoaligntoaneligible1.5°Cpathway.NOTE2Netzerodiffersfromcarbonneutrality(asdefinedinPAS2060:2014),asnetzeroisfocusedonreducingwholelifeemissionsandusingremovalstobalanceoutresidualemissionswithinacertaintimeframe,whereascarbonneutralityreliesoncarbonoffsetsanddoesnotnecessarilysupportwholelifecarbonreduction.PAS2080hasbeendevelopedtobringtogethervaluechainmembersacrossthebuiltenvironmenttoworkcollaborativelytowardsthecommongoalofnetzerocarbontransitionby2050,hencedoesnotincludecarbonneutralityaspartofitsscope.3.36operationalcarbongreenhousegasemissionsandremovalsassociatedwiththeoperationofanasset,networkand/orsystemrequiredtoenableittooperateanddeliveritsservice3.37organizationcompany,corporation,firm,enterprise,authorityorinstitution,orpartorcombinationthereof,publicorprivate,thathasitsownfunctionandadministration3.38practitionermemberofthevaluechainresponsibleforcontributingtothesuccessfulimplementationofaPAS2080-compliantcarbonmanagementprocess,includingstrategicplanning,procurement,programmemanager,operator,designer/technicaladvisor,constructionmanager,material/productdeveloper,environmentalorsustainabilitymanager3.39product/materialsupplierorganizationthatextracts,manufacturesand/orproducesmaterialsorproductsforincorporationintoworkstoconstruct,build,maintainoroperateanassetornetwork3.40programmeofworksdefinedsetofprojectsrelatedtotheconstruction,maintenance,operationand/orendoflifeofanasset,networkorsystemNOTEAprogrammeofworksisacombinationoftwoormoreprojects.3.41projectuniqueprocess,consistingofasetofcoordinatedactivitiesandcontrolledresourcesundertakentoachievecertainobjectivesthatcantakeplaceattheasset,networkorsystemlevel[SOURCE:BSISO21931-2:2019,3.22modified–expandedtoincluderesources]3.42project/programmeboundaryphysical,process,temporalandgeographicallimitsofaprojectorprogrammeofworkNOTE1The“project/programmeboundary”inPAS2080istypicallyreferredtoas“systemboundary”inlifecycleassessmentstandards.PAS2080doesnotusethesameterminology,asexistingstandardsdonotaddressthesystemicthinkingrequiredwhenmakingdecisionsfromcarbonreductioninprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkinthebuiltenvironment[see“system”definition(3.49)andClause4forfurtherdetails].10©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023NOTE2Foremissionsbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaryanditslifecycle,refertodefinitionof“studyboundary”(3.48).3.43regulatorgovernmentorauthority(e.g.country,state,citycouncil,planningauthority,highwayauthority,governmentdepartment)whichownstheregulatoryapplicationsofaspecificsectororarea,whichserveasprinciples,policiesorrulesgoverningorprescribingthebehaviourofusersaswellastheprovisioningofgoods,servicesand/orrightsinterchangedNOTERegulatorsareresponsibleforsettingtargetsatasystemlevel(asperClause8).Assetowners/managersareexpectedtoengagewithregulatorsandotherrelevantassetowners/managerstoinfluencepolicy-makingaspartofthecarbonmanagementprocess.RefertoClause4andAnnexCforfurtherinformation.3.44removalwithdrawalofagreenhousegasfromtheatmosphereandstoredasaresultofdeliberatehumanactivitiesNOTERemovalsarearbitrarilyusedtorefertoeithernaturalprocessesortechnologicalsolutions.[SOURCE:IWA42:2022,3.3.3modified–originalnotesremovedandnewnoteadded]3.45residuallevelgreenhousegasemissionsfromaprojectorprogrammeofworkthatremainunabatedinaspecificyearaftercarbonreductionmeasureshavetakenplaceNOTEAsdescribedinClause4,itisimportantthatcarbonreductiontargets(asdefinedin3.50)areconsistentwiththelevelofresidualemissionsintheyearofnationalorsector-specificnetzeroin1.5°C-alignedmitigationpathways.3.46resourcessomethingthatliesreadyforuseorthatcanbedrawnupon(materialandnon-material)foraidortotakecareofaneed3.47sectorcollectionoforganizationsinvolvedinthedeliveryandoperationofassetsforthepurposeofprovidingaservice(e.g.energy,water,telecommunications)3.48studyboundaryphysical,process,temporalandgeographicallimitsofactivitiestoassessGHGemissionsandremovalsNOTE1Aprojectorprogrammeofworksfallswithinthestudyboundary,howeverthestudyboundarycanbeequaltoorgreaterthantheproject/programmeboundary.TheassessmentofGHGemissionsandremovalsatawiderstudyareahelpswithunderstandingtheprojectorprogrammeofworks’impactonthewidernetworkorsystem.NOTE2ThroughoutPAS2080,theterm“boundary”isoftenusedasashorthandfor“studyboundary”unlessspecified.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202311PAS2080:20233.49systemcollectionandinterconnectionofallphysicalfacilitiesandhumaninteractionsthatareoperatedinacoordinatedwaytoprovideaparticularserviceNOTE1Thebuiltenvironmentisheavilynetworkedandinterconnected,composedof“systems-of-systems”,hencetheimportanceofconsideringasystems-thinkingapproachinthecontextofcarbonmanagementandreductionofgreenhousegasemissions.NOTE2Refertodefinitionsofasset(3.3),infrastructure(3.30)and4.2forfurtherdetailsofinterdependenciesandsynergiesbetweenassets,networksandsystemsforthepurposeofcarbonmanagement.3.50targetdesiredquantityofcarbonemissions(definedasanabsolutevalueorasareductionamount/percentageagainstabaselinevalue)thataprojectorprogrammeofworksistoachievewithinatemporalextentNOTEAtargetisspecificandappropriatetoaprojectorprogrammeofworks.Itismeasurablewithinaspecifiedstudyboundaryandistime-bound.Itisimportantthatatargetisreferencedtoabaseline.Thismightimplicitlydetermineacarbonbudget.3.51usercarbongreenhousegasemissionsassociatedwithusers’utilizationofanasset,networkand/orsystem,andtheserviceitprovidesduringoperationNOTE1RefertoAnnexAforfurtherdefinition.NOTE2Althoughusercarbonisnotdirectlycontrolledbyassetowners/managers,theymighthaveadirectinfluenceonusercarbonemissions,particularlythroughcollaborationwithrelevantstakeholders.RefertoAnnexAforfurtherguidanceandexamplesofusercarbonindifferentsectors.3.52valuechainorganizationsandstakeholdersinvolvedincreating,operatingandmanagingassetsand/ornetworksNOTETheseincludeassetowners/managers,designers,constructorsandproduct/materialsuppliers,butalsoregulatorsandfinanciers.3.53wholelifecarbonsumofgreenhousegasemissionsandremovalsfromallworkstagesofaprojectand/orprogrammeofworkswithinthespecifiedboundariesNOTE1ThisincludesGHGemissionsandremovalswithintheproject/programmeboundary,aswellasemissions/removalsbetweentheproject/programmeandstudyboundary.NOTE2Nottobeconfusedwith“designlife”,whichisthelifeexpectancyofthematerial/product/asset,asdefinedbyitsdesignerswithinitsspecifiedparameters[see“endoflife”(3.22)].Typically,wholelifeislongerthandesignlife.NOTE3Wholelifecarbonconsiderationsforaprojectandprogrammeofworksarewiderthanthetypicallifecycle(seeNote2)assessmentsaccountfor,particularlywhenconsideringcarbonemissions/removalsintheirinfluenceatasystemlevel(seeClause4).12©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20234DecarbonizationprinciplesCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE4ThisclausesetsoutthefundamentalprinciplesunderpinningthecarbonmanagementprocesspresentedinthisPAS.Theirapplicationallowspractitionerstodemonstratethatatrueandfairapproachhasbeenadoptedwhenundertakingcarbonmanagementactivities.Thecarbonmanagementprinciplesapplytoprojectsandprogrammescomprisingbuildingsandinfrastructure.Atthecoreoftheprinciplesisthefactthatnoassetofthebuiltenvironmentcanfunctioninisolationfromitssurrounds:itsconstruction,operationanduseimpactsonandisimpactedbythefunctionsofnetworksandsystemsofwhichitispart.Likewise,thedecarbonizationprinciplesapplytoallvaluechainmemberstoagreaterorlesserextent.MorespecificdetailsaregiveninClause5andClause6.4.1ManagingwholelifecarbonunderthecontrolandinfluenceAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)identifyallactivitiesthatresultincarbonemissionsorremovalstheycontrolandinfluence,attheasset,networkandsystemlevel,assetoutinFigure4;Figure4–PAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makingNOTE1Thisframeworkistoidentifyacomprehensivelistofemissionsandremovalstobeassessed,butalsotomanagethereductionofthoseemissions.Currentpracticesandstandardstypicallytakeintoaccounttheassessmentofemissionsatanassetornetworklevel,butgiventhecomplexity,scaleandimpactofthebuiltenvironment,aholisticframeworkforbothassessingtoinformdecision-makingandmanagingwholelifecarbonemissions(includingemissionsrelatingtobothcontrolandinfluence)isrequired.NOTE2Thisframeworkhasbeendevelopedtoprovideasystematicguidetohelppractitionersidentifyallrelevantemissions(examplesprovidedinTableA.1andTableA.2),assesstheirmagnitudetoinformdecision-makingforreducingthoseemissionsateveryworkstageofaprojectorprogrammeand,inturn,sothatthedecarbonizationofthebuiltenvironmentcontributestowardstheregional,nationalandinternationaltransitiontonetzerocarbon.Theframeworkisnotfocusingonhowaccurateanyassessmentsofwholelifeemissionsneedtobeindifferentstagesofthedeliveryprocess.Accuracy,datasourcesanddetailedassessmentmethodologiesareprovidedinexistingstandardsandguidance.TheframeworkisreferencedinClause7,whenpractitionersareassessingemissionsandinClause6,whenpractitionersfollowtheimplementationofthePAS2080carbonmanagementprocesstosystematicallymanageemissions.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202313PAS2080:2023b)identifyinterdependencies,synergiesandrelationshipsbetweentheirownprojectand/orprogrammeofworksandthenetworkandsystem,andengagewithrelevantstakeholderstoidentifycarbonreductionopportunitiesandrisksatanasset,networkandsystemlevel;NOTE3ExamplesoftheseinterdependenciesandsynergiescanbefoundinAnnexA.NOTE4Decision-makingatthesystemlevelmightmean,forexample,thatsacrifice/investmentincapitalcarbonisrequiredforoperationalsavingsorvice-versa,hencetheimportanceofconsideringanyprojectorprogrammeofworksfromawholelifecarbonperspective.Similarly,theselectionofalow-carbonmaterialfeedstockorcomponentinoneterritorymighthaveanegativeimpactonemissionselsewhere.Furtherexplanationofthisdecision-makingprocessisprovidedintheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080.c)prioritizenature-basedsolutionsforreducedwholelifecarbonemissionsandpotentialforcarbonremoval,aswellastheassociatedco-benefits;NOTE5Co-benefitsincludethosethatpositivelyaddressotherenvironmentalemergencies(e.g.,climateadaptationandbiodiversityloss)aswellassocialandeconomicpriorities.AlthoughthisPASisaboutcarbonmanagement,itisimportantthatdecision-makinginthebuiltenvironmentconsiderstheseotheraspectstodeterminetheoptimalsolution/approachforthecontextofeachprojectofprogrammeofwork.d)engagewithothervaluechainmembersorotherstakeholders(suchasplanningauthorities,financiers,governmentandregulators,amongothers)toalignapproachestocarbonreductionandmaximizedecarbonizationopportunitiesfortheprojectand/orprogrammeofworkand,wherepossible,aneconomicsectororgeographicalregion;NOTE6Allvaluechainmembershavearoletoplayindecarbonizingthebuiltenvironment,butthegovernment(includinglocalauthorities),regulatorsandfinancierstypicallyhavethegreatestopportunitytosetthedirectionofaprojectand/orprogrammeofworksduetotheirstrategicroleonsettingpolicies,objectives,requirementsandoutcomes.IntheabsenceofrequirementsforthesemembersinthisPASAnnexCprovidessomecontextoftheirroleandresponsibilitytoimplementcarbonmanagementatalllevels.e)identifytheworkstageswithinwhichtheyhavecontrolorinfluenceintermsofidentifying,managingordeliveringlow-carbonsolutions.Whereopportunitiesorriskstoinfluencesystem-widedecarbonizationexistandaresignificant,theseshallbeprioritized;f)assessemissionsandremovalsinaccordancewiththewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makinginFigure4andtheassessmentprinciplesinClause7;g)demonstratethatthelevelofaccuracyappropriateforinformingdecision-makingatthestageoftheprojectorprogrammehasbeentakenintoaccount(asperClause7);andh)integratewholelifecarbonreductionintheirdecision-makingprocessesinaccordancewithClause6.NOTE7GuidancedocumentforPAS2080providesfurtherexplanationofwhatcontrolandinfluencemeanforeachvaluechainmember,andincludesworkedexamples.Inaddition,assetowners/managersanddesignersshall:1)identifythecarbonimplicationsofclimateresilience,orlackof,attheasset,networkorsystemlevel,andintegratetheminthewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-making;and2)collaborativelyengagewithothervaluechainmembersandrelevantstakeholdersforsolutionsthatdelivertherequiredlevelofclimatechangeresilienceforthelowestwholelifecarbon,includingcarbonavoidedinrecoveringfromfutureevents.14©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20234.2AligningtonetzerocarbontransitionAssetowners/managersshallprioritizetarget-settingandcarbonreductionmeasuresfortheprojectand/orprogrammeofworkthataligntoandsupportthetransitiontonetzerocarbonassetoutatthesystem,networkornationallevel(seeClause8forfurtherdetails).Wherenationalorsectorcarbonbudgetsdonotexist,orwheredownscalingofsuchbudgetsattheproject/programmelevelhasnotbeensetduetolackofpolicyorregulation,assetowners/managersshallengagewithotherassetowners/managersandregulators/governmentintheirnetworkorsystemtoassesshowtheprojectorprogrammeofworkalignswithwiderdecarbonizationgoals.NOTE1Duetolackorinadequacyofpoliciesandregulation,manysectorsarestillnotregulatedfornetzero,hencedonothavecarbontargetsorbudgetssetatasystem,sectorornationallevel.AsindicatedinAnnexC,itisimportantthatgovernmentandregulatorsacturgentlytoavoidunintendedconsequences,suchasdeterminingmechanismsofhowincreasesinwholelifecarbonemissionsfromaprojectand/orprogrammeofworksareaddressedinotherpartsofthesystem,sectorornationallevelwhenconsideringlimitedcarbonbudgets.NOTE2FurtherclarificationisprovidedinGuidancedocumentforPAS2080forassetowners/managerstointerprettherelationshipanddifferencesbetweennetzerotargetsforprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkandscience-basedtargetsfortheirorganizations.4.3ManagingwholelifeemissionsbyapplyingthecarbonreductionhierarchyAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)followthecarbonreductionhierarchyaspresentedinFigure5(intheorderofpriorityshown)whenidentifyingpotentialopportunitiestoreducewholelifecarbonemissions.NOTE1Thecarbonreductionhierarchyistobeappliedtoallemissions–capital,operationalanduseremissions(asdefinedinClause3).NOTE2Thegreatestabilitytoinfluencewholelifecarbonreductionisatthe“need”stage,whereobjectivesandoutcomesofprojects/programmesarestillbeingdevelopedandassessed,hencetheimportanceofvaluechainmembersfollowingacarbonmanagementprocessrightfromthestartofthedeliveryprocess.ThisisalsoreflectedinClause6.b)inapplyingthecarbonreductionhierarchy,demonstratetheyhavetakenintoaccountthefollowing:1)avoid:aligntheoutcomesoftheprojectand/orprogrammeofworkwiththenetzerotransitionatthesystemlevelandevaluatethebasicneedattheassetand/ornetworklevel;NOTE3Thismayincludeexploringalternativemeansforsatisfyingtheneedforwholelifeperformancewhilenotconstructinganewasset/networkorreusing/retrofitting/repurposingexistingones.2)switch:assessalternativesolutionsandthenadoptonethatreduceswholelifeemissionsthroughalternativescope,designapproach,materials,technologiesforoperationalcarbonreduction,amongothers,whilesatisfyingthewholelifeperformancerequirements;NOTE4Thismayalsoincludeemployinginnovativemodelsthatoptimizethebalancebetweencapital,resourceuse,operationalanduserefficiencyofanasset/network.3)improve:identifyandadoptsolutionsandtechniquesthatimprovetheuseofresourcesanddesignlifeofanasset/network,includingapplyingcirculareconomyprinciplestoassessmaterials/productsintermsoftheirpotentialforreuseorrecyclingafterendoflife.NOTE5Thisincludesefficiencymeasuresfortheusestageofanasset/network,andisnotlimitedtomaterialresourcesandotherdesignandconstructionefficiencies.NOTE6Inidentifyingappropriatelow-carbonsolutions,priorityshouldbegiventosolutionsthatpromotenetworkandsystemdecarbonizationasfaraspossible.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202315PAS2080:2023Figure5–CarbonreductionhierarchyNOTEThisfigurerepresentsasimplifiedandstreamlinedversionofthecarbonreductionhierarchypresentedinPAS2080:2016andtheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1].Ithasbeenupdatedtoclarifyitsapplicabilityandrelevancetoawiderrangeofprojectsandprogrammeswithinthebuiltenvironment(i.e.toclarifythatthecarbonreductionhierarchyisnotsolelyaboutnewbuilds).4.4ImplementingappropriategovernanceAllvaluechainmembersshallformandimplementgovernancestructuresto:a)alignwholelifecarbonimpactsofanydecisionsmadewiththedecarbonizationprinciplesinClauses4.1to4.3;b)makecarbonmanagementunderpinallprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork(aspertherequirementsinClause6),regardlessoftheirscaleorworkstage;c)embedwholelifecarbonintobusinessandmanagementprocesses,formingpartofdecision-makingalongsidecost,timeandrisk;d)defineandestablishrolesandresponsibilitiesforcarbonmanagementtopromotetheoutcomesandbehavioursrequiredfordecarbonization;e)putinplacerolesandresponsibilitiesforengagementwithothervaluechainmembersandstakeholderssothatsystem-wideopportunitiesandrisksareidentifiedandmanaged;f)allocateresources(humanandfinancial)tosupportthedeliveryofcarbonmanagementprocesses;g)putprocessesinplacetoassessGHGemissions,identifycarbonreductionopportunities,andimplementtheminprojectsandprogrammes;h)supporttheimplementationoflow-carbonsolutions;i)collaborateacrossthevaluechain,sharingexpertise,knowledgeanddatatodrivedecarbonizationacrosstheindustry;j)improvebusinessprocessesbasedonfeedbackfromothervaluechainmembers;k)allocateseniormanagementsupporttoalldecision-makingthathasasignificanteffectoncarbonmanagement;andl)keeprecordsinsupportofcarbonmanagementmonitoringandreportingpractices(asperClause9).16©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20235LeadershipCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE5Leadershipisrecognizedasakeyenablerofcarbonmanagement.Itprovidesthevisiontodrivecarbonreductionsacrossalllevelsofanorganizationandallowstherightcapabilitiestoexistacrossthevaluechaintoplanforanddrivedecarbonization.Leadershipisexpectedfromalllevelsofthevaluechaininimplementingtherequirementsinthisclause.5.1RequirementsforallvaluechainmembersAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)setanorganizationalpolicyandstrategyforcarbonmanagement,withclearrolesandresponsibilities,andaligncommercial/businessgoalswiththisstrategy/structure;b)assignresponsibilitiestopractitionersofallthedisciplineswithintheorganizationthatarerelevantforthedevelopmentandimplementationofthecarbonmanagementprocess;c)communicateconsistentlyandregularlytostaffatalllevelswithintheirownorganizationontheimportanceofcarbonmanagement;d)havetrainingprogrammesinplacetofillgapsinknowledgeandskills;e)makeadequateandcompetenthumanresourcesavailableforthedevelopmentandimplementationofthecarbonmanagementprocess;f)demonstrateacommitmenttocontinuousimprovementthroughthesharingofcurrentgoodpractice(internallyandexternally);g)promoteaculturethatrewardseffortstodrivedowncarbonemissionsintheirownorganization,aswellasotherorganizationsinthevaluechain;h)maketherequirementsoftheircarbonmanagementstrategycompatibleandintegratedwithotherbusinessprocesses(e.g.assetmanagement,risksmanagement,procurement,healthandsafety,costmanagement,quality,deliveryprogramme,sustainability,environmentalmanagement);i)communicateconsistentlywithothervaluechainmembersandsystemstakeholderstodevelopcollaborativerelationshipswiththegoalofreducingwholelifecarbonatthesystemlevel;j)whendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,wherepossible,involverelevantvaluechainmembersandstakeholders(e.g.government,regulators,localauthoritiesandfinanciers)instrategicdiscussionsrelatedtothedeliveryprocesstoassesshowtobestdrivedecarbonizationattheasset,networkandsystemlevel;andk)proactivelycollaboratewithmembersofthevaluechaintopromoteandimplementdecarbonizationsolutionswithintheircontrolandinfluence(seeClause4).5.2Assetowner/managerrequirementsInadditionto5.1,assetowners’/managers’leadershipshall:a)clearlydocumentandcommunicatethedesiredcarbonmanagementoutcomes,roles,responsibilitiesandrequirements(asperClause6toClause11)totheirvaluechainwhendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkattheasset,networkorsystemlevel;b)supportvaluechainandstakeholdercommunicationtodiscouragesilos,developcollaborativebehavioursandenablesystemoptimization;c)encouragevaluechainmemberstochallengecurrentpracticesandsolutionsbyhavingwholelifecarbonreductionasakeyobjective/outcomefordeliveryandapplyingthecarbonreductionhierarchyacrossworkstages(asperClause4);©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202317PAS2080:2023d)identifyappropriatemechanismstorecognizeand,wherepossible,rewardperformanceinthevaluechaintodrivelow-carbonsolutions(includingrelevantKPIsandfinancialincentivesassetoutinClause10);e)beaccountableformeetingreductiontargetsinprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkattheassetand/ornetworklevel;andf)clearlyidentifythewholelifecarbonimplicationsintheircontrolandinfluenceatthenetworkandsystemlevel,andcommunicatetheseacrossthevaluechain.NOTETheimportanceofembeddingtheserequirementsintocontractsandprocurementprocessesshouldbereflectedthroughoutallleadershipactivitiesasperClause10.5.3DesignerrequirementsInadditionto5.1,designers’leadershipshall:a)supportassetowners/managersinidentifyingandimplementingwholelifecarbonreductionopportunitiesinthecontrolandinfluence(seeClause4)oftheassetowner/manager,includingbrokeringcollaborationswithrelevantstakeholders,whereappropriate;b)challengeexistingstandards,guidanceandrequirements,orequivalent,whererelevant,todrivelow-carbonsolutions;c)setclearrequirementsandguidancefortheirownsuppliersworkingonprojectsandprogrammestohelpprioritizewholelifecarbonreductionoutcomes;d)enable/encouragecross-disciplinecoordinationtodrivelow-carbonsolutionsthroughoutdesigndevelopment;ande)developaculturetoencouragedesignandtechnologicalinnovationthatdrivedecarbonization.5.4ConstructorrequirementsInadditionto5.1,constructors’leadershipshall:a)promoteearlyinvolvementinthedeliveryofprojectsandprogrammes,andputmechanismsinplacetoenablecollaborationwithassetowners/managers,designersandmaterial/productsuppliers;b)challengetheirclients,designersandsupplierstoprovidelow-carbonsolutions;c)supportsupplychainpartnersthatcandemonstratetheirowncarbonreductioncommitment;andd)integrateresourceefficiencyandcirculareconomyprinciplesintoconstructionbusinessmodels.5.5Product/materialsuppliersInadditionto5.1,product/materialsuppliers’leadershipshall:a)communicateandpromotelow-carbonsolutionstoallvaluechainmembersduringearlyworkstages;b)encouragecarbonmanagementprocessesandlow-carbontechnologieswithintheirsupplychainandamongtheirindustrypeers;c)proactivelycommunicateclear,completeandtransparentcarboninformationtoothervaluechainmembers;andd)challengetheirclients,designersandconstructorstoprovidelow-carbonsolutions.18©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20236Integratingcarbonmanagementintodecision-makingCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE6Integratingwholelifecarbonintodecision-makingrequiresthedevelopmentandimplementationofacarbonmanagementprocess.Theintentionofacarbonmanagementprocessistodrivetherightbehavioursateachworkstage(bothforinfrastructureandbuildings)toreducewholelifecarboninaprojectorprogrammeofwork.Thisprocessistobedevelopedandimplementedbyassetowners/managers.Allvaluechainmembers,however,areresponsibleforspecificrequirementswithinthecarbonmanagementprocess.6.1Requirementsforallvaluechainmembers6.1.1IdentifycontrolandinfluenceinwholelifecarbonreductionAllvaluechainmembersshallidentify:a)thelevelofcontrolandinfluencetheyhaveduringtheworkstagesfordeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork(asdiscussedinClause4);b)thenecessarycollaborationswithotherstakeholdersthatwillenablewholelifecarbonreductionsundertheircontrolandinfluence;andc)thenetwork(s)andsystem(s)withwhichtheprojectorprogrammeofworkinteracts,andthenatureofthoseinteractions.NOTEFurtherguidanceisgiveninAnnexAandAnnexB.6.1.2EstablishandimplementacarbonmanagementprocessAteachworkstage,participatingvaluechainmembersshall:a)understandandprioritizetherequirementsofthecarbonmanagementprocess(seeFigure6)fordeliveringtheprojectand/orprogrammeofworkasestablishedbytheassetowner/manager;b)identifywholelifecarbonreductionopportunitiesoverwhichtheyhavecontroland/orinfluence,accordingtothecarbonreductionhierarchy(seeClause4),andtakeearlyactiontoreducecarbonemissionswheretheopportunityisgreatest;c)prioritizetheimplementationofsolutionsthatbestsupportsystem-widedecarbonization;d)challengecurrentpracticestoenablewholelifecarbonreduction,includingscope,strategyandintendedoutcomes,standardsandprescriptivespecifications,designapproach,programmeorcost;e)collaboratewithotherstakeholdersandvaluechainmemberstoimplementsolutionsthatminimizewholelifecarbon;f)assesswholelifecarbonemissionsandremovalsintheircontrolandinfluence(asperClause7andthePAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makinginClause4)andrecordreductions(asperClause9)withreferencetothebaseline(s)andtarget(s)set(asperClause8);g)identifylow-carbonalternativesappropriateateachstageofthecarbonreductionhierarchy(asperClause4),includingnature-basedsolutionsandcirculareconomyopportunitiesintheprojectorprogramme,whereappropriate;andh)wherecarbonremovalactivitiesareplannedorundertaken,reportthemseparatelyfromcarbonemissionsandemissionsreductions.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202319PAS2080:2023Figure6–ThePAS2080carbonmanagementprocessKeyPAS2080clausenumberNOTEThecirclednumbersarecross-referencestotherelevantclausesinthisPAS.6.2Assetowner/managerrequirements6.2.1RequirementsforallworkstagesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1,assetowners/managersshall:a)developandimplementacarbonmanagementprocess(seeFigure6)whensuitedtotheirproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)ofworkattheasset,networkorsystemlevel;b)allocateandcommunicateunambiguousresponsibilitiesforeachaspectofthecarbonmanagementprocesstovaluechainmembersinvolvedinthedeliveryofproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)ofworkforeachworkstage;c)makedecarbonizationandalignmentwiththenetzerocarbontransitioncentraltothescopeandrequirementsoftheproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)ofworks;d)alignwithandsupportsector,regionalornationaldecarbonizationambition,orclearlyexplainwhysuchalignmenthasnotbeenachieved;e)alignin-houseassetstandardsandguidancewiththedecarbonizationprinciples(seeClause4);f)setappropriategovernancestructuresasperthegovernanceprinciplesin4.4;NOTE1Thisinvolvessettingclearrolesandresponsibilitiesintheorganizationtomanagewholelifecarbonwhendeliveringprojectsandprogrammesofwork,aswellassettingupkeydecision-makingmilestonesineachworkstagetochallengeeveryprojectonthebasisofwholelifecarbonreduction.g)defineandcommunicatetotherestofthevaluechaintheassessmentrequirementsfortheproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)ofwork(includingimpactstothenetworkandsystemasperClause7)forachievingconsistencywhendevelopingandsharingtoolsordata;h)setouttheobjectiveandfrequencyofGHGemissionsassessments(asperClause7)andreporting(asperClause9)duringthedeliveryofprojectsandprogrammes,sothatassessmentssufficientlyinformdecision-making;i)setoutprocurementmechanismsthatenablethedeliveryoflow-carbonsolutions(asperClause10);andj)developacollaborativeenvironmentforallvaluechainmembersinvolvedintheimplementationofthecarbonmanagementprocessduringthedeliveryofsystems/networks/assetsandtheproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)ofwork.20©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023NOTE2StandardssuchasBSISO37000,BSISO44001andBS11000providefurtherdetailonhowtodevelopandimplementappropriategovernancestructuresandcollaborativeenvironmentsthatbenefitallaspectsofbuiltenvironmentdelivery.Assetowners/managerscanusethesetodefineroles,responsibilitiesandprocessesthatincludeallvaluechainmembers(seealsoClause10).6.2.2RequirementsfortheneedandoptioneeringstagesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1and6.2.1,assetowners/managersshall:a)demonstratethattheabilityofaprojectorprogrammetoenableandsupportthenetzerocarbontransitionofitsnetworkand/orsystemhasbeentakenintoaccountwhenassessingtheneedforanewprojectorprogramme;NOTECollaborationwithothermembersofthevaluechainmightberequiredtodefinethiscompatibility.b)identifytherequiredprojectsand/orprogrammesthatconstitutetheorganization’scontributiontothenetzerocarbontransition(ofthenetworkandsystemofwhichtheirassetsareapart)anddefineaclearimplementationstrategythatistime-boundandinlinewithorbeyondthesettargets;c)identifythecarbonimpactsassociatedwithmeetingtheclimateresilienceneedsforasset,networkand/orsystemclimateresilience;d)reviewopportunitiesfortheproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)toalterlanduseordeploynature-basedsolutions,andprioritizeopportunitiesforthesetohelpdecarbonizethenetworkand/orsystem;e)identifyactivitiesthatfallwithinthestudyboundaryinlinewiththerequirementsofClause4andClause7,includingimpactsonthenetworkandsystem;f)assesscarbonimpactsinaccordancewithClause7,prioritizingassessmentofemissionsandremovalsthatmighthelpidentifythelowestcarbonoutcome;g)comparethewholelifecarbonofalloptionsconsideredusingatimehorizonthatreflectsthelifeoftheoutcomeratherthanthelifeofanasset;h)clearlydefinebaselinesandtime-boundtargetsatprojectorprogrammelevel(asperClause8);i)demonstratethattheyhavetakenintoaccountalternativeapproachesthatminimizewholelifecarbon;andj)demonstratethattheyhavetakenintoaccountoptionsthatmaximizetheuseofexistingassetswherethisdeliversthelowestwholelifecarbonoutcome.6.2.3RequirementsforthedesignanddeliverystagesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1and6.2.1,assetowners/managersshall:a)setcleardesignrequirementsfortheprojectorprogrammeofworktoalignwiththenetzerotransition;b)procuredesignanddeliveryservicesbasedonwholelifedecarbonization(asperClause10);NOTE1Thisincludesnotjustcapitaloroperationalcarbon,butalsousercarbon.NOTE2Decarbonizationrequirementsarecomplementedbythecommercialandprogrammerequirementsandarenotinconflictwiththem.c)selectastudyboundarythatcoversallrelevantsourcesofwholelifecarbonfortheprojectorprogramme,includingusercarbonwhererelevant,notingthatthestudyboundarymightbewiderthantheproject/programmeboundary;d)alignstandardsandguidancewithwholelifedecarbonizationrequirements;e)useappropriateassessmentmethodologiesforwholelifecarbonemissionsandremovalswithinboththecontrolandtheinfluenceoftheorganization,inaccordancewiththerequirementsofClause7;f)demonstratethattheyhaveassessedoptionsthatmaximizetheuseofexistingassetswherethisdeliversthelowestwholelifecarbonoutcome;andg)putinplaceasystemtoimplementcirculareconomyprincipleswithintheplanning,design,construction,andoperationalandend-of-lifemanagement,ofassets,includingcollaborationwithstakeholdersfortheusefulexchangeofresources.NOTE3Itmightbenecessarytorevisitdecisionsmadeinpreviousstagestocheckwhethercarbonatsystemand/ornetworklevelisstillbeingreduced,andwhetheropportunities/alternativestoreducecarbonatsystemand/ornetworklevelarebeingconsideredandimplemented.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202321PAS2080:20236.2.4Operationalandend-of-liferequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1and6.2.1,assetowners/managersshall:a)optimizetheoperationalperformanceofassets,networksand/orsystems,identifyanyneedforretrofittingand/oroperationalefficiency,andspecifythetimescalesoverwhichtheyshallbeaddressed;b)procureassetmanagementservicesbasedonthewholelifecarbonthattheproject(s)and/orprogramme(s)influence,aswellasthatwhichtheycontrol(asperClause10);c)captureoperationaldataandfeedbacktoimprovebaselines;andd)assessandreportactualemissionsandperformanceagainsttargets,inaccordancewithreportingprinciples.6.3DesignerrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1,designersshall:a)challengethestandardsandprescriptiverequirementsthathaveanimpactonwholelifecarbon;b)integratewholelifecarbonreductionopportunitiesinthedesignoftheprojectorprogramme;c)havegovernancestructuresinplace,asperClause4,thatpromotewholelifecarbonreductionopportunities;d)complywithtargetsdefinedbytheassetowner/managerfortheprojectorprogrammeofworkandchallengetargetswherethereispotentialforimprovement;e)settargetsthatarealignedwithnetzeroatthenetworkorsystemlevel,totheextentthatthisispossible,wheretheassetowner/managerhasnotsetanytargets;f)assesswholelifecarbonemissionsofdesignoptionsusinganapproachthatisconsistentwiththerequirementsofClause7;g)demonstratethattheyhavefollowedthecarbonreductionhierarchyasperClause4,including,amongotherthings,howtheyhaveassessedhowtoreusematerials,specifiedlow-carbonmaterials,specifiedenergyefficientand/orrenewableenergygeneration,andotherwiseminimizedresourceuse;h)demonstratethattheyhaveassessedfutureadaptabilityandmaterialrecovery;andi)submitcarbonreductionproposalstotheassetowner/managerorothervaluechainmembers,ifappropriate,supportedbytheanticipatedbenefitsandoutcomesofthecarbonmanagementprocess.6.4ConstructorrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1,constructorsshall:a)havegovernancestructuresinplace,asperClause4;b)complywithtargetsdefinedbytheassetowner/managerandchallengetargetswherethereispotentialforimprovement;c)settargetsthatarealignedwithnetzeroatthenetworkorsystemlevel,totheextentthatthisispossible,wheretheassetowner/managerhasnotsetanytargets;d)assesswholelifeemissionsofconstructionworksusinganapproachthatisconsistentwiththerequirementsofClause7;NOTEForcomplexconstructionworks(particularlymajorinfrastructureprojects),wheredataand/ortoolsarenotavailabletofullyassesscarbonduringconstruction,assessasaminimumthecarbonimpactofthemostsignificantactivities/practicesandhaveaplanoncapturingdatatoimprovefuturebenchmarks(seealsocontinualimprovementprinciplesinClause11).e)minimizeuseofresources(e.g.materials,water,energy),transporttositeandconstructionwaste,andmaximizeopportunitiesforreuse/recycling/recovery;f)capturedataandshareknowledgeoninnovativeconstructiontechniques,materialsandproductuse;andg)submitcarbonreductionproposalstoothervaluechainmembersasappropriate,supportedbytheanticipatedbenefitsandoutcomesofthecarbonmanagementprocess.22©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20236.5Product/materialsupplierrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof6.1,product/materialsuppliersshall:a)havegovernancestructuresinplace,asperClause4;b)developanddeploylow-carbonsolutions,technologies,materials,productsand/ormethods;c)makecarbondataofexistinganddevelopingproductseasilyaccessible,allowingothermembersofthevaluechaintoidentifyproductsthatproducethebestlow-carbonoutcomes;d)assessandreporttoallmembersofthevaluechainthewholelifecarbonemissionsofmaterials/productssupplied(includingdirectoperationsandthoseoftheirsupplychain)inatransparentmanner;e)demonstrateeffortstowardsachievingcompliancewithanappropriateproductlevellifecycleassessmentstandard;andNOTEThisPASrecognizesthatsmallerorganizationsmightnothaveenvironmentalproductdeclarations(EPDs)fornewandinnovativeproducts/materials,e.g.incaseswheretheremaybeabacklogofEPDcertification.EPDcertificationcouldincludeBSEN15804andISO21930,amongothers.PAS2080intendstoencourageprogressforproduct/materialsupplierstobecomeverifiedunderPAS2080.ThisPAS,therefore,focusesonproduct/materialsupplierssharingrelevantwholelifecarbonemissionsinformationusingappropriatemethodologiesinatransparentmanner.f)submitcarbonreductionproposalstoothervaluechainmembersasappropriate,supportedbytheanticipatedbenefitsandoutcomesofthecarbonmanagementprocess.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202323PAS2080:20237Wholelifecarbonassessmentprinciplestosupportdecision-makingCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE7ThepurposeofClause7istoensurethatwholelifecarbonassessmentisfitforintegratingcarbonreductionintodecision-makinginprojectsandprogrammes,inaccordancewithClause6.Thisclauseestablisheskeyprinciplesforconsistencyintheassessmentapproachthroughoutthevaluechain,encouragesalevelofdetailcommensuratewiththedecision-makingatthestageconsidered,recognizesthattheaccuracyofassessmentimprovesastheproject/programmedevelops,andemphasizestheimportanceofassessingwholelifecarbon,evenintheabsenceofdetaileddataduringtheearlyoptioneeringstageofthedeliveryprocesstodrivelow-carbonbehavioursanddecisions.Thisclausereferencesthewholelifecarbonframework(introducedinClause4)thatfortheassessmentofemissionsandremovalswithinandbeyondaproject/programmeboundary.Theframeworkcanbeappliedtoprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkattheasset,networkorsystemlevel.Theframeworkbuildsonlifecycleassessmentprinciplesofexistingstandardsanddoesnotintendtoreplacethose,whileenablingacommoncarbonmanagementlanguageacrossdifferentasset/network/systemtypologies.Theframeworkallowscarbonhotspotsbothinthecontrolandinfluenceofthevaluechaintobeidentifiedand,inturn,supportwholelifecarbonreductions.CentraltothePAS2080wholelifecarbonframeworkistheimportanceofsystemsthinkingforachievingdecarbonization.7.1Requirementsforallvaluechainmembers7.1.1AssessingGHGemissionsoverthewholelifetoinformdecision-makingattheasset,networkandsystemlevelAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)establishacomprehensivestudyboundarythattakesintoaccountallemissionsourcesandremovalsincludedinthewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-making(seeClause4).Thestudyboundaryshallbegreaterthantheproject/programmeboundarytoaccountforimpactsonthewidernetworkandsystem;NOTE1ExamplesofrelevantemissionsourcesandremovalsareprovidedinTableA.1andTableA.2.b)assessemissionsandremovalsforallsourceswithinthecontrolandinfluenceofthevaluechainmember(asperthewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makinginClause4)duringallstagesofthedeliveryprocess;c)assesstheimpactofallemissionsorremovalstoalevelofdetailthatsupportsdecision-makingateachworkstage,suchthat:1)attheneedandoptioneeringstages,anappropriatemethodology(see7.1.3)isusedtoprioritizeassessmentofemissionsandremovalsthatmightaffectwhichoptionisidentifiedasthelowestcarbonoutcome(includingimpactstothenetworkandsystem,evenwhenoutsidetheprojectboundary),workingwithbenchmarksorinitialquantitieswhereneeded;andNOTE2Anoptionmayinvolvethecreationofnewassetsand/ortherepurposingofexistingassets.2)atthedesign,deliveryandoperationstages,anappropriatemethodology(see7.1.3)isusedtoassesstoanappropriatedegreeofdetailallrelevantsourcesofemissionsandremovalsattributabletotheprojectorprogramme.NOTE3Thisshouldincludeimpactsonthenetworkandsystem,exceptincaseswhereitcanbedemonstratedthatthisisnolongerrelevantfordecision-making.NOTE4RefertoFigure7forthelevelofdetailthatsupportsdecision-makingatdifferentstagesofthedeliveryprocess.d)assessandrecordemissionsandremovalsassociatedwithlandusechange(includingnature-basedandclimateresiliencesolutions)aspartofthedecision-makingprocess;and24©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023e)notincludemarket-basedoffsetswithintheassessmentboundary.7.1.2SelectinganappropriatelevelofaccuracyanddetailValuechainmembersshalladoptthewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-making,introducedinClause4,tosupportandinformthedecision-makingprocess(seealsoClause6)formeetinganycarbonreductiontargets(asperClause8).NOTE1ValuechainmembersshouldrecognizethattheaccuracyofanyGHGassessment,particularlytheavailabilityofcarbonand/orassetdata,improvesoverthedeliveryprocess,andacceptthattheaccuracyofanyassessmentmightbelowerattheinitialoptionselectionstages.SeeFigure7foranillustrationofthis.Figure7–DegreeofaccuracyanddataavailabilityinwholelifecarbonassessmentsacrossworkstagesNOTEThisfigureillustrateshowtheassessmentapproachchangesacrossprojectstagestosupportthedecision-makingprocessmosteffectively.Valuechainmembersshallseektoimprovetheaccuracyoftheirassessment(s),toneitheroverestimatenorunderestimateactualemissions,andtoreduceuncertaintyasmuchaspracticable.NOTE2TextonaccuracyhasbeenadaptedfromtheGreenhouseGasProtocol[8].7.1.3SelectingaGHGassessmentmethodologyAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)assesswholelifeGHGemissionsusingappropriateGHGassessmentmethodologiesfromexistinglifecycleanalysisstandardsand/orotherrecognizedsources;b)identifythelimitationsinexistingmethodsandaddressthesetomeettheassessmentrequirementsin7.1.1and7.1.2thatfocusonassessingwholelifecarbontoinformdecision-makingattheasset,networkorsystemlevel;andc)comparethewholelifecarbonimpactofoptionsusingthesameGHGassessmentmethodologyforconsistency.NOTEThisPASrecognizesthatthereareexistingnationalandinternationallifecyclestandardsforassessmentofGHGsinbuildingsandothercivilworks(suchasBSEN15978,BSEN17472andBSEN15804)thatcouldbeusedtoassessGHGemissionsources.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202325PAS2080:20238TargetsettingandbaselinesCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE8Settingcarbonreductiontargetsprovidescleardirectionandcommunicatesintentforcarbonreduction.Itisimportantthattargetsaresetagainstclearbaselinessothatperformanceagainstthemcanbedetermined.Thisclausefocusesontargetsettingandbaselinesthroughoutthewholelifeofprojectsand/orprogrammesofworkattheassetornetworklevel.ThisPASrecognizesthatnetzerotargetsshouldbesetatthesystemlevelandideallyallnetworksandassetsshouldhavetargetsthatarealignedwiththesystemnetzerotarget.ThisPASalsorecognizestheimportanceofassetowners/managerssettingcarbontargetsagainstclearbaselinesatprojectandprogrammelevelsothatthevaluechaincanfocustheireffortsindeliveringthosetargets.Thepurposeofasset-leveltargetsistodelivertherequiredpaceandscaleofcarbonreductiontosupportandenableasystem-levelnetzerotarget.Anisolated“netzero”targetatassetlevelmightcauseunintendedconsequencesofincreasedcarbonelsewhereinthesystemandshiftfocustooffsettingcarbonratherthanwholelifecarbonreductionsoractivitiesthatcouldresultinsignificantcarbonreductionsatthenetworkorsystemlevel.Asset-leveltargetsshouldbeambitiousandaligntoasystem-levelnetzerotarget.Furthercontextisprovidedin4.1and4.2.Attheneedstagethroughtoconstruction,awholelifecarbontargetshouldbemetwhichmightthenevolvetoanoperationalemissionstargetfromhandover.8.1Requirementsforallvaluechainmembers8.1.1CarbonreductiontargetsAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)adoptthecarbonreductiontargetssetbytheassetowner/managerasaminimum(see8.2.1);andb)communicateandsharecarbontargetswithothervaluechainmembers.8.1.2BaselinesAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)collectandreportassetandwholelifecarbondatarelevanttotheiractivitieswhendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofworktoinformfuturebaselines;andb)identifylimitationsintheaccuracyofsettingbaselineswhenmakingcomparisonsagainsttheiractivitiesduringthedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,andtransparentlyreportanyuncertaintiesatappropriatestagesofinfrastructureandbuildingsdelivery.NOTEThisissimilartocostassessments.8.2Assetowner/managerrequirements8.2.1CarbonreductiontargetsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1,theassetowner/managershalldevelopwholelifecarbonreductiontargetsthat:a)aresetforprojectsandprogrammesattheassetornetworklevelandalignwiththerelevantsystem-levelnetzerocarbontargets;NOTE1Wheresystem-leveltargetisnotset,engagewiththeirpeersand/orothervaluechainmembersnotcoveredunderthescopeofthisPAS(e.g.,regulators/government)toinfluencethesettingofthenetzerocarbontargetatthesystemlevel.b)relatetoadefinedoutcomebasedonthefunctionalunitsetfortheprojectorprogrammeofworksattheassetornetworklevel(inlinewithClause7);26©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023c)areappropriateinscopetotheworkstagetowhichtheyarerelevant;andd)aretime-bound.NOTE2Anassetowner/managercouldsetanetzerotargetatthenetworklevel,whereappropriate.Forexample,intheabsenceofsystem-levelnetzerotargetinaninfrastructureorbuildingssector,anassetowner/managermightchoosetosetanetzerotargetatthenetworklevelcoveringtheirentireportfolio.8.2.2BaselinesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1,assetowners/managersshallsetbaselinesthat:a)aresetforprojectsandprogrammesattheassetornetworklevel;b)followtheassessmentprinciplespresentedinClause7,andwhichaligntotheboundaryusedforsettingwholelifecarbontargets;c)createareferencelevelagainstwhichfutureperformancecanbecomparedrelativetotargetsset;d)reflectgoodindustrypractice;NOTE1Baselinesshould,acrosstheindustry,improveovertimetomirrorimprovementsinpractices.Theyshouldreflectthelatestgoodpracticesfordesignandactivitydata(suchasformaterialsanddesignchoices)andreputablesourcesofemissionsfactors.Therefore,thepractitionerisexpectedtotakeintoaccounttheseaspectswhendevelopingabaselinesoitbecomesamutuallyagreedstartingpointfromwhichallvaluechainmembersshouldworktoimprove.e)providesufficientdetailtoassistwithidentifyingcarbonemissionshotspots,onwhichtofocuseffortstoreduceemissions;f)stateanyassumptionsusedtofilldatagapsandthelimitationsthismighthaveontherelevanceofthebaseline;g)describeinclusionsandexclusions;h)setoutthecircumstancesinwhichthebaselinemightbeupdated;i)wheregapsexistwithinthebaseline,identifyanyuncertaintyintheassessment;andj)followacontinualimprovementprocesstomakegoodpracticesincurrentGHGassessmentscontributetofuturebaselines.NOTE2Theremightbelimitationswhensettingbaselinesforthefirsttimewherethereisnotenoughexistingdatawithinanorganization,orrelevantsecondarydatatoproducebaselineswhichfollowtheprinciplesforGHGemissionsassessment(Clause7).Insuchinstances,thebestavailabledataischosentoallowthemostvalidcomparisonsagainstadesign.Itiscritical,however,thatmechanismsareputinplacethatrequirethecollectionofrelevantdatafromthevaluechainduringdeliverysoimprovedbaselinescanbecreatedforfutureprojectsand/orprogrammesofworks.8.3Designerrequirements8.3.1CarbonreductiontargetsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1,designersshall:a)worktowardsmeetingtheassetowner’s/manager’scarbonreductiontargets;b)challengetheassetowner/managertomutuallyagreeatargetwheretheassetowner/managerhasnotsetawholelifecarbonreductiontarget;andc)recommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtotargetsetting,whereappropriate.8.3.2BaselinesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1and8.3.1,designersshall:a)supportassetowners/managerstosetbaselines,whererequestedbytheassetowner/manager,byprovidingrelevantactivitydata;b)recommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtosettingbaselines,whereappropriate;andc)collectandsharerelevantdataforimprovingfuturebaselinesandcommunicatetotheassetowner/manager.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202327PAS2080:20238.4Constructorrequirements8.4.1CarbonreductiontargetsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1,constructorsshall:a)worktowardsmeetingtheassetowner’s/manager’scarbonreductiontargets;b)challengetheassetowner/managertomutuallyagreeatargetwheretheassetowner/managerhasnotsetawholelifecarbonreductiontarget;andc)recommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtotargetsetting,whereappropriate.8.4.2BaselinesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1and8.4.1,constructorsshall:a)supportassetowners/managerstosetbaselines,whererequestedbytheassetowner/manager,byprovidingrelevantactivitydatatosupporttheirdevelopment;b)recommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtosettingbaselines;andc)collectrelevantdataforimprovingfuturebaselinesandcommunicatetotheassetowner/manager.8.5Product/materialsupplierrequirements8.5.1CarbonreductiontargetsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1,product/materialsuppliersshallrecommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtotargetsetting.NOTEThiscanbe,forexample,theavailabilityofasectortargetforspecificmaterials(suchasconcrete),whichcouldinformthetarget-settingapproachoftheassetowner.8.5.2BaselinesInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof8.1and8.5.1,product/materialsuppliersshall:a)supportassetowners/managerstosetbaselines,whererequestedbytheassetowner/manager,byprovidingrelevantenvironmentalimpactinformationoftheproductormaterial(asperClause6andClause7)tosupporttheirdevelopment;b)recommendandrecordimprovementstotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtosettingbaselines;andc)whenmakingclaimsthataproductormaterialreducescarboncomparedtoanotherproductormaterial(asperClause6andClause7),aligntheseclaimswiththebaselineassumptionsspecifiedbytheassetowner/manager.NOTEThisistoavoidproduct/materialsuppliersmakingfurtherclaimsofcarbonreductionsalreadycapturedinthetarget-settingandbaselineprocess.28©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:20239MonitoringandreportingCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE9Acarbonmanagementprocessshouldhaverobustmonitoringandtransparentreportingatfrequentintervalsduringthedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofworktohighlighttheprogressofcarbonreductionsagainsttargets.Reportsshouldinformdecision-makinginmanagingwholelifecarbon,aswellasprovideinformationforfuturecontinuousimprovement.9.1RequirementsforallvaluechainmembersAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)identifyrolesandresponsibilitiesateachworkstageformonitoringandreporting,andforsubmittingmonitoringreportstotherelevantstakeholders;b)reportwholelifecarbonemissionsateachworkstagedefinedinClause6,inlinewiththeassessmentprinciplesdetailedinClause7;c)reportprogressmadeagainsttargetssetatanassetornetworklevel,asappropriate;d)keeprecordsonlow-carbonoptionsandtheextenttowhichtheycanimproveperformanceoverabaseline;ande)sharegoodpracticeoutcomes,includingnon-carbonimpactsandbenefitsofopportunities,whererelevant,withothervaluechainmemberstodrivelow-carbonsolutionsinsimilarprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.9.2Assetowner/managerrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof9.1,assetowners/managersshall:a)reportwholelifecarbonemissionsduringthedeliveryworkstages,inlinewiththeassessmentprinciples(Clause7);b)developKPIstomonitorandreportcarbonemissions,whichare:1)developedwiththesamefunctionalunitasusedinbaselineandtargetsetting;2)incorporatedintoagovernancesystemwhichmakesthecollectionandreportingofKPIdataaproactiveprocess;and3)notoverlyburdensometoparticularvaluechainmembers,withdatagatheringandreportingrequirementssharedacrossthevaluechain.c)asaminimum,monitorandreportcarbonemissionsduringallworkstagesoratkeypointswheredecisionsaremadethatinfluencewholelifecarbonreduction;d)followrelevantrequirementsforreportingtogovernmentandothersystem-levelstakeholders;intheabsenceofsuchrequirements,identifyhowreportingpracticescansupportsystem-levelstakeholdersinfacilitatingdecarbonization;e)reviewKPIsandproject/programmecarbonrisksregularlytoidentifyanyfurtheractionsrequiredtomeettargets;andf)publishsummaryinformationontheperformanceofassets,networksand/orsystemsagainstcarbontargets.NOTEAssetowners/managerscandecidethefrequencyofmonitoringofGHGemissionsagainstthebaseline.Thiswilldependonthenatureoftheprojectorprogrammeofworkbeingdelivered.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202329PAS2080:20239.3DesignerrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof9.1,designersshall:a)monitorandreportthepredictedcarbonemissionsoftheelementsofdesignforwhichtheyareresponsibleatappropriateandagreeddeliveryworkstages,andreporttheseagainsttheassetowner’s/manager’scarbonreductiontargetsattherequiredfrequency;b)whereanopportunityforimprovementtotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtomonitoringandreportingisidentified,recommendand,whereaccepted,assistinitsimplementationinthedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;andc)identifycarbonhotspotsinthedesignoftheprojectorprogrammeofwork,andreportthesetotheassetowner/managerandothervaluechainmembersatregularintervals.9.4ConstructorrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof9.1,constructorsshall:a)monitorandreportcarbonemissionsinconstructionand,whereappropriate,commissioninganddecommissioningactivities,duringtherelevantdeliverystages;b)whereanopportunityforimprovementtotheassetowner’s/manager’sapproachtomonitoringisidentified,recommendand,whereaccepted,assistinitsimplementationinthedeliveryofassetsandprogrammesofwork;andc)identifyandreportwherethegreatestcarbonemissionsareexpectedtooccurorhaveoccurred,andwherefuturereductionscanbemade.9.5Product/materialsupplierrequirementsInadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof9.1,product/materialsuppliersshallputsystemsinplaceintheirownorganizationtomonitorandsharecarbonemissionsoftheirownproduct/materialcarbondatasothatsuchdataismadeavailabletootherusers.30©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:202310ProcurementCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE10Theprocurementprocessiscriticaltoacceleratewholelifecarbonreductionsinthevaluechainwhendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.ThisPASrecognizesthatprocurementisnotsolelythedevelopmentofacontract;it’samechanismthatwillincentivizetherightbehaviours.OrganizationsmightwanttoconsidertheguidanceofISO20400andincludecarbonaspartofaholisticapproachtotheintegrationofsustainabilityinallaspectsofprocurementactivity.10.1Assetowner/managerrequirements10.1.1ContractsAssetowner/managersshall:a)assesshowrequirementsincontractsfordesigners,constructorsorproduct/materialsuppliersorwithinthedeliverymodelcouldsupporttheassetowner’s/manager’salignmentwiththedecarbonizationprinciples(Clause4)andtherequirementsinthecarbonmanagementprocess;b)prioritizewholelifecarbonasaperformancedrive,avoidingprescriptivespecification;c)makerequirementsproportionateandrelevanttoeachworkstage;d)provideregularupdatesofthecontract’sperformanceagainsttheagreedcarbonreductiontargetsandotherrequirementstothecontractedentity,andreviewand/orre-incentivizeperformanceagainstthesetargetsonparwithperformanceagainstcostandprogramme;e)whereappropriate,includedatamanagement/informationexchangerequirementsincontractstosupportmonitoringandreporting(seeClause9andClause11);f)whereappropriate,identifyincentivemechanismsthatrewardwholelifecarbonperformance;g)whereappropriate,allowforchallengestoassetstandardsthatenablelow-carbonperformance;h)supportappropriateriskallocationmechanismsthatpromotetheinclusionoflowwholelifecarbonsolutionswhichmightbenovelandnotproveninpreviousprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;andi)incentivizecollaborativecontractualarrangementsacrossthevaluechainthatmaximizecarbonreductionopportunities.NOTETosupporttheinclusionofnumericalcarbontargetsincontracts,theassetowner/managermightalsoneedtospecifyabaselineperformancelevelwithreferenceto8.2.2.10.1.2SourcingAssetowner/managersshall:a)periodicallyreviewtheprocurementcategoriesthatsupportthedeliveryoftheirprojectsand/orprogrammeofworksandidentifythosewithamaterialcarbonimpact;b)developproportionatecriteriaforinclusionintendersthatsupporttheselectionofsupplierswhocanefficientlyenabledeliveryoflow-carbonoutcomes;c)reviewandupdateassetstandardsandspecificationstopromotetheintegrationoflowwholelifecarbonsolutions;andd)providetimelyandactionablefeedbacktosuppliersonhowtheyperformedintenders,includingcarbon-focusedselectioncriteria.NOTETheimportanceofcarbonshouldbeexplicitandalignedwithotherprocurementpriorities,suchascommercialoutcomes,programmeandrisk.ISO20400alsoprovidesguidanceonapproachestoconsideringarangeofsustainabilityaspectswithinabroaderprocurementframework.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202331PAS2080:202310.1.3EngagementAssetowner/managersshall:a)communicateprojectand/orprogrammeandcarbontargetstothecontractedentity;b)communicatetherolethevaluechainhasinachievingtheassetowner’s/manager’scarbontargets;c)periodicallyengagewiththeirvaluechaintoidentifypotentiallow-carbontechniquesorproductsthatcansupporttheirprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,followingtherequirementsofClause6;andd)identifyopportunitiestocollaboratewiththevaluechaintodeveloplow-carbonskillsandcapability.10.2Designerrequirements10.2.1ContractsDesignersshall:a)supportappropriateriskallocationapproachessetincontractsbytheassetowner/managerthatpromotelow-carbonsolutions;b)engagewiththeassetownerand/orothervaluechainmembersinvolvedinthecontracttoagreeonasolutionthatisacceptabletoallrelevantparties,wheretheriskallocationapproachneedstobechallenged;c)inrespondingtotendersforprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,demonstratetheapproachtheywilltaketoidentifylow-carbonoptionsofrelevancetothespecificobjectivesfortheproject;d)provideregularupdatestotheassetowner/managerofthecontract’sperformanceagainsttheagreedcarbonreductiontargets,andreviewperformanceagainstthesetargetsonparwithperformanceagainstcostandprogramme;ande)demonstratehowtheywillmeettherequirementsoftheassetowner’s/manager’scarbonmanagementprocess.10.2.2EngagementDesignersshall:a)promotetheirlow-carbonsolutionswithinthevaluechain;b)engagewiththevaluechaintoidentifywaysinwhichincentiveswithintheirdesigncontractsencouragetheimplementationoflow-carbonsolutions;c)identifyopportunitiestocollaboratewiththevaluechaintodeveloplow-carbonskillsandcapability;andd)whereopportunitiesexist,activelycollaboratewiththevaluechaintodevelopandintegratecapability.NOTEAssetoutinClause5,designersshouldcollaboratewithothermembersofthevaluechaininordertounderstandthelow-carbonsolutionstheyareabletooffer.10.3Constructorrequirements10.3.1ContractsConstructorsshall:a)supportappropriateriskallocationapproachessetincontractsthatpromotelow-carbonsolutions;b)engagewiththeassetownerand/orothervaluechainmembersinvolvedinthecontracttoagreeonasolutionthatisacceptabletoallrelevantparties,wheretheassetowner’s/manager’sriskallocationapproachneedstobechallenged;c)inrespondingtotendersforprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork,demonstratetheapproachtheywilltaketoidentifylow-carbonoptionsofrelevancetothespecificobjectivesfortheprojectorprogrammeofwork;d)whereappropriate,identifyanycarbonreductionmeasuresincludedwithintheirtenderresponse;e)assesshowrequirementsinsub-contractscouldsupporttheconstructor’sproject/programmecarbontargetsand/orsupporttheidentificationoflow-carbonsolutions,inlinewiththeassetowner’s/manager’scarbonmanagementprocess;32©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023f)provideregularupdatestotheassetowner/managerofthecontract’sperformanceagainsttheagreedcarbonreductiontargets,andreviewperformanceagainstthesetargetsonparwithperformanceagainstcostandprogramme;andg)demonstratehowtheywillmeettherequirementsoftheassetowner’s/manager’scarbonmanagementprocess.10.3.2SourcingConstructorsshall:a)periodicallyreviewtheprocurementcategoriesthatsupportthedeliveryoftheiractivitiesandidentifythosewithamaterialcarbonimpact;b)developproportionatecriteriaforinclusionintendersthatsupporttheselectionofsupplierswhocandeliverlow-carbonsolutions;andc)whererequired,identifyandintegratelow-carbonsolutionswithintheirproposedresponsestotenders.10.3.3EngagementConstructorsshall:a)promotetheirlow-carbonsolutionsacrossthevaluechain;b)communicatecarbontargetstothevaluechain;c)communicatetherolethevaluechainhasinachievingtheircarbontargets;d)periodicallyengagewiththeirvaluechaintoidentifypotentiallow-carbontechniquesorproductsthatcansupporttheirprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;ande)identifyopportunitiestocollaboratewiththevaluechaintodeveloplow-carbonskillsandcapability.NOTEAssetoutinClause5,constructorsshouldcollaboratewithothermembersofthevaluechaininordertounderstandthelow-carbonsolutionstheyareabletooffer.10.4Product/materialsupplierrequirementsProduct/materialsuppliersshall:a)engagewithothermembersofthevaluechaintoidentifycommercialmodelsthatcansupporttheuptakeoflow-carbonsolutions;b)identifyopportunitiestocollaboratewiththevaluechaintodeveloplow-carbonskillsandcapability;andc)regularlycommunicateinnovative,low-carbonsolutionstoothervaluechainmembers.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202333PAS2080:202311ContinualimprovementCOMMENTARYONCLAUSE11Continualimprovementisacorepartofthecarbonmanagementprocessthatallowslessonslearnedtoimprovethedeliveryofcurrentandfutureprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;thisshouldbetargetedtowardstheendgoalofdecarbonization.Continualimprovementalsoallowsorganizationstomaturetheircarbonmanagementexperienceandlearnfromeachotherabouteffectivedecarbonizationapproaches,includinginnovations.11.1RequirementsforallvaluechainmembersAllvaluechainmembersshall:a)establishaprocessofcontinualimprovementandinnovationthattargetsthedevelopmentoflow-carbonsolutions,organizationalcapabilitytodeliverlow-carbon,andimprovementsinprocurementprocessesandtherelevantcarbonmanagementprocesscomponents(Clause6);b)capturecarbonemissionsinformationandshareitwithothervaluechainmembersinordertofacilitatecontinualimprovementinfuturecarbonmanagementbetweenorganizationswithintheinfrastructureandbuildingsectors;c)capturecarbonreductionsolutionsandsharelearningwithothervaluechainmemberstoinformgoodpractice;andd)maintainongoingengagementacrossthevaluechain–assetowners/managers,designers,constructorsandproduct/materialsuppliers–tobuildlearningonindustryinnovationstofurtherdrivewholelifecarbonreductionsattheasset,networkandsystemlevel.NOTEOrganizationswithintheinfrastructureandbuildingvaluechainsmightalreadyuseapproachestocontinualimprovementataprojectorprogrammelevel(e.g.BSISO14001orBSENISO9001).11.2Assetowner/managerrequirementsAssetowners/managersshall:a)annuallyreviewtheeffectivenessoftheircarbonmanagementprocessandgovernancestructuresinplaceandmakeimprovementswheretheydonotresultinlow-carbonsolutions;b)regularlyreviewtheirprocurementprocessand,wherenecessary,makeimprovementstoputappropriateincentivesand/orrequirementsinplacetohelpvaluechainmembersdeliverwholelifecarbonreductioninprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;c)adapttheirGHGassessmentmethodology,asdataavailabilityimproves,tominimizeuncertaintyandproduceaccurate,consistentandreproducibleresults(Clause7);d)buildupaninventoryofthemostrelevantdatatousewhendevelopingbaselinesandassessingcarbonemissionsatdifferentinfrastructureandbuildingworkstages;ande)assesstheneedtoupdatetheprojectorprogrammeofworkbaselinesindeliveryworkstagestopreventcarbonreductionsfrombeingclaimedthatarebasedonoutdatedand/orinappropriatebaselines.34©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:202311.3DesignerrequirementsDesignersshall:a)provideinputtoassetowner/managercontinualimprovementrequirementsandshareimprovedcarbondatatoinformfuturedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;andb)putinplaceaprocesstoassesstheskillsandcapabilitywithintheirorganizationsand,wherenecessary,providefurthertrainingand/orguidanceinrelationtoGHGassessment,baselines,targets,identifyingandpromotingwholelifecarbonreduction,anddeliveringlow-carbonsolutions.11.4ConstructorrequirementsConstructorsshall:a)provideinputtoassetowner/managercontinualimprovementrequirementsandshareimprovedcarbondatatoinformfuturedeliveryofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;b)putinplaceaprocesstoassesstheirprocurementprocess,establishingappropriateincentivesand/orrequirementsforvaluechainmemberstodeliverwholelifecarbonreductioninprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;c)captureas-builtdataandfeedbacktohelpimprovebaselines;andd)evaluatetheskillsandcapabilitywithintheirorganizationsand,wherenecessary,providefurthertrainingand/orguidanceinrelationtoGHGassessment,baselines,targets,low-carbonsolutions,low-carbonprocurement,monitoringandreporting.11.5Product/materialsupplierrequirementsProduct/materialsuppliersshall:a)engagewithothervaluechainmemberstosharethelatestlow-carboninnovationsandassesstheirapplicabilitytoprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork;andb)evaluatetheskillsandcapabilitywithintheirorganizationsand,wherenecessary,providefurthertrainingand/orguidanceinrelationtoGHGassessment,baselines,targets,low-carbonsolutionsandlow-carbonprocurement.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202335PAS2080:202312Claimsofconformity12.1GeneralWhereclaimsofconformitytoPAS2080aremade,theprovisionsin12.2and12.3shallapply.Theseprovisionsincludeidentificationofthetypeofcertificationorverificationundertaken(see12.2)andrequirementsforhowtheclaimshallbeexpressed(see12.3).12.2Basisofclaim12.2.1GeneralTheclaimshallidentifythetypeofconformityassessmentundertakenasoneofthefollowing:a)independentthird-partycertificationinaccordancewith12.2.2;b)other-partyvalidationinaccordancewith12.2.3;orc)self-validationinaccordancewith12.2.4.Theclaimshallbeexplicitintermsofthescopeoftheconformity(organization,programmeorproject)andthespecificclausestowhichconformityisclaimed.12.2.2Independentthird-partycertificationBuildingsandinfrastructureassetowners/managersseekingtodemonstratethattheircarbonmanagementprocesshasbeenindependentlyverifiedasbeinginaccordancewiththisPASshallundergoanassessmentbyanindependentthird-partycertificationbodyaccreditedtoprovideassessmentandcertificationtothisPAS.12.2.3Other-partyvalidationOrganizationsusinganalternativemethodofvalidationinvolvingpartiesotherthanthosequalifyingasaccreditedindependentthirdpartiesshallsatisfythemselvesthatanysuchpartyisabletodemonstratecompliancewithrecognizedstandardssettingoutrequirementsforbodiesprovidingcertificationservices.NOTE1Other-partyvalidationbodiesarethoseundertakingassessmentserviceswithouthavingachievedaccreditationfromtheauthorizedaccreditationservice(e.g.UKASintheUK).Suchbodiescouldincludethosewhich,althoughindependentoftheorganizationundertakingtheassessmentofGHGemissions,cannotdemonstratecompleteindependence,e.g.atradebodyprovidingassessmentservicesforitsmembersoraconsultantemployedforsuchapurpose.NOTE2ExamplesofsuchrecognizedstandardsincludeBSENISO/IEC17065.12.2.4Self-validationOrganizationsshallbeabletodemonstratethattheircarbonmanagementprocesshasbeenestablishedinaccordancewiththisPASandpublishsupportingdocumentationonawebsiteandmakeinformationavailableuponrequest.Thesupportingdocumentshalldetail:a)thescopeoftheclaim,intermsoftheorganizationalentity,programmeorprojectwhichisclaimingconformity;b)summaryevidenceforeachclausewhichdemonstratesthattherelevantrequirementshavebeenmet;c)anylimitationsoftheclaimduetodataqualityordatagaps;d)thekeystakeholders/rolesinvolvedinthecarbonmanagementprocess;ande)summaryofactionsforthefurtherimprovementofthecarbonmanagementprocess.NOTE1Theappropriatemethodforself-validationandpresentationoftheresultscanbedeterminedbyreferencetoBSENISO14064-3andBSENISO14021.NOTE2Organizationsforwhomneitherindependentthird-partycertificationnorother-partyverificationisarealisticoptionmayrelyonself-verification.Insodoing,organizationsshouldbeawarethatindependentverificationcouldberequiredintheeventofachallengeandthatstakeholdersmighthavelessconfidenceinthisoption.36©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023NOTE3GuidanceonwhatrepresentssuitableevidenceissetoutintheGuidancedocumenttoPAS2080.12.3Permittedformsofdisclosure12.3.1Assetowners/managersClaimsofconformityshallusetheappropriateformofdisclosure,asfollows.a)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonindependentthird-partycertificationinaccordancewith12.2.2:“Carbonmanagementprocessfor[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasassetowner/managerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthecertificationbody]certified.”b)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonother-partyvalidationinaccordancewith12.2.3:“Carbonmanagementprocessfor[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasassetowner/managerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthevalidationbody]validated.”c)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonself-validationinaccordancewith12.2.4:“Carbonmanagementprocessfor[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasassetowner/managerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,self-validated.”12.3.2DesignersClaimsofconformityshallusetheappropriateformofdisclosure.a)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonindependentthird-partycertificationinaccordancewith12.2.2:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasdesignerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthecertificationbody]certified.”b)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonother-partyvalidationinaccordancewith12.2.3:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasdesignerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthevalidationbody]validated.”c)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonself-validationinaccordancewith12.2.4:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasdesignerby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,self-validated.”12.3.3ConstructorsClaimsofconformityshallusetheappropriateformofdisclosure.a)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonindependentthird-partycertificationinaccordancewith12.2.2:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasconstructorby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthecertificationbody]certified.”b)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonother-partyvalidationinaccordancewith12.2.3:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasconstructorby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthevalidationbody]validated.”c)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonself-validationinaccordancewith12.2.4:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasconstructorby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,self-validated.”12.3.4Product/materialsuppliersClaimsofconformityshallusetheappropriateformofdisclosure,asfollows:a)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonindependentthird-partycertificationinaccordancewith12.2.2:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasproduct/materialsupplierby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthecertificationbody]certified.”©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202337PAS2080:2023b)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonother-partyvalidationinaccordancewith12.2.3:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasproduct/materialsupplierby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,[insertunambiguousidentificationofthevalidationbody]validated.”c)Forclaimsofconformitybasedonself-validationinaccordancewith12.2.4:“Carbonmanagementprocessforworkundertakenon[insertunambiguousidentificationofassetorprogrammeofwork]implementedasproduct/materialsupplierby[insertunambiguousidentificationoftheclaimant]inaccordancewithPAS2080,self-validated.”38©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023AnnexA(informative)Categoriesofemissionsandremovalstoaiddecision-makingforreducingwholelifecarbonA.1WholelifecarbonemissionsourcesandremovalsTableA.1setsoutalistofemissionssourcesandremovalsfordifferentsectorsofthebuiltenvironmentatvariousstages:beforeuse,duringoperationanduse,andend-of-life.Theemissionssourcesandremovalsarecategorizedasperthewholelifecarbonframeworkfordecision-makingintroducedinClause4.Thisframeworkshouldbeusedforidentifyingrelevantsourcesofcarbonemissionsandremovalstoaidindecision-makingforreducingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevel.Onceidentified,allemissionsourcesandremovalsshouldbeassessedasperClause7,andactiontakentoreducethemasperallrelevantclausesofPAS2080.Becausedecision-makingshouldbegearedtowardsreducingcarbonacrossthewholesystem,valuechainmembersshouldconsiderhowtoreduceallcarbonoverwhichtheyhavecontrolandinfluence,includingcapital(orembodied/upfront),operationalandusercarbon,aswellasimpactsonnaturalsystems.WhilethescopeofPAS2080relatestoreducingcarbon,valuechainmembersshouldalsotakeintoaccounthowthedecisionsmadeinbuiltenvironmentdeliverycauseotherimpacts(bothbenefitsanddis-benefits)ontheenvironmentand/orwidersustainabilitygoals.TableA.1isnotexhaustiveandcanbeusedasastartingpoint.Eachvaluechainmembershouldidentifyalltherelevantsourcesofemissionsandremovalsfortheirparticularcircumstanceand/orthestandardtheyareusing.Beyondtheproject/programmeboundaryassessmentsshouldreflectthepotentialbenefitsordis-benefitsconferredfromonenetworkorsysteminthebuiltenvironmenttoanother.TableA.2setsoutanon-exhaustivesetofexamplesofpotentialbenefitsordis-benefitsthatmayresultfromactivityindifferentnetworksorsystems.Valuechainmembersneedtoconsiderwhichbenefitsordis-benefitsarematerial(i.e.non-marginal)tothedecisionsbeingmadeandthereforeworthyofassessment.Thiswillavoidtime-consumingeffortontrivialbeyond-the-boundarycomponents.TableA.1–Typicalemissionsandremovalsourcesinbuildingsandinfrastructuretotakeintoaccountwhenmanagingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevelBuildingsBeforeuseUseEnd-of-lifeSitepreparation.EnergyandmaterialsinvolvedinReuse,repurposingorthemaintenanceandupkeepofremovalofbuildings.Planning,designbuildings.andconstructionorUseofenergyandwaterbythesubstantialretrofit/building,includingbothregulatedrefurbishmentofandunregulatedenergysources.existingbuildings,includingsubstructure,superstructure,facadesandfitout.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202339PAS2080:2023TableA.1–Typicalemissionsandremovalsourcesinbuildingsandinfrastructuretotakeintoaccountwhenmanagingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevel(continued)BeforeuseUseEnd-of-lifeEnergySitepreparation.Energy(includingfueluserforReuse,repurposinginfrastructurePlanning,designtransport)andmaterialsinvolvedinorremovalofenergyandconstructionormaintenanceandupkeepofenergyinfrastructure.Watersubstantialretrofit/infrastructure.infrastructurerefurbishmentofinfrastructurethatEnergyconsumptionofthegenerates,transmits,infrastructureitself(auxiliarydistributesorstoresloads).energy.Allenergysectorconversion,Sitepreparation.transmissionanddistributionlosses.Planning,designandconstructionorAnyemissionsfromchemicalsusedsubstantialretrofit/inprocesses,includingrefrigerants,refurbishmentofSF6orsimilarinsulatinggases.infrastructure:Emissionsassociatedwiththeuse•waterresourcesassetsofenergyatthepointofenergyconsumption.–boreholes,reservoirsanddamsEnergy(includingfuelsusedReuse,repurposing•potablewatersupplyfortransport)andmaterialsorremovalofwaste–distributionsystems,involvedinmaintenanceofwaterinfrastructure.pumpingstationsandinfrastructure.treatmentworks•collectionandEnergyusedinconveyanceoftreatmentofsewagewater.–sewers,pumpingstationsandtreatmentDirecttreatmentprocessemissions.works•distribution–pipelinesEnergyuse(includingfuelusedandpumpingstations;fortransport)fortheoperationofandwaterassets.•floodandcoastaldefences.Chemicalsfortreatmentofwater.Energyusefortheheatingofwaterandconveyanceofwateratthepointofuse.40©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023TableA.1–Typicalemissionsandremovalsourcesinbuildingsandinfrastructuretotakeintoaccountwhenmanagingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevel(continued)BeforeuseUseEnd-of-lifeSitepreparation.TransportPlanning,designEnergy(includingfuelusedforReuse,repurposingorinfrastructureandconstructionortransport)andmaterialsinvolvedremovaloftransportsubstantialretrofit/inthemaintenanceandupkeepofinfrastructure.Wasterefurbishmentoftransportinfrastructure.infrastructureinfrastructurecoveringallroad,rail,aviationEnergyforstreetandpublicrealmandmarine/inlandwaterlighting.modes.Energyforpumps,controlandSitepreparation.automationsystems,signage,Planning,designsignallingetc.andconstructionorsubstantialretrofit/Otherenergy-relatedemissionsandrefurbishmentofoperationalprocessesnecessaryforinfrastructureusedfortheoperationandmanagementofprocessing,treatment,transportassets.reuse,recyclingandfinaldisposalofwaste.Energyandfuelusebyvehicles(road,aviation,waterandrail)thatareownedandoperatedbyassetowners/managersand/oroperatorsprovidingtransportservicesontheinfrastructure.Energyandfuelusebyuser-ownedvehicles(road,aviation,rail,maritime).EnergyandmaterialsinvolvedinReuse,repurposingthemaintenanceandupkeepoforremovalofwastewasteinfrastructure.infrastructure.Energyusedtopowerwastehandling,processingandtreatmentequipment(toend-of-wastepoint).Emissionsarisingfromanychemicalsorotheragentsusedtoprocessandtreatwaste.Biogenicfugitiveemissionsfromthestorageorprocessingofwaste.Transportofwastefrompointarisingtopointofrecycling/reuse(i.e.toend-of-wastepoint)andfinaldisposal.Directemissionsarisingfromanyprocesstotreatanddisposeofwasteatpointoffinaldisposal.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202341PAS2080:2023TableA.1–Typicalemissionsandremovalsourcesinbuildingsandinfrastructuretotakeintoaccountwhenmanagingwholelifecarbonattheasset,networkandsystemlevel(continued)BeforeuseUseEnd-of-lifeCommunicationsSitepreparation.EnergyandmaterialsinvolvedinReuse,repurposinginfrastructurethemaintenanceandupkeepoforremovalofPlanning,designcommunicationsinfrastructure.communicationsAllsectorsandconstructionorinfrastructure.substantialretrofit/Electricityconsumptionofnetworksrefurbishmentofanddatacentres.infrastructurefor:Energyandfuelusebyvehicles•voiceanddatathatareownedandoperatedbyassetowners/managersand/ornetworks(fixedandoperatorsprovidingservicesonthemobile);infrastructure.End-userdeviceelectricity•satellitenetworks;andconsumptionandanyend-userdatacentres.•TVandradiobroadcastnetworks.LandusechangeasLandusechangeaspartoftheLandusechangeaspartoftheprojectorprojectorprogramme.Either:partoftheprojectorprogramme.Either:•degradation/netcarbonprogramme.Either:•degradation/netcarbon•degradation/netemissions;oremissionsfrom,forcarbonemissionsexample,conversion•regeneration/netcarbonremovalfromtheprojectfromagreenfieldtoafrom,forexample,anupgradeorprogramme,forbuilding/infrastructuretoabiodiversenaturalhabitatexample,reuse,greyasset;orwithintheprojectboundary.repurposingorremovalofassets;or•regeneration/netAdditionaloperationalenergytocarbonremovalfrom,protectfromextremefloodand/or•regeneration/netforexample,anheateventsinducedfromclimatecarbonremovalupgradetoabiodiversechange.from,forexample,naturalhabitatwithinanupgradetoatheprojectboundary.Repairand/orreplacementofassetsbiodiversenaturalandsystemsfollowingdamagehabitatwithinthePlanning,designfromextremeweatherevents.projectboundary.andconstructionorsubstantialretrofit/EnergyfortheoperationofCCUSrefurbishmentofontheprojectorprogrammeprotectionfromincreased(leadingtoabatedemissions).floodingand/orheatinducedfromclimatechange.Planningdesignandconstructionorretrofitofcarboncapture,utilizationandstorage(CCUS)plantaspartoftheprojectorprogramme.42©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023TableA.2–Typicalemissionsandremovalcategoriestosupportdecision-makingformanagingwholelifecarbonbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaryatthenetworkorsystemlevelConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforenergywatertransportwastecommunicationsbuildingsActivityinallsectorsChangesintypesofReducedneedReuseandredeploymentpotentialActivityinbuildingsenergyandenergyforcleanwaterinfrastructureanddrainageNewtransportChangestowasteIntegrationofAlleviationofneededforbuildinginfrastructureinfrastructurestreamsandcommunicationspressureforheat,e.g.electricitythroughefficiencyrequirementswasteprocessinginfrastructurenewsupplynetworks,hydrogen,andreducedtosupportrequirementsfromwhendeliveringfromotherlessdistrictheatdemand.sustainableurbanuseofdifferentnewbuildings,sustainablenetworks.developments.buildingmaterials,reducingtheneedlocations.ExcessenergyforadditionalgeneratedandReducedneede.g.timber,recycledconstruction.exportedtothefortransportconcrete.grid.infrastructurethroughmixed-use,digitallyenabledbuildingsandneighbourhoods.ActivityinenergyDisplacementofWaterProvisionoflow-DemandforwasteasIntegrationofProvisionofhighercarbonconsumption,carbonenergyforenergyfromwastecommunicationspowerforelectricity,heatore.g.forhydrogenvehicles/vessels,e.g.(EfW)feedstock.infrastructureelectrificationfuels.productionandelectricityforelectricwhendeliveringofheatandthermalpowervehicles(EVs),trains.Decommissioningofenergytransport.Impactsonpowerplants.energywaste,e.g.infrastructure.transmissionradioactivewaste.ProvisionofanddistributionProvisionofhydrogenandinfrastructureIncreasedenergyforotherlow-andgridsystemreplacementandenergy-intensivecarbonfuelsforrequirements.end-of-lifewaste,infrastructure,heatinbuildingse.g.photovoltaice.g.datacentres.(includingviaRiskoflocking-inpanelsandwinddistrictheatcarbon-emittingpowerblades,whichnetworks).PAS2080:2023infrastructureandhaveadefinedsupplychains.designlife.4344TableA.2–Typicalemissionsandremovalcategoriestosupportdecision-makingformanagingwholelifecarbonbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaryatPAS2080:2023thenetworkorsystemlevel(continued)ConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforenergywatertransportwastecommunicationsbuildingsActivityinwaterDemandforenergy,WastewatertoFacilitatesChangesinamountProvisionofwaterIntegrationofActivityintransporte.g.extractionofpotablewaterproductionoflow-ofwastetobeforcooling.waterefficiencypotablewater,recycling.carbonfuels,e.g.treated.measuresinwastewaterhydrogen,biofuelsbuildingsandtreatment,Riskofflooding/cities.desalination.contaminationRiskofdisruption/ofpotablewaterimpactfromfloodRiskoffloodExcessenergysupplies.damage.damage.generatedandexportedtopowerandgasgrids.Provisionofwaterforcooling.Riskoffloodingdisruptiontogeneration,transmissionanddistributionplants.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023IncreaseddemandImpact(reductionModalshiftbetweenIncreaseddemandIntegrationofSupportforforlow-carbonorincrease)trackdifferenttransportforbatterywastecommunicationshigh-density,energyfromandroadsurfacenetworks.processingandinfrastructurelowcar-usevehicles/vessels,suchwaterrunoffintorecycling.whendeliveringsustainableaselectricityforEVswastewaterandAlleviationoftransporturbanandelectricheating,associatedcapitalcongestiononotherCapacitytoprocessinfrastructuredevelopment.resultinginneedandoperationpartsofnetwork.andrecyclewastereducingtheneedformoreelectricitycarbonwaterfromlow-carbonforadditionalgeneration,implications.transportsystems,construction.transmissione.g.,EVs.anddistributionIncreaseddemandnetworks,andtheforwaterfromassociatedcapitalproductionofandoperationalbatteriesandlow-carbonfuels.carbonimplications.Supportsdistributionoflow-carbonfuels,e.g.biomass,waste©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023TableA.2–Typicalemissionsandremovalcategoriestosupportdecision-makingformanagingwholelifecarbonbeyondtheproject/programmeboundaryatthenetworkorsystemlevel(continued)ActivityinwasteConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforConsequenceforenergywatertransportwastecommunicationsbuildingsActivityinReducedpollutionCapacitycommunicationsSupplyoffeedstockofwaterbodies.FreightusercarbonWastereductiontoprocessIntegrationofforEfWplants.Impactingneedforgeneratedfromfromdemand-andrecyclewasteprocessingwatertreatment.traffictoandfromsidemeasuresorwastefrommeasuresintoExcessenergywastetreatmentincreasedcircularity.communicationsbuildingsandgeneratedandEfficiencyinplants.Changesinwasteinfrastructure.cities.exportedtopowerprocessingthroughcomposition,e.g.toRecoveryandgasgrids.digitalconnectivityReducedneedtobiogeniccontent,—orrecyclingandautomation.travelthroughcalorificvalues.ofbuildingCapacitytoprocessbetterdigitalmaterialsforoperationalandconnectivity.Efficiencyinreuse.end-of-lifewasteFacilitatingsharedprocessingthroughfromlow-carbonmobilitysystems,digitalconnectivity,Enablinge.g.e-scooterslogisticsandsmarter,moreenergyassets.Moreefficientassetautomation.efficientutilizationandbuilding(withEnablingsmart,operation.impactsforflexibleenergyBetterintegratedenergyandsystemsthataremulti-modelwateruse).moreefficientandtransportsystems.Efficiencyinhavehigherlevelsofconstructionlow-carbonenergyprocessessupply.throughdigitalconnectivity,Increasedenergylogisticsanddemand,e.g.dataautomation.centres.45PAS2080:2023PAS2080:2023AnnexB(informative)ApplyingthecarbonmanagementprocessTableB.1summarizesthedifferentcarbonmanagementprocessrequirementsineachworkstagewhendeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.ThepurposeofthisannexistosummarizeatahighlevelhowthePAS2080carbonmanagementprocesscanbeimplemented(byallvaluechainmembers)duringthedifferentworkdeliverystages.TableB.1providesthissummary;however,itdoesnotspecifywhichvaluechainmemberneedstoimplementtherelevantrequirements.ValuechainmembersshouldrefertotheindividualclausesinthisPASforthespecificvaluechainresponsibilitiesandrequirements.Furtherguidanceontherolesandresponsibilitiesvaluechainmembershaveforeachworkstage,aswellasanumberofpracticalexamplesandcasestudies,areprovidedintheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080.TheguidanceoutlinedinTableB.1isapplicabletoallvaluechainmembersunlessstatedotherwise.46©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023TableB.1–Carbonmanagementprocessappliedtoaprojectorprogrammeofworkacrossworkstages©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023NeedOptioneeringDesignDeliveryOperationPurpose/performancereviewOpportunitytoHighestLowestreducewholelifecarbonLeadershipAssetowners/managerssetobjectives,targetsandMakecompetentresourcesavailable.Aligncarbonmanagementwithotherbusinessprocesses(e.g.risk/cost(Clause5)outcomesfortheproject/programmeofworksalignedwithmanagement).Communicateandcollaborateconsistentlywiththerelevantvaluechainmembersandstakeholders.thedecarbonizationprinciples(Clause4).Shapetheincentivesandculture.Recognizeandrewardinnovation.Supportdevelopmentofskillsandcapability.Mapkeycollaborators/stakeholdersforenablingwholeChallengethestatusquoanddrivecontinualimprovementthroughtheassets,networksandsystems.Supportothervaluelifecarbonmanagement.Setgovernancestructureandchainmemberstoperformtheirroleindecarbonization.Sharecurrentgoodpracticewithothervaluechainmembers.principles.IntegrationAssetowners/managersmakealignmentwithnetzerotransitioncentraltothescopeandrequirementsofwork.intodecision-Identifyactivitiesandassociatedemissions/removalswithincontrolandinfluenceacrossallworkstages(asperClause4),andthenecessarycollaborationswithvaluechainmembersmakingandstakeholdersthatwillenablewholelifecarbonreductions,andthenetwork(s)andsystem(s)withwhichtheprojectorprogrammeofworksinterfaces.(Clause6)Integratecarbonmanagementintothedeliveryprocessestosupportsystem-levellow-carbonoutcomes.Prioritizeimplementationofcarbonreductionopportunitieswithincontrolandinfluence.Integratethecarbonimplicationsofclimateresilience(orlackof)inthecarbonmanagementatalllevels.Prioritizenature-basedsolutionsforreducedcarbonandincreasedsequestration.Followthecarbonreductionhierarchy(Clause4)acrossallworkstagestoidentifypotentialopportunitiestoreducewholelifecarbonemissions:Avoid–Switch–Improve.Assetowners/managersconsiderthelifeofthesolution,AlignstandardsandguidancewithwholelifeOperateandmaintainassets/networksinawaywhichaddressingtheneedfortheassettodeterminethelowestdecarbonizationrequirements.supportstheenvisagedwholelifecarbonperformanceascarbonoutcome.aminimum,followingcirculareconomyprinciples.DemonstratethatproposedsolutionsaresupportiveofaConsideroptionsthatmaximizetheuseofexistingassets,netzerotransitionandwholelifeperformance.futureadaptabilityandmaterialrecovery.Manageresourcesfollowingcirculareconomyprinciples.AssessmentEstablishacomprehensivestudyboundarytounderstandFollowanassessmentmethodologyusingrecognizedCaptureassessmentSelectanappropriate(Clause7)emissionsimpactsandreductionopportunitiesofthesourcesand/orexistingstandardssothatallrelevantdatainsuitablemethodologyforassessingend-projectinthewidersystem.sourcesofemissionsandremovalsattributabletoformat(i.e.byof-lifeemissions,particularlytotheprojectorprogrammeofworksareassessedandselectingappropriateconsiderandprioritizecircularMapemissionsandremovalsusingthePAS2080wholelifeuncertaintyisacknowledged.functionalunits)economyprinciples.carbonframeworkfordecision-making(Clause4).andrecordfortheIncludeimpactstothenetworkandsystemrelevantfordevelopmentofSelectanappropriateassessmentmethodologyusingdecision-making.futurebenchmarksexistingstandardsorotherrecognizedsources.andGHGImprovedegreeofaccuracyinanyassessmentundertakenassessments.Selectdatasetstobeusedandunderstanddataqualityandtoprovidetherightinsightstohelpdecision-making.uncertaintiesinvolved.TheprimaryfocusofanyassessmentistohelpdecisionsWorkwithbenchmarksandavailablecarbonfactorsifthatpromotelow-carbonsolutions.detailedinformationisnotavailable.Assesswholelifecarbonemissionsduringdesignandconstructiontomonitorprogressagainstanytargetsset.PAS2080:2023AssessGHGemissionsandremovalsassociatedwithlandusechange,includingnature-basedsolutionsandclimateresiliencesolutions.ReportremovalactivitiesseparatelytoprioritizeGHGreductionefforts.47Selectanappropriatelevelofaccuracyanddetail.CollaboratewiththevaluechainandsharedatathatsupportstheGHGassessmentprocess.Adopttoolsanddatathatincreaseconsistencyandaccuracyofanyassessment.48TableB.1–Carbonmanagementprocessappliedtoaprojectorprogrammeofworkacrossworkstages(continued)PAS2080:2023NeedOptioneeringDesignDeliveryOperationPurpose/performancereviewOpportunitytoHighestLowestreducewholelifecarbonBaselinesandSetwholelifecarbonreductiontargetsthatarealignedCaptureandcommunicateuncertaintiesinbaselinesasCaptureoperationaldatatoinformfuturebaselinesandtargetswithtargetssetinthenetworkorsystem.theprojectprogresses.targets.(Clause8)Anytargetssetneedtodemonstrate,asfaraspossible,thatChallengecarbontargetswherethereisthepotentialforCommunicateandshareimprovementsinbenchmarks/theyarealignedtoanetzerotransition.improvement.Setappropriatetargetsfordifferentstagesfactorsbasedonproject/programmeoperation,useandofdeliverytodrivetherightbehaviours.endoflife.Wherenetworkorsystemleveltargetsdonotexist,furtherengagementandchallengeneedstotakeplacewithdifferentAprojectlevelwholelifecarbontargetmayneedtostakeholderstoidentifywaysofclosinganygaps,ifpossible.bebrokendownintocapital,operationaltargetsforselectiveworkpackagesthatdifferentvaluechainWorktowardsconsistenttargetssetfortheprojectand/ormembersmaybeleading.programmeofworks.CapturedesignandconstructionGHGdatausingDeveloptheproject/programmebaselineandtransparentlyappropriatefunctionalunitstoimprovefuturebaselines.describeassumptions,limitationsanduncertainties.Useexistingbenchmarkswhereavailable.Wherenot,usefirstprinciplestodevelopabaselineandrecorduncertaintiesforimprovementovertime.Selectappropriatefunctionalunitstodevelopthebaseline.MonitoringAssetowners/managersReporttogovernmentandsystem-levelstakeholders.Reportactualemissionsandperformanceagainsttargets.andreportingtodefinemonitoringandRepeatedlyreviewperformanceagainsttargetsthroughoutdevelopment.reportingrequirementsandUsecaptureddatatoimproveperformanceoverthebaseline.(Clause9)communicate.Sharegoodpracticeoutcomes,includingnon-carbonimpactsandco-benefits.Identifyrolesandresponsibilitiesandstakeholderstoreportto.Reportcarbonprogressagainstthesettargetsandrecordidentifiedcarbonreductionopportunitiesthroughoutallstagesofdevelopment.Sharegoodpracticeoutcomesandcarbondataregularlywiththevaluechaintoenablewiderdecarbonization.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023ProcurementIncludecarbonmanagementReviewperformanceagainsttheagreedtargetsaswellascostandprogramme.(Clause10)processrequirementsPromoteriskallocationapproachesthatsupportinnovationandlow-carbonoutcomes.(includingobjectives,targetsWhereappropriate,includedatamanagement/informationexchangerequirementsincontracts.andprojectoutcomes)inIncentivizecollaborativecontractualarrangementsthatallowandencouragethesuccessfulimplementationofthecarbonmanagementprocess.contracts.Promote,engageandcommunicatelow-carbonsolutionsEstablishprocurementprocessesthatrewardsuppliersatlowertiersofthevaluechainAvoidprescriptivethroughthevaluechain.thatdeliverlow-carbonsolutions.specificationsandfocusonoutcomes.Identifyareasofinnovationwhenrespondingtotenders.Establishprocurementmechanismsthatpromoteinnovationthatfollowthecarbonreductionhierarchyofavoid,switch,improve,promotingrepurposingandreusingConsidertypesofincentivesAllowforchallengetoassetstandardsandidentifyexistingassets.toincludeincontracts.incentivemechanismstorewardwholelifecarbonreduction.Cascaderequirementsinsub-contracts.Identifyandimplementdeliverymodelsthatsupportlow-carbonoutcomesandthatpromotecollaboration.PAS2080:2023AnnexC(informative)Guidanceforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciersC.1TheirroleofcontrolandinfluenceinthevaluechainTheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1]setoutthewholevaluechaincomprisingofmultiplestakeholderswhohavevaryinglevelsofcontrolandinfluenceofcarbonreduction,atdifferentstagesofthelifecycleofaprojectorprogrammeofworks.ThesestakeholdersandtheirpotentialrolesareshowninFigure2.Atthetopofthevaluechainaregovernment,regulatorsandfinanciers(sponsors,lenders,insurers),whoarguablyhavethegreatestinfluenceacrossnetworksandsystemsofthebuiltenvironment.Althoughassetowners/managershavetheprimaryresponsibilityfordeliveringandmanagingbuildingsandinfrastructureassetsandhavetheabilitytointegratetheworkunderacommoncarbonmanagementprocess,allvaluechainmembersshouldshareresponsibilityforthemanagementoftheassociatedcarbonemissionsandcangreatlyinfluenceprojectsand/orprogrammesofworktobecompatiblewithanetzerocarbontransition.Assetowners/managerscanonlyrealizecarbonreductionswithinafullyintegratedvaluechaininvolvingnotonlydesigners,constructorsandproduct/materialsuppliers,butalsoregulatorsandfinanciersthatdetermineclimate-relatedpolicy,planningandKPIs.Althoughrecognizedtobeatthetopofthevaluechain,government,regulatorsandfinancierswerebeyondthescopeoftheInfrastructurecarbonreview[1]and,assuch,therearenonormativeclausesinPAS2080fortheirroleindrivingcarbonreduction.Thisinformativeannexsetsoutguidanceforgovernment,regulatorsandfinanciersinenablingdecarbonizationofthebuiltenvironmentbyfollowingPAS2080principles.C.2GovernmentandregulatorsGovernment,throughlegislationandregulation,canshapethepolicyagendawithinwhichthebuiltenvironmentoperates.Policyestablishesthedirectionofdevelopmentinlinewithsocialandeconomicdrivers;netzerocarbontransitionispartofnationalandregionalpolicy,whichincludesbuiltenvironmentsystemsacrossbuildingsandinfrastructure.Currently,manygovernments,whethernational,regionalorlocal,makedecisionsforthedevelopmentofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.However,alignmentwithnetzerotransitionistypicallynottakenintoaccount.Ideally,wholelifecarbonmanagementprinciplesshouldbeappliedatthestartofthedecision-makingprocess,whenpolicyresponsesarebeingdecided,withdecarbonizationmeasuresformingakeypartofthedecision-makingprocess,andwithPAS2080helpingtoinformthat.Thisisnotyetthecase.Inthemeantime,somelocalgovernmentsareearlyadoptersofahybridapproachthatcombinesPAS2080considerationswithinnationalappraisalandevaluationprocesses,whichincludesthevalueofwholelifedecarbonizationintheselectionofprojectsandprogrammes.FurtherexplanationandworkedexamplesareprovidedintheGuidancedocumentforPAS2080.Notallregulatorscurrentlyhaveamandatefocusedonensuringtheeconomicsectorstheyregulatetransitiontonetzerocarbon.TheguidanceinTableC.1setsouthow,inlinewiththePAS2080principles,governmentandregulatorscansupporttheeconomicsectorstheyoverseetodeliveronnetzero.©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202349PAS2080:2023TableC.1–KeyareasforsupportfromgovernmentandregulatorsPAS2080clausesActionsalignedwithcarbonmanagementprinciplesLeadership•Beclearontargetsandactionsrequiredfromassetowners/managersfornetzerocarbontobeachievedandprovidesupportaccordingly.•Supportthedevelopmentofcollaborativeforumsfocusedonfacilitatingcross-sectorproblemsolvingandknowledgesharing.•Encouragetrainingandskillsdevelopmentacrosstheirsectorsforthedeliveryofnetzero.Integrating•Setspecificrequirementsforassetowners/managersthatpromotedecarbonizationwhencarbonintodeliveringprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.decision-making•Requireinformationonthecarbonassociatedwithaprojectorprogrammeofworkwhenconsideringregulatorysubmissionsorbusinesscases.Assessment•Encouragetheadoptionofrobustandvalidatedmethodologiesforthereportingofcarbonemissionsintheircontrolandinfluence.•Developrobustmethodologiestailoredtothegovernmentorregulator,whererequired.•Incentivizegreaterdatasharingandcollaborationwithinthevaluechain,allowingimprovementsinmaturityoftheirsector.Targetsetting•Beclearonthesystem-leveltargets/budgetsthatcanbeadoptedbythevaluechain.andbaselines•Encouragethesharingofinformationonthebaselinepositionofnetworks(orinformationthatcouldbeusedtodevelopbaselines),includingfuturetrendsthatshouldbetakenintoaccount.Procurement•Developandpromotedeliverymodelsthatshareriskandrewardforlow-carbonsolutions.Monitoringand•Requireassetowners/managerstopublishcarboninformationassociatedwiththewholereportinglifeoftheirassetsandnetworks.•Beclearonthedecarbonizationtargetsforkeysectorstoallowtimelyprogressinreachingnetzero.•Requireassetowners/managerstofollowaccountability,transparency,inclusionandverifiablereportingprinciplesaspartofthemanagementprocess.Continual•Identifykeyareasofinnovationfornetworksandsystemstotackle.improvement•Invitechallengeontheapproachestocarbonmanagementtakenbythesector.C.3FinanciersFinanciersareahighlydiversecommunityandincludethosewhoprovideequityanddebttobuiltenvironmentcompaniesandassets,orprovideotherfinancialservices,suchasinsurance,thatsupportthoseactivities.Insomecases,financierscouldalsobetheassetowner/manager.Asidefromcompliance,thefinancecommunitycanuseitsinfluencebothintermsofthetypesofprojectsand/orprogrammesofworktheychoosetosupport,andforthosetheyalreadyareinvolvedin,provideleadershipandguidanceonhowtorespondtonetzero.Thismightrequirealonger-termviewoninvestment,andrecognitionoftheroleassetsplayinwiderdecarbonizationacrossbuiltenvironmentsystems.50©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023Emergingguidanceandstandardswillpromotebetterdecision-makingandtransparencyforthefinancecommunity.Someoftheseincluderegulatoryrequirementsandprovidemoreconsistencyonnetzero,targetsetting,reporting,etc.forlargeorganizations,suchasglobalinvestmentfundsfocusedoninfrastructureandrealestate.ThemaindifferencebetweensuchstandardsandPAS2080isthattheformerarefocusedonnetzeroattheorganizationallevelforlargeglobalinvestmentorganizations,whereasPAS2080focusesonbuildingcapabilitytodeliverlow-carbonbuildingsandinfrastructure.TheguidanceinTableC.2setsouthow,inlinewiththeclausesofPAS2080,financierscanactandsupportthevaluechaininachievingnetzerobyfollowingcarbonmanagementprinciples.TableC.2–KeyareasforsupportfromfinanciersPAS2080clausesActionsalignedwithcarbonmanagementprinciplesLeadership•Settheambitionfortheir(thefinancier’s)investmentsandprojectsinachievingnetzerocarbon.•Influencetheassetstheyareinvolvedwith(existingandnew)todevelopplanstocontributetothenetzerotransition.•Sharelessonsandinsightsoninvestmentprofileandassetmanagement/performancetopromoteinvestmentinlow-carbonprojectsacrosstheindustry.•Engagewithgovernmentandregulatorstoaligndecarbonizationplansatanetworkandsystemlevel,withappropriatefinancialandfundingmechanismstoexecute/deliverthem.•Developfinanceinstrumentsandpackagesforacceleratingretrofit,refurbishmentandalternativesolutions.Integrating•Supportgovernmentandregulatorsintheidentificationofrisksandopportunitiesincarbonintorelationtolow-carbondeliveryandoperation.decision-making•Requireinformationonthecarbonassociatedwithaprojectorprogrammeofworkwhenassessingbusinesscases,projectfinanceandfunding/insuranceagreements.•Takeawholelifecarbonviewwhenconsideringpaybackforanylow-carboninvestments.•Takeintoaccountphysical/transitionrisks,aswellasco-benefits,whenmakingdecisionsonprovidinginvestment/insurancetolow-carbonprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.Assessment•Contributetomethodologiestailoredtotheirsectorand/orprovideinputdatawhereuseful.•Aligncarbonperformanceacrosstheprojectlifecyclewiththesettargets.Targetsetting•Defineportfoliotargetsforinvestments/insuranceandcommunicatethesetothevalueandbaselineschain(particularlyassetowners/managers)tomeettheambition.•Encouragesharingofinformationthatsupportsthedefinitionofbaselines,includingfuturetrendsthatshouldbetakenintoaccount.•Includeperformancerequirementsandtargetsthatencouragedecarbonizationinfundingcriteriaofprojectsand/orprogrammesofwork.Procurement•Promotedeliverymodelsthatshareriskandrewardforlow-carbonsolutions.•Takeintotheaccounttheinclusionofcarbonmetricsandperformancerequirementsinfinancialandprojectcontracts.•Establishprojectfinancestructures(orsimilar)thatsupportcollaborationinthevaluechain.Monitoringand•Requireassetowner/managerstoreportinformationoncarbonfortheirassetsandreportingnetworksinalignmentwithcarbonmanagementprinciplesand/orotherrelevantframeworks(e.g.sustainabilitydisclosurerequirements).•Beclearonthedecarbonizationtargetsforprojectssothattimelyprogressinreachingnetzeroformspartofassetvaluationsandinvestmentdecisions.Continual•Identifykeyareasofinnovationfornetworksandsystemstotackle.improvement©TheBritishStandardsInstitution202351PAS2080:2023C.4LocalandregionalgovernmentLocalandregionalgovernmentactors(e.g.,localauthorities)mighthavecontrolandinfluenceinanyorbothoftheareassetoutinC.2andC.3,eitherthroughpolicy-making,planningorinvestmentactivity.Insomecases,localandregionalgovernmentcouldbeassetowners/managers,too.Giventhediversityofrolesoflocalandregionalgovernmentactors,itisnotpossibletoprovidespecificguidance.Rather,localandregionalgovernmentactorsshouldidentifytherelevantrequirementsinthisPASandannexandundertaketofollowsuchrequirements/guidancetosupportdecarbonizationofthebuiltenvironmentwithintheircontrolandinfluence.52©TheBritishStandardsInstitution2023PAS2080:2023BibliographyStandardspublicationsFordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.BS8536:2022,Design,manufactureandconstructionforoperability–CodeofpracticeBS11000,CollaborativebusinessrelationshipsBSEN15804:2012+A2:2019,Sustainabilityofconstructionworks–Environmentalproductdeclarations–CorerulesfortheproductcategoryofconstructionproductsBSEN15978:2011,Sustainabilityofconstructionworks–Assessmentofenvironmentalperformanceofbuildings–CalculationmethodBSEN17472:2022,Sustainabilityofconstructionworks–Sustainabilityassessmentofcivilengineeringworks–CalculationmethodsBSENISO9001,Qualitymanagementsystems–RequirementsBSENISO14021,Environmentallabelsanddeclarations–Self-declaredenvironmentalclaims(TypeIIenvironmentallabelling)BSENISO14044,Environmentalmanagement–Lifecycleassessment–Requirementsandguidelines(IncorporatingcorrigendumNo.1)BSENISO14064-1,Greenhousegases–SpecificationwithguidanceattheorganizationlevelforquantificationandreportingofgreenhousegasemissionsandremovalBSENISO14064-3,Greenhousegases–SpecificationwithguidancefortheverificationandvalidationofgreenhousegasstatementsBSENISO/IEC17065,Conformityassessment–Requirementsforbodiescertifyingproducts,processesandservicesBSISO14001,Environmentalmanagementsystems–RequirementswithguidanceforuseBSISO15392:2019,Sustainabilityinbuildingsandcivilengineer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